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Phylogeny of Rosids

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Phylogeny of Rosids Wind-pollinated Rosids Fabids Part I Announcements Lab Quiz today. Lecture review Tuesday, 3-4pm, HCK 320. Lecture Exam Wednesday. Arboretum Field Trip Wednesday. Phylogeny of angiosperms Angiosperms “Basal angiosperms” Parallel venation scattered vascular bundles 1 cotyledon Tricolpate pollen vessels (Jansen et al. 2007) Phylogeny of Eudicots (or Tricolpates) Eudicots (or Tricolpates) “Basal eudicots” (Soltis et al. 2011) Phylogeny of Rosids Rosids Saxifragales Saxifragaceae Crassulaceae Fabids: Malvids: Malpighiales Brassicales Salicaceae Brassicaceae Violaceae Malvales Euphorbiaceae Fabales Malvaceae Sapindales Fabaceae Rosales Aceraceae Myrtales Rosaceae Fagales Onagraceae Betulaceae Geraniales Fagaceae Geraniaceae (The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2009) Crassulaceae (Stonecrop family) http://www.blankees.com/house/plants/image/kalanchoe.jpg Kalanchoe sp. Echeveria derenbergii Echeveria sp. http://www.smgrowers.com/imagedb/Echeveria_derenbergii.JPG http://micheleroohani.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/succulent-echeveria-michele-roohani-huntington.jpg Crassulacean Acid Metabolism http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/phoc.html#c4 Green Roofs http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedum Sedum acre biting stonecrop http://ecobrooklyn.com/extensive-green-roof/ Crassulaceae (Stonecrop family) 35 genera, 1500 species (Crassula, Echeveria, Kalanchoe, Sedum) Habit: Stem: Leaves: Tim Hagan 2006 Crassulaceae (Stonecrop family) Inflorescence: Flowers: Tim Hagan 2003 Sex of plant: Rod Gilbert 2006 Crassulaceae (Stonecrop family) Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Flower symmetry: Perianth parts: # of stamens: # of pistils/flower: # of carpels/pistil: Ovary position: http://www.resimlerden.com/cicek/Kalanchoe.jpg Crassulaceae (Stonecrop family) Fruit type: Ben Legler 2004 Phylogeny of Rosids Rosids Saxifragales Saxifragaceae Crassulaceae Fabids: Malvids: Malpighiales Brassicales Salicaceae Brassicaceae Violaceae Malvales Euphorbiaceae Fabales Malvaceae Sapindales Fabaceae Rosales Aceraceae Myrtales Rosaceae Fagales Onagraceae Betulaceae Geraniales Fagaceae Geraniaceae (The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2009) Fagales Synapomorphies: •Indehiscent fruits •No nectaries •Inferior ovary with 1 or 2 ovules/locule •Unisexual flowers with reduced perianth •Gland-headed and/or stellate hairs (Manos and Steele 1997) Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) Quercus sp. Oak G. D. Carr 2009 Quercus garryana Garry oak Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) 9 genera, 900 species (Castanea, Chrysolepis, Fagus, Quercus) Habit: Leaves: Textbook DVD WSJ Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) Inflorescence: Flowers: Sex of plant: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) Inflorescence: Flowers: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Sex of plant: Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) Flower symmetry: Perianth parts: # of stamens: Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) # of pistils/flower: # of carpels/pistil: Ovary position: Involucre = structure formed from many overlapping bracts. Involucre can be spiny or scaly, or 4-valved or non-valved. Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) Fruit type: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) Fruit type: Textbook DVD KRR Textbook DVD DLN Fagaceae (Beech or Oak family) Fruit type: Textbook DVD WSJ Betulaceae (Birch family) Textbook DVD WSJ Alnus serrulata - Red alder Betula papyrifera - Paper birch Betulaceae (Birch family) 6 genera, 157 species (Alnus, Betula, Corylus) Habit: Stem: Textbook DVD JRA Leaves: Betulaceae (Birch family) Yaowu Yuan Inflorescence: Flowers: Sex of plant: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Betulaceae (Birch family) Corylus Hazelnut Note this exceptional genus with only male flowers in catkins; female flowers solitary. Betulaceae (Birch family) Flower symmetry: Perianth parts: # of stamens: # of pistils/flower: # of carpels/pistil: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Ovary position: Betulaceae (Birch family) Fruit type: Textbook DVD WSJ Textbook DVD WSJ Phylogeny of Rosids Rosids Saxifragales Saxifragaceae Crassulaceae Fabids: Malvids: Malpighiales Brassicales Salicaceae Brassicaceae Violaceae Malvales Euphorbiaceae Fabales Malvaceae Sapindales Fabaceae Rosales Aceraceae Myrtales Rosaceae Fagales Onagraceae Betulaceae Geraniales Fagaceae Geraniaceae (The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group 2009) (Chase et al. 2002) Salicaceae s.s. (Willow family) Your textbook expanded Salicaceae dramatically to include most of “Flacourtiaceae,” a mostly tropical family with much more diverse morphology. Salicaceae s.s. (Salix and Populus) as covered here (and in FPNW) is monophyletic and is either nested within “Flacourtiaceae” or sister to “Flacourtiaceae”. Salicaceae s.s. (Willow family) Textbook DVD KRR Textbook DVD WSJ Salix babylonica Babylon willow Salix exigua Sandbar willow Salicaceae s.s. (Willow family) 2 genera, 435 species (Populus, Salix) Habit: Stem: Textbook DVD WSJ Leaves: Salicaceae s.s. (Willow family) Inflorescence: Flowers: Sex of plant: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Salicaceae s.s. (Willow family) Flower symmetry: Perianth parts: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Salicaceae s.s. (Willow family) Perianth parts: # of stamens: # of pistils/flower: # of carpels/pistil: Ovary position: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Salicaceae s.s. (Willow family) Fruit type: Textbook DVD DLN Textbook DVD WSJ Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family) http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2009/vick_chri/Images/685px-E_pulcherrima_ies%5B1%5D.jpg Euphorbia pulcherrima poinsettia http://www.missouriplants.com/Yellowalt/Euphorbia_cyparissias_plant.jpg Euphorbia cyparissias cypress spurge http://landstarext.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/poinsettia.jpg Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family) Textbook DVD DLN Textbook DVD WSJ Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family) 307 genera, 6900 species (Croton, Euphorbia, Hevea, Manihot, Ricinus) Habit: Stem: http://www.sbs.utexas.edu/bio406d/images/pics/eup/e.bicolor%20latex%202.JPG Leaves: Textbook DVD WSJ Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family) Inflorescence: Flowers: http://www.euphorbiaceae.org/pages/about_euphorbia.html Sex of plant: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family) Flower symmetry: Perianth parts: # of stamens: Textbook DVD KRR & DLN # of pistils/flower: # of carpels/pistil: Ovary position: Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family) Flower symmetry: Perianth parts: # of stamens: http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2264/2524745895_629d709cb0.jpg?v=1211830945 # of pistils/flower: # of carpels/pistil: Ovary position: Euphorbiaceae (Spurge family) Fruit type: http://www.aphotoflora.com/DevonandCornwall/Euphorbia%20cyparissias-faf-03-09-05.jpg .
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