DOCSLIB.ORG

Insect Pollinators and Their Abundance in West Bengal

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Insect Pollinators and Their Abundance in West Bengal 20057--Sneha Latha Nagulapalli 25 May-2020 Indian Journal of Entomology Online published (Preview) DoI No.: INSECT POLLINATORS AND THEIR ABUNDANCE IN WEST BENGAL SNEHA LATHA NAGULAPALLI*, GAUTAM KUNAL, RAKESH DAS AND SHANTANU JHA Department of Agricultural Entomology, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal *Email: [email protected] (corresponding author) ABSTRACT Studying pollinator diversity and their abundance is essential to analyze the health of the agroecosystem. This study undertook observations on the number of pollinators visiting the flowers/ 2m for 5 min at randomly selected 10 spots in agroecosystems in West Bengal. The diversity index was measured by Simpson’s Index of Diversity. A total number of 55 individuals of insect pollinators belonging to 19 families and 4 orders were observed of which Hymenoptera were maximum (47.25%) followed by: Coleoptera (24.68%), Lepidoptera (11.26%) and Diptera (8.29%). Simpson’s index ranged from 0 to 1. Maximum species richness was found in Lower Bongbasti, Kalimpong (0.995) and the lowest at AB-Block farm BCKV Kalyani (0.751). Among the surveyed areas, species evenness was found highest in Khelia North 24 Parganas (1.34) and lowest in Jhanti pahari Bankura (0.14). So far pollinator species richness is concerned, it was maximum in hilly terrains of Kalimpong followed by North 24 parganas, Bankura and Nadia. Key words: West Bengal, pollinator diversity, Simpson’s index, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Coleoptera, species richness, species evenness, abundance West Bengal is a north eastern of India with The observations were taken based on the number agriculture being its mainstay. In the agroecosystems, of pollinators visiting the flowers/m2 for five minutes animal pollination is one of the key ecosystem services at randomly selected 10 spots within the field and the (Aguilar et al., 2006; Ricketts et al., 2008). More mean data was recorded for the final result. The data was than 75% of the major crops in the world rely on collected at maximum flowering stage of the crops at animal pollinators (Powell and Powell, 1987; Steffan- two hours interval from 7 am to 5 pm viz. 7 am, 9 am, 11 Dewenter and Tscharntke, 1999). The global annual am, 1 pm, 3 pm and 5 pm. Samples of insect pollinators economic value of insect pollination is estimated to were caught by sweep net and preserved into the killing be € 153 billion (Gallai et al., 2009). Currently, these bottle containing ethyl acetate and then stored for services are threatened by habitat destruction and identification process. Identification of the pollinators climate change, as illustrated by marked decreases in was done by matching with previously identified fauna pollinator diversity and abundance in different parts of of pollinators preserved in Insect Museum, Department the world (Kevan, 2003; Memmott, 2007). The loss of of Agricultural Entomology and also from the assistance biodiversity, destruction of habitat and lack of forage of expert teacher. Climatic factors in the fields, i.e. due to monocultures, pests and diseases of bees and bee- temperature, humidity and locations of the field had killing pesticides are particular threats for honeybees been also recorded using GPS tool. Relative abundance and wild pollinators. These declines will have severe which determines the percentage of specimens of a consequences for the ecosystem services provided by given species in the total number of organisms collected, pollinators. Hence, studying pollinator diversity and were calculated based on the observations taken on the their abundance is essentiallyPreview required to analyze the number of pollinators visiting the flowers/m2/5 min, health of the agroecosystem. The present study had using following formula: Relative abundance (%) = been conducted to record pollinator diversity, their (Population of a particular species visiting flower/Total abundance, species richness and evenness in different population of all species visiting flowers) x 100 (Das parts of West Bengal. and Jha, 2019; Padhy et al., 2018). The diversity index to measure the species diversity in a community like MATERIALS AND METHODS Simpson’s Index of Diversity and Simpson’s Reciprocal In different crops, surveys were carried out in Index were worked out based on the methods suggests different locations during July to December 2018 at by Simpson (Simpson, 1949). weekly intervals, of which the details given in Table 1. 2 Indian Journal of Entomology Online published (Preview) Table 1 Location Districts Latitude & Longitude Crops Kachiara village & North 24 Parganas 22°53’08.5’’ N Dolichos bean, Sugar cane, chilli, brinjal, Khelia village 88°32’00.1’’ E & bitter gourd, banana, okra, pointed gourd 22°47’40.4’’ N 88°30’21.4’’ E Teaching farm, Nadia 22°56’39’’ N Sweet potato, rose, tuberose, coconut, goat Mandouri , BCKV 88°30’56’’ E weed, Ixora Central Research 22o95’54’’ N Black gram, guava, brinjal, sweet potato, Farm, Gayeshpur, 88o49’61’’ E parthenium, maize, citrus BCKV AB-Block (BCKV 22°58’46’’ N Dangshen bell flower, night shade, Farm), Kalyani, 88°25’15’’ E parthenium, goat weed C-Block (BCKV 22°59’15.5’’ N Bitter gourd, ridge gourd, cucumber, Farm), Kalyani 88°27’24.1’’ E pointed gourd IARI, Research Kalimpong 27°3’47.89’’ N Cucumber, Siam weed, lantana, Complex & 88°27’31.46’’ E parthenium, mandarin, squash, Gomphrena Bongbasti, sp.,okra, Tridax sp. Jhanti Pahari Bankura 23°21’38.88’’ N Passion flower, Dolichos bean, 86°54’’17.279’’ E pomegranate, Tridax sp., Amaranthus sp., Ixora. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION most predominant (5 insects/ m2, 25.48%). Epilachna sp., though a pest, helps in pollination (Das et al., A total of 55 insect species belonging to 19 families 2009). A total of 15 insect visitors belonging to order from 4 orders i.e. Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera Hymenoptera (5) sequentially followed by Coleoptera and Coleoptera were observed as visitors from the (6), Lepidoptera (2) and Diptera (2) were observed in studied plants; Lepidoptera were the maximum with 24 weeds, and the Coleoptera were the abundant (54. 26%) species, followed by Hymenoptera and Coleoptera with of these followed by Hymenoptera (38.48%) followed 16 and 10 species, respectively. List of floral visitors by Lepidoptera and Diptera (3.36 %). On ornamentals are given in Table 2, and the relative abundance (insect 2 to such results were obtained and these are given in fauna/ m / 5 min) observed during the blooming period Table 2, which reveal that during the blooming period, in Table 2. L.niger was the most predominant (4.66 insects/ m2 and These reveal that Lasius niger was the most 25.50%). In ornamentals, a total of 17 insect visitors predominant species with an population of 10 insects/ belonging to order Hymenoptera (6) followed by m2 representing 35.37% of total insect visitors. This Lepidoptera (4), Diptera (4) and Coleoptera (3) were was followed by Epilachna sp., (3.0 insects/ m2 observed, and among the visiting fauna, Hymenoptera constituting 10.61%) and Aulacophora foevicollis were the most abundant (50.92%). (1.66 constituting 5.87%). Though A. foevicollis is Diversity indices analysed from these observations a pest, it is also known to help in pollination (Das reveal that the Simpson’s index ranges from 0 to 1, et al., 2009). Apis dorsata, A. mellifera, Coccinella 2 where the value zero indicates lesser species diversity transversalis and Episyrphus sp. (1.33 insects/ m and one indicates richness of diversity. Diversity index, constituting 4.70%) are thePreview other floral visitors. richness and evenness of different areas are represented A total of 22 insect visitors belonging to order in Table 4. On the basis of Simpson’s index it was found Hymenoptera (8) followed by Lepidoptera (6), that almost all the areas had good richness of pollinators’ Coleoptera (5) and Diptera (3) were found to visit diversity (0.751 to 0.995). Maximum values of species the cultivated crops in surveyed areas. Among them, richness were observed at Lower Bongbasti, Kalimpong Hymenoptera were the most abundant (51.74%). The (0.995), sequentially followed by Upper Bongbasti relative abundance of insect visitors observed in weeds Kalimpong, IARI-RS Kalimpong, Khelia North is also given in Table 3. On the basis of insect visitors 24 Parganas, Jhanti pahari Bankura and Mandouri recorded/ m2, Oecophylla sp. and A. foevicollis were the Teaching farm (0.98), C-Block Farm BCKV Kalyani Insect pollinators and their abundance in West Bengal 3 Sneha Latha Nagulapalli et al. Table 2. List of floral visitors in crop, weed and ornamental ecosystem: HYMENOPTERA 1 European bee Apis mellifera (L.) Apidae 2 Little honey bee Apis florae (F.) Apidae 3 Indian honey bee Apis cerana indica (F.) Apidae 4 Rock bee Apis dorsata (F.) Apidae 5 Stingless bee Tetragonula sp. Apidae 6 Carpenter bee Xylocopa sp. Apidae 7 Small carpenter bee Ceratina sp. Apidae 8 Cuckoo bees Nomada sp. Apidae 9 Blue banded bee Ammegilla zonata (L.) Apidae 10 Blue mud dauber Chalybion bengalense (Dahlbom) Sphecidae 11 Sweet bee Halictus sp. Halictidae 12 Leaf cutter bees Megachile sp. Megachilidae 13 Banded paper wasp Polistes Sagittarius (Saussure) Vespidae 14 Yellow paper wasp Polistes wattii (Cameron) Vespidae 15 Red ants Oecophylla smaragdina (F.) Formicidae 16 Black ants Lasius niger (L.) Formicidae LEPIDOPTERA 17 Grey pansy Junonia atlites (L.) Nymphalidae 18 Five ringed butterfly Ypthima baldus (F.) Nymphalidae 19 Tawny coster Acraea terpsicore (L.) Nymphalidae 20 Striped tiger Danaus genutia
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Compilation and Analysis of Food Plants Utilization of Sri Lankan Butterfly Larvae (Papilionoidea)
    MAJOR ARTICLE TAPROBANICA, ISSN 1800–427X. August, 2014. Vol. 06, No. 02: pp. 110–131, pls. 12, 13. © Research Center for Climate Change, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia & Taprobanica Private Limited, Homagama, Sri Lanka http://www.sljol.info/index.php/tapro A COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS OF FOOD PLANTS UTILIZATION OF SRI LANKAN BUTTERFLY LARVAE (PAPILIONOIDEA) Section Editors: Jeffrey Miller & James L. Reveal Submitted: 08 Dec. 2013, Accepted: 15 Mar. 2014 H. D. Jayasinghe1,2, S. S. Rajapaksha1, C. de Alwis1 1Butterfly Conservation Society of Sri Lanka, 762/A, Yatihena, Malwana, Sri Lanka 2 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Larval food plants (LFPs) of Sri Lankan butterflies are poorly documented in the historical literature and there is a great need to identify LFPs in conservation perspectives. Therefore, the current study was designed and carried out during the past decade. A list of LFPs for 207 butterfly species (Super family Papilionoidea) of Sri Lanka is presented based on local studies and includes 785 plant-butterfly combinations and 480 plant species. Many of these combinations are reported for the first time in Sri Lanka. The impact of introducing new plants on the dynamics of abundance and distribution of butterflies, the possibility of butterflies being pests on crops, and observations of LFPs of rare butterfly species, are discussed. This information is crucial for the conservation management of the butterfly fauna in Sri Lanka. Key words: conservation, crops, larval food plants (LFPs), pests, plant-butterfly combination. Introduction Butterflies go through complete metamorphosis 1949). As all herbivorous insects show some and have two stages of food consumtion.
    [Show full text]
  • Interim Report Status of Biodiversity at Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College from July2017 to April, 2018
    Interim Report Status of Biodiversity at Barrackpore Rastraguru Surendranath College From July2017 to April, 2018 Prepared by Nature Mates-Nature Club 4/10A Bijoygarh, Kolkata-700032 Green Book Table of Content Executive Summery 03 Introduction 04 Objective 04 Survey Team 04 Survey Time 05 Survey Area 06 Method of Study 06 Number of Floral species 08 Number of Faunal Species 08 Map 01: Shows the area of our work 06 Table 01: Checklist of floral species with number 08 Table 02: Checklist of faunal species with number 08 Table 03: Checklist of Mammals 09 Table 04: Checklist of Birds 09 Table 05: Checklist of Reptiles 10 Table 06: Checklist of Amphibians 11 Table 07: Checklist of Butterflies 11 Table 08: Checklist of Odonates 13 Table 09: Checklist of Larval Host Plants found in campus 14 Bibliographic Reference 15 Photo Gallery 16 P a g e | 2 Green Book EXECUTIVE SUMMERY A green book is a unique idea promoted by Nature Mates to create a data base of non human residents of a campus. Its sole objective is to know that who are the key players of our day to day well being, whom we don't even know. Development is an aggressive process, a process which can't be avoided further. To us all the development process aiming for a better human life lacks the understanding of what is temporary good and what actually are the long lasting good for our race. The basic understanding of survival alone as a species is impossible some time, rather most of the time don't reflects in any developmental plan.
    [Show full text]
  • ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2015), Volume 3, Issue 1, 206-211
    ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2015), Volume 3, Issue 1, 206-211 Journal homepage: http://www.journalijar.com INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH RESEARCH ARTICLE BUTTERFLY SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE IN MANIKKUNNUMALA FOREST OF WESTERN GHATS, INDIA. M. K. Nandakumar1, V.V. Sivan1, Jayesh P Joseph1, M. M. Jithin1, M. K. Ratheesh Narayanan2, N. Anilkumar1. 1 Community Agrobiodiversity Centre, M S Swaminathan Research Foundation,Puthoorvayal, Kalpetta, Kerala- 673121, India 2 Department of Botany, Payyanur College, Edat P.O., Kannur, Kerala-670327, India Manuscript Info Abstract Manuscript History: Butterflies, one of the most researched insect groups throughout the world, are also one of the groups that face serious threats of various kinds and in Received: 11 November 2014 Final Accepted: 26 December 2014 varying degrees. Wayanad district is one of the biodiversity rich landscapes Published Online: January 2015 within the biodiversity hot spot of Western Ghats. This paper essentially deals with the abundance and diversity of butterfly species in Key words: Manikkunnumala forest in Wayanad district of Western Ghats. The hilly ecosystem of this area is under various pressures mainly being Butterfly diversity, Abundance, anthropogenic. Still this area exhibits fairly good diversity; this includes Wayanad, Western Ghats some very rare and endemic butterflies. When assessed the rarity and *Corresponding Author abundance, six out of 94 recorded butterflies comes under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. The area needs immediate attention to conserve the M. K. Nandakumar remaining vegetation in order to protect the butterfly diversity. Copy Right, IJAR, 2015,. All rights reserved INTRODUCTION Butterflies are one of the unique groups of insects, which grasp the attention of nature lovers worldwide.
    [Show full text]
  • 377 Genus Borbo Evans
    14th edition (2015). Genus Borbo Evans, 1949 A catalogue of the Hesperiidae from Europe, Asia and Australia in the British Museum (Natural History): 44, 436 (502 pp.). London. Type-species: Hesperia borbonica Boisduval, by original designation. A predominantly Afrotropical genus containing 23 species. There are 19 Afrotropical species, one of which (borbonica) extends extralimitally. There are a further four extralimital species. *Borbo binga (Evans, 1937) Dark Forest Swift Baoris binga Evans, 1937. A catalogue of the African Hesperiidae indicating the classification and nomenclature adopted in the British Museum: 178 (212 pp.). Type locality: Ivory Coast. Distribution: Ivory Coast, Ghana, Nigeria, Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo. Specific localities: Ivory Coast – Banco (Larsen, 2005a); Lamto (Larsen, 2005a). Ghana – Assin Foso (Maessen, vide Larsen, 2005a); Atewa Range (Belcastro, vide Larsen, 2005a); Kakum National Park (Larsen, 2005a). Nigeria – Ojo near Lagos (Larsen, 2005a). Democratic Republic of Congo – Luali, Mayoumbe district (Ackery et al., 1995). Habitat: Forest (Larsen, 2005a). Habits: A scarce skipper (Larsen, 2005a). Early stages: Nothing published. Larval food: Nothing published. *Borbo borbonica (Boisduval, 1833)# Olive-haired Swift A male Olive-haired Swift (Borbo borbonica) feeding on a Lantana flower Image courtesy Raimund Schutte Hesperia borbonica Boisduval, 1833. Nouvelles Annales du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris 2: 213 (149-270). Pamphila borbonica Boisduval. Trimen, 1866a. 1 Pamphila borbonica (Boisduval, 1833). Trimen & Bowker, 1889. Pelopidas borbonica (Boisduval, 1833). Evans, 1937. Pelopidas borbonica Boisduval, 1833. Swanepoel, 1953a. Borbo borbonica (Boisduval, 1833). Dickson & Kroon, 1978. Borbo borbonica (De Boisduval, 1833). Pringle et al., 1994: 335. Borbo borbonica borbonica. Male (Wingspan 42 mm). Left – upperside; right – underside.
    [Show full text]
  • THE BUTTERFLIES of the YEMEN ARAB REPUBLIC, by Torben B
    Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 38(2), 1984, 147 BOOK REVIEWS THE LIFE HISTORIES OF BUTTERFLIES OF JAPAN. VOLUME I. PAPILIONIDAE, PIERIDAE, DANAIDAE, by Hamo Fukuda, Eiichi Hama, Takeshi Kuzuya, Akira Takahashi, Mayumi Takahashi, Ban Tanaka, Hiroshi Tanaka, Mario Wakabayashi and Yasuyuki Watanabe. xxii + 277 pp., 64 col. pis., 1982. Hoikusha Publishing Co., Ltd., 17-3, l-chome, Uemachi, Higashi-Ku, Osaka, 540, Japan. (Price not stated in review copy.) This book treats the up-to-date knowledge of the early stages, adult behavior and distribution of all resident and vagrant species of the families mentioned. The area covered ranges from Hokkaido southwest to Iriomote-Jima. Thus, the entire chain, rang­ ing from Arctic-Alpine to Subtropical conditions, is included. The main text is in Japanese and appears to be authoritative as extensive references are cited and topics such as changes in distribution and mortality curves are included. For the majority of our membership there are 12 pages of capsule species accounts with cross reference to the color plates and 16 pages and distribution maps. As we have come to expect from Japanese books, the color plates are of high quality with the colors appearing sharp and true. For each species the adults as found in nature, egg, larva, and pupa are portrayed. Often the habitat or host plant is also included. The adults are often shown in natural behavioral activities such as mating, oviposition, taking moisture or nectaring. The pictures are excellent but occasionally not clear. For those interested in the many parallels in the life history traits between our species and those of Japan, this book is a must.
    [Show full text]
  • Out of the Orient: Post-Tethyan Transoceanic and Trans-Arabian Routes
    Systematic Entomology Page 2 of 55 1 1 Out of the Orient: Post-Tethyan transoceanic and trans-Arabian routes 2 fostered the spread of Baorini skippers in the Afrotropics 3 4 Running title: Historical biogeography of Baorini skippers 5 6 Authors: Emmanuel F.A. Toussaint1,2*, Roger Vila3, Masaya Yago4, Hideyuki Chiba5, Andrew 7 D. Warren2, Kwaku Aduse-Poku6,7, Caroline Storer2, Kelly M. Dexter2, Kiyoshi Maruyama8, 8 David J. Lohman6,9,10, Akito Y. Kawahara2 9 10 Affiliations: 11 1 Natural History Museum of Geneva, CP 6434, CH 1211 Geneva 6, Switzerland 12 2 Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, U.S.A. 13 3 Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37, 08003 14 Barcelona, Spain 15 4 The University Museum, The University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan 16 5 B. P. Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96817-0916 U.S.A. 17 6 Biology Department, City College of New York, City University of New York, 160 Convent 18 Avenue, NY 10031, U.S.A. 19 7 Biology Department, University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia, 23173, USA 20 8 9-7-106 Minami-Ôsawa 5 chome, Hachiôji-shi, Tokyo 192-0364, Japan 21 9 Ph.D. Program in Biology, Graduate Center, City University of New York, 365 Fifth Ave., New 22 York, NY 10016, U.S.A. 23 10 Entomology Section, National Museum of the Philippines, Manila 1000, Philippines 24 25 *To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail: [email protected] Page 3 of 55 Systematic Entomology 2 26 27 ABSTRACT 28 The origin of taxa presenting a disjunct distribution between Africa and Asia has puzzled 29 biogeographers for centuries.
    [Show full text]
  • A Check List of Butterflies of Rajshahi University Campus, Bangladesh Shah H.A
    Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi. Univ. Vol. 32, 2013 pp. 27-37 ISSN 1023-6104 http://journals.sfu.ca/bd/index.php/UJZRU © Rajshahi University Zoological Society A Check List of Butterflies of Rajshahi University Campus, Bangladesh Shah H.A. Mahdi, A.M. Saleh Reza, Selina Parween* and A.R. Khan Department of Zoology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh Abstract: The butterflies of the Rajshahi University campus have been collected and identifying since 1991. A total of 88 species under 56 genera and 10 families were identified. The number of identified species and their percentage were recorded family wise as: Nymphalidae (21, 23.86%), Pieridae (20, 22.73%), Papilionidae (13, 14.77%), Danaidae (10, 11.36%), Lycaenidae (9, 10.23%), Satyridae (8, 9.09%), Hespiriidae (4, 4.54%); and those of the families Acraeidae, Amathusidae and Riodinidae (1, 1.14%). There were 24 very common, 23 common, 25 rare and 16 very rare species. Key words: Butterfly, Rajshahi University campus. Introduction Information System) for the classification of the butterflies, which is a universally accepted Among the beautiful creatures, butterflies attract taxonomic framework for these insects. the attention of peoples of different age and status. These insects play an essential role as Butterflies inhabit various environmental pollinators and thus serve as a vital factor in fruit conditions (Robbins & Opler, 1997). The diversity and crop production. The eggs, caterpillars and and abundance of butterflies are rich in the adults of butterflies are also important links of the tropical areas, especially in the tropical food chain. Butterflies are important indicators of rainforests. Bangladesh with its humid tropical forest health and the healthiness of the climate and unique geographic location is environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Around Haringhata Dairy Farm, Nadia District, West Bengal Including Range Extension of Prosotas Bhutea (De Niceville, [1884]) for Southern West Bengal, India
    Cuadernos de Biodiversidad 61 (2021): 1-16 I.S.S.N.: 2254-612X doi:10.14198/cdbio.2021.61.01 Preliminary checklist of butterfly (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) species around Haringhata dairy farm, Nadia district, West Bengal including range extension of Prosotas bhutea (de Niceville, [1884]) for southern West Bengal, India. Catálogo preliminar de las especies de mariposas (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea) de los alrededores de la granja lechera de Haringhata, distrito de Nadia, Bengala Occidental, incluida la ampliación del área de distribución conocida de Prosotas bhutea (de Niceville, [1884]) para el sur de Bengala Occidental, India. Rajib Dey1 1 All India Council of Technical Education ABSTRACT India [email protected] The aim of this paper is to investigate and produce an updated and exhaus- Rajib Dey tive checklist of butterfly species recorded around Haringhata Dairy Farm till December 2020. This list is intended to serve as a basis to prepare conservation strategies and generate awareness among the local people. The checklist com- Recibido: 05/01/2021 Aceptado: 15/02/2021 prises a total of 106 butterfly species belonging to 06 families, 19 subfamilies, Publicado: 08/03/2021 and 74 genera. It includes the range extension of Prosotas bhutea into the lower Gangetic plains of South Bengal. © 2021 Rajib Dey Licencia: Key words: Insect; Biodiversity; Checklist; Barajaguli; Prosotas bhutea. Este trabajo se publica bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional. RESUMEN El objetivo de este documento es investigar y producir una lista de verificación actualizada y exhaustiva de las especies de mariposas registradas alrededor de la Cómo citar: granja lechera Haringhata hasta diciembre de 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • 9 Morphometric Variation in the Species of Two
    J. biodivers. conserv. bioresour. manag. 3(1), 2017 MORPHOMETRIC VARIATION IN THE SPECIES OF TWO SUBFAMILIES OF LYCAENID BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA: LYCAENIDAE) OF BANGLADESH Akand, S., M. A. Bashar, S. Rahman and H. R. Khan Environmental Biology and Biodiversity Laboratory (EBBL), Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh Abstract A laboratory examination was done on the morphometric variation of lycaenid butterflies. Identifying characteristics, viz. forewing length (FWL), hind wing length (HWL), body length (BdL) and antennal length (AntL) were used for the analysis. A total of 514 individuals of lycaenid butterflies was identified under two subfamilies Polyommatinae and Theclinae. Among them 265 individuals were placed under 19 species of Polyommatinae and 249 individuals under 25 species of Theclinae. ANOVA tests were conducted to find differences between the butterfly species of the two subfamilies through identifying characters like FWL (F=10.37, P=0.005), HWL (F=3.81, P=0.067), BdL (F=5.78, P=0.027) and AntL (F=2.77, P=0.114). A linear regression analysis of FWL, HWL, BdL and AntL of the species under the two subfamilies showed significant differences between Polyommatinae and Theclinae. These differences stand among the species of both the subfamilies and produced good results to identify the species more correctly. Key words: Lycaenidae, butterfly, species, morphometric variation, Polyommatinae, Theclinae. INTRODUCTION Morphometrics is the study of any quantitative measurement and analysis of morphological traits affecting on it (Digo et al. 2015). Lycaenidae is commonly known as „Gossamer-winged butterflies‟ comprising a huge number of species– an estimated 6,000 species worldwide, with greatest diversity in the tropics (Ackery and Vane-Wright 1984, Fiedler 1996).
    [Show full text]
  • Tympanal Ears in Nymphalidae Butterflies: Morphological Diversity and Tests on the Function of Hearing
    Tympanal Ears in Nymphalidae Butterflies: Morphological Diversity and Tests on the Function of Hearing by Laura E. Hall A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Biology Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario, Canada © 2014 Laura E. Hall i Abstract Several Nymphalidae butterflies possess a sensory structure called the Vogel’s organ (VO) that is proposed to function in hearing. However, little is known about the VO’s structure, taxonomic distribution or function. My first research objective was to examine VO morphology and its accessory structures across taxa. Criteria were established to categorize development levels of butterfly VOs and tholi. I observed that enlarged forewing veins are associated with the VOs of several species within two subfamilies of Nymphalidae. Further, I discovered a putative light/temperature-sensitive organ associated with the VOs of several Biblidinae species. The second objective was to test the hypothesis that insect ears function to detect bird flight sounds for predator avoidance. Neurophysiological recordings collected from moth ears show a clear response to flight sounds and chirps from a live bird in the laboratory. Finally, a portable electrophysiology rig was developed to further test this hypothesis in future field studies. ii Acknowledgements First and foremost I would like to thank David Hall who spent endless hours listening to my musings and ramblings regarding butterfly ears, sharing in the joy of my discoveries, and comforting me in times of frustration. Without him, this thesis would not have been possible. I thank Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Arthropods Diversity As Ecological Indicators of Agricultural
    Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(4): 1745-1753 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Arthropods diversity as ecological indicators of www.entomoljournal.com JEZS 2020; 8(4): 1745-1753 agricultural sustainability at la yaung taw, © 2020 JEZS Received: 05-05-2020 Naypyidaw union territory, Myanmar Accepted: 08-06-2020 Kyaw Lin Maung Biotechnology Research Department, Kyaw Lin Maung, Yin Yin Mon, Myat Phyu Khine, Khin Nyein Chan, Department of Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education (Science and Aye Phyoe, Aye Thandar Soe, Thae Yu Yu Han, Wah Wah Myo and Aye Technology), Kyauk-se, Myanmar Aye Khai Yin Yin Mon Biotechnology Research Department, Department of Research and Innovation, Ministry of Education (Science and Abstract Technology), Kyauk-se, Myanmar Arthropod diversity was considered as ecological indicators of sustainable agriculture and forest Myat Phyu Khine management. High-quality habitats have the relation with healthy ecosystem functioning. In this study, Biotechnology Research Department, we collected the 101 species of arthropods which consists of 40 species of butterflies, 19 species of flies, Department of Research and Innovation, 14 species of beetles, 10 species of grasshoppers, 7 species of wasps, 6 species of bugs, 3 species moths, Ministry of Education (Science and Technology), Kyauk-se, Myanmar 1 species of millipede and 1 species of centipede at la yaung taw, Naypyidaw union territory, Myanmar. Shannon-Wiener’s diversity indexes, Pielou’s Evenness Index (Equitability) and relative abundance in Khin Nyein Chan Biotechnology Research Department, arthropods were analyzed. Arthropod’s diversity index was observed as 1.717 while the evenness index Department of Research and Innovation, was 0.372.
    [Show full text]
  • Selecting Flagships for Invertebrate Conservation
    Biodivers Conserv (2012) 21:1457–1476 DOI 10.1007/s10531-012-0257-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Selecting flagships for invertebrate conservation Maan Barua • Daniel J. Gurdak • Riyaz Akhtar Ahmed • Jatin Tamuly Received: 19 July 2011 / Accepted: 14 February 2012 / Published online: 4 March 2012 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 Abstract Invertebrates have a low public profile and are seriously underrepresented in global conservation efforts. The promotion of flagship species is one way to generate interest in invertebrate conservation. Butterflies are frequently labeled invertebrate flag- ships, but clear definitions of the conservation actions they are meant to catalyze, and empirical assessments of their popularity amongst non-Western audiences are lacking. To improve the use of invertebrate flagships, we examine how butterflies compare with other taxa in terms of popularity. We then identify characteristics of individual species that are appealing and explore whether these may be used to derive a set of guidelines for selecting invertebrate flagships. We conducted questionnaire-based surveys amongst two target audiences: rural residents (n = 255) and tourists (n = 105) in northeast India. Inverte- brates that were aesthetically appealing, or those that provided material benefits or eco- logical services were liked. Butterflies were the most popular group for both audiences, followed by dragonflies, honeybees and earthworms. A combination of large size and bright colours led to high popularity of individual species, whilst butterflies with unique Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10531-012-0257-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. M. Barua School of Geography and the Environment, Dysons Perrins Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK e-mail: [email protected] D.
    [Show full text]