The land potential data base for Canada Users' handbook v. KIRKWOOD, J. DUMANSKI, A. BOOTSMA, R.B. STEWART, and R. MUMA Land Resource Research Centre Ottawa, Ontario

Technical Bulletin 1983-4 E LRRC Contribution No. 86-29

Research Branch Agriculture Canada 1989 Copies of this publication are available from Director Land Resource Research Centre Research Branch, Agriculture Canada Ottawa, Ontario KIA OC6

Produced by Research Program Service

© Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1989 Cat. No. A54-81l983-4-1989E ISBN 0-662-16782-1 Printed 1983 Revised 1989

Cover illustration The dots on the map represent Agriculture Canada research establishments. TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

SUMMARy...... 3

RESUME , , '" " .... 4

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 5

INTRODUCTION...... 7

DATA FILES CONTAINED IN THE LAND POTENTIAL DATA BASE Cl imate...... 7 Soil Description And Soil Climate 8 Actual yield...... 9 Degradation 10 Constraint-Free yield 10 CLI Capability For Agriculture 11 Provincial Proportion 11 Soil Suitability 11

DATA RETRIEVAL ·...... 11

APPENDIX I - Associated Files 13

APPENDIX II - Data Dictionary Of Variable Names 15

APPENDIX III - Additional Definitions For Variables In the Data Base .. 41

APPENDIX IV - Alphabetical Listing Of Variable Names 50 3

SUMMARY

The Land Potential Data Base (LPDB) is a computerized information base, containing data about soil, climate, physiography, land use, modeled constraint free (potential) crop yields, actual crop yields and soil degradation for all regions of Canada. These data are referenced (keyed) to the map units of the Soils of Canada map, 1:5,000,000. Other types of data, derived from studies using input from these main files, or containing links to other types of information, ego Census of Agri- cu lture or crop reporting districts, etc., are included as well, but these are reported in the appendices. The first part of this public- ation gives an overview of the basic files contained in the data base, and lists the names of the variables to be found in each file.

The Land Potential Data Base is the only comprehensive, national source of information on the land resources of Canada. These data have been used for various kinds of studies, such as crop yield potentials, soil degradation, land use diversification, climate change, production risk assessment, and so forth. Information from this data base can be supplied on diskettes by submitting a written request. 4

RESUME

La banque de donnees sur les possibilities de production des terres (BDPPT) est un ensemble de donnees informatisees regroupant des renseignements sur les sols, Ie climat, la physiographie, l'utilisation des terres, les rendements optimaux dans des conditions ideales, les rendements culturaux reels et la degradation des sols dans toutes les regions canadiennes. Ces donnees sont traitees selon les unites graphiques utilisees sur la carte des sols du Canada, a l'echelle 1: 5000 000. D'autres types de donnees tirees d'etudes au cours desquelles on s I est servi des renseignements provenant des fichiers principaux ou ities a un autre genre d'information, p. ex., Ie Recensement de l'agriculture, les rapports de districts sur les cultures et autres, sont egalement incluses, mais elles sont mises en annexe. La premiere partie de cette publication donne un aperyu des fichiers fondamentaux regroupes dans la banque de donnees et enumere les elements que l'on trouve dans chaque fichier.

La banque de donnees sur les possibilites de production des terres est la seule source d'information complete sur les ressources en terres au Canada. Ces renseignements ont servi a diverses etudes qui portaient sur les possibilites de rendement des cultures, la degradation des sols, la diversification de l'utilisation des terres, les changements climatiques, l'evaluation des risques a la production et ainsi de suite. Les renseignements contenus dans la banque sont disponibles sur disquette et on peut en faire la demande par ecrit. 5

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors would like to thank John Hardy for his work on the soil suitability tables, and Dr. R. deJong and Dr. A. Mack for reviewing the manuscript.

The following people provided the data in each of the files mentioned in the handbook:

R.B. Stewart and A. Bootsma Climate V. Kirkwood and J. Dumanski Soil Description, Soil Climate, CLI Capability for Agriculture V. Kirkwood Actual Yields, Provincial Proportions D.R. Coote Degradation R.B. Stewart and R. Muma Constraint - Free Yield J. Dumanski and J. Hardy Soil Suitability 7

INTRODUCTION

The Land Potential Data Base for Canada (LPDB) is a computerized information base containing data about soil, climate, land degradation and modeled and actual crop yields for the major economically important crops in Canada. This information is summarized for each of the 755 soil map units designated by the Soils of Canada map (Clayton et al., 1977).

This version of the data base has been updated from that developed as part of a global assessment of agroecological crop production potentials (FAO, 1978). It has also been put onto a different data base management system (DBMS) and it exists currently as several relations in a PC INFO data base management system. The organization of the data remains relational, but there have been some logical regroupings of data (eg. climate variables, soil degradation variables, etc.) into separate relations. Also, this revised LPDB includes actual yield data derived from provincial agricultural statistics, which were not in the original version. The common key remains the soil map unit. This new version of the data will be available for distribution on diskettes.

The first section in this handbook contains information on each of the data files in the LPDB. Appendix I contains information on files which are associated with the LPDB, but because of their specialized nature have not been included in the main body of data. Appendix II contains a detailed description of each of the data files stored in the LPDB, including specific item names, formats, and brief definitions of the data to be found in each item. Extended definitions for some of the more complex data file items will be found in Appendix III. A complete alphabetic listing of all the items in all of the files in the data base will be found in Appendix IV, along with the name of the file in which it is to be found.

DATA FILES CONTAINED IN THE LPDB

CLIMATE VARIABLES (Data files CLlMATE5180 and GROWSEASCLIM) *

The climate data in the LPDB have been updated to the 1951-80 climate normals (Atmospheric Environment Service, Environment Canada), except for vapour pressure and windspeed, which remain as 1941-70 normals. The method used for averaging the climatic information from station data to polygons was improved, especially in the Prairie regions. In particular, instead of using 100 km grid averaged data, actual station data were used to represent many of the polygons.**

*Data file names are given in the form in which they must be used during a PC INFO retrieval request. All listings of data files begin with MAPUNIT because the mapunit number is the standard reference for all variables in the LPDB. All other variables are subsequently listed alphabetically. **Certain of the map units are known to contain errors in climate data. These errors may be due to selection of inappropriate climate stations to represent these areas, and/or they may be caused by the methods of data analyses. These map units are B2012, D3124, F3060, H1028, H3048, and H3054. 8

Therefore the climatic variables cannot be compared directly between the old and new versions.

Several new variables have also been included: corn heat units and days required to reach 2000, 2200 and 2300 CHU, degree days greater than 5.0°C, and daylength.

For ease of use, the climate variables have been split into two files, one containing monthly data, and the other containing growing season information. These files are named CLIMATE5180 and GROWSEASCLIM respectively.

The following is a list of the variables in CLIMATE5180:

MAPUNIT DL(month) PE(month) RAIN(month) SMHC SNOW(month) SOLAR(month) TMAX(month) TMEAN(month) TMIN(month) VAPOUR(month) WIND(month)

The definition of each of the above variables can be found in Appendix II, page 16.

The following is a list of variables in GROWSEASCLIM:

MAPUNIT AGSL CHU DEGDAY5 GSEND GSSTART MNDAILYPE MNDAILYRAD MNDAILYT MNDAYTIMET MNMAXDAILYT MNMINDAILYT N2000 N2200 N2300 RAIN VAP WIND

The definition of each of the above variables can be found in Appendix II, page 17.

SOIL DESCRIPTION AND SOIL CLIMATE VARIABLES (Data files SOILINVENTORY, ACRI and SOILCLIM)

Most of these fields have been moved from the old to the new LPDB with no changes in name or format. The two files, SOILINVENTORY and SOILCLIM summarize the information available in Soils of Canada, Volume 2, Inventory (Clayton et aI., 1977). ACRI, the agroclimatic resource index, is a comparison of quality of the climate for agriculture in dif- ferent regions of Canada (Williams, 1975). A more comprehensive description of the ACRI variables may be found on page 41, Appendix III.

It is possible to show extra detail for some of the information in the data base by attaching numbers to field names, ego LANDUSE1, LANDUSE2 etc. In these cases, the dominant description will be in field 1, while significant inclusions (if any) will be found in subsequently numbered fields. These numbers do not imply any weighting factor, nor do they specify spatial distribution of these attributes within each map unit. 9

The following is a list of variables in SOILINVENTORY:

MAPUNIT DIVISION DOMSTI DOMSTIM DOMST2 DOMST2M DOMST3 ELEVHI ELEVLO FAONUMOD FAOSLCL FAOSTI FAOST2 FAOST3 FAOTEXT GREATGR LANDFRMI LANDFRM2 LANDFRM3 LANDUSEI LANDUSE2 LANDUSE3 LANDUSE4 LATDEG LATMIN LONGDEG LONGMIN PHASE PMl PM2 PM3 PM4 PMlMOD PM2MOD REGION SIGSTI SIGSTIM SIGST2 SIGST3 SOILAREA SOILUNIT SUBSTI SUBSTIM SUBST2 TEXTURE 1 TEXTURE2 TOPOCLAS XCOORD YCOORD

Definitions for these variables may be found in Appendix II, starting on page 18.

The following is a list of variables in ACRI:

MAPUNIT ACRIHI ACRILO CAMUI

Definitions for these variables may be found in Appendix II, page 31.

The following is a list of variables in SOILCLIM:

MAPUNIT CLIMMOD MOISTCLl MOISTCL2 MOISTINCLl MOISTINCL2 TEMPCLI TEMPCL2

Definitions for these variables may be found in Appendix II, page 32.

ACTUAL YIELD VARIABLES (Data file ACTUALYIELDS)

A major addition to the LPDB is the inclusion of actual yield in- formation for spring wheat, barley, oats, canola, rye, flaxseed, potatoes, silage corn, grain corn and soybeans. This informat ion comes from annually published, provincial agricultural yearbooks. It is combined on an area-weighted basis by determining the percent of each map unit in each crop reporting district and using that factor to produce a yield value by soil map unit.

Yield data are available for Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec, but they are not published in a suitable form for the other provinces. It is intended that values for forage will be in- cluded when they become available.

The information for each crop consists of the most recently avail- able five year average yield, and the years for which this value was calculated. This information will be updated as more recent statistics become available. 10

The following is a list of variables in ACTUALYIELDS:

MAPUNIT YRSBAR YLDBAR YRSCAN YLDCAN YRSFLAX YLDFLAX YRSGCRN YLDGCRN YRSOATS YLDOATS YRSPOT YLDPOT YRSRYE YLDRYE YRSSOY YLDSOY YRSWHT YLDWHT

Definitions for these variables may be found in Appendix II, page 34.

DEGRADATION VARIABLES (Data file DEGRADATION)

The degradation variables are not changed from the old version of the LPDB. This data file contains variables that indicate sensitivity to acid precipitation, soil moisture deficit, storm rainfall and wind- speed, and average runoff.

The following is a list of variables in DEGRADATION:

MAPUNIT ATMODEP LIMEADD POINTRN RUNOFF SMDEFANN SOILSENS WINDMAX

Definitions for these variables may be found in Appendix II, page 35.

CONSTRAINT-FREE CROP YIELDS (Data file CONSTRAINTFREE)

Modeled crop yields in the revised version of the LPDB have been changed to include only constraint-free yields for each crop (spring wheat, grain corn, soybeans, potatoes, phaseolus bean, barley, oats, canola and sunflower). This value represents the potential fresh weight yield of that crop without taking into consideration such factors as soil suitability, moisture stress or workability parameter. These yield values are indicative of maximum potential yields, and they are used as input to crop growth models (Stewart, 1981). The results of one such model are maintained in one of the Associated Files (see Appendix I). The models for the five original crops, (spring wheat, grain corn, phaseolus bean, potatoes and soybean) have been revised to include an updated land suitability index. As well, the new values reflect the 1951-80 climate normals, rather than the 1941-70 normals used previously.

With the addition of modeled yields for five new crops, (barley, oats, canola and sunflower) field name changes were necessary to unique- ly identify each crop. The old version of the LPDB used a single letter to identify each crop, ego 's' for soybeans. The inclusion of the new crops, ego sunflower, required the use of a new identifier.

Provision has been made for the inclusion of results from a forage model, and these will be input as soon as they are available.

The following variables are in CONSTRAINTFREE:

MAPUNIT CFBAR CFCAN CFCORN CFFORAGE CFOATS CFPBEAN CFPOT CFSOY CFSUNF CFWHEAT

Definitions for these variables may be found in Appendix II, page 37. 11

CLI CAPABILITY FOR AGRICULTURE (Data file CLI)

These fields have been reorganized to be more self-explanatory. Provision has been made to display up to four dominant capability class- es for each map unit, each with two sub-dominant classes. This inform- ation is now contained in four fields rather than the twenty four used previously. It is now also possible to view the entire CLI rating for the map unit by requesting one field.

The following variables are in CLI:

MAPUNIT CLI CLI-A CLI-B CLI-C CLI-D

Definitions for these variables may be found in Appendix II, page 38.

PROVINCIAL PROPORTION (Data file PROVPROPORTION)

Since many map units cross provincial boundaries, provision has been made to allocate a percentage of each map unit to a maximum of three provinces. This will allow more accurate estimation of areas of, for example, certain soils in a province.

The following variables are in PROVPROPORTION:

l1APUNIT PROVI PROVPROPI PROV2 PROVPROP2 PROV3 PROVPROP3 PROV4 PROVPROP4

Definitions for these variables may be found in Appendix II, page 39.

SOIL SUITABILITY (Data file SOILSUITABILITY)

This file contains information on the percentage of the soil area in each map unit that is well suited, suited and not suited for specific crops. Both climate and soil capability for agriculture were used in determining the percentages (Dumanski and Stewart, 1981).

The following variables are in SOILSUITABILITY:

MAPUNIT NS(crop) S(crop) WS(crop)

Definitions for these variables may be found in Appendix II, page 40.

DATA RETRIEVAL

Information from the Land Potential Data Base can be provided to users on diskette in either PC INFO file format or as ASCII sequential files. 12

For information about access to the LPDB, please write to:

the authors of this report or Head, CanSIS Land Resource Research Center Research Branch, Agriculture Canada Ottawa, Ontario. KIA OC6 13

APPENDIX I

ASSOCIATED FILES

Many types of information have been related to the Soils of Canada map as a consequence of research projects undertaken by the Land Resource Research Center and others. These have been assembled to give this information a soil-based perspective on a country-wide scale. Such information is usually project-specific, and as such has not been in- cluded in the main body of the LPDB. However, these data are being maintained in a format compatible with the rest, i.e. keyed to the soil map unit. Also, because of the ongoing nature of research, more files may be available at any given time than are listed here. For a more current listing, please contact the authors.

LAND FLEXIBILITY

Land use flexibility is a physical land variable that describes the opportunity for land use diversification or the possibility for land use adjustment. It is related to the number of crops that can be grown to maturity in an area, the suitability of the climate and soils for prod- uction of the crops, and the yields that could be expected (Dumanski et al., 1988). This file contains information about the number of crops listed in this data base that can be grown in each of the polygons. It also gives a flexibility rating based on these crops, as well as one based strictly on the three cereal crops spring wheat, oats and barley.

The following variables are contained in FLEXIBILITY:

MAPUNIT Soil map unit CERFLEXR Cereal flexibility ratio LAND FLEX Land flexibility NUMOFCROPS Number of crops used to calculate LAND FLEX

CROP REPORTING AREAS (Data file ID43REV)

This file relates soil map units to crop reporting areas (crop re- porting districts, counties or census divisions) making it possible to I ink yield data publ ished by provincial departments of agriculture to the Soil Map of Canada. This file was used to provide five year ave~age yield data, which are stored in the ACTUALYIELDS data file.

ID43REV contains the following variables: MAPUNIT Soil map unit FYR First year this boundary delineation was applicable LYR Last year this boundary delineation was applicable GEOCODE Crop reporting unit identifier PER Percent of reporting geocode in map unit 14

CENSUS

Links have been establ ished between soil map units and Census Enumeration Areas (EA's), for both the 1981 and 1986 Census of Agricult- ure. This facilitates economic studies with a land-based perspective, using variables available from the Census of Agriculture. It should be noted that these files were assembled using EA's that had 70% or more of their area inside one soil map unit, and are therefore not complete coverages. They are, however, adequate for studies at a regional level.

The following variables are contained the census crosstabulation files:

MAPUNIT Soil map unit PROV Province of EA FED Federal Electoral District EA Enumeration Area

MODEL YIELDS (Data File MODELYIELDS)

These values are estimates of field potential yields derived from a generalized crop growth model (Stewart, 1981). Estimates are calculated by taking constraint-free yield and reducing these values in proportion to moisture stress, workability and a soil index (Dumanski and Stewart, 1981).

The following variables are contained in MODELYIELDS:

MAPUNIT Soil map unit BARLEY Modeled yield of barley CANOLA canola GCORN grain corn OATS oats PBEAN phaseolus bean POTATO potato SOYBEAN soybean SUNFLOWER sunflower WHEAT spring wheat 15

APPENDIX II

DATA DICTIONARY OF VARIABLE NAMES

This is an alphabetic listing of all variables in each data file. All the possible values of the fields have been listed under the appro- priate variable(s), along with a short definition of each.

Field names and character field values are listed in the form in which they must be used, or in which they will be output during a com- puter retrieval. Additional definitions for the variables or variable values are contained in Appendix III. Appendix IV contains an alphabet- ical listing of all the variables in the Land Potential Data Base. 16

DATAFILE NAME: CLlMATE5180

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

DL(mth) MEAN DAYLENGTH FOR MONTH (hr/day) 6 N 2 MAPUNIT ***KEY FIELD*** 5 C PE(mth) MEAN POT.EVAPOTRANSPIRATION 6 N 2 (Penman's) FOR MONTH (mm/day) RAIN(mth) MEAN RAINFALL FOR MONTH (mm) 6 N 2 SMHC SOIL MOISTURE HOLDING CAPACITY(mm) 4 N 0 SNOW(mth) MEAN SNOWFALL FOR MONTH (em) 6 N 2 SOLAR(mth) MEAN SOLAR RAD.FOR MONTH(mJ/m2/day) 6 2 TMAX(mth) MAX. TEMP. FOR MONTH (C) 6 N 2 TMEAN(mth) MEAN TEMP. FOR MONTH (C) 6 N 2 TMIN(mth) MIN. TEMP. FOR MONTH (C) 6 N 2 VAPOUR(mth) MEAN VAP.PRESS.FOR MONTH (mb) 6 N 2 WIND(mth) MEAN WINDSPEED FOR MONTH (em/sec) 7 N 2 17

DATAFILE NAME: GROWSEASCLIM

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

AGSL ACTUAL GROWING SEAS.LENGTH(days) 3 N o CHU CORN HEAT UNITS 4 N o DEGDAYS DEGREE DAYS > SoC 4 N o GSEND GROWING SEASON END (Julian date) 3 N o GSSTART GROWING SEASON START(Julian date) 3 N o MAPUNIT ***KEY FIELD*** S C MNDAILYPE MEAN DAILY P.E. (rom) 4 N 2 MNDAILYRAD MEAN DAILY SOLAR RAD. (cal/cm2/day) S N 1 MNDAILYT MEAN DAILY TEMP. (OC) S N 2 MNDAYTIMET MEAN DAYTIME TEMP. (OC) S N 2 MNMAXDAILYT MEAN MAX. DAILY TEMP. (OC) S N 2 MNMINDAILYT MEAN MIN. DAILY TEMP. (OC) S N 2 N2000 NUMBER OF DAYS REQUIRED TO 3 N o REACH 2000 CHU N2200 NUMBER OF DAYS REQUIRED TO 3 N o REACH 2200 CHU N2300 NUMBER OF DAYS REQUIRED TO 3 N o REACH 2300 CHU RAIN MEAN RAINFALL (rom) 6 N 1 VAP MEAN VAPOUR PRESSURE (mb) 4 N 1 WIND MEAN WINDSPEED (em/sec) S N 1 18

DATAFILE NAME: SOILINVENTORY

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

DIVISION PHYSIOGRAPHIC DIVISION 16 C

ABITIBI ABITIBI UPLANDS ALBERTA-PLAIN ALBERTA PLAIN ALBERTA-PLAT ALBERTA PLATEAU ANNAPOLIS ANNAPOLIS LOWLAND ATHABASCA ATHABASKA PLAIN ATLANTIC-NEW ATLANTIC UPLANDS OF NEWFOUNDLAND ATLANTIC-NOVA ATLANTIC UPLANDS OF NOVA SCOTIA AXEL-HEIBERG AXEL HEIBERG MOUNTAINS BACK BACK LOWLANDS BAFFIN-CST BAFFIN COASTAL LOWLAND BEAR-SLAVE BEAR SLAVE UPLANDS BELCHER BELCHER ISLANDS BOOTHIA-PLAIN BOOTHIA PLAN BOOTHIA-PLAT BOOTHIA PLATEAU BRITISH BRITISH MOUNTAINS C-ST-LAWRENCE CENTRAL ST. LAWRENCE LOWLAND CASCADE CASCADE MOUNTAINS CHALEUR CHALEUR UPLAND COAST COAST MOUNTAINS COLUMBIA-HIGH COLUMBIA HIGHLANDS COLUMBIA-MTS COLUMBIA MOUNTAINS CYPRESS CYPRESS HILLS DAVIS DAVIS HIGHLANDS E-ST-LAWRENCE EAST ST. LAWRENCE LOWLAND EASTERN-QUEBEC EASTERN QUEBEC UPLANDS EASTMAIN EASTMAIN LOWLAND ESTEVAN ESTEVAN COASTAL PLAIN EUREKA EUREKA UPLAND FORT-NELSON FORT NELSON LOWLAND FOXE FOXE PLAIN FRASER-BASIN FRASER BASIN FRASER-LOW FRASER LOWLAND FROBISHER FROBISHER UPLAND GEORGE GEORGE PLATEAU GEORGIA GEORGIA LOWLAND GRANTLAND GRANTLAND MOUNTAINS GREAT-BEAR GREAT BEAR PLAIN GREAT-SLAVE GREAT SLAVE PLAIN HAMILTON-HIGH HAMILTON HIGHLANDS HAMILTON-PLAT HAMILTON PLATEAU HAZELTON HAZELTON MOUNTAINS HECATE HECATE LOWLAND HORTON HORTON PLAIN HUDSON-BAY HUDSON BAY HUDSON-LOW HUDSON BAY LOWLAND INTERIOR INTERIOR PLATEAU ISLAND-COASTAL ISLAND COASTAL PLAIN 19

KANIAPISKAU KANIAPISKAU PLATEAU KAZAN KAZAN UPLAND LABRADOR-HIGH LABRADOR HIGHLANDS LABRADOR-HILL LABRADOR HILLS LAKE LAKE PLATEAU LANCASTER LANCASTER PLATEAU LARCH LARCH PLATEAU LAURENTIAN LAURENTIAN HIGHLANDS LIARD-PLAIN LIARD PLAIN LIARD-PLAT LIARD PLATEAU MACKENZIE-DEL MACKENZIE DELTA MACKENZIE-MTS MACKENZIE MOUNTAINS MACKENZIE-PLN MACKENZIE PLAIN MANITOBA MANITOBA PLAIN/ESCARPMENT MARITIME MARITIME PLAIN MECATINA MECATINA PLATEAU MELVILLE-PLAT MELVILLE PLATEAU MELVILLE-PLN MELVILLE PLAIN MISTASSINI MISTASSINI HILLS N-ROCKY-MT-TR NORTHERN ROCKY MOUNTIAN TRENCH N-ROCKY-MTS NORTHERN ROCKY MOUNTAINS NANAIMO NANAIMO LOWLAND NASS NASS BASIN NEW-BRUNSWICK NEW BRUNSWICK HIGHLANDS NEWFOUNDLAND-H NEWFOUNDLAND HIGHLAND NEWFOUNDLAND-L NEWFOUNDLAND CENTRAL LOWLAND NIPIGON NIPIGON PLAIN NO-DIV-SPECIFIED NO DIVISION SPECIFIED NOTRE-DAME NOTRE DAME MOUNTAINS NOVA-SCOTIA NOVA SCOTIA HIGHLANDS OGILVIE OGILVIE MOUNTAINS OLD-CROW OLD CROW RANGE OMINECA OMINECA MOUNTAINS PARRY PARRY PLATEAU PEACE RIVER PEACE RIVER LOWLAND PEEL-PLAT PEEL PLATEAU PENOKEAN/POVUNG PENOKEAN HILLS/POVUNGNITUK HILLS PORCUPINE-PLAT PORCUPINE PLATEAU PORCUPINE-RNGS PORCUPINE RANGES QUEEN-CHAR-LOW QUEEN CHARLOTTE LOWLAND QUEEN-CHAR-RNG QUEEN CHARLOTTE RANGES RICHARDSON RICHARDSON MOUNTAINS ROCKY-MTS-FOOT ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOOTHILLS S-ROCKY-MT-TR SOUTHERN ROCKY MOUNTAIN TRENCH S-ROCKY-MTS SOUTHERN ROCKY MOUNTAINS SASKATCHEWAN SASKATCHEWAN PLAIN/MISSOURI COTEAU SCOTIA-SHELF SCOTIA SHELF SEVERN SEVERN UPLAND SKEENA SKEENA MOUNTAIN SOUTHAMPTON SOUTHAMPTON PLAIN ST-ELIAS ST. ELIAS MOUNTAINS STIKINE STIKINE PLATEAU SUGLUK SUGLUK PLATEAU SUTTON SUTTON MOUNTAINS 20

SVERDRUP SVERDRUP LOWLAND TINTINA TINTINA TRENCH VANCOUVER-IS VANCOUVER ISLAND RANGES VICTORIA-ALB VICTORIA AND ALBERTA MOUNTAINS VICTORIA-LOW VICTORIA LOWLAND W-ST-LAWRENCE WEST ST. LAWRENCE LOWLAND WAGER WAGER PLATEAU YUKON-PLAT YUKON PLATEAU

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

DOMST1 DOMINANT SOIL TYPE 1 13 C DOMST2 DOMINANT SOIL TYPE 2 13 C DOMST3 DOMINANT SOIL TYPE 3 13 C

APDY-BRUNIS ALPINE DYSTRIC BRUNI SOL BK-SOLOD BLACK SOLOD BK-SOLON BLACK SOLONETZ BN-SOLOD BROWN SOLOD BN-SOLON BROWN SOLONETZ BRGR-LUVIS BRUNISOLIC GRAY LUVISOL BRGRBN-LUVIS BRUNISOLIC GRAY BROWN LUVISOL CABK-CHERNO CALCAREOUS BLACK CHERNOZEMIC CADKGR-CHERNO CALCAREOUS DARK GRAY CHERNOZEMIC CR-FIBRIS CRYIC FIBRISOL CU-REGOS CUMULIC REGOSOL DGDY-BRUNIS DEGRADED DYSTRIC BRUNI SOL DKBN-CHERNO DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC DKGR-CHERNO DARK GRAY CHERNOZEMIC DKGR-LUVIS DARK GRAY LUVISOL ELBK-CHERNO ELUVIATED BLACK CHERNOZEM ELDKBN-CHERNO ELUVIATED DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC FIBRISOL FIBRISOL GR-SOLON GRAY SOLONETZ HUEL-GLEYS HUMIC ELUVIATED GLEYSOL LOHUEL-GLEYS LOW HUMIC ELUVIATED GLEYSOL MESISOL MESISOL MIHF-PODZOL MINI HUMO-FERRIC PODZOL OR-GLEYS ORTHIC GLEYSOL OR-REGOS ORTHIC REGOSOL ORBK-CHERNO ORTHIC BLACK CHERNOZEMIC ORBN-CHERNO ORTHIC BROWN CHERNOZEMIC ORDKBN-CHERNO ORTHIC DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC ORDKGR-CHERNO ORTHIC DARK GRAY CHERNOZEMIC ORDY-BRUNIS ORTHIC DYSTRIC BRUNI SOL OREU-BRUNIS ORTHIC EUTRIC BRUNI SOL ORFH-PODZOL ORTHIC FERRO-HUMIC PODZOL ORGR-LUVIS ORTHIC GRAY LUVISOL ORGRBN-LUVIS ORTHIC GRAY BROWN LUVISOL ORHF-PODZOL ORTHIC HUMO-FERRIC PODZOL ORHU-GLEYS ORTHIC HUMIC GLEYSOL ORML-BRUNIS ORTHIC MELANIC BRUNI SOL ORSM-BRUNIS ORTHIC SOMBRIC BRUNI SOL RE-GLEYS REGO GLEYSOL 21

REBK-CHERNO REGO BLACK CHERNOZEMIC REDKBN-CHERNO REGO DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC REHU-GLEYS REGO HUMIC GLEYSOL ROCKLAND ROCKLAND SDBK-CHERNO SOLODIC BLACK CHERNOZEMIC SDDKBN-CHERNO SOLODIC DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC SDDKGR-CHERNO SOLODIC DARK GRAY CHERNOZEMIC SNBK-CHERNO SOLONETZIC BLACK CHERNOZEMIC SNBN-CHERNO SOLONETZIC BROWN CHERNOZEMIC SNDKBN-CHERNO SOLONETZIC DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

DOMST1M DOMINANT SOIL TYPE1 MODIFIER 6 C

CARBON CARBONATED CRYIC FROZEN PERENNIALLY GRUMIC SELF-MULCHING SALINE SALINE - CONTAINS ENOUGH SOLUABLE SALTS TO INTERFERE WITH GROWTH OF MOST CROPS

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

ELEVHI ELEVATION, HIGHEST POINT (m) 5 I

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

ELEVLO ELEVATION. LOWEST POINT (m) 5 I

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

FAONUMOD FAO NUMERICAL MODIFIER 2 C

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

FAOSLCL FAO SLOPE CLASS 12 C

HILLY ROLLING TO HILLY HILLY-STEEP LEVEL LEVEL TO GENTLY UNDULATING LEVEL-HILLY STEEP STEEPLY DISSECTED TO MOUNTAINOUS SLOPE 22

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

FAOST1 FAO SOIL TYPE 1 2 C FAOST2 FAO SOIL TYPE 2 2 C FAOST3 FAO SOIL TYPE 3 2 C

B CAMBISOLS BD DYSTRIC CAMBISOL BE EUTRIC CAMBISOL BX GELIC CAMBISOL C CHERNOZEMS CH HAPLIC CHERNOZEMIC CK CALCIC CHERNOZEMIC CL LUVIC CHERNOZEMIC E RENDZINAS G GLEYSOLS GD DYSTRIC GLEYSOL GE EUTRIC GLEYSOL GH HUMIC GLEYSOL GM MOLLIC GLEYSOL GX GELIC GLEYSOL I LITHOSOLS J FLUVISOLS JD DYSTRIC FLUVISOL JE EUTRIC FLUVISOL K KASTANOZEMS KH HAPLIC KASTANOZEM KL LUVIC KASTANOZEM LA ALBIC LUVISOLS MO ORTHIC GREYZEM OD DYSTRIC HISTOSOL OE EUTRIC HISTOSOL OX GELIC HISTOSOL PO ORTHIC PODZOL ,R REGOSOLS RD DYSTRIC REGOSOL RE CALCARIC REGOSOL RX GELIC REGOSOL SM MOLLIC SOLONETZ TV VITRIC ANDOSOLS

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

FAOl'EXT FAO TEXTURE CLASS 13 C

COARSE FINE FINE-COARSE FINE-MED-CRS FINE-MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM-COARSE 23

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRITION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

GREATGR MAP UNIT GREAT GROUP 5 C

BK-CHERNO BLACK CHERNOZEMIC BK-SOLON BLACK SOLONETZIC BN-CHERNO BROWN CHERNOZEMIC BN-SOLON BROWN SOLONETZIC CR-FIBRIS CRYIC FIBRISOL CR-GLEYS CRYIC GLEYSOL CROR-REGOS CRYIC ORTHIC REGOSOL CU-REGOS CUMULIC REGOSOL DKBN-CHERNO DARK BROWN CHERNOZEMIC DKGR-CHERNO DARK GRAY CHERNOZEMIC FIBRIS-MESIS FIBRISOL AND MESISOL GR-LUVIS GRAY LUVISOL GRBN-LUVIS GRAY BROWN LUVISOL HF-PODZOL HUMO-FERRIC PODZOL HU-GLEYS HUMIC GLEYSOL OR-GLEYS ORTHIC GLEYSOL OR-REGOS ORTHIC REGOSOL ORDY-BRUNIS ORTHIC DYSTRIC BRUNI SOL OREU-BRUNIS ORTHIC EUTRIC BRUNI SOL ORML-BRUNIS ORTHIC MELANIC BRUNISOL ROCKLAND ROCKLAND SOLOD SOLOD

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

LANDFRM1 LANDFORM 1 14 C LANDFRM2 LANDFORM 2 14 C LANDFRM3 LANDFORM 3 14 C

ALLUVIAL-FAN ALLUVIAL FAN CHANNEL CHANNEL COLLUVIAL-FAN COLLUVIAL FAN ESCARPMENT ESCARPMENT GLACIAL-VALLEY GLACIAL VALLEY HILLS HILLS LAKE-BASIN LAKE BASIN LAKE-BED LAKE BED MORAINE MORAINE MOUNTAINS MOUNTAINS PENEPLAIN PENEPLAIN PLAIN PLAIN PLATEAU PLATEAU SAND-DUNES SAND DUNES STRANDLINE STRANDLINE BEACHES UPLANDS UPLANDS UPLANDS-PLAT UPLANDS WITH PLATEAUS VALLEY VALLEY VALLEY-TRAIN VALLEY TRAIN 24

VARIABLE FIELD·VALUE DESpRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

LANDUSEI LAND USE 1 16 C LANDUSE2 LAND USE 2 16 C LANDUSE3 LAND USE 3 16 C LANDUSE4 LAND USE 4 16 C

BARREN ~ARRENOR NEARLY BARREN BOG B9G CITY CITY FIELD-CROPS . FIELD CROPS FORAGE FORAGE FORBS-SHRUBS FORBS AND SHRUBS FOREST FOREST GRAINS GRAINS GRASS-F-S GRASSES FORBS AND SHRUBS GRASS-F-S-I GRASSES.FORBS AND SHRUBS, IMPROVED GRASS-FORBS GRASSES AND FORBS GRASS-FORBS-I GRASSES AND FORBS, IMPROVED GRASSLAND-GRAZ GRASSLAND GRAZING HORTIC-CR-P HORTICULTURAL CROPS INCLUDING POULTRY HORTlC-CROPS ,HORTICULTURALCROPS HORTICULTURE , HORTICULTURE, POULTRY AND FUR OPERATIONS HYDRO-RES HYDRO RESERVOIR IMP-PAST-FORAGE IMPROVED PASTURE AND FORAGE IN-VALLEY IN VALLEY INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL IRRIGATION-FIELD FIELD IRRIGATION IRRIGATION-wATER.WATER IRRIGATION . MARSH MARSH MILITARY-RES MILITARY RESERVATION MINES MINES,QUARRIES,SAND AND GRAVEL PITS MINOR-FLD-CROPS MINOR FIELD CROPS MIXED MIXED MIXED-CROPS MIXED CROPS MIXED-GRAINS MIXED GRAINS MIXED-GSSC MIXED GRAINS AND SMALL SEED CROPS ORCHARDS ORCHARDS ORCHARDS-VINE ORCHARDS AND VINEYARDS OUTDOOR-REC OUTDOOR RECREATION OUTDOOR-REC-U OUTDOOR URBAN RECREATION PARK PARK PCON-FOR-T PRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS FOREST AND TUNDRA PCON-UP-FOR PRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS UPLAND FOREST PCONIF-FOR PRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS FOREST PCONIF-FOR-M PRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS FOREST AND MARSH PCONIF-LFOR PRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS LOWLAND FOREST PCONIF-LFOR-M PRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS LOWLAND FOREST AND MARSH PCONIF-UFOR-T PRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS UPLAND FOREST AND TUNDRA PHARD-FOREST PRODUCTIVE HARDWOOD FOREST PHARD-UP-FOR PRODUCTIVE HARDWOOD UPLAND FOREST 25

PLOW-CON-S-FOR PRODUCTIVE LOWLAND CONIFEROUS SWAMI' FOREST PLOW-FOREST PRODUCTIVE LOWLAND FOREST PLOW-FOREST-T PRODUCTIVE LOWLAND FOREST AND TUNDRA PLOW-S-FOR PRODUCTIVE LOWLAND SWAMI'FOREST PMIX-CON-FOR PRODUCTIVE MIXED AND CONIFEROUS FOREST PMIX-CON-S-FOR PRODUCTIVE MIXED AND CONIFEROUS SWAMI' FOREST PMIX-FOREST PRODUCTIVE MIXED FOREST PMIX-HARD-FOR PRODUCTIVE MIXED AND HARDWOOD FOREST PMIX-UP-FOR PRODUCTIVE MIXED UPLAND FOREST PMIX-UP-LOW-FOR PRODUCTIVE MIXED UPLAND AND LOWLAND FOREST PR-ALBERT-NP PRINCE ALBERT NATIONAL PARK PROD-WOODLAND PRODUCTIVE WOODLAND PSWAMP-FOR PRODUCTIVE SWAMI'FOREST PUP-FOREST PRODUCTIVE UPLAND FOREST RESERVOIR RESERVOIR ROCK-UNVEG ROCK AND OTHER UNVEGETATED SURFACES ROUGH-GRAZ ROUGH GRAZING ROUGH-GRAZ-RANGE ROUGH GRAZING AND RANGELAND SAND-DUNE-BEACH SAND FLATS, DUNES AND BEACHES SHRUBS SHRUBS SHRUBS-GRASS SHRUBS AND GRASSES SHRUBS-1MI' SHRUBS, IMPROVED SMALL-FRUITS SMALL FRUITS SPECIAL-CROPS SPECIAL CROPS SWAMI' SWAMI' SWAMP-M-B SWAMI',MARSH OR BOG SWAMP-MARSH SWAMI'OR MARSH TOBACCO TOBACCO TUNDRA TUNDRA UCON-FOR-T UNPRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS FOREST AND TUNDRA UCON-UP-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS UPLAND FOREST UCONIF-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS FOREST UCONIF-FOR-M UNPRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS FOREST AND MARSH UCONIF-LFOR UNPRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS LOWLAND FOREST UCONIF-LFOR-M UNPRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS LOWLAND FOREST AND MASH UCONIF-UFOR-T UNPRODUCTIVE CONIFEROUS UPLAND FOREST AND TUNDRA UHARD-FOREST UNPRODUCTIVE HARDWOOD FOREST UHARD-UP-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE HARDWOOD UPLAND FOREST ULOW-CON-S-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE LOWLAND CONIFEROUS SWAMI'FOREST ULOW-FOREST UNPRODUCTIVE LOWLAND FOREST ULOW-FOREST-T UNPRODUCTIVE LOWLAND FOREST AND TUNDRA ULOW-S-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE LOWLAND SWAMI'FOREST UMIX-CON-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE MIXED AND CONIFEROUS FOREST 26

UMIX-CON-S-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE MIXED AND CONIFEROUS SWAMP FOREST UMIX-FOREST UNPRODUCTIVE MIXED FOREST UMIX-HARD-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE MIXED AND HARDWOOD FOREST UMIX-UP-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE MIXED AND UPLAND FOREST UMIX-UP-LOW-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE MIXED UPLAND AND LOWLAND FOREST UNPR-WOODLAND UNPRODUCTIVE WOODLAND URBAN URBAN USWAMP-FOR UNPRODUCTIVE SWAMP FOREST UUP-FOREST UNPRODUCTIVE UPLAND FOREST VEGETABLES-FIELD VEGETABLES, FIELD CROPS VEGETABLES-HORT VEGETABLES, HORTICULTURAL VINEYARDS VINEYARDS WATER WATER WHEAT-MG WHEAT AND MIXED GRAINS WHEAT-SG WHEAT AND SMALL GRAINS WHEAT-SPEC WHEAT SPECIALTY WILDLIFE-GRAZ WILDLIFE GRAZING WILDLIFE-SANC WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES WOODBUFFALO-NP WOODBUFFALO NATIONAL PARK WOODLAND-GRAZ WOODLAND GRAZING

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

LATDEG LATITUDE (degrees) 3 I

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

LATMIN LATITUDE (minutes) 2 I

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

LONGDEG LONGITUDE (degrees) 3 I

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

LONGMIN LONGITUDE (minutes) 2 I

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

MAPUNIT SOIL MAP UNIT ***KEY FIELD*** 5 C

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

PHASE SOIL PHASE 8 C

RKY-STNY ROCKY AND STONY ROCKY ROCKY STONY STONY 27

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

PM1 PARENT MATERIAL 1 14 C PM2 PARENT MATERIAL 2 14 C PM3 PARENT MATERIAL 3 14 C PM4 PARENT MATERIAL 4 14 C

AEOLIAN AEOLIAN ALLUVIAL-DEP ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS ALLUVIAL-LACUS ALLUVIAL LACUSTRINE ALLUVIUM ALLUVIUM BEACH-DEP BEACH DEPOSITS BEDROCK BEDROCK BEDROCK-1M BEDROCK (IGNEOUS,METAMORPHIC) BEDROCK-IMS BEDROCK (IGNEOUS ,METAMORPHIC, SEDIMENTARY) COLLUVIAL-DEP COLLUVIAL DEPOSITS COLLUVIUM COLLUVIUM DELTAIC-DEP DELTAIC DEPOSITS FLUVIAL FLUVIAL FLUVIAL-LACUS FLUVIAL LACUSTRINE FLUVIAL-OUT FLUVIAL OUTWASH FLUVIOLACUS FLUVIOLACUSTRINE GLACIAL-TILL GLACIAL TILL GLACIAL-TL-AD GLACIAL TILL WITH ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS GLACIAL-TL-FS GLACIAL TILL WITH GLACIOFLUVIAL SANDS GLACIOFLUVIAL GLACIOFLUVIAL GLACIOLACUS GLACIOLACUSTRINE GLACIOMARINE GLACIOMARINE LACUSTRINE LACUSTRINE LACUSTRINE-CD LACUSTRINE CLAY DEPOSITS LACUSTRINE-SIS LACUSTRINE SEDIMENTS WITH SAND INCLUSIONS LAKE-MOD-GT LAKE MODIFIED GLACIAL TILL LOESS LOESS MARINE-CLAYS MARINE CLAYS MARINE-DEP MARINE DEPOSITS MARINE-SANDS MARINE SANDS MARINE-SED MARINE SEDIMENTS MOD-G-TILL MODIFIED GLACIAL TILL MOD-TILL MODIFIED TILL ORGANIC-DEP ORGANIC DEPOSITS OUTWASH OUTWASH PEAT PEAT ROCKLAND-I ROCKLAND (IGNEOUS) ROCKLAND-1M ROCKLAND (IGNEOUS, METAMORPHIC) ROCKLAND-IMS ROCKLAND (IGNEOUS, METAMORPHIC, SEDIMENTARY) ROCKLAND-IS ROCKLAND (IGNEOUS, SEDIMENTARY) ROCKLAND-M ROCKLAND (METAMORPHIC) ROCKLAND-S ROCKLAND (SEDIMENTARY) ROCKLAND-UNSP ROCKLAND (UNSPECIFIED) SALINE-TILL SALINE TILL SAND-INCLUS SAND INCLUSIONS 28

SANDS-G-TILL SANDS OVER GLACIAL TILL SANDSTONE SANDSTONE SCREE SCREE TILL-DEP TILL DEPOSITS TILL-MOD-SHALE TILL MODIFIED BY SHALE VOLCANIC-ASH VOLCANIC ASH

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

PMIMOD PARENT MATERIAL 1 MODIFIER 6 C PM2MOD PARENT MATERIAL 2 MODIFIER 6 C

CALC CALCAREOUS E-CALC EXTREMELY CALCAREOUS M-CALC MODERATELY CALCAREOUS N-CALC NON CALCAREOUS S-CALC STRONGLY CALCAREOUS W-CALC WEAKLY OR SLIGHTLY CALCAREOUS

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

REGION PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGION 11 C

APPALACHIAN APPALACHIAN REGION ARCTIC-CST ARCTIC COASTAL PLAINS ARCTIC-LOW ARCTIC LOWLANDS ATLANTIC ATLANTIC CONTINENTAL SHELF BROOKS-RNG CORDILLERAN REGION, BROOKS RANGE AREA CENTRAL CORDILLERAN REGION, C. PLATEAU AND MOUNTAIN AREA COAST-MTS CORDILLERAN REGION, COAST MOUNTAIN AREA COASTAL-LOW CORDILLERAN REGION, COASTAL LOWLAND DAVIS DAVIS REGION HUDSON HUDSON REGION INNUITIAN INNUITIAN REGION INTERIOR INTERIOR PLATEAU JAMES JAMES REGION KAZAN KAZAN REGION LAURENTIAN LAURENTIAN REGION MACKENZIE CORDILLERAN REGION, MACKENZIE MOUNTAIN AREA NORTHERN CORDILLERAN REGION, N. PLATEAU AND MOUNTAIN AREA OUTER-MTS CORDILLERAN REGION, OUTER MOUNTAIN AREA PORCUPINE CORDILLERAN REGION, PORCUPINE MOUNTAIN AREA ROCKY-MTS CORDILLERAN REGION, ROCKY MOUNTAIN AREA SOUTHERN CORDILLERAN REGION, S. PLATEAU AND MOUNTAIN AREA ST-LAWRENCE ST. LAWRENCE LOWLANDS 29

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

SIGST1 SIGNIFICANT SOIL TYPE 1 13 C SIGST2 SIGNIFICANT SOIL TYPE 2 13 C SIGST3 SIGNIFICANT SOIL TYPE 3 13 C (same as DOMST1)

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

SIGST1M SIGNIFICANT SOIL TYPE 1 MODIFIER 6 C (same as DOMST1M)

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

SOILAREA SOIL MAP UNIT AREA (ha) 9 I

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

SOILUNIT SOILS OF CANADA MAP UNIT SYMBOL 6 C

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

SUBST1 SUBDOMINANT SOIL TYPE 1 13 C SUBST2 SUB DOMINANT SOIL TYPE 2 13 C (same as DOMST1)

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

SUBST1M SUBDOMINANT SOIL TYPE 1 MODIFIER 6 C SUBST2M SUBDOMINANT SOIL TYPE 2 MODIFIER 6 C (same as DOMST1M)

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

TEXTURE 1 SOIL TEXTURE 1 6 C TEXTURE2 SOIL TEXTURE 2 6 C

CLAYEY CLAYEY LOAMY LOAMY SANDY SANDY

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

TOPOCLAS TOPOGRAPHIC SLOPE CLASS 7 C

LEVEL DOMINANTLY LEVEL TO UNDULATING ROLLING ROLLING TO HILLY STEEP STEEPLY SLOPING TO MOUNTAINOUS 30

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

XCOORD X COORDINATE (scale 1:5,000,000) 6 N 2

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

YCOORD Y COORDINATE (scale 1:5,000,000) 6 N 2 31

DATAFILE NAME: ACRI

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

ACRIH1 AGROCLIMATIC RESOURCE INDEX, HIGH VALUE 4 N 2 ACRILO AGROCLIMATIC RESOURCE INDEX, LOW VALUE 4 N 2 CAMUI CLIMATICALLY AVAILABLE MOISTURE USE INDEX 5 N 3 MAPUNIT *** KEY FIELD *** 5 C 32

DATAFILE NAME: SOILCLIM

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

MAPUNIT SOIL MAP UNIT ***KEY FIELD*** 5 C

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

MOISTCL1 SOIL MOISTURE CLASS 1 8 C MOISTCL2 SOIL MOISTURE CLASS 2 8 C

AQUIC SOIL SATURATED MODERATELY LONG PERIODS ARID SOIL DRY, NEVER MOIST AS LONG AS 90 DAYS HUMID VERY SLIGHT WATER DEFICITS (2.5-6.4 em) PERAQUIC SOIL SATURATED LONG PERIODS OF TIME PERHUMID WATER DEFICITS 0-2.5 em IN GROWING SEASON SEMIARID SOME PARTS DRY DURING GROWING SEASON MOST YEARS SUBAQUIC SOIL SATURATED FOR SHORT PERIODS OF TIME SUBAID SOIL DRY, PERIODS UP TO 90 DAYS WHEN SOIL MOIST SUBHUMID SIGNIFICANT MOISTURE DEFICIT DURING GROWING SEASON (6.4-12 em) XERIC SOIL DRY 45 OF 120 CONSECUTIVE DAYS AFTER WINTER/SUMMER SOLSTICE

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

CLIMMOD CLIMATE MODIFIER 12 C

COMPLEX COMPLEX OF VERTICAL ZONATION AND ASPECT MAR-AND-COMP MARITIME AND COMPLEX MARITIME MARITIME INFLUENCE

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

MOISTINCL1 SOIL MOISTURE CLASS INCLUSIONS 8 C MOISTINCL2 SOIL MOISTURE CLASS INCLUSIONS 8 C (same as MOISTCL1) 33

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

TEMPCLI SOIL TEMPERATURE CLASS 1 10 C TEMPCL2 SOIL TEMPERATURE CLASS 2 10 C

ARCTIC EXTREMELY COLD BOREAL-C COOL BOREAL-MC MODERATELY COOL CRYOBOREAL-C COLD CRYOBOREAL-MC MODERATELY COLD MESIC-M MILD MESIC-MW MODERATELY WARM SUBARCTIC VERY COLD THERMIC MODERATELY WARM TO WARM 34

DATAFILE NAME: ACTUAL YIELDS

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

MAPUNIT ***KEY FIELD*** 5 C YRSBAR YEARS AVERAGED FOR BARLEY 11 C YLDBAR AVERAGE ACTUAL YIELD, BARLEY (kg/ha) 8 N 2 YRSCAN YEARS AVERAGED FOR CANOLA 11 C YLDCAN AVERAGE ACTUAL YIELD, CANOLA (kg/ha) 8 N 2 YRSCORN YEARS AVERAGED FOR GRAIN CORN 11 C YLDCORN AVERAGE ACTUAL YIELD, GRAIN CORN (kg/ha) 8 N 2 YRSFLAX YEARS AVGERAGED FOR FLAXSEED 11 C YLDFLAX AVERAGE ACTUAL YIELD, FLAXSEED (kg/ha) 8 N 2 YRSOATS YEARS AVERAGED FOR OATS 11 C YLDOATS AVERAGE ACTUAL YIELD, OATS (kg/ha) 8 N 2 YRSPOT YEARS AVERAGED FOR POTATO 11 C YLDPOT AVERAGE ACTUAL YIELD, POTATO (kg/ha) 8 N 2 YRSRYE YEARS AVERAGED FOR RYE 11 C YLDRYE AVERAGE ACTUAL YIELD, RYE (kg/ha) 8 N 2 YRSSOY YEARS AVERAGED FOR SOYBEAN 11 C YLDSOY AVERAGE ACTUAL YIELD, SOYBEAN (kg/ha) 8 N 2 YRSWHT YEARS AVERAGED FOR WHEAT 11 C YLDWHT AVERAGE ACTUAL YIELD, WHEAT (kg/ha) 8 N 2 35

DATAFILE NAME: DEGRADATION

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

ATMODEP 2 I

ESTIMATED MEAN ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION (WET AND DRY) OF SUBSTANCES AFFECTING SOIL ACIDITY (meq/100g soil/yr)

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

LIMEADD LIME NEEDED FOR AGRICULTURAL LAND 9 C

0-100 0-100 kg/ha/yr 100-500 100-500 kg/ha/yr 500-1000 500-1000 kg/ha/yr 1000+ 1000+ kg/ha/yr

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

MAPUNIT SOIL MAP UNIT ***KEY FIELD*** 5 C

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

POINTRN 2 I

DEPTH OF POINT RAINFALL FOR 1 hr. OBSERVATION FOR STORM OCCURRENCE WITH A 10 YEAR RETURN PERIOD (rom)

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

RUNOFF 4 I

MEAN ANNUAL UNIT-AREA WATER YIELD TO STREAM CHANNELS (rom)

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

SMDEFANN 3 I

MEAN ANNUAL SOIL WATER DEFICIT (rom) 36

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

SOILSENS 8 C

SOIL SENSITIVITY TO LONG TERM ACID PRECIPITATION

NON-SENS NON SENSITIVE MOD-SENS MODERATELY SENSITIVE HI-SENS HIGHLY SENSITIVE UNCLASS UNCLASSIFIED

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

WINDMAX 3 I

WIND SPEED MAXIMUM FOR 1 hr. OBSERVATION FOR STORM OCCURRENCE WITH A 10 YEAR RETURN PERIOD (km/hr) 37

DATAFILE NAME: CONSTRAINTFREE

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

CFBAR CF YIELD BARLEY (kg/ha) 6 N 1 CFCAN CF YIELD CANOLA (kg/ha) 6 N 1 CFCORN CF YIELD GRAIN CORN (kg/ha) 7 N 1 CFFORAGE CF YIELD FORAGE (kg/ha) 7 N 1 CFOATS CF YIELD OATS (kg/ha) 6 N 1 CFPBEAN CF YIELD PHASEOLUS BEAN (kg/ha) 6 N 1 CFPOT CF YIELD POTATO (kg/ha) 7 N 1 CFSOY CF YIELD SOYBEAN (kg/ha) 6 N 1 CFSUNF CF YIELD SUNFLOWER (kg/ha) 6 N 1 CFWHT CF YIELD SPRING WHEAT (kg/ha) 6 N 1 MAPUNIT ***KEY FIELD*** 5 C 38

DATAFILE NAME: CLI

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

CLI CLI RATING FOR MAP UNIT 48 C CLI-A CLI RATING PART A 12 C CLI-B CLI RATING PART B 12 C CLI-C CLI RATING PART C 12 C CLI-D CLI RATING PART D 12 C MAPUNIT ***KEY FIELD*** 5 C 39

DATAFILE NAME: PROVPROPORTION

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

MAPUNIT *** KEY FIELD *** 5 C PROVl PROVINCE 1 6 C PROVPROPl PROPORTION OF MAPUNIT IN PROVl (%) 3 I PROV2 PROVINCE2 6 C PROVPROP2 PROPORTION OF MAPUNIT IN PROV2 (%) 2 I PROV3 PROVINCE 3 6 C PROVPROP3 PROPORTION OF MAPUNIT IN PROV3 (%) 2 I 40

DATAFILE NAME: SOILSUITABILITY

VARIABLE FIELD VALUE DESCRIPTION WIDTH TYPE N.DEC

MAPUNIT ***KEY FIELD*** 5 C NSBAR AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR BARLEY (%) 2 I NSCAN AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR CANOLA (%) 2 I NSCRN AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR GRAIN CORN (%) 2 I NSOAT AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR OATS (%) 2 I NSPBN AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR PHASEOLUS 2 I BEAN (%) NSPOT AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR POTATO (%) 2 I NSSOY AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR SOYBEAN (%) 2 I NSSUN AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR SUNFLOWER (%) 2 I NSWHT AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR SPR. WHEAT (%) 2 I SBAR AREA SUITABLE FOR BARLEY (%) 2 I SCAN AREA SUITABLE FOR CANOLA (%) 2 I SCRN AREA SUITABLE FOR GRAIN CORN (%) 2 I SOAT AREA SUITABLE FOR OATS (%) 2 I SPBN AREA SUITABLE FOR PHAS. BEAN (%) 2 I SPOT AREA SUITABLE FOR POTATO (%) 2 I SSOY AREA SUITABLE FOR SOYBEAN (%) 2 I SSUN AREA SUITABLE FOR SUNFLOWER (%) 2 I SWHT AREA SUITABLE FOR SPRING WHEAT (%) 2 I WSBAR AREA WELL SUITED FOR BARLEY (%) 2 I WSCAN AREA WELL SUITED FOR CANOLA (%) 2 I WSCRN AREA WELL SUITED FOR GRAIN CORN (%) 2 I WSOAT AREA WELL SUITED FOR OATS (%) 2 I WSPBN AREA WELL SUITED FOR PHASEOLUS 2 I BEAN (%) WSPOT AREA WELL SUITED FOR POTATO (%) 2 I WSSOY AREA WELL SUITED FOR SOYBEAN (%) 2 I WSWHT AREA WELL SUITED FOR SPR. WHEAT (%) 2 I 41

APPENDIX III

ADDITIONAL DEFINITIONS FOR VARIABLES IN THE DATA BASE

AGROCLlMATIC RESOURCE INDEX (ACRI)

The agroclimatic resource index (ACRI) provides an approximate method for quantitatively comparing quality of the agroclimate for agricul ture in different parts of Canada (Will iams, 1975). It is cal- culated by considering growing season length, temperature and moisture as they relate to forage yields.

The index is based on long term records of hay yields, since it is only the hay crop which is grown across Canada and can potentially use the full growing season. Index values range from 3.00 for Kent-Essex counties to a low of 1.00 for the Northwest Territories. The index is based on a growing season which is defined as the period in days between the last killing spring frost (-2.2C) and the first killing fall frost, with downward adjustments for Maritime climates for inadequate summer heat, and in the Prairie regions for aridity.

The variables ACRIHI and ACRILO give the high and low ACRI readings (based on a 3.00 - 1.00 scale) for each soil map unit.

The ACRI values for each map unit were coded by superimposing a map of ACRI isolines onto the Soils of Canada map, and selecting the lowest and highest values of the isolines surrounding each map unit (Dumanski and Stewart, 1981).

CLIMATIC AVAILABLE MOISTURE USE INDEX (CAMUI)

CAMUI represents the ratio of actual evapotranspiration to potent- ial evapotranspiration during the growing season. Broadly speaking, CAMUI values were determined by monitoring the daily change in soil moisture over the growing season, taking into consideration precipitat~ ion, evapotranspiration, and runoff. Various soil moisture holding capacities, determined by the texture of the soil, are taken into con- sideration" The calculation procedure is outlined in detail by Stewart (1981).

SOIL CAPABILITY FOR AGRICULTURE (CLI)

These variables were derived by overlaying the Soil Capability for Agriculture maps onto the Soil Map of Canada and estimating the proport- ion of each capability class in each soil map unit. Up to four dominant capability classes can be shown for each map unit, each with one sub- dominant class. The relationship among the soil capability fields (eLI, CLI-A, CLI-B, CLI-C, CLI-D) is shown in Figure 1. The CLI fields are arranged such that CLI-A shows the rating for the largest proportion of the map unit, CLI-B, the next largest, etc. The definitions of the classes and modifiers are shown below. 42

CAPABILITY CLASSES

a Organic soils (Note: This value is letter '0' not the numeral zero)

U Unmapped area

1 Soils in this class have no significant limitations in use for crops

2 Soils in this class have moderate limitations that restrict the range of crops or require moderate conservation practices

3 Soils in this class have moderately severe limitations that restrict the range of crops or require special conservation practices

4 Soils in this class have severe limitations that restrict the range of crops or require special conservation pracitces or both

5 Soils in this class have very severe limitations that restrict their capability to producing perennial forage crops, and improvement practices are feasible

6 Soils in this class are capable only of producing perennial forage crops, and improvement practices are not feasible

7 Soils in this class have no capability for arable culture or permanent pasture

SOIL CAPABILITY MODIFIERS

A Droughtiness or aridity as a result of climate

D Undesirable soil structure, low permeability

E Past damage from erosion

F Low natural fertility

H Adverse climate as a result of cold temperatures

I Periodic innundation by streams and lakes

M Deficient soil moisture

N Salinity

P Stoniness

R Shallowness to bedrock

S A combination of two or more of the subclasses D, F, M and N 43

T Adverse relief because of steepness or pattern of slopes

V A pattern of wet (W) and moisture deficit (M) soils very in- timately associated

W Excessive soil moisture

X An accumulation of two or more adverse characteristics that in- dividually would not affect the class rating

Significant inclusion - CLI class with 2 mod if iers

Figure 1. Relationship and content of the soil capability fields.

DOMINANT SOIL TYPE (DOMST)

This is the soil subgroup or association of subgroups which occupy more than 40% of the area of a map unit. Space has been provided for listing a maximum of three subgroups within the dominant soil type: DOMST1, DOMST2, DOMST3. The values in these fields display, from left to right, the soil subgroup, Great Group and Order (eg. ELDKBN-CHERNO is an Eluviated Dark Brown Chernozemic soil).

DOMINANT SOIL TYPE MODIFIER (DQMSTIM)

This represents land factors which are not included in the taxonomic classification, but which are an important consideration for land use.

FAO NUMERICAL MODIFIER (FAOMUNOD)

This refers to associated soils which occupy at least 20% of the area of the map unit. For example, in LC5-3a, the figure "5" is the numerical modifier. (See FAO-UNESCO Soil Map of the World, Vol. 1, Legend FAO, 1974.) 44

FAO SLOPE CLASS (FAOSLCL)

The FAO slope class indicates the dominant re Iief or slope of a soil association. Three classifications (symbols a, b and c) are used.

a. level to gently undulating: dominant slopes ranging between 0-8 percent;

b. rolling to hilly: dominant slopes ranging between 8-30 percent;

c. steeply dissected to mountainous: dominant slopes over 30 percent.

FAO SOIL TYPE I (FAOSTl)

This refers to the dominant soil for each FAO soil map unit.

FAO SOIL TYPE 2 (FAOST2)

Associated soils representing more than 20% of the map unit area.

FAO SOIL TYPE 3 (FAOST3)

These are soils which represent less than 20% of the soil map unit area.

FAO TEXTURE (FAOTEXT)

Texture is the relative proportion of sand, silt and clay of the dom- inant soil for each soil map unit. Texture classes are: Coarse texture: sands, loamy sand and sandy loams with less than 18 per- cent clay, and more than 65 percent sand.

Medium texture: sandy loams, loams, sandy clay loams, silt loams with less than 35 percent clay and less than 65 percent sand; the sand fract- ions may be as high as 82 percent if a minimum of 18 percent clay is present.

Fine texture: clays, silty clays, sandy clays, clay loams and silty clay loams with more than 35 percent clay.

Where two or three texture names appear, this means that all named textures are present in the map unit.

LIMING ADDITION (LIMEADD)

The amount of lime needed annually to counteract natural soil acid- ity and the effects of acid precipitation. 45

MAP UNIT (MAPUNIT)

Soil map units are identified by unique symbols on the Soils of Canada map. The initial letter of the symbol indicates the soil Order of the dominant soil in the map unit. The number following the letter indicates the Great Group. The number under the taxonomic map symbol is a unique numerical identifier. For example, AliI signifies a unit of Brown Chernozemic soil, area number 1. In the MAPUNIT field of the data base, the area identifier is converted to a three digit number (in this case 001) following the soil Great Group, in which case the computer printout for this soil map unit would be:

MAPUNIT AIOOI SOILUNIT AliI

PHASE (PHASE)

Identifies characteristics of land such as rockiness and stoniness which are important for land use.

SIGNIFICANT SOIL TYPE (SIGST)

These are soil inclusions which occupy between 10 and 20 percent of the area of the map unit. Fields have been provided for up to three significant soil types in each map unit.

SOIL MOISTURE HOLDING CAPACITY (SMHC)

These values are based on soil texture as follows:

sand 100 mm sandy loam 150 mm clay loam 200 mm clay 280 mm

SOIL UNIT MOISTURE CLASS (MOISTCL)

Aquic - Soil saturated for moderately long periods.

Arid - Soil dry in some or all parts most of the time when soil temp- erature is ~ 5C. No periods as long as 90 consecutive days when the soil is moist.

Very severe growing season deficits. Water deficits> 38.1 cm in Boreal and ~ 50.8 cm in Mesic or warmer classes. Climatic Moist- ure Index CMI 74-84. 46

Humid - Soil not dry in any part for as long as 90 consecutive days in most years.

- Very slight deficits in the growing ~eason. Water deficits 2.5 - < 6.4 cm. CMI 74-84.

Peraquic - Soil moist all year, seldom dry.

No significant water deficits in the growing season. Water deficits i 2.5 cm. CMI > 84.

Semiarid - Soil dry in some parts when soil temperature is > 5C in most years.

Moderately severe deficits in the growing season.

- Water deficits 12.7 - <19.1 cm. CMI46-58.

Subaquic - Soil saturated for short periods.

Subarid - Soil dry in some or all parts most of the time when the soil temperature is ~ 5C. Some periods as long as 90 consecutive days when the soil is moist.

- Severe growing season deficits. Water deficits 19.1-38.1 cm in Boreal and Cryoboreal classes, 19.1 - <50.8 cm in Mesic or warmer classes. CMI 25-45.

Humid - Soil dry in some parts when soil temperature is ~ 5C in some years.

Significant deficits within the growing season. Water deficits 6.4 - <12.7 cm. CMI59-73.

Xeric - Soil dry in all parts 45 consecutive days or more within the 4 month period (July to October) after the summer solstice in more than 6 years out of 10.

- Soil moist in all parts for 45 consecutive days or more within the 4 month period (January to April) after the winter solstice in more than 6 years out of 10.

Arid and Xeric subclasses are not believed to occur extensively in Canada, but may be found in local areas of microclimate.

SOIL TEMPERATURE CLASSIFICATION (TEMPCL)

Arctic - Extremely Cold

Mean annual soil temperature <-7C Mean summer soil temperature <5C Growing season ~5C, <15 days Thermal period ~15C, none 47

Regions in this class have continuous permafrost usually with- in a depth of 1 m.

Subarctic - Very Cold

Mean annual soil temperature -7 to <2C Mean summer soil temperature 5 to <8C Growing season l5C, 120 days Growing season degree-days l5C, <555 Thermal period l15C, none

Regions in this class have widespread permafrost. Some pro- files do not have permafrost within a depth of 1 m. Alpine soils are included in this class.

Cryoboreal - Cold to Moderately Cold

Mean annual soil temperature 2 to <8C' Mean summer soil temperature 8 to <15C

Soils with aquic regions may remain frozen for portions of the growing season. Organic soils having discontinuous or localized permafrost should be classified as Moderately Cold.

Cryoboreal - Cold

Growing season l5C, 120 to 180 days Growing season degree-days l5C, 555 to <1110

Cryoboreal - Moderately Cold

Growing season degree-days l5C, 1110 to <1250

Boreal - Cold to Moderately Cold

Mean annual soil temperature 5 to <8C Mean summer soil temperature 15 to <18C

Boreal - Cold

Growing season l5C, >170 days Growing season degree-days l5C, 1250 to <1388 Thermal period l15C, <60 days

Boreal - Moderately Cold

Growing season l5C, <220 days Growing season degree-days l5C, 1388 to <1720 Thermal period >5C, <120 days 48

Mesic - Mild

Mean annual soil temperature 8 to <15C Mean summer soil temperature 15 to <22C

Mesic - Mild

Growing season ~5C, 220 to 240 days Growing season degree-days ~5C, 1720 to 2220 Thermal period ~15C, <120 days

Mesic - Moderately Warm

Growing season ~5C, <240 days Growing season degree-days ~5C, 2220 to 2275 Thermal period ~15C, >180 days

SUITABILITY CLASSIFICATION (WS,S,NS)

This shows the percentage of soil area in each soil map unit that is well suited, suited and not suited for specific crops. The percent- ages were evaluated by taking into account both cl imate and Soil Cap- ability for Agriculture (Dumanski and Stewart 1981).

Well Suited - soils with n%r minor limitations for the production of the crop under consideration.

Suited - soils with moderate limitations that markedly affect production of the crop but not to the extent of making the land unsuited.

Not Suited - soils with major limitations making production not possible, or at best, very limited.

TEXTURE (TEXTURE)

CLAYEY The fine earth contains 35 percent or more clay by weight and particles 2 mm - 25 cm occupy less than 35 percent by volume.

LOAMY The texture of the fine earth includes loamy very fine sand, very fine sand, and finer textures with less than 35 percent clay; particles 2 mm - 25 cm occupy less than 35 percent by volume.

SANDY The texture of the fine earth includes sand, exclusive of loamy very fine sand and very fine sand textures; particles 2 mm - 25 cm occupy less than 35 percent by volume.

TOPOGRAPHY SLOPE DOMINANT (TOPOCLAS)

LEVEL 0 percent to 9 percent slope

ROLLING 9 percent to 30 percent slopes on 40 percent or more of area. The remainder is mainly 0 to 10 percent slopes 49

STEEP Over 30 percent slope on 10 percent or more of area so distributed as to seriously affect land use

WORKABILITYPARAMETER(WRKP)

The workability parameter represents the probability of success- fully harvesting a certain crop. The factor considers the number of work days available for fall harvest, and surface soil moisture in relation to its effect on farm machine tractability. Details of the workability parameter are given in Stewart (1981). Briefly, the growing season length for each map unit was compared with the growing season requirements for each crop. From this a workday requirement, varying from 5 out of 10 to 10 out of 10 days available to harvest the crop was established. The probability of achieving this workday requirement was then calculated for the harvest period. The harvest period of all crops was assumed to be 20 days in length, beginning the date the crop matured to the end of the growing season, whichever occured first. A workability parameter of 70% means that on average 70% of the crop is harvested successfully over the long term. 50

APPENDIX IV

APLPHABETICAL LISTING OF VARIABLE NAMES

VARIABLE DEFINITION DATAFILE

AGSL ACTUAL GROWING SEASON LENGTH GROWSEASCLIM ATMODEP EST. MN. ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION DEGRADATION OF ACID SUBSTANCES CFBAR CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD, BARLEY CONSTRAINTFREE CFCAN CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD, CANOLA CONSTRAINTFREE CFCORN CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD, GRAIN CORN CONSTRAINTFREE CFFORAGE CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD, FORAGE CONSTRAINTFREE CFOATS CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD, OATS CONSTRAINTFREE CFPBEAN CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD, PH. BEAN CONSTRAINTFREE CFPOT CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD, POTATO CONSTRAINTFREE CFSOY CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD, SOYBEAN CONSTRAINTFREE CFSUNF CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD, SUNFLOWER CONSTRAINT FREE CFWHEAT CONSTRAINT-FREE YIELD", SP. WHEAT CONSTRAINTFREE CHU CORN HEAT UNITS GROWSEASINFO CLI CLI RATING FOR MAP UNIT CLI CLI-A CLI RATING, PART A CLI CLI-B CLI RATING, PART B CLI CLI-C CLI RATING, PART C CLI CLI-D CLI RATING, PART D CLI CLIMMOD CLIMATE MODIFIER SOILCLIM DEGDAY5 NO. OF DEGREE DAYS > 5C GROWSEASCLIM DIVISION PHYSIOGRAPHICDIVISION SOILINVENTORY DL(mth) MEAN DAYLENGTH FOR MONTH CLIMATE5180 DOMSTI DOMINANT SOIL TYPE 1 SOILINVENTORY DOMST2 DOMINANT SOIL TYPE 2 SOILINVENTORY DOMST3 DOMINANT SOIL TYPE 3 SOILINVENTORY DOMSTIM DOMINANT SOIL TYPE 1 MODIFIER SOILINVENTORY ELEVHI ELEVATION, HIGHEST POINT SOILINVENTORY ELEVLO ELEVATION, LOWEST POINT SOILINVENTORY FAONUMOD FAO NUMERICAL MODIFIER SOILINVENTORY FAOSLCL FAO SLOPE CLASS SO ILINVENTORY FAOSTI FAO SOIL TYPE 1 SOl L INVENTORY FAOST2 FAO SOIL TYPE 2 SOIL INVENTORY FAOST3 FAO SOIL TYPE 3 SOILINVENTORY FAOTEXT FAO TEXTURE CLASS SOILINVENTORY GREATGR MAP UNIT GREAT GROUP SOILINVENTORY GSEND GROWING SEASON END GROWSEASCLIM GSSTART GROWING SEASON START GROWSEASCLIM LANDFRMI LANDFORM 1 SOIL INVENTORY LANDFRM2 LANDFORM 2 SOILINVENTORY LANSFRM3 LANDFORM 3 SOILINVENTORY LANDUSEI LAND USE 1 SOILINVENTORY LANDUSE2 LAND USE 2 SOILINVENTORY LANDUSE3 LAND USE 3 SOILINVENTORY LANDUSE4 LAND USE 4 SOILINVENTORY LATDEG LATITUDE, DEGREES SOILINVENTORY 51

LATMIN LATITUDE, MINUTES SOILINVENTORY LIMEADD LIME NEEDED FOR AGRICULTURAL LAND DEGRADATION LONGDEG LONGITUDE, DEGREES SOILINVENTORY LONGMIN LONGITUDE, MINUTES SOILINVENTORY MAPUNIT SOIL MAP UNIT KEY TO ALL FILES MNDAILYPE MEAN DAILY POT. EVAPOTRANS. GROWSEASCLIM MNDAILYRAD MEAN DAILY SOLAR RADIATION GROWSEASCLIM MNDAILYT MEAN DAILY TEMPERATURE GROWSEASCLIM MNDAYTIMET MEAN DAYTIME TEMPERATURE GROWSEASCLIM MNMAXCAILYT MEAN MAN IMUM DAILY TEMPERATURE GROWSEASCLIM MNMINDAILYT MEAN MINIMUM DAILY TEMPERATURE GROWSEASCLIM MOISTCL1 SOIL MOISTURE CLASS 1 SOILCLIM MOISTCL2 SOIL MOISTURE CLASS 2 SOILCLIM MOISTINCL1 SOIL MOISTURE CLASS INCLUSIONS SOILCLIM MOISTINCL2 SOIL MOISTURE CLASS INCLUSIONS SOILCLIM NSBAR AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR BARLEY SOILSUITABILITY NSCAN AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR CANOLA SOILSUITABILITY NSCRN AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR GRAIN CORN SOILSUITABILITY NSOAT AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR OATS SOILSUITABILITY NSPBN AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR PH. BEAN SOILSUITABILITY NSPOT AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR POTATO SOILSUITABILITY NSSOY AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR SOYBEAN SOILSUITABILITY NSSUN AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR SUNFLOWER SOILSUITABILITY NSWHT AREA NOT SUITABLE FOR WHEAT SOILSUITABILITY N2000 NO. OF DAYS TO REACH 2000 CHU GROWSEASCLIM N2200 NO. OF DAYS TO REACH 2200 CHU GROWSEASCLIM N2300 NO. OF DAYS TO REACH 2300 CHU GROWSEASCLIM PE(mth) MEAN POT. EVAPOTRANS. FOR MONTH CLIMATE5180 PHASE SOIL PHASE SOl L INVENTORY PM1 PARENT MATERIAL 1 SOILINVENTORY PM2 PARENT MATERIAL 2 SOILINVENTORY PM3 PARENT MATERIAL 3 SOILINVENTORY PM4 PARENT MATERIAL 4 SOILINVENTORY PM1MOD PARENT MATERIAL 1 MODIFIER SOILINVENTORY PM2MOD PARENT MATERIAL 2 MODIFIER SOILINVENTORY POINTRN 1 HR STORM RAINFALL DEGRADATION RAIN MEAN RAINFALL (GROW. SEAS.) GROWSEASCLIM RAIN(mth) MEAN RAINFALL FOR MONTH CLIMATE5180 REGION PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGION SOILINVENTORY RUNOFF MN. ANN. RUNOFF TO STREAMS DEGRADATION SBAR AREA SUITABLE FOR BARELY SOILSUITABILITY SCAN AREA SUITABLE FOR CANOLA SOILSUITABILITY SCRN AREA SUITABLE FOR GRAIN CORN SOILSUITABILITY SIGST1 SIGNIFICANT SOIL TYPE 1 SOILINVENTORY SIGST2 SIGNIFICANT SOIL TYPE 2 SOILINVENTORY SIGST3 SIGNIFICANT SOIL TYPE 3 SOILINVENTORY SIGST1M SIGNIFICANT SOIL TYPE 1 MODIFIER SOILINVENTORY SMDEFANN MN. ANN. SOIL WATER DEFICIT DEGRADATION SMHC SOIL MOISTURE HOLDING CAPACITY CLIMATE5180 SNOW(mth) MEAN SNOWFALL FOR MONTH CLIMATE5180 SOAT AREA SUITABLE FOR OATS SOILSUITABILITY SOILAREA SOIL MAP UNIT AREA SOILINVENTORY SOILSENS SOIL SENSITIVITY TO ACID PPTN. DEGRADATION SOILUNIT SOILS OF CANADA MAP UNIT SYMBOL SOILINVENTORY 52

SOLAR(mth) MEAN SOLAR RADIATION FOR MONTH CLIMATE5180 SPBN AREA SUITABLE FOR PH. BEAN SOILSUITABILITY SPOT AREA SUITABLE FOR POTATO SOILSUITABILITY SSOY AREA SUITABLE FOR SOYBEAN SOILSUITABILITY SSUN AREA SUITABLE FOR SUNFLOWER SOILSUITABILITY SUBST1 SUBDOMINANT SOIL TYPE 1 SOILINVENTORY SUBST2 SUBDOMINANT SOIL TYPE 2 SOILINVENTORY SUBST1M SUBDOMINANT SOIL TYPE 1 MODIFIER SOILINVENTORY SUBST2M SUBDOMINANT SOIL TYPE 2 MODIFIER SOILINVENTORY SWHT AREA SUITABLE FOR WHEAT SOILSUITABILITY TEMPCL! SOIL TEMPERATURE CLASS 1 SOILCLIM TEMPCL2 SOIL TEMPERATURE CLASS 2 SOILCLIM TEXTURE 1 SOIL TEXTURE 1 SOILINVENTORY TEXTURE2 SOIL TEXTURE 2 SOILINVENTORY TMAX(mth) MAX. TEMP. FOR MONTH CLIMATE5180 TMEAN(mth) MEAN TEMP. FOR MONTH CLIMATES180 TMIN(mth) MIN. TEMP. FOR MONTH CLIMATES180 TOPOCLAS TOPOGRAPHIC SLOPE CLASS SOILINVENTORY VAP MEAN VAPOUR PRESSURE (GROW.SEAS.) GROWSEASCLIM VAPOUR(mth) MEAN VAPOUR PRESSURE FOR MONTH CLIMATES180 WIND MEAN WINDSPEED (GROW. SEAS.) GROWSEASCLIM WIND(mth) MEAN WINDSPEED FOR MONTH CLIMATES180 WINDMAX 1 HR STORM WINDSPEED DEGRADATION WSBAR AREA WELL SUITED FOR BARELY SOILSUITABILITY WSCAN AREA WELL SUITED FOR CANOLA SOILSUITABILITY WSCRN AREA WELL SUITED FOR GRAIN CORN SOILSUITABILITY WSOAT AREA WELL SUITED FOR OATS SOILSUITABILITY WSPBN AREA WELL SUITED FOR PH. BEAN SOILSUITABILITY WSPOT AREA WELL SUITED FOR POTATO SOILSUITABILITY WSSOY AREA WELL SUITED FOR SOYBEAN SOILSUITABILITY WSWHT AREA WELL SUITED FOR SPRING WHEAT SOILSUITABILITY XCOORD X COORDINATE (SCALE 1:5M) SOILINVENTORY XCOORD Y COORDINATE (SCALE 1:5M) SOILINVENTORY YLDBAR ACTUAL AVERAGE YIELD, BARLEY ACTUAL YIELDS YLDCAN ACTUAL AVERAGE YIELD, CANOLA ACTUALYIELDS YLDCORN ACTUAL AVERAGE YIELD, GRAIN CORN ACTUALYIELDS YLDFLAX ACTUAL AVERAGE YIELD, FLAXSEED ACTUAL YIELDS YLDOATS ACTUAL AVERAGE YIELD, OATS ACTUAL YIELDS YLDPOT ACTUAL AVERAGE YIELD, POTATO ACTUAL YIELDS YLDRYE ACTUAL AVERAGE YIELD, RYE ACTUALYIELDS YLDSOY ACTUAL AVERAGE YIELD, SOYBEAN ACTUALYIELDS YLDWHEAT ACTUAL AVERAGE YIELD, SP. WHEAT ACTUALYIELDS YRSBAR YEARS AVERAGED FOR YLDBAR ACTUALYIELDS YRSCAN YEARS AVERAGED FOR YLDCAN ACTUALYIELDS YRSCORN YEARS AVERAGED FOR YLDCORN ACTUAL YIELDS YRSFLAX YEARS AVERAGED FOR YLDFLAX ACTUALYIELDS YRSOATS YEARS AVERAGED FOR YLDOATS ACTUALYIELDS YRSPOT YEARS AVERAGED FOR YLDPOT ACTUALYIELDS YRSRYE YEARS AVERAGED FOR YLDRYE ACTUALYIELDS YRSSOY YEARS AVERAGED FOR YLDSOY ACTUALYIELDS YRSWHEAT YEARS AVERAGED FOR YLDWHEAT ACTUALYIELDS 53

REFERENCES

Clayton, J.S., Ehrlich, W.A., Cann, D.B., Day, J.H. and Marshall, I.B. 1977. Soils of Canada, Vols 1 and 2. Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa. pp. 239.

Dumanski, J. and Stewart, R.B. 1981. Crop Production Potentials for Land Evaluation in Canada. Agriculture Canada, Ottawa. pp. 80.

Dumanski, J., Zeng, Z.Y. and Kirkwood, V. 1988. Assessing the Physical Land Fexibility of the Prairie Region of Western Canada. In Crop Production Risks in the Canadian Prairie Region in Relation to Climate and Land Resources. J. Dumanski and V. Kirkwood (Eds). Agriculture Canada, Ottawa. pp. 113-130.

F.A.O. 1978. Report on the agro-ecological zones project. Vol.l, Methodology and results for Africa. World Soil Resource Report No. 48, F.A.O., Rome, pp. 193.

Kirkwood, V., Dumanski, J., MacDonald, K.B., Stewart, R.B. and Gronas, B. 1983. The Land Protential Data Base for Canada, Users' Handbook. Agriculture Canada, Ottawa. pp. 65.

Stewart, R.B. 1981. Modeling Methodology for Assessing Crop Production Potentials in Canada. Agriculture Canada, Ottawa. pp. 29.

Williams, G.D.V. 1975. An Agroclimatic Resource Index for Canada and its use in Describing Agricultural Land Losses. Unpub. Int. Rpt., Agriculture Canada, Ottawa.