DOCSLIB.ORG

3D-Integrated Metasurfaces for Full-Colour Holography Yueqiang Hu 1, Xuhao Luo1, Yiqin Chen1, Qing Liu1,Xinli1,Yasiwang1,Naliu2 and Huigao Duan1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
3D-Integrated Metasurfaces for Full-Colour Holography Yueqiang Hu 1, Xuhao Luo1, Yiqin Chen1, Qing Liu1,Xinli1,Yasiwang1,Naliu2 and Huigao Duan1 Hu et al. Light: Science & Applications (2019) 8:86 Official journal of the CIOMP 2047-7538 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-019-0198-y www.nature.com/lsa ARTICLE Open Access 3D-Integrated metasurfaces for full-colour holography Yueqiang Hu 1, Xuhao Luo1, Yiqin Chen1, Qing Liu1,XinLi1,YasiWang1,NaLiu2 and Huigao Duan1 Abstract Metasurfaces enable the design of optical elements by engineering the wavefront of light at the subwavelength scale. Due to their ultrathin and compact characteristics, metasurfaces possess great potential to integrate multiple functions in optoelectronic systems for optical device miniaturisation. However, current research based on multiplexing in the 2D plane has not fully utilised the capabilities of metasurfaces for multi-tasking applications. Here, we demonstrate a 3D-integrated metasurface device by stacking a hologram metasurface on a monolithic Fabry–Pérot cavity-based colour filter microarray to simultaneously achieve low-crosstalk, polarisation-independent, high-efficiency, full-colour holography, and microprint. The dual functions of the device outline a novel scheme for data recording, security encryption, colour displays, and information processing. Our 3D integration concept can be extended to achieve multi-tasking flat optical systems by including a variety of functional metasurface layers, such as polarizers, metalenses, and others. Introduction dimensional (3D) integration of discrete metasurfaces. For 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; 1234567890():,; Metasurfaces open a new paradigm to design optical example, anisotropic structures or interleaved subarrays elements by shaping the wavefront of electromagnetic have been specifically arranged in a 2D plane to obtain – waves by tailoring the size, shape, and arrangement of multiplexed devices10,16 18. To reduce crosstalk, plas- – subwavelength structures1 3. A variety of metasurface- monic effects19,20, Pancharatnam–Berry phase (PB phase) – based devices, such as lenses4 8, polarisation converters9, conversion efficiency selectivity10,18, multiple angle off- – holograms10 12, and orbital angular momentum (OAM) axis illumination16, and chromatic aberration21 have been – generators13 15, have been demonstrated. The perfor- demonstrated. However, shortcomings such as the low mance of metasurface-based devices can even surpass that efficiency of plasmonic nanostructures, incidence polar- of conventional refractive elements because more isation requirements, large crosstalk, extra angle freedom, extreme, arbitrary, and multiplexing wavefronts can be and complexity of readout of the Fresnel hologram result modulated in subwavelength pixels. in degraded performance for multi-wavelength and Among the various advantages of metasurface-based broadband optical devices. In addition, 2D multifunction devices, the most fascinating property is their capability to integration has the bottlenecks of limited design freedom achieve flat and ultrathin optical elements, which offers a due to space constraints. Compared to 2D integration, 3D great opportunity to realise compact optical devices with stacking of metasurface-based devices with different multiple functions via two-dimensional (2D) and three- functions in the vertical direction can combine the advantages of each device, reduce the processing difficulty of each device, increase design freedom, and generate new Correspondence: Huigao Duan ([email protected]) 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle features to improve the integration of optical devices and Body, College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan University, achieve compact multifunctional devices. ’ 410082 Changsha, People s Republic of China Vertically stacked metasurfaces for potential 3D- 2Kirchhoff Institute for Physics, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 227, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany integrated optical devices have attracted much attention. These authors contributed equally: Yueqiang Hu, Xuhao Luo © The Author(s) 2019 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a linktotheCreativeCommons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Hu et al. Light: Science & Applications (2019) 8:86 Page 2 of 9 Various devices, such as wavelength multiplexed len- for 3D integration and represents substantial progress in ses22,23, monochromatic aberration correctors24,25, and exploring the irreplaceable applications of metasurfaces. retroreflectors26, have been demonstrated. Among them, The concept of 3D-integrated metasurfaces could be the wavelength-multiplexed lens has been achieved by extendable by stacking more metasurfaces, such as stacking a couple of monochromatic lenses with multiple polarizers and metalenses, in the vertical direction to form overlay fabrication processes. Its principle is essentially other multifunctional ultrathin optical systems. the same as that of the interleaved subarrays in the 2D plane, but this device allows for the utilisation of com- Results paratively simple structures in each lens, thus enabling Design and fabrication of a 3D-integrated full-colour more freedom of design and a wider process window in metasurface fabrication. The monochromatic aberrations corrector Figure 1 illustrates the schematic diagram of the 3D- and retroreflector, obtained by combining two meta- integrated metasurface that is composed of microscale surfaces with different functionalities, can achieve a more stepwise structures and a hologram metasurface for full- complicated function, which is similar to the concept of a colour holography. The microscale stepwise structures compound lens in current optical systems but greatly consist of an array of metal/dielectric/metal Fabry–Pérot reduces the size of the device. These examples have (MDMFP) cavity resonators, which act as colour filters, demonstrated the advantages of ultrathin and flat meta- with varied dielectric thicknesses. MDMFP colour filters surfaces for 3D stacking and show great potential for are proven to have high transmission efficiency, wide future compact optics applications. However, most of the colour gamut, and narrow spectral linewidth compared to – current research has focused on 3D integration of meta- that of plasmonic colour filters28 30. The hologram lenses and has not fully utilised the capabilities of meta- metasurface is composed of isotropic dielectric nanos- surfaces for multi-tasking applications. Very recently, an tructures, which can manipulate the propagation phase of attempt has been made to achieve holographic colour light at the subwavelength scale and generate high-quality prints based on 3D-printed stacked microscale diffractive far-field hologram images. As Fig. 1b shows, when the optics and nanostructured colour filters27, but this device is illuminated by RGB lasers, the lasers only go approach suffers from a small field-of-view (FOV), mul- through the filters with their closest resonance wave- tiple diffraction orders, low data density, relatively large lengths and subsequently shine on the hologram meta- crosstalk, and limited fabrication accuracy, leading to a surface, generating three independent far-field great challenge for full-colour holography applications. monochromatic greyscale hologram images. By carefully In this work, we demonstrate using 3D integration of mixing RGB channels, a full-colour hologram image can metasurfaces to realise full-colour holography by stacking be achieved. The metasurface is carefully designed to form a monolithic colour filter microarray and hologram a projection at the desired wavelength and encode the metasurface. Such an integrated device provides a possible holographic information on the specifically arranged solution to solve the bottleneck problems (e.g., large colour filters, including the colour microprint informa- crosstalk, small FOV, extra angle freedom, and strict tion. Compared to existing metasurface-based colour polarisation requirements) of full-colour holography. holography using the wavelength multiplexing concept Simultaneously, the function of microprints enabled by a with plasmonic and PB phase-based nanostructures, the monolithic colour filter microarray are still maintained for current design of integrating a colour filter microarray various multifunction applications. A colour microprint with a hologram metasurface has several advantages. First, image is observed when the device is illuminated by white the FP cavity colour filters and the dielectric metasurface light, while a full-colour hologram image can be projected ensure higher transmission and diffraction efficiency for into the far field under red (R), green (G), and blue (B) far-field holography than those of transmissive plasmonic laser illumination by mixing three independent greyscale holography. Second, due to the narrower resonances of FP hologram images. Compared to the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Comparison Between Digital Fresnel Holography and Digital Image-Plane Holography: the Role of the Imaging Aperture M
    Comparison between Digital Fresnel Holography and Digital Image-Plane Holography: The Role of the Imaging Aperture M. Karray, Pierre Slangen, Pascal Picart To cite this version: M. Karray, Pierre Slangen, Pascal Picart. Comparison between Digital Fresnel Holography and Digital Image-Plane Holography: The Role of the Imaging Aperture. Experimental Mechanics, Society for Experimental Mechanics, 2012, 52 (9), pp.1275-1286. 10.1007/s11340-012-9604-6. hal-02012133 HAL Id: hal-02012133 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02012133 Submitted on 26 Feb 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Comparison between Digital Fresnel Holography and Digital Image-Plane Holography: The Role of the Imaging Aperture M. Karray & P. Slangen & P. Picart Abstract Optical techniques are now broadly used in the experimental analysis. Particularly, a theoretical analysis field of experimental mechanics. The main advantages are of the influence of the aperture and lens in the case of they are non intrusive and no contact. Moreover optical image-plane holography is proposed. Optimal filtering techniques lead to full spatial resolution displacement maps and image recovering conditions are thus established. enabling the computing of mechanical value also in high Experimental results show the appropriateness of the spatial resolution.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Holography Using a Laser Pointer and Consumer Digital Camera Report Date: June 22Nd, 2004
    Digital Holography using a Laser Pointer and Consumer Digital Camera Report date: June 22nd, 2004 by David Garber, M.E. undergraduate, Johns Hopkins University, [email protected] Available online at http://pegasus.me.jhu.edu/~lefd/shc/LPholo/lphindex.htm Acknowledgements Faculty sponsor: Prof. Joseph Katz, [email protected] Project idea and direction: Dr. Edwin Malkiel, [email protected] Digital holography reconstruction: Jian Sheng, [email protected] Abstract The point of this project was to examine the feasibility of low-cost holography. Can viable holograms be recorded using an ordinary diode laser pointer and a consumer digital camera? How much does it cost? What are the major difficulties? I set up an in-line holographic system and recorded both still images and movies using a $600 Fujifilm Finepix S602Z digital camera and a $10 laser pointer by Lazerpro. Reconstruction of the stills shows clearly that successful holograms can be created with a low-cost optical setup. The movies did not reconstruct, due to compression and very low image resolution. Garber 2 Theoretical Background What is a hologram? The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines a hologram as, “a three-dimensional image reproduced from a pattern of interference produced by a split coherent beam of radiation (as a laser).” Holograms can produce a three-dimensional image, but it is more helpful for our purposes to think of a hologram as a photograph that can be refocused at any depth. So while a photograph taken of two people standing far apart would have one in focus and one blurry, a hologram taken of the same scene could be reconstructed to bring either person into focus.
    [Show full text]
  • Scanning Camera for Continuous-Wave Acoustic Holography
    Scanning Camera for Continuous-Wave Acoustic Holography Hillary W. Gao, Kimberly I. Mishra, Annemarie Winters, Sidney Wolin, and David G. Griera) Department of Physics and Center for Soft Matter Research, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA (Dated: 7 August 2018) 1 We present a system for measuring the amplitude and phase profiles of the pressure 2 field of a harmonic acoustic wave with the goal of reconstructing the volumetric sound 3 field. Unlike optical holograms that cannot be reconstructed exactly because of the 4 inverse problem, acoustic holograms are completely specified in the recording plane. 5 We demonstrate volumetric reconstructions of simple arrangements of objects using 6 the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction integral, and introduce a technique to analyze 7 the dynamic properties of insonated objects. a)[email protected] 1 Scanning Holographic Camera 8 Most technologies for acoustic imaging use the temporal and spectral characteristics of 1 9 acoustic pulses to map interfaces between distinct phases. This is the basis for sonar , and 2 10 medical and industrial ultrasonography . Imaging continuous-wave sound fields is useful for 3 11 industrial and environmental noise analysis, particularly for source localization . Substan- 12 tially less attention has been paid to visualizing the amplitude and phase profiles of sound 13 fields for their own sakes, with most effort being focused on visualizing the near-field acous- 14 tic radiation emitted by localized sources, a technique known as near-field acoustic holog- 4{6 15 raphy (NAH) . The advent of acoustic manipulation in holographically structured sound 7{11 16 fields creates a need for effective sound-field visualization.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Refocusing with Incoherent Holography
    Digital Refocusing with Incoherent Holography Oliver Cossairt Nathan Matsuda Northwestern University Northwestern University Evanston, IL Evanston, IL [email protected] [email protected] Mohit Gupta Columbia University New York, NY [email protected] Abstract ‘adding’ and ‘subtracting’ blur to the point spread functions (PSF) of different scene points, depending on their depth. In Light field cameras allow us to digitally refocus a pho- a conventional 2D image, while it is possible to add blur to tograph after the time of capture. However, recording a a scene point’s PSF, it is not possible to subtract or remove light field requires either a significant loss in spatial res- blur without introducing artifacts in the image. This is be- olution [10, 20, 9] or a large number of images to be cap- cause 2D imaging is an inherently lossy process; the angular tured [11]. In this paper, we propose incoherent hologra- information in the 4D light field is lost in a 2D image. Thus, phy for digital refocusing without loss of spatial resolution typically, if digital refocusing is desired, 4D light fields are from only 3 captured images. The main idea is to cap- captured. Unfortunately, light field cameras sacrifice spa- ture 2D coherent holograms of the scene instead of the 4D tial resolution in order to capture the angular information. light fields. The key properties of coherent light propagation The loss in resolution can be significant, up to 1-2 orders are that the coherent spread function (hologram of a single of magnitude. While there have been attempts to improve point source) encodes scene depths and has a broadband resolution by using compressive sensing techniques [14], spatial frequency response.
    [Show full text]
  • State-Of-The-Art in Holography and Auto-Stereoscopic Displays
    State-of-the-art in holography and auto-stereoscopic displays Daniel Jönsson <Ersätt med egen bild> 2019-05-13 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 3 Auto-stereoscopic displays ........................................................................................................................... 5 Two-View Autostereoscopic Displays ....................................................................................................... 5 Multi-view Autostereoscopic Displays ...................................................................................................... 7 Light Field Displays .................................................................................................................................. 10 Market ......................................................................................................................................................... 14 Display panels ......................................................................................................................................... 14 AR ............................................................................................................................................................ 14 Application Fields ........................................................................................................................................ 15 Companies .................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Full-Color See-Through Three-Dimensional Display Method Based on Volume Holography
    sensors Article Full-Color See-Through Three-Dimensional Display Method Based on Volume Holography Taihui Wu 1,2 , Jianshe Ma 2, Chengchen Wang 1,2, Haibei Wang 2 and Ping Su 2,* 1 Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; [email protected] (T.W.); [email protected] (C.W.) 2 Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (H.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: We propose a full-color see-through three-dimensional (3D) display method based on volume holography. This method is based on real object interference, avoiding the device limitation of spatial light modulator (SLM). The volume holography has a slim and compact structure, which realizes 3D display through one single layer of photopolymer. We analyzed the recording mechanism of volume holographic gratings, diffraction characteristics, and influencing factors of refractive index modulation through Kogelnik’s coupled-wave theory and the monomer diffusion model of photopolymer. We built a multiplexing full-color reflective volume holographic recording optical system and conducted simultaneous exposure experiment. Under the illumination of white light, full-color 3D image can be reconstructed. Experimental results show that the average diffraction efficiency is about 53%, and the grating fringe pitch is less than 0.3 µm. The reconstructed image of volume holography has high diffraction efficiency, high resolution, strong stereo perception, and large observing angle, which provides a technical reference for augmented reality. Citation: Wu, T.; Ma, J.; Wang, C.; Keywords: holographic display; volume holography; photopolymer; augmented reality Wang, H.; Su, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Fourier Transform Holography Single Shot Imaging on a Photon Budget
    Fourier Transform Holography Single Shot Imaging on a Photon Budget Bill Schlotter Applied Physics, Stanford University Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory SLAC The General Idea • Lensless imaging with soft x-rays • Fourier transform holography • High spatial resolution • Full field Outline • Motivation and the phase problem • Fourier Transform Holography (FTH) • Experimental Instruments • Capabilities of FTH for stroboscopic imaging – Improve image quality – Extend the field of view – Record multiple image with a single pulse – Extend the dynamic range of detection Synchrotron Light Sources BESSY SSRL at SLAC Berlin, Germany Menlo Park, California Undulator Tunable light source: Soft x-rays: Energy E=100eV – 1000 eV Polarization λ =12.4 nm – 1.2 nm Tunable light source: Energy Polarization Full Field X-ray Microscopy – Real Space Imaging Transmission X-ray Microscopy Magnetic Worm Domain Pattern State of the art resolution is 20-40nm Progress in the Ultrafast and Ultrasmall No ultrafast probe of structure on the nanoscale • No ultrafast probes of structure on the nanoscale Single Shot Imaging to study: Non Periodic Structures Ultrafast dynamics on relevant length scales Ultrafast Lensless Imaging Systems in their “natural” state Linac Coherent Light Source 1013 coherent soft x-ray photons per pulse FEL 4th Generation Light Sources: FLASH (soft x-ray 2007) LCLS (hard x-ray 2009) Single Shot Image Requires: Full field microscopy Coherent x-ray compatibility High peak brightness Ability to cope with high power load Some Requirements for Frontier Experiments: High resolution with large field of view Weak scattering system with poor contrast Minimal beam induced sample perturbation At grade in RSY Partially e c Coherent a p Light Source s z # Spatial Filter " = Pinhole T 2 $ d Spectral Filter ) & ) # Grating *L = ($ ! ! 2 $ ') ! Monochrometer % " e Coherent c a Light p s A.
    [Show full text]
  • Holographic Projector for Commercial Advertisement
    ISSN (e): 2250 – 3005 || Volume, 09 || Issue, 8 || August – 2019 || International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) Holographic Projector for Commercial Advertisement 1 2 3 Arkaprabha Lodh , Soumik Paul , Sayan Acharya 1UG Student, Department of Computer Science Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Management, Salt Lake- 700091, Kolkata,India. 2UG Student, Department of Computer Science Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Management, Salt Lake-700091, Kolkata, India 3UG Student, Department of Computer Science Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Management, Salt Lake-700091, Kolkata, India Corresponding Author: Arkaprabha Lodh ABSTRACT: Till date there is very less applications of holograms. Because holographic projection is still in research topic. Our project is based on a holographic projector which takes an input image and store the output in Holographic Versatile Disc(HVD) and project the image as holograms. We will use this projector for commercial advertisement in replacement of hoarding banner. Advantage of any holographic projector is that it will be seen from anywhere around. It is also cost effective as it is also one time investment as we only have to store new image in HVD. This image can be replaced many time as we want and this process will also take less power supply. One holographic projector will be equivalent to 4 hoarding banners. KEYWORDS: Holographic Projector, Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------- Date of Submission:17-08-2019 Date of Acceptance: 31-08-2019 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------- I. INTRODUCTION In recent years holography is a current emerging technology in the field of science, specially in physics. Many country are researching on this topic. Holography can be one ofthe most important topic in commercial business for advertisement.
    [Show full text]
  • Holography and Its Potential Within Acts of Visual Documentation
    arts Article When the Image Takes over the Real: Holography and Its Potential within Acts of Visual Documentation Angela Bartram School of Arts, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK; [email protected] Received: 25 November 2019; Accepted: 10 February 2020; Published: 15 February 2020 Abstract: In Camera Lucida, Roland Barthes discusses the capacity of the photographic image to represent “flat death”. Documentation of an event, happening, or time is traditionally reliant on the photographic to determine its ephemeral existence and to secure its legacy within history. However, the traditional photographic document is often unsuitable to capture the real essence and experience of the artwork in situ. The hologram, with its potential to offer a three-dimensional viewpoint, suggests a desirable solution. However, there are issues concerning how this type of photographic document successfully functions within an art context. Attitudes to methods necessary for artistic production, and holography’s place within the process, are responsible for this problem. The seductive qualities of holography may be attributable to any failure that ensues, but, if used precisely, the process can be effective to create a document for ephemeral art. The failures and successes of the hologram to be reliable as a document of experience are discussed in this article, together with a suggestion of how it might undergo a transformation and reactivation to become an artwork itself. Keywords: ephemeral; document; documentation; Bartram; hologram; holography; artwork 1. Documenting Ephemeral Art: Flat Death and Being There Ephemeral art, such as performance or live art, requires documentation to prove its existence beyond the moment of its happening.
    [Show full text]
  • Holography.Pdf
    PhysFest Holography Holography (from the Greek, holos whole + graphe writing) is the science of producing holograms, an advanced form of photography that allows an image to be recorded in three dimensions. Overview Holography was invented in 1947 by Hungarian physicist Dennis Gabor (1900-1979), for which he received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1971. The discovery was a chance result of research into improving electron microscopes at the British Thomson-Houston Company, but the field did not really advance until the invention of the laser in 1960. Various different types of hologram can be made. One of the more common types is the white-light hologram, which does not require a laser to reconstruct the image and can be viewed in normal daylight. These types of holograms are often used on credit cards as security features. One of the most dramatic advances in the short history of the technology has been the mass production of laser diodes. These compact, solid state lasers are beginning to replace the large gas lasers previously required to make holograms. Best of all they are much cheaper than their counterpart gas lasers. Due to the decrease in costs, more people are making holograms in their homes as a hobby. Technical Description The difference between holography and photography is best understood by considering what a photograph actually is: it is a point-to-point recording of the intensity of light rays that make up an image. Each point on the photograph records just one thing, the intensity (i.e. the square of the amplitude of the electric field) of the light wave that illuminates that particular point.
    [Show full text]
  • Holographic 3D Particle Imaging with Model-Based Deep Network Ni Chen , Congli Wang , and Wolfgang Heidrich , Fellow, IEEE
    288 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL IMAGING, VOL. 7, 2021 Holographic 3D Particle Imaging With Model-Based Deep Network Ni Chen , Congli Wang , and Wolfgang Heidrich , Fellow, IEEE Abstract—Gabor holography is an amazingly simple and ef- on an end-to-end neural network, which requires large amounts fective approach for three-dimensional (3D) imaging. However, it of data for training. 3D holographic imaging is challenging suffers from a DC term, twin-image entanglement, and defocus for data-driven networks due to the limitations of acquiring noise. The conventional approach for solving this problem is either using an off-axis setup, or compressive holography. The former sac- large quantities of training data. There are mainly two popular rifices simplicity, and the latter is computationally demanding and ways for obtaining the training data-sets: (1) Display the target time-consuming. To cope with this problem, we propose a model- (labels) on spatial light modulators (SLM) or digital micromirror based holographic network (MB-HoloNet) for three-dimensional devices (DMD) for capturing the images (data) of the labels particle imaging. The free-space point spread function (PSF), which that passing through the optical system [11]; (2) Capture a is essential for hologram reconstruction, is used as a prior in the MB-HoloNet. All parameters are learned in an end-to-end fashion. few high-resolution optical images, calculate the labels with The physical prior makes the network efficient and stable for both conventional imaging methods. More data and labels are ob- localization and 3D particle size reconstructions. tained by cropping, rotating of the existing ones [16].
    [Show full text]
  • Neural Holography with Camera-In-The-Loop Training
    Neural Holography with Camera-in-the-loop Training YIFAN PENG, SUYEON CHOI, NITISH PADMANABAN, and GORDON WETZSTEIN, Stanford University Gerchberg–Saxton Wirtinger Holography CITL Optimization HoloNet PSNR: 16.1 PSNR: 17.4 PSNR: 19.0 PSNR: 17.6 SSIM: 0.52 SSIM: 0.61 SSIM: 0.68 SSIM: 0.64 Fig. 1. Comparison of computer-generated holography (CGH) algorithms captured with a prototype holographic near-eye display. The classic Gerchberg– Saxton approach is intuitive but it suffers from speckle and other artifacts (left). Wirtinger Holography was recently introduced as an iterative CGHmethod that achieves better image quality (center left). We introduce camera-in-the-loop (citl) optimization strategies that achieve unprecedented holographic image quality (center right). Moreover, we introduce a neural network architecture, HoloNet, that achieves a quality comparable to the best existing iterative approaches in real time for full-resolution 1080p images (right). Holographic displays promise unprecedented capabilities for direct-view 39, 6, Article 185 (December 2020), 14 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3414685. displays as well as virtual and augmented reality applications. However, one 3417802 of the biggest challenges for computer-generated holography (CGH) is the fundamental tradeoff between algorithm runtime and achieved image quality, 1 INTRODUCTION which has prevented high-quality holographic image synthesis at fast speeds. Computer-generated holography has recently experienced a renais- Moreover, the image quality achieved by most holographic displays is low, sance in the computer graphics and computational optics communi- due to the mismatch between the optical wave propagation of the display ties. For direct-view displays, holography enables glasses-free 3D and its simulated model.
    [Show full text]