Forward vision at KEK

APAC apace - first Asian Particle Accelerator Conference

quality. They consist of a large KEK research. This includes the US/ t was a milestone event in the number of accelerator units, each Japan collaboration programme in history of Asian accelerator science unit being a combination of RF power particle and nuclear physics experi­ when four hundred specialists from sources (klystrons), a power distribu­ ments, as well as the development of all over Asia assembled at the tion system and accelerating struc­ accelerator technologies, the UK/ Japanese KEK laboratory in Tsukuba tures. Japan programme in neutron re­ from 23 - 27 March for the First Asian A series of prototype tests and the search, and collaborations in Europe Particle Accelerator Conference - latest simulation study indicate good represented by ATLAS/LHC and APAC98. prospects for a rapid payoff in HERA. Although it was the first such powerful klystrons. New schemes With this ambitious and wide- conference, accelerator science and have been developed for efficient RF ranging programme, KEK is a major technology is not new in Asia. Low power distribution. High-precision player in world physics, with facilities energy accelerators - high-voltage machining and fabrication techniques in Japan attracting many scientists generators, electron linear for the accelerating structure have from overseas, while Japanese accelerators and cyclotrons - have been considerably improved in recent specialists have major roles in been quite common in many years. Prototypes can sustain a high important projects, particularly in the countries. However the profile of the enough acceleration field and, at the US and in Europe.. Asian accelerator community has same time, minimize adverse effects greatly changed since the 1980s, of wake fields from beam bunches. when synchrotron radiation achieved Improved versions will soon be The Japan Hadron Facility (JHF) project. The popularity. tested with beam. All these tunnels for the 200 MeV linac and 50 GeV Providing very bright sources from main ring are to be excavated respectively developments in main-linac near the existing 12 GeV tunnel and inside the ultra-violet to x-rays, synchrotron technology have the mass-production KEKB tunnel while the 3 GeV booster ring is to radiation has attracted scientists in phase in mind. be built in the present 12 GeV PS tunnel. many fields - physics, chemistry, In addition to these activities in Other infrastructure of the 12 GeV PS is also biology, and medicine. Many light fully utilized. The main ring will also supply a Japan, collaboration with overseas 50 GeV proton beam to the neutrino line under sources have been constructed and laboratories is one of the pillars of construction for the K2K experiment. more are still being planned in Asia. Responding to this interest, the Asian Committee for Future (Japan Hadron Facility (JHF) at KEK) Accelerators (ACFA) was formed in April 1996. Reflecting the rapid growth in accelerator-based science in Asia, ACFA's stated objective is to promote mutual understanding of activities, and to strengthen international collaboration among Asian countries. The first meeting of ACFA was held in Pohang, Korea, home of the Pohang Light Source. At the meeting, ACFA decided to hold a regular Asian Particle Accelerator Conference (APAC), the first venue being Tsukuba. In his APAC98 opening address, H. Sugawara, chairman of ACFA and Director-General of KEK, explained (200 uA) SOOMeV Booster: Heavy-Ion and polarized the motivation of ACFA and its role, proton injection and stressed the importance of close

0 CERN Courier, Summer 1998 APAC apace

Four hundred accelerator scientists from all Chitrlada Settakorn from Thailand, currently over Asia participated in the first Asian Particle studying at Stanford, reports on work on Accelerator Conference, held at the Japanese infrared radiation from sub-picosecond KEK laboratory. electron bunches.

collaboration among Asian countries accelerator of the order of 20 kilome­ in the field of accelerator science. tres is technically very challenging, In individual country reports and R&D has been pushed for many presented on the first day of the years at major world high energy accelerator technology. C.K. Park of conference, representatives gave an accelerator laboratories. At the KAERI declared "The KOMAC is a overview on the activity in their conference, status reports were nuclear green project." Both NSP and respective nations. The speakers presented by KEK, SLAC (Stanford), KOMAC designs incorporate a were Shuxian Fang (China), S. S. DESY (Hamburg), and BINP superconducting linear accelerator of Kapoor (India), A. Djaloeis (Novosibirsk/Protvino). energy around 1 GeV, a very novel (Indonesia), M.-lnoue (Japan), Won Asian interest in high intensity technology. The technical innovation Namkung (Korea), Swee-Ping Chia proton accelerators has developed for these high-intensity accelerators (Malaysia), Richard Sah (Taiwan), for various reasons - the production attracts accelerator scientists and Weerapong Pairuswan (Thailand) of high intensity neutrons for basic engineers. and Van-Do Nguyen (Vietnam). An materials research as well as the Cyclotrons are the accelerators with invited talk from Novosibirsk was development of advanced nuclear longest history. Since the invention given by I. Chatounov in place of A. power technologies for nuclear waste of the technique in 1931, N. Skrinsky. transmutation and power production. innumerable cyclotrons have been The area of high energy physics These objectives require proton constructed, first for nuclear physics, included the activities of the Beijing accelerators with enormous beam and more recently for medical Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC) power, more than ten times that of applications. and the KEK B-factory. Shin-ichi the most powerful accelerator in A noticeable cyclotron advance is Kurokawa, reporting on KEKB, existence. At the conference, three the construction of radioactive ion impressed his audience by declaring proposals were presented; the (Rl) beam factories. Their beams of "It is now in the final stage of Neutron Science Project (NSP) by unstable nuclei are useful not only for construction and the commissioning the Japan Atomic Energy Research nuclear physics but also for materials starts this autumn." Institute (JAERI), the Japan Hadron science and even for medical Among the next generation high Facility (JHF) by KEK, and the applications. energy accelerator concepts, linear Korean Multipurpose Accelerator In Asia, two Rl beam facilities are colliders are the most serious Complex (KOMAC) by Korean already operating - at the Institute of contenders, producing head-on Atomic Energy Research Institute Modern Physics in China and at collisions of energetic electron and (KAERI). RIKEN in Japan. Welcome news at positron beams supplied by very long All are multipurpose machines and the meeting came from Y.Yano of linear accelerators. A linear are very challenging in terms of their RIKEN, who announced that a new CERN Courier, Summer 1998 0 Goodfellow is an established specialist supplier of small quantities of metals & materials for research, development, prototyping and design.

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At the conference banquet, V. Balakin from the Russian Budker Institute for Nuclear Physics, Protvino, hands a suitably-sized bottle of vodka to conference chairman Motohiro Kihara of KEK.

already been approved, and Hongjie very compact electron linear accel­ Xu from the Shanghai Synchrotron erator with a very high microwave Radiation Facility Project reported frequency, developed for baggage that they had completed their R&D inspection at airports. programme and were awaiting final Besides the invited talks, the approval. conference programme included 24 In view of their importance to the oral and 200 poster presentations. At Asian accelerator community, low- or KEK, participants were able to medium-energy accelerators and inspect the construction site of the B their applications figured prominently factory, the upgraded electron linear at APAC. One major application area accelerator, the Accelerator Test is the medical sector, for cancer Facility (ATF) for the development of therapy and isotope production. linear collider technology, and the Radiotherapy with electron linear test stand for the JHF linear accelerators has been widely used accelerator. RIKEN RIB Factory had been ap­ for many years. Recently, proton or The conference was an exciting proved by the funding agency. heavy-ion therapy has been event for younger participants in According to the plan, two ring developed, and several such facilities particular, and was judged a major cyclotrons will be constructed to constructed at Japanese hospitals. success. boost the radioactive beam energy Plans for such facilities have also On March 25, the third meeting of from the existing facility. When been drawn up in China, Korea and ACFA, held in parallel, elected constructed, it will be the most Taiwan. Zhipeng Zheng of IHEP (China) and powerful such factory in the world. Material microanalysis is another Won Namkung of POSTECH (Korea) As mentioned earlier, synchrotron classic application. An interesting as next chairman and vice-chairman, radiation and free electron lasers are development is for environmental respectively. The second APAC is a major focus of attention. Many light monitoring, where accelerator mass provisionally scheduled to be in sources exist in Asia: counting only spectrometry has been widely China in 2001. The conference user facilities, there are two in China, applied for the detection of extremely closed with an address by the ACFA one in India, three in Japan, one in small amounts of trace elements. chairman-designate and a symbolic Korea, and one in Taiwan. The Siam Yuzeng Lin from the Tsinghua handshake between the present Photon project in Thailand has University of China reported on a chairman and his successor.

The chairman's baton of the Asian Committee for Future Accelerators (ACFA) was handed from Hirotaka Sugawara (left) of KEK, Japan, to Zhipeng Zheng of IHEP, China.

CERN Courier, Summer 1998