Trapping Regulations You May Trap Wildlife for Subsistence Uses Only Within the Seasons and Harvest Limits in These Unit Trapping Regulations
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Incidental Captures of Wildlife and Domestic Dogs in Montana, 2012-2017
Incidental Captures of Wildlife and Domestic Dogs in Montana, 2012-2017 June 2018 Prepared by Robert Inman Carnivore-Furbearer Coordinator Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks This report summarizes all incidental trapping data that FWP has from the 2012-2017 license years. Additional data are available for 2008-2011 but have not been entered into the MRRE database or used in this report. Note that the events that are required to be reported are 1) any lynx capture, 2) any dog capture, and 3) capture of any “Protected Animal” that cannot be released unharmed. Protected Animals are those defined in Montana statute as ‘Game Animals,’ ‘Furbearers,’ or ‘Migratory Birds.’ Game animals are: deer, elk, antelope, moose, bighorn sheep, mountain goat, bison, bears, mountain lions, wolf, waterfowl, turkey, upland birds, sandhill crane, mourning dove, and snipe. There are 10 Furbearers: wolverine, fisher, marten, otter, mink, lynx, bobcat, swift fox, beaver, and muskrat. There are many Migratory Birds that are protected species; all birds except house sparrows, crows, starlings, pigeons, and magpies. Unprotected animals that do not require reporting are ‘Predators’ and ‘Non-Game.’ There are 6 Predators: coyote, striped skunk, spotted skunk, long-tailed weasel, short-tailed weasel, and least weasel. There are many Non-Game species such as raccoon, badger, fox, ground squirrels and rabbits. Incidentally Captured Species Over the 6-year period that was the 2012-2017 FWP license years, a total of 349 incidental captures were reported (Table 1). Fifty-five percent of the incidental captures resulted in the release of the animal, and 45% of the animals died as a result of the capture (Table 1). -
Beaver Wildlife Note
Beaver The beaver, Castor canadensis, is North America’s largest pelage consists of dense underfur covered with longer rodent. Before European colonists arrived, the species was guard hairs. The thick pelt and deposits of body fat insulate plentiful from the Mexican border to the Arctic. Beaver fur the animal and allow it to remain in the water many hours is thick and considered valuable. Raw pelts brought $4 each at a time. in the early 1800s. Adjusting for inflation, beaver pelts back A beaver’s tail is trowel-shaped, 8 to 12 inches long and five then would be about $80 each in today’s dollars. The fur or six inches wide. It has a scaly, leathery covering. When was used to make top hats and to trim clothes. Tremendous this furbearer swims, it uses its tail as a propeller and a demand for beaver fur sent trapping expeditions rudder. The tail also supports a beaver when it sits erect or throughout the unexplored West, stimulating expansion of gnaws a tree on dry land. A sharp slap of the tail on water the new American nation. is a signal warning other beavers of danger. Tail slapping is By the end of the nineteenth century, uncontrolled trapping also a diving aid that gives a beaver extra propulsion to tip and habitat loss eliminated beavers in Pennsylvania and its body down for descent and may not always be intended most eastern states. But, today this aquatic furbearer is to be a danger signal. back. Aided by modern wildlife management, the beaver A beaver’s front feet are remarkably dexterous. -
Respiratory Turbinates of Canids and Felids: a Quantitative Comparison
J. Zool., Lond. (2004) 264, 281–293 C 2004 The Zoological Society of London Printed in the United Kingdom DOI:10.1017/S0952836904005771 Respiratory turbinates of canids and felids: a quantitative comparison Blaire Van Valkenburgh1*, Jessica Theodor 2, Anthony Friscia1, Ari Pollack1 and Timothy Rowe3 1 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1606, U.S.A. 2 Department of Geology, Illinois State Museum, 1011 East Ash Street, Springfield, IL 62703, U.S.A. 3 Department of Geological Sciences, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, U.S.A. (Accepted 31 March 2004) Abstract The respiratory turbinates of mammals are complex bony plates within the nasal chamber that are covered with moist epithelium and provide an extensive surface area for the exchange of heat and water. Given their functional importance, maxilloturbinate size and structure are expected to vary predictably among species adapted to different environments. Here the first quantitative analysis is provided of maxilloturbinate structure based on high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scans of the skulls of eight canid and seven felid species. The key parameters examined were the density of the maxilloturbinate bones within the nasal chamber and how that density varied along the air pathway. In both canids and felids, total maxilloturbinate chamber volume and bone volume increased with body size, with canids having c. 1.5–2.0 times the volume of maxilloturbinate than felids of similar size. In all species, the volume of the maxilloturbinates varies from rostral to caudal, with the peak volume occurring approximately midway, close to where airway cross-sectional area is greatest. -
Do Wolves Ambush Beavers? Video Evidence for Higher-Order Hunting Strategies 1, 2 3 1 THOMAS D
Do wolves ambush beavers? Video evidence for higher-order hunting strategies 1, 2 3 1 THOMAS D. GABLE , TRENT STANGER, STEVE K. WINDELS, AND JOSEPH K. BUMP 1University of Minnesota, 2003 Buford Circle, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 USA 2Remigny, Quebec J0Z 3H0 Canada 3Voyageurs National Park, 360 Highway 11 E, International Falls, Minnesota 56649 USA Citation: Gable, T. D., T. Stanger, S. K. Windels, and J. K. Bump. 2018. Do wolves ambush beavers? Video evidence for higher-order hunting strategies. Ecosphere 9(3):e02159. 10.1002/ecs2.2159 Abstract. Over the past decade, there has been much debating about whether wolves possess high-order cognitive abilities that facilitate deliberate or cooperative hunting strategies such as ambush to capture prey. Beavers can be important alternate or primary prey for wolves in North America and Europe, but no observations of wolves hunting and killing beavers exist. We describe the first documented observation of a gray wolf killing a beaver, an observation that has provided valuable insight into how beavers defend themselves when attacked by wolves, how wolves hunt beavers, and the predatory strategies and cogni- tive abilities of wolves. Our observation confirms that wolves do hunt and kill beavers by surprising and ambushing them, which demonstrates that wolves have a unique ability to switch between cursorial and ambush hunting strategies depending on the prey. We suggest that wolves learn how to hunt beavers using high-order mental abilities combined with information learned from prior interactions with beavers. Key words: alternate prey; cognition; hunting behavior; kill site; predation behavior; predation risk; predator–prey; wolf predation. -
Trappers As Citizen Scientists. the Wildlife Professional
RESEARCH AND PRACTICE Trappers as Citizen Scientists COLLABORATIVE EFFORTS ARE PROMOTING WOLVERINE CONSERVATION By Shevenell Webb and Robert Anderson alligator clip by the side of the pole. The fur doesn’t look like that of a lynx or fisher, and a quick peek at the trail camera confirms the visitor: a wolverine. As this story illustrates, tracking down the largest land-dwelling member of the family Mustelidae, or weasels, is tricky business. The stocky, muscular carnivores are solitary animals with a well-earned reputation for killing prey many times larger. Even today, wolverines remain one of the least under- stood carnivores in North America as they occur at very low densities, live in remote places and have massive home ranges comparable to larger carni- vores such as wolves and grizzly bears. They are found primarily in remote reaches of the northern boreal forests, and in alpine and tundra habitats within the subarctic and arctic regions of the North- ern Hemisphere. Credit: Robert Anderson These characteristics make the so-called ghosts of the boreal forest difficult to study. But volunteer A volunteer trapper n a mild day in March, a male wolverine trappers are now helping fill the knowledge gaps by checks a camera at (Gulo gulo) catches the scent of beaver in deploying fur snags and trail cameras as part of a a wolverine research the boreal forest of northern Alberta and collaborative effort in Alberta. site. When the fur O decides to investigate. It follows a trapper’s snow- harvest season ends, participants continue mobile trail to a small clearing where an odd, yet visiting their sites to intriguing device stands. -
Programming Suggestions for Alaskan Adventures
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 342 591 RC 018 581 AUTHOR Miner, Todd TITLE First Steps to the Last Frontier: Programming Suggestions for Alaskan Adventures. PUB DATE Oct 91 NOTE 9p.; In: Proceedings of the International Conference and Workshop Summaries Book of the International Association for Experiential Education (19th, Lake Junaluska, NC, October 24-27, 1991); see RC 018 571. PUB TYPE Speeches/Conference Papers (150) -- Guides - Non-Classroom Use (055) EDRS PRICE MF01 Plus Postage. PC Not Available from EDRS. DESCRIPTORS *Adventure Education; *Outdoor Activities; *Recreation; *Tourism; *Travel IDENTIFIERS *Alaska; *Wilderness ABSTRACT This article provides an overview of trip programming in klaska for those seeking a low-cost wilderness adventure. Alaska is a land of glaciers, mountains, lakes, rivers, forests, and wildlife. Safety is a major concern when traveling in Alaska. A local guide or outdoor educator can assist with safety and logistical planning. Travelers should plan to spend at least 2 weeks in Alaska. July and August are the most popular months to visit the state. Lodging, rentals, and some fresh foods are more expensive than in the rest of the country, although gas, outdoor equipment, and food staples are about the same as in the rest of the country. Public transportation includes the Alaska Railroad, buses, airlines, and the Alaska Marine Highway System. The paper lists specific low-cost wilderness trips in the following areas:(1) backpacking and ski touriAg;(2) trekking and ski touring;(3) mountain biking;(4) climbing and alpine ski touring;(5) river running and flatwater touring; and (6) sea kayaking. The paper recommends 26 trips, with a brief description and the number of days to be allotted for each. -
Chugach National Forest Wilderness Area Inventory and Evaluation
Chugach National Forest Wilderness Area Inventory and Evaluation Overview of the Wilderness Area Recommendation Process As part of plan revision, the responsible official, the forest supervisor, shall “identify and evaluate lands that may be suitable for inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System and determine whether to recommend any such lands for wilderness designation” (36 CFR 219.7(c)(2)(v), effective May 9, 2012). Forest Service directives (FSH 1909.12, Chapter 70) for implementing the 2012 Planning Rule provide further guidance on how to complete this process in four steps: (1) Identify and inventory all lands that may be suitable for inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System (2) Evaluate the wilderness characteristics of each area based on a given set of criteria (3) The forest supervisor will determine which areas to further analyze in the NEPA process (4) The forest supervisor will decide which areas, if any, to recommend for inclusion in the National Wilderness Preservation System This report provides documentation for the inventory and evaluation steps of this process, and is divided into two sections. The first section provides information about the inventory process and results. These results also include a description of the current conditions and management for vegetation, wildlife, fish, recreation, and access to the Chugach National Forest as they are related to wilderness character. This description is intended to provide a big-picture view of national forest resources and serve as a foundation for the evaluation section. The second section provides an area by area evaluation of wilderness characteristics found in the inventoried lands. -
Environmental Assessment Juneau Ranger District Trail of Time
Environmental Assessment Juneau Ranger District United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Trail of Time, Adjacent Area Trails, Tongass National and Mendenhall Glacier Visitor Forest Alaska Region Center Improvements Project Juneau Ranger District, Tongass National Forest, Alaska February 2010 ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS ACMP Alaska Coastal Management Plan ADF&G Alaska Department of Fish and Game ANILCA Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act BMP Best Management Practice CEQ Council on Environmental Quality CFR Code of Federal Regulations CZMA Coastal Zone Management Act EA Environmental Assessment EFH Essential Fish Habitat EIS Environmental Impact Statement Forest Plan Tongass Land and Resource Management Plan FSH Forest Service Handbook FSM Forest Service Manual GIS Geographic Information System LUD Land Use Designation MIS Management Indicator Species NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NFS National Forest System USDA United States Department of Agriculture WAA Wildlife Analysis Area The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because all or part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20250-9410, or call (800) 795-3272 (voice) or (202) 720-6382 (TDD). -
Alaska Range
Alaska Range Introduction The heavily glacierized Alaska Range consists of a number of adjacent and discrete mountain ranges that extend in an arc more than 750 km long (figs. 1, 381). From east to west, named ranges include the Nutzotin, Mentas- ta, Amphitheater, Clearwater, Tokosha, Kichatna, Teocalli, Tordrillo, Terra Cotta, and Revelation Mountains. This arcuate mountain massif spans the area from the White River, just east of the Canadian Border, to Merrill Pass on the western side of Cook Inlet southwest of Anchorage. Many of the indi- Figure 381.—Index map of vidual ranges support glaciers. The total glacier area of the Alaska Range is the Alaska Range showing 2 approximately 13,900 km (Post and Meier, 1980, p. 45). Its several thousand the glacierized areas. Index glaciers range in size from tiny unnamed cirque glaciers with areas of less map modified from Field than 1 km2 to very large valley glaciers with lengths up to 76 km (Denton (1975a). Figure 382.—Enlargement of NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) image mosaic of the Alaska Range in summer 1995. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration image mosaic from Mike Fleming, Alaska Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, Alaska. The numbers 1–5 indicate the seg- ments of the Alaska Range discussed in the text. K406 SATELLITE IMAGE ATLAS OF GLACIERS OF THE WORLD and Field, 1975a, p. 575) and areas of greater than 500 km2. Alaska Range glaciers extend in elevation from above 6,000 m, near the summit of Mount McKinley, to slightly more than 100 m above sea level at Capps and Triumvi- rate Glaciers in the southwestern part of the range. -
Steve Mccutcheon Collection, B1990.014
REFERENCE CODE: AkAMH REPOSITORY NAME: Anchorage Museum at Rasmuson Center Bob and Evangeline Atwood Alaska Resource Center 625 C Street Anchorage, AK 99501 Phone: 907-929-9235 Fax: 907-929-9233 Email: [email protected] Guide prepared by: Sara Piasecki, Archivist TITLE: Steve McCutcheon Collection COLLECTION NUMBER: B1990.014 OVERVIEW OF THE COLLECTION Dates: circa 1890-1990 Extent: approximately 180 linear feet Language and Scripts: The collection is in English. Name of creator(s): Steve McCutcheon, P.S. Hunt, Sydney Laurence, Lomen Brothers, Don C. Knudsen, Dolores Roguszka, Phyllis Mithassel, Alyeska Pipeline Services Co., Frank Flavin, Jim Cacia, Randy Smith, Don Horter Administrative/Biographical History: Stephen Douglas McCutcheon was born in the small town of Cordova, AK, in 1911, just three years after the first city lots were sold at auction. In 1915, the family relocated to Anchorage, which was then just a tent city thrown up to house workers on the Alaska Railroad. McCutcheon began taking photographs as a young boy, but it wasn’t until he found himself in the small town of Curry, AK, working as a night roundhouse foreman for the railroad that he set out to teach himself the art and science of photography. As a Deputy U.S. Marshall in Valdez in 1940-1941, McCutcheon honed his skills as an evidential photographer; as assistant commissioner in the state’s new Dept. of Labor, McCutcheon documented the cannery industry in Unalaska. From 1942 to 1944, he worked as district manager for the federal Office of Price Administration in Fairbanks, taking photographs of trading stations, communities and residents of northern Alaska; he sent an album of these photos to Washington, D.C., “to show them,” he said, “that things that applied in the South 48 didn’t necessarily apply to Alaska.” 1 1 Emanuel, Richard P. -
Chugach National Forest 2016 Visitor Guide
CHUGACH NATIONAL FOREST 2016 VISITOR GUIDE CAMPING WILDILFE VISITOR CENTERS page 10 page 12 page 15 Welcome Get Out and Explore! Hop on a train for a drive-free option into the Chugach National Forest, plan a multiple day trip to access remote to the Chugach National Forest! primitive campsites, attend the famous Cordova Shorebird Festival, or visit the world-class interactive exhibits Table of Contents at Begich, Boggs Visitor Center. There is something for everyone on the Chugach. From the Kenai Peninsula to The Chugach National Forest, one of two national forests in Alaska, serves as Prince William Sound, to the eastern shores of the Copper River Delta, the forest is full of special places. Overview ....................................3 the “backyard” for over half of Alaska’s residents and is a destination for visi- tors. The lands that now make up the Chugach National Forest are home to the People come from all over the world to experience the Chugach National Forest and Alaska’s wilderness. Not Eastern Kenai Peninsula .......5 Alaska Native peoples including the Ahtna, Chugach, Dena’ina, and Eyak. The only do we welcome international visitors, but residents from across the state travel to recreate on Chugach forest’s 5.4 million acres compares in size with the state of New Hampshire and National Forest lands. Whether you have an hour or several days there are options galore for exploring. We have Prince William Sound .............7 comprises a landscape that includes portions of the Kenai Peninsula, Prince Wil- listed just a few here to get you started. liam Sound, and the Copper River Delta. -
The Power and Scale of Wild Alaska
Alaska HUMBLED BY THE POWER AND SCALE OF wild Alaska Exploring a mesmerizing icy world in southeast Alaska is an adventure of a lifetime. By Yvonne Gordon GETTY IMAGES: 80 | asta.org Alaska Humpback whale, Inside Passage; Sawyer Glacier black shape glides through the the silvery patches of the Herbert Glacier the ice. We soon come face to face with a water near us and suddenly there’s a Eagle Glaciers, part of the 1,500sq-mile huge bright white-and-blue wall — the south A pfwoossh. It’s a large whale expelling Juneau Icefield. Sawyer Glacier. air through its blowhole, which forms a Back on shore, after a thrilling trip, Suddenly, a piece of ice crashes to large cloud of vapor. The whale disappears curiosity about the glaciers leads me to book the water below with a large splash, and underwater but seconds later, its magnificent another day trip, an early-morning departure there’s a thundering rumble. Glaciers are tail rises out of the water and high in the air. bound for Tracy Arm Fjord. As we leave the constantly moving, regularly calving icebergs AND SCALE OF Then it disappears, plunging down into the dock, the water is calm and a big bank of low that float down the fjord. This explains where depths and leaving just a few ripples on clouds stretches across the hills, appearing all the icebergs we saw from the boat have the surface. black in the morning light. come from. “The tail is called a fluke, and on the As we pass Admiralty Island, our guide tells As we return to land along the Stephens underside, the markings are unique,” says us about the wildlife regularly seen here — in Passage, we spot more whales and motor Luke, our guide.