DOCSLIB.ORG

Population Dynamics and Reproductive Ecology of the Southern Calamary in Tasmania

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Population Dynamics and Reproductive Ecology of the Southern Calamary in Tasmania FRDC FINAL REPORT POPULATION DYNAMICS AND REPRODUCTIVE ECOLOGY OF THE SOUTHERN CALAMARY (SEPIOTEUTHIS AUSTRALIS) IN TASMANIA Natalie Moltschaniwskyj, Gretta Pecl, Jeremy Lyle, Malcolm Haddon, & Michael Steer June 2003 FRDC Project No. 2000/121 National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Entry Moltschaniwskyj, Natalie Ann, 1965- Population dynamics and reproductive ecology of the southern calamary (Sepioteuthis australis) in Tasmania. ISBN 1 86295 104 7 1. Squid fisheries - Tasmania. 2. Squids - Reproduction - Tasmania. I. Moltschaniwskyj, N. II. Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute. 639.485809946 Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001. E-mail: [email protected]. Ph. (03) 6227 7277 Fax (03) 6227 8035 The opinions expressed in this report are those of the author/s and are not necessarily those of the Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute. Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania 2003. Copyright protects this publication. Except for purposes permitted by the Copyright Act, reproduction by whatever means is prohibited without the prior written permission of the Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute. Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 List of Figures 4 List of Tables 9 Non-Technical Summary 12 Acknowledgements 16 Background 17 Need 18 Objectives 19 General Introduction 20 Chapter 1: Small-scale spatial and temporal patterns of egg production by the temperate loliginid squid Sepioteuthis australis 22 Introduction .................................................................................................................22 Materials and Methods................................................................................................23 Results.........................................................................................................................27 Discussion ...................................................................................................................32 Chapter 2: An assessment of the use of short-term closures to protect spawning southern calamary aggregations from fishing pressure in Tasmania, Australia 34 Introduction .................................................................................................................34 Materials and Methods................................................................................................35 Results.........................................................................................................................37 Discussion ...................................................................................................................44 Chapter 3: Temporal variability in embryonic development and mortality in the southern calamary Sepioteuthis australis: a field assessment 48 Introduction .................................................................................................................48 Materials and Methods................................................................................................50 Results.........................................................................................................................52 Discussion ...................................................................................................................57 Chapter 4: Spawning aggregations of squid (Sepioteuthis australis) populations: fisheries management of a continuum of ‘micro-cohorts’ 60 Introduction .................................................................................................................60 Methods and Materials................................................................................................61 Results.........................................................................................................................63 Discussion ...................................................................................................................73 Chapter 5: Interannual variation in the spawning aggregations 76 Introduction .................................................................................................................76 Materials and Methods................................................................................................78 Results.........................................................................................................................80 Discussion ...................................................................................................................92 Chapter 6: Large scale temporal and spatial patterns of adult populations and spawning activities 96 Introduction .................................................................................................................96 FRDC Final Report 2000/121, Page 2 Material and Methods..................................................................................................97 Results.......................................................................................................................100 Discussion .................................................................................................................114 Chapter 7: Description and assessment of the Tasmanian southern calamary fishery 117 Background ...............................................................................................................117 Management context .................................................................................................117 Data sources ..............................................................................................................119 Catch, effort and catch rates......................................................................................120 Modelling the southern calamary fishery..................................................................129 Management Implications.........................................................................................141 Benefits and Beneficiaries 143 Further Developments 143 Planned Outcomes 145 Conclusions 146 Literature Cited 149 Appendix 1: Intellectual Property 159 Appendix 2: Staff Involved 159 FRDC Final Report 2000/121, Page 3 List of Figures Figure 1.1: Map of Tasmania and Great Oyster Bay showing the two locations surveyed. ............................................................................................................... 23 Figure 1.2: An egg mass made up of a number of egg strands (A). Each egg strand contains between three and nine eggs (B)............................................................. 25 Figure 1.3: The average density of newly laid egg strands at each of the two locations during the thirteen months of monitoring. - = no data. Hazard Bay n=60, Coles Bay n=48. Letters above the means are results of the post-hoc test; means sharing the same letter are not significantly different. (from Moltschaniwskyj & Pecl 2002) ..................................................................................................................... 27 Figure 1.4: The number of Stage I eggs produced in the sites monitored in each of the two locations in 1999 (solid bars) and 2000 (cross-hatched bars). Note different scale for each location. - = no data. (from Moltschaniwskyj & Pecl 2002)........ 28 Figure 1.5: The average density of Amphibolis plants and the average height of the plants across the two locations in summers of 1999 and 2000. (from Moltschaniwskyj & Pecl 2002)............................................................................. 30 Figure 1.6: Differences in the average density of egg masses deposited at two sites in Hazards Bay between two consecutive survey dates approximately two weeks apart. If the confidence limits do not encompass zero then the average difference in the density of egg masses is significantly different from zero. (from Moltschaniwskyj & Pecl 2002)............................................................................. 31 Figure 1.7: The wind speed (km/hr) and atmospheric pressure (HPa) during the spring/early summer of 1999 and 2000. The arrows indicate the days on which surveys of the eggs masses were conducted. The asterisks indicated times at which egg mass loss had been detected. (from Moltschaniwskyj & Pecl 2002) . 31 Figure 2.1: Map of Tasmania and Great Oyster Bay showing the location of the study area. ....................................................................................................................... 35 Figure 2.2: The mean number of egg strands.m-2 (± standard error), in Hazards Bay (solid line) and Coles Bay (dashed line). Means with different letters are significantly different from one another based on post-hoc Tukeys HSD test among the ten means. In 2000 the letters refer to means at each time across locations. ............................................................................................................... 38 Figure 2.3: The mean gonosomatic index for females and males for the open and closure periods in 1999 and 2000 for the two locations combined. The sample size is indicated above each mean......................................................................... 39 Figure 2.4: The total body weight for females and males for the four occasions during the study across the two locations. The sample size is indicated above each mean. Females caught during Open 2 were not included in the analysis because only three were caught. ................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Comparative Life History of Tropical and Temperate Sepioteuthis Squids in Australian Waters
    ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following reference: Pecl, Gretta T. (2000) Comparative life history of tropical and temperate Sepioteuthis squids in Australian waters. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24094/ If you believe that this work constitutes a copyright infringement, please contact [email protected] and quote http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24094/ CHAPTER 4: FLEXIBLE REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGIES IN TROPICAL AND TEMPERATE SEPIOTEUTIDS SQUIDS 4.1 INTRODUCTION An individuals' "fitness" in the evolutionary sense, is determined by both absolute fecundity and generation interval (Roff 1986). Both of these life history traits are dependent on the reproductive strategy of a species, and indeed are likely to be divergent between those species or individuals that breed once and die, and those that breed over an extended time frame. Optimal age or size at maturity and the associated age- and size­ specific schedules of reproductive investment are just some of the life history characteristics that are also intimately related to the reproductive strategy of a species (Stearns 1977). As a consequence of the very short life span typical of most cephalopods, annual recruitment is essential to sustain populations (Boyle 1990). and as such an understanding of the reproductive strategy of a cephalopod fisheries resource is crucial. Determining how long an individual takes to complete egg maturation and deposition, and assessing what portion of the life span this period represents, is a major difficulty confronting detailed examinations of cephalopod reproductive biology in field populations (Collins el at. 1995b). Although coleoid cephalopods have traditionally been viewed as semelparous organisms that reproduce once and die (Arnold & Williams-Arnold 1977; Calow 1987; eg: lllex illecebrosus O'Dor 1983; Todarodes pacijicus Okutani 1983), it is becoming increasingly apparent that many species are not restricted to thi s strategy.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Life History of Tropical and Temperate Sepioteuthis Squids in Australian Waters
    ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following reference: Pecl, Gretta T. (2000) Comparative life history of tropical and temperate Sepioteuthis squids in Australian waters. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24094/ If you believe that this work constitutes a copyright infringement, please contact [email protected] and quote http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24094/ COMPARATIVE LIFE mSTORY OF TROPICAL AND TEMPERATE SEPIOTEUTHIS SQUIDS IN AUSTRALIAN WATERS. Thesis submitted by Gretta T. Peel (Hons.) (JeU) October 2000 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Marine Biology within the School of Marine Biology and Aquaculture James Cook Uni versity STATEMENT OF ACCESS I, the undersigned, the author of this thesis, understand that James Cook University will make it available for use within the University Library and, by microfilm or other photographic means. allow access to users in other approved libraries. All users consulting this thesis will have to sign the following statement: "In consulting this thesis I agree not to copy or closely paraphrase it in whole or in part, or use the results in any other work (written or otherwise) without the signed consent of the author; and to make proper written acknowledgment for any other assistance which I have obtained from it." Beyond this, I do not wish to place any restriction on access to this thesis. ..... 9JQ:.cc .. DECLARA TION I declare that this thesis is my own work and has not been submitted in any fOIm for another degree or diploma at any university or other institution of tertiary education.
    [Show full text]
  • Defensive Behaviors of Deep-Sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy
    Defensive Behaviors of Deep-sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy by Stephanie Lynn Bush A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Roy L. Caldwell, Chair Professor David R. Lindberg Professor George K. Roderick Dr. Bruce H. Robison Fall, 2009 Defensive Behaviors of Deep-sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy © 2009 by Stephanie Lynn Bush ABSTRACT Defensive Behaviors of Deep-sea Squids: Ink Release, Body Patterning, and Arm Autotomy by Stephanie Lynn Bush Doctor of Philosophy in Integrative Biology University of California, Berkeley Professor Roy L. Caldwell, Chair The deep sea is the largest habitat on Earth and holds the majority of its’ animal biomass. Due to the limitations of observing, capturing and studying these diverse and numerous organisms, little is known about them. The majority of deep-sea species are known only from net-caught specimens, therefore behavioral ecology and functional morphology were assumed. The advent of human operated vehicles (HOVs) and remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) have allowed scientists to make one-of-a-kind observations and test hypotheses about deep-sea organismal biology. Cephalopods are large, soft-bodied molluscs whose defenses center on crypsis. Individuals can rapidly change coloration (for background matching, mimicry, and disruptive coloration), skin texture, body postures, locomotion, and release ink to avoid recognition as prey or escape when camouflage fails. Squids, octopuses, and cuttlefishes rely on these visual defenses in shallow-water environments, but deep-sea cephalopods were thought to perform only a limited number of these behaviors because of their extremely low light surroundings.
    [Show full text]
  • Nektonic Assemblages Determined from Baited Underwater Video in Protected Versus Unprotected Shallow Seagrass Meadows on Kangaroo Island, South Australia
    Vol. 503: 205–218, 2014 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published April 29 doi: 10.3354/meps10733 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Nektonic assemblages determined from baited underwater video in protected versus unprotected shallow seagrass meadows on Kangaroo Island, South Australia Sasha K. Whitmarsh1,*, Peter G. Fairweather1, Daniel J. Brock2, David Miller3 1School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia 2Coast and Marine Program, Kangaroo Island Natural Resources Management Board, 35 Dauncey Street, Kingscote, Kangaroo Island, South Australia 5223, Australia 3Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources, 1 Richmond Road, Keswick, South Australia 5035, Australia ABSTRACT: As the number of marine protected areas grows worldwide, it is important to under- stand how existing protected areas have functioned. Baited remote underwater video stations (BRUVS) are becoming a widely used technique for monitoring reef fish, but with few studies hav- ing so far used BRUVS in seagrass meadows, it remains unclear how they perform within these habitats. The aims of this study were to trial the use of BRUVS in shallow seagrass habitats and to compare animals observed at Pelican Lagoon Aquatic Reserve to 2 broadly similar locations on Kangaroo Island that have had no protection. BRUVS identified 47 distinguishable taxa from 5 phyla, with the majority (79%) of those being fishes. Assemblages taking into account relative abundances were not significantly different between protected and unprotected areas; however, species compositions alone varied significantly across all 3 locations. Only 2 out of 18 commer- cially and/or recreationally targeted species had a higher abundance within the reserve. Overall, BRUVS were found to be suitable for use in seagrass habitats; however, some limitations (particu- larly the potential for obstruction of the camera by seagrass blades) may exist.
    [Show full text]
  • Population Dynamics and Reproductive Ecology of the Southern Calamary (Sepioteuthis Australis) in Tasmania
    FRDC FINAL REPORT POPULATION DYNAMICS AND REPRODUCTIVE ECOLOGY OF THE SOUTHERN CALAMARY (SEPIOTEUTHIS AUSTRALIS) IN TASMANIA Natalie Moltschaniwskyj, Gretta Pecl, Jeremy Lyle, Malcolm Haddon, & Michael Steer June 2003 FRDC Project No. 2000/121 National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Entry Moltschaniwskyj, Natalie Ann, 1965- Population dynamics and reproductive ecology of the southern calamary (Sepioteuthis australis) in Tasmania. ISBN 1 86295 104 7 1. Squid fisheries - Tasmania. 2. Squids - Reproduction - Tasmania. I. Moltschaniwskyj, N. II. Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute. 639.485809946 Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tasmania 7001. E-mail: [email protected]. Ph. (03) 6227 7277 Fax (03) 6227 8035 The opinions expressed in this report are those of the author/s and are not necessarily those of the Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute. Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute, University of Tasmania 2003. Copyright protects this publication. Except for purposes permitted by the Copyright Act, reproduction by whatever means is prohibited without the prior written permission of the Tasmanian Aquaculture and Fisheries Institute. Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 List of Figures 4 List of Tables 9 Non-Technical Summary 12 Acknowledgements 16 Background 17 Need 18 Objectives 19 General Introduction 20 Chapter 1: Small-scale spatial and temporal patterns of egg production by the temperate loliginid squid Sepioteuthis
    [Show full text]
  • UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UCLA UCLA Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Evolution and Population Genomics of Loliginid Squids Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0zw3h4ps Author Cheng, Samantha Hue Tone Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Evolution and Population Genomics of Loliginid Squids A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology by Samantha Hue Tone Cheng 2015 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Evolution and Population Genomics of Loliginid Squids by Samantha Hue Tone Cheng Doctor of Philosophy in Biology University of California, Los Angeles, 2015 Professor Paul Henry Barber, Chair Globally, rampant harvesting practices have left vital marine resources in sharp decline precipitating a dramatic loss of the biodiversity and threatening the health and viability of natural populations. To protect these crucial resources and ecosystems, a comprehensive assessment of biodiversity, as well as a rigorous understanding of the mechanisms underlying it, is urgently needed. As global finfish fisheries decline, harvest of cephalopod fisheries, squid, in particular, has exponentially increased. However, while much is known about the evolution and population dynamics of teleost fishes, much less is understood about squids. This dissertation provides a robust, in-depth examination of these mechanisms in commercially important squids using a novel approach combining genetics and genomics methods. In the first chapter, a suite of genetic markers is used to thoroughly examine the distribution and evolution of a species complex of bigfin reef squid (Sepioteuthis cf. lessoniana) throughout the global center of marine biodiversity, the Coral Triangle, and adjacent areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial and Temporal Distribution, Size Composition, and Abundance of Oval Squid, Sepioteuthis Lessoniana (Lesson 1830) in the C
    Samson: Sepioteuthis lessoniana in Zamboanga City Spatial and temporal distribution, Size composition, and Abundance of Oval squid, Sepioteuthis lessoniana (Lesson 1830) in the coastal waters of Bolong, Zamboanga City, Philippines Jesus Rolando A. Samson College of Fisheries and Food Sciences, Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology, Fort Pilar, Zamboanga City, Philippines. Correspondence: [email protected] ABSTRACT The study was conducted in the coastal waters of Bolong, Zamboanga City, Philippines purposely to determine the spatial distribution of S. lessoniana in relation to the depth of water and temporal distribution in relation to lunar phase using size composition and catch per unit effort (CPUE) data. Two sampling stations were established, namely, shallow- water station (Station 1) and deep-water station (Stations 2). Twenty units of squid traps were utilized in the study; ten of which were set in Station 1 and the other ten in Station 2. The traps were constructed using bamboo and green polyethylene netting. Instead of bait, coconut spikelet was placed inside the trap to lure squids. A motorized banca was used to set and haul the traps in the two sampling stations. Although hauling was done daily, sampling is scheduled only 12 times a month with three samplings per lunar phase. Catches were segregated according to sampling stations and lunar phases. Results of the study revealed that the squids caught in deeper waters were significantly larger than those caught in shallow waters, and that females dominated the shallow waters while males dominated the deeper waters. Furthermore, the catch during Full Moon was significantly higher than the catch of the other three lunar phases (p<0.05) with highest CPUE recorded in Station 2 during Full Moon (0.352 kg trap-1 day-1).
    [Show full text]
  • Description of Key Species Groups in the East Marine Region
    Australian Museum Description of Key Species Groups in the East Marine Region Final Report – September 2007 1 Table of Contents Acronyms........................................................................................................................................ 3 List of Images ................................................................................................................................. 4 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... 5 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 6 2 Corals (Scleractinia)............................................................................................................ 12 3 Crustacea ............................................................................................................................. 24 4 Demersal Teleost Fish ........................................................................................................ 54 5 Echinodermata..................................................................................................................... 66 6 Marine Snakes ..................................................................................................................... 80 7 Marine Turtles...................................................................................................................... 95 8 Molluscs ............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Lolliguncula) Brevis (Blainville, 1823
    Cephalopods of the World 81 Local Names: CHINA: Yau jai. Remarks: Norman and Lu (2000) report the species distribution to extend to the gulf of Thailand. According to Manoch, 1998, records from the Gulf of Thailand should be attributed to Loliolus sumatrensis. Records of this species from the Bay of Bengal also exist (Yothinayagam, 1987). Literature: Natsukari (1983), Nesis (1982, 1987), Manoch (1998), Vecchione, et al. (1998b), Norman and Lu (2000), Okutani (2005), Vecchione (2008f). Lolliguncula Steenstrup, 1881 Lolliguncula Steenstrup, 1881, Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Skrifter, 6 Raekke, Naturvidenskabelig og Mathematisk, 1(3): 211–242. [242]. Type Species: Lolliguncula brevis. Diagnostic Features: Tentacular clubs expanded, with suckers in 4 series. Arm sucker rings with square, plate-like teeth around entire margin. Hectocotylus without crest; suckers reduced, sucker stalks elongated to form papillae on either dorsal or both dorsal and ventral rows. Mantle without posterior tail-like elongation. Posterior of fins broadly rounded; fins wider than long in adults. Eggs small. Spermatophores with long cement body. Photophores absent. Size: Small-sized species; maximum mantle length 120 mm. Geographical Distribution: Tropical and subtropical West Atlantic, and tropical eastern Pacific Ocean. Remarks: The genus Lolliguncula was established to distinguish L. brevis from the species of Loligo then known, based on body and fin shape and spermatophore deposition site. These characters have since proven to exhibit considerable variability, both within and among species. However, all of the species in this genus are united and distinguished from all other loliginids by the long cement body of their spermatophores. Variability exists in hectocotylus morphology, and this led Berry (1929) to erect the genus Loliolopsis and Brakoniecki (1986) to erect Afrololigo.
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Behaviour and Sexual Skin Displays in Caribbean Reef Squid Sepioteuthis Sepioidea
    WellBeing International WBI Studies Repository 2016 Mating Games Squid Play: Reproductive Behaviour and Sexual Skin Displays in Caribbean Reef Squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea Jennifer Mather University of Lethbridge Follow this and additional works at: https://www.wellbeingintlstudiesrepository.org/repbeh Part of the Animal Studies Commons, Behavior and Ethology Commons, and the Comparative Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Mather, J. (2016). Mating games squid play: reproductive behaviour and sexual skin displays in Caribbean reef squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea. Marine and freshwater behaviour and physiology, 49(6), 359-373. https://doi.org/10.1080/10236244.2016.1253261 This material is brought to you for free and open access by WellBeing International. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of the WBI Studies Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Mating games squid play: reproductive behaviour and sexual skin displays in Caribbean reef squid Sepioteuthis sepioidea Jennifer Mather Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Canada KEYWORDS Squid; Sepioteuthis sepioidea; mating strategies; sexual skin displays; scramble competition mating system; sex-specific spatial movement strategies ABSTRACT Observation of the sexual interactions of Sepioteuthis sepioidea squid during the short reproductive stage of their lives showed a scramble competition system, with both male and female polygyny. Mature females were faithful to a specific location in the daytime, whereas males moved from group to group and formed short-term consortships with females. Males defended females from other males, particularly with an agonistic Zebra display. Male–female pairs exchanged Saddle-Stripe displays, after which males might display an on–off Flicker. There was considerable female choice.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Ecology Progress Series 328:1
    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Vol. 328: 1–15, 2006 Published December 20 Mar Ecol Prog Ser OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS FEATURE ARTICLE Use of acoustic telemetry for spatial management of southern calamary Sepioteuthis australis, a highly mobile inshore squid species Gretta T. Pecl1,*, Sean R. Tracey1, Jayson M. Semmens1, George D. Jackson2 1Tasmanian Aquaculture & Fisheries Institute, Private Bag 49, and 2Institute of Antarctic & Southern Ocean Studies, Private Bag 77, University of Tasmania, 7001 Tasmania, Australia ABSTRACT: The use of temporal and/or spatial fish- ing exclusions is a common approach in managing impacts of squid fisheries targeting spawning aggre- gations, although there are limited data for assessing closed areas as a management tool. We evaluated the degree of protection that 2 closed areas were providing to individual spawning Sepioteuthis aus- tralis and assessed the extent of exchange between these coastal regions, separated by only 25 to 32 km. VR2 acoustic receivers were placed along the bound- aries of closed areas on the east coast of Tasmania, Australia, across smaller bays within these areas, and on individual seagrass beds. Over 77 000 detection events were obtained from 46 individuals over dura- tions of up to 129 d, demonstrating that individuals spawn over several months, traveling 100s of km within the spawning areas during this time. Squid were detected at closed area boundaries; however, most were detected again on other receivers within the closed area, indicating that although squid had moved within boundary vicinities, they had not There are few data for assessment of the efficacy of closures in actually left the protected area.
    [Show full text]
  • SARDI Report Series Is an Administrative Report Series Which Has Not Been Reviewed Outside the Department and Is Not Considered Peer-Reviewed Literature
    Monitoring the relative abundance and biomass of South Australia’s Giant Cuttlefish breeding population MA Steer, S Gaylard and M Loo SARDI Publication No. F2013/000074-1 SARDI Research Report Series No. 684 FRDC TRF PROJECT NO. 2011/054 SARDI Aquatics Sciences PO Box 120 Henley Beach SA 5022 March 2013 Final Report for the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation Monitoring the relative abundance and biomass of South Australia’s Giant Cuttlefish breeding population Final Report for the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation MA Steer, S Gaylard and M Loo SARDI Publication No. F2013/000074-1 SARDI Research Report Series No. 684 FRDC TRF PROJECT NO. 2011/054 March 2013 i This publication may be cited as: Steer, M.A., Gaylard, S. and Loo, M. (2013). Monitoring the relative abundance and biomass of South Australia‟s Giant Cuttlefish breeding population. Final Report for the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation. South Australian Research and Development Institute (Aquatic Sciences), Adelaide. SARDI Publication No. F2013/000074-1. SARDI Research Report Series No. 684. 103pp. South Australian Research and Development Institute SARDI Aquatic Sciences 2 Hamra Avenue West Beach SA 5024 Telephone: (08) 8207 5400 Facsimile: (08) 8207 5406 http://www.sardi.sa.gov.au DISCLAIMER The authors warrant that they have taken all reasonable care in producing this report. The report has been through the SARDI internal review process, and has been formally approved for release by the Research Chief, Aquatic Sciences. Although all reasonable efforts have been made to ensure quality, SARDI does not warrant that the information in this report is free from errors or omissions.
    [Show full text]