Comparative Morphology and Evolution of the Asellote Isopod Crustaceans
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Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee
Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories Compiled by S. Oldfield Edited by D. Procter and L.V. Fleming ISBN: 1 86107 502 2 © Copyright Joint Nature Conservation Committee 1999 Illustrations and layout by Barry Larking Cover design Tracey Weeks Printed by CLE Citation. Procter, D., & Fleming, L.V., eds. 1999. Biodiversity: the UK Overseas Territories. Peterborough, Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Disclaimer: reference to legislation and convention texts in this document are correct to the best of our knowledge but must not be taken to infer definitive legal obligation. Cover photographs Front cover: Top right: Southern rockhopper penguin Eudyptes chrysocome chrysocome (Richard White/JNCC). The world’s largest concentrations of southern rockhopper penguin are found on the Falkland Islands. Centre left: Down Rope, Pitcairn Island, South Pacific (Deborah Procter/JNCC). The introduced rat population of Pitcairn Island has successfully been eradicated in a programme funded by the UK Government. Centre right: Male Anegada rock iguana Cyclura pinguis (Glen Gerber/FFI). The Anegada rock iguana has been the subject of a successful breeding and re-introduction programme funded by FCO and FFI in collaboration with the National Parks Trust of the British Virgin Islands. Back cover: Black-browed albatross Diomedea melanophris (Richard White/JNCC). Of the global breeding population of black-browed albatross, 80 % is found on the Falkland Islands and 10% on South Georgia. Background image on front and back cover: Shoal of fish (Charles Sheppard/Warwick -
Crustacea, Malacostraca)*
SCI. MAR., 63 (Supl. 1): 261-274 SCIENTIA MARINA 1999 MAGELLAN-ANTARCTIC: ECOSYSTEMS THAT DRIFTED APART. W.E. ARNTZ and C. RÍOS (eds.) On the origin and evolution of Antarctic Peracarida (Crustacea, Malacostraca)* ANGELIKA BRANDT Zoological Institute and Zoological Museum, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany Dedicated to Jürgen Sieg, who silently died in 1996. He inspired this research with his important account of the zoogeography of the Antarctic Tanaidacea. SUMMARY: The early separation of Gondwana and the subsequent isolation of Antarctica caused a long evolutionary his- tory of its fauna. Both, long environmental stability over millions of years and habitat heterogeneity, due to an abundance of sessile suspension feeders on the continental shelf, favoured evolutionary processes of “preadapted“ taxa, like for exam- ple the Peracarida. This taxon performs brood protection and this might be one of the most important reasons why it is very successful (i.e. abundant and diverse) in most terrestrial and aquatic environments, with some species even occupying deserts. The extinction of many decapod crustaceans in the Cenozoic might have allowed the Peracarida to find and use free ecological niches. Therefore the palaeogeographic, palaeoclimatologic, and palaeo-hydrographic changes since the Palaeocene (at least since about 60 Ma ago) and the evolutionary success of some peracarid taxa (e.g. Amphipoda, Isopo- da) led to the evolution of many endemic species in the Antarctic. Based on a phylogenetic analysis of the Antarctic Tanaidacea, Sieg (1988) demonstrated that the tanaid fauna of the Antarctic is mainly represented by phylogenetically younger taxa, and data from other crustacean taxa led Sieg (1988) to conclude that the recent Antarctic crustacean fauna must be comparatively young. -
Diversidad De Crustáceos Peracáridos (Amphipoda E Isopoda) En Aguas Subterráneas De Chile
Boletín Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa, nº 45 (2009) : 147−156. DIVERSIDAD DE CRUSTÁCEOS PERACÁRIDOS (AMPHIPODA E ISOPODA) EN AGUAS SUBTERRÁNEAS DE CHILE Jorge Pérez–Schultheiss Programa de Educación e Investigación Biológica & Ambiental (Programa–IBAM), Universidad de Los Lagos, Casilla 933, Osorno, Chile. Centro de Estudios en Biodiversidad (CEBCh), Avenida Diego Portales 901, Osorno, Chile ‒ [email protected] Resumen: Se da a conocer la diversidad de especies de peracáridos de aguas subterráneas de Chile y se entregan antecedentes taxonómicos, de hábitats y distribución de cada una de ellas. Previamente se han descrito solo dos especies de anfípodos, de las familias Ingolfiellidae y Bogidiellidae sensu lato; sin embargo, nuevas prospecciones han mostrado la presencia de dos especies de anfípodos pertenecientes a las familias Eusiridae y Paraleptamphopidae y la primera especie de isópodo, perteneciente a la familia Protojaniridae, todas las cuales corresponden a nuevas especies y géneros aún no descritos. De igual forma se comenta brevemente acerca de la biogeografía e importancia de esta fauna para el manejo de recursos hídricos subterráneos. Palabras clave: Crustacea, Peracarida, Amphipoda, Isopoda, aguas subterráneas, diversidad, Chile. Diversity of peracarid crustaceans (Amphipoda and Isopoda) in groundwaters of Chile Abstract: An account is given of groundwater peracarid diversity of Chile with information on the taxonomy, habitats and distribution of each of them. Up to now only two amphipods, of the families Ingolfiellidae and Bogidiellidae sensu lato, have been described; nevertheless, new explorations have shown the presence of two species of amphipods belonging to the families Eusiridae and Pa- raleptamphopidae and the first isopod, belonging to the family Protojaniridae, all undescribed species and genera. -
A New Species of Munna Kr0yer from Nigeria (Crustacea: Isopoda: Munnidae)
PROC. BIOL. SOC. WASH. 93(1), 1980, pp. 136-140 A NEW SPECIES OF MUNNA KR0YER FROM NIGERIA (CRUSTACEA: ISOPODA: MUNNIDAE) Abstract.-A new species of marine isopod, Munna powelli, is described from a mangrove creek in Nigeria, west Africa. The subgenera of Munna are discussed, and the unsatisfactory state of the taxonomy of Munna is commented on. Possible criteria for subgeneric separation are suggested. Amongst some crustaceans submitted for identification to the Smithsonian Institution by Mr. C. B. Powell of the University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, were several small munnids. These proved to be an undescribed species of Munna. As the shallow-water intertidal and mangrove fauna of west Africa is poorly known, it was thought useful to describe the species. Suborder ASELLOT A Family Munnidae Munna powelli, new species Figs. 1,2 Description.-Body widest at pereonites 3 and 4. Integument with diffuse red-brown pigmentation, forming denser blotches middorsally. Anterior margin of cephalon broadly convex; shallow curved impression running across cephalon anterior to eyes. Coxae visible on pereonites 2-7, latter each with shallow transverse dorsal groove. Pereonite 3 widest and longest. Pleon consisting of single anterior segment lacking free lateral margins, plus globose pleotelson; margin between uropods broadly convex. Antennule of 2 broad basal segments followed by 2 shorter and narrower segments and 2 slender more elongate articles; single aesthetasc on terminal segment. Antennal peduncle of 3 short basal segments followed by 2 more elongate segments, fourth segment almost five-eighths length of fifth; fla- gellum equal in length to peduncle, of 14 articles. Mandible lacking palp; incisor of 3 cusps; lacinia present unilaterally, distally expanded into 4 teeth; spine row of 3 or 4 fringed spines; molar process stout, distally truncate with rounded tubercles on margin of grinding surface. -
Guide to the Marine Isopod Crustaceans of the Caribbean
Guide to the MARINE ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS of the Caribbean H H h Guide to the MARINE ISOPOD CRUSTACEANS of the Caribbean Brian Kensley and Marilyn Schotte SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION PRESS WASHINGTON, D.C., AND LONDON — — © 1989 by the Smithsonian Institution All rights reserved Designer: Linda McKnight Editor: Nancy Dutro Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PubHcation Data Kensley, Brian Frederick. Guide to the marine isopod crustaceans of the Caribbean / Brian Kensley and Marilyn Schotte. p. cm. Bibliography: p. Includes index. ISBN 0-87474-724-4 (alk. paper) 1. Isopoda— Caribbean Sea Classification. 2. Crustacea—Caribbean Sea Classification. I. Schotte, Marilyn. II. Title. QL444.M34K434 1989 595.3'7209153'35—dcl9 88-38647 CIP British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data available Manufactured in the United States of America 10 98765432 1 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 91 90 89 00 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Performance of Paper for Printed Library Materials Z39.48-1984 Contents 1 Introduction 1 HISTORIC BACKGROUND 3 GEOGRAPHIC AREA COVERED IN THIS GUIDE 4 ARRANGEMENT OF THE GUIDE AND HOW TO USE IT 5 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 7 Glossary of Technical Terms 13 Marine Isopods of the Caribbean 13 ORDER ISOPODA 15 SUBORDER ANTHURIDEA 73 SUBORDER ASELLOTA 107 SUBORDER EPICARIDEA 114 SUBORDER FLABELLIFERA 236 SUBORDER GNATHIIDEA 243 SUBORDER MICROCERBERIDEA 246 SUBORDER ONISCIDEA 251 SUBORDER VALVIFERA 261 Zoogeography 261 FAUNAE PROVINCES 262 ANALYSIS OF THE ISOPOD FAUNA 266 THE BAHAMAS 269 BERMUDA 269 CAVE ISOPODS 275 Appendix 277 Literature Cited 293 Index Introduction The title of this work will no doubt raise several questions in many readers' minds: why the Caribbean? why not the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico? why only the marine isopods? just what is the "Caribbean area"? We hope that the answers to some of these (and other) questions will become apparent. -
Ecology and Systematics of a New Species of Uromunna (Crustacea: Isopoda) from Spanish Eelgrass Beds
Helgol Mar Res (2014) 68:329–339 DOI 10.1007/s10152-014-0393-4 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Ecology and systematics of a new species of Uromunna (Crustacea: Isopoda) from Spanish eelgrass beds Patricia Esquete • George D. F. Wilson • Jesu´s S. Troncoso Received: 5 November 2013 / Revised: 20 March 2014 / Accepted: 24 March 2014 / Published online: 9 April 2014 Ó Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg and AWI 2014 Abstract Uromunna naherba sp. nov. is described from substrate and shelter to many taxonomic groups (Fredette eelgrass beds (Zostera marina and Z. noltii) of the NW et al. 1990; Bostro¨m and Mattila 1999; Hasegawa et al. Iberian Peninsula. This is the second species of the genus 2008). Recent sampling of peracarid crustaceans in Spanish reported from the NE Atlantic, after U. petiti. The new seagrass habitats (Esquete et al. 2011) found several spe- species was more abundant on rhizomes than on the leaves cies of the asellotan isopod family Munnidae. Species of of the plants. Seasonal samples show that ovigerous Munnidae have been described or reported in eelgrasses, females are present throughout the year, but become more such as Uromunna brevicornis (Thomson, 1946) (Poore abundant in late spring and summer, when adult males 1984), Uromunna peterseni (Pires, 1985), Uromunna rey- decrease in frequency. Ovigerous females appear in only noldsi (Frankenberg and Menzies, 1966) (Kensley et al. one size class. Owing to the yearly productivity cycle of 1995). In ecological studies, munnids are often mentioned the eelgrasses, these data suggest that the species is se- only to generic level, owing to a lack of adequate identi- melparous and completes its lifecycle within 1 year. -
Guide to Common Tidal Marsh Invertebrates of the Northeastern
- J Mississippi Alabama Sea Grant Consortium MASGP - 79 - 004 Guide to Common Tidal Marsh Invertebrates of the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico by Richard W. Heard University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 and Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, MS 39564* Illustrations by Linda B. Lutz This work is a result of research sponsored in part by the U.S. Department of Commerce, NOAA, Office of Sea Grant, under Grant Nos. 04-S-MOl-92, NA79AA-D-00049, and NASIAA-D-00050, by the Mississippi-Alabama Sea Gram Consortium, by the University of South Alabama, by the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, and by the Marine Environmental Sciences Consortium. The U.S. Government is authorized to produce and distribute reprints for govern mental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation that may appear hereon. • Present address. This Handbook is dedicated to WILL HOLMES friend and gentleman Copyright© 1982 by Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium and R. W. Heard All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without permission from the author. CONTENTS PREFACE . ....... .... ......... .... Family Mysidae. .. .. .. .. .. 27 Order Tanaidacea (Tanaids) . ..... .. 28 INTRODUCTION ........................ Family Paratanaidae.. .. .. .. 29 SALTMARSH INVERTEBRATES. .. .. .. 3 Family Apseudidae . .. .. .. .. 30 Order Cumacea. .. .. .. .. 30 Phylum Cnidaria (=Coelenterata) .. .. .. .. 3 Family Nannasticidae. .. .. 31 Class Anthozoa. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3 Order Isopoda (Isopods) . .. .. .. 32 Family Edwardsiidae . .. .. .. .. 3 Family Anthuridae (Anthurids) . .. 32 Phylum Annelida (Annelids) . .. .. .. .. .. 3 Family Sphaeromidae (Sphaeromids) 32 Class Oligochaeta (Oligochaetes). .. .. .. 3 Family Munnidae . .. .. .. .. 34 Class Hirudinea (Leeches) . .. .. .. 4 Family Asellidae . .. .. .. .. 34 Class Polychaeta (polychaetes).. .. .. .. .. 4 Family Bopyridae . .. .. .. .. 35 Family Nereidae (Nereids). .. .. .. .. 4 Order Amphipoda (Amphipods) . ... 36 Family Pilargiidae (pilargiids). .. .. .. .. 6 Family Hyalidae . -
New Zealand and Australian Ilyarachninae (Isopoda : Asellota : Munnopsidae) and Their Worldwide Relationships
NEW ZEALAND AND SOUTH-EAST AUSTRALIAN ILYARACHNINAE (ISOPODA: ASELLOTA: MUNNOPSIDAE) AND THEIR WORLDWIDE RELATIONSHIPS A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology in the University of Canterbury by Kelly L. Merrin University of Canterbury 2007 “It was certainly not a very pleasant work to be dabbling with naked hands in the water with the temperature down to -5 Fahr. But when our fingers tingle the most and are stiff and numbed with cold, we have this to comfort us, that we are suffering for the cause of science, and that many zoologists are waiting for the results we shall bring back and thank us accordingly.” Nicolai Hanson, May 10th 1899, Zoologist with the Southern Cross. To all those who have collected and sorted the material which I have worked with in this study, thank-you. ii Table of Contents List of figures ………………………………………………………………......vi List of tables …………………………………………………………………..viii List of appendices ……………………………………………………………...ix Abstract ………………………………………………………………………....x Acknowledgements ……………………………………………………………xii Chapter 1: General Introduction ……………………………………………...1 1.1 Introduction to the family Munnopsidae …………….……………..1 1.2 Morphology of the family Munnopsidae …………….……………..2 1.3 Introduction to the subfamily Ilyarachninae ….….………….……...4 1.4 Aims ………. ……………………………………………………….6 Chapter 2: A phylogenetic revision of the family Munnopsidae …………….8 2.1 Phylogenetic review ………………………………………………..8 2.1.1 A summary of past methods used in constructing asellote phylogenies -
Noaa 13648 DS1.Pdf
r LOAI<CO Qpy N Guide to Gammon Tidal IVlarsh Invertebrates of the Northeastern Gulf of IVlexico by Richard W. Heard UniversityofSouth Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 and CiulfCoast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, MS39564" Illustrations by rimed:tul""'"' ' "=tel' ""'Oo' OR" Iindu B. I utz URt,i',"::.:l'.'.;,',-'-.,":,':::.';..-'",r;»:.",'> i;."<l'IPUS Is,i<'<i":-' "l;~:», li I lb~'ab2 Thisv,ork isa resultofreseaich sponsored inpart by the U.S. Department ofCommerce, NOAA, Office ofSea Grant, underGrani Nos. 04 8 Mol 92,NA79AA D 00049,and NA81AA D 00050, bythe Mississippi Alabama SeaGrant Consortium, byche University ofSouth Alabama, bythe Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, andby the Marine EnvironmentalSciences Consortium. TheU.S. Government isauthorized toproduce anddistribute reprints forgovern- inentalpurposes notwithstanding anycopyright notation that may appear hereon. *Preseitt address. This Handbook is dedicated to WILL HOLMES friend and gentleman Copyright! 1982by Mississippi hlabama SeaGrant Consortium and R. W. Heard All rightsreserved. No part of thisbook may be reproduced in any manner without permissionfrom the author. Printed by Reinbold Lithographing& PrintingCo., BooneviBe,MS 38829. CONTENTS 27 PREFACE FamilyMysidae OrderTanaidacea Tanaids!,....... 28 INTRODUCTION FamilyParatanaidae........, .. 29 30 SALTMARSH INVERTEBRATES ., FamilyApseudidae,......,... Order Cumacea 30 PhylumCnidaria =Coelenterata!......, . FamilyNannasticidae......,... 31 32 Class Anthozoa OrderIsopoda Isopods! 32 Fainily Edwardsiidae. FamilyAnthuridae -
Anew Genus of Aquatic Cave-Dwelling Isopod from Namibia
A new genus of aquatic cave-dwelling isopod from Namibia (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellota) Brian Kensley Depanment of Invenebrate Zoology, National Museum of aroral History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560 A new genus Namibianira, represented by four new species, N. aigamasensis, N. dracohalitus, N. arnhemensis, and N. aikabensis is diagnosed. The new genus is intermediate between Protojanira and Protojaniroides and is characterized by the possession of ambulatory first pereopods, and a reduced molar process of the mandible. The new species are the first record of cavernicolous freshwater isopods 'from Namibia. describe them, given that they occupy a taxonomically intriguing position and that A survey of the invertebrate fauna of Namibian stygobiont asellotes were previously unknown caves by Dr. J. Irish and Mr. E. Marais of the from Namibia. State Museum, Windhoek, yielded blind aquatic asellote isopods from four limestone caves in Type material is deposited in the State Museum, central and northern Namibia. Descriptions of Windhoek, amibia (SMN); a few paratypes of two of these caves, Drachenhauchloch (Dragon's N. arnhemensis and N. aikabensis have been Breath Cave) and Aigamas Cave, may be deposited in the National Museum of Natural obtained from Sefton et al. (986). The former History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, contains an under-ground lake over 200 m long D.C. (USNM). and up to 150 m wide, and not less than 40 m SYSTEMATICS deep. The water of Aigamas Cave contains a species of blind fish, Clarias cavernicola. SUPERFAMILY GNATHOSTENETROIDOIDEA Arnhem Cave, the longest yet known in Namibia, Kussakin, 1967 contains five pools all about 5 x 8 m in extent, FAMILY PROTOJANIRIDAE Fresi, Idato, & and less than 1 m deep, inhabited by amongst Scipione, 1980 others, ingolfiellid amphipods (T. -
Historical Influences on Deep-Sea Isopod Diversity in The
H is t o r ic a l I n f l u e n c e s O n D e e p -S e a I s o p o d D iv e r s it y In T h e A t l a n t ic O c e a n George D.F. Wilson ([email protected] ) Centre for Evolutionary Research, Australian Museum Sydney, Australia Abstract — Most isopod crustaceans in the North Atlantic deep sea belong to the suborder Asellota. In contrast, South Atlantic isopod faunas have a significant component of flabelliferan isopods, a phylogenetic clade that contains suborders derived evolutionarily later than the Asellota. The flab el lifer ans decrease in diversity from shallow water to deep water and on a south-to-north latitudinal gradient. Although many asellote families are endemic to the deep sea, none of the flabelliferan families appear to have evolved in the abyss. Recent colonisations of the deep sea, which may have been limited to the southern hemisphere by oceanographic conditions, have significant consequences for observed regional diversities of some taxa. Instability in oceanographic conditions owing to glaciation and benthic storms may have further limited benthic species richness of the North Atlantic deep-sea benthos. 1 INTRODUCTION Renewed interest in deep-sea species richness has stimulated new contributions on global diversity (e.g. Gage and Tyler, 1991; Grassle, 1991; Grassle and Maciolek, 1992; May, 1992; Poore & Wilson, 1993; see Gage, 1996 for a recent review) and latitudinal trends (Rex et al., 1993, in press). Questions about how such diverse assemblages can exist on an ecological time scale (Gage, 1996) may overlook the source of the diversity. -
Title Munnidae from Japan (Crustacea : Isopoda : Asellota) Author(S) Shimomura, Michitaka; Mawatari, Shunsuke F. Citation PUBLIC
Title Munnidae from Japan (Crustacea : Isopoda : Asellota) Author(s) Shimomura, Michitaka; Mawatari, Shunsuke F. PUBLICATIONS OF THE SETO MARINE BIOLOGICAL Citation LABORATORY (2001), 39(2-3): 45-73 Issue Date 2001-03-31 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/176302 Right Type Departmental Bulletin Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University Pub!. Seto Mar. Bioi. Lab., 39 (2/3): 45-73, 200 l 45 Munnidae from Japan (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellota) MICHIT AKA SHIMOMURA and SHUNSUKE F. MAW AT ARI Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan. Abstract Six species of Munna including two new to science and a species of Uromunna in Munnidae (Isopoda, Asellota) are reported from Japanese waters. Munna bispina sp. nov. is distinctive in having a pair of marked long robust sensory setae on frontal margin of the head, a long robust sensory seta on anterior margin of the eyestalk, and very long and slender antenna 2. Munna japonica sp. nov. lacks conspicuous dorsal and lateral setae both on pereon and pleon as in M. limicola G. 0. Sars, 1866, M. subneglecta Gurjanova, 1936, M. tenuipes Kussakin, 1962, M. chilensis Menzies, 1962, M. lundae Menzies, 1962 and M. hovelli Poore, 1984, but distinguished from them in having the character combination of the pereopod I without sexual dimorphism, the pleopod I with a pair of distolaterally directed, long projections, and big pear-shaped pleotelson. Munna avatshensis Gurjanova, 1936, previously reported from the east coasts of Russia, were recorded from Japan for the first time. Munna stephenseni Gurjanova, 1933, M. tenuipes Kussakin, 1962 and Uromunna serricauda MUller, 1992 were redescribed in detail based on the Japanese materials newly collected.