Marija Gimbutas Papers and Collection of Books
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Between West and East People of the Globular Amphora Culture in Eastern Europe: 2950-2350 Bc
BETWEEN WEST AND EAST PEOPLE OF THE GLOBULAR AMPHORA CULTURE IN EASTERN EUROPE: 2950-2350 BC Marzena Szmyt V O L U M E 8 • 2010 BALTIC-PONTIC STUDIES 61-809 Poznań (Poland) Św. Marcin 78 Tel. (061) 8536709 ext. 147, Fax (061) 8533373 EDITOR Aleksander Kośko EDITORIAL COMMITEE Sophia S. Berezanskaya (Kiev), Aleksandra Cofta-Broniewska (Poznań), Mikhail Charniauski (Minsk), Lucyna Domańska (Łódź), Viktor I. Klochko (Kiev), Jan Machnik (Kraków), Valentin V. Otroshchenko (Kiev), Petro Tolochko (Kiev) SECRETARY Marzena Szmyt Second Edition ADAM MICKIEWICZ UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF EASTERN STUDIES INSTITUTE OF PREHISTORY Poznań 2010 ISBN 83-86094-07-9 (print:1999) ISBN 978-83-86094-15-8 (CD-ROM) ISSN 1231-0344 BETWEEN WEST AND EAST PEOPLE OF THE GLOBULAR AMPHORA CULTURE IN EASTERN EUROPE: 2950-2350 BC Marzena Szmyt Translated by John Comber and Piotr T. Żebrowski V O L U M E 8 • 2010 c Copyright by B-PS and Author All rights reserved Cover Design: Eugeniusz Skorwider Linguistic consultation: John Comber Prepared in Poland Computer typeset by PSO Sp. z o.o. w Poznaniu CONTENTS Editor’s Foreword5 Introduction7 I SPACE. Settlement of the Globular Amphora Culture on the Territory of Eastern Europe 16 I.1 Classification of sources . 16 I.2 Characteristics of complexes of Globular Amphora culture traits . 18 I.2.1 Complexes of class I . 18 I.2.2 Complexes of class II . 34 I.3 Range of complexes of Globular Amphora culture traits . 36 I.4 Spatial distinction between complexes of Globular Amphora culture traits. The eastern group and its indicators . 42 I.5 Spatial relations of the eastern and centralGlobular Amphora culture groups . -
Minoan Religion
MINOAN RELIGION Ritual, Image, and Symbol NANNO MARINATOS MINOAN RELIGION STUDIES IN COMPARATIVE RELIGION Frederick M. Denny, Editor The Holy Book in Comparative Perspective Arjuna in the Mahabharata: Edited by Frederick M. Denny and Where Krishna Is, There Is Victory Rodney L. Taylor By Ruth Cecily Katz Dr. Strangegod: Ethics, Wealth, and Salvation: On the Symbolic Meaning of Nuclear Weapons A Study in Buddhist Social Ethics By Ira Chernus Edited by Russell F. Sizemore and Donald K. Swearer Native American Religious Action: A Performance Approach to Religion By Ritual Criticism: Sam Gill Case Studies in Its Practice, Essays on Its Theory By Ronald L. Grimes The Confucian Way of Contemplation: Okada Takehiko and the Tradition of The Dragons of Tiananmen: Quiet-Sitting Beijing as a Sacred City By By Rodney L. Taylor Jeffrey F. Meyer Human Rights and the Conflict of Cultures: The Other Sides of Paradise: Western and Islamic Perspectives Explorations into the Religious Meanings on Religious Liberty of Domestic Space in Islam By David Little, John Kelsay, By Juan Eduardo Campo and Abdulaziz A. Sachedina Sacred Masks: Deceptions and Revelations By Henry Pernet The Munshidin of Egypt: Their World and Their Song The Third Disestablishment: By Earle H. Waugh Regional Difference in Religion and Personal Autonomy 77u' Buddhist Revival in Sri Lanka: By Phillip E. Hammond Religious Tradition, Reinterpretation and Response Minoan Religion: Ritual, Image, and Symbol By By George D. Bond Nanno Marinatos A History of the Jews of Arabia: From Ancient Times to Their Eclipse Under Islam By Gordon Darnell Newby MINOAN RELIGION Ritual, Image, and Symbol NANNO MARINATOS University of South Carolina Press Copyright © 1993 University of South Carolina Published in Columbia, South Carolina, by the University of South Carolina Press Manufactured in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Marinatos, Nanno. -
The Rehabilitation of Marija Gimbutas' Kurgan Theory, Recent Research Developments Content of This Article
The rehabilitation of Marija Gimbutas’ Kurgan theory, recent research developments This update is in English and not in Dutch because recent literature on the rehabilitation of Marija Gimbutas is in English. This text will be included in in the new edition of The Language of MA titled ‘The Language of MA revisited’, forthcoming in 2020. The abbreviation of this 2020 book is LOMA rev.; the abbr. of the 2013 edition is LOMA. Several Dutch articles on patriarchy and the transition from matriarchy to patriarchy can be found on my website www.anninevandermeer.nl under the button ‘Vaderland’ and subbutton ‘De invasies van steppevolkeren en het begin van het patriarchaat’ and ‘actuele visies op de overgang van moederland naar vaderland’. Content of this article: 1. The Kurgan-theory of Marija Gimbutas 2. The rehabilitation of Marija Gimbutas, recent interdisciplinary research 3. Colin Renfrew rehabilitating Marija Gimbutas’ Kurgan-theory 4. David Anthony: ‘Marija Gimbutas was right’… 5. Concluding remark 1. The Kurgan-theory of Marija Gimbutas Cultures in Old Europe: 6500 BC-4500 (left), 4000-3500 BC (middle), right 3500-3000 BC mapping the end of the Neolithic. The Kurgan-people, LOMA, 135. Marija Gimbutas described the culture of the steppe tribes or in her words the ‘Kurgan people’ as follows: ‘they have a herders' economy with rudimentary agriculture, coarse pottery with cord impressions and sun motifs, domestication of horses, warfare, metal weapons, worship of masculine sky gods, a patrilineal social system, and finally elite graves of important men’.1 These graves she called ‘kurgans; the Russian word for ‘grave in a hill’ is kurgan (they use another word for a ‘hill’); these burial mounds form ‘hills’ in the landscape. -
Connected Histories: the Dynamics of Bronze Age Interaction and Trade 1500–1100 BC
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 81, 2015, pp. 361–392 © The Prehistoric Society doi:10.1017/ppr.2015.17 Connected Histories: the Dynamics of Bronze Age Interaction and Trade 1500–1100 BC By KRISTIAN KRISTIANSEN1 and PAULINA SUCHOWSKA-DUCKE2 The Bronze Age was the first epoch in which societies became irreversibly linked in their co-dependence on ores and metallurgical skills that were unevenly distributed in geographical space. Access to these critical resources was secured not only via long-distance physical trade routes, making use of landscape features such as river networks, as well as built roads, but also by creating immaterial social networks, consisting of interpersonal relations and diplomatic alliances, established and maintained through the exchange of extraordinary objects (gifts). In this article, we reason about Bronze Age communication networks and apply the results of use-wear analysis to create robust indicators of the rise and fall of political and commercial networks. In conclusion, we discuss some of the historical forces behind the phenomena and processes observable in the archaeological record of the Bronze Age in Europe and beyond. Keywords: Bronze Age communication networks, agents, temperate Europe, Mediterranean Basin THE EUROPEAN BRONZE AGE AS A COMMUNICATION by small variations in ornaments and weapons NETWORK: HISTORICAL & THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK (Kristiansen 2014). Among the characteristics that might compel archaeo- Initially driven by the necessity to gain access to logists to label the Bronze Age a ‘formative epoch’ in remote resources and technological skills, Bronze Age European history, the density and extent of the era’s societies established communication links that ranged exchange and communication networks should per- from the Baltic to the Mediterranean and from haps be regarded as the most significant. -
The Shared Lexicon of Baltic, Slavic and Germanic
THE SHARED LEXICON OF BALTIC, SLAVIC AND GERMANIC VINCENT F. VAN DER HEIJDEN ******** Thesis for the Master Comparative Indo-European Linguistics under supervision of prof.dr. A.M. Lubotsky Universiteit Leiden, 2018 Table of contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Background topics 3 2.1. Non-lexical similarities between Baltic, Slavic and Germanic 3 2.2. The Prehistory of Balto-Slavic and Germanic 3 2.2.1. Northwestern Indo-European 3 2.2.2. The Origins of Baltic, Slavic and Germanic 4 2.3. Possible substrates in Balto-Slavic and Germanic 6 2.3.1. Hunter-gatherer languages 6 2.3.2. Neolithic languages 7 2.3.3. The Corded Ware culture 7 2.3.4. Temematic 7 2.3.5. Uralic 9 2.4. Recapitulation 9 3. The shared lexicon of Baltic, Slavic and Germanic 11 3.1. Forms that belong to the shared lexicon 11 3.1.1. Baltic-Slavic-Germanic forms 11 3.1.2. Baltic-Germanic forms 19 3.1.3. Slavic-Germanic forms 24 3.2. Forms that do not belong to the shared lexicon 27 3.2.1. Indo-European forms 27 3.2.2. Forms restricted to Europe 32 3.2.3. Possible Germanic borrowings into Baltic and Slavic 40 3.2.4. Uncertain forms and invalid comparisons 42 4. Analysis 48 4.1. Morphology of the forms 49 4.2. Semantics of the forms 49 4.2.1. Natural terms 49 4.2.2. Cultural terms 50 4.3. Origin of the forms 52 5. Conclusion 54 Abbreviations 56 Bibliography 57 1 1. -
The Higher Aspects of Greek Religion. Lectures Delivered at Oxford and In
BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME FROM THE SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND THE GIET OF Henirg m. Sage 1891 .A^^^ffM3. islm^lix.. 5931 CornelJ University Library BL 25.H621911 The higher aspects of Greek religion.Lec 3 1924 007 845 450 The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924007845450 THE HIBBERT LECTURES SECOND SERIES 1911 THE HIBBERT LECTURES SECOND SERIES THE HIGHER ASPECTS OF GREEK RELIGION LECTURES DELIVERED AT OXFORD AND IN LONDON IN APRIL AND MAY igii BY L. R. FARNELL, D.Litt. WILDE LECTURER IN THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD LONDON WILLIAMS AND NORGATE GARDEN, W.C. 14 HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT 1912 CONTENTS Lecture I GENERAL FEATURES AND ORIGINS OF GREEK RELIGION Greek religion mainly a social-political system, 1. In its earliest " period a " theistic creed, that is^ a worship of personal individual deities, ethical personalities rather than mere nature forces, 2. Anthrqgomorphism its predominant bias, 2-3. Yet preserving many primitive features of " animism " or " animatism," 3-5. Its progress gradual without violent break with its distant past, 5-6. The ele- ment of magic fused with the religion but not predominant, 6-7. Hellenism and Hellenic religion a blend of two ethnic strains, one North-Aryan, the other Mediterranean, mainly Minoan-Mycenaean, 7-9. Criteria by which we can distinguish the various influences of these two, 9-1 6. The value of Homeric evidence, 18-20. Sum- mary of results, 21-24. Lecture II THE RELIGIOUS BOND AND MORALITY OF THE FAMILY The earliest type of family in Hellenic society patrilinear, 25-27. -
Neolithic Farmers in Poland - a Study of Stable Isotopes in Human Bones and Teeth from Kichary Nowe in the South of Poland
Neolithic farmers in Poland - A study of stable isotopes in human bones and teeth from Kichary Nowe in the south of Poland Master thesis in archaeological science Archaeological Research Laboratory Stockholm University Supervisors: Kerstin Lidén and Gunilla Eriksson Author: Staffan Lundmark Cover photo: Mandible from the Kichary Nowe site, photo taken by the author Abstract: The diet of the Stone Age cultures is a strong indicator to the social group, thus farmers and hunters can be distinguished through their diet. There is well-preserved and well excavated Polish skeletal material available for such a study but the material has not previously been subject to stable isotopes analyses and therefore the questions of diets has not been answered. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of the cultures in the Kichary Nowe 2 area in the Lesser Poland district in southern Poland. Through analysis of the stable isotopes of Carbon, Nitrogen and Sulphur in the collagen of teeth and skeletal bones from the humans in the Kichary Nowe 2 grave-field and from bones from the fauna, coeval and from the same area, the study will establish whether there were any sharp changes of diets. The material from the grave-field comes from cultures with an established agricultural economy, where their cultural belonging has been anticipated from the burial context. The results from my study of stable isotopes from the bone material will be grouped by various parameters, culture, attribution to sex and age. The groups will then be compared to each other to investigate patterns within and between the groups. -
In Pursuit of the Goddess
In pursuit of the goddess How one woman defied the odds to restore the feminist principle Rita Repsiene 19 April 2010 Controversial in her day and not without opponents even now, she became a feminist icon and a hero of the post-religious twenty-first century. Lithuanian- American archeologist Marija Gimbutas (Lithuanian: Gimbutiene) revolutionized ideas of "Old Europe" and reinstated the Great Goddess in her rightful place before the onslaught of the Indo-European male ascendancy dethroned her and left women mere consorts and companions. Marija Gimbutas was the luckiest of scholars. She was the only twentieth-century scholar to have discovered and described an entire, unrecognized civilization. Vytautas Kavolis Most important, let us not cut off the bonds with the spiritual past of our nation. Marija Gimbutas One of the most renowned US archaeologists, Lithuanian-born Marija Alseikaite- Gimbutas (1921-94), created her own myth of extraordinariness. Like the goddess of light she describes in her work, she is acclaimed, respected, even adored. [1] Having opened the door to the archaeological past of “Old Europe”, she built a unique methodology for which she coined the term archaeomythological. She explored Baltic mythology in depth and, having revealed the merits of the matricentric – what she called “matristic” – culture became an icon of feminist ideology. In 1991, she received the Anisfield-Wolf prize for her book The Civilization of the Goddess: The World of Old Europe published in that year. The prize has been awarded in the United States since 1935 for the most outstanding research in the history of world culture. -
Flutes of the First European Farmers
Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, Serie A 120 453–470 Wien, 15 Jan. 2018 Flutes of the first European farmers Beate-Maria POMBERGER1, Nadezhda KOTOVA2 & Peter STADLER3 (with 8 figures and 3 tables) Manuscript submitted on June 22nd 2017, the revised manuscript on September 9th 2017. Abstract During the 6th millennium BC new cultures developed though new subsistence strategies like farming and cattle breeding – combined with sedentariness, new types of houses, new tools and vessels made of burnt clay. Musical instruments created after own imaginations were formed from clay. Fragments of six possible vessel flutes were discovered in Brunn am Gebirge/locality Wolfholz in site 2 and 3, which date 5670–5350 calBC respectively 5300–5250 calBC. Their shapes are cylindrical and subconical. On the front side, they show three finger holes, on the backside one. Reconstruction with suitable mouth pieces allow five tunes in the fourth and fifth octave with sound levels between 74–93 db. The ranges were calculated until maximal 62 m at surroundings sound level in the free field of 42 dB. Similar objects, interpreted as idols, were found in the Late Starčevo site of Gellénháza, Hungary, in Ovcharovo-gorata and Hotnitsa in Bul- garia. One ball shaped ocarina derives from Mramor in Makedonia. Longbones of birds were still used in creating musical instruments as the small bone whistle from Sesklo, Greece, Middle Ses- klo culture proves. Another fragment of a pipe with a finger hole was unearthed in Anzabegovo, Macedonia. The oldest pan pipe belonged to the grave good of a rich man’s burial in Mariupol, Ukraine, from the Lower Don culture. -
The Genomic Ancestry of the Scandinavian Battle Axe Culture People and Their Relation to the Broader Corded Ware Horizon
Malmström, H., Günther, T., Svensson, E. M., Juras, A., Fraser, M., Munters, A. R., Pospieszny, Ł., Tõrv, M., Lindström, J., Götherström, A., Storå, J., & Jakobsson, M. (2019). The genomic ancestry of the Scandinavian Battle Axe Culture people and their relation to the broader Corded Ware horizon. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 286(1912), [20191528]. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1528 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record License (if available): CC BY Link to published version (if available): 10.1098/rspb.2019.1528 Link to publication record in Explore Bristol Research PDF-document This is the final published version of the article (version of record). It first appeared online via The Royal Society at https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1528 . Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research General rights This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/red/research-policy/pure/user-guides/ebr-terms/ The genomic ancestry of the Scandinavian royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rspb Battle Axe Culture people and their relation to the broader Corded Ware horizon Research Helena Malmström1,2,†, Torsten Günther1,†, Emma M. Svensson1, Anna Juras3, Cite this article: Malmström H et al. 2019 Magdalena Fraser1,4, Arielle R. Munters1, Łukasz Pospieszny5,6, Mari Tõrv7, The genomic ancestry of the Scandinavian 8 9 10 Battle Axe Culture people and their relation to Jonathan Lindström , Anders Götherström , Jan Storå the broader Corded Ware horizon. -
Archaeopress Archaeology
Archaeopress Spring Catalogue 2016 www.archaeopress.com Welcome Welcome to the Spring 2016 edition of the Archaeopress catalogue. Archaeopress is an Oxford-based publisher run by archaeologists Dr David Davison and Dr Rajka Makjanic, the team which has been publishing archaeology titles since 1991. Across our range of imprints and journals we currently publish 6-9 new titles every month in print and e-formats covering all archaeological topics, all geographic locations and all time periods with dedicated series for specialist fields of study. A range of exclusive Open Access material is available directly from Archaeopress at www.archaeopress.com. Table of Contents Journals 1 Archaeopress Archaeology: Digital Subscription Service for Libraries and Institutions 2 Theory and Method 3 British Excavations 5 Prehistory: Britain & Ireland 6 Prehistory: Europe & World 7 Ancient Egypt 12 Ancient Near East 15 Greece & the Hellenistic World 17 Rome & the Roman Provinces 19 Late Antiquity / Byzantine 23 Anglo-Saxon & Medieval Britain & Ireland 25 Early Medieval / Medieval 26 Early Modern / Modern 28 Africa 29 Asia 29 The Americas 30 Biography & General Interest 31 Open Access 32 Seminar for Arabian Studies 33 3rdGuides 34 Potingair Press 35 Access Archaeology 36 Ordering Information 37 Publish with Archaeopress Archaeopress is devoted to publishing serious academic work on all aspects of world archaeology, quickly and efficiently. Across our range of imprints and journals the range of our publications includes monographs, conference proceedings, catalogues of archaeological material, excavation reports and archaeological biographies. We welcome proposals on the full spectrum of archaeological topics, all geographic locations and all time periods with dedicated series in specialist fields of study.Ongoing series currently include: Archaeopress Egyptology, Archaeopress Roman Archaeology, Archaeopress Pre-Columbian Archaeology, Roman & Late Antique Mediterranean Pottery, Archaeological Lives, Archaeolingua Central European Archaeological Heritage Series. -
Excellence Cluster 264 Topoi Research Area a – Posters On
Excellence Cluster 264 Topoi Research Area A – Posters on Research Activities 2007–2009 [1. February 2010] Impressum Posters on Research Activities 2007–2009 as of: 1. February 2010 edited by Excellence Cluster 264 Topoi represented by its Director Prof. Dr. Friederike Fless Administrative Offices: Topoi-Haus Dahlem Freie Universität zu Berlin Hittorfstraße 18 14195 Berlin Topoi-Haus Mitte Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Hannoversche Straße 6 10099 Berlin www.topoi.org Topoi is the joint responsibility of the Freie Universität Berlin and the Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Partner institutions are the Berlin Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, the German Archeological Institute, the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science and the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation. Furthermore Topoi is interlinked with several university institutes as well as other institutions. CONTENT RESEARCH AREA A: SPATIAL ENVIRONMENT AND CONCEPTUAL DESIGN A-I: Central Places and Their Environment Posters • A-I Central Places and Their Environment. Goals, Structure ............................................. 9 • A-I Central Places and Their Environment. Research Topics, Members, Major Topics ..... 10 • Seats of Residence as Central Places. Superordinate Questions and First Results .......... 11 • Seats of Residence as Central Places. Representative Projects .......................................... 12 • Sacral Places as Central Places. Temples, Mausoleum, Kurgans, Pyramids and Rock-cut Tombs ..................................................................................................................