Transnational Learning

Transnational Learning creates powerful educational digtal resources and experiences for its global partners. Transnational Learning College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Cornell University 443 Warren Hall Ithaca, New York 14853

Stefan Einarson Program Director 607.255.6115 [email protected] http://transnationallearning.cornell.edu

© 2008

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 1 Transnational Learning

Connecting Classrooms Around the Globe

Started in 2003 and supported by International Pro- HUMAN RESOURCES grams of CALS, the Department of Plant Breeding and In addition to offering classroom content and follow- Genetics, and grants from the Rockefeller Foundation, up discussions, Transnational Learning allows Cor- and the Bill and Melina Gates Foundation, Cornell staff nell faculty members to offer professional expertise has videotaped nearly 1,000 hours of lectures and semi- and consultations to the faculty and students in its nars enhanced with synchronized PowerPoint presen- partner programs. Students in Africa may choose to tations. Graduate-level students and faculty members discuss their thesis research with a faculty member in less-developed nations access the lectures and later at Cornell—perhaps an instructor of one of the digi- participate in real-time videoconference discussions tal lectures. In consultation with the African student’s with Cornell faculty for face-to-face interactions. This local advisors, the Cornell professor might call on a opportunity creates an engaging, powerful educational panel of informal advisors from Cornell and elsewhere resource and experience for students in the partner in- in the U.S. and international community who can help stitutions as well as contributing to the internationaliza- guide the African student on the direction of his or her tion of Cornell students and faculty. research. This guidance can be critically important in LECTURE RESOURCES keeping the research on par with international standards Using digital Internet technology, Cornell’s Transna- as well as providing a global context to the work. And tional Learning initiative videotapes class lectures and students may develop increased confi dence through combines the video with slides and supplemental ma- this consultation and continue with their fi eldwork with terials to create unique learning presentations. Partner more determination and focus. institutions in South Africa, Ghana, Thailand, India, the Philippines, and elsewhere have these digital lecture modules available to them. The fi les are distributed using technology appropriate to the infrastructure of the institution: CDs or DVDs, FTP downloads, Web-streams. Currently, Cornell fac- ulty and distinguished visiting scientists have provided over 1000 hours of lectures on topics ranging from ad- vanced plant genetics to applied economics.

2 connecting classrooms around the globe LIBRARY RESOURCES Cornell University’s Mann Library has one of the world’s largest holdings of literature in the agricultural sciences. Partners of Transnational Learning may have access to the library’s reference assistance and docu- ment delivery, TEEAL, and its dissertation library and gray literature repository. Mann Library’s reference service can provide answers to factual inquiries as well as assists users with in- depth research investigations and literature reviews. It provides updates on the latest research via regularly dents and faculty members of partner institutions to e-mailed database search results. The library also may visit Cornell. U.S. students who visit partner programs provide copies of journal articles to students in partner in Africa and Asia gain fi rst-hand knowledge about ag- institutions by e-mail, or by postal airmail, whichever ricultural systems in those regions. They begin to build is more reliable. an international network of peers working in their fi eld TEEAL (pronounced teal), or The Essential Electronic as well as learn about the constraints and opportunities Agricultural Library, contains the full text to more than facing researchers there. Students coming to Cornell 140 international scientifi c journals and is available from African and Asian partner institutions will simi- eligible developing countries—currently more than 100 larly learn about American agricultural systems and countries qualify. The digitized volumes, which are have the opportunity to meet the broad range of inter- updated annually, indexed, and searchable, are a power- national students and scientists studying at Cornell. In ful tool for building capacity in agriculture by helping addition visiting students are able to observe advanced researchers, faculty, students, and extension workers tools and techniques used in biological science research quickly retrieve relevant and current scientifi c informa- at Cornell. tion. A project of Mann Library and the U.N.’s Food and Agriculture Organization, TEEAL can be made available, where appropriate, to researchers at partner institutions of Transnational Learning. FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT TRANSNATIONAL LEARINING AT CORNELL VISIT EXCHANGE VISITS Transnational Learning and the College of Agri- HTTP://TRANSNATIONALLEARNING.CORNELL.EDU culture and Life Sciences encourages and supports Cornell PhD students to travel and visit partner in- OR CALL 607.255.6115 stitutions. Likewise, it encourages and supports stu-

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 3 Transnational Learning Index of lecture modules

Animal Science Ruminant Nutrition: Microbial Ecology and Forage Chemistry (ANSC 606) ...... 7

Applied Economics and Management Contemporary Controversies in the Global Economy (AEM 200) ...... 8 System Dynamics Modeling (AEM 494) ...... 9 Dynamic Optimization (AEM 713) ...... 10 Resource Economics (AEM 750) ...... 11 Microeconomics of Economic Development (AEM 762) ...... 12

Biological Statistics and Computational Biology Statistical Methods I (BTRY 601) ...... 13 Statistical Methods II (BTRY 602) ...... 14

Crop and Soil Sciences Nutrient Management and Research in Agro-Ecosystems (CSS 472) ...... 15 Physiology of Environmental Stresses (CSS 610) ...... 16 Physiology and Ecology of Yield (CSS 613) ...... 17

Horticulture Mineral Nutrition of Crops and Landscape Plants (HORT 455) ...... 18 Physiology of Vegetables and Flowers (HORT 462) ...... 19

4 connecting classrooms around the globe International Agriculture and Rural Development Perspectives in International Agriculture and Rural Development (IARD 300) ...... 20 Agriculture in Developing Nations I & II: India (IARD 402 & 602 India section) ...... 21 Agriculture in Developing Nations I & II: Mexico (IARD 402 & 602 Mexico section) ..... 22

Plant Breeding and Genetics Plants, Genes and Global Food Production (PLBR 201) ...... 23 Plant Cell and Tissue Culture (PLBR 401) ...... 24 Genetic Improvement of Crop Plants (PLBR 403) ...... 25 Concepts and Techniques in Plant Molecular Biology (PLBR 483.1) ...... 26

Plant Genome Organization and Function (PLBR 483.3) Molecular Breeding (PLBR 483.5) ...... 27 Advanced Plant Genetics (PLBR 606) ...... 28 Quantitative Genetics in Plant Breeding (PLBR 717) ...... 29

Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Concepts of Plant Pathology (PLPA 601) ...... 30 Biology of Plant Pathogens (PLPA 602) ...... 31

Seminar Series Applied Economics and Management ...... 32 Agriculture and Life Sciences ...... 32 Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture, and Development ...... 32 Crop and Soil Sciences ...... 32 IRRI MAS Conference (2005) ...... 32 Plant Breedng and Genetics ...... 33

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 5 Cornell University The strategic plan for research at Cor- nell can be summed up simply: Be the best at what we undertake to do. We build on our strengths when creating programs, recruiting faculty, purchas- ing equipment, and supporting interdis- ciplinary programs. Cornell research is committed to knowledge transfer and engages in technology transfer and economic development activities that benefi t local, regional, national, and in- ternational constituents.

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Cornell University’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences (CALS) has a long tradition of discovery and scholarship from the social sciences to the environmental sciences to life sciences. Its researchers are among the best in the world, with world-class facilities at their disposal. The College engages in cutting-edge research and technology transfer with the goal of improving the lives of people in the state, nation, and throughout the world. Cornell stands as one of the great universities in American and world history, and the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences has been a major contributor to that reputation. One of its strengths has been its ability to evolve to satisfy the changing needs of the industries and societies that it serves.

International Programs CALS was a pioneer in international agricultural development beginning with activities in China in the early part of the 1900s. Today, International Programs of CALS contributes to maintaining Cornell’s prominence among U.S. universities for international work by strengthening support for CALS faculty, students, and staff engaged in international initiatives. IP/CALS initiatives cover a wide range of efforts including scientifi c ex- changes, overseas research, undergraduate and graduate education, professional development, technical assis- tance, advising, publications and other outreach. Strategic thrusts are linked to university and college priorities, including: biotechnology and genomics; environment and natural resources; globalization initiatives; watershed management, and internationalizing undergraduate curriculum.

For more information about Cornell University, its professors or academic and research programs, visit http://cornell.edu

6 connecting classrooms around the globe Animal Science

Ruminant Nutrition: Microbial Ecology and Forage Chemistry

Professor Alice Pell INSTRUCTOR

ALICE PELL is vice provost for international relations for Cornell University. She is a professor in the Department RUMINANT NUTRITION: MICROBIAL ECOLOGY AND FORAGE of Animal Science and the director of the Cornell Inter- CHEMISTRY provides an overview of ruminant nutrition with an emphasis on microbial ecology, forage chem- national Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. istry, and rumen function. The fi rst section focuses on Most of Dr. Pell’s research focuses on tropical farming evolution, feeding strategies and plant-animal interac- systems, with an emphasis on Africa. She also is involved tions. The second section concentrates on forage in the West Africa Water Initiative (Mali, Niger and chemistry, and the third section focuses on rumen Ghana) that includes an interdisciplinary approach to im- function and microbiology. proving water quality and the effi ciency with which water is used. Dr. Pell’s recent work is in Afghanistan involving applied research development, education capacity build- ing, and agroforestry initiatives.

Lecture Titles

• Introduction • Sequential Analysis and NIRS • Amino Acid Profi le and Bacteria • Comparative Nutrition • Carbohydrates and Fungi • Classifi cation of Herbivores • Animal Degradation • Retention and Doubling Time • Diversity of Ruminants • Starch Treatment • Mathematical Modeling - Development of Agricultural • Opisthocomus Hoazin • Starch Digestion Models • Unselective Feeding of Animals • Cellulosomes • Objectives in Modeling Less Than 40 kg • Mallard (Browning) Reaction • Mathematical Modeling - • Plant, Animal and Environment • Types of Lignin Evaluation of Agricultural Models Van Soest • Tannins and Other Secondary • Anaerobic Fermentation • Three Phases of Summer Compounds • CH4 Production • Mesophyll and Warburg Effect • Ruminal Detoxifi cation • Protein Metabolism • Forage Evaluation Plants and • Alkaiods Animals • Petide Metabolism • Rumen Conditions and • N and CHO Metabolism • Markers Anaerobicity • Ideal Rumen Fermentation, • Digestibility Calculations and Fiber • Saliva Composition Chemistry Monensin, and Protien • Other Cellulolytics • Acid Detergent Fiber System • Lactate Production and Utilization

Course No. ANSC 606 40 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 7 Applied Economics and Management

Contemporary Controversies in the Global Economy

Professor Christopher Barrett

INSTRUCTOR

Lecture Topics CONTEMPORARY CONTROVERSIES IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY aims to stimulate critical thinking and cogent writing • Basic Concepts and speaking about contemporary controversies that attract regular attention in the international press • Communication and among key private and public sector decision- • Obnoxious Markets makers. Discussions focus on competing arguments • Slavery, A Global Investigation about current issues such as patenting and pricing of • IPN pharmaceuticals worldwide, controls on commercial • Immigration Policy and humanitarian distribution of genetically modifi ed • Soverign Debt foods, and immigration restrictions. • Film: Debt of Dictators • Debt Forgiveness in Africa

CHRIS BARRETT is an international • International Money Laundering professor in Cornell’s Department of Applied Economics and Management. There are three basic, interrelated thrusts to Professor Barrett’s research program. The fi rst concerns pov- erty, hunger, food security, economic policy, and the structural transforma- tion of low-income societies. The second considers issues of individual and market behavior under risk and uncer- tainty. The third revolves around the interrelationship between poverty, food security, and environmental stress in developing areas. Professor Barrett’s teaching experi- ence includes graduate and undergraduate courses on the microeconomics of international development, rural liveli- hoods and biological resources, econometrics and contem- porary controversies in the global economy.

GUEST LECTURERS are George Hay, Thomas Maloney, Ver- non Briggs, Steven Kyle, Richard Prybyl, Veronique de Ruggy

Course No. AEM 200 23 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

8 connecting classrooms around the globe Applied Economics and Management

System Dynamics Modeling

Professor Charles Nicholson

INSTRUCTOR

Lecture Topics This course introduces the basic concepts important • Introduction in SYSTEM DYNAMICS MODELING, using Vensim® dy- namic simulation software, and basic evaluation of • Learning in Dynamic Systems dynamic simulation models. “Systems thinking” is a • System Dynamics Defi ned more appropriate way to address social, economic • The System Dynamics Modeling Process and environmental problems as a real-life problem • Fundamental Modes of Dynamic Behavior can be expressed as a feedback model that can • Causal Loop Diagrams help to facilitate understanding of how a problem • Stocks and Flows developed over time, and to suggest lasting solutions to the problem. • Dynamics of Stocks and Flows • Delays • Exploring Climate Policy Options with Behavorial CHARLES NICHOLSON conducts ap- Dynamic Models plied research related to U.S. and • Aging Chains and Cofl ows international dairy production, • Modeling (Human) Decision Making markets, and policy. His current • Nonlinear Relationships areas of research include model- • Supply Chains and Oscillations ing the impacts of domestic U.S. • Expectations Formation dairy policy alternatives, dairy • Numerical Integration trade policy and international • Model Evaluation trade patterns, applications of system dynamics in agricultural economics research, and the econom- ics of dairy production and marketing systems in developing countries. Dr Nicholson is an associ- ate professor in Cornell’s Department of Applied Economics and Management.

Course No. AEM 494 25 lectures• aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 9 Applied Economics and Management

Dynamic Optimization

Professor Jon M. Conrad INSTRUCTOR

JON M. CONRAD is a professor of DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION is concerned with the solution resource economics. His research of dynamic allocation problems. Objectives are to focuses on the application of dynamic pose prototype optimization problems in discrete optimization to resource manage- and continuous time, introduce the common meth- ods for solving prototype problems, present a set of ment. Recent work has focused on numerical problems, and equip students with basic water and marine resources and en- theory and methods to perform applied research on ergy resources. dynamic allocation problems.

Lecture Topics

• The Value Function • Applied Computational Economics and Finance • Solving the Widget Problem by Calculus of Variations • Economic Growth and Water Management Questions from Problem Set • The Maximum Principle • Optimal Stopping Models • The Phase Plane • Discrete Time and Stochastic Optimization • Calculus of Variations and The Maximum Principle and Problem • Continuous Time Stochastic Optimization • Neoclassical Optimal Growth • "Entry and Exit Decisions Under Uncertainty"

Course No. AEM 713 23 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

10 connecting classrooms around the globe Applied Economics and Management

Resource Economics

Professor Jon M. Conrad INSTRUCTOR

RESOURCE ECONOMICS uses optimal control and other methods of dynamic optimization to study the allocation and management of natural resources.

Lecture Topics

• Review of Concepts • Optimal Harvest Policy • Discrete-Time Stochastic Models • Stochastic Growth and Measurement Error • Social Welfare and The Hotelling Rule • Fishery Management/Forestry • Variations on the Hotelling Rule • The Faustmann Model • Stochastic Reserves and Exploration • Stochastic Forests as a Real Option • Entry and Exit • A Real Options Approach to the Valuation of • Start of Bioeconomic Models of Fishing: Models of a Forestry Investment by Margaret Insley Growth • Optimal Management of Groundwater The • Pure and Regulated Open Access Alberta Dilemma: Optimal Sharing of a Water Resource by an Agriculture and an Oil • Regulated Open Access Sector - Gaudet, Moreaux, and Withagen • Linear Fishery Model with Stock-Dependent Net • Diversity Model Benefi ts • Diversity Theory and Crane Conservation • Optimal Harvest

Course No. AEM 750 23 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 11 Applied Economics and Management

Microeconomics of International Development

Professor Christopher Barrett

INSTRUCTOR

Lecture Topics MICROECONOMICS OF INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT focuses on the specifi cation and estimation of models • Key Background Ideas and Methods of individual, household, fi rm/farm, and market be- • Household Models havior. It provides an indepth survey of the research • Non-Separable Models frontiers in various key areas of the microeconomics • Jacobyʼs Method of international development. • Household Labor Supply Without Wage Guest lecturers are Subal C. Kumbhakar and Marcel Faf- • First Order Conditions Yield champs. • Non-Cooperative Bargaining Games • Poverty, Nutrition, Risk, Poverty Traps • Econometric Issues • Risk Management, Consumption Smoothing & Poverty Dynamics • Anticipatory Savings • Rationing of Credit • Poverty Traps • Risk Management • Markets • Multiple Market Failures, Risk and Omitted Relevant Variable Bias • Effi ciency Frontier Estimation • Technology Adoption • Sharecropping • Markets and Contracting Problems • Understanding Markets S. DeGloria

Course No. AEM 762 25 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

12 connecting classrooms around the globe Biological Statistics and Computational Biology

Statistical Methods I

Professor Marty Wells

INSTRUCTOR

Lecture Titles

• Descriptive Statistics • Inference About One Population • Correlation and Regression Basics Mean: Hypothesis Testing • Escaping Flatland: Investigating • Regression Basics Relationships Between Two or • Two-Sample Inference for • Multiple Linear Regression More Variables Location Parameters • Regression Examples • Probability • Inference abour Populations • Sampling Distributions and the Variances • Categorical Data Analysis Central Limit Theorem • Inference about More Than Two • Logistic Regression • Sampling Distributions and One- Location Parameters • Generalized Linear Models Sample Inference • Linear Contrasts and Multiple • Inference About One Population Comparisons of Means Mean

MARTIN WELLS is the Charles A. Alexander Professor of STATISTICAL METHODS I develops and uses statistical Statistical Sciences at Cornell University. His research methods to analyze data arising from a wide variety centers on applied and theoretical statistics and sometimes of applications. Topics include descriptive statistics, point and interval estimation, hypothesis testing, crosses the boundary into applied probability. He has inference for a single population, comparisons worked on inference questions in credit risk, economic between two populations, one- and two-way analysis damages, epidemiology, fi nance (physical and risk neutral of variance, comparisons among population means, worlds), graphical models, legal studies, microarrays, pro- analysis of categorical data, and correlation and teomics, quantitative trait loci, extremes, data networks regression analysis. It introduces interactive com- and has considered estimation problems for heavy-tailed puting through statistical software and emphasizes phenomena. Dr Wells is a professor in the Department basic principles and criteria for selection of statistical of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, the techniques. Department of Social Statistics and he is a professor in the Cornell Weill Medical School and the Cornell Law School.

Course No. BTRY 601 37 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 13 Biological Statistics and Computational Biology

Statistical Methods II

Professor James Booth

INSTRUCTOR

JAMES BOOTH is Professor and Chair in STATISTICAL METHODS II emphasizes the use of multiple the Department of Biological Statistics regression analysis, analysis of variance, and related and Computational Biology at Cornell techniques to analyze data in a variety of situations. Topics include an introduction to data collection tech- University. His research interests involve niques; least squares estimation; multiple regression; basic statistical methodology including: model selection techniques; detection of infl uential the bootstrap and Monte Carlo meth- points, goodness-of-fi t criteria; principles of experi- ods, clustering, exact inference, mixed mental design; analysis of variance for a number of models, generalized linear models, and designs, including multi-way factorial, nested, and applications of the saddlepoint approxi- split plot designs; comparing two or more regression mation. Sr. Booth also is actively involved in the Cornell lines; and analysis of covariance. Emphasizes ap- Statistical Consulting Unit which provides free advice on propriate design of studies before data collection, statistical issues to faculty and students at Cornell. and the appropriate application and interpretation of statistical techniques. Practical applications are imple- mented using a modern, widely available statistical package.

Lecture Titles

• Introduction • Randomized Complete Blocks Design • Split-Plot Designs • Simple Linear Regression • Latin Square Designs • Repeated Measures Designs • ANOVA and Multiple Linear • Factorial Experiments • Repeated Measures Designs Regression • Factorial Experiments (continued) (continued) • Inference from MLR • Factorial Experiments with More • Cross-over Trials • Inference from MLR (continued) than Two Factors • Hotellingʼs One-Sample T2 Test • Comparison of Nested Models, • Factorial Designs with Blocking • Hotellingʼs Two-Sample T2 Test Generalized Linear Models • Unbalanced Data (continued) • Logistic Regression • Analysis of Covariance • Multivariate ANOVA • Poisson Counts • Linear Models with Random Factors • Principal Components Analysis • Poisson and Binomial Regression • Balanced Single Factor Experiment • Cluster Analysis • Variable Selection • Factorial Designs with Random • Linear Mixed Effects Modeling in R • Design Concepts Factors • The General Linear Mixed • Standard Designs • Factorial Designs with Random Factors (continued) Model Implementation using the • Review, Solutions to Sample MIXED Procedure Problems • Nested Sampling Designs

Course No. BTRY 602 37 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

14 connecting classrooms around the globe Crop and Soil Sciences

Nutrient Management and Research in Agro-Ecosystems

Professor Johannes Lehmann

INSTRUCTOR

JOHANNES LEHMANN is an associate professor of soil fertil- Lecture Titles ity management and soil biogeochemistry a Cornell. His work includes applied and basic research in Sudan, Togo, • Introduction: Why We Should Know About Soil Tanzania, Kenya, Malawi, Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador. Fertility Dr. Lehmann's publications range from dryland research • Nutrient Cycles and nutrient cycling in irrigation systems to the rehabilita- • Nutrient Transport to Plant tion of highly weathered soils in the humid tropics, from • Processes Controlling Nutrient Availability in Soil research on phosphorus dynamics • Mineralization in heavily manured soils to basic • Gaseous Losses principles of carbon cycling in soils. • Environmental Factora Affecting Soil Fertility His research program spans from • Environmental Factors Affecting Soil Fertility nutrient and organic matter dynam- (continued) ics in different inorganic and organic • Bioassey pools of soil to nutrient pathways in • Soil Fertility Management agroecosystems. • Fertilization: Inorganic • Fertilization: Organic • Fertilization: Losses and Environmental Hazards NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH IN AGRO-ECO- • Water Effects on Nutrient Availability SYSTEMS provides the basic concepts of soil fertility and biogeochemistry and how soil and environmen- • Mini-Symposium on Laboratory Results A tal properties affect nutrient availability and cycling. • Mini-Symposium on Laboratory Results B Discussions focus on the way organic farming and • Mini-Symposium on Laboratory Results C soil conservation affect the fate of nutrients in agro- ecosystems. Emphasis is placed on the way nutrient management can be improved without creating environmental hazards.

Course No. CSS 472 26 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 15 Crop and Soil Sciences

Physiology of Environmental Stresses

Professor Tim Setter

INSTRUCTOR

TIM SETTER is a professor of fi eld crop science in the Department of Crop PHYSIOLOGY OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSES examines the and Soil Science, with a joint ap- responses of plants to environmental stresses, includ- pointment in the Department of Plant ing chilling, drought, freezing, high temperature, salinity, hypoxia, and toxic elements. Emphasizes the Breeding and Genetics. He currently physiological and biochemical basis of injury and collaborates with researchers at inter- plant resistance mechanisms at the whole-plant, cel- national research centers on studies lular, and molecular levels. of drought tolerance of cassava. Dr. Setter’s research goals are to further our understanding of plant response to abiotic environ- mental stresses, to identify potential targets for future crop improvement, and to identify genes responsible for desir- able stress tolerance traits.

Lecture Titles

• Introduction • Salt Stress 2 • Drought 1 • Salt Stress 3 • Drought 2 • Cellular Mechanisms of Aluminum Toxicity • Leaf Growth in Response to Short-term Water Defi cit • Cellular Mechanisms and Genetics of Al Tolerance • Drought: Stomata and Cuticle • Heavy Metals, Their Toxicity and Uptake • Drought: ABA Synthesis and Stomata Response • Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Tolerance • Drought: Injury at Low Water Potentials and its • Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Tolerance (PCs,His, NA) Mitigation • Flooding Stress 1 • Tests of the Involvement of LEA Proteins and Other Osmolytes in Drought Tolerance • Flooding Stress 2 • Signal Transduction Pathway(s) of Drought Stress • Chilling Stress 1 • Regulation of Gene Expression Under Drought Stress • Chilling Stress 2 • Roles of LEA Proteins and Compatible Solutes • Freezing Stress • Re-fi lling Embolized Vessels • CBF Cold-Response Pathway 1 • Hydraulic Conductance & Stomatal Response • CBF Cold-Response Pathway 2 • Heat Stress 1 • Atmospheric Gaseous Stresses • Heat Stress 2 • Ultraviolet-B Stress • Salt Stress 1 • Multiple Stresses

Course No. CSS 610 33 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

16 connecting classrooms around the globe Crop and Soil Sciences

Physiology and Ecology of Yield

Professor Tim Setter

INSTRUCTOR

PHYSIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY OF YIELD is a study of environmental constraints on crop-plant productivity from the per- spective of key biological processes. Acclimation responses and genetic adaptation are examined for tempera- ture, light, water, compacted soil, and mineral nutrient environments. Topics include photosynthesis and nitrogen assimilation, translocation, and partitioning; canopy-scale infl uences on solar radiation use effi ciency; regulation of growth processes in leaf, root, and fl oral sinks in response to environment; seed set; water transport and stomatal regulation; root growth in fl ooded and compacted soils; and drought responses. Emphasis is on growth processes of vegetative plant organs.

Lecture Titles

• Introduction • Photosynthetic Carbon Oxidation Photorespiration • Why focus on yield? • Temperature, C • Crop Canopy Environment • Regulation of Carbon Partitioning in a Leaf Cell • Canopy Leaf Display and Architecture • Feedback Inhibition of Photosynthesis • Canopy Leaf Display and Architecture (continued) • Phloem Partitioning • Heliotropic Leaf Movements • Phloem Transport • Advantages of Vertically Oriented Leaves • Maize Grain • Shade Avoidance Responses • Hypothesis of Serial Adjustment of Maternal Investment • Shade Avoidance Responses (continued) • Sugar Sensing • Importance of Leaf Area Growth • Partitioning • Rate of Individual Leaf Elongation • Stomatal Responses to Environment • Cell Division and Control of Leaf Growth • Stomatal Humidity Response • Cell Expansion • Transpiration Flux: From Soil to Leaf via Xylem • Photosynthesis and Photoinhibition • Cavitation and Embolism

• C4 Photosynthesis • Root Penetration Through Soil • Photoinhibition • Root Growth and Nutrient Acquisition • Photosynthetic Carbon Metabolism • Roots: Nitrogen

• Rubisco as a Potential Rate Limitation • N2 Fixation in Rhizobium-legume Symbioses

Course No. CSS 613 36 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 17 Horticulture

Mineral Nutrition of Crops and Landscape Plants

Professor H. Christian Wien

INSTRUCTOR

CHRISTIAN WIENʼS research is in the area of vegetable crop physiology MINERAL NUTRITION OF CROPS AND LANDSCAPE PLANTS is and the study of physiological dis- a modular course on principles of plant mineral nutri- tion and nutrient management for agronomic crops, orders of vegetable crops. He also vegetables, fl oriculture, and fruit crops. studies the interaction of crops with associated crops and with weeds. Dr. Wien is a professor in the Depart- ment of Horticulture at Cornell.

Lecture Titles

• Educational Objectives and History of Mineral • Nutrient Management Issues Associated with the Nutrition of Plants Nursery and Landscape Industries • Mineral Nutrient Uptake and Distribution • Nutrient Management Issues Associated with the • Nitrogen Nursery and Landscape Industries (continued) • Phosphorus • Nitrogen Fertilization in Turfgrass Management • Potassium • Disadvantage of Natural Organic Fertilizers • Calcium • Potential Environmental Risks in Managed Landscapes • Magnesium and Sulfur • Vegetable Module: Vegtable Crop Issues • Iron, Maganese and Baron • Fertility Basics for Vegetables • Nutrient Defi ciency Lab • Options for Feeding Vegetable Crops • Zinc, Molybdenum and Copper • Options for Feeding Vegetable Crops (continued) • Plant Mineral Nutrition Agronomy Module • Importance of Early Phosphorus • Interactions Between Nutrients • Soil Fertility Impacts on Nutritional Quality of Vegetables • Quality of Forage Crops • Organic Soil Fertility • Nutrient Acquisition and Grain Nutrient Content • Looking at the Whole System on Vegetable Farms • Nutrient Defi ciencies, Management and Decision Support Systems • Diagnosing Vegetable Problems: Micronutrients • Plant Nutrition in Resistance to Diseases and Pests • Fruit Crop Module • Case Studies with Food Quality • Interpreting Soil and Leaf Analyses • Food-Systems Based Approaches to Malnutrition • Nitrogen Fertilization of Apple Trees • Mineral Nutrition of Woody Plants in the Urban • Fertigation of Fruit Crops Landscape • Calcium Nutrition and Storage Disorders of the Apple • Nutrient Management in Berry Crops

Course No. HORT 455 39 lectures/labs • aprox. 50 minutes

18 connecting classrooms around the globe Horticulture

Physiology of Vegetables and Flowers

Professor H. Christian Wien

INSTRUCTOR

Lecture Titles

• Introduction • Flowering and Fruitset • Transplanting • Fruitset, Part ll • Controlling Stem Growth in Flowers and Vegetables • Fruit Growth l: Tomato • Development Toward Flowering • Fruit Growth ll • Flower Induction Principles • Sex Expression in Herbaceous Horticultural Plants • Flower Induction in Annuals 1 • Growth Correlations l • Flower Induction: Annuals and Biennials • Growth Correlations ll • Juvenility and Flower Induction in Biennials • Flower Senescence • Flower Induction in Broccoli and Caulifl ower • Chilling and Freezing Stress in Horticultural Crops • Flower Bulb Physiology 1 • Freezing Stress of Horticultural Plants

• Flower Bulb Physiology 2 • Light, Temperature and Light, Temperature and CO2 • Onion Flowering and Bulbing Effects on Growth • Bulbing of Edible Alliums • Head Formation in Lettuce and Cabbage • Manipulation of Flowering in Greenhouse Floral Crops • Physiology of Perennial Vegetables • Life Cycles of Herbaceous Flowering Perennials • Growth and Development of Perennial Flowers • Flower Development to Anthesis • Photoperiod control of Flowering • Physiology of Potatoes 1 • Effect of Temperature on Flowering in Herbaceous Plants • Physiology of Potatoes 2

PHYSIOLOGY OF VEGETABLES AND FLOWERS studies the physiological principles that govern growth, develop- ment, and production of reproductive structures of vegetable crops and herbaceous ornamental plants. The course emphasizes processes of fl ower induc- tion, fruit and seed set, and the balance of vegetative and reproductive growth, especially in perennials. Practical hands-on greenhouse experiments and small group discussions illustrate the lecture material. courtesy H.C. Wien

Course No. HORT 462 34 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes each

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 19 International Agriculture and Rural Development

Perspectives in International Agriculture and Rural Development

Professor Rebecca Nelson and Professor Robert Herdt

INSTRUCTORS

REBECCA NELSON is the scientifi c director for The McK- night Foundation`s Collaborative Crop Research Program PERSPECTIVES IN INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURE AND RURAL (CCRP), a competitive grants program that funds agricul- DEVELOPMENT provides a forum to discuss both contemporary and future world food issues and tural research in developing countries. At Cornell, her af- the need for an integrated, multidisciplinary team fi liations are with the departments of Plant Pathology and approach in helping farmers and rural development Plant-Microbe Biology and Plant Breeding and Genetics, planners adjust to the ever-changing food needs of as well as with the Institute for Genomic Diversity. Dr. the world. Nelson’s primary research is focused on understanding the ways in which plants defend themselves against pathogen attack. Lecture Titles

ROBERT HERDT is an adjunct international professor in the • Poverty Department of Applied Economics and Management at • World Hunger and Malnutrition Cornell. He is an advisor to the management team of the • The Wealth and Poverty of Nations Agricultural Biotechnology Support Project II, which sup- • Population and Development ports scientists, regulators, extension workers, and farm- • Foreign Aid ers in developing countries to make informed decisions • Globalization about agricultural biotechnology. For 17 years Dr. Herdt • The Green Revolution was on the staff of the Rockefeller Foundation as program • Energy and Agriculture director in charge of the Foundation’s work on agriculture • On “Sustainability” and most recently as Vice President responsible for the Foundation’s budget and for oversight of its agricultural, • Sustainability Series: Pests and Pollution health and overseas programs. • Millennium Development Goals T. Tucker Course No. IARD 300 14 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

20 connecting classrooms around the globe International Agriculture and Rural Development

Agriculture in Developing Nations I & II: India

Professor Ronnie Coffman, Professor Peter Hobbs, and Professor K. V. Raman

INSTRUCTORS

This section of AGRICULTURE IN DEVELOPING NATIONS I & II acquaints students with the major issues and problems in international agriculture and rural development and to demonstrate how problems in development are being addressed in India. The lectures/discussions establish the global and regional contexts for sustainable agricul- tural development and focus on development challenges in India. A two-week fi eld-study trip in January in India is followed by discussions, written projects and oral presentations dealing with problems in food, agriculture and livestock production in the context of social and economic conditions of the country.

RONNIE COFFMAN is director of International Programs at Lecture Titles the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at Cornell as well a professor in the Department of Plant Breeding and • Global Food Trends and the Green Revolution Genetics. He also is director of Durable Rust Resistance • Nutritional Issues in Wheat, a program with seventeen research institutions • Cropping Systems/ Environmental and Water Issues around the world to aggressively mitigate the threat of • Biotechnology wheat rust. I addition Dr. Coffman's work has been impor- • Animal Health Issues tant to the development of improved rice varieties grown • Agricultural Finance on several million hectares throughout the world. He has • Food Processing - Value Addition collaborated extensively with institutions in the develop- • India Prastha Ice and Cold Storage Ltd. ing world and has served as a board member for several • Livestock In Development international institutes. • Mobilizing Digital Resources for Social Change and PETER HOBBS is an adjunct international professor in the Development Department of Crops and Soil Sciences at Cornell. He • Agricultural Extensionʼs Effi cacy in Advancing Rural also is a consultant with FAO in Tibet looking at the feasi- Development bility of double cropping cereals (winter barley and winter • Population and Inequalities wheat) as a way to provide quality fodder for animals • Understanding Agricultural Development in the 21st during the harsh winter season. As an agronomist with Century specialty in cropping systems and conservation agricul- • Veterinary Public Health in India / Animal Health ture, Dr. Hobbs’ research in South Asia focused on new Group 1 and innovative tillage and crop establishment options for • Veterinary Public Health in India: Milk Safety / Animal Health Group 2 wheat and rice. • Value Addition & Global Marketing Themes / Value K. V. RAMAN is associate director of Agricultural Biotech- Addition & Global Marketing Group nology Support Project II located at Cornell University. He is an adjunct international professor in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics. Dr. Raman also devel- oped and implemented many projects related to potato improvement in developing countries as the program leader of the Integrated Pest Management Program at the International Potato Center in Lima-Peru. Course No. IARD 402 & 602 (India section) 16 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 21 International Agriculture and Rural Development

Agriculture in Developing Nations I & II: Mexico

Professor Robert Blake and Professor Terry Tucker

The Mexico section of AGRICULTURE IN DEVELOPING NATIONS I & II acquaints students with the major issues and problems in international agriculture and rural development and to demonstrate how problems in development are being addressed in the Gulf region of Mexico. The lectures and discussions establish the global and regional contexts for sustainable agricultural development and focus on development challenges in the Gulf region. A two-week fi eld-study trip in January to Mexico is followed by discussions, written projects and oral presentations dealing with problems in food, agriculture and livestock production in the context of social and economic condi- tions of the Gulf region.

ROBERT BLAKE is an international pro- fessor in the Department of Animal Lecture Titles Sciences. His research is aimed at • Mexican Ejido System and Rural Issues of economic, nutritional and genetic Smallholder Farmers in the Gulf Region management of livestock and mixed • “Yucatan” Bienestar del hombre en del farming systems in Latin America campo and Africa. Dr. Blake also is the di- • Enlaces rector of the Latin American Studies • Ties Photo Exhibit Program at Cornell. • Mayan Civilization and Household Organization TERRY TUCKER is director of • Agriculture and Development in the Mexican academic and professional Tropics with Emphasis on the Yucatan development programs for Peninsula International Programs in • Extension Reforms for Mexican Agriculture the College of Agriculture • Fundamental Globalization and Trade Issues and Life Sciences. He also and Their Impacts on Latin Americaʼs Rural is associate director of the Sector. Cornell International Insti- • Agricultural Extensionʼs Effi cacy in Advancing Rural Development: A perennial tute for Food, Agriculture search for “the approach” and Development where • Livestock in Development he provides leadership • Maize in Mexico for collaborative research and outreach programs in • Centro Investigagiones Tropicales Southeast Asia and Central • Mexicoʼs Rural Investment Challenges America. • Agriculture as a Complex Dynamic System: Mexicoʼs Sheep Production Systems • Of Maize and Manure Leonardo Cocom • NAFTA • Biocomplexity: Economic and Environmental Sustainability Course No. IARD 402 & 602 (Mexico section) 17 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

22 connecting classrooms around the globe Plant Breeding and Genetics

Plants, Genes and Global Food Production

Professor Susan McCouch

Lecture Titles PLANTS, GENES AND GLOBAL FOOD PRODUCTION pro- vides an introduction to plant breeding. It offers a • Introduction sense of the historical and social importance of the • Domestication fi eld, tracing its evolution from the pre-scientifi c days • Reproduction in Crop Plants of crop domestication to modern applications of • Pollination Presentations biotechnology. The course offers specifi c examples • Cross Pollination and Self Fertilization of how breeding objectives are realized and raises • Video on Germ Plasma Collections questions about the environmental, social and economic consequences of intensive food production • Lecture on Germ Plasma Collection systems. • Inbred Variety Development • Breeding Hybrids SUSAN MCCOUCH is an internation- • Segregation Analysis al professor of plant breeding and • Lecture on Clonal Propagation genetics and of plant biology at • Plant Breeding Revolutions Cornell. Her research focuses on • Starting of Biotechnology the identifi cation and characteriza- • Social, environmental, and economic consequences tion of genes and quantitative trait of Biotechnology loci from low-yielding wild and • Identifying disease resistance genes exotic Oryza species that enhance • Golden rice, a case history the performance of modern rice • Golden Rice (continued) cultivars. She was recently elected a fellow of the Ameri- • Golden Rice continued) can Association for the Advancement of Science and has • Discussion on the links between poverty and received numerous teaching and faculty awards. malnutrition • Review of Exam and Discussion on Poverty

Course No. PLBR 201 23 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 23 Plant Breeding and Genetics

Plant Cell and Tissue Culture

Professor Elizabeth Earle

INSTRUCTOR

Lecture Titles PLANT CELL AND TISSUE CULTURE provides broad cover- age of techniques of plant tissue, cell, protoplast, • Introduction and Plant Tissue Culture Pathways embryo, and another culture and the applications of those techniques to biological and agricultural stud- • Suitable Culture Media and Aseptic Culture Systems ies. Examples used include horticultural, agronomic and endangered species. Genetic modifi cation of • More on Nutrient Media plants via gene transfer and other manipulations of • Uses of Haploid Material and Start Embryo cultured cells is a major topic. Cultures • Morphogenesis Plant Regeneration in Vitro

ELIZABETH EARLEʼS research has pro- • Shoot Tip Cultures duced many types of crucifers re- • One Small Shoot Tip to One Virtus-Free Plantlet sistant to lepidopteran pests through • Stages of In Vitro Propogation introduction of endotoxin genes • Germplasm Storage in vitro from Bacillus thuringiensis. Another • Floral and Reproductive Tissues research area is the production of • Formation of Embryoids in Cultures haploid and doubled haploid plants • Zygotic Embryos from several horticultural crops. Dr. • Resuscitating Rice Earle is a professor in the Depart- • Root Cultures ment of Plant Breeding and Genetics • Secondary Metabolites at Cornell. • Secondary Metabilites (continued) • Primary Metabolism in vitro • Protoplast Isolation • Applications of Plant Tissue Culture to Crop Improvement • Somaclonal Variation and in vitro Selection • In vitro Selection • Protoplast Fusion • Protoplast Fusion (continued) • Gene Transfer • Obtain Suitable DNA Constructs • Gene Transfer (continued) • Finish Gene Transfer

Course No. PLBR 401 27 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

24 connecting classrooms around the globe Plant Breeding and Genetics

Genetic Improvement of Crop Plants

Professor Vernon Gracen

INSTRUCTOR

VERNON GRACEN is a professor in GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF CROP PLANTS describes the Cornell’s Department of Plant Breed- genetic enhancement of crop value to humans that ing and Genetics and is the associate began with domestication and continues with farm- director of the West African Center for ersʼ variety development and scientifi cally trained Crop Improvement based at the Uni- plant breedersʼ applications of Mendelian, quantita- versity of Ghana, Legon. Dr. Gracen tive, and molecular genetics. The course examines also is involved with distance learn- crop genetic improvement methods by discussing the ing curriculums in southern Africa and history and current practice of plant breeding, tools Thailand. His past research has fo- available to breeders, choices and modifi cations cused on maize breeding for disease and insect resistance of those tools to meet specifi c objectives, and chal- as well as on cassava, beans, and other international crops. lenges plant breeders face in developing varieties for the future.

Lecture Titles

• Genetic Improvement of Crop Plants • Breeding Fruit Crops • Review of Genetics • Genetic Resources • Mutations and Complex Patterns of Inheritance • Development of Hybrids • Polyploids • Interspecifi c Hybridization • Reproduction in Crop Plants • Breeding Polyploid Crops • Fertility Regulating Mechanisms • Cornell Marker Assisted Selection Breeding Program • Breeding Self Pollinated Crops I • Breeding for Abiotic Stress Tolerance • Breeding Self Pollinated Crops II • Breeding for Micronutrient Enhancement • Breeding Cross Pollinated Crops • Breeding for end user traits • Inbreeding Depression and Heterosis • Tissue Culture and Plant Transformation • Breeding Hybrids • Benefi ts and Risks of GMO Crops in Developing • Sorghum breeding: producing hybrids with a self- Countries pollinating crop • Intellectual Property Protection and Plant Breeding • Breeding Maize • Population Improvement. Lecture 1 • Rice Breeding • Population Improvement. Lecture 2 • Public vs. Private Plant Breeding Programs • Population Improvement. Lecture 3 • Breeding for Resistance to Biotic Stresses • Population Improvement. Lecture 4 • Breeding Vegetable Crops • Population Improvement. Lecture 5

GUEST LECTURERS include Maria Salas, Margaret Smith, Luis Maas, Phillip Griffi ths, and Mark Sorrells.

Course No. PLBR 403 34 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 25 Plant Breeding and Genetics

Concepts and Techniques in Plant Molecular Biology

Professor Susan McCouch, Professor Jim Giovannoni, and Professor Joss Rose

INSTRUCTORS

Lecture Titles CONCEPTS AND TECHNIQUES IN PLANT MOLECULAR BIOL- OGY provides a broad overview of molecular biology • Introduction to Plant Molecular Biology concepts relevant to the plant sciences. The course • Cytological, Genetic, Physical & Sequence maps covers genetic, molecular, and genomics approaches • Genetic Mapping: Types of Markers and Populations to the isolation of plant genes, DNA sequence analy- • QTL analysis, fi ne mapping, NIL development, gene sis, assessment of gene expression, functional genom- identifi cation ics approaches, production of transgenic plants, pro- • cNDA libraries, ESTs, and EST projects teomics approaches to the analysis of plant proteins, • cNDA libraries, ESTs, and EST projects (continued) protein-protein interactions, and metabolic profi ling through emerging metabolomic techniques. Three • Positional cloning: down to the functional nucleotide polymorphism (FNP) instructors emphasize techniques and approaches ap- propriate for different experiments and objectives. • Mutagenesis: Constraction of functional genomics populations using radiation and transposable elements SUSAN MCCOUCH is a professor of plant breeding and • Mutagenesis: construction on functional genomics genetics and of plant biology at Cornell. Her current work populations using T-DNA focuses on both forward and reverse genetics approaches • Open vs. closed architecture systems for gene to the identifi cation, functional characterization and evo- expression profi ling lutionary history of genes and quantitative trait loci of • cNDA libraries, ESTs, and EST projects (continued) interest for plant improvement. • cNDA libraries, ESTs, and EST projects (continued) • cNDA libraries, ESTs, and EST projects (continued) JIM GIOVANNONI is a plant molecular biologist at the USDA-ARS Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory. He is • Protein Extraction electrophoresis and immunological analysis an adjunct professor in Cornell’s Department of Horticul- ture and its Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics. • Proteomics I: Strategies for global protein expression profi ling and quantitative analysis Dr. Giovannoni’s laboratory is focused on molecular and • Protein sequencing and structural analysis genetic analysis of fruit ripening and related signal trans- • Plant Transformation Proteomics (continued); duction systems with emphasis on the relationship of fruit Recombinant proteins and protein interactions ripening to nutritional quality. • Recombinant proteins and protein interactions JOSS ROSE is an associate profes- (continued) sor in Cornell’s Department of Plant • Recombinant proteins and protein interactions Biology. His research centers on the (continued) structure, function and metabolism of • Metabolite Profi ling plant cell walls and their pivotal role in growth, development and interac- tions with pathogens.

Course No. PLBR 483.1 22 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

26 connecting classrooms around the globe Plant Breeding and Genetics

Plant Genome Organization and Function

Professor Steven Tanksley

INSTRUCTOR

STEVEN TANKSLEYʼS laboratory PLANT GENOME ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTION covers is involved in unraveling the the structure and variation of plant nuclear genomes, molecular and developmental including changes in genome size, centromere/ processes underlying tomato telomere structure, DNA packaging, transposable fruit development in order to elements, genetic and physical mapping, positional understand the molecular ba- gene cloning, genomic sequencing and comparative genomics. sis of quantitative trait varia- tion and to determine whether these same genes control fruit Lecture Titles development/evolution in other • Characteristics of Plant Nuclear Genomes domesticated plants. He also • Transposable Elements is engaged in identifying and sequencing the majority of the • Methylation, Heterochromatin & Gene Silencing genes in tomato and other nightshade crops and to use that • Polyploidy information to understand how the gene content and gene • Genome Mapping order is evolving in plants over long periods of time. And • Genetic Recombination in a Genomic Context he is developing and testing new breeding methodologies • Comparative Genomics based on molecular marker technology. Dr. Tanksley is a • Comparative Genomics professor in the Department of Plant Breeding and Genet- • Genome Sequencing and Analysis ics • Functional Genomics: Attaching Function to Sequence • Functional Genomics: Attaching Function to Sequence • Plant Genome Databases

Course No. PLBR 483.3 12 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 27 Plant Breeding and Genetics

Molecular Breeding

Professor Steven Tanksley

INSTRUCTOR

Lecture Titles MOLECULAR BREEDING discusses the application of DNA markers to the identifi cation, manipulation, and isola- • DNA Variation and Marker Technology I tion of genes important to plant and animal productiv- • DNA Variation and Marker Technology II ity using molecular genetic techniques. Students learn how to design and execute experiments to identify • Quantitative Trait Analysis: controlled crosses I quantitative trait loci, as well as how to apply molecu- • Quantitative Trait Analysis: controlled crosses II lar markers to plant and animal breeding programs. • Quantitative Trait Analysis: controlled crosses III • Quantitative Trait Analysis: controlled crosses IV Cornell plant breeder Steven Tanksley receives • Quantitative Trait Analysis: association mapping international Wolf Prize in Agriculture • Molecular Basis of Quantitative Traits • Examining Genetic and Molecular Bases of Heterosis STEVEN D. TANKSLEY, the Liberty Hyde Bailey Professor of Plant Breeding and chair of the Genomics Initiative • Marker Assisted Breeding I Task Force at Cornell University, is one of two scientists • Marker Assisted Breeding II to share the prestigious 2004 Wolf Foundation Prize in • Introgression: selective enrichment of gene pools Agriculture for “innovative development of hybrid rice and discovery of the genetic basis of heterosis in this important food staple.” sected into their corresponding Mendelian factors, called quantitative trait loci (QTL). This enables iden- Tanksley was cited by the Wolf Prize Committee as “one tifi cation of rate-limiting genes associated with crop of the world leaders in plant genomic research. He has performance. His demonstration has led to a cascade contributed to the understanding of heterosis in rice by of experiments by other researchers, who detected identifying genes in a wild ancestor that signifi cantly and mapped QTLs in a wide array of other organisms. increased yields... Tanksleyʼs research has led to the Within Tanksleyʼs own group, QTL analysis in rice led to discovery of the genetic basis of hybrid vigor in this im- the discovery of the genetic basis of hybrid vigor in this portant food staple - a discovery with profound impli- important food staple, allowing further developments to cations for promoting the science of plant breeding for increase rice yields.” the benefi t of humankind.” In addition to developing the fi rst molecular map of “The Wolf Prize is one of the most important medals a rice, Tanksley also developed the fi rst molecular map of scientist can receive. The recognition of Steve for the tomatoes. He was the fi rst plant geneticist to use map- work he has done at Cornell brings great credit to us based cloning of a pest-resistance gene in a crop plant. and enhances our reputation in plant genetics as one He also developed computer programs and databases of the great research centers of the world,” said Robert for the management and analysis of molecular genetic Richardson, vice provost for research at Cornell and a data. As the chair of the Genomics Initiative Task Force winner of the 1996 Nobel Prize in physics. at Cornell, Tanksley leads 75 faculty members from 25 “Tanksley has demonstrated that quantitatively inher- departments and six colleges in a coordinated web of ited traits spanning an entire genome can be dis- research and learning focused on genomics. by Susan S. Lang, excerpted from the Cornell News, Course No. PLBR 483.5 © January 19, 2004 12 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

28 connecting classrooms around the globe Plant Breeding and Genetics

Advanced Plant Genetics

Professor Molly Jahn

INSTRUCTOR

MOLLY JAHN is an expert in plant Lecture Titles breeding, gene discovery and genetic mapping of agricultural • Mendelʼs Story plants. She was professor of plant • Extensions of Mendelism: Inheritance and Linkage breeding at Cornell until 2006 • Genetic Linkage and Mapping where her lab focused on on gene • Genetic Mapping Mutants and Mutagenesis discovery, the analysis of genome • References, Genetic and Genomic Tools for structure and function and the Arabidopsis relevance of this information for • Searching for Amino Acid Biosynthesis Mutants in the improvement of useful plants. Arabidopsis Professor Jahn now is the dean of • Developmental Genetics in Plants I: Mutant Scheme the University of Wisconsin-Madison, College of Agricul- • General Mutant Scheme 1 tural and Life Sciences. • Systematic Principles and Plant Diversity Guest lecturers are Georg Jander, Jerrold Davis, and Ed- • Floral Development and Sexual Reproduction in ward Buckler. Angiosperms I • Floral Development and Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms II

ADVANCED PLANT GENETICS provides an advanced • Nuclear Constituents and Nuclear Architecture survey of Mendelian analysis, developmental genet- • Cytogenetics: Cromosomes in the Nucleus ics, cytogenetics, and genetic topics unique to plants. • Cytogenetics: Cromosomal Features Emphasis is on subjects and experimental approach- • Cytogenetics: Nuclear Organizing Region and es of particular signifi cance to plant, but examples Meiosis are drawn from a diversity of systems as appropri- • Meiosis in Plants ate. The development of critical analytical skills • Changes in Chromosome Structure, Aneuploidy applied to scientifi c reading and writing is stressed • Developing a Platform to Dissect Complex Traits in through class participation, in-class exercises, and Maize the course project. • Aneuploidy and Polyploidy • Transposable Elements at Work and at Play • Aneuploidy and Polyploidy

Course No. PLBR 606 22 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 29 Plant Breeding and Genetics

Quantitative Genetics in Plant Breeding

Professor Donald R. Viands

INSTRUCTOR

Lecture Titles QUANTITATIVE GENETICS IN PLANT BREEDING begins with discussion about quantitative genetics and quantitative trait loci for more effi cient plant breed- • Introduction ing. Specifi c topics include components of variance • Population Genetics (estimated from various mating designs), theory and • How does the Gene Frequency Change with computer analysis for QTL, population structure, mul- Selection in a Population? tiple locus regressions, and interval analysis; herita- • If a Different Number of Males and Females bility; theoretical gain from selection; and genotypic Contribute to the Development of a Population and phenotypic correlation coeffi cients. Plants in the • Population Mean greenhouse are evaluated for computing quantitative • Linkage genetic parameters. • Linkage (continued) • Expectation of Mean Square DONALD R. VIANDS is a profes- • Finish Statistical Procedures and New Problem Set sor in Cornell’s Department • Covariance of Relatives of Plant Breeding and Genet- • Mating Designs and Complete Diallel ics and is associate dean and • Complete Diallel (continued) director of academic programs • Mating Designs Design II: Cross Classifi ed for the College of Agriculture • Mating Designs Design I: Nested and Life Sciences. Dr Viands’ research focuses primarily on • Computer Analyses of Mating Designs breeding and genetic research • Design II of alfalfa and on evaluating • Replicated Clonal Evaluation and Heritability legume and grass cultivars for • Heritability (continued) forage yield and quality. Breed- • Narrow Sense Heritability ing objectives on alfalfa are to improve yield, quality, and • Theoretical Gain persistence. Forage yield is being improved by develop- • Genetic Correlation Coeffi cients ing plant populations from both adapted and unadapted • Final Class sources, followed by selecting vigorous plants with good agronomic characteristics.

Course No. PBLR 717 22 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

30 connecting classrooms around the globe Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology

Concepts of Plant Pathology

Professor Alan Collmer

INSTRUCTOR

Lecture Titles CONCEPTS OF PLANT PATHOLOGY concerns concepts in host-pathogen relationships with an emphasis on the • Introduction: Key concepts and terms roles of molecules and cell structures in determin- • Key molecular biological manipulations of pathogens ing the outcome of an interaction. Evidence for the and plants: Prokaryotes role of putative disease determinants is explored in • Eukaryotes the context of universal stages of pathogenesis and • Discussion: Practice in decoding molecular plant- representative pathosystems. Discussion sessions microbe abstracts are used to examine current research literature and • Genomics conduct exercises complementary to lecture topics; • Model pathosystems emphasis is on critical thinking in science. • Pathogen attack: Attachment and penetration of the host I • Penetration of the host II ALAN COLLMER is a professor in • Destroying cell wall and tissue structure I the Department of Plant Pathol- • Discussion: Evaluating primary literature ogy and Plant-Microbe Biol- • Activities of fungi and oomycetes in the rhizosphere ogy. His research focus is on the • Destroying cell wall and tissue structure II functional genomics of virulence in the plant pathogenic bacte- • Disrupting host metabolism and membrane integrity with small molecules I rium Pseudomonas syringae. • Discussion: Evaluating primary literature His goal is to understand the • Disrupting host metabolism and membrane integrity molecular mechanisms that en- with small molecules II able bacteria to attack plants. Dr. • Altering growth and morphology of the host by Collmer’s collaborative worked has been to characterize injecting T-DNA the genome sequence of DC3000 and developing a variety • Injecting virulence effector proteins into host cells of bioinformatic, biochemical, genetic, and cell biological • Molecular basis of nematode-plant interactions tools to support a genome-wide study of virulence mecha- • Gene-for-gene interactions: the genetic basis nisms and to foster functional genomic investigations by • Discussion: Integrating R-gene defense concepts the worldwide research community. • Gene-for-gene interactions: the molecular basis GUEST LECTURERS are Eric Nelson, Xiaohong Wang, • Basal resistance Rebecca Nelson. • Layered defenses and their suppression • Systemic acquired resistance • Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species • Defense proteins and phytoanticipins • Resistance to plant disease in an agricultural context • Phytoalexins and their detoxifi cation • Conclusions and future prospects for disease control • Discussion: Big picture game Course No. PLPA 601 30 lectures • aprox. 50 minutes/lecture

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 31 Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology

Biology of Plant Pathogens Professor Michael Milgroom and Professor Keith Perry

INSTRUCTORS

MICHAEL MILGROOM, a professor in the Department of BIOLOGY OF PLANT PATHOGENS describes the biology and ecology of four major groups of plant pathogens: Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology, is interested fungi, bacteria, viruses, and oomycetes. Model plant in population biology, genetics and evolution of plant pathogens are used to illustrate concepts of pathogen pathogens, with applications to plant disease epidemiol- diversity, evolution, reproduction, life cycles, move- ogy and management. These interests integrate disci- ment, diagnosis, and control. Lectures are coordinat- plines that are traditionally considered separately in the ed with PL PA 601 to provide students with a com- context of either biology or agriculture. Dr. Milgroom’s prehensive treatment of pathogen–host interactions current research focuses on the genetics and evolution of at all levels from molecular to ecological. Discussion vegetative incompatibility in the chestnut blight fungus, sessions discuss current literature relevant to lecture Cryphonectria parasitica, and genetic variation within the topics. grapevine powdery mildew fungus, Erysiphe necator. His goals are to develop genetic tools for studying E. neca- Lecture Titles tor and to determine whether genetically distinct lineages are reproductively isolated in the process of forming new • Introduction species. • Prokaryotic Plant - Associated Microbes KEITH PERRY has worked for the • Discussion Session past 18 years on plant viruses: • Quorum-sensing regulation in Pantoea stewarti the diagnosis of plant diseases subspecies stewartii and the detection of plant patho- • Biology of Plant Pathogens gens. His primary research focus • Discussion Session is on Cucumber mosaic virus • Establishing Disease Etiology and the insect vector transmis- • Spiroplasmas sion of plant viruses. His goal is • Population Biology to understand molecular mecha- • Spermosphere Ecology nisms underlying vector trans- • Epidemiology and Evolution of Plant Pathogens mission. The other main area of research is the develop- ment of diagnostic technologies for plant pathogens, with on emphasis on array-based approaches and integrating multipathogen detection methods. Dr. Perry, a professor in the Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Bi- ology at Cornell, also works with potato growers in New York State to make available disease-tested germplasm and potato varieties.

GUEST LECTURERS include Eric Nelson.

Course No. PLPA 602 11 lectures • aprox. 75 minutes/lecture

32 connecting classrooms around the globe Miscellaneous Departments

Seminar Series

Lecture Titles

APPLIED ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT • China Strategic Power Sector Model Background & Scenarios • VLS Generation 2: For Insights on Poverty Dynamics and Development Pathways

AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES • CALS Centennial Symposium: Maxine Singer • CALS Centennial Symposium: Norman Borlaug • CALS Centennial Symposium: Per Pinstrup-Andersen • CALS Centennial Symposium: Susan Henry and Jeffrey Lehman

CORNELL INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR FOOD, AGRICULTURE, AND DEVELOPMENT • New Directions for CIIFAD • CIIFAD's First 15 Years • Agricultural Technology, Productivity, and Poverty in Madagascar • Refl ections on Innovation Systems for Conservation Agriculture • Overcoming Poverty Through Improved Agricultural Technology • Sustainable Rice Production Strategies • African Perspectives on Food Security in Africa • Soil Nutrient Depletion and Repletion in the Tropical Highland Agroecosystems of Kenya

CROP AND SOIL SCIENCES • Progress in Breeding for Drought Tolerance in Rice • Changing Soil Water and Oxia Regimes and their Implications for Nutrition of Rise

IRRI MAS CONFERENCE (2005) • Finding Useful Alleles from an Array of Genetic Resources

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 33 Plant Breeding and Genetics

Plant Breeding and Genetics Seminar Series

This seminar series presents new research involving the development of improved gene mapping methods, func- tional genomics, bioinformatics, quantitative genetics applications, utilization of wild germplasm, gene cloning strategies, genetics of crop quality, disease and insect resistance, and new breeding strategies.

Lecture Titles

FALL 2005 • Characterizing genetic structure and fl ux in non- temperate maize germplasm • Progress of the ACCI Plant Breeders Towards Improvement of the Food Security of the Small Scale • Domestication gene for white pericarp sweeps across Farmer the rice world • Sustainable Coffee Production in Colombia • Genetic architecture of quantitative resistance in the cereals • Trends in Indian Agriculture - Challenges and Strategies • From complex phenotypes to candidate genes – • Development and Identifi cation of High-Value Cassava Bioinformatics tools in Gramene Clones • A brief history of plant breeding at Johnnyʼs Selected • Flavor Perception and Health Value Seeds • Breeding for Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Tropical Maize • Detecting pathogenic organisms via their RNA: from • ABSPII Project Update & Benefi ts to CALS lateral-low assays to micro-total analysis systems • Corn Breeding • Map-based cloning and characterization of AltSB, a • Improvement and Genetics of Nutritional Quality in major aluminum tolerance gene in sorghum Common Bean • Mutations in translation initiation factor elF4E confer • Participatory Plant Breeding in Water-Limited resistance to potyviral infection in pepper and tomato Environments • The rice bacterial blight gene Xa5 encodes a novel • Integrated Analysis of Aluminum Tolerance in Maize form of disease resistance

SPRING 2006 FALL 2006 • Opportunities for application of molecular markers • A Small Scale Farmer in Africa for sustainable crop production in stress environments: • Harvesting Health sorghum and pearl millet • Genetic and Genomic Analysis of NARROW SHEATH • Functional foods and potential health-promoting 1 Function During Maize Leaf Development attributes of apples • The Magic of Heterosis • Understanding genetics and evolution of arbuscular • Genetic evidence for a second domestication of barley mycorrhizal fungi: Are they an ancient asexual (Hordeum vulgare) east of the Fertile Crescent scandal? • Mapping phenotypic and gene expression QTL for • Novel approaches for marker-assisted selection, results preharvest sprouting resistance and seed dormancy in and perspectives for drought tolerance in maize wheat

34 connecting classrooms around the globe Plant Breeding and Genetics

Lecture Titles

• Tocopherol Synthesis and Function in Plants • Dissecting heterosis in guinea race sorghum by • Building bioinformatics capacity in eastern and central conventional breeding and molecular merker Africa approaches • Gramene Database - A Hotspot for Comparative Grass • Apple Breeding and the Tree Fruit Genomics Initiative Genomics • Genetic analysis of meiotic chromosome pairing and • The Development of a Two-Component Ac/Ds Gene recombination in plants System in Maize • Corn Breeding in the 21st Century • The Long Slow Road to Association Analysis in SPRING 2007 Soybean • Sorghum Improvement: Beyond a Feed Grain and Forage SPRING 2008 • Cloning genes underlying “wild QTLs” offers new • Genetic regulation of tomato fruit ripering insights into the process of rice domestication • QTL Detection of Pervasive Synergistic Epistasis • Activator/Dissociation (Ac/Ds) Mutagenesis and • Linking Solanaceae Genomes with Phenotype Variation Regulation in Maize • Assessment of Food Iron Bioavailability from Staple • Soil Nutrient Depletion and Repletion in the Tropical Food Crops Highland Agroecosystems of Kenya • Conventional and Molecular Breeding of Small Grains at IFVC. FALL 2007 • Evolution of a research portfolio: epigenetics, • Genomics and Selection for Complex Traits: Learning aluminum tolerance, iron nutrition and biotech risk from the Last 20 Years assessment. • The evolutionary history of GS3, a grain size gene in • Breeding Chilean geophytes for the development of rice novel ornamental plants • Towards a 20 tonne wheat: Discovering genes • Beyond introgression: integrating genome sequence controlling development and yield by Meta-QTL and information and plant breeding for tomato transcriptomal analyses improvement • Introduction to Food Safety Assessments and the • Discovery of Genome - Wide SNPs in Diverse Rice: A CODEX Alimentarius Gyidelines Foundation for Whole-Genome Association Studies • Understanding Plant Disease Resistance Genes: ʻRʼ We There Yet?

transnationallearning.cornell.edu 35 36 connecting classrooms around the globe