Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton

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From your friends at the Homeschool Buyers Co-op Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton

Discover Antarctica with this mini study that centers around polar explorer, Sir Ernest Shackleton, the disastrous 1914 expedition of the Endurance to the Antarctic, and the incredible story of survival and heroism of Shackleton and his crew.

Visit the Shackleton100 website and use this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet we created to accompany the mini study activities below. This mini unit is best suited for upper elementary to high school students. Pick and choose which activities you wish to do with your family:

History:

1. Preview the information and video (1:15 min.) on the Shackleton100 home page to get an overview of what will be learned. Use the interactive timeline in the center of the page to learn more and see images and short video presentations of the events surrounding the Endurance expedition. 2. Select the Shackleton link in the upper menu. Watch the Sir Ernest Shackleton video (2:28 min.) and read through the text to learn about the life of Ernest Shackleton. 3. Select the Mission link in the upper menu. Read through the information. Do the Crossword puzzle in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet using what you have discovered on the Shackleton and Mission pages of the website. 4. Select the Endurance link in the upper menu. View the timeline video (0:15 sec.) at the top of this page then read through the information. Complete the Cryptograms in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet. 5. Select the Crew link in the upper menu. Watch the video presentation of the crew (1:25 min.) then do the Word Search puzzle in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet. 6. Create a timeline of Shackleton's life or the events of the Endurance expedition.

Geography:

1. Select the Antarctica link in the upper menu. Once the map loads, watch the Antarctica video by clicking the image on the map to learn more about the continent (1:47 min.) While watching the video, answer the Antarctica Geography Questions in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet, then use other resources to define the geographic terms listed. 2. Use the interactive map to explore the various locations in the virtual tour. (Each destination is a 360° image tour from Google and can take an indeterminate amount of time depending on the visitor's' curiosity.) 3. As you explore the locations on the map, Use the Match It worksheets in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet to match the location to the image. 4. Print out the map of Antarctica in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet and mark the locations listed on the map. 5. Learn more about Antarctica on Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctica

Language Arts:

1. Using the information you have acquired, choose one of the writing activities below: a. Write a summary biography about the life of Ernest Shackleton. b. Pretend that you are one of the crew members aboard the Endurance and write an imaginary journal entry about your experience. c. Create a newspaper article about what happened to the Endurance and its crew. Be sure to answer the who, what, when, where, and how questions. We have included a blank newspaper template in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet.

Math:

• Older Kids: Do the Convert Temperature worksheet in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet. • Younger kids: Do the Color the Temperature worksheet in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet.

Science:

• Do the Melting Ice Experiment located on The Chaos and the Clutter blog. There is a free Science Lab Sheet in this Mini Study: Expedition to Antarctica - Sir Ernest Shackleton Activity Packet to use to record information from your experiments. • Visit the Gulf of Maine Research Institute website to examine the changes in the ice sheets. There are also suggested activities at this site. • Play the "Science Adventures in Antarctica" printable board game found on Ellen McHenry's Basement Workshop website.

Additional Resources:

• NASA LIMA (Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica) – Information and satellite images of Antarctica • British Antarctica Survey: Discovering Antarctica – A large variety of information, images, lessons and much more • ANDRILL's Antarctica's Climate Secrets – Free downloadable activity book that includes information, images, and hands-on activities and experiments. • Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton – Website created and maintained by members of the Shackleton family. Includes biography, images, book suggestions (mostly an adult reading list), video suggestions as well as links to other recommended websites. • WikiPedia - Ernest Shackleton • Project Gutenberg: South! The Story of Shackleton's Last Expedition, 1914-1917 – Downloadable version of book written by Sir Ernest Shackleton. • LibroVox: South! The Story of Shackleton's Last Expedition, 1914-1917 – Audio version of book by Sir Ernest Shackleton.

Additional YouTube Videos:

• The Endurance: Shackleton's Legendary Antarctic Expedition (1:37:51) (Narrated by Liam Neeson) • National Geographic Creative: Survival! The Shackleton Story (26:06 min) • Sir Ernest Shackleton & The Endurance (7:55 min)

As always, please be sure to preview all of the suggested resources to be sure they are appropriate for your family.

Crossword Puzzle Shackleton100 - Antarctica

2 3

4 5 6 7

www.CrosswordWeaver.com

ACROSS 3. Expedition Shackleton led in 1908 4. Island that crew reached after 15 months of being stranded on the ice and remained until rescue 8. Robert Scott chose Shackleton to join this expedition 9. Continent that Shackleton took expeditions to 10. Name of camp set up on the ice after the Endurance sank 11. Chilean steamer that finally reached the stranded crew of the Endurance

DOWN 1. Other stranded party in the Ross Sea at the same time as the Endurance 2. Shackleton and few crew members took one of these 800 miles across the Antarctic Ocean to South Georgia 5. Ship that became stuck in ice floes and pack ice 6. Name of whaling station Shackleton reached to get help to rescue his crew 7. First to reach the South Pole in 1912

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z T B E

_ _ _A _ _ _ _E _ _O _ _ _E _ _ _A _ _ _, M C T A J O B X E I L B A O T Y B L "_ _ _E ' _ _ O_ _ _E _ O_ _ _." M C B M S E I B G E N M

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 18 26 12

_ _ _E _E _ _ _ _R _ _ _ _E 22 14 18 18 10 9 4 26 16 10 15 18 _S ______E 12 16 10 3 19 10 22 14 18 _ _E _ _ _E _ _ _S _E _. 20 18 9 9 18 1 1 12 18 16

L W A L L Y W D F T K C O J K T Q M H L N R L B O B T T Y H Y D Y F O I T B J B I J E M O N P T K B L U F E M I K B T R B L P Z S D I I M M C T M Y A R E U I D A K E M I X X L W C E N K H H C R Y M N J R I D E P O A D A C N K B D U L S N M P L N L B G Z D O C L F T K R I O B M V O Y B S F Q H E C R K C K Q O L S C U L P N V A I S N J K H T P S N A N U E M C Y T B R Z R P R I N C E T B K F R A N K H N M F E H C R T Y F R V H Z Y A W O N R O T S Y

www.WordSearchMaker.com ALF FRANK RICKY BLACKIE HOLIE SKIPPER BOB HORACE STEVE BOSS JIMMY STORNOWAY BOSUN JOCK TIM BUDDHA KRASKY TOM CHEF MACK UZBIRD CHIPPY MICKEY WALLY COLONEL PRINCE WILL CURLY PUTTY

While watching the Antarctica Video at the Shackleton100 website, answer these questions:

1. When was the continent of Antarctica discovered?

2. Which months have more than 20 hours of daylight?

3. Which months have less than an hour of daylight?

4. Who was the first man to reach the South Pole? When?

5. Who was the first woman to ski across Antarctica? When?

6. Why did Ernest Shackleton and his crew camp in tents on the ice of Antarctica for 165 days?

7. What was the coldest recorded temperature in Antarctica?

Define these terms:

1. Archipelago

2. Climate

3. Continent

4. Desert

5. Glacier

6. Ice floe

7. Ice shelf

8. Island

9. Pack ice

10. South Pole

Write the letter of location under the correct image.

A. West Point Island (Falkland Islands) H. South Pole (Antarctica) B. Right Whale Bay (South Georgia) I. Dark Sector Laboratory (Antarctica) C. Hercules Bay (South Georgia) J. Scott's Hut - Ross Island (Antarctica) D. Grytviken Whaling Station (South Georgia) K. Shackleton's Hut – Ross Island (Antarctica) E. Ernest Shackleton's Grave (South Georgia) L. Crary Science Center – Ross Island (Antarctica) F. South Georgia Museum M. Berg Field Centre - Ross Island (Antarctica) G. Half Moon Island (Antarctica)

1______2______3______

4______5______6______

7______8______9______

10______11______12______

13______

Antarctica Shackleton100 - Antarctica

a. Falkland Islands b. South Georgia c. Weddell Sea d. South Shetland Islands (Antarctica) e. South Pole (Antarctica) f. Ross Ice Shelf (Antarctica) g. Cape Royds (Shackleton's Hut – Ross Island, Antarctica)

Convert these Temperatures Shackleton100 - Antarctica (T = Temperature, C = Celsius, F = Fahrenheit)

From Celsius to Fahrenheit:

Formula: (T°C × 9/5) + 32 = T°F Ex: Convert -25° C = ?° F:

1. Multiply T X 9 2. Divide by 5 3. Add 32

-25° X 9 = -225° -225°/5 = -45° -45° + 32 = -13°F

1. 45° C = ______F

2. 15° C = ______F

3. 25° C = ______F

4. -10° C = ______F

5. -115° C = ______F

From Fahrenheit to Celsius:

Formula: (T°F − 32) × 5/9 = T°C Ex: Convert -25° F = _____ C: Subtract T - 32 Multiply by 5 Divide by 9

-22° - 32 = -54° -54° X 5 = -270° -270°/9 = -30°F

1. 59° F = ______C

2. 77° F = ______C

3. 5° F = ______C

4. -4° F = ______C

5. -13° F = ______C

40° F 84° F 12° F -10° F -32° F

20° C 12° C 32° C -10° C -32° C

Question/Purpose:

Hypothesis:

Materials: Procedure:

Observations: Observations: Observations:

Conclusion:

Word Puzzle - Keys Shackleton100 - Antarctica

U 2L 3N I M R O D I O F R 4E L 5E P H A N T 6S 7A

B N T M 8 O D I S C O V E R Y U A U O N 9A N T A R C T I C A M D A N S N P A T I E N C E 10 Y11 E L C H O S N E S

L W A L L Y W D F T K C O J K

T Q M H L N R L B O B T T Y H Y D Y F O I T B J B I J E M O N P T K B L U F E M I K B T R B L P Z S D I I M M C T M Y A R E U I D A K E M I X X L W C E N K H H C R Y M N J R I D E

P O A D A C N K B D U L S N M

P L N L B G Z D O C L F T K R

I O B M V O Y B S F Q H E C R

K C K Q O L S C U L P N V A I

S N J K H T P S N A N U E M C Y T B R Z R P R I N C E T B K

F R A N K H N M F E H C R T Y

F R V H Z Y A W O N R O T S Y

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z T G A L B S C J O I E Y M X N

_S _H _A _C _K _L _E _T _O _N _D _E _C _ L _A _R _E _D, M C T A J O B X E I L B A O T Y B L "_S _H _E ' _S _G O_ _N _E _B O_ _Y _."S M C B M S E I B G E N M

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 16 15 9 18 14 19 3 1 10 26 12 22 4 20

_T _ H _E _E _N _D _U _ R _A _N _ C _E 22 14 18 18 10 9 4 26 16 10 15 18 _S _A _N _ K _I _N _T _H _E 12 16 10 3 19 10 22 14 18 _W _ E _D _ D _ E _L _L _S _E _.A 20 18 9 9 18 1 1 12 18 16

While watching the Antarctica Video at the Shackleton100 website, answer these questions:

1. When was the continent of Antarctica discovered? 1820 2. Which months have more than 20 hours of daylight? January, February & March 3. Which months have less than an hour of daylight? May, June, July, & August 4. Who was the first man to reach the South Pole? Roald Amundsen When? 1911 5. Who was the first woman to ski across Antarctica? Felicity Aston When? 2012 6. Why did Ernest Shackleton and his crew camp in tents on the ice of Antarctica for 165 days? Their ship "Endurance" sank. 7. What was the coldest recorded temperature in Antarctica? -82° C (-115.6 F)

Define these terms: (these definitions came from the National Geographic website. You may use any resource you would like)

1. Archipelago - a group of closely scattered islands in a large body of water.

2. Climate - all weather conditions for a given location over a period of time.

3. Continent - one of the seven main land masses on Earth.

4. Desert - area of land that receives no more than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of precipitation a year.

5. Glacier - mass of ice that moves slowly over land.

6. Ice floe - floating chunk of frozen water less than 10 kilometers (6.2 miles) wide.

7. Ice shelf - mass of ice that floats on the ocean but remains attached to the coast.

8. Island - body of land surrounded by water.

9. Pack ice - large area of drift ice, or ice not attached to a shoreline.

10. South Pole - fixed point that, along with the North Pole, forms the axis on which the Earth spins.

Write the letter of location under the correct image.

A. West Point Island (Falkland Islands) 10 H. South Pole (Antarctica) 2 B. Right Whale Bay (South Georgia) 7 I. Dark Sector Laboratory (Antarctica) 13 C. Hercules Bay (South Georgia) 12 J. Scott's Hut - Ross Island (Antarctica) 9 D. Grytviken Whaling Station (South Georgia) 5 K. Shackleton's Hut – Ross Island (Antarctica) 11 E. Ernest Shackleton's Grave (South Georgia) 4 L. Crary Science Center – Ross Island (Antarctica) 3 F. South Georgia Museum 8 M. Berg Field Centre - Ross Island (Antarctica) 1 G. Half Moon Island (Antarctica) 6

1______M 2______H 3______L

4______E 5______D 6______G

7______B 8______F 9______J

10______A 11______K 12______C

13______I

Convert these Temperatures - Key Shackleton100 - Antarctica (T = Temperature, C = Celsius, F = Fahrenheit)

From Celsius to Fahrenheit:

Formula: (T°C × 9/5) + 32 = T°F Ex: Convert -25° C = ?° F:

1. Multiply T X 9 2. Divide by 5 3. Add 32

-25° X 9 = -225° -225°/5 = -45° -45° + 32 = -13°F

1. 45° C = ______F113°

2. 15° C = ______F59°

3. 25° C = ______F77°

4. -10° C = ______F14°

5. -115° C = ______F-175°

From Fahrenheit to Celsius:

Formula: (T°F − 32) × 5/9 = T°C Ex: Convert -25° F = _____ C: Subtract T - 32 Multiply by 5 Divide by 9

-22° - 32 = -54° -54° X 5 = -270° -270°/9 = -30°F

1. 95° F = ______35° C

2. 77° F = ______25° C

3. 5° F = ______-15° C

4. -4° F = ______-20° C

5. -13° F = ______35° C

d c

f g

40° F 86° F 12° F -10° F 32° F

20° C 12° C 32° C -10° C -32° C