NORTH-WESTERN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 7 (2): 318-321 ©NwjZ, Oradea, Romania, 2011 Article No.: 111206 www.herp-or.uv.ro/nwjz
Additions to the Turkish Aphid fauna (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea: Aphididae)
Gazi GÖRÜR*, İlker TEPECİK, Hayal AKYILDIRIM and Gülay OLCABEY
Nigde University, Department of Biology, 51100 Nigde-Turkey. *Corresponding author, G. Görür’s e-mail: [email protected]
Received: 12. July 2010 / Accepted: 10. April 2011 / Available online: 30.April 2011
Abstract. As a result of the study carried out between 2007 and 2009 in far Eastern part of the Black Sea Re- gion of Turkey to determine aphid species on herbaceous plants, 17 species were determined as new records for Turkey aphid fauna. New recorded species are Aphis acanthoidis (Börner 1940), Aphis brunellae Schouteden 1903, Aphis genistae Scopoli 1763, Aphis longituba Hille Ris Lambers 1966, Aphis molluginis (Börner 1950), Aphis pseudocomosa Stroyan 1972, Aphis thomasi (Börner 1950), Capitophorus inulae (Passerini 1860), Metopolophium tenerum Hille Ris Lambers 1947, Microlophium sibiricum (Mordvilko 1914), Sitobion miscanthi (Takahashi 1921), Uroleucon ambrosiae (Thomas 1878), Uroleucon compositae (Theobald 1915), Uroleucon kikioense (Shinji 1941), Uroleucon pulicariae (Hille Ris Lambers 1933), Uroleucon scorzonerae Danielsson 1973, Uroleucon siculum Barba- gallo & Stroyan 1980. With these new records, the number of the species increased to 472 in Turkey aphid fauna.
Key words: Aphid, Aphidoidea, herbaceous plants, Turkey.
The known world aphid fauna consists of about (2008), Eser et al. (2009), Görür et al. (2009), 4500 species and 250 of those species are thought Akyürek et al. (2010) and Barjadze et al. (2011) to be serious pests around the world, and also in added 36 new records and the total number of the Turkey, where they cause economically important aphid species increased to 455. crop damage (Remaudière & Remaudière 1997, Main materials of the study were aphid sam- Blackman & Eastop 2006, Holman 2009). For ex- ples collected on herbaceous plants from the Far ample, pest-caused losses of yield are estimated to East part of the Black Sea Region of Turkey. The average about 30% annually, despite using the study area was the wettest part of the Turkey and best pest control technology available in USA. richest area of the country in terms of herbaceous However, in the developing countries to which plants diversity. Both apterous and alate vivipa- Turkey belongs, pest-caused crops losses are even rous females were sampled and about 30-40 indi- higher, about 50% or more (Ruberson 1999). viduals were taken on each herbaceous host plant Turkey, one of the largest countries in Europe, (for each sampling) as much as possible. A per- is a bridge between old world and new world con- manent slide of each sample was done according tinents. It has the richest flora in Europe, particu- to the principles of Martin (1983). lar geographical features and also has a various All samples were identified according to types of climates. Turkey as a homeland to a lot of Blackman & Eastop (2006). Taxonomic status, crops has a very large agricultural landscape and a world distribution and host plants of identified tremendous amount of the crop production. In species were confirmed by checking through contrast to various conditions available for aphid Blackman & Eastop (2006), Remaudière & Re- infestation and diversity, research of the Turkey maudière (1997), Holman (2009) and Fauna Eu- aphid fauna was limited up to last decade. Pre- ropaea (2011), Aphid Species File (2011), Aphids liminary studies performed at the beginning of the on the World’s Plants (2011). Sampled specimens 1900’s and only focused on very small parts of the are kept at the Biology Department of Nigde Uni- Turkey. Çanakcıoğlu (1975) reviewed the previous versity. studies and listed 258 species. In addition, Toros et As a result of the identification of about 1500 al. (2003), Görür (2002, 2004a, b), Özdemir et al. samples on herbaceous plants from the study area, (2005) have added more than 40 new aphid spe- 70 aphid species were determined. Of these spe- cies to Turkey aphid fauna. Remaudière et al. cies, 17 of them are new records for Turkey aphid (2006) revised studies carried out on Turkey aphid fauna. Taxonomic status, host plants, collection fauna and listed about 417 species despite some sites, collection date and distribution were given controversies. More recently Toper Kaygin et al. in alphabetical order for each new record. Turkish Aphid fauna 319
Aphididae, Aphidinae A. thomasi (Börner, 1950) Material examined: One sample was collected I. Aphidini on stem of Knautia integrifolia from Artvin-Hopa I.1. Aphis Linnaeus, 1758 on 01.V.2008, four apterous viviparous individuals A. acanthoidis (Börner, 1940) were examined. Material examined: Two samples of A. acan- Distribution: Germany, Bulgaria, Czech Re- thoidis were collected on stem of two different Cir- public, England, Spain, Switzerland, Italy, Russia, sium arvense from Trabzon–Long Lake on Slovakia and Ukraine (Blackman & Eastop 2006, 26.VII.2008, five apterous viviparous and two alate Holman 2009). viviparous individuals were examined. Distribution: Germany, Austria, Czech Repub- II. Macrosiphini lic, The Netherlands, Slovakia, Poland, Romania , II.1. Capitophorus van der Goot, 1913 Russia and Ukraine (Holman 2009). C. inulae (Passerini, 1860) A. brunellae Schouteden, 1903 Material examined: One sample of Capitopho- Material examined: Only one sample of A. rus inulae was collected from under the receptacle brunellae was collected on flowers of Prunella orien- of Inula sp. from Trabzon-Sumela on 02.V.2008, talis from Rize-Ayder Kavrun plato on seven apterous viviparous and only one alate vi- 15.VIII.2009, three apterous viviparous individuals viparous individuals were examined. were examined. Distribution: The Mediterranean Sea, East Distribution: Europe (Blackman & Eastop Asia, Europe, Australia, Azerbaijan, South Eng- 2006, Holman 2009). land, Uzbekistan and Jordan (Blackman & Eastop A. genistae Scopoli, 1763 2006, Holman 2009).
Material examined: Three samples of A. gen- II.2. Metopolophium Mordvilko, 1911 istae were collected on both stem and flower parts M. tenerum Hille Ris Lambers, 1947 of Spartium junceum from Trabzon-Carsıbası on Material examined: Two samples of Metopolo- 21.VI.2009, eight apterous viviparous and only one phium tenerum were collected on Poaceae from alate viviparous individuals were examined. Rize-Anzer plato on 16.VIII.2009, four apterous Distribution: Europe and Ukraine (Blackman viviparous individuals were examined. & Eastop 2006). Distribution: North-West and North Europe A. longituba Hille Ris Lambers, 1966 (Blackman & Eastop 2006). Material examined: Two samples of A. longi- II.3. Microlophium Mordvilko, 1914 tuba were collected on both under leaves and M. sibiricum (Mordvilko, 1914) flowers of Clematis vitalba from Trabzon-Carsıbası Material examined: Three samples were col- on 21.VI.2009, 20 apterous viviparous and four lected on stem of Urtica sp. from Trabzon-Sumela alate viviparous individuals were examined. Monastery and Trabzon-Sümela on 29.IV.2008, 11 Distribution: India and Pakistan (Blackman & apterous viviparous and three alate viviparous in- Eastop 2006). dividuals were examined. A. molluginis (Börner, 1950) Distribution: In all Europe except United Material examined: Three samples of A. mol- Kingdom, Asia, USA and probably Japan (Black- luginis samples were collected on the upper stem man & Eastop 2006). of Galium aparine from Trabzon- Yomra on 23.VI.2009, 12 apterous viviparous individuals II.4. Sitobion Mordvilko, 1914 were examined. S. miscanthi (Takahashi, 1921) Material examined: Six Sitobion miscanthi sam- Distribution: North and North-West Europe (Blackman & Eastop 2006). ples were collected on ear and stem of Poaceae on A. pseudocomosa Stroyan, 1972 14.VIII.2009 from Artvin-Kafkasor, Ranunculus sp. from Trabzon-Surmene on 23.VI.2008, Triticum aes- Material examined: Two samples were col- tivum from Trabzon-Salpazarı on 05.V.2009, Triti- lected on flowers of Lathyrus vernus and Lathyrus pratensis Trabzon-Duzkoy- Cal cave on 21.VI.2009, cum sp. from Trabzon-Yomra on 07.V.2009, Avena 15 apterous viviparous and two alate viviparous sativa from Trabzon-Of on 09.V.2009, Bromus sp. from Trabzon-Tonya on 20.VI.2009, 20 apterous individuals were examined. viviparous and five alate viviparous individuals Distribution: Widely distributed in Europe (Blackman & Eastop 2006). were examined. 320 Görür, G. et al.
Distribution: Australia, East and Southeast Distribution: Italy-Sicily (Barbagallo & Patti Asia, India, New Zealand and Pacific islands 1998). (Blackman & Eastop 2006). Findings of the presented study added 17 spe- II.5. Uroleucon Mordvilko, 1914 cies to the Turkish aphid fauna and with these U. ambrosiae (Thomas, 1878) new records number of the aphid species occur- Material examined: Two U. ambrosiae samples ring in Turkey rose to 472. Considering the par- were collected on the stem and receptacle of Se- ticular ecological, geographical, climatic, floristic, necio sp. from Trabzon-Caykara on 08.V.2009, agricultural and continental position of Turkey, eight apterous viviparous and three alate vivipa- current aphid species do not sufficiently reflect a rous individuals were examined. real number of the Turkish aphid fauna compared Distribution: America (Blackman & Eastop with some neighboring countries. For example, It- 2006). aly has 6000 plant species but Italian aphid fauna U. compositae (Theobald, 1915) are composed of 860 aphid species. Romania even Material examined: Three U. compositae sam- has less plant species but 490 aphid species were ples were collected on upper stem of Centaurea recorded for Romanian aphid fauna. Turkey’s hypoleuca from Artvin-Savsat-Black Lake on close neighbor Greece aphid fauna consist of 364 12.VIII.2009, Inula sp. from Trabzon-Dernekpazari aphid species even it has less plant species than on 08.V.2009, Centaurea sp. from Trabzon-Surmene Turkey (Tsitsipis et al. 1998, Barbagallo et al. 2009). on 09.V.2009, sixteen apterous viviparous and five Turkey is a geographically large country, 31% of alate viviparous individuals were examined. the Turkish flora is endemic (Davis 2008) and Distribution: Africa (Malawi, Tanzania, Zim- aphid fauna in some regions has not been studied babwe), South America (Brazil, Surinam), India, yet adequately. Therefore, it is expected that fur- Mauritius Island, Sicily and Taiwan (Blackman & ther research might add more new records for Eastop 2006). Turkish aphid fauna. U. kikioense (Shinji, 1942) Material examined: Only one U. kikioense sam- ple was collected on receptacle and flowers of Campanula sp. from Artvin-Camili on 11.VIII.2009, Acknowledgements. Authors thank to the Turkish Scien- three apterous viviparous individuals were exam- tific Council (TUBİTAK-107T450) for funding this project ined and number of aphid specialists for discussing the find- ings of the study during 8th Aphid Special Interest Group Distribution: East Siberia, Japan and Korea Meeting. (Blackman & Eastop 2006). U. pulicariae (Hille Ris Lambers, 1939) Material examined: Two U. pulicariae samples were collected on shoots of Inula viscosa from Art- References vin-Hopa on 10.VIII.2009, six apterous viviparous Akyürek, B., Zeybekoğlu, Ü., Görür, G. (2010): The determination individuals were examined of Aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) fauna in Kurupelit campus in Distribution: Central Asia, Europe and North Ondokuz Mayıs university. Turkish Journal of Zoology 34(2): 421-424. Korea (Blackman & Eastop 2006). Barbagallo, S., Patti, I. (1998): Acquisizioni bio-ecologiche sugli U. scorzonerae Danielsson, 1973 Afidi del territorio centro-orientale italiano. Bollettino di Material examined: Three Uroleucon scorzon- Zoologia Agraria e di Bachicoltura 30: 223-310. Barbagallo, S., Binazzi, A., Cavalieri, V., La Pergola, A., Limonta, L. erae samples were collected on shoots of Scorzonera (2009): Biodiversity and chrological outlines for Italian Aphid sp. from Rize-Cayeli on 09.VIII.2009, four apterous fauna. Redia 92: 129-133. viviparous and only one alate viviparous indi- Barjadze, S., Karaca, İ., Yaşar, B., Japoshvili, G. (2011): The yellow rose aphid Rhodobium porosum: a new pest of Damask rose in viduals were examined Turkey. Phytoparasitica 39(1): 59-62. Distribution: Sweden (Blackman & Eastop Blackman, R., Eastop, V. (2006): Aphids on the World’s Herbaceous 2006). Plants and Shrubs. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester. Çanakçıoğlu, H. (1975): The Aphidoidea of Turkey. İstanbul U. siculum Barbagallo & Stroyan, 1982 Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, Yayın No: 1751, Orman Material examined: Four Uroleucon siculum Fakültesi Yayın No: 189, İstanbul. samples were collected on shoots and receptacle of Davis, H. (2008): Flora of Turkey: 11 Volumes, Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh. Anthemis sp. from Artvin-Camili on 24.VII.2008 Eser, S., Görür, G., Tepecik, İ., Akyıldırım, H. (2009): Aphid and from Trabzon-Salpazari on 20.VI.2009, 12 ap- (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) species of the Urla district of İzmir terous viviparous individuals were examined. region. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 3(1): 89-92.
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