Oct 2017 Newsletter
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SEPTEMBER 2014 OT H E D Ebn V E R S E R V ESEPTEMBERR 2014
THE DENVER OBSERVER SEPTEMBER 2014 OT h e D eBn v e r S E R V ESEPTEMBERR 2014 FROM THE INSIDE LOOKING OUT Calendar Taken on July 25th in San Luis State Park near the Great Sand Dunes in Colorado, Jeff made this image of the Milky Way during an overnight camping stop on the way to Santa Fe, NM. It was taken with a Canon 2............................. First quarter moon 60D camera, an EFS 15-85 lens, using an iOptron SkyTracker. It is a single frame, with no stacking or dark/ 8.......................................... Full moon bias frames, at ISO 1600 for two minutes. Visible in this south-facing photograph is Sagittarius, and the 14............ Aldebaran 1.4˚ south of moon Dark Horse Nebula inside of the Milky Way. He processed the image in Adobe Lightroom. Image © Jeff Tropeano 15............................ Last quarter moon 22........................... Autumnal Equinox 24........................................ New moon Inside the Observer SEPTEMBER SKIES by Dennis Cochran ygnus the Swan dives onto center stage this other famous deep-sky object is the Veil Nebula, President’s Message....................... 2 C month, almost overhead. Leading the descent also known as the Cygnus Loop, a supernova rem- is the nose of the swan, the star known as nant so large that its separate arcs were known Society Directory.......................... 2 Albireo, a beautiful multi-colored double. One and named before it was found to be one wide Schedule of Events......................... 2 wonders if Albireo has any planets from which to wisp that came out of a single star. The Veil is see the pair up-close. -
Sky Notes by Neil Bone 2005 August & September
Sky notes by Neil Bone 2005 August & September below Castor and Pollux. Mercury is soon ing June and July, it is still quite possible that Sun and Moon lost from view again, arriving at superior con- noctilucent clouds (NLC) could be seen into junction beyond the Sun on September 18. early August, particularly by observers at The Sun continues its southerly progress along Venus continues its rather unfavourable more northerly locations. Quite how late into the ecliptic, reaching the autumnal equinox showing as an ‘Evening Star’. Although it August NLC can be seen remains to be deter- position at 22h 23m Universal Time (UT = pulls out to over 40° elongation east of the mined: there have been suggestions that the GMT; BST minus 1 hour) on September 22. Sun during September, Venus is also heading visibility period has become longer in recent At that precise time, the centre of the solar southwards, and as a result its setting-time years. Observational reports will be welcomed disk is positioned at the intersection between after the Sun remains much the same − barely by the Aurora Section. the celestial equator and the ecliptic, the latter an hour − during this interval. Although bright While declining sunspot activity makes great circle on the sky being inclined by 23.5° at magnitude −4, Venus will be quite tricky major aurorae extending to lower latitudes to the former. Calendrical autumn begins at the to catch in the early twilight: viewing cir- less likely, the appearance of coronal holes equinox, but amateur astronomers might more cumstances don’t really improve until the in the latter parts of the cycle does bring the readily follow meteorological timing, wherein closing weeks of 2005. -
A Basic Requirement for Studying the Heavens Is Determining Where In
Abasic requirement for studying the heavens is determining where in the sky things are. To specify sky positions, astronomers have developed several coordinate systems. Each uses a coordinate grid projected on to the celestial sphere, in analogy to the geographic coordinate system used on the surface of the Earth. The coordinate systems differ only in their choice of the fundamental plane, which divides the sky into two equal hemispheres along a great circle (the fundamental plane of the geographic system is the Earth's equator) . Each coordinate system is named for its choice of fundamental plane. The equatorial coordinate system is probably the most widely used celestial coordinate system. It is also the one most closely related to the geographic coordinate system, because they use the same fun damental plane and the same poles. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere is called the celestial equator. Similarly, projecting the geographic poles on to the celest ial sphere defines the north and south celestial poles. However, there is an important difference between the equatorial and geographic coordinate systems: the geographic system is fixed to the Earth; it rotates as the Earth does . The equatorial system is fixed to the stars, so it appears to rotate across the sky with the stars, but of course it's really the Earth rotating under the fixed sky. The latitudinal (latitude-like) angle of the equatorial system is called declination (Dec for short) . It measures the angle of an object above or below the celestial equator. The longitud inal angle is called the right ascension (RA for short). -
Sky & Telescope
Eclipse from the See Sirius B: The Nearest Spot the Other EDGE OF SPACE p. 66 WHITE DWARF p. 30 BLUE PLANETS p. 50 THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO ASTRONOMY What Put the Bang in the Big Bang p. 22 Telescope Alignment Made Easy p. 64 Explore the Nearby Milky Way p. 32 How to Draw the Moon p. 54 OCTOBER 2013 Cosmic Gold Rush Racing to fi nd exploding stars p. 16 Visit SkyandTelescope.com Download Our Free SkyWeek App FC Oct2013_J.indd 1 8/2/13 2:47 PM “I can’t say when I’ve ever enjoyed owning anything more than my Tele Vue products.” — R.C, TX Tele Vue-76 Why Are Tele Vue Products So Good? Because We Aim to Please! For over 30-years we’ve created eyepieces and telescopes focusing on a singular target; deliver a cus- tomer experience “...even better than you imagined.” Eyepieces with wider, sharper fields of view so you see more at any power, Rich-field refractors with APO performance so you can enjoy Andromeda as well as Jupiter in all their splendor. Tele Vue products complement each other to pro- vide an observing experience as exquisite in performance as it is enjoyable and effortless. And how do we score with our valued customers? Judging by superlatives like: “in- credible, truly amazing, awesome, fantastic, beautiful, work of art, exceeded expectations by a mile, best quality available, WOW, outstanding, uncom- NP101 f/5.4 APO refractor promised, perfect, gorgeous” etc., BULLSEYE! See these superlatives in with 110° Ethos-SX eye- piece shown on their original warranty card context at TeleVue.com/comments. -
Patrick Moore's Practical Astronomy Series
Patrick Moore’s Practical Astronomy Series Other Titles in this Series Navigating the Night Sky Astronomy of the Milky Way How to Identify the Stars and The Observer’s Guide to the Constellations Southern/Northern Sky Parts 1 and 2 Guilherme de Almeida hardcover set Observing and Measuring Visual Mike Inglis Double Stars Astronomy of the Milky Way Bob Argyle (Ed.) Part 1: Observer’s Guide to the Observing Meteors, Comets, Supernovae Northern Sky and other transient Phenomena Mike Inglis Neil Bone Astronomy of the Milky Way Human Vision and The Night Sky Part 2: Observer’s Guide to the How to Improve Your Observing Skills Southern Sky Michael P. Borgia Mike Inglis How to Photograph the Moon and Planets Observing Comets with Your Digital Camera Nick James and Gerald North Tony Buick Telescopes and Techniques Practical Astrophotography An Introduction to Practical Astronomy Jeffrey R. Charles Chris Kitchin Pattern Asterisms Seeing Stars A New Way to Chart the Stars The Night Sky Through Small Telescopes John Chiravalle Chris Kitchin and Robert W. Forrest Deep Sky Observing Photo-guide to the Constellations The Astronomical Tourist A Self-Teaching Guide to Finding Your Steve R. Coe Way Around the Heavens Chris Kitchin Visual Astronomy in the Suburbs A Guide to Spectacular Viewing Solar Observing Techniques Antony Cooke Chris Kitchin Visual Astronomy Under Dark Skies How to Observe the Sun Safely A New Approach to Observing Deep Space Lee Macdonald Antony Cooke The Sun in Eclipse Real Astronomy with Small Telescopes Sir Patrick Moore and Michael Maunder Step-by-Step Activities for Discovery Transit Michael K. -
Open Clusters
Open Clusters Open clusters (also known as galactic clusters) are of tremendous importance to the science of astronomy, if not to astrophysics and cosmology generally. Star clusters serve as the "laboratories" of astronomy, with stars now all at nearly the same distance and all created at essentially the same time. Each cluster thus is a running experiment, where we can observe the effects of composition, age, and environment. We are hobbled by seeing only a snapshot in time of each cluster, but taken collectively we can understand their evolution, and that of their included stars. These clusters are also important tracers of the Milky Way and other parent galaxies. They help us to understand their current structure and derive theories of the creation and evolution of galaxies. Just as importantly, starting from just the Hyades and the Pleiades, and then going to more distance clusters, open clusters serve to define the distance scale of the Milky Way, and from there all other galaxies and the entire universe. However, there is far more to the study of star clusters than that. Anyone who has looked at a cluster through a telescope or binoculars has realized that these are objects of immense beauty and symmetry. Whether a cluster like the Pleiades seen with delicate beauty with the unaided eye or in a small telescope or binoculars, or a cluster like NGC 7789 whose thousands of stars are seen with overpowering wonder in a large telescope, open clusters can only bring awe and amazement to the viewer. These sights are available to all. -
And – Objektauswahl NGC Teil 1
And – Objektauswahl NGC Teil 1 NGC 5 NGC 49 NGC 79 NGC 97 NGC 184 NGC 233 NGC 389 NGC 531 Teil 1 NGC 11 NGC 51 NGC 80 NGC 108 NGC 205 NGC 243 NGC 393 NGC 536 NGC 13 NGC 67 NGC 81 NGC 109 NGC 206 NGC 252 NGC 404 NGC 542 Teil 2 NGC 19 NGC 68 NGC 83 NGC 112 NGC 214 NGC 258 NGC 425 NGC 551 NGC 20 NGC 69 NGC 85 NGC 140 NGC 218 NGC 260 NGC 431 NGC 561 NGC 27 NGC 70 NGC 86 NGC 149 NGC 221 NGC 262 NGC 477 NGC 562 NGC 29 NGC 71 NGC 90 NGC 160 NGC 224 NGC 272 NGC 512 NGC 573 NGC 39 NGC 72 NGC 93 NGC 169 NGC 226 NGC 280 NGC 523 NGC 590 NGC 43 NGC 74 NGC 94 NGC 181 NGC 228 NGC 304 NGC 528 NGC 591 NGC 48 NGC 76 NGC 96 NGC 183 NGC 229 NGC 317 NGC 529 NGC 605 Sternbild- Zur Objektauswahl: Nummer anklicken Übersicht Zur Übersichtskarte: Objekt in Aufsuchkarte anklicken Zum Detailfoto: Objekt in Übersichtskarte anklicken And – Objektauswahl NGC Teil 2 NGC 620 NGC 709 NGC 759 NGC 891 NGC 923 NGC 1000 NGC 7440 NGC 7836 Teil 1 NGC 662 NGC 710 NGC 797 NGC 898 NGC 933 NGC 7445 NGC 668 NGC 712 NGC 801 NGC 906 NGC 937 NGC 7446 Teil 2 NGC 679 NGC 714 NGC 812 NGC 909 NGC 946 NGC 7449 NGC 687 NGC 717 NGC 818 NGC 910 NGC 956 NGC 7618 NGC 700 NGC 721 NGC 828 NGC 911 NGC 980 NGC 7640 NGC 703 NGC 732 NGC 834 NGC 912 NGC 982 NGC 7662 NGC 704 NGC 746 NGC 841 NGC 913 NGC 995 NGC 7686 NGC 705 NGC 752 NGC 845 NGC 914 NGC 996 NGC 7707 NGC 708 NGC 753 NGC 846 NGC 920 NGC 999 NGC 7831 Sternbild- Zur Objektauswahl: Nummer anklicken Übersicht Zur Übersichtskarte: Objekt in Aufsuchkarte anklicken Zum Detailfoto: Objekt in Übersichtskarte anklicken Auswahl And SternbildübersichtAnd -
Macrocosmo Nº33
HA MAIS DE DOIS ANOS DIFUNDINDO A ASTRONOMIA EM LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA K Y . v HE iniacroCOsmo.com SN 1808-0731 Ano III - Edição n° 33 - Agosto de 2006 * t i •■•'• bSÈlÈWW-'^Sif J fé . ’ ' w s » ws» ■ ' v> í- < • , -N V Í ’\ * ' "fc i 1 7 í l ! - 4 'T\ i V ■ }'- ■t i' ' % r ! ■ 7 ji; ■ 'Í t, ■ ,T $ -f . 3 j i A 'A ! : 1 l 4/ í o dia que o ceu explodiu! t \ Constelação de Andrômeda - Parte II Desnudando a princesa acorrentada £ Dicas Digitais: Softwares e afins, ATM, cursos online e publicações eletrônicas revista macroCOSMO .com Ano III - Edição n° 33 - Agosto de I2006 Editorial Além da órbita de Marte está o cinturão de asteróides, uma região povoada com Redação o material que restou da formação do Sistema Solar. Longe de serem chamados como simples pedras espaciais, os asteróides são objetos rochosos e/ou metálicos, [email protected] sem atmosfera, que estão em órbita do Sol, mas são pequenos demais para serem considerados como planetas. Até agora já foram descobertos mais de 70 Diretor Editor Chefe mil asteróides, a maior parte situados no cinturão de asteróides entre as órbitas Hemerson Brandão de Marte e Júpiter. [email protected] Além desse cinturão podemos encontrar pequenos grupos de asteróides isolados chamados de Troianos que compartilham a mesma órbita de Júpiter. Existem Editora Científica também aqueles que possuem órbitas livres, como é o caso de Hidalgo, Apolo e Walkiria Schulz Ícaro. [email protected] Quando um desses asteróides cruza a nossa órbita temos as crateras de impacto. A maior cratera visível de nosso planeta é a Meteor Crater, com cerca de 1 km de Diagramadores diâmetro e 600 metros de profundidade. -
Observer's Handbook 1989
OBSERVER’S HANDBOOK 1 9 8 9 EDITOR: ROY L. BISHOP THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA CONTRIBUTORS AND ADVISORS Alan H. B atten, Dominion Astrophysical Observatory, 5071 W . Saanich Road, Victoria, BC, Canada V8X 4M6 (The Nearest Stars). L a r r y D. B o g a n , Department of Physics, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada B0P 1X0 (Configurations of Saturn’s Satellites). Terence Dickinson, Yarker, ON, Canada K0K 3N0 (The Planets). D a v id W. D u n h a m , International Occultation Timing Association, 7006 Megan Lane, Greenbelt, MD 20770, U.S.A. (Lunar and Planetary Occultations). A lan Dyer, A lister Ling, Edmonton Space Sciences Centre, 11211-142 St., Edmonton, AB, Canada T5M 4A1 (Messier Catalogue, Deep-Sky Objects). Fred Espenak, Planetary Systems Branch, NASA-Goddard Space Flight Centre, Greenbelt, MD, U.S.A. 20771 (Eclipses and Transits). M a r ie F i d l e r , 23 Lyndale Dr., Willowdale, ON, Canada M2N 2X9 (Observatories and Planetaria). Victor Gaizauskas, J. W. D e a n , Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6 (Solar Activity). R o b e r t F. G a r r i s o n , David Dunlap Observatory, University of Toronto, Box 360, Richmond Hill, ON, Canada L4C 4Y6 (The Brightest Stars). Ian H alliday, Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6 (Miscellaneous Astronomical Data). W illiam H erbst, Van Vleck Observatory, Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT, U.S.A. 06457 (Galactic Nebulae). Ja m e s T. H im e r, 339 Woodside Bay S.W., Calgary, AB, Canada, T2W 3K9 (Galaxies). -
Cygnus X-1 = V1357 Cygni Röntgendoppelstern, Mikroquasar Und Schwarzes Loch
Cygnus X-1 = V1357 Cygni Röntgendoppelstern, Mikroquasar und Schwarzes Loch Wolfgang Vollmann Wo ist das der Erde nächste Schwarze Loch? Es ist möglicherweise das System Cygnus X-1 in 6.000 Lichtjahren Entfernung am Ort 19h58m22s +35°12' (2000.0), beim Hals des Sternbilds Schwan, nicht weit von Eta Cygni (η Cyg). Im kleinen Fernrohr ist 26' ostnordöstlich von η Cyg ein Stern mit 8,8 mag sichtbar. Er ist im visuellen Spektralbereich ein klein wenig veränderlich um weniger als 0,1 mag und hat die Veränderlichen-Bezeichnung V1357 Cygni erhalten [1]. Dieser sehr heiße leuchtkräftige O-Stern (Spektraltyp O9.7 Iab) bildet mit einem extrem kompakten Objekt, dem wahrscheinlichen Schwarzen Loch, ein Doppelsystem, wobei sich die beiden Objekte in 5,6 Tagen umkreisen. Eine visuelle Beobachtung von V1357 Cygni ist mit einem kleinen Fernrohr gut möglich. Ab etwa 20-facher Vergrößerung ist der Stern auch gut getrennt vom 55 Bogensekunden nördlich stehen Stern mit 9,9 mag zu sehen, der ebenfalls etwas veränderlich ist (V1674 Cygni, unbekannter Typ, Helligkeitsänderungen kleiner als 0,1 mag). Der Begleiter macht visuelle Helligkeitsschätzungen von V1357 Cygni schwieriger. Bild 1: V1357 Cygni = Cyg X-1. Aufnahme 2015 Nov 12, 19:15 UT, Bildfeld 3 x 2,5 Grad, Norden ist oben. Der helle Stern rechts neben dem markierten Objekt ist der mit freiem Auge sichtbare Stern Eta Cygni (η Cyg, 3,9 mag), Wolfgang Vollmann Bild 2: V1357 Cygni = Cyg X-1(Bildmitte, markiert). Aufnahme aus dem DSS Digital Sky Survey. Der helle Stern rechts ist Eta Cygni. Das nebelige Objekt links ist der Emissionsnebel Sh2-101 Cygnus X-1 ist ein gut untersuchtes System mit zur Zeit mehr als 3000 in Simbad zitierten Fachartikeln [2]. -
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iÁSZATI w m Gondolat CSILLAGÁSZATI ÉVKÖNYV CSILLAGÁSZATI ÉVKÖNYV az 1986. évre Szerkesztette: a TIT csillagászati és űrkutatási szakosztályainak országos választmánya az Eötvös Loránd Fizikai Társulat csillagászati csoportjának és a MTESZ központi asztronautikai szakosztályának közreműködésével GONDOLAT • BUDAPEST, 1985 Címképünkön: az Orion-vidék infravörös képe ,í'*0a N V , flől.ÉLiW S t ISSN 0526—233 X © Gondolat Könyvkiadó, 1985 Tartalom I. Csillagászati adatok az 1986. évre............................................. 7 A Nap és a Hold kelte és fontosabb adatai.............................. 8 A Nap forgási tengelyének helyzete és a napkorong közép pontjának heliografikus koordinátái (0h világidőkor)......... 34 Bolygókorongok megvilágítása és a Szaturnusz gyűrűje......... 35 A szabad szemmel látható bolygók adatai................................ 36 A bolygók heliocentrikus ekliptikái koordinátái O11 világidőkor 44 A Jupiter-holdak helyzete (világidőben).................................... 46 A Mars és a Jupiter centrálmeridiánjának planetografikus hosszúsága...................................................................................... 64 Csillagkatalógus (magnitúdóhatár 4^0)....................................... 67 Magyarázat a táblázatokhoz.......................................................... 76 A csillagos ég 1986-ban................................................................... 78 II. Beszámolók.................................................................................... 95 Szeidl Béla: Az MTA Csillagászati -
Kompakte Objekte Des Himmels
Kompakte Objekte des Himmels von Dr. Andreas Muller¨ April 2007 Einleitung Sternentwicklung Gravitation formt einen neuen Stern Das Ende von Sternen Auswahl kompakter Objekte Buchtipp 1 Einleitung Als kompakte Objekte bezeichnet man in der Astrophysik sternartige Objekte, die ungew¨ohnlich hohe Materiedichten aufweisen. Der Schwellwert liegt bei etwa einer Million g/cm3. Ein Kubikzentimeterwurfel¨ dieser kompakten Materie wiegt mindestens eine Tonne! 2 Sternentwicklung Auch wenn es bei einem Blick an den Nachthimmel nicht den Anschein hat: Sterne entwickeln sich, d. h. sie ver¨andern ihren Zustand, z. B. ihre Gr¨oße oder ihre Leuchtkraft. Die typische 1 3 Gravitation formt einen neuen Stern Entwicklungszeitskala betr¨agt allerdings je nach Stern Millionen bis Milliarden Jahre. Da dies das Lebensalter des Menschen bei weitem uberschreitet,¨ bemerken wir die Sternentwicklung nicht unmittelbar. Die Astronomen haben allerdings durch viele Beobachtungen uber¨ Jahrhunderte in der Stellarastronomie Einblicke in sehr unterschiedliche Sternstadien erhalten. Zwar k¨onnen sie kaum die Entwicklung an ein und demselben Stern verfolgen, aber sie k¨onnen die verschiedenen, beobachteten Sterne zueinander in Bezug setzen. Wie das geschehen soll, diktiert die Physik. Immer komplexere Modelle in der Stellarphysik haben so ein sehr facettenreiches Bild von der Sternentwicklung entworfen. Diese Theorie besagt, dass Sterne entstehen und fruher¨ oder sp¨ater starken Ver¨anderungen ausgesetzt sind. Die entscheidende Zustandsgr¨oße ist dabei die Masse des Sterns. Sie bestimmt, welche thermonuklearen Brennzyklen der Stern durchl¨auft, d. h. welche chemischen Elemente der Stern produzieren kann. Die Masse bestimmt auch das Schicksal des Sterns. In der Regel steht am Ende ein bestimmter Typus eines kompakten Objekts. 3 Gravitation formt einen neuen Stern Die treibende Kraft, die kompakte Objekte erzeugt, ist die Gravitation.