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The Battle of Blaauwberg

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The Battle of Blaauwberg N 1806 ENGLAND AND FRANCE WERE AT Saldanah Bay to occupy the port. WAR. Both had extensive interests in the East, and the DISCOVER Isafety of their trading fleets and overseas possessions 6th January: The British troops landed at Losperd's Bay, was of great importance. At this time the Cape was now Melkbosstrand. An old transport ship was beached to governed by the Batavian Republic (the name by which the act as a breakwater. One of the landing boats capsized in Netherlands was known from 1795 to 1806), an ally of the surf, drowning 36 Highlanders. Janssens did not France. There were fears of an attack by the British because oppose the landing. The Battle of the Cape's strategic position on the sea route Between Europe and the East. 7th January: The remainder of the British troops, armaments, horses and necessary provisions were landed th of 25 December 1805: After being chased by an English and preparations made for the advance to Cape Town. warship a French Privateer ran aground near Cape Point. Janssens moved his troops out of their camp at Rietvlei and I The French captain brought news to Lieutenant-General J by afternoon had taken up position at Bloubergsvlei farm, Blaauwberg W Janssens, Governor of the Cape, of a strong British fleet on the plains east of Blouberg Hill. His forces bestraddled on route to the Cape. the wagon trail to Cape Town which the advancing British troops would have to~use. British warships started 1" January: A Proclamation was issued for a general call- bombardment of the camp at Rietvlei not knowing that the up of all able-bodied men to defend the Cape. enemy had already moved out. ' .•| th 4 January 1806: The British Fleet was sighted. 63 British 8th January: At 03hOO the British forces, formed in 2 ships under Commodore Sir Home Popham and carrying brigades, made their way towards the wagon trail. Soon j. some 7 000 troops commanded by Major-General Sir after 05hOO the British troops were on the saddle of David Baird, dropped anchor between Robben Island and Blouberg Hill, looking down on the battlefield. The battle Blaauwberg. Baird knew what to expect at the Cape as he, i had served as a Brigadier-General during the first British" commenced on Kleinberg were the 24 th Regiment drove Occupation of the Cape (1795 -1803). He planned to land the mounted citizens off the hill. Captain Foster was killed in Table Bay but this was not possible as gale force winds along with 15 men either killed or wounded. By now the were blowing. Janssens had begun preparations for the armies were wjthin firing range of each other. The defence of the Cape. He was able to rally about 2 000 men Highland Brigade was ordered to fix bayonets and charge, amongst which were: supported by cannon fire. On the Batavain front confusion reigned. The regiments began to break rank and retreat, • Batavian Marines and an assortment of citizen ignoring Janssens pleas to stand their ground. Janssens, 8 January 1806 (burgher) cavalry, gunners and dragoons sensing defeat, ordered a retreat. The British, already •L • 5th Waldeck Battalion (German and Hungarian exhausted, did not pursue. The Batavian Troops regrouped mercenaries) at Rietvlei. 347 soldiers were reported missing. The British The battle which chaiig^d, ] • French sailors and marines from 2 French vessels troops were exhausted after their march across hot sands the course of a anchored in Table Bay under a scorching sun and without water. Many fainted and • Hottentot Regiment (KhoiSan) collapsed. When they arrived at the freshwater spring on South Africa!*history;^ •?'• •• Javanese Artillery (nicknamed the Mardykers) Bloubergsvlei Farm, Baird had to personally supervise the ; ;*i • wSiay.es from Angola and Mozambique distribution of water. The farm house was converted into a "ft temporary hospital. British casualties were 204 dead or 5* January: Janssens moved his troops r,northwards injured. Baird and the remainder of his troops pressed on 5 la to the V.O.C. 5=Qutpost, Rietvlei (Rietvallei)., ? of the and arrived at the deserted Rietvlei camp in the evening, British warships and sqme transporjE ships sailed to 1 encamping for the night. *•"*:'" - • •'• ';;• •••' „' • *^" ' A 9th January: Baird and his troops advanced on Cape Town. ROUTE AND SITE MAP Colonel von Prophalow, acting Commandant of Cape Town, offered no resistance. Janssens had withdrawn to the j£X Atlantis/Mamre-fj Malmesbury/4 Hottentots-Holland Mountains, intending to offer further resistance. N 10'" January: The provisional Articles of Capitulation were signed at Papendorp, now Woodstock. 18th January: Janssens surrenders under favourable terms for his troops, the citizens of the Cape and himself, with all existing rights and privileges being retained. !, [) Barnyard Farmstalr (Total Garage) 6th March: "Janssens, his officers and 573 men left .Table Bay in 7 ships bound for the Batavian Republic. MAP INDEX 1. V.O.C. Outpost Rietvlei and Janssens base camp. All that remains today is the freshwater spring. A plaque has been erected. This site offers a magnificent view across Rietvlei and Table Bay. Follow signs to SANCCOB. At the intersection ofBlaauwberg Road and Pentz Drive (Pick 'n Pay) turn southwards and follow Pentz Drive for 1.1 km. Turn right into the car park at Blaauwere SANCCOB. The Spring lies approximately 20 metres to the ourism left. Tel: (021) 557 8600 2. Losperd's Bay, now Melkbosstrand. The British troops landed here. Follow Otto du Plessis Drive (Ml 4) northwards to Melkbosstrand. Turn left into o Avenue (Caltex Garage on the corner). At T-junction turn right into Beach Road and first left into carpark (bottom of 7* Avenue). 3. Barnyard Farmstall. From here one has a good a view of the route taken by the British troops. They s o i l marched along a sandy track up the north-western PQ c s I I s s •1 S c1 slopes of Blouberg Hill, over the saddle to the plains ^ Jj "^ 2 r~t -C below where the battle was fought. At present the 1 5 1 0 0 2f M S•E battlefield cannot be accessed. From the beachfront at "S th H B 1 IS S Melkbosstrand continue back along 6 Avenue, crossing 3 1 ! 1= M S 1 „ A C _^ -e - ? I Otto du Plessis. After passing the Atlantic Golf Estate on j- 1 'I •^ 'o « S "M oS £ II g '6 S •o your right you reach the R27. Cross the R27 to the S. S m cB ! l s v ] o i d h Note: Blaauwberg original Dutch spelling, also spelt Blouberg, both d Barnyard Farmstall. g Briti Burg High Bata Z4t e e e e • • meaning Blue Mountain. 1 e 4. Blouberg Hill. Site presently inaccessible. Th Th mounte Th fleein Th Th 5. Kleinberg Hill. Site presently inaccessible. Visit the Military Museum at the Castle of Good Hope, Cape Town O © o e 0 6. Bloubergsvlei Farm. Site presently inaccessible. Brochure compiled by P Matejek, Table View, July 2002. •.
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