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Nurhaci Oboi Names Is Carelessly Done, and the Style Is Crude Nurhaci Oboi names is carelessly done, and the style is crude. chen, Ch'ing k'ai-kuo shih-liao k'ao (char. in bib!. For these reasons both Shih-lu were many times of Abahai); idem. W. M.S. C. K.; Walter Fuchs, revised, and a third was completed about 1686, "The Personal Chronicle of the First Manchu under the title Ch'ing T'ai-tsu Kao Huang-ti Emperor," Pacific Affairs, 'vol. IX, no. 1; idem., shih-lu, 10 ch'tlan. The original manuscripts of Beitriige zur Manjurischen Bibliographie und three different drafts made in preparation for this Literatur (1936); Pan-li Ssu-k'u ch'iian-shu tang-an Shih-lu were reproduced in 1933-34 under the (see bibl. under Chi Yun) 1/62a; A:&lil. Pa­ title, T'ai-tsu Kao Huang-ti shih-lu kao-pen ch'i hua-lu, p. 39b; Inaba Iwakichi li!l-~i!f, san-chung (~*::::=.8). The fourth and last iflljf+HJi~~ Manshu Hattatsushi (1935, revised Shih-lu, in 10 chiian, was completed early in edition), chapter VI; idem. :J'elijtt~ftQ)~ 1740 under the same title as the third. It was ifi¥11-f*- Kokaikun .Jidai no Mansen kankei (1933), published in 1931. This last version satisfied chapter III and appendix pp. 49-127; Mitamura Emperor Kao-tsung because it excluded all Taisuke =mt-tlUfT, ~~~JtQ)$;9{t: references that hurt his pride. It became "?I." '(, in JltfF~:JOF~ Toyoshi Kenkyu, vol. standard throughout the ensuing years until the III, nos. 3, 4 (1936); Imanishi ShunjU 4-'N*fk, discovery and publication of the earlier versions. t'-f:::::,f)jjfJlQ)JI~ in Shirin, vol. XX, nos. Though all these versions of the Shih-lu are in 3, 4 (1935); Sonoda Ikki II m-e, M::tiillln Chinese, they are nevertheless based on early ~~~Jl;H.fl~ in Manshu Gakuho ~i#f$fi, Manchu manuscript records. An incomplete no. 2 (1933).] copy of an original Manchu manuscript (31 FANG CHAO-YING volumes) is preserved in the Palace Museum, Peiping, and a copy of the same, revised in the Ch'ien-lung period, in 179 volumes, is in the 0 Palace Museum in Mukden. The latter has OBOI If~, d. 1669, a Manchu of the Bordered recently been put into Chinese, and an abridged Yellow Banner, was the third son of Uici .... edition was published in 1929 by Chin-liang one of the members of the important Solgo (see under Weng T'ung-ho) under. the title, family of the Guwalgiya clan. In 1634, in ifWi#f~:fiH Man-chou lao-tang pi-lu. These return for his military services, he was granted an Manchu records cover the early years (1607-16), hereditary commission as niru i janggin (captain the T'ien-ming period (1616--27) of Nurhaci's of a company) and appointed to the position of reign, and the T'ien-ts'ung period (1627-36) of colonel. For bravery shown in the attack on Abahai's reign. the island fortresses of the Ming armies, he was in 1637 made a baron of the third class and given [1/1/1a; 1/228/1a; The second and fourth editions the honorary title, baturu. After further military of Nurhaci's Shih-lu; Chiang Liang-ch'i [q. v.], service in 1641 and 1643 he was rewarded with Tung-hua lu; Hauer, E. (tr.), Huang-Ch'ing the rank of viscount of the third class. In 1644 K'ai-kuo Fang-lueh (1926); Meng Sen it~, he followed Dorgon [q. v.] to Peking and con­ JYJ:Jtfft~~ite Ming-yiian Ch'ing-hsi t'ung-chi tinued to serve with distinction in the army. (1934); idem, fNj:mJl{!f~--l:;*fiZJl;* After being raised to a viscount of the first class ~~ in ~- Shih-hsiieh, no. 1 (1935); idem. (1645), he took part in several important cam­ fN::kii.IBIYJ~.ffti!JJt~$~ in Jour. of Sino­ paigns during Dorgon's regency-fighting first logical Studies (Kuo-hsiieh chi-k'an) vol. VI, no. 1 against Li Tzu-ch'eng [q. v.], then against Chang (1936); idem, A1ifefliiJ!t~Jf in Bulletin of the Hsien-chung [q. v.], and finally against Chiang Institute of History and Philology (Academia Hsiang [q. v.]. Apparently he was one of Sinica), vol. VI, part 3 (1936), idem, filffij'NfJ~ Dorgon's trusted men. However, in 1651, imme­ Ch'ing-ch'ao ch'ien-chi (1930); Wang Tsai-chin diately after Dorgon's death (late in 1650), he [q. v.], San-ch'ao Liao-shih shih-lu; Ch'en Chi-ju and several courtiers assisted Emperor Shih-tsu [q. v.], Chien-chou k'ao; P'eng Sun-i [q. v.], Shan­ (i.e., Fu-lin, q. v.) to get rid of Dorgon's faction chung wen-chien lu; Huang Tao-chou [q. v.], and so have more power in government. Oboi Po-wu tien-hui, chilan 24; Cha Chi-tso [q. v.], was made a marquis and a year later (1652) was Tsui-wei lu; -~~~ nng-t'ien t'ung-chih (1934); Ku-kung chou-k'an (see bibl. under Na­ raised to a duke of the second class. He also yen-ch'eng), nos. 245-459; Ming-Ch'ing shih-liao held the highest military rank, namely chamber­ (see under Hung Ch 'eng-ch 'ou); Hsieh Kuo- lain of the Imperial Bodyguard. In addition to 599 Oboi Oboi other honors, he was given in 1656 the title of second class dukedom was given to his son, Junior Tutor. Namfe lfif;l,j. Before his death, early in 1661, Emperor By this time one of the regents, Soni, had died Shih-tsu designated his son, then eight sui, heir (see under Songgotu). Oboi and Ebilun worked to the throne. He became Emperor Sheng-tsu together while the third, Suksah§., alone and (Hsuan-yeh, q. v.). During his minority affairs powerless, immediately petitioned for permission were directed by four joint regents, namely, to retire. As a member of the Plain White Soni (see under Songgotu), Ebilun [q. v.], Suksaha Banner he had, since the establishment of the fi"{l~llft (d. 1667), and Oboi. They had all regency, been increasingly hostile to Oboi. Be­ been in Emperor Shih-tsu's confidence because fore he could retire, however, Oboi found means they had helped him to overthrow Dorgan's for bringing him to trial and, overruling opposi­ clique. With the support of Ebilun, Oboi worked tion from Emperor Sheng-tsu, ordered his sum­ himself into a position of authority and ruled mary execution. Even his sons and relatives virtually supreme for the next eight years. He were executed. Left alone in power with took adva,ntage of his power to settle several Ebilun, Oboi attempted to maintain control over personal feuds and put a number of important Emperor Sheng-tsu who was still under fourteen men to death. years of age. In 1669 the emperor, with the Most bitterly condemned of all his policies help of Songgotu [q. v.], had him arrested for was his plan to rearrange the settlement of some insolence. Prince Giyesu [q. v.], then chief of of the Banners. From the time of the organiza­ the Council of Princes and High Officials, imme­ tion of the Eight Banners by Nurhaci [q. v.], diately prepared a list of thirty crimes charged their relative positions in a traditional geo­ against him. Many of the members of his clique metrical form had been fixed. This arrangement were executed, including Grand Secretary Bam­ was followed in such matters as the deployment bursan :Sf:fflflff, a grandson of Nurhaci. of forces for a siege, and was the order in which Oboi himself was thrown into prison where he the Banner regiments were later settled in the soon died. Both of his dukedoms were abolished Tartar City at Peking. The north side, being and his descendants became commoners. the position of honor, was occupied by the two In 1713 Emperor Sheng-tsu, in remembrance Yellow Banners; the east, by the White Banners; of Oboi's early exploits, gave him posthumously the west, by the Red; and the south, by the Blue. the hereditary rank of a baron, which, after In the allotment of estates and lands to the being held for some time by a grandnephew of Banners, after the occupation of the province of Oboi, was given to a grandson, Dafu i!JIII (d. Chihli in 1644, some attempt was made to follow 1731). In 1727, when Dafu was appointed a the same arrangement geographically, although deputy lieutenant general, he so impressed it was impossible to do this with precision. As Emperor Shih-tsung (Yin-chen, q. v.) at an an exception the regent, Dorgan, having selected audience that the emperor restored his grand­ Yung-p'ing in the extreme northeast as his own father's dukedom in order that he might inherit residence, allocated the surrounding territory it. Moreover, the designation, Ch'ao-wu (~it to his own Banner, the Plain White. The ~), was specifically given to this dukedom. In 1729 Dafu was sent to assist Furdan [q. v.] in Bordered Yellow Banner which would normally fighting against the Eleuths. Two years later, have occupied this section received territory in when the expeditionary forces were defeated the central part of the province, east of Paotingfu. west of Khobdo (see under Furdan), Dafu com­ Although the situation had remained so for manded the rear guard while the main army fell almost twenty years, Oboi began to agitate for back. He was killed on the battlefield. an exchange of territory between the two groups Late in 1780, Emperor Kao-tsung enumerated in a manner which would be advantageous for the the crimes of Oboi and decreed that he and his Bordered Yellow Banner, to which both he and descendants were not entitled to an hereditary Ebilun belonged.
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