DOCSLIB.ORG

SCOPING REVIEW: a Needs-Based Assessment and Epidemiological Community-Based Survey of Ex-Service Personnel and Their Families in Scotland

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
SCOPING REVIEW: a Needs-Based Assessment and Epidemiological Community-Based Survey of Ex-Service Personnel and Their Families in Scotland SCOPING REVIEW: A Needs-Based Assessment and Epidemiological Community-Based Survey of Ex-Service Personnel and their Families in Scotland FINAL REPORT Professor Susan Klein1 1Director, Aberdeen Centre for Trauma Research, Institute for Health & Welfare Research, Robert Gordon University 2 Emeritus Professor David A Alexander 2 Former Director, Aberdeen Centre for Trauma Research, Institute for Health & Welfare Research, Robert Gordon University IN COLLABORATION WITH: 3 Dr Walter Busuttil 3 Director Medical Services, Combat Stress, Tyrwhitt House, Leatherhead December 2012 CONTENTS Acknowledgements 6 Abbreviations and Acronyms 7 Executive Summary 11 Section 1: Introduction 21 1.1 Background to the Scoping Review 21 1.2 Terms of Reference 21 1.2.1 Aim 22 1.2.2 Objectives 23 1.2.3 Parameters of the Scoping Review 23 1.2.4 Methodological Framework and Analytic Strategy 24 1.3 Format of the Report 25 Section 2: Veteran-Related Policy, Strategy & Commitments 26 2.1 Preface 26 2.2 Role, Composition, and Ethos of the UK Armed Forces 27 2.3 Scotland‘s Contribution to the UK Armed Forces 31 2.4 Composition of the Veteran Community 31 2.5 Key Drivers of Veteran-Related Policy and Strategy 33 2.6 Moral and Social Factors 36 2.6.1 Recognition of Sacrifice 36 2.6.2 ―Duty of Care‖ 38 2.6.3 No Disadvantage 38 2.7 Economic Factors 39 2.7.1 Recruitment 39 2.7.2 Retention 39 2.7.3 Litigation 40 2.8 Political Factors 41 2.8.1 Public Support 41 2.8.2 Social Exclusion 42 2.9 Evolution of Veterans Policy and Strategy 43 Section 3: Provision of Healthcare and Welfare Support 51 3.1 Preface 51 3.2 Defence Healthcare 51 3.2.1 Military Medical Care Policy and Strategy 51 3.2.2 Responsibility for the Delivery of UK Armed Forces 52 Medical Care 3.2.3 Trauma Care Provision for Severe Operational Injuries 54 3.2.4 Illnesses and Non Battlefield Injuries (NBI) 56 3.2.5 MoD Hospital Units: Secondary Care and Training 57 3.2.6 Rehabilitation and Aftercare 58 1 3.2.7 Mental Healthcare for Service Personnel 59 3.3 Operational Stress Management Policy and Strategy 62 3.4 Prevention and Management of Psychological Trauma 63 3.4.1 Screening 63 3.4.2 Trauma Risk Management (TRiM) 64 3.4.3 Decompression 65 3.4.4 Medical Assessment Programme (MAP) 65 3.4.5 Reservists Mental Health Programme (RMHP) 66 3.4.6 Evidence-Based Treatments for Combat-Related 67 Disorders 3.5 Medical Discharge 68 3.6 Service Family Healthcare Provision 71 3.7 Veterans Healthcare Policy and Strategy 71 3.8 Current Organisation and Delivery of Veteran 75 Healthcare 3.9 Development of a Community-Based Mental Health 79 Service for Veterans 3.10 Piloting the Implementation of a Community-Based 84 Mental Health Service for Veterans 3.11 Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) 87 3.12 Healthcare Provision for Veterans who Encounter 89 the Criminal Justice System 3.13 Welfare and Support 91 3.13.1 Organisation of Welfare and Support Provision 91 3.13.2 UK Armed Forces Welfare Policy and Provision 93 3.14 Organisation and Nature of Resettlement Provision 96 3.15 Pensions Provision 100 3.15.1 War Pensions Provision 101 3.15.2 Benefits Provision 105 3.16 Housing Provision 105 3.17 Homelessness Initiatives 109 3.17.1 Homelessness Legislation, Policy and Strategy in 110 Scotland 3.18 Welfare Provision for Veterans who Encounter the 113 Criminal Justice System 3.19 Education and Skills Training Provision 114 3.20 Employment Provision 115 Section 4: Outcome of the Consultation Process 117 4.1 Preface 117 4.2 Method 117 4.3 Pre-Service Factors 117 4.3.1 Pre-enlistment Vulnerabilities 117 4.4 Service-Related Factors 118 4.4.1 Military Culture/ Ethos 118 4.4.2 Inter-Service Differences 118 4.4.3 Rank Differences 119 2 4.4.4 Gender Differences 119 4.4.5 Operational Exposure 119 4.4.6 Mental Health Screening 120 4.5 Resettlement and Transition 121 4.6 Post-Service Factors 121 4.6.1 Time out of the Services 121 4.6.2 Barriers to Care 122 4.6.3 Areas of Particular Difficulty 124 Section 5: Review of the Eminence- and Evidence-based 126 Literature 5.1 Preface 126 5.2 MOD and Government Commissioned Reviews 126 5.2.1 Delivery of Cross Departmental Support and Services 127 for Veterans 5.2.2 Defence Healthcare (In-Service and Post-Service) 131 5.2.3 Transition 139 5.2.4 Homelessness 144 5.2.5 Health and Social Outcomes/ Health Service Experience 146 5.2.6 Community-Based Mental Health 149 5.3 Veteran-Related Charities and Agencies Commissioned Studies 153 5.3.1 Veterans‘ Profile and Needs: Scotland 154 5.3.2 Treatment Effectiveness and Client Satisfaction 160 Evaluation 5.3.3 Service Provision Evaluation 163 5.3.4 Homelessness 166 5.3.5 Employment 169 5.3.6 Criminal Justice System 172 5.4 Academic-Based Research Reported in the Peer Review 172 Literature 5.4.1 Methods and Caveats 172 5.4.2 Pre-Service Factors 173 5.4.2.1 Childhood adversity 173 5.4.2.2 Socio-economic adversity 175 5.4.2.3 Psychiatric history 175 5.4.2.4.Personality 176 5.4.2.5 Coping style 176 5.4.3 In-Service Factors 176 5.4.3.1 Changing nature of combat 176 5.4.3.2 Changing nature of operational deployment 179 5.4.3.3 Social support 181 5.4.3.4 Unit cohesion 182 5.4.3.5 Mortality 183 5.4.4 Physical Health 187 5.4.4.1 Cancer 187 5.4.4.2 Diabetes 188 5.4.4.3 Thyroid disease 189 3 5.4.4.4 PTSD and endocrine diseases 189 5.4.4.5 Obesity 189 5.4.4.6 Arthritis 190 5.4.4.7 Reproductive health 190 5.4.4.8 Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) 192 5.4.5 Mental Health 194 5.4.5.1 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) 194 5.4.5.2 Comorbidity 197 5.4.5.3 PTSD and physical injury 198 5.4.5.4 Alcohol misuse 199 5.4.5.5 ―Ripple Effect‖ 202 5.4.6 Transition-Related Factors 204 5.4.7 Post-Service Outcomes 206 5.4.7.1 Veterans in prison 206 5.4.7.2 Self-harm 207 5.4.7.3 Barriers to mental healthcare 211 5.4.7.4 Lack of integration across services 212 5.4.7.5 Durability of therapeutic gain 212 5.4.7.6 Stigma 212 5.4.7.7 Help Seeking 213 Section 6: Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations 217 6.1 Preface 217 6.2 Summary of Findings: Consultation Process 217 6.2.1 Pre-Service Factors 217 6.2.2 Service-Related Factors 217 6.2.3 Post-Service Factors 218 6.3 Summary of Findings: Review of Eminence-Based and 218 Evidence-Based Literature 6.4 Research Recommendations 220 6.5 Needs-Based Assessment and Population-Based 223 Survey of Veterans and Their Families in Scotland 6.5.1 Identification of an Appropriate Comparison Group 224 6.5.2 Data Protection and Ethical Issues 224 6.5.3 Tracing Issues 226 6.5.4 Regional Variation 227 6.5.5 Sampling Frame 227 6.6 Design and Funding Recommendations 233 Appendices 235 References 253 4 FIGURE AND TABLES Figure 1. Life History Trajectories of Interviewees 168 Table 1. Key Strategy and Policy-Related Papers and Reports 26 Table 2. Summary of Strategic Themes, Objectives and Potential 35 Benefits Table 3. Summary of Key Components of the Strategy for Veterans 44 Table 4. Medical Discharge Grades and Fitness Levels 68 Table 5. Medical Discharges for Tri-Services 71 Table 6. Outline of Partnership Board Approach 73 Table 7. Summary of MoD and Government Commissioned Reviews 127 Table 8. Key Findings by Domain 143 Table 9. Categorisation, Inclusion Criteria, and Numbers Identified 147 Per Category (N=76) Table 10. Key Findings According to Focus of Analysis 148 Table 11. Pilot Services Evaluation by Components 151 Table 12. Summary of Veteran-Related Charities and Agency 153 Commissioned Studies Table 13. Profile of Combat Stress Sample 161 Table 14. Issues Affecting Employment 171 Table 15. ―Cycle of Deployment‖ 181 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The completion of this Scoping Review owes much to many individuals, especially those who gave so generously of their time in respect of the Consultation process and for their helpful comments and suggestions. Thanks are also due to Commodore Toby Elliott OBE (Former Chief Executive, Combat Stress) for his encouragement and support in undertaking this endeavour and to Dr Anne Braidwood CBE (Medical Adviser, UK Veterans' Agency) for her invaluable assistance and expert advice. Finally, we are grateful to The Scottish Government for funding this work and, in particular, to Mr Geoff Huggins (Deputy Director of Health and Social Care Integration, Head of Reshaping Care and Mental Health Division). Susan Klein, Aberdeen Centre for Trauma Research, Robert Gordon University David A Alexander, Aberdeen Centre for Trauma Research, Robert Gordon University Walter Busuttil, Combat Stress 6 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ACDMH Academic Centre for Defence Mental Health ACTR Aberdeen Centre for Trauma Research AFCS Armed Forces Compensation Scheme AFP Armed Forces Project AFPPA Armed Forces Personnel Adminstration Agency AFPRABS Armed Forces Pension and Research Attributable Benefits Scheme AFPRB Armed Forces Pay Review Body AFPS Armed Forces Pension Scheme AMG Agency Management Group APC Army Personnel Centre APMS Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey ASOs Administration Support Officers AUDIT Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test BLESMA British Limbless Ex Service Men's Association CABx Citizens Advice Bureau CAC Central Advisory Committee CAD Citizens Advice Direct CEA Continuity of Education Allowance CHI Community Health Index CHP Centre for Housing Policy CHR Combined Housing Register CI Confidence Intervals CIDI Composite International Diagnostic Interview CISD Critical Incident Stress Debriefing CLG Communities and Local Government CMO Chief Medical Officer COB Contingency Operating Base COBSEO Confederation of British Service and ex-Service Organisations CoSLA Convention of Scottish Local Authorities CPNs
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Care Ethics Analysis of the Piper Alpha Oil Platform Disaster STS Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of the School of En
    A Care Ethics Analysis of the Piper Alpha Oil Platform Disaster STS Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of the School of Engineering and Applied Science University of Virginia By Summer Xu October 31st, 2019 On my honor as a University student, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this assignment as defined by the Honor Guidelines for Thesis-Related Assignments. Signed: _______________________________________________ Approved: _______________________________________ Date ________________________ Benjamin Laugelli, Department of Engineering and Society Introduction On July 6, 1988, a sequence of explosions and failures across the Piper Alpha oil platform, owned by Occidental Petroleum, resulted in the death of 167 workers in the world’s deadliest offshore oil industry disaster, in terms of human fatalities. This case has become a landmark in industry safety, as it helped to establish industrial safety standards, has pushed safety research forwards, and has served as a crucial example of safety in engineering practice (Nasa Safety Center, 2013). Currently, several scholars agree upon the lack of organizational integrity and technical redundancies that ultimately resulted in the Piper Alpha disaster. Scholars are especially focused on placing the blame on the technological failures and regulatory insufficiencies that allowed such a tragic sequence of events to unfold (Cullen, 2018). However, despite being such a famous landmark of engineering safety, virtually no literature exists evaluating the morality of those who should be held responsible. A failure to recognize the ethical stake engineers play in their design will allow engineers to continue blindly following rules and regulations, rather than understanding their obligation to act ethically for the good of the greater whole.
    [Show full text]
  • Paying for the Piper
    Series Editors Tony Elger and Peter Fairbrother Centre for Comparative Labour Studies Department of Sociology University of Warwick PAYING FOR THE PIPER .... has all the hallmarks of [the authors'] previous works •.. the vivid style, the careful description of tactical debates and the eye for telling detail ... a highly readable, often fascinating account of a grim and depressing saga.' John Kelly, Senior Lecturer in Industrial Relations, London School of Economics. Editor, British J6l1rJUd of Indwtrial Relations The North Sea oil industry has been riven by industrial conflict, human tragedy and disaster. This book investigates the crisis of industrial relations which followed the 1988 Piper Alpha disaster, the world's worst offshore accident. in which 167 oil workers died. The strikes which followed in 1989 and 1990 challenged the health and safety practices upon which the system of offshore production had been based, rejecting as unacceptably high the human price of oil extraction. In mounting this challenge the labour force precipitated a fundamental strategic shift in the political economy of the British oil and gas industry. Paying for die Pi;erIDllkes the first serious appraisal of the current offshore safety regulatory regime instituted af't:« Piper Alpha, and of the oil industry's attempts to contain subsequent ~e re~ry interference. It concludes that. as yet. offshore safety is little or not at aB_~ _ anthon also examine the fraught history of trade unionism in the offshore ,e.~ successful strategies of employers to sustain a virtually union-free r~1I"he ~t over health and safety offshore has been inextricably bound up widt'the~es brutal struggle over union rights as the workforce has attempted to rive voice in the reform of safety and production standards.
    [Show full text]
  • Safety of Offshore Oil and Gas Operations: Lessons from Past Accident Analysis
    Safety of offshore oil and gas operations: Lessons from past accident analysis Ensuring EU hydrocarbon supply through better control of major hazards Michalis Christou and Myrto Konstantinidou 2012 Report EUR 25646 EN European Commission Joint Research Centre Institute for Energy and Transport Contact information Michalis Christou Address: Joint Research Centre, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, TP 230, 21027 Ispra (VA), Italy E-mail: [email protected] Tel.: +39 0332 78 9516 Fax: +39 0332 78 6671 http://iet.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ http://www.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ This publication is a Reference Report by the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission. Legal Notice Neither the European Commission nor any person acting on behalf of the Commission is responsible for the use which might be made of this publication. Europe Direct is a service to help you find answers to your questions about the European Union Freephone number (*): 00 800 6 7 8 9 10 11 (*) Certain mobile telephone operators do not allow access to 00 800 numbers or these calls may be billed. A great deal of additional information on the European Union is available on the Internet. It can be accessed through the Europa server http://europa.eu/. JRC77767 EUR 25646 EN ISBN 978-92-79-27954-6 (print) ISBN 978-92-79-28004-7 (pdf) ISSN 1018-5593 (print) ISSN 1018-9424 (online) doi:10.2790/71887 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2012 © European Union, 2012 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. Printed in Italy Instead of Foreword “…. Deepwater energy exploration and production, particularly at the frontiers of experience, involve risks for which neither industry nor government has been adequately prepared, but for which they can and must be prepared in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • This Email Has Been Scanned by the Symantec Email Security.Cloud Service
    From: Victoria Lane (Brodies Solicitors) To: Hornsea Project Three Cc: Karen Hamilton (Brodies Solicitors) Subject: Spirit Energy ISH 1 Submission - Appendix A, C, D, G - I, K [BRO-D.FID4510105] Date: 14 December 2018 23:41:19 Attachments: image002.png image004.png image006.png image008.png image010.png image012.png SE ISH 1 - Appendix H - MCA, Methodology for Assessing the Marine Navigational Safety & Emergency Response Risks of Offshore Renewable Energy Installations 2013_44074596_1.PDF SE ISH 1 - Appendix K - Transport Committee Seocnd Report on Helicopter Safety (July 2014)_44074367_1.PDF SE ISH 1 - Appendix I - CAA CAP 1145 Offshore helicopter review and annexes 24214 - February 2014_44074250_1.PDF SE ISH 1 - Appendix G - Map of the UK_Exclusive_Economic_Zone_44074304_1.PDF SE ISH 1 - Appendix D - Advice-note-9.-Rochdale-envelope-web - Feb 2009_44074237_1.PDF SE ISH 1 - Appendix C - MCA MGN_372 (August 2008)_44074569_1.PDF SE ISH 1 - Appendix A - 19830815 Licence P.468 (Block 49-4a) dated 15 August 1983_44079455_1.PDF CONFIDENTIAL MESSAGE - INTENDED RECIPIENT ONLY Please find attached Appendix A, C, D, G – I, K Kind regards Victoria Lane Senior Solicitor Edinburgh, UK www.brodies.com Direct Line +44(0) 131 656 0127 ************************************************************************************************************ IMPORTANT NOTICE: This notice applies to this email and to any other email subsequently sent by anyone at Brodies LLP and appearing in the same chain of email correspondence. References below to "this email" should be read accordingly. This e-mail and its attachments (if any) are confidential, protected by copyright and may be privileged. If you receive this e-mail in error, notify us immediately by reply e-mail, delete it and do not use, disclose or copy it.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparison of Four Major Industrial Disasters from the Perspective of Human Error Factor
    MATEC Web of Conferences 305, 00017 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202030500017 SESAM 2019 Comparison of four major industrial disasters from the perspective of human error factor Doru Costin Darabont*, Daniel Onut Badea , and Alina Trifu National Research and Development Institute of Occupational Safety “Alexandru Darabont” – INCDPM, B-dul Ghencea 35A, Bucharest, Romania Abstract. This paper presents the preliminary findings of a project still in progress at INCDPM regarding” Knowledge transfer partnership and research development in the assessment and prevention of occupational risks which may conduct to disaster”. After studying the major industrial disasters of our times, it become clear that even with technological advancement, human error is still the major cause of accidents and incidents. Analysis of human error and their role in accidents is an important part of developing systematic methods for reliability in the industry and risk prediction. To obtain data for predictive analysis is necessary to analyse accidents and incidents to identify its causes in terms of component failures and human errors. Therefore, a proper understanding of human factors in the workplace is an important aspect in the prevention of accidents, and human factors should be considered in any program to prevent those that are caused by human error. The comparison between four major industrial disasters (Chernobyl, Bhopal, Deepwater Horizon, Alpha Piper) was made using Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS), a modified version of "Swiss Cheese" model that describes the levels at which active failures and latent failures/conditions may occur within complex operations. 1 Introduction During the industry history a series of devastating accidents with huge costs both economical and in human lives have happened.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Piper Alpha Timeline
    2009, 21 August 1989, January 1988 1990 2000 MONTARA OIL SPILL, 2010 2012, April 2013 1996, 1 April AUSTRALIA 2012, January INDUSTRY CHAPLAINCY 2009 2010, May GUIDANCE ON THE FORMALISED 1992 2006, 6 April A blowout from the Montara wellhead REPORTING OF INJURIES, DISEASES caused a huge oil and gas leak and GUIDANCE ON THE CONDUCT AND MANAGEMENT OF AGEING AND STEP CHANGE IN SAFETY HCR subsequent slick. The leak continued for 74 In April 1986, a Church of Scotland minister, 2000, 1 April 2007, July OIL SPILL PREVENTION AND LIFE EXTENSION FOR UKCS AND DANGEROUS OCCURRENCES 2003, September days causing one of Australia’s worst oil MANAGEMENT OF OPERATIONAL 1988, 6 July the Reverend Andrew Wylie, came to HSE HYDROCARBON RELEASE NEW SAFETY CASE REGULATIONS REDUCTION TOOLKIT 1995, 20 June disasters. The blowout was attributed to a 2010, Q1 RESPONSE ADVISORY GROUP OIL AND GAS INSTALLATIONS Aberdeen to conduct a pilot scheme that DATABASE WENT LIVE REGULATIONS 1995 [RIDDOR] 2009, 1 April RISK ASSESSMENT FOR UKCS 1991 1995, April KP1 (HCR REDUCTION) 2002 KP2 REPORT PUBLISHED poor cementing job which led to the (OSPRAG) FORMED would examine the pastoral needs of the vast BRENT BRAVO The Offshore Installations (Safety Case) Asset integrity is a main area of focus for industry OFFSHORE OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS GUIDELINES PUBLISHED The Regulations are made under the Health and Safety 2003 2004 2006 cement casing failing. PIPER ALPHA EXPLOSION, UK onshore and offshore community in the North The Hydrocarbon Releases (HCR) database was set up in OFFSHORE INSTALLATIONS AND 1998, 25 September INSPECTION PROGRAMME FATAL ACCIDENT, UK 2005, 27 July Regulations 2005 were brought in to replace the with hydrocarbon releases as one of the key PERSONAL LOCATOR BEACONS Sea oil and gas industry.
    [Show full text]
  • BUILDING PROCESS SAFETY CULTURE: Tools to Enhance Process Safety Performance
    BUILDING PROCESS SAFETY CULTURE: Tools to Enhance Process Safety Performance Copyright © 2005 Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers 3 Park Avenue New York, New York 10016-5991 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owner. AIChE and CCPS are trademarks owned by the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. These trademarks may not be used without the prior express written consent of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. The use of this product in whole or in part for commercial use is prohibited without prior express written consent of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. To obtain appropriate license and permission for such use contact Scott Berger, 212-591-7237, [email protected]. Process Safety Culture Toolkit ISBN # 0-8169-0999-7 It is sincerely hoped that the information presented in this document will lead to an even more impressive safety record for the entire industry; however, neither the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, its consultants, CCPS Technical Steering Committee and Subcommittee members, their employers, their employers’ officers and directors, warrant or represent, expressly or by implication, the correctness or accuracy of the content of the information presented in this document. As between (1) American Institute of Chemical Engineers, its consultants, CCPS Technical Steering Committee and Subcommittee members, their employers, and their employers’ officers and directors, and (2) the user of this document, the user accepts any legal liability or responsibility whatsoever for the consequence of its use or misuse.
    [Show full text]
  • The Case for Safety: the North Sea Piper Alpha Disaster
    National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA SAFETY CENTER SYSTEM FAILURE CASE STUDY MAY 2013 VOLUME 7 ISSUE 4 The Case for Safety PROXIMATE CAUSE The North Sea Piper Alpha Disaster • Simultaneous maintenance work July 6, 1988, Piper Oilfield, North Sea: As shifts changed and the night crew aboard Piper Alpha on the pump and safety valve resulted in a condensate leak. assumed duties for the evening, one of the platform’s two condensate pumps failed. The crew worked to resolve the issue before platform production was affected. But unknown to the night UNDERLYING ISSUES shift, the failure occurred only hours after a critical pressure safety valve had just been removed • Defeated Design from the other condensate pump system and was temporarily replaced with a hand-tightened blind flange. As the night crew turned on the alternate condensate pump system, the blind flange • Negligent Culture failed under the high pressure, resulting in a chain reaction of explosions and failures across AFTERMATH Piper Alpha that killed 167 workers in the world’s deadliest offshore oil industry disaster. • The Cullen Inquiry resulted in 106 recommendations for changes to BACKGROUND wells initially extract a combination of oil, North Sea safety procedures—all natural gas, and salt-water brine that is of which were accepted by the Piper Alpha pumped to the platform. Once there, gas industry. and water are separated from the oil in Constructed for oil collection by McDermott production separators. Gas is separated off • The Health and Safety Executive Engineering and operated by Occidental and cooled to remove the gas condensate was to bear responsibility for Group, Piper Alpha was located 120 miles liquid.
    [Show full text]
  • Piper Alpha Explosio
    Piper Alpha: Lessons Learnt, 2008 Piper Alpha was a large North Sea oil platform that started production in 1976. It produced oil from 24 wells and in its early life it had also produced gas from two wells. It was connected by an oil pipeline to Flotta and by gas pipelines to two other installations. In 1988, Piper Alpha was operated by Occidental Petroleum (Caledonia) Ltd ("OpCal"), a wholly owned subsidiary of Occidental Petroleum Corporation. On 6 July 1988, there was a massive leakage of gas condensate on Piper Alpha, which was ignited causing an explosion which led to large oil fires. The heat ruptured the riser of a gas pipeline from another installation. This produced a further massive explosion and fireball that engulfed the Piper Alpha platform. All this took just 22 minutes. The scale of the disaster was enormous. 167 people died, 62 people survived. It is believed that the leak came from pipe work connected to a condensate pump. A safety valve had been removed from this pipe work for overhaul and maintenance. The pump itself was undergoing maintenance work. When the pipe work from which the safety valve had been removed was pressurised at start-up, it is believed the leak occurred. Initial response from industry As details of the causes of the disaster emerged, every offshore Operator carried out immediate wide-ranging assessments of their installations and management systems. These included: Improvements to the "permit to work" management systems Relocation of some pipeline emergency shutdown valves Installation of sub sea pipeline isolation systems Mitigation of smoke hazards Improvements to evacuation and escape systems Initiation of Formal Safety Assessments The industry invested in the order of £1 billion on these and other safety measures before Lord Cullen's Public Inquiry into the disaster reported.
    [Show full text]
  • Piper Alpha, 30 Years Later
    Evening Technical Meeting: Piper Alpha, 30 Years Later Wednesday, 13th June 2018 Parmelia Hilton Hotel, Mill St. Perth Onsite Registration 5.30 pm; Presentations 6.00 pm – 7.30 pm; Networking over drinks and finger food 7.30 pm – 8.30 pm To register for the event visit www.SUTETM13June2018.eventbrite.com.au Chaired by: Paul Farquharson, Regional SPS / Services Engineering Leader, Baker Hughes, a GE Company SUT Corporate Members: Remembering Piper Alpha– The Night that Changed Our World 2H Offshore Paul Farquharson, Regional SPS / Services Engineering Leader, Baker Hughes, a GE Company A60N Aker Solutions Piper Alpha was a production platform in the North Sea approximately 120 miles (190 km) north-east of Aberdeen, Scotland. Operated by Applus Occidental Petroleum (Caledonia) Limited. It began production in 1976 primarily as an oil only platform, but later converted to add gas Arup production. On the 6th July 1988, an explosion and resulting oil & gas fires destroyed the platform killing 167 people. 61 workers escaped Australian Maritime College (Staff only) Atteris and survived. 30 bodies were never recovered. This is a commemoration to the 167 workers who lost their lives that night and to those who Baker Hughes, a GE Company were directly affected by this disaster. Blue Ocean Monitoring Blue Zone Group BMT Group BP Exploration Piper Alpha – Testimonies and the Cullen Inquiry Carnegie Clean Energy Brendan Fitzgerald, Managing Director, Vanguard Solutions Chevron ConocoPhillips The presentation will address aspects of the Piper Alpha Disaster using extracts from the testimony of survivors. Brendan attended much of Curtin University (Staff only) the first part of the Inquiry and hearing & reading the testimony of the survivors changed his life forever.
    [Show full text]
  • RESEARCH REPORT 198 HSE Health & Safety Executive
    HSE Health & Safety Executive TEMPSC Structural Design Basis Determination Part 1 – Input Data Capture and Review Prepared by P A F A Consulting Engineers for the Health and Safety Executive 2004 RESEARCH REPORT 198 HSE Health & Safety Executive TEMPSC Structural Design Basis Determination Part 1 – Input Data Capture and Review P A F A Consulting Engineers Hofer House 185 Uxbridge Road Hampton Middlesex TW12 1BN UK This report, part 1, covers the first phase of a three phase HSE-funded study into the structural design basis determination for Totally Enclosed Motor Propelled Survival Craft (TEMPSC). Part 2 addresses Design Events and Failure Capabilities, Part 3: Event Levels and Safety Margins. Emphasis is placed on typical TEMPSC that are currently in-service in the UK Sector of the North Sea. In this study, a generic TEMPSC has been defined as a 50-man, Glass-fibre Reinforced Plastic (GRP), side-on davit- launched craft, stationed on a fixed steel platform. Such a craft would be typical of lifeboats installed in the early to mid 1980’s and therefore designed and manufactured in accordance with the pre-1986 amendments to the 1974 Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) regulations. The objective of the first phase of this project is to gather and review data relevant to the structural design basis for TEMPSC. This report and the work it describes were funded by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE). Its contents, including any opinions and/or conclusions expressed, are those of the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect HSE policy. HSE BOOKS © Crown copyright 2004 First published 2004 ISBN 0 7176 2819 1 All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Macondo Investigation Report Overview June 5, 2014
    US CHEMICAL SAFETY AND HAZARD INVESTIGATION BOARD INVESTIGATION REPORT OVERVIEW EXPLOSION AND FIRE AT THE MACONDO WELL (11 Fatalities, 17 Seriously Injured, and Serious Environmental Damage) DEEPWATER HORIZON RIG MISSISSIPPI CANYON BLOCK #252, GULF OF MEXICO APRIL 20, 2010 REPORT NO. 2010-10-I-OS 6/5/2014 Macondo Investigation Report Overview June 5, 2014 [This page is intentionally left blank.] 2 Macondo Investigation Report Overview June 5, 2014 Dedication The CSB dedicates this report to the eleven men who lost their lives as a result of the explosion and fire at the Macondo well on April 20, 2010. Jason Anderson Aaron Dale Burkeen Donald Clark Stephen Ray Curtis Gordon Jones Roy Wyatt Kemp Karl Kleppinger, Jr. Keith Blair Manuel Dewey A. Revette Shane M. Roshto Adam Weise 3 Macondo Investigation Report Overview June 5, 2014 [This page is intentionally left blank.] 4 Macondo Investigation Report Overview June 5, 2014 Contents PREFACE ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 INVESTIGATION OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................. 9 Incident Synopsis .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Scope of the Investigation ............................................................................................................................. 9 Organization
    [Show full text]