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CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

In this chapter, the writer presents (a) background of the study, (b) statements of the problem, (c) purpose of study, (d) scope and limitation, (e) significance of study, and

(f) definition of key term.

1.1 Background of the Study

Literature has been widely known by many people and experts. The word

‘literature’ derives from the word ‘littera’ in Latin which means letter. It refers to the written or printed words. However, now, the term ‘literature’ is focused move on and restricted to merely imaginative works, which comes up from the imaginative mind of the story writers. Klarer (2004:1) asserts that in most cases, literature referred to as the entirety of written expression, with the restriction that not every written document can be categorized as literature in the more exact sense of the word. Literature then, can be said as a creative writing by an author with aesthetic values which makes literature regarded as an art. Nowadays, literature exists because it pleasures us by imitating life, or more precisely, by displaying its writers’ vision of life as it should be (Koesnosoebroto in

Vibriyanti (2016: 1). Its means literature can give pleasure, and show what is happening around us and in what perspective of life and poured into literary work.

One of literary works is film. Film is predetermined by literary techniques: conversely, literary practice developed particular features under the impact of film

(Klaler, 2004: 56). People in every part of the world watch film that tells stories as a type of entertainment; a way to have fun. Most of films are made by producers so that films 2

can be shown on big screen at cinemas or film theatres. By watching a film, people can get some information and get the moral value from the film which is important and can be applied in our life.There are several genres of film. One of them is drama film.

According to Dirk (2008), drama film tells about human dramas of everyday life and conveys their meaning. In this genre, threats to love and family come from society and the families themselves and reflect the concern of the prevailing culture. The researcher is very interested in drama film because it has relations with the real world. One example of drama film as “Whiplash”. It is an American independent drama music film written and directed by Damien Chazelle which is released in 2014. Whiplash shows us about kid who faced a bullying.

The previous study done by Riffaudin (2016) in analyzing bullying phenomenon faced by teenagers in Indonesia tells about cyberbullying. Cyberbulling is a type of bullying which used social media as a intermediary. The researcher focused on analyzing social media, especially in facebook. He found some issues such as the impact of cyberbullying and a solution offerings and show the ethics of using social media.

Furthermore, previous study which has been done by Darmalina (2014) in analyzing the school bullying action shows that bullying can happen in every situation even in a school.

Specifically, the object of the study was pupils in Elememetary School. She found a problem and ways to solve it. However, it is not enough to explain about the bullying action faced by a person in one life or not detailed yet.

Based on that’s previous study, the researcher is interested in conducting reasearch about film, that is “Whiplash” film. This study focuses on analyzing bullying.

The topic which is chosen is the bullying action faced by the main character which will 3

be explained in more detailed in the study entitled “Analysis on bullying action faced by

Andrew in”whiplash”film by Damien Chaezelle”. In this current study, the film is

analyzed because it offers many valuable lessons, message and interesting story.

“Whiplash” film is chosen to be analyzed because it tells bullying action faced by

Andrew in high school musical. This story is based on the experience that the director

already got when he learned about music.

Bullying is a unique but complex form of interpersonal aggression, which takes many forms, serves different functions, and is manifested in different patterns of

relationships (Swearer and Hymel 2015:344).The researcher conducts this study because

he interest on a bullying which shows by the film. The reasons above are motivated to

conduct this study is expected to give new insight and important lesson to the audiences

who know and involve to bullying and to the teachers who have the student that is

involved in bullying actions. Moreover, the study is relevant to include in literature which

shows one of the phenomenon in human life that is bullying actions faced by Andrew.

Furthermore, there is no student in University of Muhammadiyah Malang have analyzed

about bullying.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Based on the background of the study, the statements of problem can be formulated as follows:

1. What are bullying actions faced by Andrew in “Whiplash” Film by Damien

Chazelle?

2. What are the factors causing the bullying on his life?

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1.3 Purpose of Study

In the line with the formulated research questions, the purposes of the study are becoming the target of this study. These purposes of the study are:

1. To explain bullying actions faced by Andrew in “Whiplash” Film by Damien

Chazelle

2. To find out the factors causing bullying on Andrew’s life

1.4 Scope And Limitation

The scope of this study is focused on bullying actions which happen in “Whiplash” film directed by Damien Chazelle. Furthermore, it is limited to discussing the factors causing bullying actions on Andrew’s life.

1.5 Significance of Study

It is hoped that the result could give worthy contributions to the development of literature courses. Generally, the reseacher hopes that it could encourage students to read literature and to get good appreciation on English literature works. Specifically, the result of this study can be used as reference in writing a similar research from different tittle.

1.6 Definition of Key Term

2. Film or motion pictures communicate information and idea to get the

information and idea often driven by stories, with the characters we come to care

about, but a film might also develop an idea or explore visual qualities or sound

texture (Bordwell and Tompson: 2008).

3. Bullying is one type of violences that threatens a youth’s well-being in schools

and neighborhoods (Gladden et all:2004). 5

4. “Whiplash” is a drama film released in 2014, tells about a young ambitious

drummer conducted by his abusive teacher.

5. Damien Chazelleis an American and screenwriter.He made his

directorial debut with the musical guy and madeline on a Park Bench (2009).

6. Andrew is the main character in “Whiplash”