Fifty Years Young, with a Rich Future Ahead
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Canada Picks up the Torch 1956-1962
16 17 CHAPTER TWO CANADA PICKS UP THE TORCH 1956-1962 “Progress means nothing unless people come along with it of their own free will. Efficiency is merely another name for tyranny unless it is consciously achieved by the voluntary actions of groups of human beings. It is up to people like you to make certain that mankind retains responsibility for and control of his environment and does not let the world slide into a state of confusion merely for lack of thought or foresight.” – HRH The Duke of Edinburgh, 1962 The success at Oxford in 1956 did not appear, initially at least, to portend a second Conference. Indeed, the Oxford Conference trustees – the Council – met on November 23, 1956, to begin dismantling the body that had carried the day so well four months earlier. The minutes of that meeting, under the chairmanship of Sir Harold Hartley, record that the first order of business was the terms of reference “to supervise the final winding up of the Conference affairs by the end of 1956 if possible.” Trustees also resolved to “determine and to dispose of any surplus funds at the termination of the Conference.” The Finance Committee reported a balance of £12,458. 9s. 1d. at Barclays Bank. When presented with an estimate of nearly £4,000 to print 5,000 copies of the Conference Report (including “400 presentation copies to be signed by His Royal Highness”), it was agreed “in view of the surplus funds at the disposal of the trustees” to authorize a “first printing” of 6,000 copies, including 3,500 complimentary copies. -
The Canadian Brewing Industry's Response to Prohibition, 1874-1920
The Canadian Brewing Industry’s Response to Prohibition, 1874-1920 Matthew J Bellamy The prohibitionist are putting us out of terms of the nation-forming British North business, so that we have lost heavily.1 America Act of 1867, the provinces had the constitutional power to prohibit the A.E. Cross, Calgary Brewing and retail sale of intoxicating drink. This vast Malting Co., 1916 power was first exercised by Canada's smallest province, Prince Edward Island; At the dawn of the twentieth century, its prohibition period lasted the longest - prohibition became part of a broader from 1901 to 1948. Nova Scotia was impulse in North American and Nordic the next Canadian province to jump countries to regulate the production and aboard the wagon (1916 to 1930), then consumption of alcoholic beverages. In came Ontario (1916 to 1927), Alberta some nations the ‘noble experiment’ last- (1916 to 1924), Manitoba (1916 to 1923), ed longer than in others. For instance, in Saskatchewan, (1917-1925), New the Russian Empire and Soviet Union Brunswick (1917 to 1927), British prohibition existed from 1914 to 1925; in Columbia (1917 to 1921), and the Yukon Iceland it lasted from 1915 to 1922; in Territory (1918-1921). Newfoundland, Norway it remained a sobering fact of life which was not part of Canada at that for eleven years (1916-1927); in Finland time, imposed prohibition in 1917 and prohibition was enforced from 1919 to repealed it in 1924. Quebec's experiment 1932 - thirteen long years, the same with banning the sale of all alcoholic amount of time that it existed in the drinks, in 1919, lasted only a few months. -
The Kent Brewery Building at 197 Ann Street
Evaluation of Cultural Heritage Value or Interest: The Kent Brewery building at 197 Ann Street 1.0 Background 1.1 Property Location The property at 197 Ann Street is located on the south side of Ann Street east of St. George Street (Appendix A). The property at 197 Ann St. consists of a two-storey main building (the Kent Brewery building), the adjoining one-storey brewery washhouse, a side garage, and three storage/garage outposts that extend to the back of the property. 1.2 Cultural Heritage Status The property at 197 Ann Street was added to the Inventory of Heritage Resources in 1997. In 2007, the Inventory of Heritage Resources was adopted in its entirety as the Register pursuant to Section 27 of the Ontario Heritage Act by Municipal Council. The property at 197 Ann Street is a potential cultural heritage resource. 1.3 Description The Old Kent Brewery at 197 Ann St is a two-storey former industrial building built for purpose as a proto-industrial mid-19th century brewery (Appendix B). It has the simple spare lines and square form of the Georgian style which was eminently suited to its utilitarian and vernacular function. It adheres to the Georgian style with its simplicity: the flat planes of its façade and side walls and the symmetry in the placement of the windows. The symmetry of the façade is broken by the side placement of the front door which allowed more space inside for production activities. This building is clad in locally-sourced London buff brick and an Italianate influence can be seen in the construction of an elaborate and corbelled brick cornice above. -
Ownership, Control, Decision-Making in the Mainline Commercial Media - Background Paper for One Media 75 Series the Canadian H~Storian
Ownership, control, decision-making in the mainline commercial media - Background Paper For One Media 75 Series The Canadian h~storian. Harold (I 16) "controlled or partially owned have not been computed. but radio Innib. has pomted out that the control by groups" accounted for 778 of the and TVchains criss-cross the coun- of information mems the control of total in Canada. This figure today has try and link in places with other thought and therefore of society. increased to 89%. broadcast, cable and print media. His student, Marshall McLuhan, Davey reported that the 3 largest Several are imbedded in industrial followed on to say that media are like groups in Canada - Southam, Free conglomerates. For example, Stan- a giant massage parlor constantly Press Publications and Thomson -. dard Broadcasting owns CFRB, body-rubbing the public. accounted for 44.7% of the total. CKFM, CFRX in Toronto, CJAD, Many others have commented on Today that figure has grown to 52%. Montreal, and has an interest in the power of the mass media, ranging Even while the Davey Committee Bushnell Communications, the from Will Rogers' folksy quip, "All was meeting, and since then, 9 licensee of CJOH-TV, Ottawa. I know is what I read in the newspa- dailies have been enchained: F.P. Standard is in turn owned 38% by pers' ' to Nicholas Johnson's "Tele- has added the Montreal Star to its Argus Corporation which has in- vision is one of the most power- string of 8 papers. So~~thamhas terests in Dominion Stores. Domtar. ful forces man has ever unleashed added 4 dailies to its list of 9 papers Hollinger Mines, Massey Ferguson upon himself." and Thomson has added 4 papers to and B.C. -
The Rise and Fall of the Widely Held Firm: a History of Corporate Ownership in Canada
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from the National Bureau of Economic Research Volume Title: A History of Corporate Governance around the World: Family Business Groups to Professional Managers Volume Author/Editor: Randall K. Morck, editor Volume Publisher: University of Chicago Press Volume ISBN: 0-226-53680-7 Volume URL: http://www.nber.org/books/morc05-1 Conference Date: June 21-22, 2003 Publication Date: November 2005 Title: The Rise and Fall of the Widely Held Firm: A History of Corporate Ownership in Canada Author: Randall Morck, Michael Percy, Gloria Tian, Bernard Yeung URL: http://www.nber.org/chapters/c10268 1 The Rise and Fall of the Widely Held Firm A History of Corporate Ownership in Canada Randall K. Morck, Michael Percy, Gloria Y. Tian, and Bernard Yeung 1.1 Introduction At the beginning of the twentieth century, large pyramidal corporate groups, controlled by wealthy families or individuals, dominated Canada’s large corporate sector, as in modern continental European countries. Over several decades, a large stock market, high taxes on inherited income, a sound institutional environment, and capital account openness accompa- nied the rise of widely held firms. At mid-century, the Canadian large cor- porate sector was primarily freestanding widely held firms, as in the mod- ern large corporate sectors of the United States and United Kingdom. Then, in the last third of the century, a series of institutional changes took place. These included a more bank-based financial system, a sharp abate- Randall K. Morck is Stephen A. Jarislowsky Distinguished Professor of Finance at the University of Alberta School of Business and a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research. -
Guide to Energy Efficiency Opportunities in the Canadian Brewing Industry
GUIDE TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY OPPORTUNITIES IN THE CANADIAN BREWING INDUSTRY SECOND EDITION, 2011 IN COLLABORATION WITH THE BREWERS ASSOCIATION OF CANADA Disclaimer Every effort was made to accurately present the information contained in the Guide. The use of corporate or trade names does not imply any endorsement or promotion of a company, commercial product, system or person. Opportunities presented in this Guide for implementation at individual brewery sites do not represent specific recommendations by the Brewers Association of Canada, Natural Resources Canada or the authors. The aforementioned parties do not accept any responsibility whatsoever for the implementation of such opportunities in breweries or elsewhere. For more information or to receive additional copies of this publication, contact: Canadian Industry Program for Energy Conservation Natural Resources Canada 580 Booth Street, 12th floor Ottawa ON K1A 0E4 Tel.: 613-995-6839 Fax: 613-992-3161 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: cipec.gc.ca or Brewers Association of Canada 100 Queen Street, Suite 650 Ottawa ON K1P 1J9 Tel.: 613-232-9601 Fax: 613-232-2283 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.brewers.ca Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Energy Efficiency Opportunities in the Canadian Brewing Industry Also available in French under the title: Les possibilités d’amélioration du rendement énergétique dans l’industrie brassicole canadienne Issued by the Canadian Industry Program for Energy Conservation. Cat. No. (online) M144-238/2012E-PDF ISBN 978-1-100-20439-0 Photos courtesy of the Brewers Association of Canada. © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, Second Edition, 2012, supplanting the 1998 original version and the reprint of 2003 GUIDE TO ENERGY EFFICIENCY OPPORTUNITIES IN THE CANADIAN BREWING INDUSTRY ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Brewers Association of Canada gratefully acknowledges the financial support and guidance from Natural Resources Canada (Canadian Industry Program for Energy Conservation (CIPEC)). -
B. Background of Molson Inc
Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Ottawa ON K1A ON4 Canada Canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence dowing the exclusive permettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microfom, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/fïlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fkom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. CHAPTER ONE: SETTING AND CONTEXT OF STUDY A. Introduction Molson Inc. ("Molson") has been in the brewery business since 1786, representing one of Canada's oldest consumer brands. Ending a period of diverse corporate holdings, 1998 saw the retum of the organization to its core business following the sale of other unrelated holdings, The Molson 1999 Annual Report (fiscal year endhg March 3 1, 1999) boasts 3,850 ernployees and seven brewexies across Canada, including the subject of this paper, the Molson plant located in Barrie, Ontario, approximately 100 kilometers north of Toronto ("Molson B amie"). The 1990s were for Molson a time of continuous corporate change and restructuring dnven by the necessity to meet the pressures of a world economy that was rapidly changing on cornpetitive, regulatory and technical fronts. -
Authority: North Community Council Report No. 1, Clause No. 4, As
Authority: North Community Council Report No. 1, Clause No. 4, as adopted by City of Toronto Council on January 30, 31 and February 1, 2001 Enacted by Council: February 1, 2001 CITY OF TORONTO BY-LAW No. 53-2001 To designate the property at 5365 Leslie Street (Green Meadows/The McDougald Estate) as being of architectural and historical value or interest. WHEREAS authority was granted by Council to designate the property at 5365 Leslie Street (Green Meadows/The McDougald Estate) as being of architectural and historical value or interest; and WHEREAS the Ontario Heritage Act authorizes the Council of a municipality to enact by-laws to designate real property, including all the buildings and structures thereon, to be of historical or architectural value or interest; and WHEREAS the Council of the City of Toronto has caused to be served upon the owners of the land and premises known as 5365 Leslie Street and upon the Ontario Heritage Foundation, Notice of Intention to designate the property and has caused the Notice of Intention to be published in a newspaper having a general circulation in the municipality as required by the Ontario Heritage Act; and WHEREAS the reasons for designation are set out in Schedule “A” to this by-law; and WHEREAS no notice of objection to the proposed designation was served upon the Clerk of the municipality; The Council of the City of Toronto HEREBY ENACTS as follows: 1. The property at 5365 Leslie Street, more particularly described in Schedule “B” and shown on Schedule “C” attached to this by-law, is designated as being of architectural and historical value or interest. -
CONRAD BLACK: a TYCOON in TROUBLE Introduction
CONRAD BLACK: A TYCOON IN TROUBLE Introduction The headlines could hardly have been when it blocked his appointment to a Focus more dramatic. “Black’s Darkest Day” peerage in Britain. Black, who is notori- This News in said The Globe and Mail. “The Fall of a ous for the number of lawsuits he has Review module is an examination of Media Baron” and “Peer Today, Gone brought against those he feels have the collapse of the Tomorrow” wrote The Economist. defamed him, sued the Prime Minister, newspaper empire “Black Eye for Conrad Black” chimed and lost. of Conrad Black, in Newsweek. These are just a few The following year, Black began one of Canada’s samples of the media reaction to the selling off his Canadian newspapers, most successful collapse of Conrad Black’s control of including a 50 per cent interest in the businessmen. We examine Black’s rise his newspaper empire at Hollinger National Post, mostly to CanWest to power, his International. Global Communications. In 2001 he extravagant life- At the time of his losing control, renounced his Canadian citizenship and style, and the Black was one of the most powerful was appointed Lord Black of circumstances that media lords in Britain. The London Crossharbour. The sale of the rest of his led to his losing control of Hollinger Daily Telegraph, the Jerusalem Post, Canadian media assets soon followed. International, the and the Chicago Sun-Times were his Canadians nevertheless have re- source of most of three leading newspapers, but Hollinger mained fascinated with Conrad Black his wealth. -
Who-Owns-Canada.Pdf
summary The Imperialist Nature of the PART 1: Who Controls the Economy? PART2: Canadian Bourgeoisie The concept of imperialism • Concentration and • Control of capital monopoly — The early 1900s — Concentration today • The strongholds of the Ca• nadian Bourgeoisie • Financial capital and the — Canadian giants in each financial oligarchy sector of the economy — The creation of Canadian finance capital at the — State corporations beginning of the 20th century — Canada's banks — Finance capital today — The financial oligarchy • The export of capital • The place of US imperialism — Who controls Canada's in the Canadian economy export of capital? — Fluctuations in US control — In which economic sectors — Tendency to decline since is Canadian foreign 1970 investment found? — The present state of US domination • The division of the world. — Canadian participation in the economic division of the world — Canada and the territorial • Who controls the strategic division of the world sectors of Canada's — The question of colonies economy? 8 9 Who owns Canada? Who controls the economy While other writers admit an independent Canadian —Canadian or foreign capitalists? bourgeoisie was able to develop, they insist that it This question has long been at the heart of quickly fell under US domination. debates among those who are committed to fighting Mel Watkins (4), for example, maintains that capitalism in our country. For by determining who around the turn of the century "the indigenous bour• controls economic and thus political power in Canada, geoisie dominates foreign capital and the state..."(5). we can identify the main enemy in our struggle for But the US rapidly turned Canada into a neo-colony. -
Brewery History Society Brewery History (2013) 152, 20-32
BREWERY The Journal is © 2013 HISTORY The Brewery History Society Brewery History (2013) 152, 20-32 ‘MORE MONEY THAN SINCE OR BEFORE’: HOW JOHN LABATT’S BREWERY PROSPERED DURING THE CANADA TEMPERANCE ACT PERIOD, 1878-1889 MATTHEW J BELLAMY Judge Macdonald: ‘[D]id you find the manufacture of malt prompted the London-based brewer to look to those liquors decrease?’ distant places that had held the temperance forces at bay. He was thus motivated to move before his principal John Labatt: ‘No, I made more money during the Scott Act competitors. As a result, he gained what the Harvard time [i.e the period of Canada Temperance Act, 1878-1889] business historian Alfred Chandler has termed a ‘first than I ever did since or before.’1 mover advantage’ in the quest to dominate the Canadian beer market. This ultimately helps to explain how a On 8 May 1878 the Canadian federal government of relatively small city like London, Ontario, came to be Alexander Mackenzie attempted to restrict the produc- home to one of Canada’s most successful breweries. tion and consumption of alcohol by passing the Canada Ironically, the Canada Temperance Act, which was Temperance Act. Known popularly as the Scott Act, on designed to constrict the liquor traffic, actually caused account of its sponsor, the Leader of the Government in an expansion of the trade, as liquor men like John Labatt the Senate, Richard William Scott, the Canada aggressively exploited existing technologies to seek out Temperance Act gave municipal and county govern- new markets and aggressively promoted their products ments the legal authority to go ‘dry’ if a majority of across the land. -
Hollinger Case V10.Doc Page 1 of 13 Hollinger International Inc
HOLLINGER INTERNATIONAL INC. J. E. Boritz and L. A. Robinson Centre for Accounting Ethics School of Accountancy University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 May 2004 Hollinger case V10.doc Page 1 of 13 Hollinger International Inc. Background Hollinger International Inc. (“HII”) is a global newspaper publisher with English- language newspapers in the United States, Great Britain, and Israel. Its major assets include The Daily Telegraph, The Sunday Telegraph and The Spectator magazine in Great Britain, the Chicago Sun-Times and a large number of community newspapers in the Chicago area, The Jerusalem Post in Israel, a portfolio of new media investments and a variety of other assets. HII is a Delaware corporate based in Chicago, Illinois whose shares are listed on the NYSE and TSE, as well as other exchanges. Hollinger Inc., is a Canadian Public company, whose major asset is its interest in HII. Hollinger Inc. owns 30.3% of the equity and 72.6% of the voting shares of HII. The major shareholder of Hollinger Inc. is Ravelston Corporation Limited (RCL) through Argus Corporation Ltd. (Argus). Corporate Structure Ravelston Corporation • RCL is a private holding company owned by Black, Limited (“RCL”) Radler, Colson, Boultbee, Atkinson, White, estate of Dixon Chant and Charles Cowan • Holds directly or indirectly, 78% of Hollinger Inc. Argus Corporations Ltd • Argus is a TSE listed public company controlled by RCL (“Argus”) • Argus is a holding company whose major asset is a 62% interest in Hollinger Inc1. Ravelston Management Inc. • RMI is a private management services company wholly (“RMI”) owned by RCL • RMI’s income is entirely earned from a Management Services Agreement with HII • RMI financially supports Hollinger Inc.