Fall of Rome
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A75D/A75DE SCR Filtered Battery Charger/Eliminator Single Phase
La Marche Manufacturing Company | www.lamarchemfg.com A75D/A75DE SCR Filtered Battery Charger/Eliminator Single Phase Installation and Operation Manual 106 Bradrock Dr. Des Plaines 60018 -1967 Instruction Drawing Number: P25 -LA75D -A75DE -1 Tel: 847 299 1188 Fax: 847 299 3061 Revision A07 Rev. Date: 7/12 ECN: 19609 Important Safety Instructions Before using this equipment read all manuals and other documents related to this unit and other equipment connected to this unit. Always have a copy of a units manual on file nearby, in a safe place; if a replacement copy of a manual is needed it can be found at the www.lamarchemfg.com. Electrical Safety WARNING: Hazardous Voltages are present at the input of power systems. The output from rectifiers and from batteries may be low in voltage, but can have a very high current capacity that may cause severe or even fatal injury. When working with any live battery or power system, follow these precautions: • Never work alone on any live power system, someone should always be close enough to come to your aid • Remove personal metal items such as rings, bracelets, necklaces, and watches. • Wear complete eye protection (with side shields) and clothing protection. • Always wear gloves and use insulated hand tools. WARNING: Lethal Voltages are present within the power system. Parts inside the unit may still be energized even when the unit has been disconnected from the AC input power. Check with a meter before proceeding. Do not touch any uninsulated parts. • A licensed electrician should be used in the installation of any unit. -
The Edictum Theoderici: a Study of a Roman Legal Document from Ostrogothic Italy
The Edictum Theoderici: A Study of a Roman Legal Document from Ostrogothic Italy By Sean D.W. Lafferty A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto © Copyright by Sean D.W. Lafferty 2010 The Edictum Theoderici: A Study of a Roman Legal Document from Ostrogothic Italy Sean D.W. Lafferty Doctor of Philosophy Department of History University of Toronto 2010 Abstract This is a study of a Roman legal document of unknown date and debated origin conventionally known as the Edictum Theoderici (ET). Comprised of 154 edicta, or provisions, in addition to a prologue and epilogue, the ET is a significant but largely overlooked document for understanding the institutions of Roman law, legal administration and society in the West from the fourth to early sixth century. The purpose is to situate the text within its proper historical and legal context, to understand better the processes involved in the creation of new law in the post-Roman world, as well as to appreciate how the various social, political and cultural changes associated with the end of the classical world and the beginning of the Middle Ages manifested themselves in the domain of Roman law. It is argued here that the ET was produced by a group of unknown Roman jurisprudents working under the instructions of the Ostrogothic king Theoderic the Great (493-526), and was intended as a guide for settling disputes between the Roman and Ostrogothic inhabitants of Italy. A study of its contents in relation to earlier Roman law and legal custom preserved in imperial decrees and juristic commentaries offers a revealing glimpse into how, and to what extent, Roman law survived and evolved in Italy following the decline and eventual collapse of imperial authority in the region. -
The Cambridge Companion to Age of Constantine.Pdf
The Cambridge Companion to THE AGE OF CONSTANTINE S The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine offers students a com- prehensive one-volume introduction to this pivotal emperor and his times. Richly illustrated and designed as a readable survey accessible to all audiences, it also achieves a level of scholarly sophistication and a freshness of interpretation that will be welcomed by the experts. The volume is divided into five sections that examine political history, reli- gion, social and economic history, art, and foreign relations during the reign of Constantine, a ruler who gains in importance because he steered the Roman Empire on a course parallel with his own personal develop- ment. Each chapter examines the intimate interplay between emperor and empire and between a powerful personality and his world. Collec- tively, the chapters show how both were mutually affected in ways that shaped the world of late antiquity and even affect our own world today. Noel Lenski is Associate Professor of Classics at the University of Colorado, Boulder. A specialist in the history of late antiquity, he is the author of numerous articles on military, political, cultural, and social history and the monograph Failure of Empire: Valens and the Roman State in the Fourth Century ad. Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007 Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007 The Cambridge Companion to THE AGE OF CONSTANTINE S Edited by Noel Lenski University of Colorado Cambridge Collections Online © Cambridge University Press, 2007 cambridge university press Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao˜ Paulo Cambridge University Press 40 West 20th Street, New York, ny 10011-4211, usa www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521818384 c Cambridge University Press 2006 This publication is in copyright. -
The Importance of Athanasius and the Views of His Character
The Importance of Athanasius and the Views of His Character J. Steven Davis Submitted to Dr. Jerry Sutton School of Divinity Liberty University September 19, 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter I: Research Proposal Abstract .............................................................................................................................11 Background ......................................................................................................................11 Limitations ........................................................................................................................18 Method of Research .........................................................................................................19 Thesis Statement ..............................................................................................................21 Outline ...............................................................................................................................21 Bibliography .....................................................................................................................27 Chapter II: Background of Athanasius An Influential Figure .......................................................................................................33 Early Life ..........................................................................................................................33 Arian Conflict ...................................................................................................................36 -
Land and Natural Resources in the Roman World Brussels, 2011, Thu
Roman Society Research Center International conference Land and natural resources in the Roman World Brussels, 2011, Thu. 26th – Sat. 28th May Introduction In comparison with other pre-modern empires, the economic performance of the Roman Empire (ca. 200 B.C. – A.D. 600) is impressive: not only were living standards raised for the population at large, but the empire also showed strong resilience and the ability to overcome economic crises. In order to explain this remarkable success, recent work in Roman economic history has placed particular stress on the analysis of economic performance. Yet the economic foundation of any pre-industrial society, namely agriculture and natural resource exploitation, has not yet received the attention it deserves, notwithstanding some important recent work by scholars such as Kehoe, Erdkamp, and Banaji. The conference ‘Land and natural resources’, to be held in Brussel on May 26th-Sat. 28th, aims at studying in detail the varied ways in which the Romans exploited their land and natural resources, how they reflected on these usages, and how this contributed to the economic development of the empire. We are interested not in performance per se, but in the structures that made this performance possible. Exploitation of land and natural resources’ should be understood in a broad sense, ranging from the exploitation of uncultivated lands (e.g. hunting and gathering), techniques to bring new land under cultivation, all types of farming, mining and quarrying, to the harnessing of the power of wind and water -
The End of Local Magistrates in the Roman Empire
The end of local magistrates in the Roman Empire Leonard A. CURCHIN University of Waterloo, Canadá [email protected] Recibido: 15 de julio de 2013 Aceptado: 10 de diciembre de 2013 ABSTRACT Previous studies of the status of local magistrates in the Late Empire are unsatisfying and fail to explain when and why local magistracies ended. With the aid of legal, epigraphic, papyrological and literary sources, the author re-examines the functions and chronology of both regular and quasi-magistrates, among them the curator, defensor and pater civitatis. He finds that the expense of office-holding was only part of the reason for the extinction of regular magistracies. More critical was the failure of local magistrates to control finances and protect the plebeians. Key words: Cursus honorum. Late Roman Empire. Roman administration. Roman cities. Roman gov- ernment. Roman magistrates. El fin de los magistrados locales en el Imperio romano RESUMEN Los estudios previos relativos a la condición de los magistrados locales durante el Bajo Imperio son poco satisfactorios, porque dejan sin aclarar cuándo y cómo se extinguieron las magistraturas locales. Con ayuda de fuentes jurídicas, epigráficas, papirológicas y literarias, el autor examina de nuevo las funciones y la cronología de magistrados regulares y cuasi-magistrados, como el curator, el defensor y el pater civitatis. Se considera que los gastos aparejados a los cargos públicos explican sólo en parte la extinción de las magistraturas regulares; más crucial fue, en este sentido, el hecho de que los magistra- dos locales de este período fallasen a la hora de restringir los gastos o de proteger a los plebeyos. -
The Ancient People of Italy Before the Rise of Rome, Italy Was a Patchwork
The Ancient People of Italy Before the rise of Rome, Italy was a patchwork of different cultures. Eventually they were all subsumed into Roman culture, but the cultural uniformity of Roman Italy erased what had once been a vast array of different peoples, cultures, languages, and civilizations. All these cultures existed before the Roman conquest of the Italian Peninsula, and unfortunately we know little about any of them before they caught the attention of Greek and Roman historians. Aside from a few inscriptions, most of what we know about the native people of Italy comes from Greek and Roman sources. Still, this information, combined with archaeological and linguistic information, gives us some idea about the peoples that once populated the Italian Peninsula. Italy was not isolated from the outside world, and neighboring people had much impact on its population. There were several foreign invasions of Italy during the period leading up to the Roman conquest that had important effects on the people of Italy. First there was the invasion of Alexander I of Epirus in 334 BC, which was followed by that of Pyrrhus of Epirus in 280 BC. Hannibal of Carthage invaded Italy during the Second Punic War (218–203 BC) with the express purpose of convincing Rome’s allies to abandon her. After the war, Rome rearranged its relations with many of the native people of Italy, much influenced by which peoples had remained loyal and which had supported their Carthaginian enemies. The sides different peoples took in these wars had major impacts on their destinies. In 91 BC, many of the peoples of Italy rebelled against Rome in the Social War. -
The Monumental Villa at Palazzi Di Casignana and the Roman Elite in Calabria (Italy) During the Fourth Century AD
The Monumental Villa at Palazzi di Casignana and the Roman Elite in Calabria (Italy) during the Fourth Century AD. by Maria Gabriella Bruni A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Classical Archaeology in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Committee in Charge Professor Christopher H. Hallett, Chair Professor Ronald S. Stroud Professor Anthony W. Bulloch Professor Carlos F. Noreña Fall 2009 The Monumental Villa at Palazzi di Casignana and the Roman Elite in Calabria (Italy) during the Fourth Century AD. Copyright 2009 Maria Gabriella Bruni Dedication To my parents, Ken and my children. i AKNOWLEDGMENTS I am extremely grateful to my advisor Professor Christopher H. Hallett and to the other members of my dissertation committee. Their excellent guidance and encouragement during the major developments of this dissertation, and the whole course of my graduate studies, were crucial and precious. I am also thankful to the Superintendence of the Archaeological Treasures of Reggio Calabria for granting me access to the site of the Villa at Palazzi di Casignana and its archaeological archives. A heartfelt thank you to the Superintendent of Locri Claudio Sabbione and to Eleonora Grillo who have introduced me to the villa and guided me through its marvelous structures. Lastly, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my husband Ken, my sister Sonia, Michael Maldonado, my children, my family and friends. Their love and support were essential during my graduate -
Knowledge Summary Series: 360-Degree Assessment
Knowledge Summary Series: 360-Degree Assessment Robert W. Eichinger, Michael M. Lombardo, Lominger Limited, Inc. he common thread of the three short pieces tions, its deficiencies—and how to overcome them— that make up this article is assessment. We should be well-understood. In a cautionary mode, assess ourselves. We ask others to give us the second piece explores whether sharing 360 their assessments. And we welcome {or at assessments is good practice. Next comes assess- Tleast tolerate) boss assessments. All for the purpose ments of strengths and weaknesses, and where to of perfortnance improvement, development, and focus development efforts. Much has been written getting ahead. about concentrating on strengths. Here, the dangers The research presented here first looks into whether of overemphasizing strengths are exposed and an self-assessment is accurate or even important. argument made for balance: enhancing strengths but Because self-rating is commonly used in organiza- working on or around weaknesses. 34 HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING The Dynamics and Value of Do Self-Ratings Relate to Anything of Self-Ratings Importance? Who Is Right? The question here is who is most right? Self-rating is a common HR practice. Almost Whether self-ratings agree with those of others all 36(}s. many performance appraisal processes, (they do not) begs the question of who is more and some competency sy.stems include a self-rat- accurate. Self-ratings might relate to performance ing component. Many development programs or promotion better than those of others. Shouldn't allow people to self-insert based upon self-evalua- the self know the self best? tion. -
Quod Omnium Nationum Exterarum Princeps Sicilia
Quod omnium nationum exterarum princeps Sicilia A reappraisal of the socio-economic history of Sicily under the Roman Republic, 241-44 B.C. Master’s thesis Tom Grijspaardt 4012658 RMA Ancient, Medieval and Renaissance Studies Track: Ancient Studies Utrecht University Thesis presented: June 20th 2017 Supervisor: prof. dr. L.V. Rutgers Second reader: dr. R. Strootman Contents Introduction 4 Aims and Motivation 4 Structure 6 Chapter I: Establishing a methodological and interpretative framework 7 I.1. Historiography, problems and critical analysis 7 I.1a.The study of ancient economies 7 I.1b. The study of Republican Sicily 17 I.1c. Recent developments 19 I.2. Methodological framework 22 I.2a. Balance of the sources 22 I.2b. Re-embedding the economy 24 I.3. Interpretative framework 26 I.3a. Food and ideology 27 I.3b. Mechanisms of non-market exchange 29 I.3c. The plurality of ancient economies 32 I.4. Conclusion 38 Chapter II. Archaeology of the Economy 40 II.1. Preliminaries 40 II.1a. On survey archaeology 40 II.1b. Selection of case-studies 41 II.2. The Carthaginian West 43 II.2a. Segesta 43 II.2b. Iatas 45 II.2c. Heraclea Minoa 47 II.2d. Lilybaeum 50 II.3. The Greek East 53 II.3a. Centuripe 53 II.3b. Tyndaris 56 II.3c. Morgantina 60 II.3d. Halasea 61 II.4. Agriculture 64 II.4a. Climate and agricultural stability 64 II.4b. On crops and yields 67 II.4c. On productivity and animals 70 II.5. Non-agricultural production and commerce 72 II.6. Conclusion 74 Chapter III. -
7 the Roman Empire
Eli J. S. Weaverdyck 7 The Roman Empire I Introduction The Roman Empire was one of the largest and longest lasting of all the empires in the ancient world.1 At its height, it controlled the entire coast of the Mediterranean and vast continental hinterlands, including most of western Europe and Great Brit- ain, the Balkans, all of Asia Minor, the Near East as far as the Euphrates (and be- yond, briefly), and northern Africa as far south as the Sahara. The Mediterranean, known to the Romans as mare nostrum(‘our sea’), formed the core. The Mediterranean basin is characterized by extreme variability across both space and time. Geologically, the area is a large subduction zone between the African and European tectonic plates. This not only produces volcanic and seismic activity, it also means that the most commonly encountered bedrock is uplifted limestone, which is easily eroded by water. Much of the coastline is mountainous with deep river valleys. This rugged topography means that even broadly similar climatic conditions can pro- duce drastically dissimilar microclimates within very short distances. In addition, strong interannual variability in precipitation means that local food shortages were an endemic feature of Mediterranean agriculture. In combination, this temporal and spatial variability meant that risk-buffering mechanisms including diversification, storage, and distribution of goods played an important role in ancient Mediterranean survival strategies. Connectivity has always characterized the Mediterranean.2 While geography encouraged mobility, the empire accelerated that tendency, inducing the transfer of people, goods, and ideas on a scale never seen before.3 This mobility, combined with increased demand and the efforts of the imperial govern- ment to mobilize specific products, led to the rise of broad regional specializations, particularly in staple foods and precious metals.4 The results of this increased con- It has also been the subject of more scholarship than any other empire treated in this volume. -
Undergraduate Catalog 2002 – 2004
HUNTER COLLEGE UNDERGRADUATE CATALOG 2002 – 2004 www.hunter.cuny.edu The City University of Hunter College of New York The City University of New York Board of Trustees Jennifer J. Raab, MA, JD President Benno C. Schmidt, Jr. Vice Chairman Richard Pizer, PhD Provost and Vice President Valerie Lancaster Beal for Academic Affairs Rev. John S. Bonnici, S.T.D. Leonard Zinnanti, MBA John J. Calandra Acting Vice President for Administration Wellington Z. Chen Eija Ayravainen, MA Kenneth E. Cook Acting Vice President for Student Affairs and Alfred B. Curtis, Jr. Dean of Students Joseph J. Lhota Judith Friedlander, PhD Acting Dean of the School of Arts and Sciences Randy M. Mastro Laurie N. Sherwen, PhD Hugo M. Morales Dean of the Schools of the Health Professions Kathleen M. Pesile Bogart R. Leashore, PhD Carol Robles-Roman Dean of the School of Social Work Nilda Soto Ruiz David J. Hodges, PhD Marc V. Shaw Acting Dean of the School of Education Jeffrey S. Wiesenfeld L. Michael Griffel, PhD Acting Associate Provost Richard J. Nunez-Lawrence (ex-officio) John J. Brundage, BA Susan O’Malley (ex-officio) Acting Executive Director of Development Genevieve Mullin Linda T. Chin, JD Secretary Dean of Staff and Faculty Relations/ Special Counsel to the President Frederick P. Schaffer General Counsel and Vice Chancellor for Laura Schachter, JD Legal Affairs Special Assistant to the President for Campus Relations and Dean for Diversity and Compliance Central Administration Matthew Goldstein Chancellor Allan Dobrin Senior Vice Chancellor and Chief Operating Officer Jay Hershenson Vice Chancellor for University Relations Otis O.