23.1.1 Native Trees Higher Than 15 Metres 2

Contents 23.1.1 Native trees higher than 15 metres 2 23.1.2 Native trees 10 to 15 metres high 9 23.1.3 Native trees less than 10 metres high 13 23.1.4 Introduced trees higher than 15 metres 17 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high 24 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high 41 23.1.7 Conifer trees 56 23.1.1 Native trees higher than 15 metres

Botanical name Code Height x Not suitable Min. Tree Root Management Design width for and clearance shape barrier and siting notes characteristics (m) restrictions from category zone building (m) setback (m)

# Angophora APc 15- ASV <68m3 7 1 2.5 Requires semi- Smooth barked costata 20x10- Poorly sheltered sites. apple, gum 15 drained soils. Low frost myrtle. Pitted Wet sites. tolerance. pink bark. Moderate Curved, waxy Planting less drought leaves. than 4 metres tolerance. from hydraulic services.

# Araucaria AAb 20- ASV <68m3 10 4 4 Slow growing. Bunya bunya bidwillii 25x15 Suburban Cockatoo pine. Dark green street verges. damage due to glossy, prickly Natural areas. seeds. High foliage. frost tolerance Wrinkled black and good bark. Large drought cones tolerance. 30cmx20cm.

* Callitris CLg 15x8-10 ASV <30m3 6 4 N/R Slow to White cypress glaucophylla Suburban moderate pine. Smooth street verges. growth. High bark. Attractive New species Screening. frost tolerance. blue-grey Shelter belts. Grows in a glaucous range of soils. foliage. Timber Occasionally is resistant to affected by termites. Callitris Sawfly.

Casuarina Csc 18- ASV <68m3 7 1 4 Suitable on a River she-oak. cunninghamiana 20x12- Dry sites. range of sites, Local species. subsp. 15 Exposed sites. including boggy Evergreen. cunninghamiana locations and Keystone local nutrient poor species that soils. High frost provides wildlife and drought habitat. tolerance. Responds to severe pruning.

Eucalyptus Eac 15- ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 Tolerates poor Wattle-leaf acaciiformis 20x15 sites. High frost peppermint. and drought Leaves similar to tolerance. Acacia Suited to open phyllodes. space areas. Fissured brown bark. Better form than E. nicholii. 23.1.1 Native trees higher than 15 metres

Eucalyptus albens Eal 15- ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 High frost and White box. 20x10- Poorly drought Glaucous 15 drained sites. tolerance. blue/green Wet sites. Requires foliage. Whitish- Screening. pruning during grey fibrous Shelter belts. formative tessellated bark stages.

Eucalyptus Ean 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 High frost and New England andrewsii Suburban drought blackbutt. street verges. tolerance. Green/blue- Tolerates poor green foliage. soils. Grey/brown fibrous bark.

Eucalyptus Eah 20x12 ASV <43m3 6 1 2.5 Moderate to Apple-topped angophoroides Large high frost box. Tall upright plantings. tolerance. tree Grey- Poorly Moderate brown bark. drained sites. drought Wet sites. tolerance. Prefers moist, deeper alluvial soils. Tolerates occasional flooding.

Eucalyptus Eba 15- ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 Slow growth. Blue box. baueriana 20x15 Poorly High frost and Fibrous bark. drained sites. drought Green-blue semi (Eucalyptus Wet sites tolerance. glossy leaves. bauerana) Grows well in a range of soils, but prefers good loams.

* Eucalyptus Ebe 15- ASV <121m3 11 1 4 High frost Camden white benthamii 25x10- Poorly tolerance. gum. White 20 drained sites. Prefers fertile bark shedding in New species Wet sites. loams and long ribbons. Natural areas. alluvia. Classified as a Screening. vulnerable Shelter belts. species

# Eucalyptus Ebl 20x15 ASV <68m3 N/A 1 N/A Medium to high Blakely’s red blakelyi Urban areas. frost and gum. Local Single species. drought species. tolerance. Keystone local Tolerates species that occasional provides wildlife water logging. habitat. Prone to severe insect attack; can require 23.1.1 Native trees higher than 15 metres

spraying for insects.

Eucalyptus Ebx 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 High frost and Blaxland’s blaxlandii moderate stringybark. drought Reddish deeply tolerance. furrowed bark. Grows in poor Slightly sickle soils including shaped leaves. gravels.

Eucalyptus Ebr 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 N/A High frost and Apple box. Grey bridgesiana Urban areas. moderate short-fibred Poorly drought bark. Heart drained sites. tolerance. shaped juvenile Wet sites. Tolerates leaves. exposed sites. Keystone local Does not species that tolerate water provides wildlife logging. Known habitat. host for native mistletoe.

Eucalyptus elata Eel 25x15 ASV <68m3 7 1 3 Moderate frost River Dry sites. and drought peppermint. Exposed sites. tolerance. Light green Prefers moist foliage. Bark sites such as sheds in creeks and ribbons. Large, watercourses. fast growing. Formative pruning important to avoid multi- branching.

Eucalyptus Egl 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 Moderate to White globoidea Poorly high frost and stringybark. drained sites. drought Glossy dark Wet sites. tolerance. Likely green foliage. to tolerate a Reddish stringy wide range of bark. sites and soils. 23.1.1 Native trees higher than 15 metres

Eucalyptus Ego 20x15 ASV <68m3 7 1 2.5 High frost and Long-leaved goniocalyx Poorly drought box, bundy. drained sites. tolerance. Local species. Wet sites. Prefers well Rough and drained, gravel persistent grey- or stony soils. brown bark. Keystone local species that provides wildlife habitat.

# Eucalyptus Ema 15- ASV <30m3 6 1 N/A Grows on a Red stringybark. macrorhyncha 20x10 Urban areas. range of soils, Deeply fissured Agistment but prefers will red spring bark. areas. drained sites. Local species. Can require Suitable for use regular removal in wildlife of dead corridors for branches. habitat. Susceptible to root rot.

# Eucalyptus Emd 25- ASV <121m3 11 1 3 High frost and Maiden’s blue maidenii 30x15- Suburban moderate gum. Heavy 20 street verges. drought foliage texture. (E. globulus Dry sites. tolerance. Tops Long, dark subsp. Maidenii) Exposed sites. die out. Prone green leaves. Natural areas. to early limb Fast growing. failure. Many pest and fungal disease problems.

Eucalyptus Emf 20x12- ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 High frost and Red-spotted mannifera 15 drought gum. Local tolerance. Has species. Very performed very reliable street well in tree. White Canberra. bark. Keystone local species that provides wildlife habitat.

Eucalyptus Eme 20x20 ASV <121m3 11 1 3 High frost and Yellow box. melliodora drought Grey-green tolerance. foliage. Tolerates a Keystone local wide range of species that soils. provides wildlife habitat.

Eucalyptus Emt 20x20 ASV <121m3 11 1 3 High frost and Tarcutta yellow melliodora drought box. Blue (Tarcutta form) tolerance. foliage. 23.1.1 Native trees higher than 15 metres

Tolerates a Important for wide range of wildlife habitat. soils. Examples at Old Parliament House.

Eucalyptus Emc 20x12- ASV <68m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Grey box. Tall microcarpa 15 drought tree with tolerance. straight trunk. (E. woollsiana) Adaptable to a Fibrous grey wide range of bark. Fast sites. Formative growth rate. pruning required to encourage a single trunk.

# Eucalyptus Eni 15- ASV <68m3 6 1 3 High frost and Willow nicholii 20x10- Suburban drought peppermint, 15 street verges. tolerance. narrow-leaved Dry sites. Requires black Exposed sites. formative peppermint. Screening. pruning when Narrow dark Shelter belts. young. Potential green leaves. for higher Dark brown inspection fibrous bark. regime to Provides monitor for excellent branch splitting. wildlife habitat. Susceptible to pests.

Eucalyptus Eno 15- ASV <68m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Long-leaved nortonii 20x12- Large drought box, mealy 15 plantings. tolerance. bundy. Fibrous, Screening. Suitable for dry grey bark. Long Shelter belts. and exposed lived. Local sites. species. Susceptible to pests such as scale.

Eucalyptus Epo 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 High frost and Red box. Blue- polyanthemos drought grey coin subsp. tolerance. shaped foliage. polyanthemos Prefers gravelly Very reliable free draining street tree. sites. Tolerates Keystone local exposed sites. species that Can be affected provides wildlife by scale and habitat. lerp.

* Eucalyptus Era 20- ASV <121m3 11 1 2.5 High frost and Narrow-leaf 23.1.1 Native trees higher than 15 metres

Botanical name Code Height x Not suitable Min. Tree Root Management Design width for and clearance shape barrier and siting notes characteristics (m) restrictions from category zone building (m) setback (m) radiata 25x15- Screening. drought peppermint. 20 Shelter belts. tolerance. Fibrous bark. New species Tolerates a Fast growth. range of site Keystone local and soil species that conditions. provides wildlife habitat.

Eucalyptus rossii Ero 15- ASV <68m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Scribbly gum. 18x15 Poorly drought White bark with drained sites tolerance. distinctive Wet sites. Grows on poor scribbles. Can quality skeletal have soils. Does not unpredictable tolerate shade. growth rates. Local species that provides wildlife habitat.

Eucalyptus rubida Eru 15- ASV <68m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Candlebark. subsp. rubida 18x10- Dry sites. moderate Blue-grey 15 Exposed sites. drought foliage. White Screening. tolerance. and red ribbon Shelter belts. Prefers deeper bark. Local soils. Sheds species that bark in ribbons provides wildlife in late summer. habitat. May require formative pruning to prevent multiple leader growth.

Eucalyptus Esc 15- ASV <68m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Wallangarra scoparia 20x15 Inner asset moderate white gum. protection drought Smooth white zone or tolerance. bark. Narrow, ember zone. Tolerant of glossy Screening. water logged peppermint Shelter beds. soils. scented leaves. Susceptible to pests and diseases, particularly insect defoliation when young. Formative pruning required to develop a strong central 23.1.1 Native trees higher than 15 metres

leader.

Eucalyptus Esi 18x12 ASV <43m3 7 1 3 High frost and Red ironbark. sideroxylon Poorly drought Dark reddish- drained sites. tolerance. black fissured Wet sites. Tolerates hard bark. Cream sites. flowers. Susceptible to common pests but tolerates them well. Formative pruning can reduce acute branching.

Eucalyptus Esr 18x12 ASV <43m3 7 1 3 High frost and Red ironbark. sideroxylon Poorly drought Dense reddish- ‘Rosea’ drained sites. tolerance. black fissured Wet sites. Prefers well bark. Pink drained sites flowers. and tolerates shallow infertile soils. Formative pruning will reduce acute branching.

# Eucalyptus Evi 20- ASV <121m3 9 1 3 High frost and Manna gum, viminalis 25x15- Dry sites. drought ribbon gum. 20 Exposed sites. tolerance. Smooth bark Paved areas. Preferably used that sheds in Screening. in open space. ribbons. Local Shelter belts. Local form has species greater drought suitbable for tolerance. habitat plantings. 23.1.2 Native trees 10 to 15 metres high

Botanical name Code Height x Not suitable Min. Tree Root Management Design width for clearance shape barrier and siting notes characteristics from category zone building (m) setback (m)

* Acacia Aca 12x7 ASV <15m3 5 1 2.5 High frost and Buchan blue, caerulescens moderate limestone blue drought wattle. Blue- New species tolerance. Can grey phyllodes. suffer insect Smooth bark. damage in trunk Yellow flowers. and limbs. Rare species. Suitable for paved areas or carparks due to low potential for root damage.

Acacia Aml 8-15x5- 7 1 2.5 Survives well on Longer lived melanoxylon 8 moist sites. than other Possible street acacias. Local Needs factsheet tree - trial use. species.

#* Allocasuarina ALg 12-15x8 ASV <19m3 5 1 2 High frost and Grey buloke, glauca Dry sites. drought swamp oak. tolerance. Pendulous Forms root blueish- green suckers. Good foliage. Fast for use in growing. shelterbelts.

#* Allocasuarina ALl 8-12x4 ASV <43m3 3 1 N/R High frost and Black she-oak. littoralis Suburban drought Ornamental street verges. tolerance. tree with Poorly upright form. drained sites. Dusky green foliage. Showy dark red flowers in spring. Local species.

#* Angophora APf 10- ASV <30m3 6 1 2 Low frost Rough-barked floribunda 15x10 Dry sites. tolerance when apple. Dense young. foliage. White Moderate flowers in drought December and tolerance. January. Prefers alluvial Provides habitat soils. and food for fauna. Superb shade tree.

* Brachychiton BRp 10- ASV <30m3 6 1 N/R High frost and Kurrajong tree. populenus 12x8-10 drought Glossy green tolerance. foliage and Tolerates a large, hard 23.1.2 Native trees 10 to 15 metres high

New species range of soils, shelled seed preferring pods. gravel, shale Evergreen. Long and sand. Has lived. Local ACT shown variable tree. performance as a street tree.

# Callitris CLe 12- ASV <68m3 3 3 N/R High frost and Black cypress endlicheri 15x3-4 Suburban drought pine. Brown street verges. tolerance. Does furrowed bark. not tolerate Local species. heavy clays Relatively slow soils. Formative growing. pruning to ensure single leader Susceptible to canker.

Eucalyptus Eag 15x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 Prefers well Black gum. aggregata Dry sites. drained sites. Slightly glossy Screening. High frost and foliage. Dark Shelter belts. drought fibrous bark on tolerance. trunk, becoming Borers can be a smooth in problem. higher branches.

# Eucalyptus Eci 10- ASV <68m3 9 1 3 High frost Argyle apple. cinerea 15x15 Suburban tolerance. Silver-blue street verges. Prefers soils foliage. Fibrous Except to with good red stringy bark. replace drainage. Useful for existing Formative screen plantings. pruning plantings. Large required to plantings. reduce low Single species. branching to the ground. Planting less Subject to than 4 metres sawfly larvae. from Minimal use in hydraulic urban settings. services.

Eucalyptus Ede 12x8 ASV <19m3 N/A 1 N/A High frost and Tumbledown dealbata Urban areas. drought red gum. Green- tolerance. Parks grey glaucous and open space foliage. Mallee- use. Tolerates like on poor dry stony sites sites. with shallow soils. Can be 23.1.2 Native trees 10 to 15 metres high

subject to psyllid attack.

Eucalyptus dives Edi 12- ASV <30m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Broad-leaved 15x10 Screening. drought peppermint. Shelter belts tolerance. Fibrous bark. Prefers dry well Keystone local drained sites. species that Can require provides wildlife formative habitat. pruning.

* Eucalyptus Egr 6-12x4- ASV <19m3 5 2 2.5 High frost and White mallee, gracilis 8 Car parks. drought red mallee. Can Paved areas. tolerance. be either a New species Suburban Subject to pests mallee form or a street verges. such as scale small tree. and psyllids. Pendulous Useful as a foliage. feature plant in parks or in shelter belts.

# Eucalyptus Elr 10- ASV <30m3 6 1 2.5 Moderate frost Red-flowering leucoxylon 15x6-10 Suburban and high yellow gum. ‘Rosea’ street verges. drought Cream to grey Wet sites. tolerance. bark, shedding New species Poorly Prefers sandy in flakes. drained sites. loams to clay- Prominent red based soils. flowers March- Susceptible to December. pests and Provides habitat disease. for birds. Historically variable performance in Canberra.

* Eucalyptus Emh 15x10 ASV <30m3 6 1 2.5 Moderate frost Hillgrove gum. michaeliana and high Rare species. drought Dark green New species tolerance. foliage. Tolerates a Attractive grey range of soils. and white blotched bark. Should be an attractive street tree.

Eucalyptus Emi 10x10 ASV <30m3 6 2 2.5 High frost and Mount Buffalo mitchelliana Suburban drought Sallee. Multi- street verges. tolerance. stemmed, Useful as a mallee habit. feature plant in Smooth white- 23.1.2 Native trees 10 to 15 metres high

parks or in grey bark. shelter belts.

# Eucalyptus Epp 15x10 ASV <30m3 6 1 N/R Very high frost Snow gum. pauciflora subsp. Dry sites. and moderate Thick glossy Pauciflora Screening. drought leaves. Smooth Shelter belts. tolerance. white bark. (E. pauciflora) Prefers well Local species drained clay that provides soils. Survival wildlife habitat. rate can be low during establishment.

Eucalyptus Est 10x10 ASV <30m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Black sallee. stellulata Dry sites. moderate Glossy green drought foliage. Olive tolerance. green bark in Prefers wetter the upper part soils or low of the tree. Star- lying damp like clusters of areas. Can be flowers autumn susceptible to to spring. Local scale. Sheds species that large quantities provides wildlife of bark that habitat. may require clearing.

* Melaleuca Mba 8-12x6- ASV <19m3 5 1 2.5 High frost and Black tea tree. bracteata 8 drought Hard fissured tolerance. bark. White New species Prefers soils flowers in with good spring. drainage. Tolerates heavy clays and water logged sites. Formative pruning will enhance line of sight on street and road verge plantings. 23.1.3 Native trees less than 10 metres high

Acacia covenyi Acy 6x6 ASV <11m3 4 2 3 High frost and Blue bush. Small Suburban drought rounded tree. street verges. tolerance. Yellow flowers. Paved areas. Prefers alkaline Grey-bluish soils with good foliage. Rare drainage. Good plant. for use as a screening plant or in shelter belts.

* Acacia pendula Ape 8x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 3 High frost and Myall, weeping Poorly drought myall. Small New species drained sites. tolerance. elliptical tree Tolerates a with pendulous range of soils branches. but prefers well Drooping silvery drained soils. glaucous Not affected by phyllodes. Hard any local pests. grey bark.

# Allocasuarina ACv 6x4 ASV <5m3 3 2 N/R High frost and Drooping she- verticillata Poorly drought oak. Pendulous drained sites. tolerance. branches of Grows in most dusky green soils. foliage. Susceptible to Horizontally psyllids, striped trunk. particularly Local species when young. that provides Can appear wildlife habitat. poorly as a young plant.

* Callistemon Csp 3x3 ASV <3m3 Dry 3 2 2 High frost and Brilliant red citrinus sites. Exposed moderate bottlebrush ‘Splendens’ sites. drought flowers. Fast tolerance. initial growth New species Adaptable to a rate. Useful for wide range of wildlife habitat. soils but prefers deeper soils. Respond to severe pruning. Can be used under powerlines.

Callistemon Cha 3-6x2-3 ASV <3m3 Dry 5 2 2 Moderate frost Dense crimson ‘Harkness’ sites. Exposed and drought red bottlebrush sites. tolerance. flowers. Glossy Tolerates a green foliage 23.1.3 Native trees less than 10 metres high

wide range of and bronze new soils but prefers growth. deeper moist Fissured brown soils. Respond bark. Fast initial to severe growth rate. pruning. Can be Useful for used under wildlife habitat, powerlines. particular the flowers as a food source.

Callistemon Ckp 4-6x4-5 ASV <8m3 Dry 3.5 2 2 Moderate frost Dense crimson ‘King’s Park sites. Exposed and drought red bottlebrush Special’ sites. tolerance. flowers. Tolerates a Blackish-grey wide range of bark. Fast initial soils but prefers growth rate. deeper moist Useful for soils. Respond wildlife habitat, to severe particular the pruning. Can be flowers as a used under food source. powerlines.

* Callistemon Cdr 4-6x3-5 ASV <8m3 Dry 3.5 2 2 Moderate frost Bright red viminalis ‘Dawson sites. Exposed and drought bottlebrush River Weeper’ sites. tolerance. flowers. Long Tolerates a pendulous grey New species wide range of foliage. soils but prefers Blackish-grey deeper moist bark. Fast soils. Can prune growing. Useful when young to for wildlife promote good habitat, tree form. particular the Suitable for use flowers as a under food source. powerlines.

*Callitris muelleri CLm 5x3 ASV <3m3 3 3 3 Moderate frost Mueller’s Suburban and high cypress. Small New species street verges. drought low growing Poorly tolerance. ornamental drained sites. Excels on well conifer. Smooth Wet sites. drained sites. grey bark. Cone drop may Provides habitat be a nuisance in for wildlife. pedestrian areas. Suitable for use in parks.

Eucalyptus Eap 6x4 ASV <5m3 3 2 N/R High frost and Narrow-leaved apiculata Suburban moderate mallee ash. street verges. drought Attractive 23.1.3 Native trees less than 10 metres high

Poorly tolerance. compact mallee. drained sites. Tolerates rocky Narrow glossy Wet sites. sites with foliage. shallow well drained soils. Likely to be susceptible to defoliating insects.

Eucalyptus Ecu 3x4 ASV <5m3 3 2 N/R High frost and Cliff mallee ash. cunninghamii Suburban drought Multi-stemmed street verges. tolerance. mallee. Dense (E. rupicola) Poorly Succeeds on greyish foliage. drained sites. dry, hard, stony Prominent Wet sites. sites. cream/white Susceptible to flowers. scale. Bark Epicormic sheds in shoots can ribbons. appear untidy. Provides habitat for wildlife.

# Eucalyptus Elm 8x6 ASV <11m3 5 2 N/R Very high frost Adaminaby lacrimans Suburban and low snow gum, street verges. drought weeping snow (E. pauciflora Dry sites. tolerance. May gum. Distinctive Tantangera form) Exposed sites. require pendulous supplementary branches. irrigation. Smooth white- Historically grey powdery survival rate can bark. Glossy be low during grey-green establishment. foliage. Slow Susceptible to growing. scale and pests.

* Eucalyptus Emfl 7x7 ASV <15m3 5 2 2 High frost and Little Spotty. mannifera ‘Little Screening. drought Selected small Spotty’ Shelter belts. tolerance. form of Red Susceptible to spotted gum. New species usual eucalypt Bluish-green pests and foliage. Smooth diseases. white bark. Provides habitat for local wildlife.

Eucalyptus Emo 5x6 ASV <11m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Narrow-leaved moorei Suburban moderate sallee, little street verges. drought sallee. Multi- Screening. tolerance. stemmed Shelter belts. Tolerates cold mallee or small wet sites and tree. Smooth shallow soils. white or 23.1.3 Native trees less than 10 metres high

Susceptible to blotched bark. scale. Can be pruned to a single stem.

* Eucalyptus Epa 6-10x5- ASV <30m3 6 2 2.5 High frost and Small-leaf gum. parvula 10 Dry sites. moderate Small bushy Exposed sites. drought tree. Smooth New species tolerance. grey bark. White Prefers deeper flowers. Good moist soils. wildlife habitat Formative for small birds. pruning may be required to create a single trunk.

Melaleuca Mli 8x7 ASV <15m3 5 2 2.5 Moderate frost Flax leaf linariifolia Dry sites. and drought paperbark, Exposed sites. tolerance. snow-in- Tolerates a summer. Beige- range of soils. cream papery Prefers bark. Dense moistures and white flowers in tolerates summer. occasional flooding. Formative pruning will enhance line of sight on street and road verge plantings. 23.1.4 Introduced trees higher than 15 metres

Botanical name Code Height Not suitable Min. Tree Root Management Design and for clearance shape barrier and siting notes characteristics width from category zone building (m) setback (m)

Liquidambar LQs 15- ASV <43m3 8 4 3 High frost and American sweet styraciflua 20x12 Paved areas. moderate gum. Star Dry sites. drought shaped leaves, Alkaline soils. tolerance. with autumn Tolerates a colours range of soils including red, but prefers yellow and moist deep orange. Corky soils. Shallow, grey-brown vigorous root bark. Long lived. system. Formative pruning may be required to create a single leader. Can be affected by armoured scale.

Liquidambar LQf 20x12 ASV <43m3 8 4 3 High frost and Festeri sweet styraciflua Paved areas. moderate Gum. Star ‘Festeri’ Dry sites. drought shaped leaves Alkaline soils. tolerance. with variable Tolerates a autumn colours. range of soils Holds autumn but prefers colour well into moist deep winter. Long soils. Shallow lived. vigorous root system. Formative pruning may be required to create a single leader. Can be affected by armoured scale

* Nyssa sylvatcia NYs 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 N/R High frost and Tupelo. Suburban drought and Specimen tree New species street verges. tolerance. in parks. Shiny Dry sites. Tolerant of green leaves, Exposed sites. water logged turning purple conditions but the intense red also suits well in autumn. drained soils. Brown furrowed Fruit drop may bark. be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

Platanus PLch 18x12 ASV <43m3 8 1 3 High frost and Chilensis (orientalis) X drought oriental plane. 23.1.4 Introduced trees higher than 15 metres

‘Chilensis’ Paved areas*. tolerance. Flaking mottled Tolerates a bark. Leaf wide range of similar to soils. Lower Platanus susceptibility to acerifolia. Anthracnose Round burr-like than other fruit. Excellent Platanus shade tree species. Fruit when drop may be a appropriate nuisance in space is pedestrian available. areas.

Platanus PLo 20x12- ASV <68m3 8 1 3 High frost and Oriental plane. orientalis 15 Paved areas*. drought Deep green tolerance. foliage, turning Tolerates a red /yellow in range of soils autumn. but prefers Smooth light deeper well grey-white bark. drains soils. Has Round burr-like performed well fruit. in Canberra. Vigorous root system. Fruit drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

Platanus PLd 18x12- ASV <68m3 8 1 3 High frost and Cut-leaf oriental orientalis var. 15 Paved areas*. drought plane. Bright ‘Digitata’ tolerance. green cut leaf Tolerates a foliage, turning range of soils. yellow in Has performed autumn. well in Mottled bark. Canberra. Round burr-like Vigorous root fruit. system. Fruit drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

* Platanus PLag 15- ASV <43m3 8 1 3 High frost and Autumn glory orientalis var. 18x12 Paved areas*. medium to high oriental plane. Insularis ‘Autumn drought Relatively small Glory’ tolerance. foliage with Tolerates a bright gold New species wide range of autumn colour. soils. Responds Mottled flaking to severe bark. Round 23.1.4 Introduced trees higher than 15 metres

pruning. Lower burr-like fruit. susceptibility to Anthracnose than other Platanus species. Fruit drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

* Populus POdw 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 5 High frost and Weetangera deltoides Paved areas. drought eastern ‘Weetangera’ Creeks and tolerance. cottonwood. watercourses. Tolerates a Shiny green New species Playing fields. range of souls foliage; bright Natural areas. but prefers red in spring deep loams. and turning Can sucker to a yellow in small extent, autumn. Silvery- usually only white bark, when roots are becoming disturbed. deeply fissured with age. Fast growth rate.

Populus POg 15- ASV <30m3 8 1 5 High frost and Yunnan poplar. yunnanensis 20x10 Paved areas. drought Yellow-brown ‘Gundaroo’ Creeks and tolerance. autumn colour. watercourses. Tolerates a Brown bark. Playing fields. wide range of Catkins up to Natural areas. soils. Can sucker 15cm long. Fast when roots are growing disturbed.

* Quercus bicolor Qbi 15- ASV <121m3 11 1 2.5 High frost and Swamp white 20x15- Paved areas. moderate oak. Large New species 20 drought spreading tolerance. canopy. Dark Tolerates wet green glossy boggy sites and foliage, turning soil compaction. yellow/brown Moderately to red in susceptible to autumn. Deeply oak leaf miner. furrowed brown Formative bark. Long lived. pruning may be required to develop a strong structure. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian 23.1.4 Introduced trees higher than 15 metres

areas.

* Quercus Qca 20x15- ASV <98m3 10 1 2.5 High frost and Algerian oak. canariensis 18 Paved areas. drought Semi-evergreen tolerance. habit. Broad New species Tolerates a spreading wide range of canopy. Yellow soils. to brown Susceptible to autumn colour. oak leaf miner, Deeply fissured aphid and leaf bark. Slow hopper attack. growing. Formative pruning may be required to develop a strong structure. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas

Quercus cerris Qce 15- ASV <68m3 8 1 2.5 High frost and Turkey oak. 20x12- Paved areas. drought Dark green 15 tolerance. foliage turning Tolerates a yellow-bronze wide range of in autumn. soils. Retains leaves Susceptible to into winter. oak leaf miner. Deeply Leaf retention furrowed bark. may cause Small acorns problems where covered in long solar access is bristles. required. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

Quercus coccinea Qco 15- ASV <68m3 7 1 2.5 High frost and Scarlet oak. 20x12- Paved areas. drought Brilliant red 15 tolerance. autumn colour. Tolerates most Retains leaves soils found in into winter. Canberra. Leaf Acorns have a retention may deep bowl-like cause problems cap. where solar access is required. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in 23.1.4 Introduced trees higher than 15 metres

pedestrian areas.

* Quercus Qfr 20x20 ASV <121m3 11 1 2.5 High frost and Hungarian oak, frainetto Paved areas. drought Italian oak. Wet sites. tolerance. Suits Broad spreading New species Poorly local loams and crown. Glossy drained sites. clay loams soils. green foliage Suitable for turning yellow- semi shade and brown in sun. Leaf autumn. Can retention may hold leaves cause problems through winter. where solar Slow growing. access is Long lived. required. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

* Quercus lobata Qlo 18x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 High frost and Valley oak. Dull Paved areas. drought green foliage. New species Poor soils. tolerance. Thick, deeply Suitable for dry furrowed bark. sites. Tolerates Large long a range of soils, acorns. A faster but prefers rich growing oak. deep soils. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

* Quercus Qma 20- ASV <121m3 11 1 2.5 High frost and Burr oak, bur macrocarpa 25x15- Paved areas. drought oak. Distinctive 20 tolerance. shaggy bark. New species Adapts to a Large acorns wide range of almost soils. Tolerates completely minor root covered with a disturbance. burr-like cap. Susceptible to Long lived. Slow powdery growing. mildew, aphids Impressive and oak leaf specimen tree. miner. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

Quercus palustris Qpa 18x12- ASV <68m3 7 1 2.5 High frost and Pin oak. Green drought foliage turning 23.1.4 Introduced trees higher than 15 metres

15 Paved areas. tolerance. Has rust-red in performed very autumn. Retains well in brown foliage Canberra. Leaf through winter. retention may Grey-brown cause problems bark. Small where solar acorns. access is required. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

Quercus palustris Qpaf 18x15 ASV <68m3 7 1 2.5 High frost and Pin oak. Deep ’Free Fall’ Paved areas. drought green foliage tolerance. turning red- Tolerates a brown in wide range of autumn. Leaves soils and drop quickly in drainage autumn unlike conditions. Quercus Acorn drop may palustris. Grey- be a nuisance in brown bark. pedestrian Dense shade areas. tree.

Quercus robur Qro 20x20- ASV <188m3 11 1 2.5 High frost and English oak. 25 Paved areas. moderate Wide spreading drought tree with a tolerance. dense crown. Tolerates water Small leaves logging and turning yellow- prefers soils brown in with a higher autumn. level of Blackish-grey moisture. fissured bark. Susceptible to Excels with oak leaf miner appropriate and powdery space. mildew. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas. 23.1.4 Introduced trees higher than 15 metres

* Tilia cordata TIc 20x12 ASV <43m3 7 4 3 High frost and Small-leaved Dry sites. moderate lime, small- New species Exposed sites. drought leaved linden. Poorly tolerance. Dark green drained sites. Tolerates a heart-shaped Wet sites. range of soils, leaves. Grey but prefers well ridged bark. drained sites.

Tilia X europea TIe 18x12 ASV <43m3 7 1 3 High frost and Common linden, Dry sites. moderate lime tree. Bright Exposed sites. drought green leaves Poorly tolerance. turning orange- drained sites. Prefers soils brown in Wet sites. with good autumn. Finely drainage. textured grey- Tolerates full green bark. sun and semi Yellow flowers shade. Flowers in summer. are an excellent Long lived. source of nectar.

# + Ulmus Uam 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 5 5 High frost and American elm. americana Paved areas. moderate Vase shaped Creeks and drought crown. Yellow watercourses. tolerance. autumn colour. Playing fields. Prefers soils Ashy grey bark. Natural areas. with good Can only be drainage. Grows used in will in full sun replacement and light shade. plantings. New Highly cultivars are susceptible to available with Dutch elm good Dutch elm disease – disease restricted use. resistance.

# + Ulmus procera Upr 25- ASV <121m3 11 1 N/R High frost and English elm. 30x18- Paved areas. moderate Dark green 20 Creeks and drought leaves turning watercourses. tolerance. yellow in Playing fields. Tolerates a autumn. Dark Natural areas. range of soils brown bark with Poorly but prefers well vertical ridges. drained sites. drained soils. Dense shade Wet sites Susceptible to tree. Should be Dutch elm limited to disease and elm specimen and leaf beetles – replacement restricted use. plantings only.

+ Use of some Ulmus species restricted to replacements in existing plantings only. No new designs using these species will be approved. 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

Acer ACb 10x8 ASV <19m3 5 1 N/R High frost and Trident maple. buergeranum Poorly drought Glossy green drained sites. tolerance. foliage, turning Wet sites. Tolerates clayey red and yellow soils but prefers in autumn. Natural areas. well drained Mottled grey- soils. Grows in brown bark. sun and part Vigorous early shade. Not growth rate. susceptible to pests and diseases. Formative prune to encourage a single trunk.

* Acer X ACab 10x5 ASV <8m3 4 1 2 High frost and Autumn blaze freemanii Dry sites. moderate maple. Green ‘Jeffersred’ Exposed sites. drought leaves, turning Autumn Blaze tolerance. intense red in Tolerates a autumn. New species range of soils. Greyish-brown Possibly bark. Fast susceptible to growing. rust fungus. Low potential for root damage.

* Acer griseum ACg 10x6 ASV <11m3 6 1 3 High frost and Paperbark Dry sites. moderate maple. Peeling New species Exposed sites. drought bark revealing Poorly tolerance. orange bark drained sites. Tolerates a underneath. Wet sites. range of soils, Red-orange but prefers well autumn colour. Natural areas. drained soils. Slow growing.

* Acer grosseri ACgh 10- ASV <11m3 6 1 3 High frost and Snake bark var. Hersii 12x5-6 Dry sites. moderate maple. Green Exposed sites. drought foliage turning New species Poorly tolerance. red in autumn. drained sites. Prefers well Green and Wet sites. drained soils. white marbled Formative bark. Vigorous Natural areas. prune to early growth encourage a rate. single trunk.

Acer platanoides ACp 15x10 ASV <30m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Norway maple. Poor soils. low drought Broad round 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

Dry sites. tolerance. crown. Yellow Exposed sites. Prefers well to orange drained, fertile autumn colour. Natural areas. soils with Grey-brown regular bark with moisture. May shallow require furrows. irrigation. Grows best in full sun.

* Acer ACpk 15x10 ASV <30m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Purple Norway platanoides Dry sites. moderate maple. Purple ‘Crimson King’ Exposed sites. drought foliage changing tolerance. to red, brown New species Natural areas. Tolerates a and orange in range of soils autumn. including clays. Greyish-black Shallow root bark. system may cause future maintenance.

Betula pendula BTp 12- ASV <19m3 5 1 2.5 High frost and Silver birch. 15x6-8 Suburban low drought Pendulous street verges. tolerance. branches. Requires rich Glossy green Dry sites. deep soils with leaves, turning Exposed sites. good soil yellow in Poorly moisture, but autumn. drained sites. does not Smooth white- Poor soils. tolerate water grey bark. Best logging. used as a Creeks and Susceptible to specimen tree watercourses. rust fungus. or in small Natural areas. Vigorous root group plantings. growth. Care Best used on Planting less needed when irrigated sites. than 4 metres pruning as does from not readily hydraulic reshoot. services.

Betula pendula BTl 12- ASV <19m3 5 1 2.5 High frost and Cut-leaf silver ‘Laciniata’ 15x6-8 Suburban low drought birch. street verges. tolerance. Pendulous Requies rich branches. Dry sites. deep soils with Distinctive cut Exposed sites. good soil leaves turning Poorly moisture, but yellow in drained sites. does not autumn. Poor soils. tolerate Smooth white- waterlogging. grey bark. Best Susceptible to used as a 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

Creeks and rust fungus. specimen tree watercourses. Vigorous root or in small Natural areas. growth. Care group plantings. needed when Best used on Planting less pruning as does irrigated sites than 4 metres not readily from reshoot. hydraulic services.

Catalpa CATb 15x12- ASV <68m3 7 1 2.5 High frost and Indian bean bignonioides 15 Suburban moderate tree. Wide street verges. drought spreading, Exposed sites. tolerance. superb shade Dry sites. Tolerates a tree. Distinctive Poorly range of soils large heart- drained sites. but prefers well shaped leaves. Wet sites. drained sites. Brown-grey Can perform bark. Cream better on foxglove-like sheltered sites. flowers. Long thin bean-like fruit pods.

Crataegus CRs 10x6 ASV <11m3 4 1 N/R High frost and Red Mexican ‘Smithiana’ Paved areas. drought Hawthorn. Dark tolerance. green foliage. New species Creeks and Tolerates a White flowers in watercourses. wide range of spring. Red- Natural areas. soils. yellow fruit Susceptible to which is used as scale and a food source pear/cherry by some birds. slug. Fruit drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

* Davidia DAi 12x8-10 ASV <30m3 7 1 5 High frost and Dove tree. involucrate Dry sites. moderate shade Broad conical Exposed sites. tolerance. crown. Bright New species Poorly Prefers well green heart drained sites. drained soils shaped leaves. Wet sites. and sheltered Scaly orange- conditions. Long brown bark. lived. Superb shade tree.

* Fagus sylvatica Fsp 12x8 ASV <30m3 5 1 3 High frost and Copper beech, ‘Purpurea’ Paved areas. moderate purple beech. Dry sites. drought Attractive Exposed sites. tolerance. purple foliage. Creeks and Tolerates a Smooth grey 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

New species watercourses. range of soils bark. Long lived. Natural areas. but does not Superb grow well in specimen tree. sandy soils. Susceptible to oak leaf miner and aphids. Could require irrigation during establishment.

* Firmiana FIs 10x10 ASV <30m3 6 1 3 High frost and Parasol tree. simplex Poorly drought Round headed drained sites. tolerance. tree. Large New species Wet sites. Could require leaves turning irrigation during yellow in establishment. autumn. Thick Tolerates a warty grey- range of soils green bark. but prefers well Slow to drained clay moderate loams. growth. Formative pruning may be required to develop a strong structure.

* Fraxinus FRa 15x12 ASV <43m3 7 1 3 High frost and American ash, americana Dry sites. low drought white ash. Exposed sites. tolerance. Rounded New species Poorly Prefers deep, canopy. Dark drained sites. well drained green leaves. Wet sites. moist soils. Grey to brown Creeks and Susceptible to bark. watercourses. ash whitefly, Natural areas. Honey Dew and Sooty Mould.

Fraxinus FRao 15x12- ASV <68m3 10 1 2 High frost and Desert ash. angustifolia 15 Creeks and drought Golden autumn subsp. oxycarpa watercourses. tolerance. Has colour. Grey- Natural areas. performed well brown bark. Paved areas. in Canberra. Very reliable Tolerates a tree. wide range of soils. Good for dry sites. Vigorous root system.

Fraxinus FRar 15x12- ASV <68m3 10 1 2 High frost and Claret ash. angustifolia Creeks and drought Claret red 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

Botanical name Code Height x Not suitable Min. Tree Root Management Design width for clearance shape barrier and siting notes characteristics from category zone building (m) setback (m) subsp. oxycarpa 15 watercourses. tolerance. Has leaves in ‘Raywood’ Natural areas. performed well autumn. Grey- Paved areas. in Canberra. brown bark. Tolerates a wide range of soils. Suffers dieback with insufficient moisture. Vigorous root system.

Fraxinus excelsior FRe 10- ASV <47m3 7 2 2 Easily damaged Golden ash. ‘Aurea’ 12x8-10 Creeks and when small. Yellow watercourses. Slow growing branches. Black Needs factsheet Natural areas. shoots. buds in winter. Paved areas. Yellow autumn foliage. Planting less than 4 metres from hydraulic services.

* Fraxinus FRew 15x8 ASV <19m3 6 1 3 High frost and Westhof’s excelsior Creeks and drought Glorie ash. ‘Westhof’s Glorie’ watercourses. tolerance. Glossy green (F. velutina Natural areas. Suitable for cold foliage, turning rootstock) Paved areas. exposed sites. yellow in Tolerates a autumn. New species range of soils. Smooth grey- Likely to be brown bark. susceptible to Fast growing. Ash Whitefly, scale, aphids, Honey Dew and Sooty mould.

Fraxinus ornus FRo 10- ASV <30m3 6 1 2 High frost and Manna ash. 12x10 Poorly moderate Yellow to drained sites. drought reddish-brown Wet sites. Dry tolerance. autumn colour. sites. Exposed Prefers well Dark grey bark. sites. drained soils. Scented white Creeks and Could require flowers in watercourses. irrigation during spring. Natural areas. early establishment.

* Fraxinus FRpc 10- ASV <30m3 6 4 3 High frost and Cimmaron pennsylvanica 12x8-10 Creeks and moderate green ash. Dark ‘Cimmzam’ watercourses. drought green leaves (Cimmaron) Natural areas. tolerance. turning Tolerates a burgundy in 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

New species range of soils. autumn. Greyish-brown fissured bark. Seedless variety.

* Fraxinus FRpu 10- ASV <30m3 6 4 3 High frost and Urbanite green pennsylvanica 15x8-10 Creeks and moderate ash. Uniform ‘Urbdell watercourses. drought upright (Urbanite) Natural areas. tolerance. branching. Pale Tolerates a green foliage New species range of soils turning but dislikes yellow/gold in compacted autumn. soils. Formative Greyish-brown pruning can fissured bark. strengthen Considered structure. seedless.

* Fraxinus FRpw 10x6 ASV <11m3 6 4 3 High frost and Skyward green pennsylvanica Creeks and moderate ash. Dense ‘Wasky’ Skyward watercourses. drought green foliage Natural areas. tolerance. turning bronze- New species Tolerates a red to purple in range of soils, autumn. including Greyish-brown compacted fissured bark. soils. Considered seedless.

Fraxinus velutina FRv 10- ASV <30m3 5 1 2 Moderate frost Arizona ash, 12x10m Creeks and and drought velvet ash, watercourses. tolerance. modesto ash. Natural areas. Vigorous root Compact tree Paved areas. system. Can with upright Poorly grow on poorer branching. drained sites. soils if Green leaves Wet sites. additional 20-25cm long, Dry sites. irrigation is turning clear Exposed sites. provided during yellow in establishment, autumn. Velvet but prefers buds. Grey- deeper well brown fissured drained soils. bark. Declines Frequency of quickly once in pruning may be decline. high once decline begins.

# Ginkgo biloba GIb 15x8-12 ASV <30m3 7 1 5 High frost and Maidenhair Exposed sites. moderate tree. Fan Dry sites. drought shaped leaves. tolerance. Yellow autumn Prefers rich, colour. Slow 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

well drained growing. soils with irrigation. Only plant male form; female form produces pungent fruit (rarely)

Gleditsia GLsh 11x12 ASV <43m3 5 1 2 High frost and Shademaster triacanthos Creeks and drought honey locust. ‘Shademaster’ watercourses. tolerance. Dark green Natural areas. Tolerates all foliage turning Paved areas. soils. Can sucker yellow in when roots are autumn. Dark disturbed. grey thornless Various bark. Can cultivars have seasonally been listed produce seed declared weeds pods. Fast in parts of growing. Australian.

* Lagerstroemia LAk 9-10x8 ASV <19m3 5 3 3 High frost and Crepe myrtle. fauriei ‘Kiowa’ Poorly drought Vase shape. drained sites. tolerance. Glossy green New species Wet sites. Tolerates a foliage turning range of soils orange/yellow but prefers well in autumn. drained sites. Cinnamon coloured peeling bark. Large showy white flowers.

Liquidambar LQp 12- ASV <43m3 6 4 2.5 High frost and Palo Alto sweet styraciflua ‘Palo 15x12 Paved areas. drought gum. Pyramidal Alto’ Poorly tolerance. shape. Dark drained sites. Tolerates a green maple- Poor soils. range of sites like leaves including well turning purple- drained wet crimson and sites. Formative orange in prune to autumn. Corky encourage a ridged bark. single leader. Hard spiky seed Vigorous root pods. system. Fruit drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

Liquidambar LQt 12x10 ASV <30m3 6 4 2.5 High frost and Tiriki sweet 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

Botanical name Code Height x Not suitable Min. Tree Root Management Design width for clearance shape barrier and siting notes characteristics from category zone building (m) setback (m) styraciflua ‘Tiriki’ Paved areas. drought gum. Maple-like Poorly tolerance. foliage turning drained sites. Tolerates a deep red in Poor soils. range of sites autumn. Corky including well ridged bark. drained wet Hard spiky seed sites. Vigorous pods. Canberra root system. selection. Fruit drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

Liriodendron LIt 15x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 High frost and Tulip tree. tulipifera Creeks and low drought Specimen tree. watercourses. tolerance. Distinctive tulip Natural areas. Prefers irrigated shaped leaves. Paved areas. or moist sites. Yellow autumn Dry sites. Prefers full sun. colour. Large Exposed sites. green/orange flowers in spring. Brown furrowed bark. Slow growing. Long lived. Slow growing.

Malus spectabilis MAs 10x6 ASV <11m3 4 1 2 High frost and Chinese Creeks and drought flowering crab watercourses. tolerance. apple. Bright Natural areas. Tolerates a green leaves Poorly range of soils Conspicuous drained sites. but prefers double pink Wet sites. good drainage. flowers. Can Grows in full seasonally Planting less sun to part produce fruit in than 2 metres shade. low levels, from Susceptible to which is a food hydraulic woolly aphids. source for some services. Formative birds. prune to encourage a single trunk.

* Malus MAt 10-12x5 ASV <8m3 4 3 2 High frost and Chonosuki crab tschonoskii Creeks and moderate apple. Dark watercourses. drought green leaves New species Natural areas. tolerance. turning purple- Poorly Tolerates a orange to drained sites. range of soils, yellow in Wet sites. except wet sites autumn. subject to Smooth greyish flooding. Good bark. White for confined flowers in 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

spaces. spring. Resistant to apple scab and powdery mildew.

* Paulownia PAt 12- ASV <30m3 6 1 5 Moderate frost Empress tree. tomentosa 15x10 Exposed sites. and drought Vase to rounded Dry sites. tolerance. shape. Very New species Poorly Could require large heart- drained sites. additional shaped leaves. Wet sites. irrigation during Showy purple Poor soils. early tubular flowers. establishment to prevent leaf burn. Fruit drop may be a minor nuisance in pedestrian areas.

* Populus X POt 15x3 ASV <68m3 3 3 5 High frost and Tower poplar. canescens ‘Tower’ Paved areas. drought Green foliage, tolerance. turning yellow New species Tolerates a in autumn. range of soils. Furrowed grey Has an bark. Fast improved level growing. Good of disease and alternative to insect Lombardy resistance. Poplar Known to sucker with age.

Populus simonii POs 15x4-5 ASV <68m3 8 1 3 High frost and Chinese poplar, Dry sites. drought Simon’s poplar. Exposed sites. tolerance. Deep green Poorly Tolerates most foliage with a drained sites. soils but prefers silvery green Wet sites. well drained underside. sites. Does not Silvery Bark. suit shaded Fast growing. areas. Little to no suckering habits.

* Prunus padus Ppa 10-12x6 ASV <11m3 4 1 5 High frost and Bird cherry, Paved areas moderate hackberry. New species drought Upright growing tolerance. branches. Dark Tolerates ACT green leaves soils. Fruit drop turning may be a red/yellow in nuisance in autumn. pedestrian Drooping white 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

areas. flowers. Small black fruit.

* Pyrus calleryana PYca 11x7 ASV <15m3 5 1 5 High frost and Aristocrat ‘Aristocrat’ drought callery pear. tolerance. Green leaves New species Tolerates a turning red and range of soils orange in including autumn. waterlogged Greyish-brown sites. Preferable bark. White cultivar due to flowers in wider branching spring. angles Horizontal branches with wide angles that are less likely to split.

* Pyrus calleryana PYcc 11x3-4 ASV <5m3 3 3 3 High frost and Capital callery ‘Capital’ drought pear. Narrow tolerance. fastigiated New species Tolerates a form. Green range of soils leaves turning including reddish-purple waterlogged in autumn. sites. Suits White flowers in areas with spring. Can be restricted used as an space. alternative to Lombardy Poplar. Better branching structure.

* Pyrus calleryana PYcl 11x5-6 ASV <11m3 4 1 5 High frost and Cleveland select ‘Chanticleer’ syn. drought callery pear. ‘Cleveland Select’ tolerance. Green leaves Tolerates a turning red and New species range of soils orange in including autumn. waterlogged Greyish-brown sites. Grows in bark. White full sun or part flowers in shade. spring. Better branching structure and less susceptible to wind damage than other Pyrus cultivars.

* Pyrus calleryana PYcr 10x7 ASV <15m3 5 1 3 High frost and Red spire callery ‘Red Spire’ drought pear. Green 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

New species tolerance. leaves turning Tolerates a gold, red and range of soils plum in autumn. including Greyish-brown waterlogged bark. White sites. Suckering flowers in can be an spring. inconvenience. Suits areas with limited space.

Quercus Qac 15x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 High frost and Sawtooth oak. acutissima Paved areas. moderate Unusual bright Dry sites. drought green foliage, Exposed sites. tolerance. turning golden Tolerates poor in autumn. soils but prefers Deep brown moist, acidic bark becoming soils. Acorn deeply fissured drop may be a with age. Slow nuisance in growing. pedestrian areas.

* Quercus Qdo 15x12 ASV <43m3 7 1 2.5 High frost and Blue oak. douglasii Paved areas. drought Slender trunk. tolerance. Small blue- New species Grows well on green foliage. dry slopes and Light grey bark. in shallow sites. Slow growing. Susceptible to powdery mildew. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

* Quercus Qen 15x14 ASV <59m3 8 1 2.5 High frost and Mesa oak. Semi- engelmannii Paved areas. drought evergreen to Poorly tolerance. Has evergreen. New species drained sites. grown well in Small green Wet sites. Canberra in foliage. Grey- shaley to clay green bark. loam soils. Leaf Slow growing. retention may Long lived. cause problems where solar access is required. Susceptible to oak leaf miner. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

pedestrian areas.

Quercus ilex Qil 12-15 ASV <68m3 7 1 2 High frost and Holm oak, holly x12-15 Wet sites. drought oak. Evergreen. Poorly tolerance. Dense crown. drained sites. Tolerates a Dark leathery Paved areas. range of soils foliage. Finely but prefers fissured bark. deep soils. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

* Quercus Qpap 14x3 ASV <59m3 3 3 3 High frost and Green pillar pin palustris Paved areas. drought oak. Narrow ‘Pringreen’ Green tolerance. upright shape. Pillar Tolerates a Dark green range of soils foliage turning New species but prefers red in autumn. moist, well Furrowed grey drained acidic bark. soils. Acorns may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas. Suits areas with restricted space.

# Quercus phellos Qph 12x9 ASV <24m3 6 1 2.5 High frost and Willow oak. Paved areas. drought Distinctive tolerance. willow like Tolerates a leaves turning range of soils. yellow to Acorn drop may orange in be a nuisance in autumn. pedestrian Reddish-brown areas. back when young, becoming grey. Small acorns. Long lived.

Quercus robur Qrf 12-15x6 ASV <11m3 5 3 2.5 High frost and Columnar ‘Fastigiata’ Paved areas. drought English oak. tolerance. Dense upright Tolerates a branching. Dark range of soils. green foliage Formative turning prune to yellowish- encourage a brown in 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

single trunk. winter. Dark Acorn drop may greyish-brown be a nuisance in bark. Long lived. pedestrian A good areas. Suits alternative to areas with Lombardy restricted Poplar. space.

Quercus suber Qsu 15x15 ASV <68m3 9 1 2.5 High frost and Cork oak. drought Evergreen. tolerance. Spreading Tolerates a canopy. range of soils. Leathery grey- Leaf retention green foliage. may cause Corky bark. problems where Slow growing. solar access is Long lived. required. Acorn drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas, but they are infrequently produced.

# Quillaja QIs 10x6 ASV <11m3 4 1 N/R Moderate frost Chilean soap saponaria Dry sites. and low bark. Thick Exposed sites. drought evergreen Poor soils. tolerance. leathery leaves. Tolerates a Thick dark range of soils coloured bark. but prefers Large white deep soils. flowers. Slow Could require growing. irrigation during establishment.

Styphnolobium SOj 12- ASV <30m3 6 1 2 Moderate frost Pagoda tree. japonicum 15x10 Poorly and drought Dark green drained sites. tolerance. leaves. Light Wet sites. Prefers deeper, grey-brown Dry sites. moist well bark. Poor soils. drained soils. Yellow/cream Paved areas. Susceptible to flowers in canker. summer. Planting less Formative Tolerant of than 4 metres pruning require pollution. from to develop a hydraulic single trunk. services Fruit drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

areas.

Toona sinensis TOs 15x6 ASV <11m3 4 3 N/A High frost and Chinese cedar, Paved areas. moderate Chinese Dry sites. drought mahogany. Exposed sites. tolerance. Foliage is pink in Natural areas. Prefers moist spring and Creeks and clay loam soils. yellow in watercourses. Responds to autumn. Brown severe pruning. scaly bark. Fast Known to growing sucker profusely. Suits areas with restricted space and the cool damp side of buildings.

# + Ulmus glabra Ugl 10x12 ASV <43m3 7 1 N/R High frost and Golden scotch ‘Lutescens’ Suburban drought elm. Greenish- street verges. tolerance. gold leaves Dry sites. Grows in full or turning yellow Exposed sites. part sun. in autumn. Dark Poorly Formative grey-brown drained sites. pruning bark. Branches Wet sites. required to low to the reduce low ground. Fast Paved areas. branching if growing. service access is Creeks and required. Can watercourses. sucker when Natural areas. roots are disturbed. Susceptible to elm leaf beetle.

* Ulmus parvifolia Upe 10x12 ASV <43m3 7 1 2 High frost and Emerald elm. ‘Emer I’ Athena Poorly drought Globe shaped drained sites. tolerance. crown. Dark New species Wet sites. Tolerates a green leaves range of soils with serrate Paved areas. but prefers well edges. Peeling drained soils. bark. Superb Creeks and Resistant to dense shade watercourses. Dutch elm tree. Long lived. Natural areas. disease. Can sucker when roots are disturbed.

* Ulmus parvifolia Upa 13x10 ASV <30m3 6 1 2 High frost and Emerald vase, 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

‘Emer II’ Alee Poorly very high alee Chinese drained sites. drought elm. Green New species Wet sites. tolerance. foliage turning Tolerates a yellow in Paved areas. range of soils. autumn. Peeling Resistance to bark reveals a Creeks and Dutch elm mosaic pattern. watercourses. disease. Can Long lived. Natural areas. sucker when roots are disturbed.

* Ulmus parvifolia Upt 10x11 ASV <30m3 7 1 2 High frost and Todd Chinese ‘Todd’ drought elm. Wide Paved areas. tolerance. spreading New species Tolerates a branches. Dark Creeks and wide range of green leaves watercourses. soils. Can grow turning Natural areas. vigorously if bronze/yellow irrigation is in autumn. provided during Grey-brown establishment. bark, exfoliating Formative to reveal pruning brown-orange required to bark. encourage a single trunk and good branch structure. Resistant to Dutch elm disease and elm leaf beetle. Vigorous root system which can sucker if disturbed.

Ulmus parvifolia Upy 15x12- ASV <68m3 6 1 2 High frost and Yarralumla ‘Yarralumla Clone’ 15 moderate Chinese elm. Creeks and drought Weeping form watercourses. tolerance. of Ulmus Natural areas. Tolerate a range parvifolia. Small of soils. Has glossy green performed well leaves turning in Canberra. yellow in Formative autumn. prune to ensure Attractive a single leader. peeling bark. Can have a slow establishment period.

* Ulmus ‘Sapporo Uag 12x8 ASV <19m3 5 1 4 High frost and Sapporo 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

Autumn Gold’ Creeks and drought autumn gold watercourses. tolerance. elm. Dark green New species Natural areas. Tolerates a foliage turning range of soils. bright gold in Resistant to autumn. Pale Dutch Elm grey fissured Disease bark. Long lived. One of the most successful hybrid elm cultivars.

* X Chitalpa CHt 10x8 ASV <19m3 5 1 4 High frost and Chitalpa. Dark tashkentensis Poorly drought green leaves drained sites. tolerance. and turning New species Wet sites. Prefers well yellow in drained soils. autumn. Grey- Can have brown fissured vigorous growth bark. Pale lilac in early years. trumpet shaped Susceptible to flowers in powdery summer. A mildew in the sterile hybrid so USA. Formative does not pruning may be produce fruit. required to create a single trunk.

Zelkova serrata ZEs 12- ASV <43m3 8 1 2 High frost and Japanese 15x10- Poorly moderate zelkova, keyaki. 12 drained sites. drought Excellent Wet sites. tolerance. uniformity and Tolerates a branch range of soils structure. Dark but needs good green foliage drainage. turning Possibly red/orange in susceptible to autumn. elm leaf beetle. Smooth grey bark. Good alternative to elms.

* Zelkova serrata ZEgv 14x10 ASV <30m3 6 1 2 High frost and Green vase ‘Green Vase’ Poorly drought zelkova. Upright drained sites. tolerance. vase shape New species Wet sites. Tolerates a habit. Green range of soils foliage turning but needs good yellow and drainage. copper bronze Prefers full sun in autumn. but tolerates Smooth grey part shade. bark. Good 23.1.5 Introduced trees 10 to 15 metres high

alternative to Celtis australis.

* Zelkova serrata ZEmu 14x5 ASV <8m3 4 3 2 High frost and Musashino ‘Musashino’ Wet sites. drought zelkova. Narrow Poorly tolerance. compact habit. New species drained sites. Toelrates a Green foliage range of soils turning yellow but needs good and copper- drainage. Grows bronze in in full sun or autumn. part shade. Smooth grey Good for use as bark. A possible a screening tree alternative to and in restricted Celtis australis. spaces.

+ Use of some Ulmus species restricted to replacements in existing plantings only. No new designs using these species will be approved. 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

Acer japonicum ACj 7x7 ASV <15m3 5 2 N/R High frost and Japanese maple. medium Brilliant red Exposed sites. drought autumn colour. Dry sites. tolerance. Rough scaly Poorly Tolerates a bark. Often low drained sites. range of soils branching. Wet sites. but prefers well drained sites. Creeks and Susceptible to watercourses. aphid account Natural areas. on new growth. Formative pruning required when ground clearance is necessary. Prefers sheltered sites.

* Acer japonicum ACjv 5x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Downy ‘Vitifolium’ medium Japanese maple, Exposed sites. drought full moon New species Dry sites. tolerance. maple. Vase Poorly Tolerates a shaped tree. drained sites. range of soils Foliage is Wet sites. but prefers well bronze in drained sites. spring, turning Creeks and Prefers green in watercourses. sheltered sites; summer and Natural areas. more suited to brilliant scarlet sheltered, in autumn. established Greyish-brown suburbs. bark. Large purplish-red flowers.

* Acer palmatum ACt 4-6x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Trompenburg ‘Trompenburg’ moderate Japanese maple. Exposed sites. drought Purple leaves New species Dry sites. tolerance. Does turning bright Poorly not tolerate crimson in drained sites. heavy clay soils. autumn. Fast Wet sites. Could require growing. additional Creeks and irrigation during watercourses. establishment Natural areas. to prevent leaf burn. Prefers sheltered sites; more suited to sheltered, established 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

suburbs.

* Acer ACps 7x4 ASV <8m3 3 3 2 High frost and Upright purple platanoides low drought Norway maple. ‘Crimson Sentry’ Exposed sites. tolerance. Dense red to Dry sites. Prefers well purple foliage. New species Poorly drained fertile Greyish-black drained sites. soils with bark. Wet sites. reliable moisture. Paved areas* Vigorous surface roots. Creeks and Could be watercourses. susceptible to Natural areas. rust fungus.

* Acer rubrum ACro 9x5 ASV <8m3 4 3 2 High frost and Lipstick tree. ‘October Glory’ moderate Dark green Exposed sites. drought leaves turning New species Dry sites. tolerance. dark pink-red Poorly Tolerates then vivid red in drained sites. occasional autumn. Thin Wet sites. flooding. dark grey bark. Irrigation may Fast growing. Paved areas* be required in prolonged hot, Creeks and dry summers. watercourses. Vigorous Natural areas. surface roots.

* Arbutus ARan 8x7 ASV <8m3 5 2 4 High frost and Grecian andrachne moderate strawberry tree. Exposed sites. drought Shiny leaves. New species Dry sites. tolerance. Smooth Tolerates a cinnamon Creeks and range of soils. coloured bark. watercourses. Provides habitat White flowers Natural areas. and food for followed by fauna. Fruit orange fruit. drop may be a Often multi- minor nuisance trunked. in pedestrian / Hybridises with paved areas. Arbutus unedo to form Arbutus x andrachnoides.

# Arbutus X ARa 10x8 ASV <19m3 5 2 2 High frost and Hybrid andrachnoides very high strawberry tree. Exposed sites. drought Often multi- Dry sites. tolerance. trunked. Dense Tolerates a dark green range of soils. foliage. 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

Creeks and Provides habitat Cinnamon watercourses. and food for coloured bark, Natural areas. fauna. Fruit shedding in drop may be a strips. White minor nuisance flowers in in pedestrian / spring. Small paved areas. red fruit in autumn. Slow growing.

* Arbutus ARm 8x6 ASV <11m3 4 2 2 Moderate frost Pacific menziesii and high madrone. Can Exposed sites. drought be multi- New species Dry sites. tolerance. trunked with Prefers well crooked growth. Creeks and drained soils. Thick glossy watercourses. Could benefit green leaves. Natural areas. from elevated Smooth red- sites for frost brown peeling protection. Fruit bark. White drop may be a flowers in minor nuisance spring. Red to in pedestrian / orange fruit. paved areas. Long lived. Shade intolerant.

Arbutus unedo ARu 5x4 ASV <11m3 3 2 2 High frost and Strawberry tree, drought Irish strawberry Exposed sites. tolerance. tree. Glossy Dry sites. Tolerates a dark green Poor soils. range of soils foliage. Poorly but prefers well Attractive red- drained sites. drained sites. brown bark, Wet sites. Occasionally peeling to attacked by reveal white Creeks and black scale. underneath. watercourses. Provides food White flowers. Natural areas. for fauna. Yellow/red fruit. Useful for low windbreaks. Also listed as a shrub.

* Crataegus CRps 6x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 4 High frost and Midland laevigata (syn. drought hawthorn. oxyacantha) Paved areas. tolerance. Glossy dark ‘Paul’s Scarlet’ Creeks and Tolerates a green leaves. watercourses. range of soils. Smooth greyish- New species Natural areas. Could be brown bark. susceptible to Double scarlet cherry tree slug. flowers. Red Fruit drop may berries. Slow to be a minor moderate 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

nuisance in growth. pedestrian / paved areas.

Fraxinus excelsior FRp 7x8 ASV <19m3 5 2 4 High frost and Golden weeping ‘Aurea Pendula’ Dry sites. low drought ash. Rounded Exposed sites. tolerance. tree with a Poor soils. Prefers good pendulous Creeks and soil fertility and habit. Bright watercourses. moist soils green leaves Natural areas. conditions; turning golden tolerates wet yellow in Planting less soils. Formative autumn. Lightly than 4 metres pruning can fissured grey- from create a small brown bark. hydraulic formal services. specimen tree.

Gleditsia GLsu 9x8-10 ASV <19m3 5 2 2 High frost and Sunburst honey triacanthos Creeks and very high locust. Semi ‘Sunburst’ watercourses. drought weeping habit. Natural areas. tolerance. Green foliage Tolerates a with golden Paved areas* range of soils. yellow new Shallow, growth. vigorous root Thornless dark system; can grey bark. Can sucker when seasonally roots are produce seed disturbed. Seed pods. pods may be a minor nuisance in pedestrian areas.

* Gleditsia GLco 9x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 2 High frost and Continental tricanthos var. Creeks and drought honey locust. inermis watercourses. tolerance. Upright form ‘Continental’ Natural areas. Tolerates a and narrow range of soils growth habit. New species Poorly but prefers Dark green drained sites. deeper well leaves turning Wet sites. drained soils. yellow in May sucker if autumn. Dark roots are green thornless disturbed. Seed bark. pods may be a Occasionally minor nuisance produces seed in pedestrian pods seasonally. areas when produced.

Juglans nigra JUn 6-10x4- ASV <19m3 6 1 N/R High frost and Black walnut. 8m Paved areas. moderate Yellow autumn 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

drought colour. tolerance. Furrowed Tolerates a brown bark. wide range of Long lived. soils. Fruit drop Excellent shade of edible nuts tree. may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

Koelreuteria KOp 7-10x7 ASV <15m3 5 2 N/R High frost and Golden rain paniculata Dry sites. drought tree. Foliage is Exposed sites. tolerance. yellow/orange Poorly Tolerates a in autumn and drained sites. range of soils bronze in Wet sites. but prefers spring. Greyish- deep well brown bark. drained soils. Yellow flowers. Could require Striking irrigation during pendulous seed establishment. pods. Slow Has performed growing. well in Canberra.

* Lagerstroemia x LAb 7x5 ASV <8m3 4 5 2 High frost and Biloxi crepe L. fauriei ’Biloxi’ drought myrtle. Open tolerance. vase shaped New species Tolerates a form. Leaves range of soils. turn Mildew yellow/orange resistant. in autumn. Formative Exfoliating pruning can be cinnamon undertaken to coloured bark. promote a high Pale pink canopy. flowers late summer to autumn.

* Lagerstroemia x LAm 6x5 ASV <8m3 4 5 2 High frost and Muskogee L. fauriei Car parks. drought crepe myrtle. ’Muskogee’ tolerance. Open vase Tolerates a shaped form. New species range of soils. Leaves turn Mildew yellow/orange resistant. in autumn. Formative Exfoliating pruning can be cinnamon undertaken to coloured bark. promote a high Lavender canopy. flowers late summer to 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

autumn.

* Lagerstroemia x LAn 8x6 ASV <11m3 4 5 2 High frost and Natchez crepe L. fauriei drought myrtle. Open ’Natchez’ tolerance. vase shaped Tolerates a form. Leaves New species range of soils. turn red/bronze Mildew in autumn. resistant. Exfoliating Formative cinnamon pruning can be coloured bark. undertaken to White flowers promote a high late summer to canopy. autumn.

* Lagerstroemia x LAo 8x8 ASV <19m3 5 5 2 High frost and Osage crepe L. fauriei ‘Osage’ drought myrtle. Open tolerance. vase shaped New species Tolerates a form. Leaves range of soils. turn red/orange Mildew in autumn. resistant. Exfoliating Formative cinnamon pruning can be coloured bark. undertaken to Pale pink promote a high flowers late canopy. summer to autumn.

* Lagerstroemia x LAs 5x3 ASV <5m3 3 5 2 High frost and Sioux crepe L. fauriei ’Sioux’ drought myrtle. Vase tolerance. shaped form. New species Tolerates a Dark green range of soils. leaves turning Mildew coppery resistant. brown/red in Formative autumn. Dark pruning can be bark exfoliating undertaken to to reveal pinkish promote a high bark canopy. underneath. Intense pink flowers in summer.

* Lagerstroemia x LAt 6x4 ASV <5m3 Dry 3 5 2 High frost and Crepe myrtle. L. fauriei sites. Exposed drought Open vase ’Tuscarora’ sites. tolerance. shaped form. Tolerates a Leaves turn New species range of soils reddish-orange but prefers in autumn. moist well Exfoliating drained soils. cinnamon Mildew coloured bark. 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

resistant. Deep pink Formative flowers late pruning can be summer to undertaken to autumn. promote a high canopy.

Laurus nobilis LRn 6x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Bay laurel, bay Creeks and drought tree. Dark green New species watercourses. tolerance. aromatic Natural areas. Tolerates a foliage. Shiny range of soils. grey bark. Small Formative shiny black pruning berries. Slow required to growing. encourage a single trunk. Fruit drop may be a minor nuisance in pedestrian / paved areas. Also listed as a shrub.

Malus floribunda MAf 5x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Japanese Creeks and moderate flowering crab. watercourses. drought Bright green Natural areas. tolerance. leaves turning Tolerates a yellow in Paved areas. range of soils. autumn. Shiny Formative reddish-brown Planting less pruning is bark. than 2 metres required to Conspicuous from reduce low pink flowers hydraulic branching if early in the services. service access is season. Small required or if fruit. used in streets. Flowers best in full sun. Fruit drop may be a nuisance in pedestrian / paved areas.

Malus halliana MAh 4x4 ASV <5m3 3 2 N/R High frost and Parkman crab ‘Parkmanii’ Poorly drought apple. Dark drained sites. tolerance. glossy foliage Wet sites. Tolerates a turning yellow Creeks and range of soils in autumn. watercourses. but prefers well Pendulous rose- Natural areas. drained sites. red flower buds Formative opening to 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

Planting less pruning is shell-pink semi- than 2 metres required to double flowers. from reduce low Very low fruit hydraulic branching if production. services. service access is required or if used in streets.

Malus ioensis MAi 6x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Bechtel’s crab ‘Plena’ Poorly drought apple. Green drained sites. tolerance. Does leaves turning Wet sites. not tolerate orange to dark Creeks and wood logged red in autumn. watercourses. soils, prefers Conspicuous Natural areas. good drainage. double pink Formative flowers in late Planting less pruning require spring. Low fruit than 2 metres to encourage a production. from single trunk and Slow growing. hydraulic if service access services. is required. Fruit drop may be a minor nuisance in pedestrian / paved areas.

* Malus x MAp 7x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Purple flowered purpurea Creeks and moderate crab apple. watercourses. drought Bronze leaves New species Natural areas. tolerance. when young, Tolerates a becoming Paved areas. range of soils. purplish-green. Grows in full Wine-red Planting less sun and part flowers. Light than 2 metres shade. Fruit crimson fruit. from drop may be a hydraulic minor nuisance services. in pedestrian / paved areas. Fruit is used as food by some birds.

* Meila MEc 8x7 ASV <15m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Chinaberry, azedarach Creeks and drought cape lilac. Deep ‘Caroline’ watercourses. tolerance. green glossy Natural areas. Tolerates a foliage turning New species range of soils. yellow in Paved areas. Fruit drop may autumn. Grey- be a minor brown fissured nuisance in bark. Lilac pedestrian / flowers. Grafted paved areas. form reported 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

to be a low fruiting variety.

* Melia MEe 8x9 ASV <24m3 6 2 N/R High frost and Chinaberry, azedarach ‘Elite’ Creeks and drought cape lilac. Deep watercourses. tolerance. green glossy New species Natural areas. Tolerates a foliage turning Paved areas. range of soils. yellow in Responds well autumn. Grey- to formative brown fissured pruning. Low bark. Reputed weed potential to have very low due to lack of numbers of fruit fruit/flowers. and flowers.

* Phellodendron PHa 8x9 ASV <24m3 6 2 N/R High frost and Amur cork tree. amurense Creeks and drought Glossy green watercourses. tolerance. foliage turning New species Natural areas. Tolerates wet yellow in sites and autumn. Dry sites. prefers moist Attractive corky Exposed sites. locations. bark. Clusters of Vigorous black fruit on Paved areas. surface roots. female plants Fruit drop may through be a minor summer and nuisance in autumn. Fast pedestrian / growing. paved areas. A declared weed in parts of north east USA.

Pistacia chinensis PSc 8-10x6 ASV <11m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Chinese Creeks and drought pistachio. Green (P. sinensis) watercourses. tolerance. foliage turning Natural areas. Tolerates a brilliant red, range of soils. orange and Has performed yellow in very well in autumn. Canberra. Fruit Reddish berries drop may be a on female minor nuisance plants in in pedestrian / autumn. A paved areas. superb Female plants specimen tree. are recognised as weeds in part of Australia. The male non- fruiting cultivar should be used when possible. 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

#* Prunus Pag 5x2 ASV <1m3 Dry 2 3 N/R High frost and Flowering ‘Amanogawa’ sites. Exposed moderate cherry. sites. Poorly drought Fastigiate form. drained sites. tolerance. Green leaves Wet sites. Tolerates most turning gold and soils, but red in autumn. prefers well Green and red drained soils. flaky bark. Could require Clusters of additional semi-double irrigation during shell-pink establishment. flowers. Susceptible to pear and cherry slug. Suits restricted areas.

Prunus Pam 7x5 ASV <8m3 3 2 N/R High frost and Flowering amygdalus Creeks and drought almond. Yellow watercourses. tolerance. autumn colour. (P. dulcis) Natural areas. Tolerates a Pale brown Poorly range of soils fissured bark. drained sites. but prefers well White or pale Wet sites. drained sites. pink flowers in Can be spring. Fruit is susceptible to used as a food shot hole. source by some Formative birds. prune for service access. Fruit drop may be a minor nuisance in pedestrian / paved areas.

Prunus X blireiana Pbl 5x5 ASV <5m3 3 5 N/R High frost and Flowering plum, Creeks and drought purple-leaf watercourses. tolerance. plum. Vase like Natural areas. Tolerates a canopy. Pale range of soils. purplish-green Has performed leaves. Dark very well in purple-red Canberra. branches. Flowers best in Double rose full sun. pink flowers. Formative Does not pruning produce fruit. required to Fast growing encourage a when young. single trunk.

Prunus Pca 5-7x5-8 ASV <19m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Taiwan campanulata Dry sites. moderate flowering 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

Exposed sites. drought cherry. Bright Poorly tolerance. green leaves drained sites. Prefers well turning orange Wet sites. drained sites. in autumn. Creeks and Susceptible to Shiny reddish- watercourses. pear and cherry brown bark. Natural areas. slug. Formative Deep pink-red pruning may be flowers in required for spring. Small service access. round cherries. Fruit drop may Fast growing. be a minor nuisance in pedestrian / paved areas.

Prunus cerasifera Pcn 6x5 ASV <8m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Black cherry ‘Nigra’ Creeks and drought plum. Dark watercourses. tolerance. purple leaves. Natural areas. Tolerates a Dark brown range of soils. bark. Pink Paved areas. Has performed flowers before very well in foliage. Small Canberra. dark red-purple Susceptible to fruit. pear and cherry slug. Fruit drop may be a minor nuisance in pedestrian / paved areas. Formative pruning required to encourage a single trunk.

* Prunus Pcos 6x2 ASV <11m3 2 3 N/R High frost and Oakville crimson cerasifera Wet sites. moderate spire cherry ‘Oakville Crimson Poorly drought plum. Fastigiate Spire’ drained sites. tolerance. form. Dark plum Creeks and Prefers well coloured leaves. New species watercourses. drained soils. Smooth purple- Natural areas. Flowers best in grey bark. full sun. Good Abundance of for use in areas white flowers. with limited space.

Prunus cerasifera Pcp 6x4 ASV <5m3 3 2 N/R High frost and Cherry plum, ‘Pissardii’ Wet sites. moderate white flowering Poorly drought plum. Dark red drained sites. tolerance. young foliage Creeks and Tolerates a turning bronze- 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

watercourses. range of soils purple into Natural areas. but prefers well summer. Rough drained soils. dark brown Tolerates full bark. White sun to shade. flowers in Susceptible to profusion. pear and cherry slug. Formative pruning required to encourage a single trunk.

Prunus mume Pmu 5x4 ASV <5m3 3 2 N/R High frost and Flowering Wet sites. moderate apricot, Poorly drought Japanese drained sites. tolerance. apricot. Light Creeks and Tolerates a green foliage. watercourses. range of soils Smooth grey- Natural areas. but prefers well brown bark. drained soils. Single pink or Susceptible to white flowers shot hole and early in the leaf curl. Fruit season. Golden drop may be a yellow fruit. minor nuisance in pedestrian / paved areas.

Prunus persica Ppe 5x5 ASV <11m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Flowering Dry sites. moderate peach. Yellow Exposed sites. drought autumn colour. Creeks and tolerance. Smooth grey watercourses. Tolerates a bark. Pale pink, Natural areas. range of soils white or red but prefers well flowers in spring drained soils. before leaves. Susceptible to Often non- curly leaf. fruiting Seasonal cultivars. pruning encourages greater flower set for the next season. Only male non- fruiting cultivars are to be used.

#* Prunus Psk 5x3 ASV <3m3 3 2 N/R High frost and Kanzan ‘Sekiyama’ Poorly moderate flowering (‘Kanzan’) drained sites. drought cherry. Vase Wet sites. tolerance. shaped crown. Creeks and Tolerates a Young leaves 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

watercourses. range of soils are coppery- Natural areas. but prefers well red, becoming drained soils. dark green. Susceptible to Smooth bark pear and cherry with horizontal slug. Grows in lenticels. full sun to part Double shade. May purplish-pink require flowers in supplementary spring. irrigation. Fruit drop may be a minor nuisance in pedestrian / paved areas.

Prunus serrulata Pse 8x5 ASV <8m3 Dry 3 2 N/R High frost and Ornamental sites. Poorly moderate flowering drained sites. drought cherry. Flat Wet sites. tolerance. topped tree Creeks and Tolerates a with spreading watercourses. range of soils branches. Green Natural areas. but prefers well leaves turning drained loams. yellow to red in Susceptible to autumn. pear and cherry Smooth slug. Pruning chestnut brown not bark. Large recommended, double white or allowing unique pink flowers. growth habit to flourish. Fruit drop may be a minor nuisance in pedestrian / paved areas.

#* Prunus Psf 6x6 ASV <11m3 4 2 N/R High frost and Japanese ‘Shirofugen’ Dry sites. moderate flowering Exposed sites. drought cherry. Young Poorly tolerance. leaves are drained sites. Tolerates a bronze, turning Wet sites. range of soils yellow to Creeks and but prefers well tawny-bronze in watercourses. drained sites. autumn. Natural areas. Susceptible to Coppery-red pear and cherry bark. White to slug. Formative pale rose-purple pruning is best flowers in large carried out in clusters late in summer. the season. Fast growing.

#* Prunus Pst 5x5 ASV <8m3 Dry 4 2 N/R High frost and Mt Fuji cherry. 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

‘Shirotae’ sites. Exposed moderate Strong (‘Mt. Fuji’) sites. Poorly drought horizontal drained sites. tolerance. branching. Wet sites. Tolerates a Green foliage Creeks and range of soils turning bronze- watercourses. but prefers well red and orange Natural areas. drained sites. in autumn. Susceptible to White flowers in pear and cherry drooping slug. Could clusters. Fast require growing. additional irrigation during establishment.

* Prunus X Pys 7x5 ASV <8m3 Dry 4 2 High frost and Yoshino cherry, yedoensis sites. Poorly moderate Tokyo cherry. drained sites. drought New leaves are New species Creeks and tolerance. bronze in watercourses. Tolerates a spring, changing Natural areas. range of soils to green in but prefers well summer and drained sites. turning yellow Susceptible to in autumn. pear and cherry Smooth grey slug. Flowers bark. White to best in full sun. pale pink flowers in large clusters.

# + Ulmus glabra Ugh 9x5 ASV <8m3 Dry 5 2 N/R Shade/sun. Specimen tree. ‘Horizontalis’ sites. Exposed Susceptible to Yellow autumn sites. Poorly Dutch elm foliage. Needs factsheet drained sites. disease. Wet sites.

Paved areas.

Creeks and watercourses. Natural areas.

* Zelkova serrata ZEsw 7x9 ASV <24m3 6 5 High frost and Wireless ‘Schmidtlow’ Wet sites. drought zelkova. Broad (Wireless) Poorly tolerance. spreading habit. drained sites. Tolerates a Green foliage New species range of soils turning but prefers well yellow/copper drained sites. bronze in Prefers full sun autumn. but tolerates Exfoliating bark part shade. to reveal orange Ideal for use inner bark. under power Superb shade 23.1.6 Introduced trees less than 10 metres high

lines. tree. 23.1.7 Conifer trees

Cedrus atlantica CDa 20x15- ASV <121m3 11 4 N/R High frost and Blue atlas cedar. ‘Glauca’ 20 Poorly drought Low branching drained sites. tolerance. Has habit. Stiff Wet sites. performed very silvery blue Screening. well in needles. Rough, Shelter belts. Canberra. plated dark grey Tolerates a bark. Slow range of soils growing. Long but prefers lived. well-drained loamy soils.

Cedrus deodara CDd 20x15- ASV <121m3 11 4 N/R High frost and Deodar cedar, 20 Poorly drought Himalayan drained sites. tolerance. Has cedar. Tall Wet sites. performed very spreading tree. well in Bright green Canberra. needles. Grey Tolerates a furrowed bark. range of soils Slow growing. but prefers Long lived. well-drained sites.

Cedrus libani CDl 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 4 N/R High frost and Cedar of Poorly drought Lebanon. Tall drained sites. tolerance. tree with Wet sites. Tolerates a horizontal range of soils spreading but prefers well branches. Dark drained sites. green to blue Susceptible to green needles. rust fungus. Grey green fissured bark. Slow growing, Long lived.

Cupressus CUa 20x12- ASV <68m3 6 4 N/R High frost and Arizona cypress. arizonica 15 Suburban drought Dense bluish street verges. tolerance. foliage. Bark Paved areas. Tolerates a sheds in strips range of soils. to reveal Formative reddish-brown pruning is patches. Can required to have drooping reduce low branches to the branching if ground. service access is Resistant to required. canker. Long lived.

* Cupressus CUc 20x12- ASV <68m3 7 4 N/R High frost and Kashmir 23.1.7 Conifer trees

Botanical name Code Height x Not suitable Min. Tree Root Management Design width for clearance shape barrier and siting notes characteristics from category zone building (m) setback (m) cashmeriana 15 Suburban moderate Cypress. street verges. drought Graceful New species Poorly tolerance. pendulous drained sites. Requires well branches. Blue- Wet sites. drained loamy green foliage. Dry sites. soils. Cone drop Reddish-brown Exposed sites. may be a fibrous bark. Paved sites. nuisance in Long lived. paved areas. Beautiful specimen tree.

Cupressus CUs 10- ASV <68m3 3 3 2.5 High frost and Italian cypress, sempervirens 15x3-5 drought pencil pine. ‘Stricta’ tolerance. Has Upright form. performed very Dense gre to well in blue-green Canberra. foliage. Grey Tolerates a lightly fissured wide range of bark. Long lived. soils. Formal Susceptible to appearance. canker problems. Suits areas with restricted space.

Cupressus CUg 10- ASV <68m3 3 3 N/R High frost and Italian cypress, sempervirens 15x3-5 drought pencil pine. ‘Swane’s Golden’ tolerance. Upright form. Should perform Dense golden comparatively foliage. Grey to Cupressus lightly fissured sempervirens bark. Long lived. ‘Stricta’. Formal Tolerates a appearance. wide range of soils. Susceptible to canker problems. Suits areas with restricted space.

Cupressus CUt 15- ASV <30m3 5 4 N/R High frost and Bhutan cypress. torulosa 20x8-10 Suburban very high Slender street verges. drought drooping Poorly tolerance. branches. Scale- drained sites. Tolerates a like green/blue- Wet sites. range of soils green foliage. Paved areas. but prefers well Greyish brown drained sites. fibrous bark. 23.1.7 Conifer trees

Vigorous root Long lived. system. Cone drop may be a nuisance in paved areas.

* Larix deciduas LXd 12x8 ASV <19m3 5 4 4 High frost and European larch, Poorly low drought common larch. New species drained sites. tolerance. Deciduous. Wet sites. Requires deep, Upwardly Paved areas. moist well- curved drained soils branches. Bright and does not green needle- tolerate high like foliage pH. Could turning yellow- require brown in irrigation during autumn. establishment Greyish-brown and beyond, bark. Slow particularly growing. during dry Impressive periods. specimen tree. Susceptible to mite and scale.

* Pinus brutia PIb 20x15 ASV <68m3 9 4 N/R High frost and Cyprus pine, Suburban drought Turkish pine. New species street verges. tolerance. Bright green to Paved area. Tolerates a yellowish-green range of soils. needles. Thick Creeks and Cone drop may orange-red watercourses. be a nuisance in bark. Heavy Natural areas. pedestrian cones 6 to 11cm areas. long. Long lived. Fast growing. Specimen tree.

Pinus canariensis PIc 25x15 ASV <68m3 9 4 N/R High frost and Canary Island Suburban very high pine. Long, street verges. drought green to yellow- Poorly tolerance. green drooping drained sites. Tolerates most needles. Wet sites. soils but prefers Reddish-brown well drained furrowed bark. Creeks and sites. Pruning Brown cones watercourses. can renew its 10-20cm long. Natural areas. crown from Specimen tree. epicormic growth. Cone drop can be a nuisance in pedestrian areas. 23.1.7 Conifer trees

* Pinus eldarica PIe 15x10 ASV <30m3 8 4 N/R High frost and Mondell pine. Suburban drought Needles are 8- New species street verges. tolerance. 14cm long. Poorly Tolerates most Silvery-grey drained sites. soils but prefers bark. Reddish- Wet sites. well drained brown oblong sites. Cone drop cones. Long Creeks and may be a lived. Specimen watercourses. nuisance in tree. Natural areas. pedestrian areas. Useful as a windbreak.

Pinus halepensis PIh 15- ASV <43m3 8 4 N/R High frost Aleppo pine. 20x12 Suburban tolerance and Bushy street verges. very high windswept Poorly drought appearance. drained sites. tolerance. One Yellowish-green Wet sites. of the most needles. suitable pines Reddish-brown Creeks and for dry areas. furrowed bark. watercourses. Tolerates a Cones point Natural areas. range of soils downwards on except light branches. The sandy soils. lone pine of Cone drop may ANZAC be a nuisance in tradition. pedestrian Silver/grey bark. areas.

Pinus patula PIp 15x10 ASV <30m3 8 4 N/R High frost Mexican pine. Suburban tolerance and Distinctive street verges. very high drooping habit. drought Slender pale Creeks and tolerance. green to yellow watercourses. Tolerates a needles. Natural areas. range of soils. Reddish-brown Cone drop may bark. Reddish- be a nuisance in brown cones. pedestrian Fast growing. areas. Superb specimen tree.

Pinus pinea PIpi 15x12 ASV <43m3 8 4 N/R High frost and Stone pine, Suburban drought umbrella pine. street verges. tolerance. Distinctive Tolerates a umbrella Creeks and range of soils. shaped crown. watercourses. Cone drop, Green needles Natural areas. including edible 10-20cm long. nuts, may be a Reddish-brown nuisance in bark. Large pedestrian cones. Edible areas. seeds. Long 23.1.7 Conifer trees

lived. Superb specimen tree.

Pinus sabinana PIs 15x10 ASV <30m3 8 4 N/R High frost and Digger pine. Suburban drought Long light grey- street verges. tolerance. green needles. Car parks. Tolerates a Dark brown Playing fields. range of soils. deeply Grows in full or furrowed bark. Creeks and part sun. Large Large heavy watercourses. cone drop may cones. Natural areas. be a nuisance in pedestrian areas and urban parks, particularly around playgrounds.

Pinus torreyana PIt 15- ASV <68m3 9 4 N/R High frost and Torrey pine. 20x15 Suburban drought Dark green street verges. tolerance. needles. Dark Paved areas. Tolerates a grey to black wide range of with deep Creeks and soils. Cone furrows. Long watercourses. drop, including lived. Natural areas. edible nuts, may be a nuisance in pedestrian areas.

Taxodium TAd 20x10 ASV <43m3 8 4 3 High frost and Bald cypress, distichum Suburban moderate swamp cypress. street verges. drought Deciduous. Light Dry sites. tolerance. green feathery Exposed sites. Prefers foliage turning damp/wet sites rich brown in such as lake autumn. edges. Irrigation Reddish-brown can be bark. Often beneficial. seen with woody protuberances from the roots, up to 1m above the ground. Slow growing. Long lived.