Unit 2 Practice Test

AP Psych

4. If psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriages than poor people 1. Which of the following correlations between are, this would indicate that wealth and marital self-esteem and body weight would enable you to most satisfaction are accurately predict body weight from knowledge of level of self-esteem? A) causally related.

A) +0.60 B) negatively correlated.

B) +0.01 C) independent variables.

C) –0.10 D) dependent variables.

D) –0.06 E) positively correlated.

E) 0.00 5. Because she had a serious traffic accident on Friday the 13th of last month, Felicia is convinced that 2. An extensive survey revealed that children with all Friday the 13ths will bring bad luck. Felicia's belief relatively high self-esteem tend to picture God as kind best illustrates and loving, whereas those with lower self-esteem tend to perceive God as angry. The researchers concluded that A) the illusion of control. the children's self-esteem had apparently influenced their views of God. This conclusion best illustrates the danger B) illusory correlation. of C) the hindsight bias. A) perceiving order in random events. D) overconfidence. B) generalizing from extreme examples. E) random sampling. C) randomly sampling children's views.

D) exaggerating the extent to which others share our beliefs. 6. The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to E) assuming that correlation proves causation. A) dismiss the value of replication.

B) reject any ideas that cannot be scientifically 3. To understand the unusual behavior of an adult tested. client, a clinical psychologist carefully investigates the client's current life situation and his physical, social- C) exaggerate their ability to have foreseen the cultural, and educational history. Which research method outcome of past events. has the psychologist used? D) assume that correlation proves causation. A) the survey E) overestimate the extent to which others share B) the case study their opinions. C) experimentation

D) naturalistic observation 7. The arithmetic average of a distribution of scores is the E) correlation A) mode.

B) median. C) standard deviation. E) experimentation.

D) mean.

E) range.

8. Random sampling is to ______as random assignment is to ______.

A) correlational studies; case studies 12. The process of replication is most likely to be B) surveys; experiments facilitated by

C) illusory correlation; control group A) the hindsight bias.

D) replication; correlation B) overconfidence.

E) description; prediction C) illusory correlation.

D) operational definitions. 9. The complete set of cases from which samples E) the placebo effect. may be drawn is called a(n)

A) control condition.

B) population. 13. To determine whether a research finding is C) case study. statistically significant, researchers D) independent variable. A) compare the means of the control group and E) survey. experimental group. B) survey other researchers to ensure the hypothesis is significant. 10. The most foolproof way of testing the true effectiveness of a newly introduced method of C) perform detailed case studies to validate psychological therapy is by means of findings.

A) survey research. D) confirm correlational evidence with empirical findings. B) case study research. E) convert positive correlations to negative ones. C) naturalistic observation.

D) correlational research. 14. If scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence E) experimental research. Scale (WAIS) are normally distributed, with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15, what percentage of scores will fall between 85 and 115? 11. Correlational research is most useful for purposes of A) 34

A) explanation. B) 47

B) prediction. C) 68

C) control. D) 80

D) replication. E) 95 17. Which of the following is most likely to inhibit critical thinking?

A) operational definitions 15. Professor Delano suggests that because people are especially attracted to those who are good-looking, B) overconfidence handsome men will be more successful than average- looking men in getting a job. The professor's prediction C) random assignment regarding employment success is an example of D) naturalistic observation A) the hindsight bias. E) the double-blind procedure B) the placebo effect.

C) a hypothesis.

D) illusory correlation. 18. Professor Woo noticed that the distribution of E) an operational definition. students' scores on her last biology test had an extremely small standard deviation. This indicates that the

A) test was given to a very small class of students.

B) students' scores tended to be very similar to one 16. A researcher who deceives participants about the another. goals of the research needs to fully inform them of the true nature of the study later, according to which ethical C) mean test score was lower than the median principle of human experimentation? score.

A) informed consent D) students generally performed very well on the test. B) protection from harm E) test was a poor measure of the students' C) confidentiality knowledge.

D) debriefing

E) coercion