DOCSLIB.ORG

Diagnostic Strategies for COVID-19 and Other Coronaviruses Medical Virology: from Pathogenesis to Disease Control

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Diagnostic Strategies for COVID-19 and Other Coronaviruses Medical Virology: from Pathogenesis to Disease Control Medical Virology: From Pathogenesis to Disease Control Series Editor: Shailendra K. Saxena Pranjal Chandra Sharmili Roy Editors Diagnostic Strategies for COVID-19 and other Coronaviruses Medical Virology: From Pathogenesis to Disease Control Series Editor Shailendra K. Saxena, Centre for Advanced Research, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India This book series reviews the recent advancement in the field of medical virology including molecular epidemiology, diagnostics and therapeutic strategies for various viral infections. The individual books in this series provide a comprehensive over- view of infectious diseases that are caused by emerging and re-emerging viruses including their mode of infections, immunopathology, diagnosis, treatment, epide- miology, and etiology. It also discusses the clinical recommendations in the man- agement of infectious diseases focusing on the current practices, recent advances in diagnostic approaches and therapeutic strategies. The books also discuss progress and challenges in the development of viral vaccines and discuss the application of viruses in the translational research and human healthcare. More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/16573 Pranjal Chandra • Sharmili Roy Editors Diagnostic Strategies for COVID-19 and other Coronaviruses Editors Pranjal Chandra Sharmili Roy School of Biochemical Engineering Division of Oncology Indian Institute of Technology Stanford Medicine Varanasi, India California, CA, USA ISSN 2662-981X ISSN 2662-9828 (electronic) Medical Virology: From Pathogenesis to Disease Control ISBN 978-981-15-6005-7 ISBN 978-981-15-6006-4 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6006-4 # The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Contents Insights into Novel Coronavirus and COVID-19 Outbreak ........... 1 Anupriya Baranwal, Supratim Mahapatra, Buddhadev Purohit, Sharmili Roy, and Pranjal Chandra Advanced Biosensing Methodologies for Ultrasensitive Detection of Human Coronaviruses .................................... 19 Supratim Mahapatra, Anupriya Baranwal, Buddhadev Purohit, Sharmili Roy, Sanjeev Kumar Mahto, and Pranjal Chandra Radiological Perspective of the Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) .............................................. 37 Durgesh K. Dwivedi, Anit Parihar, Neera Kohli, Himanshu R. Dandu, and Shailendra K. Saxena Differential Diagnosis and Possible Therapeutics for Coronavirus Disease 2019 .............................................. 51 Anjani Devi Chintagunta, Mahesh Kumar, N. S. Sampath Kumar, and S. P. Jeevan Kumar Overview of Coronavirus Disease and Imaging-Based Diagnostic Techniques ............................................... 73 Archana Ramadoss, Veena Raj, and Mithun Kuniyil Ajith Singh The Applications of Biosensing and Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Rapid Detection and Diagnosis of COVID-19 in Remote Setting .... 109 Syazana Abdullah Lim, Tiong Hoo Lim, and Afiqah Nabihah Ahmad Diverse Molecular Techniques for Early Diagnosis of COVID-19 and Other Coronaviruses .................................... 135 Sharmili Roy and Anupriya Baranwal Futuristic Technologies for Advanced Detection, Prevention, and Control of COVID-19 ................................... 161 Sarvodaya Tripathy, Russell Kabir, S. M. Yasir Arafat, and Shailendra K. Saxena v vi Contents Next-Generation Rapid Advanced Molecular Diagnostics of COVID-19 by CRISPR-Cas ................................ 175 Ashish Srivastava, Taruna Gupta, Swatantra Kumar, and Shailendra K. Saxena Negative COVID-19 Test: What Next? .......................... 189 Sarvodaya Tripathy, S. M. Yasir Arafat, Sujita Kumar Kar, and Shailendra K. Saxena About the Editors Pranjal Chandra is currently serving as an assistant professor at the School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, India. He received his Ph.D. from Pusan National University, South Korea, and completed his postdoctoral training at Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Israel. His research focus is highly interdisciplinary, combining biotechnology, nanobiosensors, material engineering, nanomedicine, etc. Prof. Chandra has designed several commercially viable biosensing prototypes that can be used for onsite analysis in the context of biomedical diagnostics. He has published four books on various aspects of biosensors/medical diagnostics with IET London, Springer Nature, and CRC Press USA as well as over 100 journal articles in the leading journals/books in his research area. Prof. Chandra is the recipient of many prestigious awards and fellowships, for example, the DST Ramanujan Fellowship (Government of India); ECRA (DST, Government of India); BK-21 and NRF Fellowship, South Korea; Technion Post-doctoral Fel- lowship, Israel; NMS Young Scientist Award; BRSI Young Scientist Award; RSC Highly Cited Corresponding Author Award (general chemistry); and ACS / Elsevier Outstanding Reviewer Awards. He is a reviewer for over 50 international journals and expert project reviewer for various national/international funding agencies. Further, Prof. Chandra is an associate editor of the journal Sensors International and an edito- rial board member of Materials Science for Energy Technologies; World Journal of Methodology, USA; Frontiers of Biosciences, USA; and Reports in Physical Sciences, Singapore vii viii About the Editors Sharmili Roy is currently pursuing her second post- doctoral research in oncology/medical research in the Division of Oncology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, California, USA. She earned her Ph.D. from the University of Brunei Darussalam, Brunei, under the supervision of Prof. Minhaz Uddin Ahmed. Prior to joining Stanford University, she worked for her first postdoctoral training at the Indian Institute of Tech- nology Guwahati, India, under supervision of Prof. Pranjal Chandra. Her current research is focused on the development of Next Generation Sequencing technol- ogy (NGS) with various clinical samples especially with many kinds of cancer DNA samples, molecular diagnostics on cancer, and DNA digital data storage process. She has expertized on point of care biosensors technology development based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) during her Ph.D. ten- ure. Dr. Roy has published several high-impact factor research papers, three USA patents, and 4 book chapters in Biosensors and Bioelectronics, Analytical Methods, ACS Sensors, Food Control, Food Chemistry, and Elec- troanalysis. She is a recipient of many prestigious fellowships such as: free education scholarships for master’s degree studies by the Government of Sweden; Graduate Research Scholarships (GRS) from the Minis- try of Education, Government of Brunei; SERB- National Post Doctorate Fellowship (NPDF) from the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Govern- ment of India; and postdoctoral fellowship from Stanford University, USA. Insights into Novel Coronavirus and COVID-19 Outbreak Anupriya Baranwal, Supratim Mahapatra, Buddhadev Purohit, Sharmili Roy, and Pranjal Chandra Abstract COVID-19, a disease caused by a virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2), has spread across the globe, since its first outbreak in Wuhan, China. Evidence of human-to-human transmission has led to extreme quarantine measures, such as closure of borders, sealing of large cities, and confinement of people in their homes to control virus from spreading. Lessons learned from previous coronavirus outbreaks have resulted in rapid determination of virus nucleic acid sequence; however, research on SARS-COV-2 is still in nascent stage. Herein, we have compiled information on COVID-19 from recently published reports and discussed them in an organized format. We have provided brief introduction to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and A. Baranwal Sir Ian Potter NanoBioSensing Facility, NanoBiotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia S. Mahapatra Laboratory of Bio-Physio Sensor and Nano-Bioengineering, School
Load more

Recommended publications
  • DNA: the Future Storage Device
    Special Issue - 2017 International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 ICADEMS - 2017 Conference Proceedings DNA: The Future Storage Device Sakshi Jha1, Mr. Mahesh Kumar Malkani2 1Ganga Institute of Technology and Management, 2Department of Computer Science Engineering and CFIS, MDU, Rohtak GITAM, MDU, Rohtak Data Storage has been a great concern since the early ages. than current magnetic tape or hard drive due to its huge With the advent of time, data has been expanding and new density .Digital data universe has been growing storage devices have been satisfying the demand. Demand for exponentially. Trends in data storage are setting new data storage is growing on a faster pace .In order to meet this milestones. From floppy disk to tape drives and tape drives growing need for storage device, a shift from electronic media to cloud storage have been the new developments in the to molecular DNA has been made. DNA molecule is universal and fundamental data storage unit in biology. 1gram of DNA field of storage devices. Most of the world’s data is stored molecule can store 1 Zettabyte of data. A new encoding on magnetic tapes and optical disk drives. Despite this scheme that offers controllable redundancy, trading off improvement, storing Zetta bytes of data would still take reliability for density has also been developed. Finally, we millions of years and space. With the increasing technology highlight trends in biotechnology that indicate the impending and tech-literacy, there is a need for revolution in the arena practicality of DNA storage for much larger datasets. of archiving.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded” to a Computer Than to Answer Questions About Emotions, Which Will Organize Their World
    Between an Animal and a Machine MODERNITY IN QUESTION STUDIES IN PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF IDEAS Edited by Małgorzata Kowalska VOLUME 10 Paweł Majewski Between an Animal and a Machine Stanisław Lem’s Technological Utopia Translation from Polish by Olga Kaczmarek Bibliographic Information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. The Publication is founded by Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland as a part of the National Programme for the Development of the Humanities. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Ministry cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. ISSN 2193-3421 E-ISBN 978-3-653-06830-6 (E-PDF) E-ISBN 978-3-631-71024-1 (EPUB) E-ISBN 978-3-631-71025-8 (MOBI) DOI 10.3726/978-3-653-06830-6 Open Access: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial No Derivatives 4.0 unported license. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ © Paweł Majewski, 2018 . Peter Lang – Berlin · Bern · Bruxelles · New York · Oxford · Warszawa · Wien This publication has been peer reviewed. www.peterlang.com Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................ 9 Lemology Pure and Applied ............................................................................. 9 Part One Dialogues – Cybernetics as an Anthropology ........................................
    [Show full text]
  • Coding of Still Pictures
    ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC29/WG1N91016 91st Meeting, Online, 19-23 April 2021 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1 (ITU-T SG16) Coding of Still Pictures JBIG JPEG Joint Bi-level Image Joint Photographic Experts Group Experts Group TITLE: DNA-based Media Storage: State-of-the-Art, Challenges, Use Cases and Requirements version 4.0 SOURCE: Contributors: Marc Antonini, Luis Cruz, Eduardo da Silva, Melpomeni Dimopoulou, Touradj Ebrahimi (editor), Siegfried Foessel, Gloria Menegaz, Fernando Pereira (editor), António Pinheiro, Mohamad Raad PROJECT: JPEG DNA Exploration STATUS: Final REQUESTED ACTION: For information and feedback DISTRIBUTION: Public Contact: ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 1 Convener – Prof. Touradj Ebrahimi EPFL/STI/IEL/GR-EB, Station 11, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland Tel: +41 21 693 2606, Fax: +41 21 693 7600, E-mail: [email protected] - 1 - ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC29/WG1N91016 91st Meeting, Online, 19-23 April 2021 DNA-based Media Storage State-of-the-Art, Challenges, Use Cases and Requirements Version 4.0 Executive Summary DNA is a macromolecule which is essential for any form of life and is made of simple units that line up in a particular order within this large molecule. The order of these units usually carries genetic information for a specific life organism, similar to how the order of letters in a text carries information. In practice, this means that DNA molecules may be artificially created with specific unit orders, notably to store some relevant sequence of information. In digital media information, notably images, the relevant representation symbols, e.g. quantized DCT coefficients, are expressed in bits (binary units) but they could be expressed in any other units, for example the DNA units which follow a quaternary (4-ary) representation basis.
    [Show full text]
  • Nucleic Acid/Inorganic Particle Hybrid Systems from Design to Application
    Research Collection Doctoral Thesis Nucleic acid/inorganic particle hybrid systems from design to application Author(s): Puddu, Michela Publication Date: 2015 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010609177 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library DISS. ETH No. 23177 NUCLEIC ACID/INORGANIC PARTICLE HYBRID SYSTEMS: FROM DESIGN TO APPLICATION A thesis submitted to attain the degree of DOCTOR OF SCIENCES of ETH ZURICH (Dr. sc. ETH Zurich) presented by MICHELA PUDDU MSc Materials Science born on 02.03.1987 citizen of Italy accepted on the recommendation of Prof. Dr. Wendelin J. Stark, examiner Prof. Dr. János Vörös, co-examiner Dr. Robert N. Grass, co-examiner 2015 2 3 To my parents “Considerate la vostra semenza: fatti non foste a viver come bruti, ma per seguir virtute e canoscenza." Dante Alighieri, Divina Commedia, Inferno, canto XXVI, vv. 18-20. 4 5 Acknowledgments The PhD has been a wonderful and exciting experience, and I want to take a moment to thank the many people who took part in this journey. Foremost, I would like to express my gratitude to Prof. Wendelin Stark for giving me the opportunity to do research and develop a mature scientific approach in a highly stimulating and innovative environment. I am indebted to him for providing me with entrepreneurial spirit and vision that influenced my thinking and career choice. I also thank him for the precious lesson that a balance between research interests and personal pursuits does not keep away success, but it actually brings one step closer to it.
    [Show full text]
  • 160 Удк 004.383.8 Миколюк Ю. – Ст. Гр. Сп-21 Тернопільський
    ІX Всеукраїнська студентська науково - технічна конференція "ПРИРОДНИЧІ ТА ГУМАНІТАРНІ НАУКИ. АКТУАЛЬНІ ПИТАННЯ" УДК 004.383.8 Миколюк Ю. – ст. гр. СП-21 Тернопільський національний технічний університет імені Івана Пулюя БІОКОМП’ЮТЕРИ Науковий керівник:Боднар О.І. Mykolyuk Y. Ternopil Ivan Pul’uj National Technical University BIOCOMPUTERS Supervisor: Bodnar O Ключові слова: ДНК, нанобіотехнології, інтегровані схеми, бімолекулярні системи Key words: DNA, nanobiotechnologies, integrated circuits, boimolecular systems Biocomputers use systems of biologically derived molecules – such as DNA and proteins – to perform computational calculations involving storing, retrieving, and processing data. The development of biocomputers has been made possible by the expanding new science of nanobiotechnology. The term nanobiotechnology can be defined in multiple ways; in a more general sense, nanobiotechnology can be defined as any type of technology that uses both nano-scale materials (i.e. materials having characteristic dimensions of 1- 100nanometers) and biologically based materials. A more restrictive definition views nanobiotechnology more specifically as the design and engineering of proteins that can then be assembled into larger, functional structures. The implementation of nanobiotechnology, as defined in this narrower sense, provides scientists with the ability to engineer biomolecular systems specifically so that they interact in a fashion that can ultimately result in the computational functionality of a computer. DNA computing is a branch of computing which uses DNA, biochemistry, and molecular biology hardware, instead of the traditional silicon-based computer technologies. Research and development in this area concerns theory, experiments, and applications of DNA computing. The term "molectronics" has sometimes been used, but this term had already been used for an earlier technology, a then-unsuccessful rival of the first integrated circuits; this term has also been used more generally, for molecular-scale electronic technology.
    [Show full text]
  • DNA-Based Cryptography: Motivation, Progress, Challenges, and Future 1 A.E
    JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING & INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS ISSN 2518-8739 30th April 2018, Volume 3, Issue 1, JSEIS, CAOMEI Copyright © 2016-2018 www.jseis.org DNA-based cryptography: motivation, progress, challenges, and future 1 A.E. El-Moursy, 2 Mohammed Elmogy, 3 Ahmad Atwan 1,2,3Information Technology Dept., Faculty of Computers and Information, Mansoura University, Egypt Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT Cryptography is about constructing protocols by which different security means are being added to our precious information to block adversaries. Properties of DNA are appointed for different sciences and cryptographic purposes. Biological complexity and computing difficulties provide twofold security safeguards and make it difficult to penetrate. Thus, a development in cryptography is needed not to negate the tradition but to make it applicable to new technologies. In this paper, we review the most significant research, which is achieved in the DNA cryptography area. We analysed and discussed its achievements, limitations, and suggestions. In addition, some suggested modifications can be made to bypass some detected inadequacies of these mechanisms to increase their robustness. Biological characteristics and current cryptography mechanisms limitations were discussed as motivations for heading DNA-based cryptography direction. Keywords: DNA; cryptography; encryption; DNA computing; bio-inspired cryptography; 1. INTRODUCTION Technological development seizes our valuable information including financial transactions are transmitted back and forth in public communication channels, posing a considerably high challenge in confronting with unintended intruders. One suggestion is cryptography that is about constructing protocols built strong mathematically and theoretically by which different security means are being added to such precious information.
    [Show full text]
  • Singapore Fintech Festival Conference 2019 Day 2 Key Highlights
    Singapore FinTech Festival Conference 2019 Day 2 key highlights 12 November 2019 01 Singapore FinTech Festival Conference 2019 | Day 2 key highlights Contents Plenary Stage The US Tech Giants Agenda: Conversation with Intel, Microsoft & Nasdaq Macro Vulnerabilities vs Technology Opportunities Sustaining Financial Services - Why Tech Is Key From carving in stone to writing in DNA: History and Future of Data Storage by Kees Immink, President, Turing Machines Inc. Defining the Future of Digital Currency Sustainability, Finance and Tech Stage - Powered by Deloitte: Sustainable Finance Eyeing humanity’s impact on Earth through satellite imagery Fireside Chat: SDGs: The blueprint for a sustainable future Sustainable finance: The trillion-dollar opportunity New deal for finance: Natural capital for resilient portfolios FinTechs for good: Combating climate change with technology Sustainability is good for business This document is developed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (“MAS”) in collaboration with Deloitte Southeast Asia Ltd (“Deloitte”). It directly reports on and summarises the topics presented and discussed at the FinTech Conference as part of the Singapore FinTech Festival 2019. The contents within this document by no means reflect views and opinions from Deloitte or MAS. Please contact Deloitte, MAS or other appropriate organisations and agencies should you wish to obtain expert opinions on what has been reported in this document. © 2019 Deloitte Southeast Asia Ltd 2 Singapore FinTech Festival Conference 2019 | Day 2 key highlights Future of Finance Stage- Powered by Prudential: Payments Payments are Dead; Long Live Payments. Opening by Joop Wijn, Chief Strategy & Risk Officer, Adyen Panel Discussion Breaking the Rules; and Rewriting them Fast Forward Payments.
    [Show full text]
  • OPCODE News.Cdr
    www.apsit.edu.in volume #1 issue #1 2018 inline with trends Parshvanath Charitable Trust’s A. P. SHAH INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, THANE (Affiliated to Mumbai University, Approved by AICTE, DTE and Govt of Maharashtra) DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING PERFORMANCE INNOVATION EVENTS ACHIEVEMENTS In its uncompromising committment to support innovation and research by building instituitional infrastructure, the department is creating a legacy for the future. Opcode aims to create a bond of awareness and inspiration amongst students to participate in all opportunities available. Innovations ` From the Principal's Desk Computing software and systems are becoming increasingly integral to our lives, revolutionizing virtually everything from the way we live, work and communicate. Computer Engineering is one of the most ourishing disciplines in recent times and is now also a key enabler for discovery and innovation in most other elds, making it an incredibly relevant course of study. With increased demand among recruiters, this domain has become the preferred line of study among students as well. I whole heartedly welcome and congratulate you for choosing Computer Engineering Department in A.P. Shah Institute of Technology for continuing your educational journey. The department was launched keeping in view the dynamic nature of the IT industry and the ever increasing demand for quality and well- trained IT professionals. Right from its inception in 2014, the department has been offering excellent infrastructural facilities with a variety of computing platforms to motivate students to meet the burgeoning demands of IT industry. The teaching processes are executed by highly qualied and experienced teachers who make good use of smart classroom facilities and Moodle software, thereby ensuring deep understanding of concepts through demonstrations and hands-on practice sessions executed under their keen supervision.
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Computers
    Volume IV, Issue XII, December 2015 IJLTEMAS ISSN 2278 – 2540 DNA Computers Ani Mehrotra Nirma University, India Abstract – The paper discusses the concept of DNA computing, its Although DNA computing is in its infancy, and its advantages over silicon-based computing and the future it holds implications are only beginning to be explored, they have for the mankind. It showcases the limitations of present already been harnessed to perform complex mathematical technology and the promises DNA computing hold for the future. problems.[9] The paper looks on the future we shall be living in and how this new technology can sweep away all the notions of how we II. WHAT IT IS? perceive and live in our world. Keywords – DNA, nucleotides, parallel computing, DNA bases, In its simplest sense, a computer is just a machine capable Hamiltonian Path Problem, Transcriptor, nucleic acids. of performing computations. It doesn't have to be electronic. Tom Ran, of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, I. INTRODUCTION works with computers made out of strands of DNA."Working this way, we can get three trillion computers, working in omputer chip manufacturers are furiously racing to make parallel, in a space the size of a water droplet," he says. The 0s C the next microprocessor that will topple speed records. and 1s of conventional computers are replaced with the four Sooner or later, though, this competition is bound to hit a DNA bases: A, C, G and T. Operations can be translated into wall. Microprocessors made of silicon will eventually reach strands of DNA using these bases, and the way the DNA their limits of speed and miniaturization.
    [Show full text]
  • Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA): the Magician in the Field of the Digital Data Storage
    Research and Reviews on Healthcare: Open Access Journal DOI: ISSN: 2637-6679 10.32474/RRHOAJ.2019.03.000163Review Article Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA): The Magician in the Field of the Digital Data Storage Lichun Sun1,2*, Jun He2, Jing Luo3 and David H Coy1 1Department of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, USA 2Sino US Innovative Bio-Medical Center and Hunan Beautide Pharmaceuticals, China 3Department of Health Information and Technology, EXCELth Primary Health Care, USA *Corresponding author: Lichun Sun, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, Sino US Innovative Bio Medical Center and Hunan Beautide Pharmaceuticals, Hunan, China Received: May 20, 2019 Published: May 29, 2019 Introduction world. These digital data are stored on the silicon-based chips with It is an explosive era of the big digital data with an exponential the binary numeric system that uses only two digital numbers, or 0 growth rate. The data produced in the couple years between 2015 and 2017 are more than all the preceded data produced in the entire human history. Nowadays, over 40 exabytes (EBs) of new and 1[5]. As reported, the microchip-grade silicon is rare in nature data per day are produced all over the world. There were totally 33 and will be run out in 2040 [6]. A new media or a new technology zettabytes (ZBs, or 33000 EBs) of digital data worldwide in 2018. is needed to fix the coming data storage crisis. Due to its unique magic digital data storage medium to eventually solve data storage It is estimated that there will be almost 175 zettabytes (ZBs) of advantages [7], deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is expected to be the problem that have long plagued scientists worldwide.
    [Show full text]
  • DNA Data Storage
    Journal for Research | Volume 03| Issue 11 | January 2018 ISSN: 2395-7549 DNA Data Storage S. V. Ramanamurthy P. L. Kiranmayi Professor, SM-IEEE Head of Department Department of Computer Science & Engineering Department of Computer Science & Engineering Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, India Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, India S. D. Sarayu Md. Iftekharuddin PG Student Head of Department Department of Computer Science & Engineering Department of Computer Science & Engineering Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, India Pragati Engineering College, Surampalem, India Abstract Human Beings have always tried to simplify the way of storing data maintaining both security and speed of access. This decade (2011-2020) is focusing on improving data storage devices. New technologies like SSDs (Solid State Drives), technical upgrades in SATA or IDE HDDs (Hard Disk Drives), etc with Terra Bytes of storage capabilities have come to light in recent past. However, DNA Data Storage technology is the next generation of storage technique, which has a lots of storage capability. DNA Data Stor-age will reinvent the way of storing data. This paper discusses about this storage mechanism and emphasizes on the on-going re-search in this field. Keywords: Data Storage, DNA, SDDs, HDDs, Genes _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ I. INTRODUCTION Todays ‘Digital universe’ forecasts that total data in 2017 is 16 zettabytes (1021). Companies are building Data Centers in thousands of acres of land areas. Facebook recently built a data center dedicated to one Exabyte of data storage. Similarly, many organizations and universities started working on data storage solutions for better storage duration, less cost, and less space occupying. DNA Storage Technology was first demonstrated in the 1980s and it became the largest project by 2010.
    [Show full text]
  • AWSAR Awarded Popular Science Stories by Scientists for the People Ii AWSAR Awarded Popular Science Stories Iii
    i AWSAR Awarded Popular Science Stories By Scientists for the People ii AWSAR Awarded Popular Science Stories iii foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx Department of Science and Technology AWSAR Awarded Popular Science Stories By Scientists for the People Augmenting Writing Skills for Articulating Research iv AWSAR Awarded Popular Science Stories Published by Vigyan Prasar (An Autonomous organization of Department of Science and Technology) A-50, Institutional Area, Sector-62 NOIDA 201 307 (Uttar Pradesh), India (Regd. Office: Technology Bhawan, New Delhi 110016) Phones: 0120-2404430-35 Fax: 91-120-2404437 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.vigyanprasar.gov.in Copyright: 2019 by Vigyan Prasar The contents of the publications may be used by students, science communicators and agencies (Govt. & Non Govt.) with due acknowledgement. All rights reserved ISBN: 978-81-7480-337-5 AWSAR AWARDED POPULAR SCIENCE STORIES: By Scientists for the People Guidance: Dr Nakul Parashar Dr Nisha Mehndiratta Concept & Editing: Dr Rashmi Sharma Dr B K Tyagi Dr K B Bhushan Dr Gaurav Jain Copy editor: Mrs. Nandita Bhardwaj Supervision: Mr. Rintu Nath Cover & layout design: Mr. Pradeep Kumar Coordination: Dr Avilekh Mr. Punit Chaudhary Mr. Pradeep Kumar Mr. Siddharth Ms. Naina Magan v Contents Foreword ......................................................................................................................................... xiii Preface .............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]