DOCSLIB.ORG

Gg the CONTEXT and RECEPTION HISTORY OF

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Gg the CONTEXT and RECEPTION HISTORY OF THE CONTEXT AND RECEPTION HISTORY OF THE ILLUMINATIONS IN NICHOLAS OF LYRA’S POSTILLA LITTERALIS SUPER TOTAM BIBLIAM: FIFTEENTH-CENTURY CASE STUDIES by Sarah Emily Bromberg B.A., Brandeis University, 1995 M. A., Tufts University, 1999 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2012 gg UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH KENNETH P. DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Sarah Emily Bromberg It was defended on April 30, 2012 and approved by Ann Sutherland Harris, Professor, History of Art & Architecture Adam Shear, Associate Professor, Religious Studies Bruce L. Venarde, Associate Professor, History Ryan McDermott, Assistant Professor, English Dissertation Advisor: M. Alison Stones, Professor, History of Art & Architecture ii Copyright © by Sarah Emily Bromberg 2012 iii THE CONTEXT AND RECEPTION HISTORY OF THE ILLUMINATIONS IN NICHOLAS OF LYRA’S POSTILLA LITTERALIS SUPER TOTAM BIBLIAM: FIFTEENTH-CENTURY CASE STUDIES Sarah Emily Bromberg, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2012 ABSTRACT This dissertation traces the reception history of the Latin biblical commentary, the Postilla litteralis super totam bibliam (c.1333), originally written and illustrated by Nicholas of Lyra (1270-1349) in Paris. The Postilla was one of the most frequently copied texts during the later Middle Ages and Renaissance in Western and Central Europe, as evidenced by the approximately seven hundred extant manuscripts. The Postilla’s astounding popularity is often attributed to its thorough treatment of a fundamental issue in Christian thought: how to validate the authority and utility of Jewish exegetical traditions while asserting the truth of Christianity. Lyra compared Jewish and Christian biblical commentaries more comprehensively than any other previous Christian commentator and was the only scholar who designed diagrams to augment these comparisons. These comparative illustrations depicted Old Testament temple structures and their ritual objects. My study of this manuscript tradition reveals that Lyra’s original images were dramatically altered in fifteenth-century copies, indicating that the reasons for the Postilla’s vast transmission had changed. My dissertation begins with an analysis of several early fourteenth- century French Postilla manuscripts to demonstrate how that they were prepared for scholarly audiences. I then present in-depth case studies of three fifteenth-century Postilla manuscripts that display startling ruptures in the Postilla tradition. I have chosen three luxurious copies produced iv and owned in Italy, Portugal, France and the Burgundian Netherlands. I utilize these particular manuscripts to document that fifteenth-century Postilla manuscript imagery camouflaged, obscured or even erased Nicholas of Lyra’s study of Jewish exegesis as well as his presentation of the differences between Jewish and Christian exegesis; the appearance of deviations in imagery is complicated by the fact that the text sometimes replicated Lyra’s original scholarly format whereas the picture diverged from the original. These case studies demonstrate that Postilla manuscripts were valued not only for their intellectual content, but also as status symbols, emblems of political power, luxury items, aesthetic objects and signifiers of piety. I also reveal how the text and imagery of Postilla manuscripts advances our knowledge regarding changes in Christian usage of Jewish biblical scholarship in the late middle ages. v TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE .................................................................................................................................. XII NOTE TO READER.................................................................................................................. XV 1.0 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1 1.1 LYRA: BIOGRAPHY AND WORK ................................................................. 9 1.2 PREVIOUS SCHOLARSHIP ON NICHOLAS OF LYRA’S POSTILLA ... 11 1.3 ICONOGRAPHIC PRECEDENTS AND PARALLELS FOR LYRA’S FIGURAE ............................................................................................................................ 15 2.0 CHAPTER TWO: FOURTEETH-CENTURY POSTILLA MANUSCRIPTS .... 22 2.1 EARLIEST POSTILLA MANUSCRIPTS AND THE EVIDENCE FOR THEIR DATES ................................................................................................................... 23 2.1.1 Paris, Bibliothèque Mazarine MS 169 ........................................................... 24 2.1.2 Reims BM MS 171-2 ....................................................................................... 25 2.1.3 Charleville-Mézières BM MS 267, volumes I-VIII ....................................... 26 2.1.4 Princeton Art Museum MS y1937-266 .......................................................... 27 2.2 EVIDENCE FOR HOW THE EARLY POSTILLA WERE USED OR INTENDED TO BE USED BY A SCHOLARLY AUDIENCE ..................................... 29 2.2.1 Paris, Bibliothèque Mazarine MS 169 ........................................................... 29 vi 2.2.2 Princeton Art Museum MS y1937-266 .......................................................... 30 2.3 EARLY POSTILLA FIGURAE FOR SCHOLARLY UNDERSTANDING OF THE SENSUS LITTERALIS ....................................................................................... 32 2.3.1 Ground Plans of Tabernacle ......................................................................... 32 2.3.2 Ground Plan of Temple of Solomon ............................................................ 34 2.4 EARLY POSTILLA FIGURAE AS VISUAL DEVICES TO ELUCIDATE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HEBREW AND LATIN COMMENTARY ................... 37 2.4.1 Figurae: External Attachments to Solomon’s Temple ............................... 37 2.5 CONSISTENCY IN THE REPRESENTATION OF LYRA’S FIGURA ..... 40 2.5.1 Figurae: External Attachments to Solomon’s Temple ............................... 40 2.5.2 Consistency in other figurae ......................................................................... 45 2.6 LYRA’S COMMENTS ON HIS OWN FIGURAE......................................... 47 2.6.1 Role of memory in viewing figurae .............................................................. 48 2.6.2 Figurae visually replicate Lyra’s textual commentary .............................. 49 2.6.3 Lyra’s intentions to integrate figurae and text on manuscript page ......... 51 2.6.4 Lyra’s directions for viewing figurae: Tabernacle ..................................... 52 3.0 CHAPTER THREE: KING MANUEL I OF PORTUGAL’S POSTILLA ........... 57 3.1 BACKGROUND AND PREVIOUS SCHOLARSHIP................................... 59 3.2 AN UNUSUAL EXEMPLAR: INFLUENCE OF A VENETIAN POSTILLA INCUNABULUM ON THE LISBON POSTILLA ........................................................... 69 3.2.1 Figurae in the Lisbon Postilla ....................................................................... 70 3.2.2 Analysis of Lisbon Postilla figurae within Postilla tradition ...................... 71 vii 3.3 ERASING LYRA’S INTEREST IN JEWISH COMMENTARY IN THE LISBON POSTILLA ........................................................................................................... 75 3.3.1 Example of erasure: Attachments to exterior walls of Solomon’s Temple… ..................................................................................................................... 75 3.3.2 Sources of erasure: Patterns of Corruption in Postilla Tradition ............. 78 3.3.3 Total Erasure: Missing Figurae in the Lisbon Postilla .............................. 81 3.4 EFFECT OF PATRONAGE: HOW THE UNIQUE QUALITIES OF THE LISBON POSTILLA EXPRESS KING MANUEL’S INTERESTS .............................. 82 3.4.1 Contract for Lisbon Postilla’s Production................................................... 82 3.4.2 Visualizing Foreign Art and Architecture in the Lisbon Postilla .............. 83 3.4.3 Visualizing Portuguese Power in the Lisbon Postilla ................................. 87 3.4.4 Christianization in the Lisbon Postilla ........................................................ 89 3.5 TEXTUAL LAYOUT OF LISBON POSTILLA ............................................. 92 3.6 OTHER MANUSCRIPTS AND PRINTED BOOKS OWNED BY KING MANUEL I OF PORTUGAL ............................................................................................ 96 3.7 GALEOTTO MANFREDI’S LUXURY POSTILLA .................................... 101 4.0 CHAPTER FOUR: TOURS BM MS 52 ................................................................ 108 4.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 108 4.2 CIRCUMSTANCES OF PRODUCTION ..................................................... 109 4.3 FIGURAE IN TOURS BM MS 52 .................................................................. 110 4.4 NARRATIVE IMAGE VS. FIGURAE: QUANTITY .................................. 115 4.5 NARRATIVE IMAGES: VERNACULAR ................................................... 118 viii 4.6 PRECEDENT FOR VERNACULAR FRENCH TEXT THAT ACCOMPANIES NARRATIVE ILLUSTRATIONS IN TOURS BM MS 52 ............ 120 4.7 NARRATIVE IMAGES FOR VISUAL PLEASURE AND LUXURY ...... 123 4.8 CHRISTIANIZING ELEMENTS OF NARRATIVE IMAGES IN TOURS BM MS 52 AND OTHER POSTILLA MANUSCRIPTS ................................................. 126 5.0 CHAPTER FIVE:
Load more

Recommended publications
  • DEEANA COPELAND KLEPPER Boston University 145 Bay State Road Boston, Massachusetts 02215 (617) 358-0186 [email protected] EDUCATIO
    DEEANA COPELAND KLEPPER Boston University 145 Bay State Road Boston, Massachusetts 02215 (617) 358-0186 [email protected] EDUCATION: Ph.D., Northwestern University (History), 1995 M.A., Northwestern University (History), 1988 B.A., Northland College, Ashland, Wisconsin (Broadfield Social Science Education /Native American Studies), 1983 EMPLOYMENT: Associate Professor of Religion. Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, September 2007 – Department Chair 2008-2012. Associate Professor of History. Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, January 1, 2009- Assistant Professor of Religion. Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, 2000 –2007 Visiting Assistant Professor of History. Williams College, Williamstown, Massachusetts, February 1999- June 2000 PUBLICATIONS: Books: The Insight of Unbelievers: Nicholas of Lyra and Christian Reading of Jewish Text in the Later Middle Ages. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007. Articles and Essays: “Pastoral Literature in Local Context: Albert of Diessen’s Mirror of Priests on Christian-Jewish Co- existence,” Speculum. In press: forthcoming, 2017. “Theories of Interpretation," New Cambridge History of the Bible, Vol 3 1450-1750, Euan Cameron, ed. Cambridge University Press. In press: forthcoming 2016. “Historicizing Allegory: The Jew as Hagar in Medieval Christian Text and Image,” Church History: Studies in Christianity and Culture. June, 2015, 308-344. “The Encounter Between Christian Authority and Jewish Authority over Scriptural Truth: The Barcelona Disputation 1263,” Autorität und Wahrheit. Kirchliche Vorstellungen, Normen und Verfahren (13. – 15. Jahrhundert), Gian Luca Potestà, ed., Schriften des Historischen Kollegs, 2012, 1-19. “Literal versus Carnal: George of Siena’s Christian Reading of Jewish Exegesis,” Jewish Biblical Interpretation and Cultural Exchange: Comparative Exegesis in Context, ed. David Stern and Natalie Dohrmann. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2008, 196-213.
    [Show full text]
  • O Arquivo Pessoal De Irene Quilhó Dos Santos Anexos
    UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA FACULDADE DE BELAS-ARTES O ARQUIVO PESSOAL DE IRENE QUILHÓ DOS SANTOS Tratamento documental ANEXOS Melissa Nogueira de Queiroz Trabalho de Projeto Mestrado em Museologia e Museografia Trabalho de Projeto orientado pelo Prof. Doutor Eduardo Duarte 2019 Anexo 1 - Folha de registo do X-Arq Anexo 2 –Registo completo no X-Arq Web de um documento simples Exemplo representado no quadro de classificação Anexo 3 – Disponibilização pública através do X-Arq Web Anexo 4 – Acondicionamento dos documentos. Capilhas Câmara Municipal de Cascais PT/CMC-CRSIQS/IQ/A/001/003 Subentidade CRSIQS Casa Reynaldo dos Santos/Irene Quilhó dos Santos detentora Fundo IQ Irene Quilhó dos Santos Secção A Biografia Série 001 Documentos Pessoais Subsérie 003 Assentos e Certidões Nº Inv 001 Data 1933 - 2004 Nº documentos 8 Âmbito e conteúdo Anexo 5 – Arquivo Pessoal de Irene Quilhó dos Santos: Inventários Recortes de Imprensa Série 001 Data de Estado de Nº Inv. Título Autor Jornal Páginas Nº folhas Assunto / Observações Dimensões Descritores publicação Conservação Celebração do matrimónio entre Cândido Augusto de Abreu Santos e D. Maria Irene Virote. Indicação de que a noiva era filha do soldado da República José de Souza Virote e também mãe de Irene Virote Quilhó. Virote, Maria Irene; Santos, Cândido Augusto RI-001 "Casamento" Jornal República 1912-02-08 3 1 Destaque num trecho do respetivo artigo através de caneta Mau 57,5 x 41,3 cm de Abreu; Casamento esferográfica azul e verifica-se o seguinte apontamento manuscrito: “Jornal do dia 8-2-1912 (dia seguinte ao meu casamento, casei-me em 7-2-1912)”.
    [Show full text]
  • Dois Arquivos Científicos Existentes Na Casa Reynaldo Dos Santos Irene Quilhó Dos Santos, Município De Cascais
    Título da comunicação: Dois arquivos científicos existentes na Casa Reynaldo dos Santos Irene Quilhó dos Santos, Município de Cascais. Resumo: Pretende-se, com esta comunicação, dar a conhecer dois Arquivos Científicos que integram a Casa Reynaldo dos Santos Irene Quilhó dos Santos, na Parede, doada por Irene Quilhó ao Município de Cascais. O Arquivo pessoal do Prof. Reynaldo dos Santos reveste-se de grande importância para a história da medicina em Portugal, nomeadamente no que toca à Urologia e Arteriografia, à reestruturação dos serviços médicos e hospitalares e ao ensino da medicina em Portugal. Os seus apontamentos de trabalho, aliados às fichas de doentes, a correspondência com outros cientistas nacionais e internacionais, complementam a área clínica e docente, revestindo este espólio de importante valor para a compreensão e contextualização da medicina e da vida social e cultural na primeira metade do século XX português. Reynaldo dos Santos, 1880-1970, após a licenciatura em medicina estagiou em Paris em 1903 e, em 1905, fez um périplo nos EUA onde visitou clínicas em Boston, Chicago, Rochester, Baltimore, Filadélfia e Nova Iorque e criou laços de amizade com Alexis Carrel, Harvey Cushing, Rudolph Matas, entre outros. Concluiu o doutoramento em 1906 e iniciou a docência na Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa. Em 1910 preparou um Curso Livre de Urologia no Hospital do Desterro, onde introduziu a urorritmografia. Nos vários estágios realizados entre 1909 e 1914, passou por Berlim, Kummel, Veneza, Viena de Áustria, Londres, Hamburgo, Bremen, Bona e Bruxelas, países que mais tarde o homenagearam com as mais altas condecorações. Pertenceu ao CEP (Corpo Expedicionário Português) na 1ª Grande Guerra onde desempenhou missões do Governo junto dos exércitos aliados, foi membro do Comité Interaliado para o estudo da Cirurgia de Guerra e consultor de cirurgia do CEP.
    [Show full text]
  • Antonio Possevino and Jesuits of Jewish Ancestry John Donnelly Marquette University, [email protected]
    Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette History Faculty Research and Publications History, Department of 1-1-1986 Antonio Possevino and Jesuits of Jewish Ancestry John Donnelly Marquette University, [email protected] Published version. Archivum Historicum Societatis Iesu. Volume LV. (1986): 3-31. Publisher URL: http://www.sjweb.info/curiafrgen/archives.cfm. © 1986 Institutum Historicum Societatis Iesu. Used with permission. COMMENTARII HIS.TORICI ANTONIO POSSEVINO AND JESUITS OF JEWISH ANCESTRY JOHN PATRICK DONNELLY, S.J. - Marquette University, Milwaukee*. I. POSSEVINO'S PROBABLE JEWISH ANCESTRY Contrary to the attitudes of many Spaniards, indeed of many Christians of his time, Ignatius of Loyola was entirely without racial anti-Semitism. His desire to be conformed to Christ in the tiniest details even led him to regret he was not born of Jewish blood. During its formative era, unlike many reli­ gious orders of the sixteenth century, the Society of Jesus welcomed Chris­ tians of Jewish descent into its ranks. As is well known, some of Loyola's closest collaborators were of Jewish descent, for instance, Diego Lainez and l Juan Polanco . Many other Jesuits of Jewish descent made notable con­ 2 tributions, particularly in the foreign missions • It has not been noticed by scholars that Antonio Possevino (1533-1611), a famous figure in the second generation of Jesuit history, was probably born of Jewish Christian ancestry3. His probable Jewish descent seell1S to have affected his later Jesuit career at various stages. His autobiography, which was written for publication but remains in manuscript, says nothing about any Jewish background. He relates that his grandfather and his father mi­ grated from Piedmont to Milan, then after its capture by the Spaniards * The author wishes to thank Marquette University and the Gladys Krieble Delmas Founda­ tion for grants that made the archival research on this article possible.
    [Show full text]
  • Nicholas of Lyra (And Paul of Burgos) on the Pauline Epistles
    NICHOLAS OF LYRA (AND PAUL OF BURGOS) ON THE PAULINE EPISTLES Ian Christopher Levy Nicholas of Lyra was one of the most skilled and productive of the late medieval commentators on the Pauline Epistles, drawing together as he did significant strands of the tradition. Born in Normandy c. 1270, he entered the Franciscan Order in 1300. His most famous work was a com- mentary on the entire Bible known as the Postilla Litteralis begun in 1322 and completed by 1331. Popular as his work certainly was over the next two hundred years, Lyra did face some tough criticism. Many printed editions of his work circulated with corrective remarks in the form of the Additiones ad Postillas Nicolai Lyrani by Paul of Burgos (d. 1435), a converted rabbi who criticized Lyra’s use of Hebraic sources as well as Lyra’s reading of Thomas Aquinas. Yet fellow Franciscan Matthias Döring of Thuringia (d. 1469) came to Lyra’s aid when he countered Paul’s criti- cisms with his own Defensarium Nicolai Lyrani seu Replicationes contra Paulum Burgenssem.1 Paul of Burgos was right in detecting Lyra’s debt to Aquinas. Although Lyra’s Postilla was not intended to be a work of systematic theology, he did call upon Thomas’s Summa Theologiae to assist his biblical exege- sis. Lyra followed Thomas on the question of the Law as outlined in the Summa but, as Paul of Burgos pointed out, he would alter Aquinas when summarizing him in the Postilla, thereby simplifying his predecessor’s more complicated theological explanations. None of this is to say that Lyra was a mere disciple of Thomas.
    [Show full text]
  • Sources for the History of Art Museums in Portugal» Final Report
    PROJETHA Projects of the Institute of Art History Sources for the History of Art Museums in Portugal [PTDC/EAT-MUS/101463/2008 ] Final Report PROJETHA_Projects of the Institute of Art History [online publication] N.º 1 | «Sources for the History of Art Museums in Portugal» _ Final Report Editorial Coordination | Raquel Henriques da Silva, Joana Baião, Leonor Oliveira Translation | Isabel Brison Institut of Art History – Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa | 2013 PROJETHA_ Projects of the Institute of Art History SOURCES FOR THE HISTORY OF ART MUSEUMS IN PORTUGAL CONTENTS Mentioned institutions - proposed translations _5 PRESENTATION | Raquel Henriques da Silva _8 I. PARTNERSHIPS The partners: statements Instituto dos Museus e da Conservação | João Brigola _13 Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga | António Filipe Pimentel _14 Art Library of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation | Ana Paula Gordo _15 II . THE TASKS TASK 1. The origins of the Galeria Nacional de Pintura The origins of the Galeria Nacional de Pintura | Hugo Xavier _17 TASK 2. MNAA’s historical archives database, 1870-1962 The project “Sources…” at the Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga | Celina Bastos e Luís Montalvão _24 Report of the work undertaken at the Archive of the Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga. Research Fellowship | Andreia Novo e Ema Ramalheira _27 TASK 3. Exhibitions in the photographic collection of MNAA . The Photographic Archive at the Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga. A historical sketch | Hugo d’Araújo _35 TASK 4. Inventory and study of the “Arrolamentos” of the Royal Palaces of Necessidades and Ajuda. The project “Sources…” at the Palácio Nacional da Ajuda | PNA _52 Report of the work undertaken at the Palácio Nacional da Ajuda.
    [Show full text]
  • Portuguese Azulejos and Other National Arts Azulejos Portugueses E Outras Artes Nacionais
    8 ART IS ON edição especial special issue n.º 8 2018 PORTUGUESE AZULEJOS AND OTHER NATIONAL ARTS AZULEJOS PORTUGUESES E OUTRAS ARTES NACIONAIS Nuno Rosmaninho Universidade de Aveiro [email protected] ABSTRACT In this article I intend to link the identity appropriation of the azulejo to a source common to most artistic discourse in the nineteenth and twenty-first centuries. I am convinced the national assumptions concerning the azulejo followed six phases which I have linked to different identity mutations that could be summarized as unceasing historicist approaches, which are characterological and long-term. Historicism prevailed until the end of the nineteenth century. A passion for characterological principles followed, which was conveyed by Reynaldo dos Santos with unsurpassable strength. However, when the Estado Novo’s identity pattern started to decline, art historians focused on researching unchanged structures. First, traces of Portuguese originality, though ephemeral, were sought after. Second, researchers attempted to show that the azulejo is an expression of Portuguese sensibility which, with its ups and downs, remained throughout the centuries. Third, by inventorying and analysing, they tried to integrate the azulejo in the structural attributes of Portuguese art. KEYWORDS Narratives of identity l Periodisation l Characterology l Traditionalism RESUMO No presente artigo procuro integrar as apropriações identitárias do azulejo numa deriva comum à generalidade dos discursos artísticos nos séculos XIX a XXI. Estou persuadido de que as ilações nacionais do azulejo seguiram as seis fases em que divido as mutações identitárias, e que poderia resumir em sucessivas apreensões historicistas, caracterológicas e de longa duração. O historicismo preponderou até final do século XIX.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Heritage and Politics As Seen by Portuguese Artists1
    ARTÍCULOS Arte, Individuo y Sociedad ISSN: 1131-5598 https://dx.doi.org/10.5209/aris.65451 Views of an Iberian identity in the post-war world: Cultural heritage and politics as seen by Portuguese artists1 Leonor de Oliveira2 Recibido: 4 de septiembre de 2019 / Aceptado: 2 de febrero de 2020 Abstract. Portugal and Spain never shared such a distinctive place in recent European history than in the post-war period. Despite the end of the Second World War and the Nazi-fascist defeat, the Iberian dictators, Salazar in Portugal and Franco in Spain, managed to retain their power. This article analyses the creative and theoretical responses of Portuguese artists to the political situation in the Iberian Peninsula taking into particular consideration their approaches to an Iberian identity. It argues that Paula Rego, Barto dos Santos and Ana Hatherly carried out a reinterpretation of cultural and artistic heritage, iconographic memories and historical narratives and, as a result, formulated alternative views of the past and the present that opposed the Iberian dictatorships’ discourses of a glorious, imperialistic legacy that legitimated their ruling. By proposing to look at the references to Spain in Portuguese artists’ work, this article evidences how Portuguese artists sympathized with the political troubles also endured by the Spanish people and singles out a perception of shared cultural traditions between Spain and Portugal. Finally, this article also emphasizes experimental practices and a deliberate eclectic appropriation and reconfiguration of contemporary or historical references that ultimately shaped attitudes of political resistance. Keywords: Censorship; cultural identity; creative experimentalism; Iberian Peninsula; totalitarianism. [es] Perspectivas de una identidad ibérica durante la posguerra: Patrimonio cultural y política desde el punto de vista de artistas portugueses Resumen.
    [Show full text]
  • Humanism and Hebraism: Christian Scholars and Hebrew Sources in the Renaissance
    Humanism and Hebraism: Christian Scholars and Hebrew Sources in the Renaissance Kathryn Christine Puzzanghera Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Prerequisite for Honors in Religion April 2016 © 2016 Kathryn C. Puzzanghera, All Rights Reserved This thesis is dedicated to the glory of God Who gave us reason, creativity, and curiosity, that they might be used AND To the mixed Protestant-Catholic family I was born into, and the Jewish family we chose Table of Contents Chapter I: Christian Humanist Hebraism in Context .................................... 1 Christian Thought and Biblical Exegesis ......................................................................... 8 Jewish-Christian Dialogue and Anti-Semitism .............................................................. 17 Scholastics and Humanists in dialogue .......................................................................... 29 Christian Hebraists: Medieval Exegetes, Renaissance Humanists, and Protestant Reformers ....................................................................................................................... 43 Renaissance Hebraists: Nicholas of Lyra, Johannes Reuchlin, and Philip Melanchthon ........................................................................................................................................ 55 Chapter II: Nicholas of Lyra ...........................................................................58 Nicholas in Dialogue: Influences and Critiques ............................................................. 71 Nicholas’s
    [Show full text]
  • Conference Program 2018
    CONFERENCE PROGRAM 2018 Rationale This conference situates Luther’s interpretation of the Bible, particularly the Old Testament, in the late medieval context of Christian-Jewish relations. Topics include: Christian learning of Hebrew, access to medieval rabbinic interpretations, and Christian biblical reading practices that involve anti-Jewish polemics. SUNDAY, MARCH 25 MURRAY ROOM, YAWKEY CENTER 10:00-10:15 AM Welcome and Introduction 10:15 AM-12:30 PM PANEL 1 Moderated by Christine Helmer (Boston College) 10:15-11:00 AM Deeana Klepper (Boston University) Reading Nicholas of Lyra in a German Landscape: The Reception of Lyra’s Exegetical Work in Context 11:00-11:45 AM Hans-Martin Kirn (Protestant Theological University Amsterdam/Groningen) The Concept of “Jewish Servitude” and its Ambiguities in Late Medieval Contexts: The Case of J. Pfefferkorn and J. Reuchlin 11:45 AM-12:30 PM G. Sujin Pak (Duke Divinity School) Anti-Judaism in Luther’s Exegesis of Old Testament Prophecy 12:30-1:30 PM LUNCH 1:30-4:30 PM: PANEL 2 Moderated by James Bernauer, S.J. (Boston College) 1:30-2:15 PM Yaacov Deutsch (David Yellin College, Israel) Christian Hebraism in the Late Middle Ages (1400-1520) 2:15-3:00 PM Volker Leppin (University of Tübingen) The Use of Jewish Exegesis in the Christian Late Middle Ages, Humanism and Luther: The Example of the Psalms 3:00-3:15 PM BREAK 3:15-4:00 PM Sarah Bromberg (University of Massachusetts/Lowell) From Manuscript to Print in Jewish and Christian Biblical Commentary: Visual Imagery in Copies of Nicholas of Lyra’s Postilla
    [Show full text]
  • The Latin Talmud and Its Place in Medieval Anti-Jewish Polemic Documents 13
    The Latin Talmud and its Place in Medieval Anti-Jewish Polemic Documents 13 The Latin Talmud and its Place in Medieval Anti-Jewish Polemic * Alexander Fidora (ICREA and Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) Abstract After sketching Christian attitudes towards the Talmud from the ninth century on- wards, this chapter presents the Extractiones de Talmud, i.e. the Latin translation of almost two thousand passages from the Oral Torah prepared in Paris in the year 1244/45. It describes some of the challenges in editing this fundamental text, such as the fact that its manuscript tradition offers at least two versions, namely a translation that follows the sequence of the Talmudic tractates and a second one that rearranges this material according to subjects of controversy. A historical and philological analy- sis of these two versions suggests that the second one emulates and re-enacts Nicholas Donin’s thirty-five articles against the Talmud from the year 1238-39. The Talmudic corpus developed in the same period and context as early Christiani- ty, and though there are not many explicit mentions of Christianity in the Talmud, there are clear intimations of polemic and rulings designed to differentiate and create barriers between Jews and Christians. Yet, it was not until the Middle Ages that Christians started showing interest in the Talmud,1 one of the first Christian figures to address the Talmud being the ninth-century Carolingian bishop Agobard of Lyon, who mentions it in a letter he wrote to the emperor, Louis the Pious.2 The first to engage more intensively with the Talmud was the early-twelfth-cen- tury convert Petrus Alphonsi, who in a very popular work (Dialogus contra Iudaeos) justifies his conversion by vilifying his old faith, Judaism, along with Islam.
    [Show full text]
  • History, Nation and Politics: the Middle Ages in Modern Portugal (1890-1947)
    History, Nation and Politics: the Middle Ages in Modern Portugal (1890-1947) Pedro Alexandre Guerreiro Martins Tese de Doutoramento em História Contemporânea Nome Completo do Autor Maio de 2016 Tese apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Doutor em História Contemporânea, realizada sob a orientação científica do Professor Doutor José Manuel Viegas Neves e do Professor Doutor Valentin Groebner (Kultur- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät – Universität Luzern) Apoio financeiro da FCT (Bolsa de Doutoramento com a referência SFRH/BD/80398/2011) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS In the more than four years of research and writing for this dissertation, there were several people and institutions that helped me both on a professional and personal level and without which this project could not have been accomplished. First of all, I would like to thank my two supervisors, Dr. José Neves and Dr. Valentin Groebner. Their support in the writing of the dissertation project and in the discussion of the several parts and versions of the text was essential to the completion of this task. A special acknowledgment to Dr. Groebner and to the staff of the University of Lucerne, for their courtesy in receiving me in Switzerland and support in all scientific and administrative requirements. Secondly, I would like to express my gratitude to all professors and researchers who, both in Portugal and abroad, gave me advice and references which were invaluable for this dissertation. I especially thank the assistance provided by professors Maria de Lurdes Rosa, Bernardo Vasconcelos e Sousa (FCSH-UNL) and David Matthews (Uni- versity of Manchester), whose knowledge of medieval history and of the uses of the Middle Ages was very important in the early stages of my project.
    [Show full text]