Lymphatic Filariasis
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The Functional Parasitic Worm Secretome: Mapping the Place of Onchocerca Volvulus Excretory Secretory Products
pathogens Review The Functional Parasitic Worm Secretome: Mapping the Place of Onchocerca volvulus Excretory Secretory Products Luc Vanhamme 1,*, Jacob Souopgui 1 , Stephen Ghogomu 2 and Ferdinand Ngale Njume 1,2 1 Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biology and Molecular Medicine, IBMM, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Rue des Professeurs Jeener et Brachet 12, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium; [email protected] (J.S.); [email protected] (F.N.N.) 2 Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Biotechnology Unit, University of Buea, Buea P.O Box 63, Cameroon; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 28 October 2020; Accepted: 18 November 2020; Published: 23 November 2020 Abstract: Nematodes constitute a very successful phylum, especially in terms of parasitism. Inside their mammalian hosts, parasitic nematodes mainly dwell in the digestive tract (geohelminths) or in the vascular system (filariae). One of their main characteristics is their long sojourn inside the body where they are accessible to the immune system. Several strategies are used by parasites in order to counteract the immune attacks. One of them is the expression of molecules interfering with the function of the immune system. Excretory-secretory products (ESPs) pertain to this category. This is, however, not their only biological function, as they seem also involved in other mechanisms such as pathogenicity or parasitic cycle (molting, for example). Wewill mainly focus on filariae ESPs with an emphasis on data available regarding Onchocerca volvulus, but we will also refer to a few relevant/illustrative examples related to other worm categories when necessary (geohelminth nematodes, trematodes or cestodes). -
Dolo Et Al., 2020
Serological Evaluation of Onchocerciasis and Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination in the Bakoye and Falémé foci, Mali Housseini Dolo1,6*, Yaya I. Coulibaly1,2, Moussa Sow3, Massitan Dembélé4, Salif S. Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciaa318/5811165 by guest on 29 April 2020 Doumbia1, Siaka Y. Coulibaly1, Moussa B. Sangare1, Ilo Dicko1, Abdallah A. Diallo1, Lamine Soumaoro1, Michel E. Coulibaly1, Dansine Diarra5, Robert Colebunders6, Thomas B. Nutman7, Martin Walker8*, Maria-Gloria Basáñez9* 1 Lymphatic Filariasis Research Unit, International Center of Excellence in Research, Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, Point G, Bamako, Mali 2 Centre National d’Appui à la lutte contre la Maladie (CNAM), Bamako, Mali 3 Programme National de Lutte contre l’Onchocercose, Bamako, Mali 4 Programme National d’Elimination de la Filariose Lymphatique, Bamako, Mali 5 Faculty of Geography and History, Bamako, Mali 6 Global Health Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium 7 Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA 8 Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences and London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, UK 9 Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research, MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Imperial College London, UK * contributed equally to this work. Correspondence -
CDC Center for Global Health 2016 Annual Report
CDC CENTER FOR GLOBAL HEALTH (CGH) 2016 ANNUAL REPORT Photo Credit: Athit Perawongmtha Photo Credit: Ashley Greiner 2016 CENTER FOR GLOBAL HEALTH (CGH) ANNUAL REPORT Message from the Director CDC’s global health work has a clear mission: to protect and improve health globally through science, policy, partnership, and evidence- based public health action. By ensuring that countries have the capabilities to prevent, detect, and respond to or treat health threats within their borders, the Center for Global Health (CGH) helps prevent regional and global health crises that affect health, security, and economic stability abroad and at home. Rebecca Martin In 2016, CGH’s dedicated staff advanced this mission across many Director, Center for Global Health, disease goals and geographic areas around the world. This annual Centers for Disease Control report illustrates the work that has been done in 2016 and provides and Prevention a portrait of CGH’s priorities and achievements, and the work that remains. This report also illustrates why CDC’s global health work is important and how it contributes to protecting people’s health and quality of life, both in the United States and abroad. I am proud of the strategic and impactful work in CGH over the last year, often under difficult and challenging conditions. This report highlights how scientists, epidemiologists, laboratory specialists, and countless other highly-trained experts from CGH were instrumental in achieving immunization of children at risk, in pressing forward in the fight against HIV and tuberculosis (TB), and in leading the efforts to control malaria, Zika, and a collection of other dangerous diseases that still afflict far too many people. -
How Should Indonesia Consider Its Neglected Tropical Diseases in the COVID-19 Era? Hopes and Challenges (Review)
BIOMEDICAL REPORTS 14: 53, 2021 How should Indonesia consider its neglected tropical diseases in the COVID-19 era? Hopes and challenges (Review) SHIFA FAUZIYAH1, SERIUS MILIYANI DWI PUTRI1, ZUKHAILA SALMA1, HAMIDAH RETNO WARDHANI1, FARADILA KHOIRUN NISA' HAKIM1, TEGUH HARI SUCIPTO2, FEBRIANA AQUARESTA3,4 and SOEGENG SOEGIJANTO2,5 1Master Program of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60132; 2Dengue Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60115; 3Clinical Microbiology Specialist Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java 60132; 4Palembang Health Laboratory Center, Palembang, South Sumatra 30126; 5Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Wijaya Kusuma Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java 60225, Indonesia Received December 3, 2020; Accepted March 24, 2021 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1429 Abstract. During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) Government‑supported integrated management is also a key pandemic, some countries, including Indonesia, have faced a component in eliminating NTD. Moreover, healthy lifestyle double burden with regards to disease control. As Indonesia campaigns that include social distancing, wearing a mask and is a tropical country, it serves as a suitable host for disease regularly washing hands should be promoted continuously to vectors and multiple microorganisms of causative agents of reduce the transmission of COVID‑19, which is potentially disease. In total, five of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) associated with a poor outcome in individuals with NTDs. should be a consideration in Indonesia during the COVID‑19 This review concluded that the Indonesian government should pandemic, including leprosy, yaws, filariasis, soil‑trans‑ strengthen their efforts toward NTD control using alternative mitted helminths and schistosomiasis. -
Phenotypic and Molecular Analysis of Desensitization to Levamisole in Male and Female Adult Brugia Malayi
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2019 Phenotypic and molecular analysis of desensitization to levamisole in male and female adult Brugia malayi Mengisteab T. Wolday Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Toxicology Commons Recommended Citation Wolday, Mengisteab T., "Phenotypic and molecular analysis of desensitization to levamisole in male and female adult Brugia malayi" (2019). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 17809. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17809 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Phenotypic and molecular analysis of desensitization to levamisole in male and female adult Brugia malayi by Mengisteab Wolday A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE Major: Toxicology Program of Study Committee: Richard J. Martin, Major Professor Alan P. Robertson Aileen F. Keating The student author, whose presentation of the scholarship herein was approved by the program of study committee, is solely responsible for the content of this thesis. The Graduate College will ensure this thesis is globally accessible and will not permit alterations after a degree is conferred. Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2019 Copyright © Mengisteab Wolday, 2019. All rights reserved. ii DEDICATION This Thesis research is dedicated to my loving and caring parents Tesfaldet Wolday and Mizan Teckleab, and my siblings Mussie, Selam, Daniel, Yonas, Alek and Abraham, and my son Yosias. -
Extensive Larva Migrans
Case Report Extensive larva migrans Vandana Rai Mehta, S. D. Shenoi Department of Skin and STD, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, India. Address for correspondence: Dr. S. D. Shenoi, Professor and Head, Dept of Skin and STD, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal - 576104, Karnataka, India. E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Larva migrans is characterized by tortuous migratory lesions of the skin caused by larvae of nematodes. A 26-year-old fisherman presented to us with complaints of an itchy eruption on his back and arms of two months’ duration. Clinical examination revealed multiple wavy serpentine tracts and fork like lesions with a raised absolute eosinophil count of 3800 cells/cmm. Biopsy was inconclusive. This case is reported to highlight the extensive involvement by larva migrans. KEY WORDS: Larva migrans, Fisherman INTRODUCTION Cutaneous larva migrans is a common tropically acquired dermatosis. It presents as an erythematous, serpiginous, pruritic, cutaneous eruption caused by percutaneous penetration and subsequent migration of larvae of various nematode parasites. CASE REPORT A 26-year-old male came with complaints of an itchy eruption on his back and arms of 2 months’ duration. He was a fisherman by occupation and gave a history of sleeping on the beach for long hours. He was treated Figure 1: Wavy serpiginous tracts with fork like lesions with antihistamines, but without any response. Cutaneous examination revealed multiple erythematous The baseline laboratory parameters were normal, with papules, plaques and wavy serpentine tracts on the back a raised absolute eosinophil count of 3800 cell/cmm. A and posterior aspect of arms (Figure 1). biopsy from the lesion showed only spongiosis with How to cite this article: Mehta VR, Shenoi SD. -
Insecurities and Dogs: an Obstacle to the Eradication of Dracunculiasis
dicine & Me S l u a r ic g e p r o y r T ISSN: 2329-9088 Tropical Medicine & Surgery Review Article Insecurities and Dogs: An Obstacle to the Eradication of Dracunculiasis Aja Kalu1*,Nwufo Amanda2 Department of Care of the Elderly, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospital, NHS Trust, Romford, Essex, UK; 2 Department of Public Health, University of Chester, Chester, UK. ABSTRACT Dracunculiasis is a parasitic worm infection also known as Guinea Worm Disease (GWD). It is caused by a nematode called Dracunculiasis Medinensis. It belongs to a group of communicable disease named Neglected Tropic Disease (NTD). Dracunculiasis is caused by drinking water contaminated with the vector copepods (water fleas). Although the disease is not fatal, the sores caused by the emerging worm in the lower limb can become secondarily infected and complications such as sepsis, tetanus can ensue. Also, the sores can cause abscess and cellulitis, leaving the individual incapacitated for weeks which extends beyond the emergence of the worm. Over the last three decades, the prevalence of Guinea worm disease has reduced drastically through cost effective intervention provided by The Cater Center, WHO, UNICEF with the disease targeted for eradication. Some African countries like Nigeria, Ghana, South Africa, and Kenya being the most recent, have eliminated the disease. Guinea worm is still present in Chad, Cameroon, Mali, Ethiopia where political instability, social inequalities and infection of dogs by the worm pose an increasing threat and obstacle to the elimination of the disease. Dracunculiasis represents a disease that can be eradicated without a drug or vaccine but with a cost-effective intervention that involves community efforts. -
Expression, Purification, and Inhibition Profile of Dihydrofolate Reductase from the Filarial Nematode Wuchereria Bancrofti
Montclair State University Montclair State University Digital Commons Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry 5-2018 Expression, Purification, and Inhibition Profile of Dihydrofolate Reductase from the Filarial Nematode Wuchereria Bancrofti Andrew M. Tobias Montclair State University, [email protected] Dea Toska Montclair State University, [email protected] Keith Lange Montclair State University, [email protected] Tyler Eck Montclair State University, [email protected] Rohit Bhat Montclair State University See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/chem-biochem-facpubs Part of the Biochemistry Commons MSU Digital Commons Citation Tobias, Andrew M.; Toska, Dea; Lange, Keith; Eck, Tyler; Bhat, Rohit; Janson, Cheryl A.; Rotella, David P.; Gubler, Ueli; and Goodey, Nina M., "Expression, Purification, and Inhibition Profile of Dihydrofolate Reductase from the Filarial Nematode Wuchereria Bancrofti" (2018). Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works. 3. https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/chem-biochem-facpubs/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Montclair State University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works by an authorized administrator of Montclair State University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Andrew M. Tobias, Dea Toska, Keith Lange, Tyler Eck, Rohit Bhat, Cheryl A. Janson, David P. Rotella, Ueli Gubler, and Nina M. Goodey This article is available at Montclair State University Digital Commons: https://digitalcommons.montclair.edu/chem- biochem-facpubs/3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Expression, purification, and inhibition profile of dihydrofolate reductase from the filarial nematode Wuchereria bancrofti Andrew M. -
Eisai Announces Results and Continued Support Of
No.17-18 April 19, 2017 Eisai Co., Ltd. EISAI ANNOUNCES RESULTS AND CONTINUED SUPPORT OF INITIATIVES FOR ELIMINATION OF LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS 5 YEAR ANNIVERSARY OF LONDON DECLARATION ON NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES Eisai Co., Ltd. (Headquarters: Tokyo, CEO: Haruo Naito, “Eisai”) has announced the results of its initiatives for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF), and its continued support of this cause in the future. This announcement was made at an event held in Geneva, Switzerland, on April 18, marking the 5th anniversary of the London Declaration on Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs), an international public-private partnership. Announced in January 2012, the London Declaration is the largest public-private partnership in the field of global health, and represents a coordinated effort by global pharmaceutical companies, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the World Health Organization (WHO), the United States, United Kingdom and NTD-endemic country governments, as well as other partners, to eliminate 10 NTDs by the year 2020. Since the signing of the London Declaration, donations of medical treatments by pharmaceutical companies have increased by 70 percent, and these treatments contribute to the prevention and cure of disease in approximately 1 billion people every year. Under the London Declaration, Eisai signed an agreement with WHO to supply 2.2 billion high-quality diethylcarbamazine (DEC) tablets, which were running in short supply worldwide, at Price Zero (free of charge) by the year 2020. These DEC tablets are manufactured at Eisai’s Vizag Plant in India. As of the end of March 2017, 1 billion tablets have been supplied to 27 endemic countries. -
Mosquitoes and the Lymphatic Filarial Parasites: Research Trends and Budding Roadmaps to Future Disease Eradication
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease Review Mosquitoes and the Lymphatic Filarial Parasites: Research Trends and Budding Roadmaps to Future Disease Eradication Damilare O. Famakinde ID Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Idi-Araba, Lagos 100254, Nigeria; [email protected]; Tel.: +234-703-330-2069 Received: 18 December 2017; Accepted: 27 December 2017; Published: 4 January 2018 Abstract: The mosquito-borne lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a parasitic, neglected tropical disease that imposes an unbearable human scourge. Despite the unprecedented efforts in mass drug administration (MDA) and morbidity management, achieving the global LF elimination slated for the year 2020 has been thwarted by limited MDA coverage and ineffectiveness in the chemotherapeutic intervention. Moreover, successful and sustainable elimination of mosquito-vectored diseases is often encumbered by reintroduction and resurgence emanating from human residual or new infections being widely disseminated by the vectors even when chemotherapy proves effective, but especially in the absence of effective vaccines. This created impetus for strengthening the current defective mosquito control approach, and profound research in vector–pathogen systems and vector biology has been pushing the boundaries of ideas towards developing refined vector-harnessed control strategies. Eventual implementation of these emerging concepts will offer a synergistic approach that will not only accelerate LF elimination, but also -
Identification and Characterization of the Forkhead Box
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FORKHEAD BOX FAMILY OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORS IN PARASITIC SCHISTOSOMES by MELISSA M. VARRECCHIA Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of philosophy Department of Biology CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY August 2017 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES We hereby approve the dissertation of Melissa M. Varrecchia candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Committee Chair Michael F. Benard Committee Member Emmitt R. Jolly Committee Member Christopher A. Cullis Committee Member Claudia M. Mizutani Committee Member Brian M. McDermott Date of Defense June 6, 2017 *We also certify that written approval has been obtained for any proprietary material contained therein. ii Dedication I would like to dedicate this dissertation to my Mom and Dad. Mom, thank you for your endless love, support and encouragement throughout the years. Dad, I miss you and I know that you are with me always, cheering me on in spirit. iii Table of Contents Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………...1 List of Tables……………………………………………………………………………..6 List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………....8 Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………………..…11 List of Abbreviations…………………………………………………………………...13 Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………15 Chapter 1: Introduction………………………………………………………………..17 1.1 Schistosomiasis………………………………………………………………17 1.2 Pathogenesis and treatment…………………………………………………..18 1.3 Schistosome life cycle………………………………………………………..20 1.4 Schistosome morphology -
Public Health Significance of Intestinal Parasitic Infections*
Articles in the Update series Les articles de la rubrique give a concise, authoritative, Le pointfournissent un bilan and up-to-date survey of concis et fiable de la situa- the present position in the tion actuelle dans les do- Update selectedfields, coveringmany maines consideres, couvrant different aspects of the de nombreux aspects des biomedical sciences and sciences biomedicales et de la , po n t , , public health. Most of santepublique. Laplupartde the articles are written by ces articles auront donc ete acknowledged experts on the redigeis par les specialistes subject. les plus autorises. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 65 (5): 575-588 (1987) © World Health Organization 1987 Public health significance of intestinal parasitic infections* WHO EXPERT COMMITTEE' Intestinal parasitic infections are distributed virtually throughout the world, with high prevalence rates in many regions. Amoebiasis, ascariasis, hookworm infection and trichuriasis are among the ten most common infections in the world. Other parasitic infections such as abdominal angiostrongyliasis, intestinal capil- lariasis, and strongyloidiasis are of local or regional public health concern. The prevention and control of these infections are now more feasible than ever before owing to the discovery of safe and efficacious drugs, the improvement and sim- plification of some diagnostic procedures, and advances in parasite population biology. METHODS OF ASSESSMENT The amount of harm caused by intestinal parasitic infections to the health and welfare of individuals and communities depends on: (a) the parasite species; (b) the intensity and course of the infection; (c) the nature of the interactions between the parasite species and concurrent infections; (d) the nutritional and immunological status of the population; and (e) numerous socioeconomic factors.