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Home , Ameles decolor, Anastatus, Entedon, Eupelmidae, Mordellistena parvula, Ptinomorphus

North-Western Journal of Zoology Vol. 5, No. 2, 2009, pp.307-320 P-ISSN: 1584-9074, E-ISSN: 1843-5629 Article No.: 051126

Romanian (, Chalcidoidea): new cytogenetic, faunistic and host records

Lucian FUSU

“Al. I. Cuza” University, Faculty of Biology, Bd. Carol I nr. 11, 700506, Iai, România, E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: Faunistic, cytogenetic and host data are presented for 15 species of Eupelmidae from east and south east Romania (Moldova and Dobroudja). The presence of Calosota viridis and C. obscura (Calosotinae) is confirmed and 11 species of Eupelmidae are newly recorded for Romania, including 3 species of Calosotinae (Calosota aestivalis, C. dusmeti and Eusandalum walkeri) and 8 species of Eupelminae ( catalonicus, A. lichtensteini, A. ruficaudus, Arachnophaga picardi, aloysii, Eup. fulvipes, Eup. vindex and Eup. maculatus). The male of Eup. aloysii is newly described and new host records are given for 4 species. A lectotype is designated for Anastatus picardi Bernard, 1936 and the status of the alleged type material of Anastatus ameleophagus Bernard, 1935 present in the collections of the Natural History Museum (London) is discussed. The karyotype n = 6 reported for Calosota obscura is the first recorded chromosome number for Calosotinae.

Key words: Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae, cytogenetics, new records, hosts.

Introduction consuming and not frequently used. The difficulty in collecting eupelmids combined The Eupelmidae is a small family of chalcid with the relatively few publications useful (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) with to identify them explains why the Ro- about 900 described species. Their larvae are manian Eupelmidae fauna is still poorly primary or secondary , usually of known. There is no recent monographic the preimaginal stages of but also revision of European Eupelmidae, but parasitising other groups of . Ruschka (1921), Ferrière (1954), Erds They are most specious in the tropical (1960), Bouek (1967), Kalina (1981a, b, 1988) regions, with only relatively few species and Askew & Nieves-Aldrey (2000, 2004, occurring in Europe (Noyes 2003). Many 2006) are the most useful papers for the species are rare in collections, partly identification of this group of microhy- because most Eupelmidae are infrequently menopterans. collected using sweep nets, the traditional method for collecting chalcid wasps. Inte- resting results are obtained using Malaise or Material and methods pan traps to collect individuals or by rearing Specimen sampling them from galls, dead wood infested with Specimens used in this study were collected mainly xylophagous coleopterans and other hosts. in nature reserves from East and South East Romania Unfortunately these techniques are time using a standard sweep net, yellow pan traps or

©NwjZ, Oradea, Romania, 2009 North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 www.herp-or.uv.ro/nwjz Oradea, Romania 308 Fusu, L. reared from their hosts as described by Noyes (1982). collection at “Al. I. Cuza” University of Iai, Collections were made during the years 2000-2008 by Romania. the author and other members of the micro- hymenoptera group from “Al. I. Cuza” University of Cytogenetics Iai, in the context of a long term investigation of Chromosome preparations for Calosota obscura were Romanian chalcidoid and proctotrupoid obtained from the ovaries of adult females as biodiversity. Several species were obtained from suggested by Gokhman & Quicke (1995) using the dead wood inhabited by xylophagous larvae standard technique of Imai et al. (1988). This method as a result of a study on the food plants of longhorn gives good metaphasic spreads from a very small (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) (Dasclu 2006). amount of cellular material as is the case of The species were identified using all the available microhymenopterans. Chromosomes were stained keys and descriptions and when possible by with 6% Giemsa in Sorensen's phosphate buffer comparing them with identified material or type (0.15M, pH 6.8). Chromosome classification, based material. All specimens are deposited in the author’s on centromere position, follows Levan et al. (1964).

CALOSOTINAE

Calosota Curtis, 1836

1. Calosota acron (Walker) Xestobium plumbeum (Illiger) and Anobium Eupelmus acron Walker, 1848: 219, United fulvicorne Sturm (new host records). This Kingdom. widely distributed European species was Trigonoderus contractus Walker, 1872: 85, recorded in Romania by Erds (1960). United Kingdom-England; synonymy by Graham, 1969a: 102 and 1969b: 91. Calosota anguinalis Ruschka, 1921: 250, 2. Calosota aestivalis Curtis Austria; synonymy by Bouek, 1968: 236. Calosota aestivalis Curtis, 1836: 596, United Calosota acron (Walker); combination by Kingdom. Bouek, 1968: 236. Calosoter vernalis Walker, 1837: 359, United Kingdom; synonymy by Graham, 1969b: Specimens examined. 7, Iai county, 90. Bârnova Forest, 20.III.2005, branches of Calosota fumipennis Bolívar y Pieltain, 1923: Carpinus with Xestobium sp., leg. Dasclu 65, Spain; synonymy by Askew & M.; 3, Bacu county, Gârleni village, Nieves-Aldrey, 2006: 89. 18.VII.2005, branches of Fagus sylvatica with Xestobium plumbeum (Illiger) and Anobium Specimens examined. 2, Iai county, fulvicorne, leg. Dasclu M. Bârnova Forest, 24.III.2005, branches of Comments. Recorded as associated with Carpinus with Xestobium plumbeum, Xesto- Anobium punctatum (De Geer) (Coleoptera, bium sp. and imperialis (L.), leg. Anobiidae) in old dry wood (Graham Dasclu M.; 1 Constana county, Hagieni 1969b). We reared C. acron from dry Forest Nature Reserve, VIII.2005, branches branches of Carpinus (Corylaceae) together of Fraxinus ornus with Clorophorus sartor, leg. with Xestobium sp. (Coleoptera, Anobiidae) Dasclu M.; 1, Iai county, Botanical and dry branches of Fagus (Fagaceae) with Garden of Iai, 15.II.2005, branches of Pinus

North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 Romanian Eupelmidae: new cytogenetic, faunistic and host records 309 nigra with Anthaxia sp., Magdalis memnonia, Specimens examined. 1, Botanical Garden Magdalis rufa, leg. Fusu L.; 1, Iai county, of Iai, 22.VII.2005, leg. Fusu L.; 2, Botanical Garden of Iai, 08.V.2007, leg. Constana county, Mangalia, Hagieni Forest Popescu I. Nature Reserve, 06.VII.2007, leg. Fusu L. & Comments. The species is a of Popovici O.; 1, Constana county, Valul lui xylophagous coleopteran larvae (Bouek Traian Nature Reserve, 16.V.2007, leg. Fusu 1977, Trjapitzin 1978) but has not previously L.; 2 Tulcea county, Gura Dobrogei Nature been recorded as associated with Chloro- Reserve, 12.V.2007, leg. Fusu L.; 1, Iai phorus sartor (Müller) (Coleoptera, Ceram- county, Bârnova Forest, Poiana cu Schit bycidae) or Xestobium spp. (Coleoptera, Nature Reserve, 21.VI.2007, leg. Fusu L. & Anobiidae) (new host records). It is widely Popovici O. distributed in Europe but has not been pre- Comments. The species was recorded as viously recorded from Romania (new re- associated with Aylacini galls (Hyme- cord). noptera: Cynipidae) on stems of herbaceous plants, but it is probably a parasitoid of some coleopteran larvae present in the same 3. Calosota dusmeti Bolívar y Pieltain stems (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey 2006, Calosota dusmeti Bolívar y Pieltain, 1929: 139, Gómez et al. 2006). It was also reared from Spain. Onopordum corymbosum Willk. (Compositae) stems together with Lixus sp. (Coleoptera, Specimens examined. 1, Iai county, Valea Curculionidae) and other beetles (Askew & lui David Nature Reserve, 15.VIII.2001, leg. Nieves-Aldrey 2006). Erds (1946, 1949, Mitroiu M.; 1, Constana county, Hagieni 1960), by dissecting plant stems, Forest Nature Reserve, 06.VII.2006, leg. unequivocally established that the species Fusu L. (treated by him as C. lixobia) is a parasitoid Comments. This species was previously of coleopteran larvae. He reared the species recorded with certainty only from Spain. from Lixus cardui Olivier larvae in the stems According to Askew et al. (2001) the record of Onopordum acanthium L. and from of Nikol’skaya (1952) for Tajikistan needs to parvula (Gyllenhal) larvae be confirmed. This is the first record from (Coleoptera, ) in the stems of Romania. Artemisia vulgaris L. (Compositae) (he described the specimens obtained from the latter host as C. lixobia var. mordellistenae 4. Calosota obscura Ruschka Erds). He also described C. lixobia var. Calosota obscura Ruschka, 1921: 249, Austria. hyperparasita Erds as a hyperparasitoid. It Calosota lixobia Erds, 1946: 133, ; parasitizes two chalcidoid species in the synonymy by Askew & Nieves-Aldrey, genus Entedon (Hymenoptera, ), 2006: 93. parasitoids of the true Lixus cardui, Calosota lixobia var. hyperparasita Erds, 1946: L. filiformis (Fabricius) and Rhinusa asellus 136, Hungary. (Gravenhorst) larvae. Calosota lixobia var. mordellistenae Erds, This species was tentatively recorded 1960: 201. from Romania by Andriescu (2003) as Calosota aff. obscura and the above records

North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 310 Fusu, L. confirm the presence of the species. The condensation in meiosis and mitosis, it is record of Calosota lixobia var. mordellistenae safe to assume that C. obscura has five pairs from Valea lui David Natural Reserve of dibrachial metacentric chromosomes, the (Suciu & Popescu 1965) was also probably first being evidently larger than the others, based on a specimen of C. obscura. and one pair of small subtelocentric chromosomes bearing a secondary constrict- Cytogenetics. The three specimens from the tion on the long arm near the primary con- Botanical Garden of Iai and Gura Dobrogei striction. Nature Reserve were used for cytogenetic The cytogenetic data presented here for studies. I managed to observe several mito- Calosota obscura (n = 6) are the first recorded tic prometaphasic plates with 12 chromo- karyotype from the Calosotinae. Previous somes, but exact chromosome morphology data for the Eupelmidae include only was impossible to determine; only meiotic species from the subfamily Eupelminae chromosomes examined during prophase I (Gokhman & Quicke 1995, Gokhman 2002a, of meiosis (Fig.1a) gave good results. Six Fusu 2008) that have karyotypes of n = 5, 7, bivalents were observed in diplotene, of 8 and 10. A karyotype with large meta- or which five are closed, ring-shaped, with two submetacentric chromosomes and a pair of chiasmata and one open with a single chias- small acrocentric or subtelocentric chromo- ma. Because the centromere is well visible somes as in C. obscura is a rare feature in in all chromosomes it was possible to Chalcidoidea, where karyotypes with bi- determine, more or less exactly, the type of armed chromosomes of similar size pre- each chromosome. A schematic representa- dominate (Gokhman 2002a). This kind of tion of the karyotype based on measure- karyotype, present in both Eupelmus ments taken from chromosomes in diplo- (Eupelminae) (Fusu 2008) and Calosota tene is shown in Fig.1b. Although the exact (Calosotinae) (present study), could be an centromere position may diverge to some autapomorphy that supports the mono- extent due to different degrees of chromatin phyly of Calosotinae + Eupelminae. Like

Figure 1. Chromosomes of Calosota obscura. a: diplotene with five closed and one open bivalent; b: schematic representation of the karyotype.

North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 Romanian Eupelmidae: new cytogenetic, faunistic and host records 311

other characters that could sustain the Tadzhikistan; synonymy by Bouek, monophyly of Eupelmidae (Gibson, 1989), 1970: 79. this one is also prone to homoplasy and is found in other, unrelated groups. A karyo- Specimens examined. 1, Tulcea county, type with similar features is present in some Babadag Forest, to the South from Codru Eulophidae (Gokhman 2002b, 2004), a few village, 28.VII.2007, leg. Fusu L. & Popovici (Goodpasture 1975, Good- O.; 1, Constana county, Agigea Natural pasture & Grissell 1975, Gokhman & Reserve, from galls of Tetramesa brevicornis Mikhailenko 2007) and on Festuca sp., VIII.2005, leg. Fusu L.; 1, (Baldanza et al. 1999, Baldanza & Giorgini Tulcea County, Danube Delta, Letea, sand 2001), indicating that similar chromosome dunes, yellow pan traps, 09-10.VI.2008, leg. sets must have evolved independently Popovici O. several times. The haploid chromosome Comments. This species is a parasitoid number of 5 in most Eupelmus and 6 in of Tetramesa spp. (Hymenoptera, Eury- Calosota seems to favor the hypothesis that tomidae) in stems of Gramineae (Bouek the two karyotypes are only superficially 1970). It was recorded from Tetramesa similar. cereipes Erds galls in stems of Elymus repens (L.) Gould (Gramineae) (Erds 1960) and we reared it from Tetramesa brevicornis (Walker) 5. Calosota viridis Masi galls on Festuca sp. (Gramineae) (new host Calosota viridis Masi, 1922: 142, . record). The record of this species (as C. Calosota modesta Bolívar y Pieltain, 1929: 133, matritensis) for Romania by Andriescu Spain; synonymy by Askew & Nieves- (2003) is most likely a misidentification be- Aldrey, 2006: 95. cause the single specimen was obtained Calosota matritensis Bolívar y Pieltain, 1929: from Scolytus rugulosus (Müller) (Coleo- 140, Spain; synonymy by Askew & ptera, Curculionidae) in branches of Malus Nieves-Aldrey, 2006: 95. pumila Mill. (Rosaceae) (very doubtful host Calosota coerulea Nikol'skaya, 1952: 483, record).

Eusandalum Ratzeburg, 1852

6. Eusandalum walkeri (Curtis) (Fig.2b) Specimens examined. 1, Constana county, Stenocera walkeri Curtis, 1836: 596, United Canaraua Fetei Nature Reserve, 16.V.2005, Kingdom. leg. Fusu L. & Popovici O. Stenoceroides walkeri (Curtis); combination Comments. This widely distributed but by Dalla Torre, 1898: 269. rare species was recorded as parasitoid of Eusandalum walkeri (Curtis); combination by Agrilus angustulus (Coleoptera, Buprestidae) Bouek, 1967: 268. (Bouek 1967). It is distributed in many Eusandelum walkeri (Curtis); misspelling of European countries, Israel and Georgia genus name by Vidal, 2001: 59. (Bouek 1967, Trjapitzin 1978); this is the first record of the species from Romania.

North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 312 Fusu, L.

Figure 2. Habitus of adult Eupelmidae: a - Eupelmus vindex, ; b - Eusandalum walkeri, ; c - Eupelmus aloysii, ; d - Eupelmus phragmitis, ; e - Eupelmus maculatus, ; f - Anastatus catalonicus, .

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EUPELMINAE

Anastatus Motschulsky, 1859

7. Anastatus catalonicus Bolívar y Pieltain Comments. Bernard (1935) described (Fig.2f) Anastatus ameleophagus on the base of 7 and Anastatus catalonicus Bolívar y Pieltain, 1935: 3 emerged in August from oothecae of 284, Spain. collected at Fréjus [in 1934 according to Bernard (1936)]. I examined the 6 and 3 Specimens examined. Bârnova Forest, Iai “cotypes” of Anastatus ameleophagus men- county: 1, 30.IX.2005, Curturi village, leg. tioned by Askew & Nieves-Aldrey (2004) Fusu L.; 2, 14.IX.2005, Poiana Ciobanului, and deposited in the Natural History Mu- leg. Fusu L.; 21, 21.VI.2007, Poiana cu seum, London (BMNH). All the specimens, Schit Nature Reserve, leg. Fusu L. & although labeled “cotype”, are clearly not Popovici O. part of the type series: 4 and 1 have the Comments. The species is a parasitoid in right locality and host data but were reared the eggs of Iris oratoria (L.) (Mantodea, in May, not in August (the label of one ) (Ferrière 1954) and Lymantria specimen also mentions the year 1935); 2 dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera, Lymantriidae) and 2 are from Nice. I suppose the (Maier 1995). It was described from conti- specimens in BMNH are a part of those nental Spain (Bolívar y Pieltain 1935) and mentioned later by Bernard (1936) in his subsequently recorded from Canary Islands paper on the biology of A. ameleophagus and (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey 2004), France were accidentally labeled as cotypes. (Ferrière 1954) and (Maier 1995); The species is a parasitoid in mantid new to the Romanian fauna. ootheca (Mantodea, Mantidae). The list of known hosts include Ameles decolor (Char- pentier) (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey 2004), 8. Anastatus lichtensteini (Ruschka) Ameles abjecta Cyrillo and Iris oratoria Eupelmus lichtensteini Ruschka, 1921: 299, (Ferrière 1954). The association with France. religiosa (L.) (Ruschka 1921) seems dubious Anastatus lichtensteini (Ruschka); (Ferrière 1954) and needs confirmation. It combination by Ferrière, 1954: 11. was hitherto known only from France, Mo- Anastatus ameleophagus Bernard, 1935: 209, rocco (Ferrière 1954) and Spain (Askew & France; synonymy by Ferrière, 1954: 11. Nieves-Aldrey 2004). According to Erds (1960: 189) the record from Hungary (Erds Specimens examined. ROMANIA: 1, Tul- 1947) was based on a misidentification. New cea county, Gura Dobrogei Natural Reserve, to the Romanian fauna. 12.V.2007, leg. Fusu L.; FRANCE: 1, Fréjus (Var), Ameles, V.’35, F. Bernard; 31, Fréjus (Var), Ameles eclos V, F. Bernard; 2, 9. Anastatus ruficaudus Ferrière Nice 1; 2, Nice 7 (all the specimens from Anastatus ruficaudus Ferrière, 1954: 15, France are identified as A. ameleophagus by France. F. Bernard and deposited in BMNH).

North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 314 Fusu, L.

Specimens examined. 3, Constana county, subsequently recorded from United Alah-Bair Hill Nature Reserve, 10.IX.2005, Kingdom (Askew 1987) and Slovakia leg. Fusu L. (Kalina 1989). It is new to the Romanian Comments. This rare species was fauna. Nothing is known of its host described from France (Ferrière 1954) and associations.

Arachnophaga Ashmead, 1896

10. Arachnophaga (Parasolindenia) picardi labeled as ‘cotypes’. The two females have (Bernard) the right labels (see above under specimens Anastatus picardi Bernard, 1936: 71, France. examined) and are clearly syntypes of Mercetina picardi (Bernard); combination by Anastatus picardi Bernard. The male, labeled Ferrière, 1954: 17. “Fréjus (Var), Ameles, VII 35, F. Bernard”, Arachnophaga picardi (Bernard); combination “COTYPE”, “Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. B. M. by Askew & Nieves-Aldrey, 2004: 34. 1937-132” and “Anastatus Picardi , F. Bernard det.” is a dark male of Anastatus Specimens examined. FRANCE: Lectotype ameleophagus Bernard [=Anastatus lichten- of Anastatus picardi Bernard (present steini (Ruschka)] and should be removed designation) with the following labels: from the type series. To avoid possible “Fréjus (Var), eclos VII – 35, F. Bernard”, “ confusion resulting from the mixed type oothèque Ameles”, “COTYPE”, “Pres. by series and the presence in Muséum National Imp. Inst. Ent. B. M. 1937-132”, “Anastatus d’Histoire Naturelle (Paris) of a non type Picardi , F. Bernard det.” and “ in genus specimen labeled as type (Askew & Nieves- Eupelmella, Ch. Ferrière det.”; Paralectotype Aldrey 2004), the female from Fréjus (Var) is of Anastatus picardi Bernard (present selected as lectotype. It is uncontorted, designation) with the following labels: entire (except for the missing forewing “Nice 2”, “COTYPE”, “Pres. by Imp. Inst. rudiments) and glued with the ventral part Ent. B. M. 1937-132” and “Anastatus Picardi on a rectangular card. , F. Bernard det.”; ROMANIA: 1, Like two of the previously mentioned Constana county, Agigea Natural Reserve, Anastatus, this species is a parasitoid in 28-29.IV.2006, leg. Fusu L. mantid ootheca. The list of known hosts Comments. Bernard (1936) described includes Ameles decolor, Ameles abjecta, Iris Anastatus picardi on the base of 13 and 8 oratoria, Empusa pennata (Thunberg) emerged in July from oothecae of Ameles (Ferrière 1954) and possibly Ameles spa- decolor collected at Fréjus and in October llanzania (Rossi) (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey from oothecae collected at Nice. As 2004). It was hitherto known only from mentioned by Askew & Nieves-Aldrey France, Spain (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey (2004), in Natural History Museum 2004) and Italy (Herting 1971); new to the (London) there are 2 and 1 of A. picardi Romanian fauna.

North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 Romanian Eupelmidae: new cytogenetic, faunistic and host records 315

Eupelmus Dalman, 1820

11. Eupelmus (Eupelmus) aloysii Russo zonus Förster [I have examined the spe- (Fig.2c) cimen mentioned by Andriescu (2003); it Eupelmus aloysii Russo, 1938: 229, Italy. was reared from Phaseolus vulgaris L. Eupelmus sculpturatus Nikol'skaya, 1952: (Leguminosae) seeds with Bruchidae lar- 502, Russia-Voronezh Oblast; synonymy vae]. The male of Eupelmus aloysii has proposed by Kalina, 1988: 3. apparently never been recorded nor des- Eupelmus suecicus Hedqvist, 1963: 137, cribed. A short description and comparative Sweden; synonymy by Bouek, 1968: notes are given below to facilitate the recog- 237. nition of the male of this peculiar species. Description of the male: Head and meso- Specimens examined. 21, Botanical soma dark green, with copper and golden Garden of Iai, 15.II.2005, branches of Pinus reflections, fainter on head and stronger on nigra with Pityogenes bistridentatus and mesosoma; mesopleuron dark bluish-green; Pityophthorus buyssoni, leg. Fusu L.; 1, Iai dark with faint bluish-green county, Bârnova Forest, 20.III.2005, dry luster at base. Antennae dark brown; scape branches of , leg. Dasclu M.M.; 1, with a dirty yellow stripe on the lower Vrancea county, Paltin village, 14- external margin. Legs dirty yellow except 15.IX.2007, Yellow Pan Traps, leg. Chiriac front femora slightly darkened in middle, Nicoleta. middle and hind femora brown with basal Comments. This species is a parasitoid and apical parts yellowish brown, and tarsi of bark larvae (Coleoptera, Curcu- yellowish white with the last two segments lionidae, Scolytinae). Phloeotribus scara- dark brown. Fore wing slightly infuscated, baeoides (Bernard) (Russo 1938), Hylesinus pale brown, with brownish venation toranio (Danthoine) (Hedqvist 1963), Scolytus (Fig.2c). Head with several long setae on the sp. (Nikol'skaya 1952) and Scolytus intricatus lower face near the malar sulcus; transverse Ratzeburg (Markovi & Stojanovi 2003, as in dorsal view, 2 times as broad as long and E. sculpturatus) have been previously lenticular in lateral view, 1.65 times as high recorded as hosts. We have also found the as long. Eyes separated by 0.5 times head species associated with Pityogenes bistri- breadth; ocelli arranged in obtuse triangle of dentatus (Eichhoff) and Pityophthorus buy- about 120°; postocellar line 2 times longer ssoni Reitter in dead branches of Pinus nigra than ocellar-ocular line. Antennae long, J.F.Arnold (Pinaceae) (new host records). It combined length of pedicel and flagellum is very rarely collected but widely twice breadth of head; flagellum cylindrical distributed in Europe, from Italy and Spain with elongated segments, flagellomere 1 in the south (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey 2000) very short, ring-like, flagellomere 2 about 3 to Sweden in the north (Hedqvist 1963, times longer than wide, flagellomere 8 2003); it is new to the Romanian fauna. The about 2 times longer than wide and 0.7 record of Eupelmus aff. sculpturatus Ni- times the length of flagellomere 2; scape 3 kol'skaya for Romania (Andriescu 2003) was times longer than wide. Mesosoma 1.6 times not connected with Eupelmus aloysii but with longer than wide; fore wing 2.25 times a species close to Eupelmus (Eupelmus) micro- longer than wide, with well developed spe-

North-West J Zool, 5, 2009 316 Fusu, L. culum below parastigma; marginal vein: 13. Eupelmus (Eupelmus) phragmitis Erds stigmal vein: postmarginal vein = 30 : 8 : 11 (Fig.2d) (Fig.3). Body length 1.75 mm. Eupelmus phragmitis Erds, 1955b: 35, 45, The male of E. aloysii can be disting- Hungary. uished from other Eupelmus (Eupelmus) males in Europe by a unique combination of Specimens examined. 1, Botanical Garden characters: very elongated flagellomeres [si- of Iai, 19.VI.2004, leg. Popovici O.; 1, Iai milar to the male of Eupelmus (Episolindelia) county, Bârnova Forest, Curturi village, linearis Förster, but in this species pedicel 29.V.2005, leg. Fusu L. plus flagellum is about 1.8 times longer than Comments. This infrequently collected breadth of head]; dark green color of the species associated with Phragmites australis body, with legs extensively dirty yellow; (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (Gramineae) was slightly infuscated fore wings. described from Hungary (Erds 1955b) and subsequently found in (Bouek 1968) and Danube Delta in Roma- 12. Eupelmus (Eupelmus) fulvipes Förster nia (Tudor & Roman 1973). It is a parasitoid Eupelmus fulvipes Förster, 1860: 127, Austria. of Tetramesa phragmitis (Erds) (Hyme- noptera, ) (Erds 1960, Tudor Specimens examined. 1, Constana county, & Roman 1973). The species was not men- Hagieni Forest Nature Reserve, 25.VI.2000, tioned in the list of Romanian Eupelmidae leg. Mitroiu M. by Andriescu (2003). Comments. This rarely collected species was recorded from Caucasus, Central Europe (Bouek 1977) and South Europe in 14. Eupelmus (Eupelmus) vindex Erds Spain (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey 2000) and (Fig.2a) Italy (Askew et al. 2006). According to Eupelmus vindex Erds, 1955a: 291, Hungary. Bouek (1977) all host records for this species are dubious. It was recorded Specimens examined. 2, Botanical Garden recently as a parasitoid of Diplolepis mayri of Iai, 22.VII.2005, leg. Fusu L. (Schlechtendal) (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) Comments. This rare species is easy to (Askew et al. 2006). recognize by the peculiar shape of the head

Figure 3. Antenna and fore wing in the male of Eupelmus aloysii.

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that looks triangular in lateral view (Fig.2a; (type locality) and Spain only in having the Fig.4h in Erds 1955a), due to the cons- tegula yellow to brownish yellow (Fig.2e) picuously flattened vertex and protruding and not snow-white. According to Kalina lower parascrobal region; ovipositor short (1981: 93) the records from Algeria, and stout, with ovipositor sheath (measured Tadzhikistan, and Republic of from the middle of constriction that delimits Moldova are based on similarly colored the 2nd valvifer from the 3rd valvula) at specimens. It is not clear to me if this is due most 0.65 times length of hind tibia; fore to geographical variation of E. maculatus or wing uniformly infuscated; scape tawny to if these specimens represent a different dark brown, legs mostly testaceous. It was species. described from Hungary (Erds 1955a) and subsequently found in Italy (Bouek 1970) and India from where it was reported as a parasitoid of Scolytus sp. (Narendran et al. Discussion 2001); the record from India seems quite improbable and needs a confirmation. New Andriescu (2003) listed 29 species in a to the Romanian fauna. catalog of Romanian Eupelmidae and Tudor & Roman (1973) found Eupelmus phragmitis in the Danube Delta. Because Calosota lixobia 15. Eupelmus (Macroneura) ? maculatus is considered a synonym of C. obscura (Ferrière) (Fig.2e) (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey 2006) and both Eupelmella maculata Ferrière, 1954: 9, France. names were listed in the above mentioned Macroneura maculata (Ferrière); combination catalog, the species list of Eupelmidae from by Kalina, 1981: 105. Romania included 29 currently accepted Eupelmus (Macroneura) maculatus (Ferrière); names. The present paper adds 11 more combination by Askew & Nieves- species for a total of 40 species from Aldrey, 2000: 57. Romania. This number is probably fairly close to the actual number of species Specimens examined. 1, Tulcea county, because it is equal to or greater than the near Babadag city, forest edge by the number of Eupelmidae species recorded highway, 21.VII.2006, leg. Popovici O.; 1, from Hungary (37 species), Italy (40 Botanical Garden of Iai, 20.VIII.2008, leg. species), Czech Republic (29 species) and Fusu L. & Popovici O. Slovakia (31 species) (Noyes 2003). Comments. This species is recorded However in Spain there are 61 species from France (Ferrière 1954), Spain (Askew & registered to date (Askew & Nieves-Aldrey Nieves-Aldrey 2000), Algeria, Tadzhikistan, 2000, 2004, 2006). This suggests that at least Bulgaria and Republic of Moldova (Ciumai) 10 more species might be present in (Kalina 1981b); it is new to the Romanian Romania because it is the only European fauna. The specimen from Iai is the most country with more than four biogeogra- northern (N 47° 11’) record of this phical regions. While Romania has five of thermophilous species. The specimens from the 11 European biogeographical regions, Romania differ from those in south France Spain has only three (Doni et al. 2005).

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Further collecting effort is needed to fully Monegros region, Zaragosa. Monografias Sociedad investigate the Eupelmidae of Romania. Entomológica Aragonesa 4: 1-76. Askew, R. R., Plantard, O., Gómez, J. F., Hernandez Nieves, M., Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2006): Catalogue of parasitoids and inquilines in galls of Aylacini, Diplolepini and Pediaspidini (Hym., Cynipidae) in Acknowledgments. I thank my colleagues Ovidiu West Palaearctic. Zootaxa 1301: 3-60. Popovici, Maria-Magdalena Dasclu, Mircea Mitroiu, Baldanza, F., Giorgini, M. (2001): Karyotype and NOR Irinel Popescu and Chiriac Nicoleta for contributing with localization differences between Encarsia formosa valuable specimens, Prof. Ionel Andriescu for Gahan and Encarsia luteola Howard (Hymenoptera: information on the subject and help in locating some Aphelinidae). Bollettino del Laboratorio di publications and Ionu Iorgu for taking the Entomologia Agraria Filippo Silvestri 56: 33–41. photomicrographs. I am thankful to John Noyes and Baldanza, F., Gaudio, L., Viggiani, G. (1999): Andrew Polaszek for their kind support during my stay Cytotaxonomic studies of Encarsia Foerster (Hyme- at the Natural History Museum, London and to the three noptera: Aphelinidae). Bulletin of Entomological anonymous referees for their critical and very useful Research 89: 209-215. comments on this paper. This research received support Bernard, F. (1935): Un nouvel Hyménoptère parasite des from the SYNTHESYS Project (http://www.synthesys oothèques de mantide: Anastatus ameleophagus .info/) which is financed by European Community n.sp. Bulletin de la Société Zoologique de France 60: Research Infrastructure Action under the FP6 208-211. “Structuring the European Research Area” Programme Bernard, F. (1936): Morphologie et comportement des (application GB-TAF-4479). Anastatus (Hym. ) parasites d'oothèques de mantides. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France 41: 69-75. Bolívar y Pieltain, C. (1923): Estudios sobre calcídidos de References la familia Eupélmidos. II. Especies españolas de Calosota Curt. Revista de Fitopatología 1: 62-69. Andriescu, I. (2003): La famille Eupelmidae Bolívar y Pieltain, C. (1929): Estudio monografico de las (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) en Roumanie. especies españolas del genero Calosota (Hym. Verhandlungen des 15 Internationalen Symposium Chalc.). Eos, Revista Española di Entomologia 5: für Entomofaunistik in Mitteleuropa SIEEC in Iasi 123-142. (22-27.09.1996): 195-200. Bolívar y Pieltain, C. (1935): Estudio monográfico de las Askew, R. R. (1987): Anastatus ruficaudus (new record) especies españolas del genero Anastatus Motsch. Ferriere (Hymenoptera Chalcidoidea). A eupelmid (Hym. Chalc.). Eos, Revista Española di new to Britain. Entomologist's Monthly Magazine Entomologia 10: 273-292. 123: 49-50. Bouek, Z. (1967): Revision of species of Eusandalum Askew, R. R., Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2000): The genus Ratz. (Hym., Eupelmidae). Acta Entomologica Eupelmus Dalman, 1820 (Hymenoptera, Bohemoslovaca 64: 261-293. Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae) in peninsular Spain and Bouek, Z. (1968): Contributions to the Czechoslovak the Canary Islands, with taxonomic notes and fauna of Chalcidoidea (Hym.). Acta Faunistica descriptions of new species. Graellsia 56: 49-61. Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 12: 231-260. Askew, R. R., Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2004): Further Bouek, Z. (1970): Contribution to the knowledge of observations on Eupelminae (Hymenoptera, Italian Chalcidoidea based mainly on a study at the Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae) in the Iberian peninsula Institute of Entomology in Turin, with descriptions and Canary Islands, including descriptions of new of some new European species (Hymenoptera). species. Graellsia 60: 27-39. Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana 49: 35- Askew, R. R., Nieves-Aldrey, J. L. (2006): Calosotinae 102. and Neanastatinae in the Iberian peninsula and Bouek, Z. (1977): A faunistic review of the Yugoslavian Canary Islands, with descriptions of new species Chalcidoidea (Parasitic Hymenoptera). Acta and a supplementary note on Cameron, Entomologica Jugoslavica 13: 1-145. 1884 (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eupelmidae). Curtis, J. (1836): British Entomology 13: 578-624, London. Graellsia 62: 87-100. Dalla Torre, K. W. von (1898): Catalogus Hyme- Askew, R. R., Blasco-Zumeta, J., Pujade-Villar, J. (2001): nopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et Chalcidoidea and (Hyme- synonymicus. V. Chalcididae et , noptera) of a Juniperus thurifera L. forest of Los Lepzig.

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