DOCSLIB.ORG

5195E05d4.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
5195E05d4.Pdf ILGA-Europe in brief ILGA-Europe is the European Region of the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans & Intersex Association. ILGA-Europe works for equality and human rights for lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans & intersex (LGBTI) people at European level. ILGA-Europe is an international non-governmental umbrella organisation bringing together 408 organisations from 45 out of 49 European countries. ILGA-Europe was established as a separate region of ILGA and an independent legal entity in 1996. ILGA was established in 1978. ILGA-Europe advocates for human rights and equality for LGBTI people at European level organisations such as the European Union (EU), the Council of Europe (CoE) and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). ILGA-Europe strengthens the European LGBTI movement by providing trainings and support to its member organisations and other LGBTI groups on advocacy, fundraising, organisational development and communications. ILGA-Europe has its office in Brussels and employs 12 people. Since 1997 ILGA-Europe enjoys participative status at the Council of Europe. Since 2001 ILGA-Europe receives its largest funding from the European Commission. Since 2006 ILGA-Europe enjoys consultative status at the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations (ECOSOC) and advocates for equality and human rights of LGBTI people also at the UN level. ILGA-Europe Annual Review of the Human Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People in Europe 2013 This Review covers the period of January to December 2012. Written by ILGA-Europe staff Coordinating and editorial team: Evelyne Paradis, Silvan Agius, Juris Lavrikovs May 2013 Table of contents Acknowledgements 7 Introduction 8 A note on data collection and presentation 9 How to use this Annual Reviews? 10 Highlight of key developments and trends 11 Abbreviations 20 Institutional reviews 22 United Nations 23 Council of Europe 27 European Union 32 Organization for Security and Cooperation and in Europe 38 Latvia 135 Liechtenstein 137 Country reviews 40 Lithuania 140 Albania 41 Luxembourg 145 Andorra 45 FYR Macedonia 147 Armenia 47 Malta 150 Austria 51 Moldova 154 Azerbaijan 54 Monaco 159 Belarus 56 Montenegro 161 Belgium 59 The Netherlands 165 Bosnia and Herzegovina 64 Norway 171 Bulgaria 67 Poland 174 Croatia 70 Portugal 178 Cyprus 74 Romania 181 Czech Republic 78 Russia 183 Denmark 81 San Marino 192 Estonia 86 Serbia 194 Finland 90 Slovakia 198 France 97 Slovenia 201 Georgia 102 Spain 204 Germany 106 Sweden 208 Greece 110 Switzerland 214 Hungary 113 Turkey 217 Iceland 117 Ukraine 223 Ireland 122 UK 227 Italy 127 Kosovo* 133 Index 235 * Included in this Review as a separate jurisdiction following UNSCR 1244/1999 Acknowledgments ILGA-Europe would like to acknowledge and extend its gratitude to the following individuals who have contributed towards the completion of this edition of the Annual Review: Iina Korkiamäki, for background country legal research and initial drafting of country chapters Staff members of ILGA-Europe Sophie Aujean, Boris Balaneţkii, Joël Le Déroff, Faika El-Nagashi, Nanna Moe, Lilit Poghosyan, Björn van Roozendaal and Nigel Warner for researching and drafting institutional and country chapters in liaison with national experts Cailin CE Mackenzie for proof reading of country chapters Member organsiations of ILGA-Europe, country experts and other contributors: Ekaterine Aghdgomelashvili, Kocho Andonovski, Elhan Bagirov, Viachaslau (Slava) Bortnik, Florin Buhuceanu, Gabi Calleja, Zdravko Cimbaljevic, Agata Chaber, Paulo Côrte-Real, Thierry Delaval, Arthur Deville, Milan Djuric, Tamás Dombos, Marna Eide, Amarildo Fecanji, Jeanette Fjeldheim, Angela Frolova, Aksinia Gencheva, Dan Ghattas, Evita Goša, Vibe Grevsen, Yuri Guaiana, Joyce Hamilton, Tim Hopkins, Mamikon Hovsepyan, Sabine Jansen, Klaus Jetz, Sanja Juras, Danijel Kalezic, Hanne Kannelmäe, Hayriye Kara, Xheni Karaj, Kseniya Kirichenko, Richard Köhler, Roman Kollárik, Konstantina Kosmidou, Andrey Kravchuk, Kurt Krickler, Søren Laursen, Katrien Van Leirberghe, Rubén López, Hilmar Magnússon, Simon Maljevac, Despina Michelide, Lucie Otahalova, Michele Pazzini, Eduardas Platovas, Alecs Recher, Sigita Rukšėnaitė, Aija Salo, Gabrielle Schneider, Brian Sheehan, Helen Talalaev, James Tay, Arn Thorben Sauer, Philip Tijsma, Jovanka Todorović Savović, Kerttu, Tarjamo, Katrien Vanleirberghe, Vladana Vasic, Ulrika Westerlund, Alix Zuinghedau and others who we may have been mistakenly omitted in spite of their contributions towards this edition of the Annual Review. ILGA-Europe Annual Review 2013 7 Introduction This 2013 edition of the Annual Review of the Human The country legal overviews that featured in the first Rights Situation of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex edition of the Annual Review were not included this year. People in Europe is ILGA-Europe’s second edition of this For a thorough review of the legal and policy situation of annual publication, covering the period of January to the different Europe, it is suggested that the reader December 2012. It provides a snapshot of what happened consults the ILGA-Europe Rainbow Map at: during the year, at both the international and national www.ilga-europe.org/rainboweurope levels, and documents progress and trends regarding the human rights situation of LGBTI people. ILGA-Europe hopes that this publication meets the readers’ expectations and needs, and welcomes any While this edition of the Annual Review once again suggestions for improvement at: covers various cases of violence, hatred and discrimination [email protected] against LGBTI people (at times perpetrated at the hands of the State), the scope of the document is not that of We hope that you will find this edition of the Annual naming and shaming, or pointing fingers at specific Review informative and useful. countries. Instead, this publication intends to serve as a tool for the exchange of best practices and policies, and ILGA-Europe’s Annual Review Team as an open invitation for enhanced cooperation between governments and LGBTI civil society. For the purpose of documentation and comparability of information, this Annual Review remains largely faithful to the format established in the first edition. However, it introduces two new elements which we believe will help the reader make better use of the document, namely: 1. Highlight of key developments and trends which serves as an editorial bringing together a thematic collection of the major developments in the European region. These developments may be positive or negative, or a mixture of the both. The summary also indicates the trends and challenges that are still faced in the development of the understanding of human rights as it relates to LGBTI people, highlighting good practices where available. 2. Chapter introductions that summarise the situation of LGBTI people at the institutional and country levels, highlighting legal and social developments as well as the issues that may be under consideration. 8 ILGA-Europe Annual Review 2013 A note on data collection and presentation The collection and presentation of data on the organisations, unless such events and work represented developments at national level in 49 countries represents an important milestone towards the acknowledgement of a significant challenge. Beyond difficulties related to the the rights of the LGBTI community in that country. Thirdly, diversity of languages in which some of the original efforts were put into the collection of information on reports were written, there are a number of conceptual intersex issues where available but unfortunately intersex differences across Europe as, for example, the use of people’s human rights remain largely unaddressed at terminology around LGBTI issues is not harmonised. national level. Nonetheless, all information within the Annual Review has been checked and verified against original sources and Finally, this is only our second Annual Review. While we the best available knowledge. Where possible, invested in further improvement of our rigorous data information was also checked against institutional and collection system, a number of limitations continued to national reports, and reliable news sources. apply. We will continue to incorporate the lessons learnt during the first two Annual Reviews with the goal of For comparative reasons, the language within the continuing the improvement of the quality of reporting Annual Review has been kept in line with ILGA-Europe’s on LGBTI issues in Europe. standards, and refers to sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression, and related terminology; while moving away from country specific legal terms that may have a different meaning elsewhere. At the same time, we respected and accommodated for the diversity of terms used by LGBTI communities to self-identify in different countries and contexts. This is why the Annual Review does not exclusively refer to LGBTI but also to ‘LGBT’, ‘LGBTQ’ and other formulations. Likewise, while trans is used as the umbrella term for all trans people, other specific terms used by trans communities such as transvestite, transgender and others were kept where appropriate. Different reasons can be attributed to missing data on some events or issues in this Annual Review. Firstly, it depends on whether the event itself was adequately reported, or whether there were confusing or contradictory reports which ILGA-Europe was unable to verify about it. Secondly, the primary goal of the Annual
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Poland (Mainly) Chooses Stability and Continuity: the October 2011 Polish Parliamentary Election
    Poland (mainly) chooses stability and continuity: The October 2011 Polish parliamentary election Aleks Szczerbiak [email protected] University of Sussex SEI Working Paper No. 129 1 The Sussex European Institute publishes Working Papers (ISSN 1350-4649) to make research results, accounts of work-in-progress and background information available to those concerned with contemporary European issues. The Institute does not express opinions of its own; the views expressed in this publication are the responsibility of the author. The Sussex European Institute, founded in Autumn 1992, is a research and graduate teaching centre of the University of Sussex, specialising in studies of contemporary Europe, particularly in the social sciences and contemporary history. The SEI has a developing research programme which defines Europe broadly and seeks to draw on the contributions of a range of disciplines to the understanding of contemporary Europe. The SEI draws on the expertise of many faculty members from the University, as well as on those of its own staff and visiting fellows. In addition, the SEI provides one-year MA courses in Contemporary European Studies and European Politics and opportunities for MPhil and DPhil research degrees. http://www.sussex.ac.uk/sei/ First published in March 2012 by the Sussex European Institute University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RG Tel: 01273 678578 Fax: 01273 678571 E-mail: [email protected] © Sussex European Institute Ordering Details The price of this Working Paper is £5.00 plus postage and packing. Orders should be sent to the Sussex European Institute, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9RG.
    [Show full text]
  • Central and Eastern Europe Development Outlook After the Coronavirus Pandemic
    CHINA-CEE INSTITUTE CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE DEVELOPMENT OUTLOOK AFTER THE CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC Editor in Chief: Dr. Chen Xin Published by: China-CEE Institute Nonprofit Ltd. Telephone: +36-1-5858-690 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.china-cee.eu Address: 1052, Budapest, Petőfi Sándor utca 11. Chief Editor: Dr. Chen Xin ISSN: 978-615-6124-29-6 Cover design: PONT co.lab Copyright: China-CEE Institute Nonprofit Ltd. The reproduction of the study or parts of the study are prohibited. The findings of the study may only be cited if the source is acknowledged. Central and Eastern Europe Development Outlook after the Coronavirus Pandemic Chief Editor: Dr. Chen Xin CHINA-CEE INSTITUTE Budapest, October 2020 Content Preface ............................................................................................................ 5 Part I POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OUTLOOK ..................................... 7 Albanian politics in post-pandemic era: reshuffling influence and preparing for the next elections .............................................................................................. 8 BiH political outlook after the COVID-19 pandemic ...................................... 13 Bulgarian Political Development Outlook in Post-Pandemic Era ..................... 18 Forecast of Croatian Political Events after the COVID-19 .............................. 25 Czech Political Outlook for the Post-Crisis Period .......................................... 30 Estonian political outlook after the pandemic: Are we there yet? ...................
    [Show full text]
  • Ireland Covering the Period of January to December 2019
    ANNUAL REVIEW OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION OF LESBIAN, GAY, BISEXUAL, TRANS, AND INTERSEX PEOPLE IN IRELAND COVERING THE PERIOD OF JANUARY TO DECEMBER 2019 IRELAND ASYLUM of this Act to be commenced. These provisions will commence In May, the Committee on Justice and Equality of the Houses of on 5 May 2020, allowing female couples who conceived their the Oireachtas (parliament) started a public consultation on the children through a registered Fertility Clinic, to both be able to asylum process and ‘Direct Provision’ accommodation system register as parents. Previously, it was only the mother giving in Ireland, highlighting the double isolation and marginalisation birth who was a legal parent. Parents will be able to register as experienced by LGBTI asylum seekers. The direct provision ‘mother’, ‘father’ or ‘parent’. system, established and described in 2000 as an interim measure, provides temporary housing for asylum seekers. LGBT Ireland and Equality for Children continue to campaign to get legislation brought forward that will regulate for surrogacy EDUCATION and other donor assisted reproduction to enable other LGBT+ families to be able legally recognised. The National School Climate survey by BeLonG To and Columbia University, found that almost three-quarters of LGBTI teenagers feel unsafe in schools. FREEDOM OF ASSEMBLY The Houses of the Oireachtas raised the rainbow flag at Leinster The National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA) House on 29 June to mark the occasion of Dublin LGBTI+ Pride conducted a review with students, educators, parents/guardians and the establishment of the LGBTI+ group (see under Equality and other stakeholders of relationship and sexuality education and non-discrimination).
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Production and the Canonisation of LGBT Histories in the Baltic States
    SQS Cultural Production and the Canonisation 1–2/2020 of LGBT Histories in the Baltic States 22 Clinton Glenn QueerScope Articles ABSTRACT Introduction This article examines three exhibitions held in the Baltic States that laid claim to being the first LGBT exhibitions that engaged with national In his 2018 article “Contemporary Art and Alternative Queer Archival history and identity in their respective contexts. These exhibitions include: From Dusk to Dawn: 20 Years of LGBT Freedom in Lithuania Strategies in Central and Eastern Europe,” Polish art historian and (Vilnius, Lithuania, 2013); Untold Stories (Tallinn, Estonia, 2011); and curator Paweł Leszkowicz describes how in the post-communist region Slash: Between the Normative and the Fantasy (Rīga, Latvia, 2015). of Europe, the state has the dominant role in “shaping and ideologically In my analysis I interrogate how these exhibitions critically engaged controlling historical commemoration,” which with the rise of conservative with transnational debates in LGBT and queer politics, while reflecting local understandings of national and sexual identity – as evidenced nationalism it has been accompanied by a “fixation on a heroic or traumatic in the exhibitions’ curatorial strategies, catalogues and curatorial national past” (2018, 74). In the three Baltic States – Estonia, Latvia, and statements, and in the artists and artworks presented. Lithuania – this can be exemplified in the promotion of national culture and language in the frame of 100 years of independence, celebrated in 2018.1 ABSTRAKTI This form of nationalist celebration leaves little room for voices silenced Artikkelissa tarkastellaan kolmea Baltian maissa järjestettyä näyttelyä, joita pidetään ensimmäisinä kansallista historiaa omissa konteks- from official rhetoric, such as local LGBT communities.
    [Show full text]
  • Cyprus News Brussels Edition
    CYPRUS NEWS BRUSSELS EDITION Monthly Bulletin April 2011 Issue No. 14 Covering the period 1-31 March Christoas tables EU leaders focus on economy and Libya new proposal in Union of the European Council Cyprus negotiations President Demetris Christoas and Turkish Cypriot leader Dervis Eroglu held further sessions of UN-sponsored negotiations on a Cyprus settlement in Nicosia on 4, 9, 18, 23 and 30 March. In a new initiative on 23 March, President Christoas proposed that a census should be held in the Government-controlled and Turkish-occupied areas of Cyprus, under the auspices of the UN. Responding to the call by UN Secretary General Ban Ki- moon for practical steps to give impetus to the negotiating process, the President Ŗ$TWUUGNUYGNEQOG2TGUKFGPV%JTKUVQſCUKUITGGVGFD[*GTOCP8CP4QORW[VJG'WTQRGCP%QWPEKN2TGUKFGPV explained that the results of an independent The adoption of a comprehensive package census would provide essential data for The European Council also adopted of measures to respond to the global the Euro Plus Pact, as agreed by the euro the resolution of the dicult issue of the nancial crisis was the central theme of the large number of settlers brought illegally area Heads of State and Government on 11 Spring European Council on 24-25 March. March. Speaking on 11 March, President into the occupied area from Turkey since Speaking after the summit, President Christoas welcomed the goals expressed the Turkish invasion in 1974. However, the Christoas said that the package of measures in the Pact, stating that it is important that proposal elicited no positive response from was the result of long consultations during member states retain the power to decide Mr Eroglu.
    [Show full text]
  • Monitoring of Armenian Media Coverage of the June 20, 2021 Snap Elections to the Ra National Assembly
    YEREVAN PRESS CLUB MONITORING OF ARMENIAN MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE JUNE 20, 2021 SNAP ELECTIONS TO THE RA NATIONAL ASSEMBLY INTERIM REPORT ON MONITORING OF ARMENIAN MEDIA IN THE PRE-ELECTION PROMOTION PERIOD (JUNE 7-12, 2021) This research was made possible through the support of IMS (International Media Support). The content of this report is the sole responsibility of Yerevan Press Club and do not necessarily reflect the views of IMS SNAP PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS 2021 INTERIM REPORT ON MONITORING OF ARMENIAN MEDIA IN THE PRE-ELECTION PROMOTION PERIOD (JUNE 7-12, 2021) MONITORING OF ARMENIAN BROADCAST MEDIA coverage of the June 20, 2021 snap elections to the RA National Assembly, carried out by Yerevan Press Club, covered all 6 Armenian national TV channels (First Channel of Public Television of Armenia, ATV, “Armenia”, “Yerkir Media”, “Kentron” and “Shant”) and the Public Radio of Armenia. The study is implemented in three stages: the period preceding the official pre-election promotion (May 31 - June 6, 2021), the official campaign (June 7-18, 2021) and the post- election period (from the closing of polling stations on June 20 to June 27, 2021). The current report presents the results of the first half of the second of the mentioned stages - from June 7 to 12, 2021 (see below the monitoring methodology). As in the first report (May 31 - June 6, 2021), the monitoring team highlights that the severity of the political struggle and the unprecedented number of political forces participating in the elections (26) resulted in active coverage of the campaign by the media.
    [Show full text]
  • May 22, 1947 Memorandum, Armenian Communist Party Central
    Digital Archive digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org International History Declassified May 22, 1947 Memorandum, Armenian Communist Party Central Committee Secretary Grigory Arutinov to Josef Stalin, 'About the Mood of a Part of the Armenians Repatriated From Foreign Countries' Citation: “Memorandum, Armenian Communist Party Central Committee Secretary Grigory Arutinov to Josef Stalin, 'About the Mood of a Part of the Armenians Repatriated From Foreign Countries',” May 22, 1947, History and Public Policy Program Digital Archive, National Armenian Archives. Translated by Svetlana Savranskaya http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/117338 Summary: Arutinov reports on the mood of the "repatriated" Armenians, members of the diaspora who were encouraged to move to Armenia by the Soviet government. The report describes assistance given to the over 50,000 repatriated Armenians and efforts to deal with dissatisfied members who were "in favor of re-emigration." Credits: This document was made possible with support from the Leon Levy Foundation. Original Language: Russian Contents: English Translation SECRETARY CC VCP/b/ Comrade STALIN I. V. ABOUT THE MOOD OF A PART OF THE ARMENIANS REPATRIATED FROM FOREIGN COUNTRIES Out of 50,945 Armenians, who arrived from foreign countries, 20,900 are able to work; they all were given employment at industrial enterprises, construction, in the teams of craft cooperation, and the peasants— in the collective and state farms. The main mass of repatriated Armenians adjusted to their jobs and takes an active part in productive activities. A significant part participates in the socialist competition—for early fulfillment of the plans, and many of those exhibit high standards in their work. There is a small part of the repatriated, who initially switched from one job to another and subsequently engaged in trade and speculation on the markets.
    [Show full text]
  • Contested Publics : Situating Civil Society in a Post-- Authoritarian Era : the Case Study of Tunisia, 2011–2013
    Fortier, Edwige Aimee (2016) Contested publics : situating civil society in a post-- authoritarian era : the case study of Tunisia, 2011–2013. PhD Thesis. SOAS, University of London http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/23642 Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non‐commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this thesis, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", name of the School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination. Contested Publics: Situating Civil Society in a Post-Authoritarian Era The Case Study of Tunisia 2011–2013 Edwige Aimee Fortier Thesis submitted for the degree of PhD in Development Studies 2016 Department of Development Studies Faculty of Law and Social Sciences School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London Page | 1 Abstract Periods of sociopolitical transition from authoritarian rule offer renewed expectations for more representative and accountable state institutions, for enhanced pluralism and public participation, and for opportunities for marginalised groups to emerge from the periphery. Several thousand new civil society organisations were legally established in Tunisia following the 2010–2011 uprising that forced a long-serving dictator from office.
    [Show full text]
  • Chief Executive's Report
    June 2020 Chief Executive’s Report Kiltipper Park About the Chief Executive’s Report Contents South Dublin County Council’s Chief Executive’s Report is presented to elected members at Council 22 every month and details important achievements across our various departments whilst highlighting key statistics and images from events that took place that month. Statistics Report The report also highlights major news pieces and puts a focus on an area of the Council that doesn’t always get the attention it deserves. 06 HOUSING SOCIAL AND 24 04 LUPT COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT Finance Report Highlights from Land Use Planning and Transportation. 25 Images of the Month ECONOMIC ENTERPRISE AND 08 TOURISM DEVELOPMENT Features 14 IRELAND’S FIRST MEDIA PARK The Council has agreed to the sale of 48 acres at Grange Castle Business Park. 16 ROAD SAFETY DURING COVID Tips for drivers during the Government’s CORPORATE PERFORMANCE AND five-step lockdown exit plan. 10 CHANGE MANAGEMENT 18 CELEBRATING PRIDE The Council flies the Pride flag at Council offices throughout June. COUNCIL FOCUS 20 A look at the Council libraries’ Creative Studio plans for North Clondalkin. ENVIRONMENT WATER AND 12 CLIMATE CHANGE 3 Eco-Cycle Counter There is one Eco-Cycle Counter in the functional area of South Dublin County Council, which is LAND USE PLANNING AND situated in Rathfarnham on the Grange Greenway. This cycle track is fully off-road and shares its TRANSPORTATION space with pedestrians. The results in use in comparison with last year are astounding as the Grange Greenway has experi- enced an increase of 65% in the number of cyclists during the COV- ID-19 lockdown period.
    [Show full text]
  • "From Ter-Petrosian to Kocharian: Leadership Change in Armenia
    UC Berkeley Recent Work Title From Ter-Petrosian to Kocharian: Leadership Change in Armenia Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0c2794v4 Author Astourian, Stephan H. Publication Date 2000 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California University of California, Berkeley FROM TER-PETROSIAN TO KOCHARIAN: LEADERSHIP CHANGE IN ARMENIA Stephan H. Astourian Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies Working Paper Series This PDF document preserves the page numbering of the printed version for accuracy of citation. When viewed with Acrobat Reader, the printed page numbers will not correspond with the electronic numbering. The Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies (BPS) is a leading center for graduate training on the Soviet Union and its successor states in the United States. Founded in 1983 as part of a nationwide effort to reinvigorate the field, BPSs mission has been to train a new cohort of scholars and professionals in both cross-disciplinary social science methodology and theory as well as the history, languages, and cultures of the former Soviet Union; to carry out an innovative program of scholarly research and publication on the Soviet Union and its successor states; and to undertake an active public outreach program for the local community, other national and international academic centers, and the U.S. and other governments. Berkeley Program in Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies University of California, Berkeley Institute of Slavic, East European, and Eurasian Studies 260 Stephens Hall #2304 Berkeley, California 94720-2304 Tel: (510) 643-6737 [email protected] http://socrates.berkeley.edu/~bsp/ FROM TER-PETROSIAN TO KOCHARIAN: LEADERSHIP CHANGE IN ARMENIA Stephan H.
    [Show full text]
  • ESS9 Appendix A3 Political Parties Ed
    APPENDIX A3 POLITICAL PARTIES, ESS9 - 2018 ed. 3.0 Austria 2 Belgium 4 Bulgaria 7 Croatia 8 Cyprus 10 Czechia 12 Denmark 14 Estonia 15 Finland 17 France 19 Germany 20 Hungary 21 Iceland 23 Ireland 25 Italy 26 Latvia 28 Lithuania 31 Montenegro 34 Netherlands 36 Norway 38 Poland 40 Portugal 44 Serbia 47 Slovakia 52 Slovenia 53 Spain 54 Sweden 57 Switzerland 58 United Kingdom 61 Version Notes, ESS9 Appendix A3 POLITICAL PARTIES ESS9 edition 3.0 (published 10.12.20): Changes from previous edition: Additional countries: Denmark, Iceland. ESS9 edition 2.0 (published 15.06.20): Changes from previous edition: Additional countries: Croatia, Latvia, Lithuania, Montenegro, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden. Austria 1. Political parties Language used in data file: German Year of last election: 2017 Official party names, English 1. Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs (SPÖ) - Social Democratic Party of Austria - 26.9 % names/translation, and size in last 2. Österreichische Volkspartei (ÖVP) - Austrian People's Party - 31.5 % election: 3. Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs (FPÖ) - Freedom Party of Austria - 26.0 % 4. Liste Peter Pilz (PILZ) - PILZ - 4.4 % 5. Die Grünen – Die Grüne Alternative (Grüne) - The Greens – The Green Alternative - 3.8 % 6. Kommunistische Partei Österreichs (KPÖ) - Communist Party of Austria - 0.8 % 7. NEOS – Das Neue Österreich und Liberales Forum (NEOS) - NEOS – The New Austria and Liberal Forum - 5.3 % 8. G!LT - Verein zur Förderung der Offenen Demokratie (GILT) - My Vote Counts! - 1.0 % Description of political parties listed 1. The Social Democratic Party (Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs, or SPÖ) is a social above democratic/center-left political party that was founded in 1888 as the Social Democratic Worker's Party (Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei, or SDAP), when Victor Adler managed to unite the various opposing factions.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliaments and Legislatures Series Samuel C. Patterson
    PARLIAMENTS AND LEGISLATURES SERIES SAMUEL C. PATTERSON GENERAL ADVISORY EDITOR Party Discipline and Parliamentary Government EDITED BY SHAUN BOWLER, DAVID M. FARRELL, AND RICHARD S. KATZ OHI O STATE UNIVERSITY PRESS COLUMBUS Copyright © 1999 by The Ohio State University. All rights reserved. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Party discipline and parliamentary government / edited by Shaun Bowler, David M. Farrell, and Richard S. Katz. p. cm. — (Parliaments and legislatures series) Based on papers presented at a workshop which was part of the European Consortium for Political Research's joint sessions in France in 1995. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8142-0796-0 (cl: alk. paper). — ISBN 0-8142-5000-9 (pa : alk. paper) 1. Party discipline—Europe, Western. 2. Political parties—Europe, Western. 3. Legislative bodies—Europe, Western. I. Bowler, Shaun, 1958- . II. Farrell, David M., 1960- . III. Katz, Richard S. IV. European Consortium for Political Research. V. Series. JN94.A979P376 1998 328.3/75/ 094—dc21 98-11722 CIP Text design by Nighthawk Design. Type set in Times New Roman by Graphic Composition, Inc. Printed by Bookcrafters, Inc.. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. ANSI Z39.48-1992. 98765432 1 Contents Foreword vii Preface ix Part I: Theories and Definitions 1 Party Cohesion, Party Discipline, and Parliaments 3 Shaun Bowler, David M. Farrell, and Richard S. Katz 2 How Political Parties Emerged from the Primeval Slime: Party Cohesion, Party Discipline, and the Formation of Governments 23 Michael Laver and Kenneth A.
    [Show full text]