BIOTECHNOLOGY Midyear Exam Review

BIOTECHNOLOGY Midyear Exam Review UNIT 1 – The Biotechnology Century and its Workforce

1. What is Biotechnology? Definition:

a. List types of biotech:

b. List some biotech jobs:

2. Scientific method: review steps (Bio text, if needed)

UNIT 2 – An Introduction to Genes and Genomes

3. cells

a. review functions of organelles (textbook pp30-31)

b. properties of water: polarity  solvent, osmosis, etc.

c. review plasma membrane – read through bellwork activity before Hepatitis C research

d. CREATE: Venn diagram that compares/contrasts eukaryotes versus prokaryotes (text p28)

PROKARYOTES EUKARYOTES 4. DNA

a. history of DNA science – review PowerPoint notes and history notes MATCHING:

1. _____ Miescher

2. _____ Griffith A. demonstrated transformation

3. _____ Avery/MacLeod/McCarty B. determined that DNA is genetic material

C. identified nucleic acids

b. DNA structure – DRAW a nucleotide (text p33)

c. LIST DNA nucleotides: ______

______

d. LIST RNA nucleotides: ______

e. What is a gene? definition: ______

5. DNA replication – explain:

a. When does this happen? ______

______

b. Where? ______

______

c. Why? ______

______

d. What molecules are involved? ______

______

e. phosphodiester bond - ______

______

6. What is a mutation? Definition: ______

______

a. LIST THREE TYPES OF MUTATIONS (text pp51-53): ______

b. What is a karyotype? Definition: ______

______

7. protein synthesis – from DNA to protein

a. Central Dogma

b. see notes from 1/6/15

8. What is the epigenome? Definition: ______

______

UNIT 3 – Recombinant DNA Technology and Genomics

9. recombinant DNA -

a. What is a restriction enzyme? Where are they found? How are they named? ______

b. What makes a good plasmid DNA vector? ______

______

c. What is transformation of bacterial cells? ______

______

10. What is cloning? ______

a. DNA libraries? ______

b. cDNA? ______

11. recombinant DNA technology

a. gel electrophoresis – How is it used? ______

______

b. DNA sequencing – How is it used? ______

______

UNIT 4 – Proteins as Products

12. LIST some enzymes (p102/text): ______

______

13. LIST some protein products (p103/text): ______

______

14. Review structures (p105/text)

15. Production – What is a bioreactor? ______

______

16. COMPLETE TABLE 4.3 (p110/text) Advantages and Disadvantages of Recombinant Protein Production in E.coli ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES

17. What is proteomics? Definition: ______

______