Characterization of Sequence Variation in Caprine Growth
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TAMIL NADU VETERINARY and ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY TAMIL NADU VETERINARY and ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY News Letter
TAMIL NADU VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY TAMIL NADU VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY NEWS Letter Vol. 19 No. 12 DECEMBER 2019 ` 1.00 TWENTY FIRST CONVOCATION OF TANUVAS The Twenty First Convocation of TANUVAS was held at the Anna Auditorium, Madras Veterinary College on 10.12.2019. Hon’ble Governor of Tamil Nadu and Chancellor of the University, Thiru. Banwarilal Purohit presided and conferred degrees and diplomas to 356 candidates in person and 210 candidates in absentia and administered the pledge to the graduands. Thiru. Udumalai K. Radhakrishnan, Hon’ble Minister for Animal Husbandry, Government of Tamil Nadu and the Pro-Chancellor of the University participated and instituted six awards and endowments to the tune of Rs.8.6 lakhs. Dr. C. Balachandran, Vice-Chancellor, TANUVAS delivered the welcome address and presented the report on academic, research, extension and clinical activities and achievements of the University. In his welcome address, the Vice-chancellor said that TANUVAS was honored by the presence of the Hon’ble Governor of Tamil Nadu and Chancellor of the University, an eminent educationist, a renowned social activist, institution builder, ace orator, nationalist thinker and journalist. The Vice-Chancellor thanked the Hon’ble Minister for Animal Husbandry, Government of Tamil Nadu for being instrumental in establishing the fifth Veterinary College and Research Institute in Salem district and said that under his stewardship the Department is marching ahead with starting of an “Advanced Institute for Integrated Research on Livestock and Animal Sciences” at Salem, a visionary project with integration of all components of veterinary, animal sciences, dairying and fisheries sector under one roof. -
Community Conservation of Animal Breeds in Tamil Nadu
Community Conservation of Animal Breeds in Tamil Nadu P. Vivekanandan SEVA, Madurai, Tamil Nadu Indian Pastoralists Raikas in Rajasthan – Camels Rabaris in Gujarat – Gir, Kankrej cattle Van Gujars in Himalayas – Buffalo Gaddis in Shiwalik Hills – Sheep / goat Ladak Pastoralists - Yak Dhangar Gowli in Karnataka – cattle Konar & Others in Tamil Nadu – Malaimadu / Pulikulam Cattle Todas of Nilgiris – Toda Buffalo Maintaining Animals – Dharma (A Sacred Duty Prescribed) for Certain Communities • Raikas Caste was Created by Lord Shiva to look after Camels • Yadhavas, Gujjars Descendants of Lord Krishna to care Cattle • Todas – Day-to-day Rituals are Associated with Buffaloes in the life of Toda tribes in Nilgris • Lingayats – Will give one-day rest in a week for animals and animals not milked or engaged in any work on that day How Pastoralists Benefit Society Local Livestock Breeds are Known for : • Disease Resistance • Survive better in Local Environment • Supply Organic Manure thro Penning • Supply Draught Animals • Play Role in Village Festivals / Rituals – e.g. Jallikattu (bull riding) • Suitable for Low Input Management System Breed Statistics •7600 livestock breeds in the world (FAO-2007) • One third are endangered. • One breed is being lost in every month •144 registered breeds in India (NBAGR-2013) They include 37 cattle, 13 buffalo, 23 goat, 39 sheep, 6 horses & ponies, 8 camel, 2 pig, 1 donkey,15 chicken, besides yak, mithun, duck, quail etc. These defined breeds constitute only about 20 to 25% of our farm animal population whereas the remaining farm animal population is yet to be described Umbalacherry Cattle Breed • Umbalachery Cattle Breed spread over in Nagapattinam, Thiruvarur & Thanjavur Districts of Tamil Nadu State. -
Breeds of Cattle
BREEDS OF CATTLE DEFINITION OF A BREED A Breed is a stock of animals or plants within a species having distinctive appearance. It is developed by deliberate selection, It helps in propagating the members sexually and under controlled conditions. It is a group of domesticated animals descended from common ancestor and having similar characters. Breeds are formed either as natural adaptation to the environment or by selective breeding or by the combination of the two. When bred together individuals of the same breed pass on these predictable traits to their offspring. This ability is known as breeding true. The offspring produced as a result of breeding animals of one breed with animals of another breed are known as cross breeds. CLASSIFICATION OF INDIAN CATTLE BREED: (a)Milch Breeds/Milk Breeds: cows are good milk yielders. Males are poor workers. Milk production is more than 1600 kg per lactation. Eg., Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Gir and Deoni (b) Dual Purpose Breeds: Cows are average milk yielders. Males are good workers. Milk production per lactation is 500kg to 1500kg. eg., Kankrej, Tharparker, Krishna valley. (c) Draught Breeds: Males are Good Workers. Cows are poor milk yielders. Milk yield is less than 500kg per lactation. A pair of bullocks can haul 1000kg. Net with an iron typed cart on a good road at a walking speed of 5 to 7 km per hour. They cover a distance of 30 - 40 km per day. INDIGENOUS DAIRY BREEDS OF CATTLE: (A) MILCH BREEDS: 1. Gir: Originated in Gir forests of Gujarat. Peculiarly curved horns give a half moon appearance to the head. -
Animal Breeding Policies and Strategies in Bangladesh
Animal Breeding Policies and Strategies in South Asia Edited by Nure Alam Siddiky SAARC Agriculture Centre (SAC) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation i Animal Breeding Policies and Strategies in South Asia Regional Expert Consultation on Animal Breeding Polices and Strategies for the Genetic Improvement of Indigenous Animal Resources in South Asia held on 11-13 April 2018 at Hotel da yatra, Pokhara, Nepal Edited by Nure Alam Siddiky Senior Program Officer SAARC Agriculture Centre 2018 @ 2018 SAARC Agriculture Centre Published by the SAARC Agriculture Centre (SAC), BARC Complex, New Airport Road, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh (www.sac.org.bd) All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise without prior permission of the publisher Citation Siddiky, N.A., ed. (2018). Animal Breeding Policies and Strategies in South Asia. SAARC Agriculture Centre, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh, p.172 The book contains the papers and proceedings of the regional expert consultation meeting on animal breeding policies and strategies for the genetic improvement of indigenous animal resources in South Asia held on 11-13 April 2018 at Hotel da yatra, Pokhara, Nepal organized by SAARC Agriculture Centre, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The authors for country paper preparation and presentation were the focal point experts nominated by respective SAARC Member States. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not imply any opinion whatsoever on the part of SAC, especially concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Scientific Dairy Farming Practices for the Semi-Arid Tropics
Scientific Dairy Farming Practices for the Semi-Arid Tropics Compiled by Prakashkumar Rathod Citation:Rathod P. (2019). Scientific Dairy Farming Practices for the Semi-Arid Tropics. Patancheru 502 324, Telangana, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics. 32 pp. Cover photo: Sahiwal cow: Dr Vivek Patil, LRIC (Deoni), KVAFSU, Bidar Back cover photo: Deoni cow: L Manjunath, Veterinary College, Hassan Contents page photo: Rathi cow: Dr Vivek Patil, LRIC (Deoni), KVAFSU, Bidar © International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), 2019. All rights reserved. ICRISAT holds the copyright to its publications, but these can be shared and duplicated for non-commercial purposes. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part(s) or all of any publication for non-commercial use is hereby granted as long as ICRISAT is properly cited. For any clarification, please contact the Director of Strategic Marketing and Communication at [email protected]. Department of Agriculture, Government of India and ICRISAT’s name and logo are registered trademarks and may not be used without permission. You may not alter or remove any trademark, copyright or other notice Scientific Dairy Farming Practices for the Semi-Arid Tropics Compiled by Prakashkumar Rathod ICRISAT DEVELOPMENT DC CENTER About the author Dr Prakashkumar Rathod - Visiting Scientist, ICRISAT Development Center, Asia program, ICRISAT, Patancheru 502 324, Telangana, India. Acknowledgements We thank Dr Sariput Landge, Maharashtra Animal and Fisheries -
Morphometric Characteristics of Pulikulam Cattle Breed in a Nucleus
Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2020; 8(3): 1893-1895 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 Morphometric characteristics of Pulikulam Cattle www.entomoljournal.com JEZS 2020; 8(3): 1893-1895 breed in a nucleus herd © 2020 JEZS Received: 04-03-2020 Accepted: 06-04-2020 G Srinivasan and T Sathiamoorthy G Srinivasan Assistant Professor, Abstract Pulikulam Cattle Research Morphometric study of Pulikulam cattle breed was undertaken from the nucleus herd of 50 Pulikulam Station, Tamil Nadu Veterinary animals of different age groups maintained at Pulikulam Cattle Research Station, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tamil Nadu, India and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), India. A total of 4 different age groups were considered for this study. The morphological features of Pulikulam cattle showed that these animals have distinct T Sathiamoorthy appearance. Different Morphometric characteristic like wither height, body length, hip width, thurl width Professor and Head, Pulikulam and rump width were studied. Pulikulam cattle are relatively smaller in size, the mean wither height for Cattle Research Station, Pulikulam animal at 24-30 months, 36-42 months, 48-54 months and adult bull were 111.67±1.44 cm, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and 111.07±1.38 cm 112.40±0.74 cm and 121.26±0.84 cm respectively. It is concluded that the variation in Animal Sciences University, the morphometric characteristics in different cattle breeds are due to environmental factors, feeding Tamil Nadu, India pattern and other management practices which affects genetic makeup of growth traits of cattle. Keywords: Body length, morphometric character, native cattle breed, pulikulam cattle, wither height Introduction India is an agricultural country and 75% of the Indian population live in rural areas and depend on agriculture and its related enterprises. -
Socio-Economic Profile of Pulikulam Cattle Rearers in Madurai and Sivagangai Districts of Tamil Nadu, India
Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2017) 6(12): 424-429 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 12 (2017) pp. 424-429 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article doi: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.612.051 Socio-Economic Profile of Pulikulam Cattle Rearers in Madurai and Sivagangai Districts of Tamil Nadu, India S. Thesinguraja1*, P. Mathialagan1, P. Thilakar1, P. Devendran2 and V. Palanichamy3 1Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education, Madras Veterinary College, Vepery, Chennai – 600 007, Tamil Nadu, India 2Post Graduate Research Institute in Animal Sciences (PGRIAS), Kattupakkam, Kancheepuram – 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India 3Veterinary University Training and Diagnostic Centre, Thiyagarajar Engineering College Road, Thirupparankundram, Madurai-625 005, Tamil Nadu, India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to ascertain the various profile characteristics of the Pulikulam cattle rearers in Madurai and Sivagangai districts of Tamil Nadu. A sample size of 90 Pulikulam cattle rearers (45 rearers from each district) who were actively involved in K e yw or ds Pulikulam cattle rearing were selected randomly for the study. A well-structured, pre- Pulikulam cattle tested interview schedule was used for the primary data collection for this study. Findings rearers, Socio- indicated that majority (55.56 per cent) of the respondents was landless farmers and 42.22 economic profile per cent of the respondents belonged to old age category. Majority (40.00 per cent) of the and zero input. respondents were educated up to primary level of education. Majority (82.22 per cent) of the respondents had Animal Husbandry as main occupation. -
Legacy of Draught Cattle Breeds of South India
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.21.427560; this version posted January 21, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Title : Legacy of draught cattle breeds of South India: Insights into population 2 structure, genetic admixture and maternal origin 3 4 Authors : Vandana Manomohan1,2, Ramasamy Saravanan 2, Rudolf Pichler1, Nagarajan 5 Murali2, Karuppusamy Sivakumar2, Krovvidi Sudhakar3, Raja K 6 Nachiappan4 and Kathiravan Periasamy1,5* 7 8 Affiliations : 1Animal Production and Health Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of 9 Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy 10 Agency, Vienna, Austria 11 2Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu 12 Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India; 13 3NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram, Sri Venkateswara 14 Veterinary University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India; 15 4National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India; 16 5Animal Genetics Resources Branch, Animal Production and Health 17 Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 18 Italy. 19 20 Corresponding: Kathiravan Periasamy 21 author 22 23 24 Address : Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of 25 Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy 26 Agency, Seibersdorf, Vienna, Austria 27 28 29 Email : [email protected]; [email protected] 30 31 32 Telephone : 00431260027328 33 34 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.21.427560; this version posted January 21, 2021. -
Karyomorphological Studies of Kangayam, Pulikulam, Crossbred Jersey and Crossbred Holstein Friesian Bulls
Journal of Animal Research: v.10 n.2, p. 231-236. April 2020 DOI: 10.30954/2277-940X.02.2020.10 Karyomorphological Studies of Kangayam, Pulikulam, Crossbred Jersey and Crossbred Holstein Friesian Bulls Harshini Vemula1*, Kumarasamy Periya2, Cauveri Doraiswamy3 and Mangala Gowri Alagappan4 1Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, INDIA 2Controller of examinations, TANUVAS, Chennai, INDIA 3Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, INDIA 4Department of Biotechnology, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, INDIA *Corresponding author: H Vemula; E-mail: [email protected] Received: 06 Jan., 2020 Revised: 19 Jan., 2020 Accepted: 09 March, 2020 ABSTRACT The present study was carried out in four genetic groups of cattle, viz. Kangayam, Pulikulam, crossbred Jersey and crossbred Holstein Friesian, to compare the karyomorphological pattern between Bos indicus and Bos taurus x indicus bull calves. Metaphase chromosomal spreads obtained by short term lymphocyte culture technique revealed chromosomal complement (2n) of 60, with 29 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes in four groups. All the autosomes were acrocentric, X-chromosome was sub-metacentric and Y-chromosome was acrocentric in Bos indicus and metacentric in crossbred bulls. There was no significant difference in relative length, arm ratio, centromeric index and morphological index of autosomes and X-chromosome between indicine and taurine groups; but Y-chromosome differed significantly (P˂0.01) in relative length between Bos indicus and Bos taurus x indicus crosses. Y-chromosome polymorphism could help in the determination of breed origin and male lines used in the breeding programmes in order to prevent the possible interferences in the process of reproduction. -
Newsletter (January-June, 2012)
NBAGRNBAGRNBAGR Newsletter January - June, 2012 NewsletterNewsletter Volume-9 No. 1 DEDICATED TO ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES OF INDIA January-June, 2012 Contents From Director’s Desk... CONTENTS The fast pace of loss in domestic animal diversity and increasing genetic RESEARCH ACCOMPLISHMENTS 2 erosion of farm animal breeds are the emerging prime concerns globally. Livestock biodiversity in most of the developing and under developed SECTORAL NEWS 2 countries has become more vulnerable due to increasing pressure of rearing livestock more under intensive and commercial animal production FARM ANIMAL BREED REGISTRATION 7 systems. India is not an exception for that which is a globally acknowledged mega biodiversity center with the repository of huge and diverse livestock IMPORTANT MEETINGS 9 populations distributed in a large range of geographical, ecological and climatic regions. Therefore, NBAGR, as a nodal agency in the country has TRAININGS/HRD 9 huge onus to protect, preserve and sustainably utilize the vast and varied CELEBRATIONS 10 farm animal biodiversity. During its 28 years old journey, NBAGR has immensely contributed by having characterized almost all well-known indigenous livestock breeds and developed breed SPORTS 10 descriptors and databases on phenotypic and genetic characterization of AnGR. Now, our focus and commitment is to characterize the lesser known farm animal populations which are in plenty PUBLICATIONS/ AwARDS 10 but studied inadequately. A number of such new populations of cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat were identified during recent years and are in process of characterization. Continuing with this, DISTINGUISHED VISITORS 12 the Institute has registered nine more native farm animal breeds during the reported period. -
Chapter-I INTRODUCTION
Chapter-I INTRODUCTION Livestock production is an important source of income for the rural poor in India where 70% of the livestock is in the hands of small and marginal farmers and landless laborers‘, who own less than 30% of the land area. A sizeable percentage of livestock owners are below the poverty line. Livestock rearing, is particularly tied' up with milk production and lends itself to small scale enterprises more effectively than the other agricultural enterprises, since this is a labour intensive effort uniformly distributed throughout the year. Animal husbandry has a large potential for providing gainful employment to rural women in their own households; as 70% of the workforce in dairying complies of women. Government of India, through various schemes has undertaken cattle and buffalo breeding programmes, for genetic upgradation at the national level. However, extension work in the Animal Husbandry sector is not sufficient. There is often a lack of knowledge procedures. Consequently farmers who rear bovines are unable to make optimum use of the improved offspring from national genetic upgradation programmes. This manual has been prepared by compiling knowledge, information and standard operating procedures to provide information regarding scientific bovine management practices to farmers. The manual also provides details regarding commonly occurring diseases and clean milk production to enable farmers to adopt for optimum productivity. It is hoped that this publication will help and assist farmers and also stimulate further improvement of the efficiency and productivity of livestock, thus leading to higher income for smallholder dairy farmers. 1 Scientific Management of Calves 2 Chapter—II ANIMAL MANAGEMENTAL PRACTICES A. -
National Kamdhenu Breeding Centre”
NATIONAL KAMDHENU BREEDING CENTRE” “A Centre for Conservation and Development of Indigenous Bovine Breeds”. Importance of Indigenous Breeds in National Economy: India has the largest bovine population in the world owned by largely small and marginal farmers. Dairying is an activity that is a source of income for the 60 million rural households that own, on an average, a herd size of 2-3 milch animals. With 199 million cattle and 105 million buffaloes; the Nation has 14% of the world cattle population and 53 % of the world buffalo population. While water buffaloes are endemic to the Indian subcontinent, the country has 166 million Indigenous cattle Most of the Indigenous cattle (80%) are „Non- descript‟ and only 20% belong to Indigenous Breeds recognized by National Bureau of Genetic Resources. The bovine genetic resource of the country comprises 37 recognised Indigenous Breeds of cattle and 13 breeds of buffaloes. Most of the Indigenous Breeds have low genetic potential for milk production and are suited for draught animal power. However, some breeds have potential to be highly productive under optimal nutrition and farm management conditions along with selective genetic breeding. Indigenous Breeds vis a vis Exotic and Crossbreds: Indigenous animals are sturdy, and are endowed with the quality of heat tolerance, resistance to diseases and ability to thrive under extreme climatic conditions. Exotic species, like Holstein- Friesian and Jersey- and Crossbred cattle although more productive, have a tendency to wilt under Indian conditions of extreme and harsh climatic conditions. Exotic breeds and Crossbred cattle are susceptibility to tropical diseases while the Indigenous Breeds are more hardy, being both disease and tick resistant.