What Is Metadata?

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What is Metadata? Data that provides information about other data. Information that is generated as you use technology and that lets you know the who, what, where, when and how of a variety of activities. - Where does it come from? - - - - - - Pages visited and when - Cookies and cached data from websites - Phone number of caller - Duration of call - User data and possibly user login details with auto-fill features - Your search queries - Phone number(s)called - Location of each - URLs - Results that appeared in searches - Unique serial numbers of participant - Your IP address, internet service provider, device hardware - Pages you visit from search phones involved - Telephone calling card details, operating system and browser version - Your name and profile biographical information Making a phone call - Time of call numbers Internet Browsing including birthday, hometown, work history and interests - Sender's name, email and IP address - Content type and encoding - Your username and unique identifier - When you created your account - Recipient's name and email address - Mail client login records with IP address - Your subscriptions - Tweet's location, date, time and time zone - Server transfer information - Mail client header formats - Your location - Tweet's unique ID and ID of tweet replied to - Date, time and timezone - Priority and categories - Your device - Contributor IDs - Unique identifier of email and related emails - Subject of email - Activity date, time and time zone - Your followers, following and favorite count - Status of the email - Your activities, “likes”, check-ins and events - Your verification status (Message-ID) Social Networking Sending an E-mail - - Read receipt request - Language - Application sending the tweet - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - What can it reveal? - And so... Metadata is... “Arguably more revealing [than content] because it’s actually much In many cases, courts have recognized that easier to analyze the patterns in a large universe of metadata and metadata can reveal much about an correlate them with real-world events than it is to go through a semantic analysis of all of someone’s email and all of someone’s telephone calls.” individual and deserves privacy protection, - - - - - - - - - - - - - - while recognizing that context matters. - Daniel Weitzner Computer scientist www.priv.gc.ca/metadatawww.priv.gc.ca/metadata.

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Metadata and GIS
Metadata and GIS ® An ESRI White Paper • October 2002 ESRI 380 New York St., Redlands, CA 92373-8100, USA • TEL 909-793-2853 • FAX 909-793-5953 • E-MAIL [email protected] • WEB www.esri.com Copyright © 2002 ESRI All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. The information contained in this document is the exclusive property of ESRI. This work is protected under United States copyright law and other international copyright treaties and conventions. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, except as expressly permitted in writing by ESRI. All requests should be sent to Attention: Contracts Manager, ESRI, 380 New York Street, Redlands, CA 92373-8100, USA. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED/LIMITED RIGHTS Any software, documentation, and/or data delivered hereunder is subject to the terms of the License Agreement. In no event shall the U.S. Government acquire greater than RESTRICTED/LIMITED RIGHTS. At a minimum, use, duplication, or disclosure by the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in FAR §52.227-14 Alternates I, II, and III (JUN 1987); FAR §52.227-19 (JUN 1987) and/or FAR §12.211/12.212 (Commercial Technical Data/Computer Software); and DFARS §252.227-7015 (NOV 1995) (Technical Data) and/or DFARS §227.7202 (Computer Software), as applicable. Contractor/Manufacturer is ESRI, 380 New York Street, Redlands, CA 92373- 8100, USA.
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Creating Permissionless Blockchains of Metadata Records Dejah Rubel
Articles No Need to Ask: Creating Permissionless Blockchains of Metadata Records Dejah Rubel ABSTRACT This article will describe how permissionless metadata blockchains could be created to overcome two significant limitations in current cataloging practices: centralization and a lack of traceability. The process would start by creating public and private keys, which could be managed using digital wallet software. After creating a genesis block, nodes would submit either a new record or modifications to a single record for validation. Validation would rely on a Federated Byzantine Agreement consensus algorithm because it offers the most flexibility for institutions to select authoritative peers. Only the top tier nodes would be required to store a copy of the entire blockchain thereby allowing other institutions to decide whether they prefer to use the abridged version or the full version. INTRODUCTION Several libraries and library vendors are investigating how blockchain could improve activities such as scholarly publishing, content dissemination, and copyright enforcement. A few organizations, such as Katalysis, are creating prototypes or alpha versions of blockchain platforms and products.1 Although there has been some discussion about using blockchains for metadata creation and management, only one company appears to be designing such a product. Therefore, this article will describe how permissionless blockchains of metadata records could be created, managed, and stored to overcome current challenges with metadata creation and management. LIMITATIONS OF CURRENT PRACTICES Metadata standards, processes, and systems are changing to meet twenty-first century information needs and expectations. There are two significant limitations, however, to our current metadata creation and modification practices that have not been addressed: centralization and traceability.
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Studying Social Tagging and Folksonomy: a Review and Framework
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Extending the Role of Metadata in a Digital Library System*
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KOSO: a Metadata Ontology for Knowledge Organization Systems
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