Who Came up with It? When? - John L O Sullivan. 1845
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Kip Williams
Definition of Manifest Destiny- The idea popular in the United States during the 1800’s that the country must expand its boundaries to the Pacific.
Who came up with it? When? - John L O’Sullivan. 1845.
Oregon Country:
Where is it? – A huge area of land between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains north of California.
What states came from it? - Washington, Oregon. Treaty it was from - Adams-Otis Treaty (Great Britain)
Oregon Trail: How long was the journey? : Where did it start? : What did it go over? : What rivers did it cross? - 2,000 miles: Mississippi Valley: Great plains, Rocky Mountains: Columbia River, Platte River, Snake River.
“Fifty-Four forty or fight!” What does this mean? – The line of latitude that the United States insisted as its boundaries.
Texas:
Main Idea – Texas won their independence from Mexico and asked to be admitted to the United States.
Conflict over Texas started when? – 1803
What did Stephen F. Austin do? – He brought the old 300 into Texas and organized the first land grant colony in Texas.
In 1830, what did the Mexican government decree and how did Americans feel?- Mexico stopped all immigration from the United States while at the same time encouraging Mexican and European families to go to Texas using their generous land grants, and discouraged trade between Texas and Mexico by putting a tax on imported goods from the United States.
Who became president of Mexico in 1833? - Santa Anna
What was the Alamo and what happened there in 1836? - It was an old Spanish mission that a small Texan militia used as a fort; The Mexican troops marched to san Antonio and battled the American troops at the Alamo it took twelve days before the Mexicans launched a full head on attack of the Alamo killing all the people inside except for a few women and children.
When did Texas declare independence? Where? – March 2nd, 1836; Washington on the Brazos Who was the commander in chief of the Texas forces after it declared its independence? - Sam Houston
Battle of San Jacinto:
When? : What was the battle cry? : What happened at the end of the battle? : Why did Andrew Jackson refuse to annex Texas? - April 21st, 1836; Remember the Alamo! Remember Goliad!; Santa Anna signed a treaty that recognized the independence of Texas; because adding another slave state would upset the balance of slave-states to non-slave-states, and they didn't want to risk a fight with Mexico.
When did Texas become a state? - 1845
Who was the president of the U.S. when Texas became a state? - James K. Polk
New Mexico
What states are included in the territory? - New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and part of Colorado and Wyoming
What was the Santa Fe trail and what land/rivers did it cover? - William Becknell's trail from the American settlements to Santa Fe, New Mexico that settlers traveled to trade goods in Santa Fe; The trail crossed the Mississippi river, Missouri, and crossed the prairies to the Arkansas River, it followed that to the Rocky Mountains before turning south to New Mexico.
How did trade with New Mexico increase affect the U.S.? - Because trade increase so much, American citizens started settling there, this caused the idea of Manifest destiny to really get into the minds of the Americans.
What had influenced culture in California? - At the time there was a lot of Europeans, specifically from Spain, in California they built Missions and brought their culture to California. Later on Mexico started taking over California, and, like the Spaniards, brought their culture with them.
How did John C. Fremont describe the climate in California? - He said they had a mild climate, a lot of beauty, and abundance of natural resources.
What did some Americans say was the benefit of extending the U.S. to the Pacific? - So that they could set up ports at the Pacific Ocean for trade with china and Japan, and so that that they could be between two oceans and not foreign powers. What did the U.S. insist was the border of Texas? - The Rio Grande River
What did Mexico say was the Mexican border? – The Nueces River.
Why did Polk call an emergency cabinet meeting and what did they agree upon? – He called upon a meeting because on April 24th, Mexican soldiers attacked a small force of Taylor’s soldiers, and at the meeting they agreed that the attack was grounds for war with Mexico.
How did Fredrick Douglas feel about the Mexican War and why? - He said it was disgraceful and cruel because he believed that the United States expanding will carry slaves into the new territories.
What flag was used to show the Independent Republic of California? – A white flag with a bear and a star on it.
Who did Polk send to capture Mexico City? - General Winnfield Scott.
What was the peace treaty that ended the Mexican War and when was it signed? – Guadalupe Hidalgo, on February 2nd, 1848.
Border of Texas? – Rio Grande
New states from Mexico – California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, Colorado, and New Mexico.
1853 Purchase – Gadsden Purchase.
States from the 1853 Purchase – Parts of New Mexico and Arizona
New Settlers in California and Utah:
Gold Rush: When? : Where? : People who came to mine were called what? – It started in 1848 when James Marshall discovered gold at Sutter’s Sawmill. They were called the ‘49ers. What mountain ridge did they have to cross to get there? - Sierra Nevada Mountain Range.
What countries sent ‘49ers? – China
Define Boomtown - A community experiencing a sudden growth in business or population.
What happened to San Francisco? – People who kept pouring in to find gold decided to reside in the city of San Francisco causing San Francisco to become a boom town.
Levi Strauss: Who was he? : What did he create? : - He was a person who sold goods in California and he created blue jeans.
Religious Refuge in Utah:
What Religion? – Mormons
Founder? – Joseph Smith
What happened to him? – A mob killed him.
Who took over? – Brigham Young.
Where did they settle? – Utah.
When did Utah become a state? - 1896