DOCSLIB.ORG

Magnetic Nanoparticles As Targeted Delivery Systems in Oncology

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Magnetic Nanoparticles As Targeted Delivery Systems in Oncology 1 review Magnetic nanoparticles as targeted delivery systems in oncology Sara Prijic1 and Gregor Sersa2 1 Nanotesla Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia 2 Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Department of Experimental Oncology, Ljubljana, Slovenia Received 10 November 2010 Accepted 5 January 2011 Correspondence to: Prof. Gregor Serša, Institute of Oncology Ljubljana, Zaloška 2, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. E-mail: [email protected] Disclosure: No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed. Background. Many different types of nanoparticles, magnetic nanoparticles being just a category among them, of- fer exciting opportunities for technologies at the interfaces between chemistry, physics and biology. Some magnetic nanoparticles have already been utilized in clinical practice as contrast enhancing agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, their physicochemical properties are constantly being improved upon also for other biologi- cal applications, such as magnetically-guided delivery systems for different therapeutics. By exposure of magnetic na- noparticles with attached therapeutics to an external magnetic field with appropriate characteristics, they are con- centrated and retained at the preferred site which enables the targeted delivery of therapeutics to the desired spot. Conclusions. The idea of binding chemotherapeutics to magnetic nanoparticles has been around for 30 years, how- ever, no magnetic nanoparticles as delivery systems have yet been approved for clinical practice. Recently, binding of nucleic acids to magnetic nanoparticles has been demonstrated as a successful non-viral transfection method of different cell lines in vitro. With the optimization of this method called magnetofection, it will hopefully become another form of gene delivery for the treatment of cancer. Key words: magnetic nanoparticles; nanotechnology; delivery systems; oncology; magnetofection; cancer therapy; magnetic targeting late 1970’s1, however, magnetically-guided gene Introduction targeting has emerged as rapid and efficient ap- proach in the beginning of the new millennium.2 Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field of Magnetic nanoparticles have been explored pre- technological developments on the nanometer dominantly in basic and translational research in scale offering comprehensive applications also to the field of oncology although some of them have biomedicine. Engineering particles a several tens of been already clinically approved as contrast en- nanometers in diameter has opened new possibili- hancing agents for magnetic resonance imaging ties for targeting cells within an organism either for (MRI).3 diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. Magnetically-guided drug or gene targeting using magnetic nanoparticles is a promising ap- Magnetic nanoparticles proach for cancer chemotherapy and cancer gene What are nanoparticles? therapy. The rationale behind these two treatment modalities is based on binding either chemothera- To date, there is no uniform definition of a nano- peutics or nucleic acids onto the surface of mag- particle. According to Kreuter, a nanoparticle is netic nanoparticles which are directed to and/ a solid colloidal particle ranging in size from 1 to or retained at the tumor by means of an external 1000 nm.4 In nanomedicine, »nano« can be applied magnetic field. Researchers have been study- to materials or surfaces that are intentionally al- ing magnetically-guided drug targeting since the tered and manipulated at nanometer scale result- Radiol Oncol 2011; 45(1): 1-16. doi:10.2478/v10019-011-0001-z 2 Prijic S and Sersa G / Magnetic nanoparticles in oncology FIGURE 1. Illustrative demonstration of size comparison of a nanoparticle at the microscopic level with corresponding relations on the macro- scopic level. Sizes at the microscopic level (A-D) are equivalent to the ones at the macroscopic level (E-H). Magnetic nanoparticle coated with a thin inorganic layer (A), magnetic nanoparticle coated with an organic polymer (B), prokaryotic cell (C) and eukaryotic cell (D) are in the same size relation as a mealworm (E), a rat (F), an alligator (G) and a blue whale (H), respectively. ing in new properties.5 Besides the differences in which has a complex crystal structure and unusual size, nanoparticles are also distinguished based on magnetic properties can also display magnetic be- their shape and chemical composition (Table 1). havior after special physicochemical treatment.9 Despite the fact that many nanoparticles meas- Briefly, the magnetic properties of a material are ure more than 100 nm in one dimension, a novel the reflection of magnetization which arises from explanation of a nanoparticle based on the follow- magnetic moments of unpaired electrons due to ing foundations has emerged. First, the majority their orbital motion around the nucleus of an at- of nanoparticles for biomedical applications are om and intrinsic spinning around their axes. Due prepared as colloidal dispersions, i.e. homogenous to the thermal fluctuations of magnetic moments chemical mixtures of two separated phases. The that reverse direction, some magnetic nanoparti- homogeneity of dispersed-phase particles into a cles exhibit superparamagnetic properties which continuous-phase aqueous medium is only pos- are defined as the nonappearance of magnetic be- sible if dispersed-phase particles have a diameter havior when the magnetic field is not present.10 between 5 and 200 nm.6 Second, unique differences Superparamagnetic properties are observed at of physical properties that distinguish nanoparti- sizes smaller than 15 nm for iron oxide maghemite 11 cles from atoms as well as from the bulk material (γ-Fe2O3). Hence, magnetic nanoparticles which are the most prominent below 100 nm. Hence, a are small enough, composed of iron oxide and dis- nanoparticle is defined as a particle of any kind of play magnetic behavior only in the presence of a material which has one or more dimensions equal magnetic field are called superparamagnetic iron to or smaller than 100 nm (Figure 1).7 oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). It is essential to use SPIONs in biomedical applications since the per- What are magnetic nanoparticles? manent magnetic behavior of magnetic particles within an organism would be redundant or even Nanoparticles consisting of iron, nickel and/or co- destructive when the magnetic field is removed. balt which exhibit magnetic properties are called For example, magnetically induced deformation of magnetic nanoparticles.8 Elemental manganese endosomes containing paramagnetic nanoparticles Radiol Oncol 2011; 45(1): 1-16. Prijic S and Sersa G / Magnetic nanoparticles in oncology 3 TABLE 1. Classification of nano-sized delivery systems by chemical compounds and shape. Magnetic nanoparticles which are most often used in biomedical applications are shadowed CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS SHAPE LIPIDS Egg phosphatidylcholine (EPC), egg phosphatidyl glycerol (EPG) Liposomes NATURAL PROTEINS Human serum albumin (HSA), gelatin Nanoparticles* CARBON HYDRATES Chitosan, alginate Nanoparticles* Dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol Liposomes (DMPG), dipalmitoyl phosphatidic acid (DPPA), distearoyl LIPIDS phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol (Ch) Tricaprin, trilaurin, trimylistin, tripalmitin with gliceryl Solid lipid monostearate, cetyl palmitate, stearic acid nanoparticles Homopolymers: Poly(alkylcyanoacrylate) (PACA), poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA), ORGANIC poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (pHPMA), Dendrimers polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), Nanoparicles* polyorthoesters, polycaprolactone (PCL), Nanocomposites SYNTHETIC POLYMERS poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), Nanobrushes poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), Nanotubes polylactides (PLA) Micelles Copolymers: Nanogels Poly(alkylcyanoacrylate)-co-poly(ethylene glycol), poly(lactid acid)-co-poly(glycolic acid) (PLGA), poly(L,L-lactide-co-L- aspartic acid), poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (PEVA) Cationic: Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) Anionic: SURFACTANTS Micelles Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) Non-ionic: Copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide) LIPIDS DPPC/Ch/γ-Fe O , Fe O Magnetic liposomes ORGANIC & 2 3 3 4 INORGANIC POLYMERS Ni-Zn-ferrite/SiO2, Fe-Ni/polymer, Co/polymer, PMMA/α-Fe2O3 Nanocomposites COMPOUNDS Ni-Fe/SiO2, Co/SiO2, Fe-Co/SiO2, Fe/Ni-ferrite, Ni-Zn-ferrite/SiO2 Nanocomposites Iron: Nanoparticles* γ-Fe2O3, Fe3O4 MgFe2O4, MnFe2O4, FePt, NiFe2O4 MAGNETIC Nickel: Nanoparticles* NiO, NiFe2O4 Cobalt: Nanorods Co O , CoFe O COMPOUNDS 3 4 2 4 INORGANIC Manganese: Mn3O4, MnO2 CdSe/ZnS Nanocrystals ZnO, Au, Ag, Cu, CdSe/ZnS, GaN, TiO2, C, TiC, VO2, V2O5, PbS, Nanorods CdS, SiC, BiPO , AOB Nanoparticles* NON- 4 MAGNETIC Calcium phosphate Nanocomposites Fullerenes ELEMENTS C Nanotubes * Nanoparticles include nanocapsules and/or nanospheres Radiol Oncol 2011; 45(1): 1-16. 4 Prijic S and Sersa G / Magnetic nanoparticles in oncology was shown by the transmission electron micro- sults in a layer around the particle. The potential scope (TEM).12 difference between the surrounding liquid me- Most studies discussed in this review refer to dium and the layer around the particle is called SPIONs, however not all of them. Hence, the supe- the zeta potential. Particles with a zeta potential rior term magnetic nanoparticles will be used also higher than 30 mV, either positive or negative, will for SPIONs in order to make the manuscript more repel each other, stay asunder and result in a sta- lucid
Load more

Recommended publications
  • What of Their Fate and Impact in Stem Cells? J.E
    Magnetic nanoparticles in regenerative medicine: what of their fate and impact in stem cells? J.E. Perez, Aurore van de Walle, Jose Perez, Ali Abou-Hassan, Miryana Hémadi, Nathalie Luciani, Claire Wilhelm To cite this version: J.E. Perez, Aurore van de Walle, Jose Perez, Ali Abou-Hassan, Miryana Hémadi, et al.. Magnetic nanoparticles in regenerative medicine: what of their fate and impact in stem cells?. Materials Today Nano, Elsevier, 2020, 11, pp.100084. 10.1016/j.mtnano.2020.100084. hal-03136031 HAL Id: hal-03136031 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03136031 Submitted on 9 Feb 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Magnetic nanoparticles in regenerative medicine: what of their fate and impact in stem cells? Aurore Van de Wallea,*, Jose Efrain Pereza, Ali Abou-Hassanb, Miryana Hemadic, Nathalie Luciania, Claire Wilhelma,* a Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes, Complexes MSC, UMR 7057, CNRS & University of Paris, 75205, Paris Cedex 13, France b Sorbonne Université, CNRS UMR 8234, Physicochimie des Electrolytes et Nanosystèmes InterfaciauX (PHENIX), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France. c Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes, Université de Paris, CNRS-UMR 7086, 75205 Paris Cedex 13, France * Corresponding authors, [email protected] ; [email protected] 1 Abstract With advancing developments over the use of magnetic nanoparticles in biomedical engineering, and more specifically cell-based therapies, the question of their fate and impact once internalized within (stem) cells remains crucial.
    [Show full text]
  • Magnetization Enhancement in Magnetite Nanoparticles Capped with Alginic Acid
    Magnetization Enhancement in Magnetite Nanoparticles capped with Alginic Acid B. Andrzejewski a* , W. Bednarski a, M. Ka źmierczak a,b , K. Pogorzelec-Glaser a, B. Hilczer a, S. Jurga b, M. Matczak a, B. Ł ęska c, R. Pankiewicz c, L. K ępi ński d aInstitute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences Smoluchowskiego 17, PL-60179 Pozna ń, Poland * corresponding author: [email protected] bNanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University Umultowska 85, PL-61614 Pozna ń, Poland cFaculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University Umultowska 89b, PL-61614 Pozna ń, Poland dInstitute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Okólna 2, PL-50422 Wrocław, Poland Abstract — We report on the effect of organic acid capping on the Magnetite exhibits the inverse spinel AB 2O4 behavior of magnetite nanoparticles. The nanoparticles of crystallographic structure with two different kinds of voids in magnetite were obtained using microwave activated process, and the fcc lattice of the O2- ions which are occupied by Fe atoms. the magnetic properties as well as the electron magnetic Tetrahedral A voids contain Fe 2+ ions, whereas octahedral resonance behavior were studied for the Fe O nanoparticles 3 4 B voids are occupied by mixed valency Fe 2+ and Fe 3+ ions. capped with alginic acid. The capped nanoparticles exhibit improved crystalline structure of the surface which leads to an Coupling between magnetic sublattices formed by the Fe moments located at sites A and B results in ferrimagnetic enhanced magnetization. The saturation magnetization Ms increases to ~75% of the bulk magnetization. The improved ordering. Mixed valence of the Fe ions and fast electron structure also facilitates quantization of spin-wave spectrum in hopping between the B sites are responsible for a relatively the finite size nanoparticles and this in turn is responsible for high electric conductivity of Fe 3O4 at high and moderate unconventional behavior at low temperatures.
    [Show full text]
  • Superparamagnetic Graphene Oxide–Fe3o4 Nanoparticles Hybrid for Controlled Targeted Drug Carriers
    PAPER www.rsc.org/materials | Journal of Materials Chemistry Superparamagnetic graphene oxide–Fe3O4 nanoparticles hybrid for controlled targeted drug carriers Xiaoying Yang,*a Xiaoyan Zhang,b Yanfeng Ma,b Yi Huang,b Yinsong Wanga and Yongsheng Chen*b Received 1st December 2008, Accepted 3rd February 2009 First published as an Advance Article on the web 5th March 2009 DOI: 10.1039/b821416f A superparamagnetic graphene oxide –Fe3O4 nanoparticles hybrid (GO–Fe3O4) was prepared via a simple and effective chemical precipitation method. The amount of loading of Fe3O4 on GO was estimated as 18.6 wt% by atomic absorption spectrometry. The hybrid was then loaded with doxorubicin hydrochloride (DXR) and the loading capacity was as high as 1.08 mg mgÀ1. Both of the GO–Fe3O4 hybrids before and after loading with DXR can be dispersed well in aqueous solution. They can congregate under acidic conditions and move regularly under the force of an external magnet. Furthermore, the aggregated hybrid can be redispersed to form a stable suspension under basic conditions. These properties make it a potential candidate for controlled targeted drug delivery and release. 1 Introduction biology and biomedicine including targeted drug delivery,10–12 immunoassays,13 hyperthermia,14 magnetic resonance imaging Graphene has attracted tremendous attention because of its contrast enhancements,15 and the separation, purification or 1,2 3 4 5 unique electronic, thermal, mechanical, optical properties detection of proteins, DNA, viruses, cell, etc.16–19 For biological and many potential applications in nanomaterials and nano- applications, many researchers have prepared Fe3O4 magnetic technology. Its one-atom thickness and two-dimensional plane nanoparticles with various structures or loaded them with provide it with a large specific surface area for the immobilization silica,20 polymer,21 lipid vesicles,22 etc.
    [Show full text]
  • Heating Mechanisms of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Hyperthermia Treatment
    Wright State University CORE Scholar Special Session 5: Carbon and Oxide Based Nanostructured Materials (2013) Special Session 5 6-2013 Heating Mechanisms of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Hyperthermia Treatment Anna Lukawska Gregory Kozlowski Wright State University - Main Campus, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/ss5_2013 Part of the Physics Commons Repository Citation Lukawska, A., & Kozlowski, G. (2013). Heating Mechanisms of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Hyperthermia Treatment. https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/ss5_2013/1 This Presentation is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Session 5 at CORE Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Session 5: Carbon and Oxide Based Nanostructured Materials (2013) by an authorized administrator of CORE Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Heating mechanisms of magnetic nanoparticles in hyperthermia treatment Anna Lukawska and Gregory Kozlowski Wright State University, Physics Department 3640 Col. Glenn Hwy., Dayton, OH 45435, USA Group Members Bachelor Student: Seun Master Students: Deema Xing Vartika Jessica Jason Anna PhD Student: Starting this Fall Postdoc: Erik New Lab Space Labs: PLD system lab Nano lab with Hyperthermia system, AFM, Silver Nano Particles project and Testing films and fluids real and imaginary parts of permeability and permittivity project Hyperthermia • Magnetic hyperthermia is a new non-surgical treatment of cancerous tumors. http://www.tutuz.com/world-conference-interventional-oncology-ferromagnetic-theory-cancer-oncogenesis/ Magnetism http://www.nitt.edu/home/academics/departments/physics/faculty/lecturers/justin/students/magnetic/origin/ • Quantum Mechanical Phenomenon • Originates from orbital motion and spin-1/2 rotational motion of an electron • Governed by Maxwell’s equations • Magnetic Variables are: B, H and M Magnetization Magnetization is the measure of the strength of magnetism in a material.
    [Show full text]
  • Page 1 of 54 RSC Advances
    RSC Advances This is an Accepted Manuscript, which has been through the Royal Society of Chemistry peer review process and has been accepted for publication. Accepted Manuscripts are published online shortly after acceptance, before technical editing, formatting and proof reading. Using this free service, authors can make their results available to the community, in citable form, before we publish the edited article. This Accepted Manuscript will be replaced by the edited, formatted and paginated article as soon as this is available. You can find more information about Accepted Manuscripts in the Information for Authors. Please note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the text and/or graphics, which may alter content. The journal’s standard Terms & Conditions and the Ethical guidelines still apply. In no event shall the Royal Society of Chemistry be held responsible for any errors or omissions in this Accepted Manuscript or any consequences arising from the use of any information it contains. www.rsc.org/advances Page 1 of 54 RSC Advances Table of contents entry Manuscript (available as a ppt file “Graphical abstract”) Solubilization and stabilization techniques for magnetic nanoparticles in water and non- aqueous solvents are reviewed. Accepted Advances RSC RSC Advances Page 2 of 54 1 Solubilization, dispersion and stabilization of magnetic nanoparticles in water and non-aqueous solvents: recent trends. Boris I. Kharisov, 1 H.V. Rasika Dias, 2 Oxana V. Kharissova,1* Alejandro Vázquez, 1 Yolanda Peña,1 Idalia Gómez 1 1. Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico. E-mail [email protected]. 2. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, USA.
    [Show full text]
  • An Efficient Copper-Based Magnetic Nanocatalyst for the Fixation
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN An efcient copper-based magnetic nanocatalyst for the fxation of carbon dioxide at atmospheric Received: 25 September 2017 Accepted: 2 January 2018 pressure Published: xx xx xxxx Rakesh Kumar Sharma1, Rashmi Gaur1, Manavi Yadav1, Anandarup Goswami2,3, Radek Zbořil 2 & Manoj B. Gawande 2 In the last few decades, the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the environment has caused havoc across the globe. One of the most promising strategies for fxation of CO2 is the cycloaddition reaction between epoxides and CO2 to produce cyclic carbonates. For the frst time, we have fabricated copper-based magnetic nanocatalyst and have applied for the CO2 fxation. The prepared catalyst was thoroughly characterized using various techniques including XRD, FT-IR, TEM, FE-SEM, XPS, VSM, ICP-OES and elemental mapping. The reactions proceeded at atmospheric pressure, relatively lower temperature, short reaction time, solvent- less and organic halide free reaction conditions. Additionally, the ease of recovery through an external magnet, reusability of the catalyst and excellent yields of the obtained cyclic carbonates make the present protocol practical and sustainable. In the present era of progressive global development, human activities, such as combustion of fossil fuels, deforestation and hydrogen production from hydrocarbons have contributed a lot towards raising the concen- 1 tration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere . Moreover, this rise is considered to be the major benefactor 2 towards global warming and abnormal climate changes . Hence, the mitigation of CO2 emission has become the serious albeit challenging issue for the countries, scientists and concerned area of research. 3–6 Consequently, a plethora of strategies have been developed for capturing and storage of CO2 (CCS) .
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Benefits and Limitations of Magnetic Nanoparticle Heating for Improved Applications in Cancer Hyperthermia and Biomaterial Cryopreservation
    Understanding the Benefits and Limitations of Magnetic Nanoparticle Heating for Improved Applications in Cancer Hyperthermia and Biomaterial Cryopreservation A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY Michael L. Etheridge IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Advisor: John C. Bischof December 2013 © Michael L. Etheridge 2014 Acknowledgements This work would not have been possible without the support (both professional and personal) of a great number of people. First, I would like to thank my advisor, Professor John Bischof, for his guidance throughout this endeavor. I waded into the Ph.D. program because I wanted to be sure that I could find a project I cared about and an advisor that I respected and could learn from. I think I developed a lot during my time here in the Bioheat and Mass Transfer Lab, thanks in a large part to our candid (and sometimes “lively”) discussions. Although our approaches may have differed, I think it provided overall for a great process and I am very proud of my work here. One of the greatest opportunities (and challenges) of this project was the collaborative nature of this research. Specifically, I would like to thank Dr. Steven Girshick (Mechanical Engineering), Dr. Rhonda Franklin (Electrical and Computer Engineering), Dr. Michael Garwood (Center for Magnetic Resonance Research), Dr. Jack Hoopes (Dartmouth College), Dr. Christy Haynes (Chemistry), and Dr. Chris Hogan (Mechanical Engineering), for a wide variety of technical and general direction over the years. In addition, Katie Hurley, Dr. Jeunghwan Choi, Zhenpeng Qin, Chunlan Jiang, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Magnetic Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine
    Magnetic Nanoparticles in Nanomedicine Kai Wu1, Diqing Su2, Jinming Liu1, Renata Saha1, and Jian-Ping Wang1,* 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA 2Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA *E-mail: [email protected] (Dated: November 4, 2018) Abstract: Nanomaterials, in addition to their small size, possess unique physicochemical properties that differ from the bulk materials, making them ideal for a host of novel applications. Magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) is one important class of nanomaterials that have been widely studied for their potential applications in nanomedicine. Due to the fact that MNPs can be detected and manipulated by remote magnetic fields, it opens a wide opportunity for them to be used in vivo. Nowadays, MNPs have been used for diverse applications including magnetic biosensing (diagnostics), magnetic imaging, magnetic separation, drug and gene delivery, and hyperthermia therapy, etc. This review aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of the state-of-the-art biological and biomedical applications of MNPs. In addition, the development of high magnetic moment MNPs with proper surface functionalization has progressed exponentially over the past decade. Herein, we also reviewed the recent advances in the synthesis and surface coating strategies of MNPs. This review is not only to provide in-depth insights into the different synthesis, biofunctionalization, biosensing, imaging, and therapy methods but also to give an overview of limitations and possibilities of each technology. Keywords: magnetic nanoparticle, nanomedicine, magnetic biosensing, magnetic imaging, magnetic separation. Table of Contents 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 3 2 Physical Properties of Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs).............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Synthesis of Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
    2013 77 Ana Arizaga Páez Synthesis of core-shell magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications Departamento Física de la Materia Condensada Director/es Millán Escolano, Ángel Palacio Parada, Fernando Tesis Doctoral Autor Director/es UNIVERSIDAD DE ZARAGOZA Repositorio de la Universidad de Zaragoza – Zaguan http://zaguan.unizar.es Departamento Director/es Tesis Doctoral SYNTHESIS OF CORE-SHELL MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS Autor Ana Arizaga Páez Director/es Millán Escolano, Ángel Palacio Parada, Fernando UNIVERSIDAD DE ZARAGOZA Física de la Materia Condensada 2013 Repositorio de la Universidad de Zaragoza – Zaguan http://zaguan.unizar.es Departamento Director/es Tesis Doctoral Autor Director/es UNIVERSIDAD DE ZARAGOZA Repositorio de la Universidad de Zaragoza – Zaguan http://zaguan.unizar.es Synthesis of Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications Synthesis of Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications Ana Arizaga Páez A Jose Luís y Ainhoa Index Preface ..................................................................................................... 1 1 Introduction and goals ........................................................................... 3 1.1 Advantages of MNPs in biomedical uses .......................................... 3 1.1.1 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ........................................ 6 1.1.2 Magnetic hyperthermia ............................................................ 7 1.1.3 Biosensors ...............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Application of Albumin-Embedded Magnetic Nanoheaters for Release
    ANTICANCER RESEARCH 38 : 2683-2690 (2018) doi:10.21873/anticanres.12510 Application of Albumin-embedded Magnetic Nanoheaters for Release of Etoposide in Integrated Chemotherapy and Hyperthermia of U87-MG Glioma Cells MELÁNIA BABINCOVÁ 1, HANA VRBOVSKÁ 1, PAUL SOURIVONG 2, PETER BABINEC 1 and ŠTEFAN DURDÍK 3 1Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia; 2Oklahoma Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, Tulsa, OK, U.S.A.; 3Department of Surgical Oncology, Saint Elisabeth Cancer Institute and Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia Abstract. Background/Aim: Malignant gliomas remain high resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy (1, 2). The refractory to several therapeutic approaches and the main reasons for the poor prognosis of GBM are diagnosis requirement for novel treatment modalities is critical to at a late stage and lack of efficient therapies. The standard combat this disease. Etoposide is a topoisomerase-II therapeutic protocols for the treatment of GBM have only inhibitor, which promotes DNA damage and apoptosis of limited benefits and provide a median survival of patients of cancer cells. In this study, we prepared albumin with no longer than 15 months (3). embedded magnetic nanoparticles and etoposide for in vitro Etoposide (VP-16) is a semi-synthetic derivative of a evaluation of combined hyperthermia and chemotherapy. naturally occurring antibiotic, podophyllotoxin (Figure 1A), Material and Methods: Magnetic nanoparticles were introduced into cancer clinical trials in 1971, and U.S. Food prepared by a modified co-precipitation method in the and Drug Administration-approved since 1983 (4-6). It presence of human serum albumin and etoposide.
    [Show full text]
  • Mesoporous Silica Nanomaterials and Magnetic Nanoparticles Based Stimuli-Responsive Controlled-Release Delivery Systems" (2008)
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2008 Mesoporous silica nanomaterials and magnetic nanoparticles based stimuli-responsive controlled- release delivery systems Supratim Giri Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Chemical and Pharmacologic Phenomena Commons, Inorganic Chemistry Commons, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Commons, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics Commons, and the Medicinal-Pharmaceutical Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Giri, Supratim, "Mesoporous silica nanomaterials and magnetic nanoparticles based stimuli-responsive controlled-release delivery systems" (2008). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 15769. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/15769 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Mesoporous silica nanomaterials and magnetic nanoparticles based stimuli-responsive controlled-release delivery systems by Supratim Giri A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Chemistry Program of Study Committee: Victor S. -Y. Lin, Major Professor Nicola L. Pohl Marek
    [Show full text]
  • Magnetic Nanoparticles: from Design and Synthesis to Real World Applications
    nanomaterials Review Magnetic Nanoparticles: From Design and Synthesis to Real World Applications Jiri Kudr 1,2, Yazan Haddad 1 ID , Lukas Richtera 1,2 ID , Zbynek Heger 1,2, Mirko Cernak 3, Vojtech Adam 1,2 and Ondrej Zitka 1,2,* 1 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, CZ-61300 Brno, Czech Republic; [email protected] (J.K.); [email protected] (Y.H.); [email protected] (L.R.); [email protected] (Z.H.); [email protected] (V.A.) 2 Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-61600 Brno, Czech Republic 3 CEPLANT R&D Centre for Low-Cost Plasma and Nanotechnology Surface Modifications, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +420-545-133-350 Received: 30 June 2017; Accepted: 22 August 2017; Published: 29 August 2017 Abstract: The increasing number of scientific publications focusing on magnetic materials indicates growing interest in the broader scientific community. Substantial progress was made in the synthesis of magnetic materials of desired size, morphology, chemical composition, and surface chemistry. Physical and chemical stability of magnetic materials is acquired by the coating. Moreover, surface layers of polymers, silica, biomolecules, etc. can be designed to obtain affinity to target molecules. The combination of the ability to respond to the external magnetic field and the rich possibilities of coatings makes magnetic materials universal tool for magnetic separations of small molecules, biomolecules and cells. In the biomedical field, magnetic particles and magnetic composites are utilized as the drug carriers, as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and in magnetic hyperthermia.
    [Show full text]