www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
' SECOND
REPORT
OF THE
C0M:MISSIONERS
APPOINTED BY HIS MAJESTY TO CONSIDER THE SUBJECT
OF
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
Ordered, hy The House of Commons, to be Printed, 18 September 1820. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
THEREPORT ------. - m P. 5
THE APPENDIX ;- VIZ.
(A.)--An Index of Terms relating to Weights and Measures, both in their legal and in their provincial Acceptations :-Extracted, chiefly, from the Reports of the different Counties, published by the Board of Agriculture - - - p. 5
(B.)-A List of the Towns from whence Corn Returns are received, with some account of the Measure of the Bushel usually made use of:-Received from the Office af the Receiver of Corn Returns ------p. 38 www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
SECOND
a E P o R T
OF THE
COMMISSIONERS
Appointed by HIS MAJESTYto consider the Subject of
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
MAY IT PLEASE YOUR MAJESTY,
WE, the Commissioners appointed by Your Majesty, for the purpose of considering how far it may be practicable and advisable, to establish, within Your Majesty's dominions, a more uniform system of WEIGHTSand MEASURES,have examined, since our-last Report, the relation of the best authenticated Standards of Length at present in existenbe, to the instruments employed for measuring the base on Hounslow Heath, and in the late trigonometrical operations.-- But we have very unexpectedly discovered, that an error has been com- mitted in the construction of some of those instruments : We are therefore obliged to recur to the originals which they were intended to represent, and we have found reason to prefer the Parliamentary Standard executed by Bird in 1760, which we had not before received, both as being laid down in the most accurate manner, and as the best agreeing with the most extensive comparisons, which have been hitherto executed by various observers, and circulated throughout Europe ; and in par- ticular with the scale employed by the late Sir George Shuckburgll. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
4 SECOND REPORT OF THE COMMISSIONERS
We have therefore now to propose, that this Standard be considered as the foundation of all legal Weights and Measures, and that it be declared, that the length of the pendulum vibrating semnds in a vacuum, on the level of the sea, in London, is ?g. 13999-inches, and that of the French metre, 99.37079 inches, the English standards being employed at 62" of ~ahrenheit.
9.-We have annexed to this Report an Appendix, containing a comparison of different customary Weights and Measures, and an explanation of provincial and other terms relating to them ; and we propose at a future time, ta make a further Report respecting the existing Standards of Weight.
London, (Signeq GEORGE CLERK. DAVIES GILBERT. W. H. WOLLASTON. THOMAS YOUNG. HENRY KATER. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
: ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
APPENDIX.
Appendix (A .)
AN INDEX OF TERMS RELATING TO WEIGHTS AND MEASURES,
Both in their legal and in their provincial acceptations.
Extracted chiefly from the Reports of the different Counties, published by lhe Board of Agriculture.
ACRE,ENG. A measure of land containing 4 roodo=z6o perches= Index ,r Terms 4840 square yardsz43560 square feet. andrelating Measures. to Weights
SCOTCHACRE= 61 50,' square yards, E.=5;60 square ells Sc. \-,,-J loo making about 127 E. a. IRISHACRE= 7840 square yards E. = I 60 perches I. each of 7 yards square instead of 5 8. CUSTOMARYACRES : Bedfordshire : Sometimes 2 roods. Cheshire : Formerly and still in some places, I 0240 square yards. Cornroall: Sometimes one of the Welsh acres of 5760 yards. Dorsetshire : Generally 134 perches. Hampshire : From 107 to r 20 percbes, but sometimes 1 So. Herefardshire : Two-thirds of a statute acre. of hops, about half an acre, containing 1ooo plants. of wood, an acre and + or 256 perches. Leicestershire : 2308 + square yards. Lincolnshire : 5 roods, particularly for copyhold land. Staforclshire : Nearly 2 + acres. See Perch. Sussex: 107, I 10, 120, 130, or 212 perches. Short acre, I oo or 120 perches. Forest acre, I 80 perches. Tkstmoreland : 6760 square yards, or l60 perches of 6 g yards square ; in some parts the Irish acre is used. TVorcestershire : Hop acre, I ooo stocks, or go perches ; some- times 132 or 141 perches. N. Wales : Erw, or true acre, ~1320sq. yards ; stang or customary acre 3240 sq. y. as in flnglesey and Camarvonshire, making 5+ Llathen= 160 perches W. of 4; yards square, called paladr ; 8 acres tnaking an 0s-land, and 8 of these aplough-land, in Pem- brokeshire. See Erw and Perch. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
6 ,4PPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE Appendlx ACRE: So~netimesdenotes a measure of length. l, \ (.L.) Index of Terms Buclringlramshire, a chain of 4 poles, or 22 yards. reI,ttir!g to \I1eights and Mrasures. Dertyahire, 4 " roods," each of 7 or of S yards. [Ruthe, Germ. U a rod, or stick.] Yorksl~ir-e,29 yards. ANKER,ten wine gallons. Scotla12d: Twenty Scotch .pints. AUME,or AWM: A tierce of wine, or 42 gallons.
BAG, - of Spanish wool, 240 pounds ; of almonds, 3 cwt. ; of currant$, 4 cwt. ; of lime, 1 bustle1 heaped. Deuoizshire : of wheat, 2 bushels, weighing I 40 pounds. of potatoes, 140 pounds. Kent : of hops, 25 cwt. Shrolishi1.e : of wheat, 3 custon~arybushels. Surrey : of hops, 22 cwt. to be 7; f. long, S feet in circumference, the canvas neighing 4 lbs. of poppies, about 3000 heads. S. TYules : of oats, 7 heaped measures or 8 2 striked, making 170 quarts, or 5 bushels I o qts. to weigh 220 lbs. if of old, 240 if of new kinds. A5'cotla?zd. Banzshire : of jour, 84 pounds=gl E. Peeblcs : of ha?-ley, 16 stone, 256 lb.=2;9 or 280 E. BALE,- of boztltel, 20 pieces. 12 Car. 2. of thread, loo bolts. 12 Car. 2. of carama-y seeds, 3 cwt. of cochineal, 1 4 cwt. of cofee, at Mocha, 303 lbs. of Sparzish wood, 25 cwt. BARLEYCORN,+ inch. BAHREL,of (~leand beer, 36 gallons, 43 G. 3. Before this act the legal barrel of ale was only 32 gallons in London, of beer 36 ; and in the country both were 34. 23 H. 8. of anchoz!ies, I 6 pounds. 27 G. 3. of opplcs, 3 bushels. 12 Car. 2. of hnrilla, 2 cwt. 12 Car. 2. of beg; 32 wine gallons. 386.3. of ca?zclles, i o dozen pounds. t 2 Car. 2. of butter, 224 pounds; but 106 only of Essex butter; 156 of SufTolk. of conls, 3 Winchester bushels. 18 G. 3, of coclJ;sh, wet, 32 gallons. 5 G. l. of www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
COMRIISSIONERS ON MrEI[GHTS AND MEASURES. B~n~~~-continued. Appendix of eels, 42 32 Ed. 4; but 30 by 2 H. 6. (A .) b of jsh in general, to be gaged by wine measure. 38 G. 3. Index of Terms of gunpoxder, i oo pounds neat. 4 G. 2. relating to ?Yeights and hleasurc~s of Berrirgs, 42 gallons. 32 Ed. 4. and 5 1.; but fogallons G. , ' , a H. 6. Estimated to contain 23.5 pounds of fish if packed with small salt ; 212 if with great salt ; and 4 unpacked are considered as equal to 3 packed. 26 G. 3. of honey, 32 wine gallocs. 23 Eliz. Otherwise 42 gallons of 12 pounds each. of nzzcm, 42 gallons. 1 I G. 1. Otherwise 32. of nuts, 3 bushels. 12 Car. a. of oil, 3 I f wine gallons. of pilchards, or mackarel, salted, 50 galIons. 41 G. 3. of pork, to be gaged by wine measure. 38 G. 3. of potashes, 2 cwt. I 2 Car. a. of plntes, white or black, 300. 12 Car. 2. , of raisins, 1 cwt. of salmon, 42 gallons. 32 Ed. 4. 5 G. I. of soap, 256 pounds. I o Anne. of spirits, 31 4 wine gallons. of sprtcce beer, 42 gallons. . I 1 G. 1. of tar, 3 I ;gallons. 24 G. 2. of ainegsar, 34 ale gallons. I o and 1 1 W. 3. of wine, 31 $ gallons. 1 Rich. 3. Isle of Man : of lime, 6 Winchester bushels. Guernsey and Jersey : of charcoal and lime, 120 pots=6o gallons. Wales : of lime, in sorne counties 3 provincial bushels of I o gallons each, making 3%Winchester bushels, the measure being square and without a bottotn. of culm, in some parts 4 heaped bushels; 'in some 40 gallons. Scotland : of beef or herrings, 32 gallons. of salmon, 42 gallons. Argylc~hire : of herrings, 32 gallons E. Banfshire : of coal, about i 2 stone. 2 I o lbs. E. Crowtarty and Ross-shire : of coal, l o gallons Scotch. of limestone, 32 gallons E. Gallore~ny: of corzl, Ss gallons E. Kincal-dinc~hire : of $ad; 18 pecks. Morny and Nairn : of coals, 3 Winchester bushels heaped, weighing about 13 stone Dutch. Ross-shire, see Cromarty. Ireland : of grain, in general, formerly 4 bushels of 10 gallons each. of barley, 16 stone, 224 pounds. 314. of www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
8 APPENDIX TO SECOND' REPORT OF THE ' Appendix BAR REL-lreland-con tinued. (A.) of beans, pease, and wheat, 20 stone. Index of Terms ' of malt, 12 stone. relating to Weights of oats, 14 stone. and Measures. of potatoes, 20 stone. of roclle lime, 40 gallons of zi7,6, cubic inches each. BASKET,of medlars, 2 bushels. 12 Car. 2. of Spa water, 150 flasks. 11 G. I. Kent : of cherries, 48 pounds. RAT, - S. Wizles, a perch of I 1 feet square. RAP, - Derbyshire, of, slater's w6rk, 500 square feet. BEATMENT.Durham and Northumberland, f peck. BILLET, of fireruood, 3 feet 4 inches long ; if single, 7 inches about ; cast, 10, two cast, I 4. 43 El~z. Altered to I I? 12 #, 23, and 15 inches about. g Ann. BIND, - of eels, 10 sticks=z~oeels. 31 Edw. I. of skins, 32 ; of some kinds, 40. 3 I Ed. 1. BING,- Durham and Northumberland : of lead ore, 8 cwt. BOLL, - of canvas, 28 ells=35 yards. 12 Car. 2. BOLL, - D~rham,2 bushels. Northumberland. Alnwick : of barley and oats, 6 bushels. of wheat, 2 bushels. . Hexham : of barley and oats, 5 bushels. of pease, rye, and wheat, 4 bushels. Newcastle, z bushels. Wooler, 6 bushels. Westmorland: of rye, 2 bushels. Isle of Man : of barley and oats,' 6 bushels. of peas, 4 bushels. of potatoes, 16 heaped pecks. of wheat, 4 bushels, weighing 64 pounds each. SCOTLAND: of grain, the boll is the legal measure, at-least re- cognized 24 G. 2, 18 G: 3. It contains 4 firlots, nearly 6 Winchester bushels, or more accurately, 5.9626. of oatmeal, 140 pounds E. 128 Scotch.troy. 43 G. 3. That is, 8 Dutch stone, or I o English, I 6 pecks. First established by law as a boll, in 1696. of marl, 8 cubic feet, Aberdeenshire : I + boll of the Linlithgow standard. of barley, bear, or oats, 4 Aberdeen firlots=136 pints of 60%oz. each. of coal, 36 stone=figo lbs. E. of lime, 128 Aberdeen pints, each containing 105 cubic inches. Angus : of coals, 70 stone at Aberbrothmick, 56 at Dundee. of meal, 8 stone. . of potatoes, 3 2 Stone. Argy leshire : of grain, at Inverary, 4 firlots, 7 $ per cent above the standard, making 6 bushels I. peck y pints I o cubic inches English. . of www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
COMEvIISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND hIEASURES. 9 BOLL-Argyleshire- continued. Appendix (A.) of meal, at Inverary- 8 stone; in some parts g ; at Ca?npbeltmn l o. Ayrshire : Index of Terms relating to \\'eights of lime, 4 or 5 bushels, in some places more or less. arid hleasures. . of potatoes, very arbitrary. Ranxshire : cf hurley, 1 j stone, or I j ;. of potatoes, 36 stone. Bemicl;shire : 6 f Winchester bushels. of lime, about 4 Winchester bushels. ofpoiatoes, 6 corn firlots striked, or 4 heaped, about g W. bushels =476 pounds E. In Berwick township, 560 lb. E.=5 cwt. Caithness : of beans, pease, and wheat, f of the bear boll, about 4+ bushels. of bear and oats, 64 bushels E. of bear meal, g stone. . of oatmeal, 8s stone. of potatoes, 16 pecks of 14stone each. Cromarty and Ross-shire: of grain, about 3-f-per cent above the standard. of oatmeal, 9 stone. Hebrides: from 16 to 20 pecks. - of lime, a herring barrel, or 32 gallons E. Kincardineshire : of coal, 72 stone. of lime, 128 Scotch pints, or 132. of lime shells, 85 Scotch pints. of potatoes, 35 stone of 10 lb. av. each=s cwt. Kintyre of gmin ; before Patrickmas, 17 pecks=g W. bushels 1 quart; after it, 16 pecks ; about 8 f W. bushels. Lothians, East Lothian : somewhat larger than the Linlithgow standard. of barley, nearly G bushels E. of wkeat, a little more than 4 bushels E. -Mid Lothian : of potatoes, 24 stone=so stone E. -West Lothian : of burly, from I 7 to 18 stone. of potatoes, 24 stone. &.foray.: nearly 5 bushels E. fl/aray and Nairn : of barley menl, from g to 12 stone. of oatmeal, 8 or g stone. Nairn : of grain, 6% standard bushels. Perthshire : of barley meal, 18 stone. of beans and pease, 13 to 14 stone. of oats, 14 to -142 stone. of wheat, I 4 stone. Renfreroslrire : of beans and pease, 96 1 7 cubic inches=4 f W. bushels. of bear and oats, 13623 cubic inches=6+ W. busllels. Boss-shire. See Cromarty. Rosburghsbire : of barley, malt and oats, 5 firlots, each a pints above the standard, containing 341 2 cubic inches, making 5 firlots I o pints of the standard for barley. 314. c ~f www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE . Appendix BOLL-Roxburghshire-continued. (A4 of beam, pease, rye and wheat, 5 firlots of 2275 cubic inches Index of Terms each, making 5 firlots 3 5 pints of the Scotch standard, relating to Weigh& of meal, I 6 stone. I and Measures. l ___V__j Selkirlcshire : of barley, malt, oats, and potatoes, 5 firlots r f Scotch pints, 161 57 cubic inches. of beans, pease, rye, and wheat, 5 firlots of 2286 cubic inches. of meal, 16 stone. Shetland: 5 bushels of 50 pounds each. Stirlingahire : of beans, pease, and rye, the wheat boll. of barley, malt, and oats, 133 pints, or 7 f per cent above the Scotch standard. of wheat, g1 pints, or 8f per cent above the standard. of oak bark, l o stone. Stonehaven : of coal, 24 stone. Sutherland : of oats, in some parts, 5 firlots. of bear, I 6 to I 8 stone. of potatoes, 24 stone. BOLZOF BEAR'SSOWING. In Caithness: An approximation to a Scotch acre, used as a measure for the payment of rent. BOLT,or BOWLT,of oziers. Berkshi~e: a bundle, measuring qa inches round, 14 inches from the butts. E8sex : a bundle, bf which 80 make a load. Hanpshire: 42 inches round at the lower band. BOLTING,of strms.: Gloucestershire, i4:'Ib.
BOTTLE,of qwcfortis, 4 gallons. S G. ,X. ' of wine, about 5 to a gallon. 43 G. 3. BOUT. Derbyshire. Of lead ore. In some places, 240 dishes. Box, of aloes, 14 pounds. Derbyshire : of coals, at the pit'a ) bushels, stxiked. Durham : of salmon, 8 stone. BREADWEIGHT. Essex : Troy weight. BUCKET. Buclcingharnshire and Herfordhire. Of chalk, 1 2 bushel. BUNCH. Cambridgeshire. Of oziers. A bundle 45 inches round at the band. of reed, a bundle. 28 inches round, formerly an ell. Essex : of teazles, 25 heads ; otheru7ise a glean. 'Gloucestershire : of teazles, 20 ; a glen ; of king's teazles, 10. Yorkshire, N. R. Of teazles, 10. BUNDLE,of bnst ropes, 10. X 2 Car. 2. of brown paper, 40 quires. 1 1 G. I. Berkshire : of hoops, I 20 to 48~,according to the sort. of birch brooms, 1 or 2 dozen, according to the size. Devonshire : of barley straw, 35 pounds. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
COMMISSIONERS ON WETGHTS AND MEASURES. 3 l )B rr N DLE-Devonshire-continued. Appendix of oat strm, 40 pounds. (A.)
) of wheat straw, 28 pounds. Index of Terms Gloucestershire : relating to Weights of hogshead hoops, 36. aid Measures. of oziers, about I f round, or a little more. Hampshire : - of ozie?.s, 42 inches round the lower band. of rafterpoles, I oo hoops. Surrey : of hoops, 60. BU~DEN,of steel, 180 pounds. BUSHEL. See Appendix. of coals, to contain a Winchester bushel and a quart of water ; to be 192 inches in dian~eterfrom outside to outside, and to be heaped in the form of a cone G inches high. I a Ann. of fruit, or water measure, was to consist of 4 heaped pecks, 33 dry quarts. ~~iz,a'~entweight : of meal or wheat, f cwt. 14 G. 3. of reheat, a bushel is estimated at 57 pounds. 29 G. 3. of rye, 55 ; of barley, 49 ; of hear or bigg, 42; of oats, 38. 3 I G, 3. of barley, a bushel commonly weighs about 40 pound;s : in 1 S 18 it weighed in some parts of Sussex, 53. af biscuit, bread, or$our, 42 lbs. 14 G. 3. OfJmr, 4; pounds. 31 G. 3. of salt, 56 pounds. 5 W. and M. 38 G. 2. Of rock salt, 120 lbs. 5 W. and M. ; then 7.5, 10and 11 W. 3 ; and 65, I Ann, 38 G. 2. Of Jbrekn sall, 64 lbs. I Ann ; perhaps superseded by 38 G. 2. of wheat meal, 56 lbs. 31 G. 3. ' In IHLLAS~,a bushel is to weigh, of rnheat, 7oIbs. ; of barley, 42; of oats, 38 5; of malt, 35. I. A. 7 G. 2. 11. G. 2. Equivalent quantity : of barley, rnakes 49 lbs. of barlg-meal. 31 G. 3. 481bs. 41.G. 3. of bear or bigg, 42 - of bear-meal. - 41 - of oats, - - 22 - of oat-meat. 22 - of rye, - - 55 - of r e-meal. - of i~)/zeat, - 70 lbs. of &ad or dim&. 31 G. z. Bedfordshire : till lately was 2 pints above the standard. Berkdire : of corn, in some parts g gallons. Cheshire: of barley, 60 pounds. of oats, 45 to 50 pounds. of potatoes, go pounds. of wheat, 70 to 75 pounds. Cornwall, 24 gallons. The double measure of 16 gallons is als6 used in the eastern parts, and r~~nsoccasionally to 17 or I 7f : the triple in the western. of potatoes, 220 pounds. Cumberland. Carlisle, 96 quarts =24 gallons. Penrith : of barley, oats, and potatoes, 20 gallons. of rye and wheat, 16
I 12 APPENDIX TO SECOXD REPORT OF TE-IE * ' Appendix Brr SHEL-continued. (A-) Durham: of corn, generally 5 per cent above the standard; in Index of Terms some parts 82 gallons. relating to Weights Stockton : of oats, 3.5 pounds. . a::d Rleasures. of wheat, 60 pounds. Gloucestershire: commonly g&gallons, but varying from 9 and g$ to 10. Herefordshire : of grain, l o gallons. of malt, 8+ gallons. Lancashire : of potatoes, generally go pounds not cleaned.
Liverpool : of barley, beans, and oats, 34%customary quarts, , making g gallons W. measure ; 2 l bushels sold for 20 ; but barley has lately been sold at 60 pounds to the bushel; oats at 45 :-of wheat, 70 pounds. Zeicestershire : of grain, 84 to g gallons. of malt, 8 gallons. of potatoes, So pounds. Middlesex : of potatoes, 56 pounds. Norlhumberland, the Winchester bushel, variously subdivided. Oxfordshire: of wheat, g gallons 3 pints. Shi-opsl~ire: of barley, pease, and a~lzeut, g$ to 10 gallons ; of wheat, weighing from jo to 80 pounds. of oats : at Shrewsbury 3f bushels, weighing about 93 pounds. In other parts variously heaped. - Sonzersetshire : of coal, at the pits, cj gallons. Stafordshire. 1Vol~erJzanpton Of barley) beans, oats, and Dease, g& gallons. of wheat, ja pounds. Surrey : of potatoes, 60 pounds. of turn@, 50 pounds. Sussex : of wheat, in sdme parts gallons. . fVestmorlund, 3 ~iiiehesterbukhels. Appleby: of barley, 24 bushels. of potatoes, z bushels. T'brcestershire : at Worcester 84 gallons, at Evesharn g ; in some parrs 9f or 93.. df wheat, g gallons weigh 70 pounds, and make 56 of flour. Yo~kshire,E. X. Farmers sell by a bushel above the standard ; corn merchants by the Winchester bushel. N. R. In the Southern part I quart above the standard, in the Northern 2 : sometimes I o per cent, or more than 3. hTOrt/~Wales. Anglesey 2 Of potatoes, 74 pounds. South Tales : of outs, the Winchester bushel of the old kind of oats required to weigh 41 t lbs ; of the new 45 lbs. of coal, three quarters of a cwt.=84 pounds. Brecknockshire, I o gallons. See lladnorshire. Afonmouthshire, from I o to I 02 and nearly 1 I gallons. itfontgomerysirire, 20 gallons, called 2 strikes. lVelshpoo1, of nzalt, ,Q of the' corn bushel, = I 8 gallons. of oats, ;hoops of 5 gallons, heaped. Radnorsi~ire and Brecknockshire. Fishguard, 2 Winchester bushels. Caerphili : www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
COMhiISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 1 3 BUSHEL- Radnorshire, $C.-continued. Appendix Caerphili: of wheat, the Winchester bushel, estimated to (A.) weigh 67) lbs. ; at Aberthaw 64 ; at other places the bushel Index of Terms of 10 gallons is required to weigh 80 pounds. relating to Weights and Measures. Guernsey, 6 gallons : of wheat, to weigh 38 pounds E. . U of barley, 50 lbs=54f E; . SCOTLAND: In Aberdeen there, is a brks standard bushel of Q. Anne, 1707, which contains 13 cubic inches less than the Winchester standard. A bushel used in the county contains 40 cubic inches less. Ayrshire, 2 pecks. Galloway : of barley, from 46 to 53 pounds. of lime, the Carlisle bushel=3 Winchester bushels. BUTT, - of wine or cider, 2 hogsheads. 5 Ann. of beer, in London, 3 hogsheads. of salmon, 84 gallons. 2-H. 6. '
'C.
CABOT. Jersey. df wheat, &- of an English bushel, weighing about 34i Ibs. E. the small cabot ; 4 of which make 3 large cabots, used for barley, and all corn except wheat.
CADE. Of herrings, ,500. 12 Car. 2. of sprats, 1000. CANTEH. Becgordshire. Of ale, a quart.
C AI~AT, of the jeaellers, 4 grains. CAROTEEL,of mace, 3 cwt. I CARRIAGE,of linze, 64 heaped bushels. . CART,- of coals, 84 cwt. 6 and 7 W. 3. At Liverpool, 1 chaldron. CARTLOAD, from 3 tons to 27 cwt. according to the wheels and the season. 13 G. 3. CASE, - of glass, 45 tables of 5 square feet each. French, 25 tables. Newcastle, 35 tables. Radclzfe crown glass, 24 tables. CASK, - of almonds, 3 cwt. of cloves, nzace, or nutmegs, about 300 lbs. neat. 6 G. 1. of pilchards, 50 gallons. 5 G. I. of tobacco, cask or chest of 224 lb. l o and I 1 W. 3. At least 450 lbs. 24 G. 2. of wheatfiur, 2 cwt. Gloucestershire : of cider, usually I 1 o gallons. . Scotland: of meal or of saltpsh, measured by the wine gallon. Cuithness : of butter, from 72 to 84 lbs. CAST,- of earthen or stone pots, 8 gallons. 12 Car. 2. CHAIN, Gunter's, for measuring land, 4 poles= 22 yards= 66 feet. Scotland, 74T-feet; sometimes improperly, 74 only, ten square chains making an acre, as in England. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE Appmdix CHALDER,Scotland, for chaldron, called 4 quarters or 4;, but equal to (A.) nearly I 2 quarters Winchester measure, Index of Terms . of coll*n, 16 bob. relating to Weights and Ivfeasures. Dunzbartonshire : of lime, 64 bushels. c.d of lime shells, 32 bushels. ., ' Renfrewshire: of lime, 32 bushels. of lime shells, I 6 bushels. Stirlingshire: of lime, in some places 24 firlots, each of 23 Scotch pints. c CHALDRON, of coals, 4 vats, 36 coal bushels. 16 and 17 Car. 2. At Newcastle, 3 wains, or 52+ cwt. estimated at 53 in the con- tents of boats. 6 and 7 W. 3. In London, the weight is about half as much, or ,",but when more than 5 are sold, the ingrain ~nalcesit 38 bushels. Cambridgeshire : of lime, 40 bushels. Derbyshire: of lime, in some parts, 32 heaped bushels. Durham : of grindstones, from 1 to 36 in number, according to
the size, which is estimated by adding together the diameter ' and the thickness. Lincolnshire : of coals, 48 bushels. A121rrey: of lime, 32 bushels. Yorkshire, E. R. of coals, at Bridlington, 48 bushels. of lime, 32 bushels. N. R. of coals and lime, 32 bushels. North (Vales, of coals, 3 2 bushels. Guernsey and Jersey, of coals, 72 bushels. CHEEF, of fustian, 13 yards. 31 Ed. I. CHEST, of cochineal, I) cwt. of isinglass, 3) cwt. CHOPIK,or CHOPPIN: Scotland, 4 a pint, 2 mutchkins=~a; cubic inches, about 2 English pints: CLOVE, 7 pounds ; of cheese, 7 lbs. 9 H. 6. But sometimes 8. CLUE,- of yarn or Izenzp, 4800 yards, making 2 or 3 skains. COOM,01- COOMB,half a quarterzq. bushels. COILD,- a measure for wood, properly a double cube of 4 feet= 128 cubic feet. Derbyshire : 128, 155, or 162~cubic feet. ,Yus.sex : I 4x3x 3 feet= 126 cubic feet. CORD,or MEER: Derbyshire, of lead ore, 29 yards in length for rake veins, 14. square yards for pipe or flat veins. CORFor CORVE,of coals : Durham, 4 bushels, or 3; cwt: Derbyshire: 2$ level bushels, or 2 cwt.; called also basket, box or tub. CRAN,- of herrings, 34 wine gallons. 41 G. 3. CRANOCKor CIZYNOG,of lime : Cardzf, 4 llestraid= l o W. bushels. Cowbridge and Bridge-end, 11 W. bushels. Neath and Swansea, 1 2 W. bushels. of slaked lime, one-fourth more than of unslaked. Cur www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
COMMISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 15 CUT, - Buckinghamshire : of copse wood, 20 perches. Appendi~ Clydesdale : of yarn, r 20 threads of 2+ yards each. (A.) Index of Terms CYVAR,Anglesey and Carnarvon : 3240 square yards, about +of an acre. relating to Weights and Measures. Merionethshire : 1243 quarts, of 4 2 yards square= 2430 square yards. V South Tvales : In some parts, 4 quarters= 192 llath of 1 a ;feet square= 282 1 square yards, CYVELTN,or GYVELIN. North TVales. Of cloth, g feet.
DACRE,or DICKER: a decad. 31 Ed. I. of razors. 12 Car. 2. of gloves, I o pair. of horse-shoes, ao shoes. DAUGH,Scotland: an ancient measure of land, of 48 bolIs, estimated according to the quality of the soil. DISH,- Derbyshire : of lead ore, 14 pints of 48 cubic inches, making 672, in the Low Peak hundred, weighing 58 pounds ; but in the High Peak 16 pints. DOZEN,of bristles, I 2 pounds. 3s G.3. of calves skins, 36 pounds. 12 C. 2. of iron, 6 pieces. 31 Ed. 1. Derbyshire : of charcoal, 72. local bushels. of ironstone, 50 cubic feet stacked. Durham : - of poles for lead mines, from 1 o to loo, according to the size. DRACHMor DRAM, 3: In pharmacy, ;of an ounce Troy=~scruples= 60 grains. In general commerce, improperly, of an aver- dupois ounce. DRACHM,by measure; more properly FLUIDRACHM,&H of a wine pint, + of a fluid ounce. DROP, - sometimes a weight of 30 grains, or half a drachm, apothecaries weight ; sometimes 27 2, or 1 drachm averdupois. DROP,- as a measure ; of water, about $, of a fluid drachm. of tinctures, about ,h of a fluid drachm. DUPPER,of roman vitriol, 1 cwt.
ELL, - 5 quartersz45 inches, in England, and legally in Scotland. 43 G. 3. Shropshire : of linen cloth, 6 quarters= 54 inches. Jersey : 4 feet=& inches. SCOTLAND,the standard is 37 inches=3j; English. Aberdeezshire : of plaiding, 3 8 inches. Cromartyshire, 38 inches. Dumfries-shire : In some parts, 39 inches. Edinburgh : 37 inches. The standard for Scotland intrusted to tile magistrate about 1621. See Foot. of plaid% and stufs, 39 2 inches. of land, 37 + inches. 3 14. Nairnshire : www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
APPENDIX' TO. SECOND REPORT OF THE Appendix ELL-continued. (A.) Nairnshire : sometimes 38 inches. - Index of Terms &ss-shire : 38 inches. relating to Weights and Measures. North I'Vales : of cloths and cottons, the.llathen gyvelin, 9 feet. Guernsey and Jersey : 4 feet. ERW,- South JVales : A measure of land varying from a little more than 1 to more than 2 acres, containing 4 stangell or cyvar, each generally of 160 perches. See Perch.
FAGGOT,of wood; 3 feet long, 24 inches round. 43 Eliz. of steel, I 20 pounds. FALL,Aberdeenshire and elsewhere : of land, 6 ells square, 38asquare yards, +of an acre, as the perch is of the English acre. FAN,- Cambridgeshire : of chaf, 3 heaped bushels. FAT,or VAT, formerly g bushels. of bristles, 5 cwt. FATHOM,2 yards=6 feet. FI~KIN,5 of a barrel. See Barrel. of butter, 56 pounds. 36 G. 3. of soap, 64 pounds. of potatoes : at Shields, 2 5 bushels ; at Sunderland, 3. FI RLOT, Isle of Man : half a boll. See Boll. SCOTLAND: of bear ; fonnerly, by the act of I 62 1, a measure I g6 inches in diameter, 10 f deep ; but .the actual standard at Linlithgow is a little larger, containing 31 Scotch pints, or 3205 f cubic inches, nearly I W. bushel : other measures give 3208, used for barley, bear, malt, and oats. of wheat, was to be lg&- inches in diameter, and 74- deep, makine;C. 2 150 English cubic inches, but the standard contains 2 1 pints= 21 97; cubic inches, about 2 per cent Inore than a W. bushel; other measures make it 2199 cubic inches, ubd for beans, pease, rye, zvhite salt, and wheat. In Edinburgh these measures are made avowedIy 1 4 per cent above the standard : and as sent from Linlithgow to Icinross- . shire, they were found 2 2 per cent too large : to Pertki, the bear firlot 4 per cent, the wheat almost 3 : the standard firlot was committed, in 162 I, to the care of the magis- trates of Linlithgow. Angus : of bear ; the mean of the county 3222 cubic inches. Aberbrothick, 31 i. pints. Brechin, - 32 f - Dundee, - 316 - Forfar, - 32 - of wheat, the mean 2275 cubic inches. Aberbrotl~ick, 2 a++ pints. Dundee, - 22 + - Forfar, - 22 - Montrose - 22 -- Argyleshire. See Inwerary. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
COMMISSIOXERS ON WEIGHTS AND. MEASURES. 1 7 I R LOT- co~;tinzred. Appendix Banfshire, 31 pints, each 6 per cent above 'the standard. . (A.) Rerrciclcshire, 5 per cent above the standard, differently subdivided. Index of Terms relating to Weights Caithness, 1 tj TV. bushel and 3 quarts, that is, 7$ per cent too and Wleasures. large. Clydesdale, 6 3 per cent above the standard. Cromart-y, S 3 pints. Dumbartonshire : of barlg, 6 f per cent above the standard. lizverary : of barley, ;. per cent too large. Kincardineshire : of barley, 33 pints, or 6 per cent above the standard. of wheat, 22 pints, or 3+ per cent too large. E. Lothian, 21, 25, or 31 pints. ~erthshire: of barley, 3313 6 cubic inches, or 3 per cent too large. Monteitlz, 7; per cent. above the standard. Renfreroshire : of oats, from j6 to 63 pounds. Boss-shire, 3 2 pints. Roxburghshire : of wheat, 2 2 pints. Selkirkshire, 22~pints. S'tirlingshire : of barley, 33: pints : the standard of 17543I pints. of wheat, 23 pints : the standard of I 754, 21 S. FLASK,- of Yyrmont water, 3 pints, wine measure. I 1 G. 1. FODDERor FOTHER,of lead, a ton=ao cwt. 12 C. 2. With miners, 224cwt; with plumbers, lg+. Derbyshire : Mill fodder, at the smelting houses, as20 pounds ; when shipped at Stockwith-on-Trent, 2408. Hull, 2340 pounds. London, 2 I 84= I 9 $ cwt. Northumberland : of dung and lime, a two-horse cart load. of pig lead, 2 1 cwl . : at Newcastle, sometimes 22 cwt. FOOT,- 12 inches, ;of a yard. See Inch. Durham : of grindstone, 8 inches. files : The ancient Welsh foot is said to have been 3 hand- breadths= g inches. Scotland : 1.005405 foot E.= 1i.064864 inches ; -, or per cent above the English standard. of the glaziers, commonly 8 inches. FORPET,or FOKPIT,Nortlzun2berland, Alnwiclc : The fourth part of a peck, about 3 quarts. Hexham : 4 quarts, $ peck of wheat, ;of barley and oats. TVooler : 4 quarts, ;peck, + bushel. Scotland: The fourth part of a peck, otherwise called a lippie. FOTMAL,of lead: 70 pounds, 31 Edw. I. FRAZIL,of cofee : at Bombay, t 4 pounds. FCXLONG,;of a mile= 10 chains=~aoyards. Square, I o acres. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
18 APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE Appendix (A.) Jnda of Terms relatlng to Weights GALLON: old standard, 28 making 32 wine measure.. 13 Eliz. and Measures., TYine gallon: 231 cubic inches, or a cylinder 7 incl~es in diameter, and 6 high. 5 Ann. Used for beef, pork and fish. - 38 G. 3 ; and at Leicester, for all liquids. of brandy, estimated to weigh 7 lb., 13 oz. 32 G. 2. rTYinchester gallon, estimated at 272 2 cubic inches. 45 G. 3- See Bushel. of honey, I nlb. at the Custom-house. of train oil, 7 + pounds, at the Custom-house. Guernsey : 252 cubic inches. SCOTLAND:S pints=840 cubic inches. According to 5 Ann, ' I 2 make 34 English ale gallons, rvhich should therefore be 296 cubic inches; bi~tthis was probably only intended as an approximation. IRELAND: 2 I 7 cubic inches, for all purposes. 9 G. 2. 26 G. 3. Irish acts. GAILB,- of blocks or steel, 30 pieces. 31 Edw. I. GAUNor GATVN: Shropshire and IVales ; a cosruption of gallon, applied to butter, containing I a pounds. Bridgnorth : of butter, 16 pounds. GILL - a quarter of a pint, whether of wine or of ale measure. Scotland : ,g of a pint, G + cubic inches ; about an Eng. gill. Balzfshire : ;a pint English. G LEAN or GLEN,of teazles, Esse,~and Gloucesterdiire ; a bunch. Sec Bunch. GLENE- of herrings, 25. 31 Uw.I. GOADof cloth : Seems to be 4 feet. 28 Ja. I. '' 15 d. the yard, or 20 the goad." of land : Dorsetshire, 15 feet I inch ; called a160 lug. GRAIN- part of a pound avoirdupois. Three wheat corns weigh, on an average, 2 grains in Leicestershire.
GREATHIJNDRED. See Hundred. , GROCEor GROSS: Commonly 1 2 dozen. of bracelets or ~zeckiaces, 12 dichw or bundles of 10, make a small grass. 12 C. 2. of pill boxes, 12 dozen nests of 4 boxes each, 1 J G. I. GUNNP, of ci~ztzamon,+ cwt. of sallpetre, $ cwt. Gwar~rrG WR : N. ivale$, of padJ a 50 square fent, or 50 yard8 in icngth, 3 bricks or spits in breadth,
HANDor HANDFUL,q inches. 32 H. 8. 36 G, g. HANDBREADTH: In TVaZes, formerly, 3 inches. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
COhPMISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. . 19 HANK. of cottola : Derbyshire, 840 yards. Appendix of r~loollera or worsted yarn, 7 raps ar leas, each 50 threads of (A .) a yard, or a two yard reel in the northern c~unties, I 7 G. 3 ; Index of Terms an other reels othar places, 24 z j relating to Weights in G. 3, G. 3, 31 G. 3. &leasureS. HAYBANDS: Not to exceed 5lb. in m-eight. 31 G? 3.
HEAD, OF CHIEF,of linen, 10 yards. 3 1 E. I. of hemp. See Weight. HEAP- of limestone, in some parts af Scotlqnd, as at Cumbernaukl, q+ cubic yards, weighing j tons. HIDE - ~f land, loo acres. HOBAIDor HOEED,of lime : S. JVales, 4 pe&ran, or quarters, of 5 or 6 quarts each ; equal to a peccaid ; sometimes -to $ a peccaid of corn. Anglesea and Caernarvonshire : 2 storedszq bushels. Denbigh, Flint and Merionethshire : 26 bushels TV. In the Vale of Clwyd and part of Flintshire, 21 hobeds are sold for a score. Montgomeryshire : From 2 5 to 2 2 bushels. HOGSHEAD,of ale or beer, 13 barrel. Formerly of ale 48 gallons; of beer 54. See Barrel. of?nellasses, loo gallons. 02 G. 2. of wine, 63 gallons. 2 H. 6. Cornwall : of oats, g Winchester bushels. Devonshire : of lime; sometimes 36 level pecks, or 40 ; sor~letimes I I f heaped bushels, Winch. m. Dorsetshire r .of lime, 4 bushis. Herefordshire and TVorceste~8hire; of gjder, 3 !p galhs. Guernsey and Jersey : of cider, 120 pots, 60 gallons. HOOP - Durham, f peck. Sh~opslzire,a peck. Montgomeryshire, 5 gaklons, called also a peccaid. HUNDRED,of ballcs, deals, eas, oars, spars, and stone, I 20. I 2 C. 2. pf p~ulkts,8 3 60. g r a.1, Bediordshire : .of faggots, 6 score. Buckinghamshire : of faggots, 6 score. Cam6ridgeshire : of 6unches of reeds, 6 score. Essex : of faggots and hop- pole.^, 6 score. of lime, 25 bushels. Hampshire : of bavins and faggots, ago, the long hundred. Northamptonshire : of faggots, r 2a. Isle of Man : of herrings. 124. Dunzbartonsliire : of herrings, 6 score. Fifeshire : of her~*ings,I 32. Roxburghshire and Selkirkstiire: of sheep or lambs, sometimes 106. See Scare. By nzeasure : of hempen and litze~zcloth, I 20 yards, .g$ &d. I.
of lime : Essex, z~;bushels. In sorqe .other places L3 Lj bus'hels, heaped. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
Appendix ~YETGHT,(cwt.) properly 112 pounds=q quarters= 8 stone ; but of atmv, .> angelica, annotto, asafetida, bugle, can26oge, capers, cotton, down, Index of Terms gentia~l,ginseng, gum copal, gum guaicz(m, indigo, isinglass; relating to \lrelgl~:s manna, myrrh, long pepper, pimento, plums, saccharum saturni, and blcasures. sarsaparilla, tobacco, turmeric, verdigris, and raw linen yarn, -, -, loo pounds are to be reckoned a hundred weight. 38 G. 3. I-IUXDREDWISIGHT, of yarn, and of some other articles, 6 score pounds, 12 C. 2. 27 G. 3. of claphozclt, or clapboards, the snzallhundr~d,I nolbs. the great hundred 24 small hundred, I 2 C. 2. Cambridgeshire : of cheese, 12 o pounds. Cheshire : of cheese and hay, 120 pounds. the loni hundred. Derbyshire: of cheese, among dairymen I 20 lbs. of coals, on canals, I 201b. nf dung, hay and strazo, in some places, I no lbs. of lead ore, I 20 pounds. .* Essex : of potatoes, I 2o pounds. Huntingd~nsl-rire: of Leicester cheese, 1 20 l bs. Kent : of$lberts, I 04 pounds. . Lancashire : I 00, I I 2, or I 20 pounds. Leicestershire : of cheese, I 20 pounds. Shropshire : of cheese. Bridgnorth, I 13 pounds, Shrewsbury, 121 pounds. of coals, at some pits I 20 pounds. Stqfordshire :of cheese, at Wolverhampton, I 20 pounds. Jersey : i oo pounds of Rouen, about I i o English. HUTCH: Renfrewshire, ofpyrites, or copperas stone, a cwt. HYLE: Hampshire, offZax, i o sheaves.
1,c.c~~~:Roxburgh and Selkirk, a pound in a stone of wooJ, and a fleece in a pack, usually given above measure. : of a chaldron of coals given above 5 chaldron, in London. INGRAIN. . ; INCH: - The length of a pendulu~nvibrating seconds of mean solar time, in R vacuum on the level of the sea, in the latitude of London, is 3g.i3g:< inches. Scotland : 1 i& = I .005~$054Eng. inch.
JAR- - of Lz~ccaoil, 25 gallons. of green a:inegur, 1 oo pounds. of wheat, 52 pounds. JUG: - See Pint Jug.
KEEL - of coals: Newcastle, 8 Newcastle chaldrons=al ton 4 cwt.= 424 cwt. KEMPLE,of stram : ityid Lothian, 40 windlens, from 1-4 to r G stone trone. I~ENNIWG: www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm
COMMISSIONERS ON WEIGE-ITS AND MEASURES. 2 I
KENNING : Dzwha~nand. ATorthumberlandl a bushel= pecks- Appendix I~IBIN: Aqglesey - - and Carnarvon - - - [% (A.> rl KILDERKIN,half a barrel. See Oarrel. Index of Terms l relating to \\'eights of ale and soap, 18 gallons. 23 H. S. ' . and Measures. of butter, 1 cwt. neat. I 3 and 14 C. 2. 1 I~INTAL.See Quintal. C ' I LAST,12 sacks. 31 Ed. 1. of ashes, codjsh, pitch, tar, and wlleat, I 2 barrels. I 2 C 2. of he~.rings,ten thousand, each containing ten hundred of 6 score each. 31 Ed. 1. 31 Ed. 3. of 12erring.s p~clied,12 barrels ; zcnpaclced, 18 barrels. of red herr~r?~..~,I 0,000, or 20 cades. of pitch and lar, 12 barrels of 31$ gallons each. 38 G. 3. of skins, " 20 dncres "=120. 31 Ed. I. of stockjish, I ,000. 12 C. 2. of butter and soap, 12 ale barrels. of corn and seed, 10 quarters. ofjiathers and$ax, 1,.700 pounds. of gunpozoder and raistns, 24 barrels. of oatmeal and potash, I 2 barrels. of wool, 24 wey =qn cwt. Cambridgeshire : of oats, 2 1 comb = 104 quarters. Buntingdonshire : of grain and seeds, I o: quarters~84bushels. of oats, 1; ton. Lincolnshire : Boston, 1 o+ quarters. Yorkshire, N. R. of rape seed, i o quarters. Scotland : 3 84 pounds. In a shq$ burden : I 2 tons. LAY,LEA, or LEE: of thread or worsted reeled, 800 yards; 200 threads on a reel of q yards. Hampshire : measured on a reel of 2 yards. Sufolk: 40 threads of 2 or 3 yards, of a skain. Derbyshire : of cotton, a lee is 120 yards. LEAGUE.3 miles. Nautical or Geographical League, of a degree of latitude, ,,', , of ten million metres, or of 393jo 7900 inches, that is, about 6076 yards. The French league is of a degree. LEAP.I'Vales : formerly 6 feet g inches. LINE. A term not definite in its sense, being sometimes employed for ~t, and sometimes for ,\ of an inch. A French line is of inter- mediate magnitude, being equal to $ of .a tenth, and +.+ of a twelfth of an English inch. 314. F LINK www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm lz APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE Appendix LINK: ihof a chain of 66 feet, 7,s inches. (A.) LIPPIE..Scotland: A quarter of a peck -0932 Winchester bushel, Index of Terms = relating to Werghts nearly a quarter and a half of an English peck. and Measures. '----+LISPOUKU. Shetland: 32 pounds English ; formerly 24 pounds Dutch =26; English. LLATH.South ilyales : Of land, sometimes a I feet square, I 60 making an erw ; sonletimes I lf feet square, 768 to the erw ; some- times 04 feet square, 160 to the erw. In Anglesey, 5; llathen rnake an acre of 3240 square yards, each containing 30 perches of 13; feet square. LLATHENGTVELIN. JYnles : of cloths, the old ell of g feet English. LLESTKAID.South JFrales: Bridge end, 22 gallons. Card@: Of corn, 20 gallons= 24 bushels=4 peccaid = I 6 ped- wran or quarters. Sometimes required, for wheat, to weigh 168 pounds ; 6 j j to the bushel. At Abcrtharo mill, the same weight is attributed to the ilestraid of 2 1 gallons. Cowbridge : 2 2 gallons. Neath and Swansea : 22 or 24 gallons, the latter called a stacca. LOAD- of bulbuslres, 63 bundles. - 27 G. 3. of hay, 3 6 trusses of 56 I b. each. 11 G. I. of lead, " carrus," " 120 stone or 1500 lb."; sometimes 168 stone, or 12 wegs. In the Peak less, sometinles 30 fotmals, of 70 lb. each, making 2100 Jb. or S score and I 5 stone, that is, of 12 pounds each ; of wheat, summus," the same quantity. 3 1 Ed. I. But a load of wheat is properly 5 quarters. of wood, 50 cubic feet. I I G. I. 5 of earth or grad, 1 cubic yarikrr7 cubic feet. of lime, 32 bushels. of oak bark, 45 cwt. of timber, round, ,50 cubic feet ; square 40 cubic feet. of sand, 36 bushels. . ,,.- of Scotch coals, 1 cwt. of lecrtl, sometimes r 75 pounds. Bedfordshire: 5 bushels ; of wheat, when ground, 4 bushels a pecks 4 lb. , .. . Berkshire : 5 quarters. of In'rck brooms, 60 bundles ; 20 stable, of 1,dazen in each, 20 twopenny, 2 dozen in each, and 20 common, 2 dozen in each. Bzcckinghamshire : of chalk, 16 buckets af I luushek each =24 busheIs. Cambridgeshire : of oziers, 80 bunches. Cheshire : of oainzeal, 240 lb. Derbyshire : of oalt bark, " Load and quarter, or load and rood, 70 yards and 7 yards run;" load oj' charcod, 144 level bhels. of gmvet, sifted, in smne pFms heaped bushFs. of lead ore, g dishes of I 4 or .I 6 pints each, making 126 or 144. of lime, a horseload, from 2;. level bushels to 3 level a-heaped ; sometimes 200 pounds. Devonshire : of timber, 50 cubic feet. Dorsetshire : of wheat, 5 qmters=qo bushek Durham : of lime, 2 7 bushels,. ESSEX: www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm COblhlISSfONERS .ON WEIC61rlTS AND MEASU.RI':S. 23 LOAD-co?ztEnzreO. 11 ppetidlx Esse't.: of cfialk, a waggon load, go bushels. (A,) of clay, 40 bushels. Inffcx of Tirms of ozz'ers, So boults. reldtitlg tn 1Veigl:t~ aud Ajeasutelt. of shingle, 24 bushels. ----.A Hampshire : of rafter poles, 30 bundles of loohoops each. Hertfordshire : of chalk, in some places 22 buckets=33 busheIs, of wheat, j bushels. Hunlingdofishire : of whedt, 5 bushels. Lancashire. Lancaster : of barley, 6 bushels. of bea~zs,pease, and rt:heaf, 4-; bushels, the load of wheat \veighing 280 lbs. of oats, 7+ bushels. of potatoes, 2 cwt. Ulverstone: of beans, 5 bushels. of oats, g bushels. of potatoes, u?zwnshed, 13 scorer;z6o lbg. uwshed, 252 Ibs. of wheat, I 6 scol-e=gno lbs, ,Widdlesex : of new hay, nearly a ton ; properly 36 trusses of Go Ibs. of old hay, I X cwt. OLrfordshire: af straw, 22; cwt. Su$blk : of currots and tu?*n@s,40 bushels. Surrey: of chalk, 30 to 35 bushels. of $restones, 1 02 " feet." of hoops, 30 bundles of 60 in each. of linzestorae, 40 bushels. Sassex : of charcoal, the produce of a cords of wood, A weighilrg. load is two cornman Ioads. of faggots, loo. of ironstone, I 2 bushels, of oats, So bushels. of wheat, 40 bushels. TVestmorland: of potatoes, 44 heaped bushels, but sometimes 54 bushels, measured by a bag. TViltshire: of timber, for the navy, 50 cubic feet. S. TVales: of lime, about I 8 barrels, or 540 gallons. Jersey : of $rewood, about 20 cubic feet. .'Scotland. Dumfriesshire : of oatmeal, 20 stone Dutch, 25 English. Peehlesshire : of meal, 2 boils of 16 pecks ; sometimes a peck over. of coal, in some places 2 cwt. Reujrewshire : of cotll, I 2 cwt. Selkirk : of coal, a waggon load is sonletimes 16 cubic $e:eer. Dublin: of hay, 4ewt, ormore commonly 42. LW@or LUGG,Dorse~shire : of land, 15 feet and an inch ; called also Goad, used instead of a pole of 16;. Herefordshire : of coppice wood, 49 square ya~ds. Hertfordshire, 20 feet. Wiltshire.: a pole or rod of 15, 16; or 1 S feet, www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm 24 APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE Appendix (A.) Index of Teinls M. relatitrg to Weights end Measures. MAEN,- S. ?V(~les: of wool, formerly 5 cwt.=4 topstens ; latterly only M 26 lbs. MAISE,- S. TYales : of herrings, 30 score of 21 each=63o. MARK,- formerly g of a pound. . of Frenclz copper, 8 ounces avoirdupois. 1 2 C. 2. of go/d or silver thread, ;lb. at Crt~ernseyand Jersey, the marc of Rouen=8% oz. av. nearly. MAST, - of (rm6e7; or of cullen gold and silver, 2%l b 1 2 C. 2. PI~ATII, - Herefirclshire : mowing ; a day's math is about an acre, or a hag's work for a mower. MEASURE,Cheshire : of barley, 38 quarts=g+ gallons. ,a of malt, 32 or 36 quarts= 8 or g gallons. T$Testnzorland: of oatnzeal, 1 6 y uarts. , . I(incar*dineshire : of English coal, 48 Scotch pints, between 2 and 3 \V. bushels. of lime, 64 pints. Guernsey and Jersey : of apples, about 3 bushels W. of potcrtoes, 14 pots= j gallons. MEER,- See Cord. MERK,- Shetland: of land, from + an acre to 2 acres. MILE, - 8 furlongs=320 poles'" I 760 yardsz.5280 feet. 35 Eliz. Wales : 'ikfilldir, formerly .I ooo ridges of land, each of 3 leaps, or 20+ f. making near 4 miles English. Scotland : Nairn and Moray, in the cross roads, the old mile of 2640 E. yards, nearly a mile and a half. MOUNT,of plaster of Paris, 3000 weight. 12 C. 2. . MUG, - Bedjordshire : of ale, s pint. ~IUTCHRIN,Scotland: ;pi-it=;- a chopin=4 gills= 26; cubic inches, NAIL,- of cloth : -i$ yard=2$ inches. Ouw CE, Avoirdupois, lb=G+2=43 j 2 grains troy. Troy, 480 grains ; formerly 450 for money. of electuaries or drugs, 20 pennies. 31 Ed. 1 .=480 grains ; the ounce of the apotl>ecaries, the same as the &oy ounce. Scotland: 476 grains, ,g of a Dutch or troy pound. OX-LAND,Glanzorganshire and Pembrokeshi~*e: 8 customary acres. See Acre. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm COMMISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 25 Appendix (A.) P. Index of Terms relating to Weights PACE: co~llrnonly2 g feet : the Roman pace was near 5 feet. and Measures. 7Vales : formerly z f feetzg feet of g inches. PACK,- of yarn, 4 hundred weight, each of 120 lb. - of teazles, 9000 heads of kings ; 20000 of middlings. Gloucestershire : of teazles, 40 staffs= 1ooo glens= zoooo. of kings, 30 staffszgoo glens=9000. Huntingdonshire ; of wool, 240 lb. Kent : of $az, 240 lb. Yorkshire, N. R. of teazles, 1350 bunches of lo kach= 13500. N. Wales : of lamb's wool, 240 lbs. ; but of Yorkshire and Lan- cashire lamb's wool, M lbs. Clydesdale, Dumfries-shire, md Selkirkshire ; of wool, I 2 stone Sc, PACKET,of leaf metal, 250 leaves. 11 G. I. PALADR; Anglesey : the perch of 4 4 yards square= 20 5 square yards. PALM: sometimes denotes 3 inches, as the Italian palmo. PARED; Montgomeryshire : of cloth, 3 yards. PECCAID; S. WALES: of corn, 4 pedwran, of 5, 5 g, 'or 6 quarts each, making 5, 5 4, or 6 gallons ; called also a hobaid. Il.fontgomeryshire : 5 gallons, called also a hoop. Anglesey, and Carnarwon. See Peget. PECK,- bushel =a gallons =4 quarterns. of $!our and salt, generally reckoned 14 lbs. Gloucestershire : of potatoes and green vegetables, about Bristol, 2 pecks striked ; at Gloucester, a heaped peck. Northumberland, Alnwick, and Wooler : ;of a bushel W. Newcastle :barley and oats, 5 forpits or quarterns, N. Wales : of potatoes, 24 quarts. See Peccaid. S. Wales : Llanbedr, 20 quarts. See Peccaid. SCOTLAND: .$. firlot, nearly +- W. B. except for wheat. See Firlot. of meal, 8 pound Dutch, 8 f- E. Aberdeen : of ground malt, weighs from 12 to 14 lb. Dutch. of potatoes, 32 lb. Dutch=35 E. Argyleshire; ofpotatoes: Campbeltown: of g wine gallons E. heaped, weighing 56 lb. av. Inwerary, 14 pints and a mutchkin, about 6+ E. wine gallons. Banzshire : of potatoes, 2 strike= 32 lb. D. Berwickshire : ;of a firlot, instead of +. Clydesdale :of apples and pears, about 18 pints, Sc. =6; gallons W. called a sleek. of meul, p stone= 8 lb. Dutch. Cunningham: of potatoes, formerly 32 lb. of 24 oz. each ; now reduced to 27. Dumbartonshire : of potatoes, the water peck nearly 42 lb. Kincardineshire : of potatoes, 2 stone D. $14. G Kintyre : www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE , Appendix PECK-continued. (A .> Kintyre : of barley, bear, malt, and oats, a measure 12 inches in Index of Terms diameter, to& deep, containing 1142& cubic inches, a little relating,to Weights more than half a W. bushel ; formerly heaped, now striked. and Measures. Lanarkshire : of beans and pease, ;less thau of barley. Glasgow : of potatoes, 42 lb. av. Renfrewshire : of potatoes, from 36 to 37 lb. av. Sutherland : of potatoes, 28 lb. Dutch. PECKLOAF, to weigh 17 lb. 6 oz. avoirdupois. 31 G. 2. PEGET.Anglesey and Caernarvon: of corn, 2 hobeds=q storedsz i 6 kibinsZ8 Winchester bushels, or a quarter. of lime, 4 Winchester bushels. PENNY,formerly of a money or tower pound, weighing 22; grains. PENNYWEIGHT,at present 24 grains, -+of a pound troy. PERCH,POLE, or ROD,a measure-of length, equal to 5+ yards= J 6% feet. 35 El. The same measure squared is employed as the first element of the acre, which contains 160 square perches of 30+ square yards each. A cubic rod of 166~cubic vards is sometimes used. In many counties a perch of 8 yards' is used for fencing. The forest pole is 7 yards; in Sherwood forest, 25 feet. A coppice pole is 6 yards. PERCH,Berkshire : sometimes 18 feet for. rough wark. Devonshire, of stone work, 16; feet in length, I in height, and 22 inches in thickness. of cob work, 18 feet in length, 1. in height, and 2 in thickness. Herefordshire : of fencing, 7 yards in length ; of walling, 54. Herfordshire : sometimes 20 feet, sometimes called a lug. Lancashire, 5% 6, 6;, 7, ?+, or 8 yards, in different parts of the county. Leicester8hire : of hedghg, 8 yards ; sometimes 8 yards square for land. Oxfordshire : of draining, 6 yards. Westmoreland : near Lancashire, 7 yards. Guernsey : 7 yards squared for land measure, making 1%perches. Jersey : 73 yards = 22 feet, + of an acre. S. TYales : of land. I. Sometimes g feet square, I 60 making 1 stangell ; 4 stangells 1 erw of 5 760 square yards. 2. Sometimes I og feet square, called s quart, or quarter of a llath, 40 of make a stangell, whence the erw is 7840 yards, equal to the Irish acre. 3. Sometimes 11 feet, called bat or eglwys haw, make an erw of 9354 yards; or in Glamorgnnshire ;more= 11261, reckoning 48 to the rood or quarter stang. 4. Sometimes 11; feet, called a llath, 48 making a quarter cyvar, and 4 cyvars an erw of I 1 776 yards. 5. Sometimes 12 feet, called a quart or quarter llath, giving an erw of 10240 yards, equal to the Staffordshire acre. of labourers work ; in some parts of Wales, 6, 7, or 8 yards. Scotland : i S+ feet. Dumfries-shire, a rod of 3 ells, or g feet 3 inches. Ireland: www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm COMMISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. PERCH-continued. ,Appendix Ireland : of land, 7 yards in length or square. (A-) See Index of Terlns Log. relating to Weights PIECE- of calico, 10 yards or less, 4 G. 3. and Measures. of linen, cambrics, or French lawns, 13 ells. 38 G. 3. MJ of sailcloth, 33 yards, wide. 1 Ja. .I. Derbyshire : of lead, at the cupolas, or smelting houses, 176+ lb. Dorsetshire : of $annel, 35 yards, yard wide. of sailcloth, about 40 yards, yard wide. Hampshire : of calico, 28 yards, + wide. Northampton : of stufs, 32 yards, 2 2 inches wide. Shropshire : of jannel, 1oo yards. Sufolk, Sudlntry : of says, 27, 30, and 42 yards. Worcestershire : of bagging. for hops, 36 yards, about 31 inches wide. , Wales : of fEannels. Hochdale, about 4 8 yards, or less. Montgomerysi~ire,r oo to I 20 or I 32 yards or more, wide. of webs, a coarse cloth, 90 to 120 yards, + to 4 wide. In some places a web means two such pieces, making 190 yards. Dumfries-shire : of carpet, 63 yards. PIG - of lead, 214 stone=3ol lb. Derbyshire : at the smelting house, 3524 lb. Northumberland : 1; cwt= 168 lb. PINT,+ gallon=+ a quart= 284 cubic inches, wine measure ; 35+ cus- tomary ale measure, 33;- Winchester measure. SCOTLAND: 2 choppins, about 105 cubic inches, 3 ale pints E. But the standard jug, which was entrtisted in 1621 to the care of the magistrates of Stirling, appears to contain only 103%cubic inches, or 103~.The standard at Aberdeen contains l cubic inches. The ale pint of Stirling is & above the standard. Argyleshire : The customary pint contains 109~87cubic inches. Caithness : The standard pint contains 18 gills, for ale, or + above the regular standard : but it has a pin within, marking 16 gills, which is used for measuring spirits. PINTWEIGHT, of butter, in Norfolk and Suffolk, 1% lb. PIPE - of wine, f a tun = 2 hogsheads = I 26 galIons, otherwise a butt. 2 H. 6. 5 Ann. More commonly however of 1,isbon 140 gallons, of Port 138, of Sherry 130, of Mountain I 26, of Vidonia 120, of Madeira i I o. Guernsey and Jersey : of cider, 240 pots, about 120 gallons. PLOUGHLAND: Wales, S oxlands= 64 customary acres. POCKET- of wool : + a pack= i 20 lbs. of hops : Kent, 1; cwt. Surrey, r$ cwt, measuring about S+ feet in circum- ference, 73 long; 4 lb. being allowed for the weight of the canvhs. POKE- of wool, 20 cwt. POLE. See Perch, www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm a 8 APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE Appendix POT - of ale, generally a quart. (A-) of butter, 14 lb. 13 and 14 C. 2. Index of Terms Ghernsey and Jersey, about 2 quarts. relating to Weights W and ~easures* POTTLE,2 quarts. U POU,ND,AVOIRDUPOIS ; 16 ounces, 7000 grains. See Ounce. TROY ; 12 ounces of 480 grains each=5760 grains. of money and drugs formerly contained no.shillings ; of all other things 25 ; 3 1 Ed. 1. of Yenetian gold, 1a ounces Venice weight, 12 C, 2 ; said to be about ;an ounce more than the " pound mark." POUND- of husk8 or nuts, 21 ounces, 12 C. 2. of raw silk, 24 ounces, 24 G. 3. of silver coins, a pound sterling; the money pound, or Tower pound of the Anglo Saxons, used for some centuries after the Conquest, contained 12 ounces of 450 grains each=s,qoo grains. Buckinghamshire : of butter, sometimes 17 ounces. Cheshire, 18 oz. Cornwall, 18 oz. Derbyshire, 17 oz. Devonshire, 18 oz. Dorsetshire, in some parts, 18 oz. Durham, in many parts, 22 oz. Stanhope, 21 oz. Stockton, 24 oz. Gloucestershire, sometimes 18 oz. Herefordshire, 18 oz. Lancashire, 18 oz. Leicestershire, a little more than 16 oz. Lincolnshire, Louth, 13 oz. Shropshire, 17 oz. Stafordshire, Wolverhampton, 18 oz. i Westmorland, 20 oz. Yorkshire, E. R. IQ to 20 oz. N. R. 16 to 24 OZ. W. R. 20 oz. Guernsey and Jersey, a little more than 17 oz. ; the same of bread, I + lb. av. N. TTales, 18 to 21 oz. S. Wales, 17, 18, and 24 oz. Westmorland, 12, 16, 18, and 21 oz. POUND,SCOTLAND : Trone Pound, 1 f Ib. Dutch or Scotch troy=ao oz. 21 a OZ. av. Troy or Dutch weight, 16 ounces= 7621 grains E.zl.0888 lb. av.=17 +&oz. av.; in Am- sterdam, it appears to be reduced to 7600 grains. Aberdeenshire, of butter and cheese, 20 or 26 oz. Dutch. . of malt, meal, meal and corn, 24 OZ. D. Angus, Trone Pound: Aberbrothick and Dundee, 22 oz. av. Brechin, www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm COMMISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 29 POUND-Angus-continued. Appendix Brechin, Forfar, and Montrose, 24 oz. av. (A.) Glamis, 26 oz. av. Index of Terms relating to Weights .Uirriemuir, 27 oz. av. a1.d Measures. Argyleshire : Campbeltore)n, 16 oz. av. U Inverary, 24 oz. av. Ayrshire: of Groceries, 1 lb. av. of butter, hay, and meat, 24 oz. av. Banfshire, of butter, cheese, hay, and wool, 24 oz. av. of meal and meat, 17 ) oz. ev. Berwickshire : of meat, generally Dutch weight; of butter, at Berwick market, I S oz. av. ; in the country markets 22 P, which is the usual pound for cheese ; that of wool is 24 oz. Dumbartonshire : 23 oz. av; E. Lothian : of hay, hides, and tallow, 22 oz. av. of meat, Dutch weight. of wool, avoirdupois. 111. Lothian : various, according to the bargain. TV. Lothian : of caf skins, undressed $as, meal, meat, and iron, Dutch weight. \ of butter, cheese, tanned hides, talloro, and wool, Trone weight, of about 22 oz. av. Peeblesshire : of butter, cheese, hay, and wool, 23 oz. av. ; but of butter and cheese, sent to Edinburgh, 23 oz. only. Perthshire : of butter and clzeese, 22 oz. av. Stirlingshire : of butcher's meat, 22 oz. av. Trone weight. of pork, I 7 + av. or troy weight. PUNCHEON: of beer, in London, 72 gallons. of wine, S4 gallons. PWYS,- S. JYnles: of wool, about 2 pounds, -i; of a maen. QUART- two pints, whether of wine measure or ale measure; of dry measure, a peck is sometimes called a, quart. ,licotland: two Scotch pints. WEIGHT,Gloucestershire and Leicestershire, of butter 3 lb. Isle of Man : of wool, 7 pounds, ;of a quarter. - 1Weasure of length, or surface : Ifales, a pole of 3 +, 4, or 4 + yards. See Perch, Acre. QUARTE~~,8 bushels. of salt, 4 cwt. Devonshire : of TVelsh coal or culm, I 6 heaped bushels. Derbyshire : of lime at the wharfs, 8 level bushels ; at the kilns, 8 heaped bushels. Yorkshire: of chopped bark, in some parts, g heaped bushels. of oats, for bread, in some parts to be made up 3 cwt. See Bushel. Guernsey and Jersey : of potatoes, 240 lb. Dutch weight= 263 av. S. Wales : of corn, 2 4 quarts, for quartern, or quarter peck. 314. H Llanbeder : www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm - APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE Appendix , QUARTER-ContirZ~ed. (A-) Llanbeder : 2 pecks, ;a bushel. Index of Terms Ban~hire:S bushels and 3 pecks, Winchester measure. relating to Weight6 and Bleasures. Guernsq and Jersq :of apples, 4 measures=abont I 2 W. bushels. -1 . of land, S. WaIes, t cyvar, 40 perches. See Perch. WEIGHT, f cwt. in Guernsey snd Jersey; 25 lb. of 'Rouen, 27 + av. QUINTAL, properly 100 pounds; sometimes written kintal. of cheese, in some countries, 120 lb. of lime, 25 bushels. QUIRE,- of paper, 24 sheets. 20 a REAM,- of paper, quires. REEL, - Scotland, go inches. 13 G. I. Used for yarn in Clydesdak. Essex : short reel for wool, 1 2 yard ; long reel, I ;. Hampshire : for $as, 2 yards round. REES, - of herrings, 15 glenesz375. RHAW,- of peat, Wales, 140 or 120 cubic yards, 280 square yards I 8 inches deep, or 15 poles of 4 yards square each, making 240 square yards, of the same depth. RIDGE,- of land, Wales, formerly 20 ) feet, or 3 leaps. ROD. - See Perch. ROLE, - of parchment, 72 sheets. 1 a C. 2. . ROOD, - of land, properly P acre=4o perches= I ,21o square yards ; but the term is often provincially used for rod, or a measure ap- proaching to it. Cheshire : of hedging, 8 yards. of land, 8 yards square=G4 square yards. . of marl, 64 cubic yards. Cumberh~d:7 yards. Derbyshire : of bark, seems to be a pile 7 yards in length. of draining or fencing, 7 or 8 yards. of digging, about Matlock, " 7 square yards;" perhaps rather 7 yards square. of slating, in some parts, 44 square yards. Durham : of wall building, 7 yards. ATorthumberland: 7 yards. Shropshire: of hedging, 8 yards ; of digging, 8 yards square. 1Varaickshire : of fencing ; sometimes a perch, or 5 yards. Westmorland: of slating, 6 8 yards squarez42 f square yards. Yorkshire : in the moorlands, of fencing, 7 yards. Waks : of ditching, draining, and hedging, 8 yards. Berroickshire: of Zlubourer's work, 6 or 7 yards. of masonry, 6 yards square, 2 feet thick. Dumbartonskire : 6 yards square. Dtnfries shire : of draining, 19 feet= 6 yards I ft. Fgeshire : www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm COM3IISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 3% ROOD-continued. Appendix Ffeshire : offeacing, G yards. (A*) : Index of Terms W..Lothian of draining, 6 yards. relating to Weights ROPE - in some places 20 feet. and Measures. Dewnshike : of cob-work and mamnry, 20 feet in length, 1 foot high L and 18 inches thick. Somersetshire : of wall building, no feet in length. Rou L - of minsters or ozenbrigs, 1,500 ells. I 2 C. 2. RUCK - Derbyshire : of bark, in some parts 54 cubic yards, stacked. RUNDLETor RUNLET,of mine, 18 gallons. SACK - of coal, 3 bushels; the sacks tobe 50 inches by 26. 3 G. 2. ofJlour or meal, 280 pounds. 37,39,40,54 G. 3. of meal, 5 bushels. 6 G. I. 2+ cwt.=aSolb. 31 G. 2. I of salt, 5 bushels. of wool, 2 weys, or 26 stone=?+ cwt. 14Ed. Q, 25 Ed. 3, 11 H. 7. Gainsborough: 2 bushels, to be 52 inches long, a6 wide. g. G. 3. Bedfordshire : of corn, 5 bushels. Devonshire: of coals, in some parts, 1 4 cwt. Dorsetshire: of $our and grain, 4 bushels of g gallons each=qf W. b. Essex ; of charcoal: 8 pecks. Gloucestershire : ofpotatoes, 3 bushels, or 2 ;cwt. Hertfordshire : of ashes, 5 bushels ; 4 striked, 1 heaped. Kent : of apples and potatoes, about 3 h bushels. Somersetshire : of potatoes, 240 lb. Surrey : of charcoal, 5 bushels. of oats, 4 bushels. of potatoes, 3 bushels of 60 lb. each. Parwickshire: of beans and wheat, 3 bushels of g gallons each. Wiltshire : of beans, peas, wheat, and aetches, usually 4 bushels. ofpotatoes, 36 gallons, or 2 cwt. TVorcestershire : of apples, 4 bushels. Yorkshire, TV. R. : of potatoes, I 4 pecks =3 f bushels. N. JVales: of wheat, 12 hobaid, to weigh 2601b. SAUME- of quicksilver, 3151b. meaning probably somme, a load. SCORE- Derbyshire : of lime, 20 or 22 heaped bushels. Liverpool : of barley, beans, and oats, 2 1 bushels, Newcastle : of chaldrons of coals,. 21. N. Wales : of hobeds, 2 I. Dumbartonshire : of sheep, sometimes 2 l. Roxburghshire and Selkirkshire : of 6011s oT grain, sometimes 2 1. of sheep, sometimes 2 1, adding 1 more to every huddred. SCRUPLE,apothecaries' weight, 20 grains. SEAM or SEEM, sometimes a quarter of corn or malt. 3 14. of glass, www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm 3 2 APPENDIX TO SECOND'REPORT OF THE . Appendix SEAMor S~~~--continued. (A.) of glass, 3 cwt. or according to 31 Ed. I, 6 cwt. 28 stone of Index of Terms . 24lb. each. relating to Weights : and Measures. Devonshire of dung, 3 cwt. SESTEH,of wheat ; before the Conquest, was a horse load. Hoveden, in Tyrrel. SHILLING,of silver coin ; before the Conquest 112 $ grains, afterwards 270 gr,=& pound. SHOCK,- of canes or boxes, 60. 12 C. 2. Derbyshire, seems to mean 12 sheaves of corn. SIEVE, - a flat basket for measuring or carrying fruit and vegetables. Kent : of apples and potatoes, about a bushel. of cherries, 48 lb. SKAIN,or SKEIN. Hampshire : of yarn, 480 yards. SufoZk : of yarn reeled, 20 leas, each of 80 or I 20 yards, making 1600 or 2400. SKIN, - of cinnamon, 3 cwt. SKRON,- of barilla, 3 cwt. of almonds, 2 cwt. SLEEK,Clydesdale : of apples or pears a peck, containing about I 8 pints - 2 $ gallons. SPAN, - y inches. SPINDLE, Clydesdale: 48 cuts of lzo th;eads each, on a reel n+ yqrds round, making 48 X 300' I 4400 yards. SQUARE,frequently 100 square feet. Derbyshire : of slater's work, I oo square feet. Devonshire : of thatching, I o feet square= I oo square feet. of timber, 6 inches : as a mode of expressing the quantity by the length only, it is 'reduced to the supposed size of 6 inches square. STAC~A,S. Wales : Sometimes a llestraid of 3 Winchester bushels. STACK,Bedfordshire : of hard wood, I yard square and 4 in length = 4 cubic yards. Derbyshire : of coals, the three-quarter stack in some, parts is 105 cubic feet, z less than L+ cubic yards. Middese,~: of wood, 4 cubic yards. Northamptonshire : of $re-roood, 4 cubic yards. Shropshire : of coals, a cube of 4 feet, weighing about 25 cwt. STAFF, - of teazles ; Essex : 50 bunches, or gleans of a5 each=za,5o. Gloucestershire : 25 glens of 20=5oo ; of kings 30 glens of l o ~~300. STANGor STANGELL,S. Wales: erw. See Erw, Perch. STICK,- of eels, 25: 31 Ed. I. STIIIPART, Ayrshire: + peck. STONE,- Forn~erlyin London 122 lb. 31 Ed. 1 ; that is + of loo lb. instead of 5 of 1 cwt. of alum, 13; lb. ofglass, www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm COMMISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND ME-4SURES. STONE-continued. Appendix . - of glass, 5 lb. (A-) of hemp, 20 lb. 2 1 H. 8. Sometimes 32 lb. Index of Terms .. of heip, orcflaa*, 16 lb. 24 G. 2. relating to ~elghts of lead, 15 pounds, each 25 shillings in weight. g1 Ed, I ; that andI Measures. is, each of 6750 grains; the stone 101250 grains; 14 X 70oo=g8000 : SO that this stone was about 14 lb. av. In modern times, 12 lb. make a stone of lead. of meat, S lb. of wool, 14 pounds. 14 Ed. 3. Beyordshire: of butcher's meat in the South, 8 lb. N. of the Ouse, 14 lb. Buclcinghamskire : of cattle, 8 I b. Cumberland: of hay, tallow, wool, or yarn, and sometimes of meat, 16 lb. Durham : of wool, 18 lb. Essex : . of beef, 8 lb. Kent : of meat, in some places, 8 lb. Gloucester'shire : of beef, 8 lb. of retool, 12 f. lb. Herefordshire : I 2 lb. Liverpool : ao l b. Middlesex: of meat, 8 lb. ~ortj~umherland:of mool, 24 or I S lb. Sufolk : of hemp, I 45 lb. Sussex I of meat, 8 1 b. JVestnaor6nd :' I 4, 16, or 20 lb. of buiter, i6 pounds of 20 ounces eachzao lb. Yorkshire: of ?oooi, zG lb. f more being allowed for the draught or turr~of the scale. Weatern il//oorlands : i 7 lb. and more for the draught. Eastern MoorZands,: 17 to 1g1b. About Darlington : I 8 lb. of wheat. W. R. 221b. N. TVales : of wool, from 41b. to I 5 lb. S. IVales: of wool, 14lb. with i lb. ingrain, making 15 lb. when I sold to woolstaplers. In various markets, provincial weights of 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 21, 22, 24, and 26 lb. of butcher's meat, commonly I 2 l b. Scotlancl: Dutch or French troy stone, of 16 pounds, each. weigh- ing 762 1 $+ grains English, making 121942.4 grains, and 8 stone=g7553g.z gr. nearly equal to 10 stone E.=g8oooo, the difference being about 8 a pound : 8+ stone Dutch are much more accurately log E. Established by an Act of 1681. Angus : of potatoes, 16, 20, or 24Lb. av. Argyllshire : of butter, cheese, hay, lint, tallow, and wool, 241b. av. Banfshire : of hay a4 lb. av. of wool, about Keith, 1 stone D. and 2 lbs. or I $lb. D. 314- I Berwickshire : www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF TIHE A~pehdix STONE,-SCO~~~~~-continued. (A-) Bernlickshire: ofhay, at Berwick, 24lb. av. in the country 22+ lb. - Index' of refnfg E. or 1 61b. trone. ~-eIatingto Weights ' Caithness : of wool, 1 241b. Dutch. and hieashre$. ;stone D. = V Dumbartonshire : of wool, sometimes 1 7 lb. Pzfeshire : ofjas, 2 2 lb. av. Gallowa9 : ofjax, 16 lb. of wool $3 lb. D. Hebrides : of hay, 17~lb.av. 1 stone Dutch. of wool, I 2 stone Dutch~a4lb.D. Dumfrie~-shire: of butter, hay, talhv, and -1, and of cheese sold wholesale, 241b, av. Inverness-slzire : of hay, probably 16 lb. of 2 I ounces each, making zo lb. Dutch, or about 21 po~~ndsav, Kincara'inesl~ire: of hay, I S stone=zolb. Dutch. Peebles-shire : of hay, 2 2 lb. E. av. I) Renfrervshire : of hay, 22 $lb. av. I 6 trone pounds. 1 Rossishire and Cromarfyshire : of butter, cheese, $ax, oatmeal, and tallow, 2 1 !b. D. of rmol, 2 2 lb. D. ~o~~btr~~hsh~re,and Selkirkshire : of butter, cheese, hay, raw hides, li~zt,talloiv, and re.001, the trone stone of 20 lb.. D. In Roxburgh- shire, and Selkirkshire, 23+ lb. av. Sutherland: of butter and ck~tse,21 lb. D. of wool, 24lb. av. Dublin : of rough tallow, 15lb. av. of wool 16lb. STOOK,Devonshire : of thresher's work, i o sheaves, from 7 to I o inches through at the band. Probably stiick, piece, of work Germ. Sometimes 12 sheaves make a stook. SeeThreave. STORED,N. Wales: of corn, 2 bGshels, or 4 kibias. , .'.. , STRIKE,a measure of corn, varying in its contents from + to 1, 2, and - 4 bushels. ,t :, - Montgomeryshire : + a hobed of Denbighshirez 2 hoops=~~o quarts= l f Winchester bushel. Mo~p,Bushel.- Fishguard, + a Winchester bushel. See Vat, , SUM,of no&, i 0,000. 12 C. n. Probably hmme, a bidin, fr. . I " T. :!K I. -,B TABLE,- of glass, 5 square feet. I ' TALSHIDE,a billet of certain dimensions, 4 feet in lengh, '' besides the l carfe." Number 1, 16 inches round ; number 2, 23 inches. 54, 35 H. 8. If half round, to measure 19 inches about, instead of 16, and 1 8 + if a qumter round. 43 Eliz. These dinlensions are made r o;, I 2;, and 12 inches respectively. g Ann. TANKARD,of ale, a quart. TEAL,T?cL, OT TELAID.S. Wabs : Lhndosery, 4 busheh of 10 gallons each, making 5 Winchester bushels. Ldanbedr, or Lamp&r: 4 quarters, each of 2 peck% each of 5 gallons, making again 5 W. bushels. Cardiganshire : www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm COMMISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 35 TEAL, &C.-c012 tinued. . ~ppe~~~ Cur~liganshire: in some parts 3 W. b. in others 6, called tel mawr (A.) , arid tkl bach. Index of Terms to Brecklzockshire and Caermarthemhire : of lime, in some parts, q and bleasnim. bushels of 10 gallons eachzg W. b. equal to the Irish barrel used for coals and salt. Pembrokeshire : 4 or 5 bushels, ca1Ied a barrel; a long teal con- tains 8 W. bushels. TERTIAN,of mine, 84 gallons. 2 H. 6. THRAVE,of corn, Derbyshire: 2 kivers or shocks, or 24 sheaves. of straw, Gloucestershire: 24 boltings or trusses, of 24 lb. each ~576lb. (See Threave. THREAD,of yarn ; the circumference of a reel, Sufilk : 2 yards, sorne- times 3 ; CZydesdale, 24.. I 'THREAVE,of straw for thatching ; Jvestmorland : a4 sheaves. Yorkstlire, E. R. 12 bundles, not precisely limited in magnitude. of corn in reaping; Kincardineshire: 2 stocks of 12 sheaves each, the sheaves at the band to fill a fork I o inches wide. TIERCE,of wine, 42 gallons, otherwise an aume. 'TIMBER,of furs, 40 skins. 12 C. 2. TOD,- of wool, 2 stonez28 lb. 12 C. 2. Bedfordshire ; 28 lb. and sometimes a pound over for pitchmarks, making 29 lb. Gloucestershire : a 8; lb. E Susses : 3 2 lb. Yorkshire ; Holderness : 2 8 1 1b+ Guernsey and Jersey : 3 2 lb. Tow, - 20 cwt.=2240 lb. av. Of earth or gravel, a cubic yard is often reckoned a ton. . of wheat, 20 bushels. On a cwnal, 40 cubic feet of oak or ash is to be considered a~ a ton. 23 G. 3. Sometimes 48 are allowed. In a ship's measure, 40 cubic feet are considered as a ton, being supposed to carry 2000 lb. of barley, sometimes 1709 lb. of lead, 193cwt. of linseed oil, 236 gallons. of oil, at the Custonl house, 252 gallons. of salt, 42 bushels. Derbyshire : of bark, gypsum, and lime, in some parts 2400 lb. of coals on canals, 2400 lb. of dung, hay, lead ore, stone, and straw sometimes, 2400 lb. of grindstones, 15 cubic feet. of broken stones, about Bakewell, 20 striked bushels. Devonshire : of limber, 40 cubic feet. Dorsetshire : of Portland stone, 16 cubic feet. Essea7 : of potatoes, 2520 lb. or 36 bushels. Leicestershire : of limestone, 5 quarters =40 bushels. Middlesex : Strafwd, of sftedgraael, 23 cubic feet. JViltshire : of timber, 40 cubic feet. 334- Worceste~shire: www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm APPENDIX TO SECOND REPORT OF THE Appendix TON--conti?zued. (A) Worcestershire : of coak, 28 bushels. Index of Terms Isle g Man : of coals and soaper's waste for manure, 48 bushels. relating to Weights and Measures. N. TVales: of con1 on the sea coast, $ chaldron, weighing 24 cwt. U of lime, of the ton of coals, or 12 cm-t.= I 6 W. bushels. S. Wales : of cz~lnt,about 17 cwt. Bemviclcshire : of potatoes, shipped for London, 28 cwt. Clydesdale : of hay, nearly I oo stone. Kincnrdineshire : of potatoes, 4 bollsz 1 ton English. TON, - Stirlingshire : of oak bark, 128 stone D.= 160 E. nearly. TOPSTON,S. Wales : of wool, 34 pwys=7lb=; maen ; latterly 6+1b. TRUSS,- of hay, 56lb. if old ; 601b. if new. 36 G. 3. Bristol : 7 1b. aa G. 2. London : formerly 36 lb. 3 I G. 2. TUB, - of butter, 841b. 36 G. 3. In S; [Vales from 60 to i zolb. used as a measure for corn to be exported, 4 bushels. 2 G. 2. of tea, Golb. of coal. See Corf. TUN, - of wine, 2 pipes= 252 gallons. S H. 6, 5 Ann ; supposed by some to have been originally a ton weight, or rather 2,ooolbs. about 32 cubic feet, which is about 240 gallons of water, or about 25 2 Irish gallons. of beer in London, 2 butts. of oil,- 252 gallons ; of sweet oil, 236 gallons. of syrup, barrels. . TUNNELL,Cardiganshire: of lime; 16 bushels; about the produce of a ton of limestone. VATor FAT, of coals, 4 chaldron=g bushels. 47 Geo. 3 ; sometimes called a strike. of corn, 8 bushels. VERG~E, Guernsey and Jersey, of land, 40 perches; a little less than + an acre. See Perch. VRAGINA,23 pennyweights. 31 Ed, 1. WAGGONLOAD, 8 tons to 3 allowed, according to the wheels, and to the seasons. WAIN, - of coals, 17 $ cwt. G & 7 W. 3. WARP,- of bed-ticking, Fordingbridge : 75 yards, from 2000 to 3000 threads. WATERMEASURE, on board ofship, 5 pecks. I 1 H. 7. WAY or WEB, of glass, 60 bunches. la C. 2. WEB,- of ticking, Fordingbridge : 70 yards. WEIGH, www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm COMMISSIONERS ON WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 37 Appendix WEIGH,or WEY, of cheese,$a.~, lead, talloru, and ruool, 14 stone, 31 Ed. I. (-4.1 . properly, 5 chaldrons, or 40 bushels. of clreese, 2 cwt. ; but in Essex, 256lb. g H. 6. Otherwise ~~~~~n~f~&~~bts 416, and in Suffolk, 3 cwt. and Measures. of meal, 48 bushels, of 84lb. each: 27 G. 3. of salt, 1 ton=4o bushels. 35 G. 3. - of window glas., Go cases. of wool, 13 stone= I 82 lbs. Devonshire: of lime, coals or culm, sometimes 48 double Win- chester bushels. Dorsetshire: of ruoo.!, a weigh or weight is 30 lb. and 4 lb. or 1 lb. over in some places. S. TVales : of coals, 6 chaldron= 8 tons 2 cwt. Swansea : of refuse coal, about g 2 tons. of culm, I o tons, or 21 6 heaped bushels. WEIGHT, Dorsetshire : of hemp, 8 heads of 41b. twisted and tied, makinq YARD,- 3 feet=36 inches. See Inch. But by custom, the legal yard for cloth has become 37 inches in many cases. Buckinghamshire : of land ; from 28 to 40 acres. -. of bark, sometimes 37 inches. Wiltshire, f acre. Isle of Jfan : of cloth, 38 inches. Anglesey and Carnarvon : 40 inches. Anglesey and Carnarvon : of hay, 38 inches in length, of various height and breadth, the bargain being often made for a certain stack, according to its length only. Appendix (B.) www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm APPENDIX 'TO SECOND BEPORT OF TNE Towns frstmrnrhence Corn Returns are received, &c. Appendix (B.) A LIST OF TEE TOrnYS . From whence CORNRETURNS are received, with :- ZI&OU& of the measure of the bushel .u~tillymade use of. RECEIVEDfrom the Office of the RECEIVERof CORNRETURNS. London - - - - W. Hereford, 10 gallons. Uxbridge - - - - W. Leominster, .I o d'. Staines - - - - W. Ross, 10 d9 Brentford - - - - W. Worcester, 8 gallons and 2 quarts. Cc~d~n- - - - W. Ewshrt~n,g gdlons. Kingston - - - - W. I ;A&&tIaiir Carlisle W. Ipswich - - - - W. - - - - (B.) Woodbridge - - - W. J\'hiteh.a&~~ - - - W. Cockermouth Tb~k&oh ddh'eh& Sudbury - .: - W. Cofi Meeatns are X-Iadleigh, 3 3 quarts. Penrith - - - - W. received. &c. Stowmarket - - - W. Bury St. Edmunds - W. Appleby - - - - TV. Beccles Burton Bungay - - - - W. Liverpool Lowestoft Ulverston - - - - ,W. Cambridge - - - W. Lancaster - - - - TV. Ely- - - - Ur, Preston Wisbeac'h Wigan, yolb. wei ht. Warrington, "fb 'B5 Norwich Manchester - - - W. Yarmouth Bolton- - - - - TV. Lynn - - -- - W. Thetford Chester, 75 Ib. %&it, 38 h)&. Widey. Walton - - - - 'OP. Nantwich, 75 d" - 38 d" ~~rnodharn,33 quarts. Macclesfield - - W. East Derch - - - W. S tockport Harleston Holywell, 84lb. Holt - - - - - W. Mold, 841b. Aylesham - - - - W. Fakenham - - - W. Denbigh, 84lb. Walsingham Wrexham, 381b. Llanrwst, 841b. Lincoln Ruthin, Sqlb. Gainsbro' - - - - W. Glamford Bridge - - W. Beaumaris Louth - - - - - W. Llannerchy - - TV. Boston - - - c W. Amlwch - - - - W. Sleaford - - - - W. Stamford - - - - W. Caernarvon - - - V-. Spalding - - - W. Pwllheli - - - - W. Conway - - - - W. York - - - - - W. Bridlington, 33 quarts. Bala - - - - W. Beverley Corwen - - - - TV. Howden Dolgelly - - - - W. Hull Cardigan Whitby Lampeter - - - - W. . New B!Ialton, 34 quarts and I pint. Aberistwith - - - IV. Leeds, 8 gallons and 2 pints. Pontefract Pembroke, 8 gallons and I pint. Doncaster - - - - W. Fishguard, 43 quarts. Haverfordwest Durham - - - - W. Stockton Carmarthen - - - W. Darlington, 34 quarts. Llandilo - - - - W. Sunderland - - - W. Kidwelly - - - - IV. Barnard Castle Swansea - - - - W. Wolsingham Neath - - - - - W. Cowbridge Belford - - - - W. Hexham - - - - W. Gloucester Newcastle Cirencester Morpeth - - - - W. Tetbury Alnwick - - - - W. Sto. on Wold - - - W. Berwick - - - - W. Tewkesbury, g gallons. 314. www.sizes.com/library/British law/Second_Report_1820.htm APPENDIX, TO 3 D REPORT, &c. Appendix 5.1 Bristol - - Redr~ Taunton - Helstc W. Towns fromwhence AL -4 Corn Returns are Wells St. gallons. received, &c. Bridgewater __I Frome BlandIford. - Chard - Bridport - - L -,.b..- DorcLG3L=l - - - W. hfonmouth - - - W. Sherborne - - - - W. Abergavenny, 1 o gallons. Shaston - - - - TT. Chepstow, 40 quarts. M7areham - - - - W. Ponty pool Winchester W. Exeter - - - - - W. Ando ver - W. Barnstaple, 34 quarts. Basingstoke - - W. Plymouth - Fareham - - - ' - \v. Totness - - - - W. Havant W. Tavistock, 64 quarts. ' - - - - I Newport - - - - W. Kingsbridge, 33 quarts, Ringwood - - - - lv: Truro Southampton - - - IT. Bodmin, 24 gallons. 1 Portsmouth - - - W. Launceston