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Reading William Morris, Peter Kropotkin, Ursula K. Le Guin, and PM in the Light of Digital Socialism
tripleC 18(1): 146-186, 2020 http://www.triple-c.at The Utopian Internet, Computing, Communication, and Concrete Utopias: Reading William Morris, Peter Kropotkin, Ursula K. Le Guin, and P.M. in the Light of Digital Socialism Christian Fuchs University of Westminster, London, [email protected], http://fuchs.uti.at Abstract: This paper asks: What can we learn from literary communist utopias for the creation and organisation of communicative and digital socialist society and a utopian Internet? To pro- vide an answer to this question, the article discusses aspects of technology and communica- tion in utopian-communist writings and reads these literary works in the light of questions con- cerning digital technologies and 21st-century communication. The selected authors have writ- ten some of the most influential literary communist utopias. The utopias presented by these authors are the focus of the reading presented in this paper: William Morris’s (1890/1993) News from Nowhere, Peter Kropotkin’s (1892/1995) The Conquest of Bread, Ursula K. Le Guin’s (1974/2002) The Dispossessed, and P.M.’s (1983/2011; 2009; 2012) bolo’bolo and Kartoffeln und Computer (Potatoes and Computers). These works are the focus of the reading presented in this paper and are read in respect to three themes: general communism, technol- ogy and production, communication and culture. The paper recommends features of concrete utopian-communist stories that can inspire contemporary political imagination and socialist consciousness. The themes explored include the role of post-scarcity, decentralised comput- erised planning, wealth and luxury for all, beauty, creativity, education, democracy, the public sphere, everyday life, transportation, dirt, robots, automation, and communist means of com- munication (such as the “ansible”) in digital communism. -
Marx's Confrontation with Utopia Darren Webb Department of Politics
In Search of the Spirit of Revolution: Marx's Confrontation with Utopia Darren Webb Department of Politics Thesis presented to the University of Sheffield for the degree of PhD, June 1998 Summary This thesis offers a sympathetic interpretation of Marx' s confrontation with Utopia. It begins by suggesting that Marx condemned utopianism as a political process because it undermined the principles of popular self-emancipation and self-determination, principles deemed by Marx to be fundamental to the constitution of any truly working class movement. As a means of invoking the spirit of revolution, it was therefore silly, stale and reactionary. With regards to Marx's own 'utopia', the thesis argues that the categories which define it were nothing more than theoretical by-products of the models employed by Marx in order to supersede the need for utopianism. As such, Marx was an 'Accidental Utopian'. Two conclusions follow from this. The first is that Marx's entire project was driven by the anti-utopian imperative to invoke the spirit of revolution in a manner consistent with the principles of popular self-emancipation and self-determination. The second is that, in spite of his varied attempts to do so, Marx was unable to capture the spirit of revolution without descending into utopianism himself Such conclusions do not, however, justify the claim that utopianism has a necessary role to play in radical politics. For Marx's original critique of utopianism was accurate and his failure to develop a convincing alternative takes nothing away from this. The accuracy of Marx's original critique is discussed in relation to the arguments put forward by contemporary pro-utopians as well as those developed by William Morris, Ernst Bloch and Herbert Marcuse. -
Utopia & Terror in the 20Th Century.Pdf
Utopia and Terror in the 20th Century Part I Professor Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius THE TEACHING COMPANY ® Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius, Ph.D. Associate Professor of History, University of Tennessee Vejas Gabriel Liulevicius was born in Chicago, Illinois. He grew up on Chicago’s Southside in a Lithuanian- American neighborhood and spent some years attending school in Aarhus, Denmark, and Bonn, Germany. He received his B.A. from the University of Chicago. In 1989, he spent the summer in Moscow and Leningrad (today St. Petersburg) in intensive language study in Russian. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in European history in 1994, specializing in modern German history. After receiving his doctorate, Professor Liulevicius spent a year as a postdoctoral research fellow at the Hoover Institution on War, Peace, and Revolution at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California. Since 1995, he has been a history professor at the University of Tennessee in Knoxville. He teaches courses on modern German history, Western civilization, Nazi Germany, World War I, war and culture, 20th-century Europe, nationalism, and utopian thought. In 2003, he received the University of Tennessee’s Excellence in Teaching award. Professor Liulevicius’s research focuses on German relations with Eastern Europe in the modern period. His other interests include the utopian tradition and its impact on modern politics, images of the United States abroad, and the history of Lithuania and the Baltic region. He has published numerous articles and his first book, War Land on the Eastern Front: Culture, National Identity and German Occupation in the First World War (2000), published by Cambridge University Press, also appeared in German translation in 2002. -
Sos Political Science & Public Administration M.A.Political Science
Sos Political science & Public administration M.A.Political Science II Sem Political Philosophy:Mordan Political Thought, Theory & contemporary Ideologies(201) UNIT-IV Topic Name-Utopian Socialism What is utopian society? • A utopia is an imagined community or society that possesses highly desirable or nearly perfect qualities for its citizens.The opposite of a utopia is a dystopia. • Utopia focuses on equality in economics, government and justice, though by no means exclusively, with the method and structure of proposed implementation varying based on ideology.According to Lyman Tower SargentSargent argues that utopia's nature is inherently contradictory, because societies are not homogenous and have desires which conflict and therefore cannot simultaneously be satisfied. • The term utopia was created from Greek by Sir Thomas More for his 1516 book Utopia, describing a fictional island society in the south Atlantic Ocean off the coast of South America Who started utopian socialism? • Charles Fourier was a French socialist who lived from 1772 until 1837 and is credited with being an early Utopian Socialist similar to Robert Owen. He wrote several works related to his socialist ideas which centered on his main idea for society: small communities based on cooperation Definition of utopian socialism • socialism based on a belief that social ownership of the means of production can be achieved by voluntary and peaceful surrender of their holdings by propertied groups What is the goal of utopian societies? • The aim of a utopian society is to promote the highest quality of living possible. The word 'utopia' was coined by the English philosopher, Sir Thomas More, in his 1516 book, Utopia, which is about a fictional island community. -
Socialism and the Blockchain
future internet Article Socialism and the Blockchain Steve Huckle * and Martin White Creative Technology Group, Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, Chichester 1, 128, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QT, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-0-1273-606755 Academic Editor: Carmen de Pablos Heredero Received: 5 August 2016; Accepted: 10 October 2016; Published: 18 October 2016 Abstract: Bitcoin (BTC) is often cited as Libertarian. However, the technology underpinning Bitcoin, blockchain, has properties that make it ideally suited to Socialist paradigms. Current literature supports the Libertarian viewpoint by focusing on the ability of Bitcoin to bypass central authority and provide anonymity; rarely is there an examination of blockchain technology’s capacity for decentralised transparency and auditability in support of a Socialist model. This paper conducts a review of the blockchain, Libertarianism, and Socialist philosophies. It then explores Socialist models of public ownership and looks at the unique cooperative properties of blockchain that make the technology ideal for supporting Socialist societies. In summary, this paper argues that blockchain technologies are not just a Libertarian tool, they also enhance Socialist forms of governance. Keywords: Bitcoin; blockchain; cryptocurrency; fiat money; libertarianism; socialism; Marxism; anarchism 1. Introduction Bitcoin (BTC) is referred to as cryptocurrency because it is a form of electronic cash that relies on cryptography. Since its inception in early 2009 [1], it has achieved a degree of prominence, not least in terms of market value; at the time of writing, its total market capitalisation was over US $6 billion [2]. Furthermore, governmental institutions are beginning to examine the blockchain technology underpinning BTC [3] because some of its properties, which we discuss below, may have implications that extend beyond economics and into social, political and humanitarian domains [4]. -
Mnfittt of Cbutation
GANDHI'S SOCIALISM AND ITS IMPACT ON EDUCATION DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Mnfittt of Cbutation BY Naseemul Haque Ansari Exam. Roll No. 3117 82 M. Ed.-9 Enrolment NO.-P-9708 UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF Dr. (Miss) Shakuntala Saxena Reader DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH 1982-83 :P^^AZA *iO v >.,, .. •i>S5 9g. •^ JNtVKS''^ 25 MAYI985 r'^t^r'^'4"» 9^ fw DS598 CHEC;;„D-2033 CERTIFICATE Certified that Mr. Naseemul Haque Ansari has completed his dissertation entitled "Gandhi's Socialism and Its Impact on Education," under my supervision and, submitted for partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Education in session 1982-83, ( Dr. (Miss) Sh^cuntala Saxena ) Supervisor ACKKOWLEDGEhENTS Acknowledging the help made available to me can never repay their labour and love extended to me. Keeping with the tradition I, therefore, extend my profound gratitude to Dr.(Miss) Shakuntala Saxena, Reader, Department of Education, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh without v/hose unremitting able guidance, sympathetic attitude and deep interest in the study, it would not have been possible for me to complete this dissertation. My sincere thanks are for Mr. Syed.Md. Noman for his ever available great contribution and making him available all the time for his selfless help. I am also greatful to Mr. Md. Parvez, Mr. Salman Israiely, Mr. Haseenuddin and Mr. Ejaz Ahmed Khan who provided their full support and cooperation in making the reference books available and thus enabling me to proceed with my work v/ithout any impediment. Besides help also came indirectly from several friends and office bearers to whoi^e I will always be thankful. -
Weekly Worker April 30)
Socialist Party weekly in crisis here are few things more stom- the existence of a timeless, transcen- ach-churning than watching dental, ahistorical evil which pos- T bourgeois society going sesses certain individuals - and not through one of its moralistic spasms. others. This is the force responsible Over the last week we have been bom- for producing Mary Bell - and Syd- barded by sensationalist stories about ney Cooke, Fred West, Thomas Ham- the “child killer” Mary Bell. The bigot- ilton, Peter Sutcliffe, etc. fuelled tabloids, of course, have had Naturally, anyone who challenges a field day, stoking up prejudice and orthodox reactionary assumptions is all manner of backward ideas. immediately suspect - and risks being Unsurprisingly, tabloid editors stifled. (For example, look at the at- have been working overtime evoking tempts to ban the ‘offensive’ film lurid images which could come from Crash.) The Omen or The Exorcist - watch out The real facts about the grim and for ‘children of Satan’ or armies of tragic life of the young Mary Bell do zombie-like killer-children roaming not fit into the neat and easy catego- your street. As Emma Forest wrote in ries conjured up the salivating tab- The Guardian: “In reporting on mur- loids. Sentenced to life imprisonment der, there is an unspoken tabloid rule: in 1968 at the age of 11 for the man- when men kill it’s bad. When women slaughter of two boys aged four and kill it’s evil. And when children kill it’s three, Mary Bell had suffered appall- satanic” (May 4). ing maltreatment - sexual abuse and Thus, naturally, Mary Bell is sup- general deprivation - at the hands of posed to become a hate figure - so her mother and her ‘male visitors’. -
Rising with the Robots: Towards a Human-Machine Autonomy for Digital Socialism
tripleC 18(1): 67-83, 2020 http://www.triple-c.at Rising With the Robots: Towards a Human-Machine Autonomy for Digital Socialism Christopher M. Cox The University of Akron, Akron, OH, USA, [email protected] Abstract: This essay is concerned with conceptualising digital socialism in two ways. First, this essay typifies digital socialism as a real utopian project bringing together the utopian po- tential of “full automation” as tied to socio-economic imperatives indicative of socialist aims. Second, in recognition of a critical gap between full automation and an emerging technological autonomy, this essay argues for a human-machine autonomy that situates autonomy as a shared condition among humans and machines. By conceiving of humans and automated technologies as autonomous subject aligned against capital, pursuing the aims of digital so- cialism can anticipate and avoid capitalist ideologies that hinders possibilities for autonomous pursuit of digital socialism. Keywords: digital socialism, robots, robotics, fully-automated communism, full automation, human-machine autonomy, Autonomist Marxism, Autonomism 1. Introduction This essay attempts to answer the question “how do recent debates about ‘full auto- mation’ and postcapitalist socioeconomics establish a foundation for conceptualizing digital socialism?” Since 2015, debates about socialism have exhibited a resurgence among public consciousness and electoral politics in the western world. From the election of “Marx- admiring socialist” (Danner 2015) Jeremy Corbyn as leader of the UK Labour Party to successive Bernie Sanders U.S. presidential campaigns foregrounding “democratic socialism” as a series of comprehensive socio-economic reforms aimed at creating an economy that “works for all, not just the very wealthy” (Frizell 2015) to the surge of 13,000 new members and 100 new chapters of the Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) (Schwartz 2017), “socialism” is increasingly mobilized by political actors. -
Week School on Political Issues from the History of AWL
Week school on political issues from the history of AWL Day One Session: Heterodox, orthodox, and “orthodox Mark 2” 1. Why we started: 1966-8 Trotskyism: http://www.workersliberty.org//taxonomy/term/555 http://www.workersliberty.org/wwaawwmb The AWL's tradition: http://www.workersliberty.org/node/5146 Session: Party and perspectives What happened in 1968 and how the left responded ***************** Why we fused with IS (SWP) Timeline 2. Ireland: 1968-71 1964 July 2: After years of civil rights agitation in USA, Civil Rights http://www.workersliberty.org/node/10010 Act becomes law. October 15: Labour wins general election, after 13 years of Session: The debates in 1969 - “withdraw subsidies”, Tory rule “southern arsenals”, “troops out” before August 1969, “Catholic economism” and transitional demands, “troops out” 1965 in August 1969. January 31: USA starts bombing of North Vietnam. Vietnam war, and movement against it, escalate. Day Two February: SLL, then biggest revolutionary group in Britain, launches its own independent "Young Socialists" as a 3. The Tories and Labour 1970-4 response to limited expulsions by Labour Party after SLL wins majority in Labour youth movement. Session: General strike Our Labour Party debate then: syndicalism, economism, and 1966 politics Summer: Beginning of "Cultural Revolution" in China: a faction of the bureaucracy mobilises gangs to purge rivals 4. Stalinism 1968-75 reinforce autarkic, ultra-statist policy. But many leftists in the West will admire the "Cultural Revolution"; Maoism will Session: Czechoslovakia 1968 be a big force on the revolutionary left from 1968 to the “Soviet dissidents” mid-70s, though less so in Britain than in other European Vietnam and Cambodia 1975 countries. -
Petty Bourgeois Deviations?
Petty bourgeois deviations? https://internationalviewpoint.org/spip.php?article6154 International left Petty bourgeois deviations? - IV Online magazine - 2019 - IV534 - July 2019 - Publication date: Monday 22 July 2019 Copyright © International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine - All rights reserved Copyright © International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine Page 1/3 Petty bourgeois deviations? This contribution has been published in the July-August issue of Sozialistische Zeitung (SoZ) which is published since 1986 in Cologne.* The CWI is an international organization in the Trotskyist tradition. [1] Its strongest national organization is the âEurosoemother partyâEuros Socialist Party in England and Wales. In the 1980s, when its members were still working in the Labour Party, then as the âEurosoeMilitant TendencyâEuros , it gained great prestige through its fight against Margret Thatcher's poll tax, among other things. According to reports, this organization could be threatened with division. By all accounts and that is where the problem begins. We are dependent on âEurosoeleakedâEuros internal documents on the Internet, press articles based on them from other left-wing groups in the English-speaking world and a kind of Kreml-astrology. The CWI does not publicly discuss the differences of opinion that have arisen. In particular, a 12-page text by Peter Taaffe (English member of the leadership of the CWI for almost 50 years) dated 15 January this year and entitled âEurosoeIn defence of a working-class orientation for the CWIâEuros is available on the Internet. At the very beginning, heavy guns are fired at the CWI: âEurosoe... the CWI is confronted with ...tendencies towards petty bourgeois MandelismâEuros . [2] Above all, Taaffe accuses the Irish organization of the CWI of âEurosoeabandoning the necessity of an organization based on the working class movementâEuros in favour of âEurosoeidentity politicsâEuros .. -
Libya, Anti-Imperialism, and the Socialist Party
Published on Workers' Liberty (http://www.workersliberty.org) Libya, anti-imperialism, and the Socialist Party By Sean Matgamna This is a copy-edited and slightly expanded version of the text printed in WL 3/34 Libya, anti-imperialism, and the Socialist Party Did Taaffe equate the Libyan rebels with the Nicaraguan contras? [3] Anything other than "absolute opposition" means support? [4] Intellectual hooliganism and AWL's "evasions" [5] What is more important in the situation than stopping massacre? [6] Bishop Taaffe and imperialism [7] What is the "anti-imperialist" programme in today's world? [8] From semi-colony to regional power [9] Taaffe's record as an anti-imperialist [10] The separation of AWL and the Socialist Party [11] Militant in the mid 1960s [12] How did we come to break with Militant? Anti-union laws [13] What is a Marxist perspective? [14] Peaceful revolution [15] Our general critique of Militant's politics [16] "We can't discuss what Grant and Taaffe can't reply to" [17] The US in Iraq and union freedoms [18] Socialists and the European Union [19] Toadying to Bob Crow [20] Ireland: why socialists must have a democratic programme [21] Conclusion: Pretension [22] Appendix: Militant and the Labour Party, 1969-87 - a strange symbiosis [23] What We Are And What We Must Become: critique of Militant, written in 1966, which became the founding document of the AWL tendency, is available at http://www.workersliberty.org/wwaawwmb The RSL (Militant) in the 1960s: a study of passivity: an account of how What We Are And What We Must Become came to be written, and the battle around its ideas. -
Campaigning for the Labour Party but from The
Campaigning for the Labour Party but from the Outside and with Different Objectives: the Stance of the Socialist Party in the UK 2019 General Election Nicolas Sigoillot To cite this version: Nicolas Sigoillot. Campaigning for the Labour Party but from the Outside and with Different Ob- jectives: the Stance of the Socialist Party in the UK 2019 General Election. Revue française de civilisation britannique, CRECIB - Centre de recherche et d’études en civilisation britannique, 2020, XXV (3), 10.4000/rfcb.5873. hal-03250124 HAL Id: hal-03250124 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03250124 Submitted on 4 Jun 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Revue Française de Civilisation Britannique French Journal of British Studies XXV-3 | 2020 "Get Brexit Done!" The 2019 General Elections in the UK Campaigning for the Labour Party but from the Outside and with Different Objectives: the Stance of the Socialist Party in the UK 2019 General Election Faire campagne pour le parti travailliste mais depuis l’extérieur et avec des objectifs différents: