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Scroll down to read the article. BOTSWANA JOURNAL OF AFRICAN STUDIES " VOL. 3 NO.1 MAY 83 EDITORIAL BOARD

Mr F K Inganji Prof. S I A Kotei Mr E Kupe Prof. M A Oommen Mrs. K. Rasernka

EDITOR

Prof. L D Ngcongco

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CORRESPONDENCE

Manuscripts. editoria correspondence. books for review, advertising enquiries should all be addressed to:

The Editor PULA National Institute of Development Research & Documentation University of Botswana Private Bag 0022 Gaborone Botswana

Articles should b~ typed with double spacing on one side of the paper only. Footnotes should appear at the end of the article. and should include, Author. Title. Place of Publication, Year of Publication. and relevant page or pages. CONTENTS

Articles LABOUR FORCE PARTICIPATION AND UNEMPLOYMENT IN LOBATSE: - Nesim Tumkaya COMPARATIVE ASPECT OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE CONTROL OF THE 15 INSURANCE BUSINESS IN BOTSWANA AND SWAZILAND - Peter Nanyenya Takirambudde SPATIAL PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT IN TROPICAL AFRICA: POLICY 29 IMPLICATIONS FROM THE ZAMBIAN EXAMPLE - Thando D. Gwebu BOTSWANA'S BEEF CATTLE EXPORTS: ESTABLISHMENT OF A RESERVE 47 INDUSTRY c. 1900-1924 - Michael Hubbard RELIGION AND POLITICS IN AN AFRICAN CHIEFDOM: THE MOTHOWAGAE 59 SECESSION REVISITED - Leonard Ngcongco

Notes and Announcements INAUGURATION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BOTSWANA 79 - J.D. Turner SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH ASSOCIATION 83 - Leonard Ngcongco FOR~\1ATION OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT INFORMATION 87 SYSTEM - Francis Inganji TEACHING ECONOMICS IN THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN PERIPHERY: REVIEW 90 OF A SADCC-INSPIRED WORKSHOP - Michael Hubbard SYMPOSIUM ON EDUCATION FOR DEVELOPMENT 93 - Kgomotso Mogome and Frank Youngman

Review Articles PASTORALISM AND LAND REFORM IN RURAL BOTSWANA 95 - Ntwaetsilc Morapedi A HISTORY OF THE XHOSA WESTERN FRONTIER 104 - Kevin Shillington MIDWIFERY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 107 - V. Ndiki Ngcongco

Reviews III - Kenneth Jones 113 - James Moilwa LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

DR. THANDO D. GWEBU is a Lecturer in Environmental Science. University of Botswana. Hc was formerly a lecturer in the Geography Department at the University of Zambia. His research interests arc in Human Scttlements, Quantitative Rescarch Methods, Urban and Regional Developments. He has pub- lished research articles in scveral international journals.

MR. MICHAEL HUBBARD is Lecturer in Economics, University of Botswana. He has written several papers on the cattle industry in Botswana some of which arc published in c.J. Harvey (ed.) Papers on the Lconomr of BOI.llwna, and M.A. Oommen, F. Inganji and L.D. Ngcongco (cds.) Papers on BOlSIl'ana'.1 Lcono//{l' .Iince Indepcndence (in press), The article in this journal is part of a larger study: The History of Botswana's Beef Cattle Export 1900-1981,

MR. FRANCIS INGANJI is Documentalist/Researcher at the National Institute of Research, He was Documentalist at Kenya National Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has written several articles published in a number of journals.

DR. KENNETH JONES is Director, Institute of Adult Education. He was formerly Visiting Professor and Acting Head of Social Sciences, Athabasca University, Canada; Head of Social Sciences, Ulster Polytechnic, Northern Ircland, and Staff Tutor in Sociology, Open University, U.K. He is author of Sodologr in Medicine: Cosmologies, Sociology of AdulT Education for Development (forthcoming) and editor of Sickn<'.ls and Sectarianism.

MR. JAMES MOILWA, a graduate of the University of South Africa and Carlifonia State University (Fresno) is Senior Lecturer and Acting Head of the Department of African languages and Literature. Bd'ore joining the University he was a teacher at several secondary schools and was for many years Head- master of Scepapitso Secondary School. Kanye.

MR. NTW AETSILE T. MORAPEDI graduated in Economics and History from the Roma Campus of UBLS in 1972, before takinga M.A. degree in Agricultural Economicsat the University of Lceds in 1976. He held a number of appointments inthe Office of the President. Ministry of Local Government and Lands and Ministrv of Agriculture, where for the past 6 years he was planning Officer. He joined the National Institute of Research in July 1982 as Research Fellow in Rural Development.

PROF. LEONARD NGCONGCO is Director of the National Institute of Development Research and Documentation at the University of Botswana. Formerly he was Professor and Head of the History Depart- ment and Dean of tbe Faculty of Humanities.

MRS. VUYEL WA NDIKI NGCONGCO is Principal Tutor at the National Health Institute, Gaborone. She is a graduate of Nairobi and Boston Universities.

Dr. Kevin Shillington is Lecturer in Historical Methods in the Faculty of Education, University of Botswana. Former[y he was lecturer at Livingstone Teachers College in Zambia. His doctoral thesis on the Histon of the Batlhaping is being published by Ravan Press and Heinemann shortly.

DR. PETER N. TAKIRAMBUDDE is Senior Lecturer and Head or the Department or Law at the Univer- sity or Botswana, Formerlv he held teaching/research appointments at law schools of Yale and Princeton UniversitIes as well as being Lecturer in Law at the University College of Swaziland. He is the author of Tedlllolog.l' Trall.'Ii',. and International L(/Ir (/980) and several articles in learned journals.

DR. NESIM TUMKA YA. a native or Turkey obtained his M,A, and Ph.D degrees in Demography at the University of Pennsvlvania. Under United Nations sponsorship he is actively researching on demographic/ eC

PROF. JOHN D. TURNER is the rirst Vice Chancellor of the University or Botswana, Formerlv he was Professor of Education at UBLS Roma Campus and University or'Manchester. He was ;Iso first Pro- Vice-Chancellor of UBLS. He is the author or numerous publications on Education.