Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
STUDY PERIOD-DEC, 2013 TO FEB , 2014 NON-FOREST LAND
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR
RIVER BED MINING PROJECT OF MINOR MINERAL ORDINARY SAND(BAJRI) IN Tehsil: Bilara, District: Jodhpur, Rajasthan NAME OF RIVER – LUNI & MITRI RIVER AND ITS CONNECTED FLOW NALLAHS Purpose – Fresh Grant, Proposed Production – 40,00,000 MTPA APPLIED LEASE AREA– 2439Hect. PROJECT COST – 2.5 CRORE. CATEGORY- ΄A΄
APPLICANT EIA CONSULTANT Sh. Himmat Singh Sekhawat M/S UDAIPUR MIN-TECH PVT. LTD 98, Rooprajat Township 206-APEKSHA COMPLEX Phase-II,Pal Road, SECTOR NO.-11 Jodhpur, Rajasthan HIRAN MAGARI, UDAIPUR-313002 (RAJ.) Mobs. 09799955444 PH- 91-294-2489672 (OFF.) E mail:- yagyapratap@gmailcom E mail :- [email protected]
ACCREDITED BY NABET (S.NO. 159) CATEGORY “A” FOR SECTOR 1 & ‘B’ CATEGORY FOR SECTOR 22 & 38
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 1
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. CONTENTS
CHAPTER PARTICULAR PAGE NO. NO. 0 ACCREDITATION CERTIFICATE OF NABET 3 0 COMPLIANCE TO TERM OF REFERENCE 32 (TOR) I INTRODUCTION 34-41 II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 42-54 III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 55-157 IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 158-172 & MITIGATION MEASURES V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 173-174 VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 175-178 PROGRAMME VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 179-192 VIII PROJECT BENEFITS 193-195 IX ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 196-205 X SUMMARY &CONCLUSION 206-209 XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED 210-212
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 2
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 3
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Minutes of 86th Accreditation Committee Meeting for Surveillance Assessment held on August 13, 2014
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
INDEX
S.NO. PARTICULAR PAGE NO. CHAPTER – I INTRODUCTION 34-41 1.1 PURPOSE OF REPORT 34 1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT 34 PROPONENT 1.3 LEGAL FRAMEWORK RELATED TO SAND MINING 35 1.4 BRIEF PROJECT DESCRIPTION 36 1.5 LEASE STATUS 36 1.6 LOCATION AND COMMUNICATION 37 1.7 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 38 PLAN 1.8 METHODOLOGY FOR EIA 38 1.9 SCOPE OF THE STUDY 38 1.10 TERMS OF REFERENCE 41 CHAPTER – II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 42-53 2.1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE NATURE OF THE 42 PROJECT 2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE 42 TO THE COUNTRY AND REGION 2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 42 2.4 DEMAND SUPPLY GAP 43 2.5 GENERAL GEOLOGY & LOCAL GEOLOGY 43 2.6 MINEABLE AREA AND RESERVE 45 2.7 METHOD OF MINING 45 2.8 REPLENISHMENT IN MINING AREA 46 2.9 EMPLOYMENT GENERATION 49 2.10 WASTE GENERATION 49 2.11 TRANSPORTATION 49 2.12 ANTICIPATED LIFE OF MINE 51 2.13 THE QUANTUM OF DEVELOPMENT AND TONNAGE 51 IN PRODUCTION 2.14 USE OF MINERALS 51 2.15 UTILITIES 52 CHAPTER – III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 54-157 3.1 GENERAL 54 3.2 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE 55 3.3 TOPOGRAPHY 56 3.4 CLIMATIC CONDITION 61 3.5 REPLENISHMENT OF THE AREA 61 3.6 HUMAN SETTLEMENT 61 3.7 HYDROLOGICAL ASPECT 62 3.8 ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION 64 3.9 METEOROLOGY 64 3.10 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY 68 M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 5
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 3.11 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 76 3.12 SOIL ENVIRONMENT 83 3.13 WATER ENVIRONMENT 89 3.14 TRAFFIC STUDY 98 3.15 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 100 3.16 LAND ENVIRONMENT 128 3.17 SOCIO – ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 133 CHAPTER – IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION 158-172 MEASURES 4.1 INTRODUCTION 158 4.2 TOPOGRAPHY & DRAINAGE 158 4.3 IMPACT ON CLIMATE 159 4.4 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT 161 4.5 IMPACT ON NOISELEVEL 168 4.6 IMPACT ON HYDROLOGICAL CONDITION 168 4.7 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY 169 4.8 IMPACT ON FLORA (Core & Buffer Zone) 169 4.9 IMPACT ON FAUNA (Core & Buffer Zone) 169 4.10 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT 170 4.11 IMPACT ON SOIL 171 4.12 IMPACT ON SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 171 CHAPTER – V ANALYSIS of ALTERNATIVES 173-174 5.1 INTRODUCTION 173 5.2 FACTORS BEHIND THE SELECTION OF PROJECT 173 SITE 5.3 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITE 173 5.4 FACTORS BEHIND THE SELECTION OF PROPOSED 173 TECHNOLOGY 5.5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY 174 CHAPTER – VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 175-178 6.1 INTRODUCTION 175 6.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL 175 6.3 RESPONSIBILITIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL 177 MANAGEMENT TEAM (ETM) 6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS 177 6.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL 177 MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER –VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES 179-192 7.1 INTRODUCTION 179 7.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 179 7.3 RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MGT. PLAN 188 7.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS 190 7.5 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, R&R ACTION PLAN 192 CHAPTER – VIII
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. PROJECT BENEFITS 193-195 8.1 INTRODUCTION 193 8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL 193 INFRASTRUCTURE 8.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL 193 INFRASTRUCTURE 8.4 HEALTH & SAFETY 194 8.5 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL 194 8.6 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS 195 CHAPTER – IX ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 196-205 9.1 INTRODUCTION 196 9.2 RIVER COURSE ENVIRONMENT 196 9.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT 197 9.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT 197 9.5 WATER MANAGEMENT 198 9.6 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 198 9.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 198 9.8 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 200 9.9 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH 202 9.10 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 204 9.11 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL 204 CHAPTER – X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 206-209 10.1 INTRODUCTION 206 10.2 AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR 206 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES 10.3 DETAILS OF THE PROJECT 206 10.4 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 207 10.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL 208 MANAGEMENT 10.6 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT 209 10.7 RECOMMENDATION 209 CHAPTER – XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED 210-213
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. LIST OF TABLES
TABLE PARTICULAR PAGE NO. NO. 1.1 PROJECT DETAILS 36 1.2 DATA GENERATION 39 2.1 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT 42 2.2 PEAK WATER REQUIREMENT 52 3.1 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE 55 3.2 MEAN TEMPERATURE & RELATIVE HUMIDITY 65 RECORDS FROM IMD STATIONS 3.3 MEAN TEMPERATURE & RELATIVE HUMIDITY 65 RECORDS FROM SITE 3.4 LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING 69 STATIONS 3.5 PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING VARIOUS 72 AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS 3.6 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY (LEVEL- PM10, SO2, NOX) 73 3.7 LOCATION OF NOISE MONITORING STATION 79 3.8 NOISE LEVEL WITHIN THE STUDY AREA 82 3.9 CPCB NOISE STANDERD 83 3.10 SOIL SAMPLING LOCATION IN THE STUDY 84 AREA 3.11 SOIL ANALYSIS RESULTS 87 3.12 GROUND & SURFACE WATER SAMPLING 91 LOCATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA
3.13 ANALYSIS RESULTS OF GROUND WATER 94 3.14 EXISTING TRAFFIC SCENARIO & LOS 98 3.15 MODIFIED TRAFFIC SCENARIO & LOS 100 3.16 LIST OF FLORAL SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE 107 STUDY AREA 3.17 LIST OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN STUDY AREA 110 3.18 LIST OF FAUNAL SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE 113 STUDY AREA
3.19 LIST OF AVIFAUNAL SPECIES OBSERVED IN 113 THE STUDY AREA 3.20 LIST OF PLANT SPECIES FOR GREEN BELT 116 DEVELOPMENT 3.21 LAND USE PATTERN BASED ON SATELLITE 130 IMAGE 3.22 LAND USE PATTERN-EXISTING& UP TO END OF 132 LEASE PERIOD (5 YEAR) 3.23 DISTRICT AND SUB-DISTRICT WISE 135 DISTRIBUTION OF HABITATION IN THE STUDY AREA 3.24 BROAD LAND-USE PATTERN IN THE STUDY 136
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. AREA 3.25 DEMOGRAPHIC PARTICULARS OF THE STUDY 138 AREA 3.26 AMENITIES AVAILABLE IN THE STUDY AREA 147 3.27 CATEGORY WISE DITRIBUTION OF MANPOWER 150 TO BE DEPLOYED DURING THE OPERATION OF THE MINE 3.28 YEAR WISE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR THE 152 VARIOUS ACTIVITIES PROPOSED TO BE TAKEN UP BY THE MINE OWNER 4.1 LAND USE PATTERN PRE – EXISTING & UP TO 171 END OF LEASE PERIOD (5 YEARS) (IN HECTARE) 4.2 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT MATRIX 172
6.1 MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR 194 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS 6.2 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 178 MEASURES 8.1 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL 194 9.1 STAGE WISE PLANTATION PROGRRAME 199 9.2 YEAR WISE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR THE 202 VARIOUS ACTIVITIES PROPOSED TO BE TAKEN UP BY THE MINE OWNER 9.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH IMPACTS AND 202 MEASURES 10.1 PROJECT DETAILS 207 10.2 MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR 207 ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS 10.3 COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 208 MEASURES
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 9
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. LIST OF FIGURES
PAGE FIG.NO. PARTICULAR NO. 2.1 TRANSPORTATION ROUTE MAP 52 2.2 WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM 55 3.1 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE STUDY AREA 61 3.2 DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA 62 3.3 WIND ROSE DIAGRAM 68 AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING LOCATION IN THE 3.4 72 STUDY AREA PHOTOGRAPHS OF AMBIENT AIR SAMPLING IN THE 3.5 STUDY AREA 73 3.6 NOISE MONITORING IN THE STUDY AREA 82 PHOTOGRAPHS OF NOISE MONITORING IN THE 3.7 83 STUDY AREA 3.8 SOIL SAMPLING LOCATION IN THE STUDY AREA 87 PHOTOGRAPHS OF SOIL SAMPLING IN THE 3.9 88 STUDY AREA 3.9 LAND USE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF SITE 3.10 92 ELEVATION, WORKING DEPTH & GROUND WATER GROUND WATER SAMPLING LOCATION IN THE 3.11 STUDY AREA 94
PHOTOGRAPHS OF WATER SAMPLING IN THE 3.12 95 STUDY AREA 3.13 LAND USE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA. 130 3.14 Broad Land-use Pattern in the Study Area 136 Category wise distribution of manpower to be 3.15 151 deployed during the operation of the mine GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION OF AMBIENT 4.1 AIR QUALITY IN OPERATION PHASE OF 10 Km 162 FOR PM10(NORTH BLOCK) ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL 6.1 176
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. LIST OF ANNEXURES
ANNEXURE PARTICULAR NO. I COPY OF TOR LETTER II COPY OF LETTER OF INTENT III COPY OF APPROVAL LETTER OF MINING PLAN IV COPY OF KHASRA NO. AREA, VILLAGE, IN TEHSIL V COPY OF AIR MONITORING RESULTS a) COPY OF RESULTS OF FREE SILICA IN PM10 VI b) MONTH WISE RAW DATA OF AIR MONITORING VII COPY OF NOISE MONITORING RESULTS VIII COPY OF ANALYSIS RESULTS OF SOIL SAMPLE COPY OF ANALYSIS RESULTS OF GROUND WATER IX SAMPLE SUPREME COURT ORDER DATED 25.11.2013 IN CIVIL X APPEAL NO.(S)9703-9706 OF 2013 XI NOC FOREST HIERARCHICAL SYSTEM FOR ENVIRONMENTAL XII COMPLIANCES XIII SOCIO ECONOMIC DATA XIV NOC FOR ARAVALLI HILLS XV ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF WATER NOC XVI PILLAR CO-ORDINATES XVII COPY OF PUBLIC HEARING MINUTES XVIII COPY OF DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED
LIST OF PLATES PLATE NO. PARTICULAR 1 LOCATION PLAN 2 KEY PLAN 3 SURFACE GEOLOGIOGICAL & SECTION PLAN 4 YERAWISE SECTION IST YEAR TO VTH YEAR
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 11
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. POINT TO BE CLARIFIED TO THE EXPERT APPRAISAL COMMITTEE, (EAC), MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT FORESTS & CLIMATE CHANGE (MOEF & CC), NEW DELHI AS PER THE APPROVED TOR FOR RIVER BED MINING OF BAJRI OF SHRI HIMMAT SINGH SHEKHAWAT, RIVER –GAIR MUMKIN LUNI NADI, MITRI NADI, AND THEIT TRIBUTARIES, IN TEHSIL: BILARA, DISTRICT: JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN APPLIED LEASE AREA – 2439 HECT.
S. No. Description as per MOEF Covered in EIA as per details 1 Year-wise production details since Proposed project is a new Mine allotted to M/s Himmat Singh 1994 should be given, clearly Shekhawat on 09.12.2013 . As per supreme court order dated stating the highest production 25.11.2013 in civil appeal no.(s)9703-9706 of 2013 between achieved in any one year prior to Chief Secretary,Govt. of Rajasthan versus National Green 1994. It may also be categorically Tribunal Bar Association & ORS of SLP @ no. 34811 of 2013, informed whether there had been the production was started and is given below: any increase in production after the EIA Notification, 1994 came S.No Yearly Production(Tonnes) into force w.r.t the highest 1 Jan 2014 to till date production achieved prior to 1994.
Orders attached as Annexure X. 2 A copy of the document in support The Letter of Intent was issued by Joint Secretary, Mines of the fact that the proponent is (Group-2), Government of Rajasthan, letter no. P8 (8) the rightful lessee of the mine Mine/group-2/2013 Jaipur dated 5-03-2013, In favor of should be given. applicant attached as Annexure No. II enclosed. Letter of approval of mining plan is enclosed as Annexure No. III enclosed. 3 All documents including approved All documents including approved mine plan, EIA and public mine plan, EIA report and Public hearing are compatible with one another in terms of the mine hearing should be compatible with lease area, production levels, waste generation and its one another in terms of the mine management. lease area, production levels, waste Topic TOR Mine Plan Public generation and its management Hearing and mining Technology and should Lease M/s Himmat M/s Himmat M/s be in the name of lessee. Singh Singh Himmat Shekhawat Shekhawat Singh Shekhawat Applied 2439 ha 2439 ha 2439 ha lease area Method Open cast Semi- Open cast Open cast of mechanized Semi- Semi- mining mechanized mechanized Producti 40,00,000 40,00,000 40,00,000 on MTPA MTPA MTPA Waste No Overburden No No Generati waste Overburden Overburden on waste waste
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 12
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 4 All corner coordinates of the mine All corner coordinates of the applied lease area, and along lease area, superimposed on a high with other ecological features of the study area (core and resolution imagery/toposheet buffer zone) superimposed on a high resolution imagery/toposheet. should be provided. Such as River Gair mumkin,Luni nadi, Mitri nadi, and their imagery of the proposed area Tributaries should clearly show the land use and other ecological features of the Block No. Latitude Longitude Longitude study area (core and buffer zone). Block-1 West End 26016’56” N 73022’08” E 73°11’3.38’ E East End 26030’58” N 73044’27” E Block-2 West End 26009’24” N 73025’08” E 73°25’23.17’ E East End 26017’58” N 73050’57” E
5 Does the company have a well laid Yes, Company has a well laid down Environment Policy i.e. down Environment policy approved Promote environmental awareness among the employees by its Board of directors? If so, it and encourage them to work in an environmentally may be spelt out in the EIA report responsible manner. with description of the prescribed Trained, educate and inform our employees about operating process/procedures to environmental issues that may affect their work. bring into focus any Where required by legislation or where significant health, infringement/deviation/violation of safety or environmental hazards exist, develop and the environmental of forest maintain appropriate emergency and spill response norms/conditions? The hierarchical programmes. system or administrative order of Reporting Procedure:- the company to deal with the environmental issues and for The applicant has well defined procedures to bring into ensuring compliance with the EC focus any infringement/deviation/violation of the conditions may also be given. The environmental and forest norms. system of reporting of non- The hierarchical system to deal with the environmental compliances/ violations of issues and for ensuring compliance with the environmental norms to the board environmental clearance conditions. Attached as of Directors of the company and/or Annexure:-XII shareholders or stakeholders at Quarterly communication to the Board of Directors large may also be indicated in the /Stakeholders regarding performance of mining on EIA report. environment measures. This is also posted on company’s website.
Environmental officer should directly report to mine owner ( to ensure no non-conformance is there).
Non-Compliance
Supervisor/Observer
Environmental Mining Engineer Health & Safety
Engineer
Preparation of Non-Compliance report and submit to
Owner/Director
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 13
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
6 Issues relating to mine safety, Mining i.e. removal / collection of sand will be carried out by including subsidence study in case open cast semi - mechanized and no underground mining will of underground mining and slope be done. So no subsidence study is required. No drilling and study in case of open cast mining, blasting will be carried out. blasting study etc. should be Mining will be done as per approved mining plan & detailed. The proposed safeguard progressive mine closure plan. measures in each case should also All safety measures will be adopted at the time of be provided. operational phase as it is river bed mining It will be implemented to prevent restrict access to excavation area by unauthorized person as per Mines Act 1952; MMR, 1961. Removal/ collection of sand (Bajri) will be up to 3 meter depth and 20.0 m offset has been left for the safety of river bank. Protective equipment like dust musk, ear plug/muffs and other equipment will be provided for use by workers
7 The study area will comprise of 10 The study area comprises of 10 km zone around the km zone around the mine lease applied mine lease boundary has been considered. from lease periphery and the data Attached as Key Plan of the study Area contained in the EIA such as waste It is a dry river bed sand mine. No mining material waste generation etc. should be for the will be generated during mining activities. life of the mine / lease period. 8 Land use of the study area The land use of the study area which shows forest area, delineating forest area, agriculture land, water bodies, human settlement etc. has agricultural land, grazing land, been given at section III of EIA/EMP report. wildlife sanctuary and national Land use plan of the study area:-
park, migratory routes of fauna, AREA (in water bodies, human settlements LANDUSE % Area & other ecological features should Hectares) be indicated. Open/Wasteland 4240.83 1.71 Scrub land 5238.91 2.11 Land use plan of the mine lease Settlement 2531.02 1.02 area should be prepared to Vegetation 36.45 0.14 encompass preoperational, Water Bodies 5.5 0.22 operational and post operational River 3945.94 1.59 phases and submitted. Impact, if 93.53 any, of change of land use should Agriculture 231507.55 be given Total Area 247506.2 100%
There is no National Park, Wildlife Sanctuary, Migratory
routes of fauna and National Monument within 10km
periphery of the lease area and as per secondary data available. There is no habitation with in lease area. Following is the Land use pattern of the mine lease area at present along with the end of 5 years.
S.No. Particulars Present At the end land use of 5th year (ha.) (ha.) 1 Quarry Area 8.40 0.00
2 Infrastructure (road/ 3.40 3.40
material handing /
stockyard) 3 River bed( mined and 0.00 421.65
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. natural reclamation by rain water born sediments ) 4 Plantation area 0.00 50.00 including green belt
5 Undisturbed land 2427.20 1963.95 including restricted are along roads bridges, culverts etc 2439 2439
The vegetation in the RF / PF There is no PF and RF with in 10 Km radius of project site. 13 areas in the study area, with necessary details, Should be given. 15 Location of National parks, Following is the Land use pattern of the mine lease area Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, at present along with the end of 5 years. Wildlife corridors, Tiger/Elephant reserves (existing as well as S.No. Particulars Present At the end proposed), if any, within 10 km of land use of 5th year the mine lease should be clearly (ha.) (ha.) indicated, supported by a location 1 Quarry Area 8.40 0.00 map duly authenticated by Chief 2 Infrastructure (road/ 3.40 3.40 Wildlife Warden. Necessary material handing / clearance, as may be applicable to stockyard) such projects due to proximity of 3 River bed( mined and 0.00 421.65 the ecologically sensitive areas as natural reclamation by mentioned above, should be rain water born obtained from the State Wildlife sediments ) department/Chief Wildlife Warden 4 Plantation area 0.00 50.00 under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, including green belt 1972 and copy furnished. 5 Undisturbed land 2427.20 1963.95 including restricted are along roads bridges, culverts etc 2439 2439
Change of Land use:- The applied river bed lease area consists of Gair mumkin Luni nadi, & Mitri nadi, and their Tributaries. No forest land, grazing land & agricultural land involved. There will not be any permanent change in land use in the core zone, as mining activity involves collection of Bajri. Plantation will be done around the applied lease area.
32. Conceptual post mining land use Uniform extraction of river bed surface to ensure that there is and Reclamation and Restoration no ponding or irregular water accumulation in pits. of mined out areas (with plans and Excavation to be done within prescribed limit of 3 mts.from with adequate number of sections) river bed. Natural replenishment of river with sediments should be given in the EIA report. happens during rains. Thus reclamation and restoration activity has not been carried out.
9 Details of the land for any There will not be any O/B or waste generated during overburden dumps outside the course of Bajri mining. mine lease, such as extent of land As the mining is in luni river bed, Revenue land and no area, distance from mine lease, its habitation or agricultural lands hence no R&R plan is land use, R&R issues, if any, envisized. should be given.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 10 A Certificate from the Competent The applied lease area is part of Gair mumkin Luni nadi, & Authority in the State Forest Mitri nadi, and their Tributaries as per revenue record. No Department should be provided, forest land involved in the applied lease area. NOC is confirming the involvement of attached as Annexure:-XI forest land, if any, in the project area. In the event of any contrary claim by the Project Proponent regarding the status of forests, the site may be inspected by the State Forest Department along with the Regional Office of the Ministry to ascertain the status of forests, based on which, the Certificate in this regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such cases, it would be desirable for representative of the State Forest Department to assist the Expert Appraisal Committees. 11 Status of forestry clearance for the As the applied lease area is part of Gair Mumkin Nadi & broken up area and virgin Nallah as per revenue record. No forest land involved. NOC is forestland involved in the Project attached as Annexure XI. including deposition of net present value (NPV) and compensatory afforestation (CA) should be indicated. A copy of the forestry clearance should also be furnished. 12 Implementation status of The area is not covered under Scheduled Tribes and other recognition of forest rights under Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) the Scheduled Tribes and other Act, 2006. Hence, it is not applicable Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be indicated.
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 16
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 14 A study shall be get done to A detailed Biological study of the study area [core zone & ascertain the impact of the mining buffer zone (10 km radius of the periphery of the mine lease)] project on Wildlife of the study has been carried out by Ecology & Biodiversity Expert during area and details furnished. Impact the pre-monsoon season Dec 2013 to Feb 2014.
of the project on the wildlife in the Measures for Minimizing Impact on Flora and Fauna surrounding and any other It shall be ensured that no mining shall be carried out protected area and accordingly inside the land prohibited from miningactivities. detailed mitigative measures Green Belt shall be properly designed in consultation required, should be worked out with the forest department. Plantationshall be carried out with cost implications and as per periodical plantation programme. submitted. Fast growing native plant species, medicinal value plant species, dust tolerant and sound receptor plant species
and fruit species to enhance the food availability for
wildlife and those which would maintain the regional ecological balance, soil and hydrological conditions shall
be favoured.
Progressive afforestation will create favorable conditions
and good habitat for fauna in the area.
Measures shall be adopted to curb pollution due to air, water, land and noiseenvironment.
Creating and developing awareness for nature and
wildlife in the adjoining villages.
A detailed biological study for the 16 Details of flora and fauna of core & buffer zone are given in study area [core zone & buffer zone Chapter III. (10 km radius of the periphery of During the survey no fauna of Schedule – I has been found in
the mine lease)] shall be carried core zone as well as buffer zone.
out. Details of flora & fauna, duly
authenticated, separately for core The authenticated list of flora and fauna has been obtained from the Office of Deputy Conservator of Forests, Jodhpur and buffer zone should be Annexure XVII. furnished based on such primary
field survey, clearly indicating the
schedule of the fauna present. In
case of any scheduled-I fauna
found in the study area, the
necessary plan for their conversion
should be prepared in consultation
with State Forest and Wildlife
Deptt. and details furnished.
Necessary allocation of funds for
implementing the same should be
made as part of the project cost.
43 During studies no Schedule – I species found in the 10 km of Proper species specific radius area, if found during mining lease duration a Conservation plan for Schedule–I conservation plan will be prepared and taken care for there and II species; protection. 17 Proximity to Areas declared as There are no critically polluted areas as notified by the ‘Critically Polluted’ or the Project Central Pollution Control board are located within 10 km areas likely to come under the radius from the boundary of applied mining lease area. ‘Aravali Range’, (attracting court restrictions for mining operations), The project area does not fall in Aravali hill ranges should also be indicated and where notification 7th may 1992. Clearance certificate from the State so required, clearance Mining Department enclosed as Annexure No.XIV certifications from the prescribed Authorities, such as the SPCB or State Mining Dept. Should be secured and furnished to the effect M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 17
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. that the proposed mining activities could be considered. 18 Similarly, for coastal Projects, A The proposed river bed mining project does not fall under CRZ map duly authenticated by CRZ. one of the authorized agencies demarcating LTL. HTL, CRZ area, location of the mine lease w.r.t CRZ, coastal features such as mangroves, if any, should be furnished. (Note: The Mining Projects falling under CRZ would also need to obtain approval of the concerned Coastal Zone Management Authority). 19 R&R Plan/compensation details for The Mining lease is in Gair mumkin, Luni nadi, Mitri nadi, the Project Affected People (PAP) and their Tributaries. No R&R plan is required. should be furnished. While preparing the R&R Plan, the Mineral Sand will be transported by hired trucks. Loaded relevant State/National trucks will travel on kuccha road made for plying of trucks. Rehabilitation & Resettlement Number of such temporary road will provide access to the Policy should be kept in view. In river bed and the movement of loaded trucks.. Each village respect of SCs /STs and other has its outlet meeting the tar road on the nearby villages and weaker sections of the society in from where the mineral will be send to various destinations. the study area, a need based Similarly, mineral will be transported on the other side sample survey, family-wise, should through approach roads which finally merge with tar roads. be undertaken to assess their requirements, and action However, for transportation of loaded trucks to nearest programmes prepared and approach road, the vehicles may pass through the agriculture submitted accordingly, integrating land (if need arises), which comes under R&R issues. As a the sectoral programmes of line part of R&R plan, agreement will be made between the land departments of the State owners and project proponent will give them appropriate Government. It may be clearly compensation and maintenance. brought out whether the village The lease has been allotted only for 5 years, so that after the located in the mine lease area will completion of project or block wise activities, land will be be shifted or not. The issues handed over to the owners. relating to shifting of Village including their R&R and socio economic aspects should be discussed in the report. 20 One season (non-monsoon) primary One season data of ambient air quality (PM10, PM2.5, SO2 baseline data on ambient air and NOx), water quality, noise level, soil and flora and fauna quality (PM10, SO2 and NOx), has been collected collected during post monsoon season water quality, noise level, soil and (December, 2013 to February, 2014) and the AAQ and other flora and fauna shall be collected data are compiled in the EIA and EMP report. and the AAQ and other data so complied presented date-wise in Village Shikarpura is set 500m of the mine lease in the pre- the EIA and EMP report. Site dominant downwind direction. specific meteorological data should also be collected. The location of Site specific meteorological data is given below. the monitoring stations should be such as to represent whole of the Mon Wind Speed (kmph) Temperatur Relative study area and justified keeping in th e (oC) Humidity view the pre-dominant downwind (%) direction and location of sensitive 8:30 hrs. 17:30 hrs. receptors. There should be at least one monitoring station within 500 M Min Ma Min. Max Min. Max Min. m of the mine lease in the pre- ax. . x. . . dominant downwind direction. The 0.2 16. 0.8 9.0 88 39 mineralogical composition of PM10 Dec. 18 7 36.0 particularly for free silica should ‘13 .5
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 18
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. be given. 0.2 24. 0.2 17.0 94 22 Jan 22 1 41.0 ‘14 .2
0.3 18. 0.2 22.0 56 14 Feb 16 5 45.0 ‘14 .7
Free Silica Composition in PM10 is given below:
S.No. Location Monitoring Station Free Silica
1. AQ1 Jaliwas 2.41 2. AQ2 Sathin 2.35 3. AQ3 Bitan 2.34 4. AQ4 Runkia 2.41 5. AQ5 Chandelo 2.53 6. AQ6 Hasilpura 2.37 7. AQ7 Janandawas 2.38 8. AQ8 Khareli 2.46 9. AQ9 Dhanapa 2.43 10. AQ10 Rawar 2.48 11. AQ11 DW near Bhavi 2.39
21 Air quality modeling should be ISCST3 version: Perpetual Dispersion model, based on steady carried out for prediction of impact state Gaussian plume dispersion, was used for the prediction of the project on the air quality of of ground level concentrations. the area. It should also take in to Meteorological data generated at site during study period has account the impact of movement of been used for onsite input met data. vehicles for transportation of Transportation details: mineral. The details of the model Proposed Capacity of mine/annum - 40,00,000 TPA used and the input parameters Proposed Capacity of mine/day – 13,559 TPD used for modeling should be Transportation of Bajri from river bed face to consumers will provided. The Air quality contours be by trucks/dumpers through SH – 21, SH – 58, SH – 62, may be shown on the location map NH-112 & existing village roads. clearly indicating the location of Transportation from applied lease area will be divided into site, location of sensitive receptors, working blocks. if any, and habitation. The wind Total around 1354 trucks will be envisaged per day on the roses showing pre-dominant wind basis of 20 tonnes capacity of trucks/dumpers. direction may also be indicated on the map. 22 The water requirement for the Total water requirement is 29.0 KLD. The availability of project, its availability and source water from dug well situated nearby villages through water should be furnished. A detailed tankers. water balance should also be Water will be obtained through tanker supply from nearby provided. Fresh water requirement villages. for the project should be indicated. Certificate from village panchayat
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 19
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Purpose Requirement (KLD) Drinking 3.0 Dust Suppression 16.0 Plantation 10.0 Total 29.0
23 Necessary clearance from the Clearance is taken from panchayat. About 29 KLD water is Competent Authority for drawl of required for dust suppression, drinking and green belt requisite quantity of water for development, which will be made available from dug well the project should be provided. situated in nearby village through water tankers. 24 Description of water conservation Water conservation measures proposed to be adopted are measures proposed to be adopted as given below:- in the Project should be given. Optimum utilization avoiding unnecessary wastage of Details of rainwater harvesting water will be done. proposed in the Project, if any, Awareness programs will be taken up to educate public should be provided. for conservation of water. Mobile toilets with modular septic tank having efficient water utilization capacity (low facets water requirement for flushing) will be used. Atomized water sprinklers will be used to minimize the air borne dust emissions on haul roads. Post-monsoon and Pre-monsoon groundwater level will be monitored regularly. This is river bed mining project. So no rain water harvesting structure is proposed in the lease area. 25 Impact of the project on the water Impact on Ground Water quality, both surface and The ground water table in this region between 2.10-77.94 m groundwater should be assesses bgl (Pre-monsoon) and 0.30-70.80 m bgl (Post-monsoon) from and necessary safeguard measures, the the ground level and there will be no intersection of if any required, should be ground water table as mining activity will be restricted up to provided. 3.0m from bed level or 1.0m above the ground water table. Impact on Surface Water The Gair mumkin Luni nadi, Mitri nadi, and their Tributaries where the mining is undertaken is dry bed. The mining activity will be confined only in dryseason and in the monsoon when the river flows, there will be no mining activity. Hence, impact on surfacewater is insignificant. Mitigation Hydro-census will be carried out in the downstream wells to monitor the quality, fluctuation etc. The domestic waste water generated will be channelized to septic tank followed by soak pit.
The budget allocated for water pollution measures has been incorporated in Environmental Protection Measures in section 10.3 in EIA/EMP Report.
26 Based on actual monitored data, it River bed remains dry for most period of the year except may clearly be shown whether for few days in rainy season during which the mining working will intersect activity is stalled and it will not be disturbed as ultimate groundwater. Necessary data and working depth will be 3.0m from the surface level or 1.0 documentation in this regard may m above the ground water table. be provided. In case the case Permission from CGWA is not required as no ground working will intersect groundwater water intersect during course of Bajri. The required water table, a detailed Hydro geological will be plantation etc from local dug situated in nearby study should be undertaken and villages. report furnished. Necessary Detail of the elevation, ground water table and working permission from Central Ground level given below:- Water Authority for working below ground water and for pumping of Site elevation Block-1 - 243.84-304.8 mRL ground water should also be Block-2 - 243.84-274.32 mRL M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 20
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. obtained and copy furnished. mRL
Ultimate working 3.0 meter depth Ground water table 2.10-77.94 m bgl ( Pre-monsoon)
Ground water table 0.30-70.80 m bgl ( Post-monsoon)
27 Details of any stream, seasonal or Gair mumkin Luni nadi, Mitri nadi, and their Tributaries, otherwise, passing through the itself part of applied lease area. No proposal for modification/ lease area and modification / diversion of any stream or otherwise, because working is diversion proposed, if any, and the proposed in the blocks which remains dry except the monsonn impact of the same on the season & during the rainy season mine operation will be hydrology should be brought out. closed. Bajri will be mined out only from dry river bed. The drainage pattern of the study area is given in Chapter II, of EIA-EMP Report. There will be no impact on the hydrology of the area because working will be done up to a depth of 3 meters from the surface level. 28 Information on site elevation, working depth, groundwater table HIGHEST CONTOUR etc. should be provided both in 304 mRL AMSL and bgl. A schematic LOWEST CONTOUR diagram should also be provided 243mRL for the same. ULTIMATE DEPTH 3.0meter
WATER TABLE 65.0 mBGL (Post monsoon)
70.0 m BGL (Pre monsoon) Proposed working will not intersect Ground water table.
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 21
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 29 A time bound Progressive Lease area is dry river bed mining and confines to river bed. Greenbelt Development Plan shall Green belt will be developed as social forestry program as be prepared in a tabular form there is no scope for plantation in lease area. It is proposed to (indicating the linear and develop greenbelt as social forestry program in the approach quantitative coverage, plant villages at public places like school, PHC’s, Panchayat species and time frame) and Bhawan with due permission from Panchayat and in submitted, keeping in mind, the consultation with Forest Department. Predominance will be same will have to be executed up given to school and PHC's. front on commencement of the project. About 50 hect. Area will be planted up to 5th year and break 33 A time bound Progressive up of plantation program is below given. Greenbelt Development Plan shall be prepared in a tabular form Year Saplings to Survival Place of plantation (indicating the linear and be planted 80 % quantitative coverage, plant I 5000 4000 Along the roads, in species and time frame) and schools and public submitted, keeping in mind, the II 5000 4000 building and other same will have to be executed up III 5000 4000 social forestry front on commencement of the IV 5000 4000 programme. project. Phase wise plan of V 5000 4000 Total 25000 20000 plantation and compensatory afforestation should be charted clearly indicating the area to be covered under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given. 30 Impact on local transport There is no major impact on local transport as 1354 Truks/ infrastructure due to the project trolley per day will be required for transport of mineral from should be indicated. Projected mine. The LOS value from the proposed mine is very good increase in truck traffic as result of and fair for all villages and 112, SH-61, SH-68 & SH-21. So the project in the present road the additional load on the carrying capacity of the concern network (including those outside roads is not likely to have any Significant adverse affect. the project area) should be worked out, indicating whether it is MODIFIED TRAFFIC SCENARIO & LOS capable of handling the incremental load. Arrangement for Modified Road V C LOS improving the infrastructure, if V/C Ratio contemplated (including action to be taken by other agencies such as All villages 990 10,000 0.09 A State Government) should be All covered. 5565 15000 0.37 B Highways
From the above analysis it can be seen that the V/C ratio is likely to change to 0.09 & 0.37 with LOS being A and B which is Excellent & Very Good, as per classification. So the additional load on the carrying capacity of the concerned roads is not likely to have any adverse effect on project.
Traffic Management & Mitigation Measures includes 1. Haul roads will be sprinkled with water to keep the dust suppressed. 2. Proper route management of the traffic will be done for smooth ingress and egress of traffic. 3. Supervisors will be appointed to regulate the traffic at the project sites. 4. Speed breakers will be constructed in accident prone areas to calm the traffic and its speed. 5. Signposts will be erected at the sensitive and precarious places to caution or provide information to road users. M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 22
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
31 Details of the onsite shelter and Onsite shelter and facilities will be provided to the mine facilities to be provided to the mine workers as per Approved Mining Plan & as per Mines workers should be included in the Rules. EIA report. Following are the infrastructural facilities which will be provided to the workers: 1. Rest Shelter, drinking water facilities, washrooms separately for male & female workers, sanitary facility, first aid facilities, etc. 2. Personal protective equipment as ear muffs, gloves etc.will be provided to the workers. 34 Occupational health impact of the Safety of employee during mining operation and project should be anticipated and maintenance of transportation vehicles will be taken the proposed preventive measures care as per Mines & Minerals Development & Regulation spelt out in details. Details of pre- Act 1957 amended 2012, MMCR 1986, amended 2013. To placement medical examination avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers due to and periodical medical dust, noise sufficient measures will be provided. examination schedules should be Anticipated Proposed mitigation measures incorporated in the EMP. occupational Health and Safety Impacts Lung disease and - Dust mask will be respiratory disorder due provided to the workers. to dust exposure - Precautions will be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and dispersing in the environment.
- Air emission control system such as water sprinkling, green belt development.
- Free Silica analysis of mineral will be done.
- Budget of pollution control i.e dust suppression by water sprinkling is proposed in EMP.
Noise - Ear muff will be provided
- Good Maintenance of vehicles
Accident at site - PPEs will be provided to the workers likely hand gloves,safety shoes etc
Others - Awareness program/training program will be organized for workers for occupational safety.
- Smoking and tobacco will be banned at site.
All periodic medical examination of the mine workers will M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 23
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. be done regularly Pre-placement and medical examination will be conducted as per Rule 29(b) of The Mine Rule, 1955. Pre-placement health checkup will be made mandatory and periodic health checkup will be done. Medical records of each employee will be maintained separately and will be updated as required. Medical examination of workers including chest X-ray of employee will be taken.
35 Public health implications of the Incremental GLCs are used to identify the impact zone. Project and related activities for Impact on the health of public has been assessed in the the population in the impact zone proposed project and the remedial measures have been should be systematically evaluated proposed by the applicant. Adverse health impact can be due and the proposed remedial to air pollution, noise pollution etc. All control measures for measures should be detailed along air emissions, noise control will be taken to strictly comply with budgetary allocations. with norms. In this proposed project, impact on the health of public has been assessed and the remedial measures have been proposed by the applicant. At the primary basis provision of first aid has been adopted. Adverse health impact will be due to air pollution, noise pollution etc. All control measures for air emissions, noise control will be taken to strictly comply with norms. Periodical free health camps will be taken up in the villages. Measures: - - Trucks/dumpers will be covered by tarpaulin covers to control the air pollution. - Catalyze combustion fitted with vehicles and silencers to air pollution. - All transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC Certificates to noise pollution. - Minimum use of horns and speed limit of 5 km/hr in the village area to noise pollution. About 4.50 Lacs will be spent for free health checkups medicine facility will be provided to the public, it is included in the CSR budget. 36 Measures of socio economic No adverse impact is anticipated on any socio economic significance and influence to the environment. There is no inhabitation within the applied local community proposed to be lease area. Therefore neither villages nor any part of provided by project proponent village or any hamlet will be disturbed during the should be indicated. As far as working period. possible, quantitative dimension The villages and their inhabitants in the buffer zone will may be given with time frame for not be disturbed from their settlements due to the implementation. mining operations. The mining activity under consideration is of small nature, yet a preliminary survey is conducted to assess local need assessment; In this regard interactions were made and following measures are suggested:
The applicant will give employment priority to local people (about 193 people). Area will be developed as green belt. Educational facilities, maintenance of road, school, play grounds. Washrooms in nearby villages and free medicine facility willbe provided to the public. The total fund allotted by the applicant for CSR activities about 20 lacs.
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 24
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. S. No Activities Allocation of fund (Rs. Lakhs) Year1 Year Year Year4 Year 5 Total 2 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 Health camps for local 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 4.50 community 2 Financial assistance to 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 2.50 schools for construction and maintenance of toilets separately for males and females. 3 Self-help groups 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 3.50 (microfinance for women and farmers). 4 Grant of scholarship to 0.80 - 0.80 - 0.80 2.40 meritorious girl students belonging to Schedule caste community 5. Repair of wells, tube 0.40 - 40 - 0.30 1.10 wells and hand pumps 6. Vocational Training to 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 4.00 the workers 7. Drinking Facility to the 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 2.00 workers Total 4.50 3.30 4.50 3.30 4.1 20.0
37 Detailed environmental To mitigate the environmental impacts i.e. water sprinkling management plan to mitigate the will be adapted to control dust emissions, plantation on environmental impact which, approach road & nearby vicinity of water bank, haul roads should inte-alia include the kept levelled wide and compacted etc. safeguard measure will impacts of change of land use, loss be adopted. Detailed environmental management plan to of agricultural and grazing land, if mitigate is incorporated in report. Details are given in any, occupational health impacts Chapter IX of EIA-EMP Report. besides other impacts pacific to the Particulars Details proposed project. Air Loading Water sprinkling will be done Quality before loading by making it Managem moist. ent Transporta Water sprinkling during tion transportation over approach roads will be done for suppression of dust. Regularmaintenance of machinery will be carried out. Overloading will be prevented. Tractor trolley will be covered by tarpaulin covers.
Plantation Plantation will be carried out at the approach road, river bank and vicinity area Monitoring Periodic air quality monitoring will be done and adequate measures will be taken M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 25
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Noise Transporta 1. Source of noise will be during Managem tion operation of transportation ent vehicles, for this propermaintenance will be done at regularintervals. 2. Oiling & greasing at regular interval will be done. 3. Adequate silencers will be provided in all the diesel engines of vehicles. 4. Minimum use of horns and speed limit of 10 km/hr. in the village area. 5. Its will be ensured that all transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC Certificates. Plantation Plantation will be carried out at the approach road, river bank and vicinity area Monitoring Periodic air quality monitoring will be done and adequate measures will be taken Water Surface Waste water will not be Quality water generated during removal/ Managem quality collection of sand/Bajri. ent mgt. Ground 1. Ground water will not be water intersected during mining quality activities. manageme 2. Excavation will be carried nt out upto a maximum depth of 3 meter from the surface of Bajri deposit.
Waste 1. Waste water will not be water generated during removal/ manageme collection of sand/Bajri. nt 2. Washrooms will nbe made available near working blocks. 3. Septic tanks and soak pits will be provided for the disposal of domestic/ washrooms effluents. Solid Waste No waste is generated in the Management mining activities as the project involves collection of Bajri. River bank protection & 1. Collection will be done during management day light only. 2. No stockpiling of collected Bajri will bedone. 3. Mining will be done for 3 meter thickness at a time in the direction of river, to avoid the providing effect & maintaining the uniform surface. 4. Markers showing water level will be marked on the site.
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 26
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 38 Public hearing points raised and Public hearing has been successfully executed on dated commitment of the project 06.04.2015 at 12.00 PM, as per the guidelines given in EIA proponent on the same along with Notification 14th September’ 2006 and its subsequent time bound action plan to amendment. implement the same should be Public Hearing notice was published in two regional news provided and also incorporated in paper one in English and other in Hindi:- the final EIA/EMP report of the 1. “INDIAN EXPRESS” – 20.02.2015& project. 2. “RAJASTHAN PATRIKA” – 20.02.2015 3. Venue of Public Hearing – village- Rajeev Gandhi Seva Kendra, Village Pichiyak, Gram Panchayat Pichiyak, Panchayat Smiti Bilara , District – Jodhpur Rajasthan 4. Public Hearing Panel chaired by – Shri. M.L.Nehra , Additional District Collector, Jodhpur, Shri M.C.Sharma, Regional Officer, Rajasthan Pollution Control Board , Jodhpur, Gaj Singh Goyal, Legal Officer, Rajasthan Pollution Control Board , Jodhpur Issues raised and commitment of the Project Proponent along with time bound action plan have been given below. Minutes of Public Hearing are enclosed as Annexure –XVIII
39 Details of litigation pending There is no litigation against the applicant and the lease area against the project, if any, with in any court of law to the best of our knowledge. direction /order passed by any Court of Law against the project should be given. 40 The cost of the project (capital cost Capital cost of project – 2.5 Crores and recurring cost) as well as the Capital cost of EMP – 30 lacs+9.3 lacs recurring cost per cost towards implementation of years. EMP should clearly be spelt out. Sr. Particulars Proposed Proposed No Capital cost Rec. Cost / in lakh annum in lakh
1. Pollution 5.00 2.0 monitoring
2 Water 4.5 1.4 Sprinkling
3 Plantation 10.0 2.8 including maintenance
4 Haul road and other roads repair and 4.00 1.2 maintenance
5 Occupational Health 3.5 1.0
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 27
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 5 Miscellaneous 3.0 0.9 (fencing, water sprinkling etc.)
Total 30.0 9.3
41 Details of replenishment studies. Dandy & Boltan formula for calculation of Sediment Yield: Dandy bolton formula is often used to check whether the sedimentation yield exceeds the replenishment rate but the whole question is whether there is adequate monitoring of the river basin, the answer is no as hydrological stations are sparsely spread. The formula uses catchment area and mean annual runoff as key determinants to give a yield value. It does not differentiate in basin wide smaller streams and their characteristics. CWC distinguishes river basins as classified and non-classified, as per the latest hydrological data for unclassified River basins; there are 122 GDSW (Gauge, Discharge, Sediment & Water Quality) sites in 12 such basins, the number was 147 in 2005. This brings in context the whole issue of scientific mining, thereby indicating that the monitoring of sediment yield in rivers / streams within the river basins is essential to arrive at extraction rates and express and conduct environmental studies based on these basin wide characteristics which should become part of the ‘Terms of Reference Sediment Yield versus Drainage Area
Dandy and Bolton studied sedimentation data from about 1500 reservoirs, ponds, and sediment detention basins. In developing their formulas, they used data from about 800 of these reservoirs with drainage areas greater than or equal to 1 mi2. The smaller watersheds-those of drainage area less than 1 mi2-were excluded because of their large variability of sediments yield, reflecting the diverse effects of soils, local terrain, vegetation, land use, and agricultural practices.
For drainage areas between 1 and 30,000 mi2,Dandy and Bolton found that the annual sediment yield per unit area was inversely related to the 0.16 power of the drainage area: In which S= sediment yield in tons per square mile per year; SR = Reference sediment yield corresponding to a 1-mi2 drainage area, equal to 1645 tons per year; A = drainage area in square miles; and AR = reference drainage area (1 mi2) Annual sediment deposition at the place of mining: For Q < 2 in: S = 1280 Q 0.46 [1.43-0.26 log (A)] For Q > 2 in: S = 1965 e -0.055Q [1.43-0.26 log (A)] Here: Q (in) = Mean Annual run off = 326.8mm=12.86in A (mi2) = Catchment area= 5186 mi2 Sediment yield S= (tons/yr) S= 1965 e-0.055x12.86 [1.43 - 0.26 log (5186)] S = 187.45 M.tons/Km2/yr Thus 9,72,113.66 M. tons/year sediment will be regenerated every year in the catchment area basin of
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 28
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. jodhpur and increasing the mineable reserves. *source: - Calculation of sediment yield by the Dendy- Bolton formula The rotational mining will be adopted to facilitate the replenishment of the removing of excavated blocks during rainy season. The blocks of previous year removal of Bajri will act as depository for the post monsoon season. Replenishment of Bajri will be very much dependent on rainfall and run-off from surrounding areas. Dandy-Bolton equations have been used to calculate sedimentation yield. A comprehensive replenishment study is envisaged for few continuous years to understand the pattern and potential of sedimentation and replenishment.
The detail of replenishment study is given in section II of EIA/EMP Report 42 Details of Transportation of mined The removed/mined out material will be loaded directly into out materials as per the Indian the tractor trolley and sent to buyers. No impact on the Road Congress for both the ways environment is anticipated, as regular water sprinkling will (loaded as well as unloaded trucks) be done in area and on haul road. As per the traffic density load and its impact on conducted at Village Sindhipura, Bhawi, Rampur Bhatiya, Environment; Bilara, and SH – 21, SH – 58, SH – 61, NH-112 are capable of handling the additional traffic. Traffic analysis was carried out to understanding the carrying capacity of the roads near the project site and the connecting main roads in the area. The traffic study is summarized in below table:
MODIFIED TRAFFIC SCENARIO & LOS
Modifie Road V C d V/C LOS Ratio
All villages 990 10,000 0.09 A
All Highways 5565 15000 0.37 B
From the above analysis it can be seen that the V/C ratio is likely to change to 0.09 & 0.37 with LOS being A and B which is Excellent and Very Good, as per classification. So the additional load on the carrying capacity of the concerned roads is not likely to have any adverse effect on project. The detailed study on traffic analysis as per the Indian Road Congress for both the ways (loaded as well as unloaded trucks) load and its impact on environment was given in Section – III, of EIA / EMPReport. 44 Impact of mining on plankton; Mining will be done in the dry state of proposed blocks for removal/ collection of sand. So there will not be any impact on plankton of the river. 45 Details of mining activity to be Entire stretch of the lease area has been divided into Block 1 provided w.r.t Block Wise/ and 2 for ease operation, supervision, management and Calendar wise/ Zonal wise, as the safety. mine lease area is having a long Workings will be restricted within the lease area. The five stretch, years proposed production details have been given below. Production of sand (in Year tonnes) I 40,00,000 M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 29
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. II 40,00,000 III 40,00,000 IV 40,00,000 V 40,00,000
46 Details of Gradient of river bed to During the survey and mapping of applied lease area the be provided; gradient of the is respectively 1:124, 1:595
47 Details of excavation schedule & The total targeted production is 40, 00,000 TPA and working sequential mining plan; is proposed in 2 different blocks in the area. To achieve the production mining will be done as per the approved mining plan. Entire stretch of the lease area has been divided into Two blocks for ease of operation, supervision, management and safety. Workings will be restricted within the lease area. The five years proposed production details have been given in Chapter – II, of EIA/ EMP Report. 48 Mining Plan shall be prepared The mining plan was approved by Deptt. Of Mines & Geology carefully, dividing lease area into Rajasthan under MCDR/MCR. Copy enclosed as Annexure No manageable blocks to ensure III of EIA-EMP Report. scientific and systematic mining of The mining plan has been prepared carefully and scientific & minor minerals; and systematic mining will be adopted for resource conservation, safety of workers, minimization of degradation of surrounding environment, etc. which will overall help in sustainable development. 49 The base line data shall be The baseline data has been collected that represent the whole collected so as to represent the applied mine lease area. The baseline study is given in whole mine lease area. Chapter III, of EIA-EMP Report. The baseline data collected during the study period represents the whole area.
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M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 30
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
Environmental Impact assessment & Environmental management plan
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 31
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER - I INTRODUCTION
Mining Environment and development have become complimentary to each other. As a result of developmental activities visible ill-effects of the environmental degradation are clear and give signals of the concern. Therefore a sustainable development of the area involving extraction of mineral wealth vis-à-vis protection of environment is the ultimate solution for betterment of mankind.
1.1 PURPOSE OF REPORT The Environmental Impact Assessment has been prepared to assess the current environmental scenario of the area and then based on the activities of mining proposed, to carry out Environmental Management Plan. The plan will identify and address the impacts, where these are adverse in nature, and thereafter design mitigative measures to manage such impacts in a manner as to conserve environment and ecology of the area. The EMP has been prepared with a view to ultimately ensure that the adverse impacts are minimized if these cannot be prevented altogether.
Environmental clearance is a statutory requirement for the new and old establishment of any mining project of which EIA has to be prepared and submitted to respective agencies of State and center level in line with EIA Notification, 1994 & 2006, amendments and also the EIA Guidance Manual for Mining of Minerals (Feb, 2010) of MoEF&CC, Govt. of India.
As per new EIA Notification Dated 14thSept. 2006, Environmental Clearance is required at the time of fresh grant, renewal of mining lease& enhancement of production where in the area is 5.00 hect & above . This project fall under category “A”, project, area is above 50 hect, therefore this project requires Environment Clearance from MOEF&CC New Delhi.
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is required for obtaining Environmental clearance based on ToR as approved by the statutory authority, the ToR was presented to MoEF, New Delhi, and ToR was granted on dated 09.12.2013 (No. J-11015/320/2013-IA.II (M)). Refer Annexure No.1: Copy of Terms of Reference. 1.2. IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT AND PROJECT PROPONENT 1.2.1 Identification of Project Name of the project: River bed mining of ordinary sand (Bajri) (Applied Lease area 2439 ha.)
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 32
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
Fresh Grantand production 40, 00,000MTPA
Location of the project: At Village: Ravaniyana, Jaspali, Jaliwada Khurd, Ransi Gaon, Malkosni, Madlia, Malawas, Bala, Kalauna, Garhsuria, Khojanagar, Borunda, Jaiti Was, Lawari, Lamba, Hariada, Hariadhana, Halpur Kalan, Halpur Khurd, Pichiank, Benad, Peepad City, Jhank, Bankalia, Padasala Kalan, Beenawas, Lunngaon Kalan, Sovanian, Ria, Sambhadia, Birawas, Bilada Chak 111, Ooalavi,Nananh, Bijasani, Lunn Gaon Khurd, Ramnagar kalan, Rampuria, Rawar, Anand Nagar, Binjwadia, Banjada, Barna, Devnagar, Buchkalan, Jhurli, Jajhi Bagh Kalan, Jaswantpura, Jailwa , Jatiawas, Chodha.
1.2.2 Identification of Proponent Applicant: M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat 98, Rooprajat Township, Phase II Pal Road, Jodhpur, Rajasthan.
1.3 LEGAL FRAMEWORK RELATED TO SAND MINING
Mining Leases for the mineral Bajri are granted as provided in Rajasthan Minor Mineral Concession (Amendments) Rules, 2012 notified vide Department Notification No. F.14 (1) Mines/ Gr. II/ 2011 dated 23-05-2012 i.e. RMMCR, 1986. According to rule 7 (Amendment) “Provided that mining lease for mineral Bajri shall only be granted by way of tender or auction”. According to rule 8 & 17 (Amendment) “The mining lease for Bajri shall not be renewed”. According to rule 16 (Amendment) “The mining lease for mineral Bajri shall be granted for a period of five years only”. According to rule 18 (Amendment) “In case of mining lease for Bajri Mineral, part surrender of lease area shall not be accepted and the lessee shall not have any right to remove any stock of Bajri after the expiry of lease period or receipt of the order of determination of lease”. New clause 32 has been added under rule 18 stating that “The lessee shall abstain from mining beyond depth of three meters from the surface and below the water table of river/ nallah and shall work in such a manner that natural flow path of river/ nallah is not altered”. The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (formerly Ministry ofEnvironment & Forests), New Delhi in perpetuation of the directive of the Apex court in reference to the SLP (C) No. 729-731/2011, 21833/ 2009, 12498 – 499/ 2010, SLP (C) CC….16157/ 2011 & CC 18235/ 2011 issued guidelines on sand mining. A Civil Appeal No. (S) 9703 – 9706 of 2013 between Chief Secretary, Govt. of Rajasthan versus National Green Tribunal Bar Assn. & ORS of SLP (C) No. 34134 of 2013 {State of Rajasthan & ORS. Vs. Nature Club of No. 34811 of 2013 {Naveen Sharma Vs. State of Rajasthan & ORS.} dated 25.11.2013 “Till the end of February’ 2014, the Letter of Intent holders who have submitted their applications to the Ministry of Environment and Forests for clearances can carry mining operations in accordance with the Notification dated 21st June’ 2012 of the Mines (Act 2) Department, Government of Rajasthan issued under rule 65A of the Rajasthan Mines and Mineral Concession Rules’ 1986”.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Based on above order, Govt. of Rajasthan allowed sand mining permission the proposed leases up to 28th February’ 2014, which was further extended till 31st March 2014. On 27th March 2014, Hon’ble Supreme Court of India has further extended this duration till further order, which is awaited.
1.4 BRIEF PROJECT DESCRIPTION The Letter of Intent was issued by The Director, Mines & Geology Department, Rajasthan, Letter no.P8 (2) Mining/ Group 2/2013 Jaipur, Dated 05.03.2013, with conditions imposed as per Rajasthan Mineral Concession Rules 1986. Refer Annexure No. 2: Copy of Letter of Intent.
The Letter of Intent was The Director, Mines & Geology Department, Rajasthan, validity period of lease is five years.
The plan showing applied mining lease area comprising 2439 Ha, with composite G.T. sheets nos.45 F/11and 45 F/12, duly authenticated by Deptt. Of Survey of India. The mining plan was approved by Deptt. Of Mines & Geology Rajasthan under MCDR/MCR. Refer Annexure No. 3: Copy of Approval Letter of Mining Plan.
1.5 LEASE STATUS River Bed Mining Area of M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat is situated at village mentioned above, Tehsil: Bilara, District: Jodhpur, Rajasthanover an area of 2439 ha. Refer Annexure No. 4: Copy of List of villages and Khasra numbers. TABLE 1.1: PROJECT DETAIL S.No Particulars Details 1 Locations Near Village Ravaniyana, Jaspali, Jaliwada Khurd, Ransi Gaon, Malkosni, Madlia, Malawas, Bala, Kalauna, Garhsuria, Khojanagar, Borunda, Jaiti Was, Lawari, Lamba, Hariada, Hariadhana, Halpur Kalan, Halpur Khurd, Pichiank, Benad, Peepad City, Jhank, Bankalia, Padasala Kalan, Beenawas, Lunngaon Kalan, Sovanian, Ria, 2 Sambhadia, Birawas, Bilada Chak 111, Ooalavi, Nananh, Bijasani, Lunn Gaon Khurd, Ramnagar kalan, Rampuria, Rawar, Anand Nagar, Binjwadia, Banjada, Barna, Devnagar, Buchkalan, Jhurli, Jajhi Bagh Kalan, Jaswantpura, Jailwa , Jatiawas, Chodha. 3 Tehsil Bilara 4 District Jodhpur 5 State Rajasthan 6 Latitude & Longitude
Block No. Latitude Longitude Block-1 West End 26016’56” N 73022’08” E East End 26030’58” N 73044’27” E
Block-2 West End 26009’24” N 73025’08” E East End 26017’58” N 73050’57” E
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 34
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Elevation mean Block-1 - 243.84-304.8 mRL 9 river level Block-2 - 243.84-274.32 mRL Nearest National NH-112, SH-58, SH -21, SH - 62 10 Highway Nearest Railway At bilara approx. 3.5 km (aerial distance) in SE direction from station & Airport Block 2 11 Jodhpur Airport approx.75 km (aerial distance) in SW direction from Bilara Block I tail end Archeological Place No Archeological place in the study area. 12
National Park , Wild Not present in 10 km radius of project site. Life Sanctuary, Wild Life Corridors, Biosphere Reserves, 13 Migratory routes for Birds, Reserved/Protected Forest
Nearest major city Bilara, approx. 3.5 km (aerial distance) in SE direction 14 and Town Nearest Water Appled lease area itself part of water body. 15 bodies
As per New EIA Notification 14th Sept. 2006, Ambendments, Environmental Clearance is required for the proposed project. The proposed production of Bajri is 40, 00,000 MTPA and mining method will besemi-mechanizedopencast.
1.6 LOCATION AND COMMUNICATION 1.6.1 Location The proposed project is River Bed mining of ordinary sand (Bajri) in Luni and Mitri RiverIt is proposed to produce 40, 00,000 MTPA of Sand from the applied area. Applied Lease area is situated in Tehsil: Bilara, District: Jodhpur, Rajasthan. 1.6.2 Communication Road link Mineral Boulder, gravel & sand will be transported by hired trucks. Loaded trucks will travel on Kuccha road made for plying of trucks. No. of such temporary road will provide access to the river bed and the movement of loaded trucks. As the lease area stretches in a length of around 48.8 km block 1 and 51.2 km of Block -2, working will be carried out in 2 blocks. Each block has its outlet meeting the tar road on the nearby villages and from where the mineral is sent to various destinations. Similarly, mineral will be transported on the other side through approach roads which finally merge with tar roads for final destinations.
Rail link At bilara approx. 3.5 km (aerial distance) in SE direction from Block 2 Air link Jodhpur Airport approx.75 km (aerial distance) in SW direction from Bilara Block I tail end.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 1.6.3 Basic Amenities Power No electric power supply is available at mine site, while electricityis available in the study area. Amenities The nearest police station is at Bilara. Police station, court, mine office, drinking, Telephone and other facilities available at Bilara in the study area.
1.7 OBJECTIVESOF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The main objectives of this EMP are listed below: To establish the present environmental scenario. To anticipate the impacts of proposed future mining operations on the environment. To prepare a detailed action plan for implementation of mitigative measures. To suggest preventive and mitigative measures to minimize adverse impact andto maximize beneficial impacts. To prepare a compensatory afforestation scheme. To suggest a monitoring programmed to evaluate the effectiveness of mitigative measures. To suggest the formation of a core group responsible for implementation of environmental control and protective measures and monitoring of such implementation. To suggest a feedback mechanism enabling to make mid - course corrections. To prepare a capital cost estimate and annual recurring cost for Environmental Management Plan.
1.8 METHODOLOGY FOR EIA M/s. Udaipur Min–Tech Pvt. Ltd. was assigned the job of conduction of EIA report of the proposed river bed mining project Tehsil: Bilara, District: Jodhpur, Rajasthan of M/s Himmat Singh Sekhawat. The study was conducted within10 Km radius from the proposed mine as center. The base line data collection involves the data’s of air quality, water status, land use, socio-economic structure of the study area, existing flora, fauna, prevailing noise levels, along with the physiographical status and meteorological conditions of the area. The current report is based on the mining technique, air emissions, waste water generation and discharge, and solid waste management. Effective plans to mitigate the adverse impacts and suggestive pollution control measures along with environmental management plan have been summarized.
1.9 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The terms of reference on the basis of which the EIA has been prepared are given below: 1.9.1 Data generation
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 36
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. The data has been generated by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd, and M/s Noida Testing Laboratories (NABL Accredited Lab) in accordance with the requirement of statutory agencies. The monitoring and testing has been done as per the guidelines of MoEF&CC and the IS standards. Monitoring has been conducted for the following parameters:
TABLE 1.2: DATA GENERATION Total No. of S. No Description No.of locations samples AIR Ambient air monitoring (24 hourly samples), 1.0 11 264 twice a week for 3 months for one
season.Parameters:PM10,SO2, NOx,
Meteorological parameters will be measured at hourly duration simultaneously at one air monitoring station for 3 months Parameters: 1.1 a. Wind speed, direction 1 90 days b. Relative humidity c. Temperature d. Cloudiness e. Rainfall WATER Water/effluents sample to be collected from each of the various locations (ground water) in core and buffer zone (10 km radius). 9 Ground water 9 Ground water 2.0 Parameters: Water/effluents: tested for physical and chemical parameters as well as according to applicable standards. 3.0 SOIL 9 9 NOISE 4.0 Hourly readings taken for 24 hours 9 9 sets (Leq)
1.9.2 Data Collection The EIA study is being done for the Mine Lease (core zone) and area within 10 km radius (buffer zone), both of which comprise the ‘study area. The following data, through field survey and other sources, has been collected by Udaipur
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 37
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd, for preparing the EIA/EMP for the proposed mining area with related facilities. i Details of wild fauna and flora within a distance of 10 km from the project site and information about forests, if any. ii. Eco-sensitive places, sanctuaries, biosphere reserves within 10 km radius. iii. Major industries within 10 km radius. iv. Religious places / historical monuments and tourist places within 10km radius. v. Land use pattern within core zone and buffer zone (10 km radius around the core zone) based on census and satellite image and cropping pattern. vi. Demography and Socio-economic based on last available Census data for entire study area. vii. Relevant meteorological data, for previous decades from Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) viii. Study of present environmental protection and mitigation measures innearby operating similar projects, if any. ix. Geo-hydrological aspects based on available data from various secondary sources. x. Identification of water bodies, hills, roads etc. within 10 km radius.
1.9.3 Preparation of EMP The EMP will include the following details: a. Study of the reports like Geological report, FR or mining plan made available by the client. b. Present Environmental Setting The base line data generated and collected as per para 1.8.1 and 1.8.2 will be used to establish the present environment scenario. c. Identification, prediction and evaluation of Anticipated Environmental Impact due to the proposed Mine and related facilities. The environmental impacts would be anticipated in core and buffer zone on: - Topography and drainage - Climate - Water quality(Surface/Ground) - Hydro-geological Regime - Air quality - Noise Levels - Flora and Fauna - Traffic density - Land-Use - Socio-Economic Conditions - Habitat - Health, culture, human environment including public health, occupational health and safety - Sensitive Places/Historical Monuments. The impacts would be anticipated based on experience of similar projects. d. Proposed Environmental Safeguards and Monitoring Mechanism. Relevant guidelines as per Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification issued in
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 38
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. January 1994 and subsequently on 14th September 2006 under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 will be kept in mind while spelling out mitigation measures. The following aspects would be covered i. Reclamation of areas disturbed during mining but not required for any activity after exhaustion of reserves. ii. Measures to control the surface and ground water pollution due to various effluents to be discharged, if any. iii. Measures to control air pollution due to proposed activities/operation. iv. Green belt development plan and reclamation plan of mine. v. Measures to contain noise pollution & mitigate adverse impact on workers and habitat in core and buffer zone. vi. Pronounce the improvement in socio-economic conditions & benefits the people will get on implementation of the project. vii. Measures to control health hazard of workers and surrounding population. viii. Total and specific cost of control measures. ix. Environmental monitoring, implementation organization and feedback mechanism to effect mid-course corrections. x. Identification of flora species which can be planted in and around the project.
1.10 TERMS OF REFERENCE The term of reference have been issued by Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) of MoEFandCC, New Delhivide letter no. (No. J-11015/320/2013-IA.II (M))dated 09.12.2013andare enclosed. ======*******======
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
CHAPTER – II PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE NATURE OF THE PROJECT: Mining of Ordinary Sand (Bajri) is proposed in the river bed &applied lease area is 2439 ha. Mining will be carried out by opencast semi-mechanized method. Proposed production is 40, 00,000 MTPA of Sand.
2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY AND OR REGION: The basic objective of the project is to effective utilization of Mineral in the country and /or region. With the development and industrialization has enhanced the demand of building material in last 10-15 years. Mainly in infrastructure projects like highways, buildings, township etc., which has raised the demand of Sand beside of the mineral. Sand mining not only provides the building material but also employment, economic growth of the state that will ultimately enhance the socio-economic status of the people of the region / area. The production of minerals will benefit to the State in the form of Royalty. Apart from this, the project will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities from the nearby villages. Also, the mine management will conduct medical camps at regular interval in the nearby villages and will help in providing infrastructure like school furniture, water tankers, etc.
2.3 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT TABLE 2.1: LOCATION OF THE PROJECT Particulars Details Name of Project River Bed Mining Project of Ordinary sand (Bajri). Name of River Gair mumkin Luni nadi, Mitri nadi, and their Tributaries Ravaniyana, Jaspali, Jaliwada Khurd, Ransi Gaon, Malkosni, Madlia, Malawas, Bala, Kalauna, Garhsuria, Khojanagar, Borunda, Jaiti Was, Lawari, Lamba, Hariada, Hariadhana, Halpur Kalan, Halpur Khurd, Pichiank, Benad, Peepad City, Jhank, Bankalia, Padasala Kalan, Beenawas, Near Village Lunngaon Kalan, Sovanian, Ria, Sambhadia, Birawas, Bilada Chak 111, Ooalavi,Nananh, Bijasani, Lunn Gaon Khurd, Ramnagar kalan, Rampuria, Rawar, Anand Nagar, Binjwadia, Banjada, Barna, Devnagar, Buchkalan, Jhurli, Jajhi Bagh Kalan, Jaswantpura, Jailwa , Jatiawas, Chodha.
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 40
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
Block No. Latitude Longitude Block-1 West End 26016’56” N 73022’08” E East End 26030’58” N 73044’27” E Block-2 West End 26009’24” N 73025’08” E Latitude & East End 26017’58” N 73050’57” E
Longitude
2.4 DEMANDS-SUPPLY GAP: There is large demand of sand for construction activities in the region. Demand of the sand is fulfilled by these project end users in the open market.The entire Sand produced will be used in the construction of roads, building and other infrastructures.
2.5 GENERALGEOLOGY& LOCAL GEOLOGY Regional Geology The geological configuration of Jodhpur district is quite interesting and is represented by rocks ranging from pre-Cambrian to Recent in age. The litho units comprise assemblage of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic units. These are classified into Delhi Super group, Marwar Super group and Lathi, Kapurdi, Badhaura formations etc. The main rock types found are sandstone, limestone, granite, rhyolite, schist, phyllite and slate. The general stratigraphic succession of the rocks found in the district as established by GSI, is given below:
Pleistocene to Boulder spread Aeolian Sand and sand dunes Recent Sumer Gypsite Cainozoic Formation Scattered pebbles of granite, Pleistocene Marl formation rhyolite, quartzite etc. Ferruginous sand stone,, calcareous Paleocene concentrations Sandstone, grit conglomerate Mesozoic Jurassic Lathi/ Mayeker Sandstone, grit conglomerate formation Upper Permian Badhura Sandstone , clay, shale Paleozoic Permo- Formation Boulder & fragments of carboniferous Bap boulder Bed granite,rhyolite,quartzite etc. Nagaur Group Red sand stone with green clay,
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Upper Marwar Bilara Group evaporate sequence. Proterozoic Supergroup Jodhpur Group Limestone & Dolomite Brick red siltstone, shale, sandstone Sandstone with minor shale, chert, dolomite Middle a) Rhyolite, tuff, ashbed,ballst Proterozoic Malani b) Granite c) Dolerite ballast Lower Delhi Super Erinpura Group Granite & Gneiss Middle group Punagarh Group Phyllite, slate, sand stone, Proterozoic quartzite,schist
Local Geology:- The Sand exposed in the River bed of Luni, Mitri and their tributaries and surrounding areas is the product of the deposition of the sediments brought and deposited in the flood plains of these Rivers. These sediments are of recent geological formation. The litho-units exposed within the river and surrounding areas have formed as water borne sediments brought by flood water during rainy season every year and deposited in riverbed. The areas were surveyed geologically. A surface geological plan and sections are prepared; the general ground level of the proposed area is slopping from East to West. As the proposed area is spread over a large tract of the area. For the sake of convenience it is divided in to Two blocks which is further divided into sub blocks. Block – 1 Mitri River Starting from Khoaspura in the extreme NE(Ground Level 302 MRL) to Binawas in the extreme west end of the block(ground level at Binawas (225 mRL). This Block lies between N00 to N25500 & E800 to 3800 . This Block is further divided into sub blocks. Sub Block-1 Covering river track from Khospura to up to railway line near Pipar. The ground level varies from 302 m RL to 250 mRl. This tract is about 29.25 km long.
Sub Block-2 covering area of river bed of Mitri river between Pipar to Binawas. Ground level varies from 250 mRL near railway track to about 225 mRL at Binawas river bed
BLOCK – 2 Luni River Starting From Bhikhrali in the NE to Hungaon Kalan in the SW. The general Slope of the river Luni is from NE to SW. This block is about 45 Km long tract which is further divided into sub blocks namely 3 & 4. Sub Block – 3 covering the area between west of the salwan khurd to Bilara Railway track to upto Hungaaon Kalan. The ground level varies from 257 mRL to 238 mRL.
Sub Block – 4 River tract between Salwan Khurd to Bilara Railway track to Bhikharli. The general ground level varies from 310 mRL to 288 mRL. M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 42
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
The different sedimentary formations noticed in the river bed are of recent origin.There is no clear demarcation between the litho units. They have been deposit in a mixed form. The Litho- units exposed around the riverbed have formed by weathering of rocks and then deposition on the flood plains of the rivers originated from the Aravalli Hills. These have been washed by rainwater during rainy season and deposited in river bed.
2.6 MINABLE AREA AND RESERVE: Since the Bajri is available in whole sanctioned area, the complete area is mineralized zone. Following points should be kept in mind while calculating the reserve. The reserves are calculated on the basis of established width, thickness and strike length/influence of the mineralized formation in the area where good deposit of bajri are available such area in put under proved category. About 421.65 hectares area is put under proved category up to 3.0m. In rest of the area of about 1912.35 hectares, reserves up to 1.5m depth wise are considered as probable and next 1.5m are considered as possible reserves. About 105 hectares area comprising meandering ,already exploited area restricted area and river bank area is not considered for reserves calculations The bulk density of Sand is considered 1.61 The reserves of Sand are calculated by volumetric method and are summarized here below: - The reserves will be= (Area X Depth X Bulk density) = Reserves in MT Bulk density: 1.61 Category (As per Reserve of Sand in MT Recoverable reserve UNFC Guidelines) @90%
Proved-111 203.34 183.00 Probable-222 463.04 416.73 Possible-333 463.04 416.74 Total 1129.42 1016.47 TARGETED PRODUCTION 40,00,000 MT/year
2.7 METHOD OF MINING River bed mining is for extracting sand from riverbed of Luni & Metri River. As per RMMCR Rules 2012 (Ambended upto 2012-2013), extraction is limited to 3.0 m depth only from the surface area. The collective stretch of the lease area for river has been sub-divided in to 2 blocks for ease of operation, supervision, management and safety. Dry river bed miningwill be carried out as per the approved production schedule. Light weight excavators will be deployed for extraction in 3.0 m layer only forming one bench. This is as per the digging depth of the equipment. Mineral will be loaded in trucks/tippers (20-25 tonne). The mining machinery, equipment and transportation vehicles will be on hire/rental basis. Every block
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 43
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. will be considered as a unit and will be provided with all facilities like rest shelter, first aid facilities, drinking water arrangement. In the river bed bench will advance parallel to the banks of the river. Height of Bench will be 3.0 m in two sub benches of 1.5m each. Width of the bench will be more than the height of the bench. Formation of benches in this manner will result an overall safe slope of 300 or less in the ultimate pit position. Mine working will be restricted within the lease area. However, movement of trucks after mineral loading will not have slope more than 1 in 20. However mineral loading will be towards both sides through approach roads connecting to metaled link road either to NH-112, SH-58, SH -21 and SH -61 for destination.
2.7.1 DETAIL SPECIFICATIONS OF MINING MACHINERY Removal of mineral will be done by light weight excavators, apart from this 3 water takers will be required for supply of water, list of machinery as below. LIST OF MACHINERY SI.NO Machinery Capacity Remark 1 Excavators 0.9 to 1.2 meter cube On hire 2 Tippers/ Trucks 10-20 tons 3 Water tanker 4000 liters
2.8 REPLENISHMENTIN MINING AREA Basin Description Luni is the only river basin of any significance in Western Rajasthan, which form the bulk of arid zone. Luni originates from western slopes of the Aravalli ranges at an elevation of 772 m above m.s.l. near Ajmer flowing in South West direction and traversing a course of 511 km in Rajasthan, it finally flow into the Rann of Kachchh. Most of its tributaries drain the steep north west of Aravalli hills and join it on left side. Its total catchment area falls in Rajasthan. Luni basin is situated in between 240 11’ to 260 43’ North latitude and 700 37’ to 740 39’ East longitude approximately. The peculiarity of this river is that it tends to increase its width rather than deepening the bed because the banks are of soils, which are easily erodible whereas beds are of sand. The floods develop and disappear so rapidly that they have no time to scour the bed. The Aravalli ranges from its East boundary whereas main course of river in Barmer district itself forms North boundary and mostly Banas and initial reach of Chambal River form its Southern boundary. Description of river system Luni receive the main tributaries on its left bank except one i.e. Jojari (Mithri) on the right bank. Luni receives ten tributaries namely Lilari, Guhiya, Bandi (Hemawas), Sukri (Hemawas), Sukri, Mithri, Jawai, Khari Bani Sukri Bandi and Sugi. Hence the drainage on the left bank of Luni is, therefore, more extensive than on right bank. The Luni drains an area of 32879 sq.km. In Rajasthan state only. The catchment area of the basin upto Chittalwana is 32661sq.km. The remaining catchment area of the Luni basin below Chittalwana and upto Rann
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 44
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. of Kachchh is only 218 sq.km. Which is delta where the water spreads out and does not contribute any runoff. The total available runoff from entire Luni basin is 788 Mcum, out of which Guhiya, Jojari(Mithri), Bandi(Hemawas) and Jawai tributaries contribute runoff of 116 Mcum, 64 Mcum, 64 Mucm, 120 Mcum and 125 Mcum respectively. The catchment area, length and elevation of source of important tributaries are shown below.
S.No Name of river Bank Elevation of Length Catchment Source above (km) area (sq.km) m.s.l. (m)
1 Luni Main 737 511 32879
2 Jojari (mithri) Right 312 83 1060
3 Guhiya & Sukri Left 237 125 4126 (Hemavas)
4 Lolari Left 731 60 1611
5 Bandi(Hemavas) Left 935 135 3016
6 Sukri Left 955 140 3280
7 Mithri Left 459 71 2637
8 Jawai Left 1099 145 2701
9 Khari Bandi Left 701 84 2671
10 Sukri Bandi Left 588 85 1161
11 Sugi Left 688 80 1370
Source: india-wris.nrsc.gov.in (Water resource information system) Replenishment Study of the area: A. Dendy-Bolton formula for calculation of Sediment Yeild Dandy Bolton formula is often used to check whether the sedimentation yield exceeds the replenishment rate but the whole question is whether there is adequate monitoring of the river basin, the answer is no as hydrological stations are sparsely spread. The formula uses catchment area and mean annual runoff as key determinants to give a yield value. It does not differentiate in basin wide smaller streams and their characteristics. CWC M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 45
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. distinguishes river basins as classified and nonclassified, as per the latest hydrological data for unclassified River basins; there are 122 GDSW (Gauge, Discharge, Sediment & Water Quality) sites in 12 such basins, the number was 147 in 2005. This brings in context the whole issue of scientific mining, thereby indicating that the monitoring of sediment yield in rivers / streams within the river basins is essential to arrive at extraction rates and express and conduct environmental studies based on these basin wide characteristics which should become part of the‘Terms of Reference’. B. Sediment Yield versus Drainage Area Dandy and Bolton studied sedimentation data from about 1500 reservoirs, ponds, and sediment detention basins. In developing their formulas, theyused data from about 800 of these reservoirs with drainage areas greaterthan or equal to 1 mi2. The smaller watersheds-those of drainage arealess than 1 mi2-were excluded because of their large variability ofsediments yield, reflecting the diverse effects of soils, local terrain,vegetation, land use, and agricultural practices.For drainage areas between 1 and 30,000 mi2, Dandy and Bolton foundthat the annual sediment yield per unit area was inversely related to the0.16 power of the drainage area: In which S= sediment yield in tons persquare mile per year; SR = Reference sediment yield corresponding to a 1-mi2 drainage area, equal to 1645 tons per year; A = drainage area insquare miles; and AR = reference drainage area (1 mi2) C. Annual sediment deposition at the place of mining: Bilara mining site comprises of 2 blocks of total production of 40, 00,000 MTPA. Drainage basin area of river Gair mumkin Luni nadi, & Mitri nadi, and their Tributaries at jodhpur of 5186 Suqare kilo meter and average annual rainfall of area 326.8 mm is consider for sediment calculation. This is accomplished by taking the converted dimensionless ratio flow-duration curve and multiplying increments/duration of time in days by the sediment yield associated with that flow. The computations for total annual suspended and bed load sediment yield are given below: With the above inputs, the calculation of the sediment yield by Dandy and Bolton formal is as below. This is accomplished by taking the converted dimensionless ratio flow-duration curve and multiplying increments/duration of time in days by the sediment yield associated with that flow. The computations for total annual suspended and bed load sediment yield are given below: Sediment yield: Formula For Q < 2 in: S = 1280 Q 0.46 [1.43-0.26 log (A)] For Q > 2 in: S = 1965 e -0.055Q [1.43-0.26 log (A)] Here: Q (in) = Mean Annual run off = 326.8mm=12.86in A (mi2) = Catchment area= 5186 mi2 Sediment yield S= (tons/yr) S= 1965 e-0.055x12.86 [1.43 - 0.26 log (5186)] S = 187.45 M.tons/Km2/yr Thus 9, 72,113.66 M. tons/year sediment will be regenerated every year in the catchment area basin of jodhpur and increasing the mineable reserves.
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 46
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. *source: - Calculation of sediment yield by the Dendy-Bolton formula Dandy and Bolton formal also says that actual sediments yield from individual drainage basins may vary 10 fold or even 100 fold from computed yields. Since itinerary of river Yamuna indicates that its basin comprises of sediment rocks with good average rainfall and drainage density therefore there are fair chances of yield of sediments to be 50 fold of computed results hence actual sediment yield will be 9,72,113.66 M.tons/year X 50 fold= 4,86,05,683 MTPA Significant feature of Mining The removal of sand shall be done opencast semi-mechanizedmethod The working period for removal of sand will be restricted to 295 days and during rainy season no mining shall be undertaken. The mining operations in the applied lease area would be confined to day light hours, from 9 A.M. to 5 P. M. Thus virtually each block would be rested for replenishment for two consecutive monsoons. The Bajri will be loaded into trucks by excavator and transported to directly sell.
2.9EMPLOYMENT GENERATION: The manpower requirement for the proposed project is given below along with the breakup. S. No. Category Numbers 1 Mining engineer 1 2 Mining foreman 10 3 JCB/Dumper driver 150 4 labor 20 5 Clerical and other staff 5 6 Security guard and water man 5 7 Environmenta Assistant 2 Total 193
2.10 WASTE GENERATION There is no top soil, overburden or waste to be encountered in the area.Waste disposal is not required and not proposed.
2.11 TRANSPORTATION The removed sand will be loaded in tractor trolleysby excavatorand will directly be sold to the buyers. About 13559 metric tons of Bajri would be required to be moved daily.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
2.12 ANTICIPATED LIFE OF MINE There is no specific life of the applied mine area as the area under reference is open and barren river bed of the river and whatever quality of Bajri minerals are extracted during one year; more than the extracted quantity will be replenished every year during monsoon.
2.13 THE QUANTUM OF DEVELOPMENT AND TONNAGE OF PRODUCTION: There is no development required in the section under removal of Bajri. This could be a levelling operation of the floor of river to a length of about 30-40 m for positioning of vehicle at the loading point. Mining Process: Lease hasbeen allotted for a period of 5 years and it is proposed to work the mine simultaneously so that there is no pressure of mining in one particular area, year wise proposed production details is as follows.
FIVE YEARS PROPOSED PRODUCTION DETAILS IN MT
River sand Mineral (in Sr. No. Year Mineral Rejects tonnes)
1. First Year 40,00,000 Nil 2. Second Year 40,00,000 Nil 3. Third Year 40,00,000 Nil 4. Fourth Year 40,00,000 Nil 5. Fifth Year 40,00,000 Nil
2.14 USE OF MINERAL Bajri is mainly consumed by infrastructure & housing industries and development. Bajri is used for mainly for construction work with cement of lime mortar.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. The specifications of average grade of Bajri is that it should be gravel free and of desired porosity. It should be siliceous in nature.
2.15UTILITIES A. Power Supply: The electric power supply is not available atriver site, while in the nearby area (huts, villages) electricity is available. During the removal of sand, no power supply will be required.
B. Water: Water requirement for domestic/drinking purpose is fulfilled through the nearby villages from hired tankers. The total water requirementfor the project is estimated 29 KLD. Water for mining operation (dust suppression) and for domestic & drinking purpose will be supplied with the help dug well situated in the nearby village and water tankers.
TABLE 2.2: PEAK WATER REQUIREMENT Purpose Requirement (KLD) Drinking 3 Dust Suppression 16 Plantation 10 Total 29
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
FIGURE 2.2: WATER BALANCE DIAGRAM
TOTAL WATER REQUIREMENT 29.0 KLD
Dug well/ River water
Dust supper. Sanitation & Plantation 16.0 KLD Drinking 3 KLD 10 KLD
0.5 m3 / day
Septic tank- Soak Pit No outflow No out flow
C. Man Power Total manpower required for the project is approx.193 persons.
2.16 PROPOSED SITE FACILITIES i) Office : The applicant will establish site office cum store at different working site along the applied lease area. ii) First Aid Box : Although the river bed mining project does not involve any major risks but a first aidbox with proper facilities will be maintained as per Mines Act and Mine Rules at the mine site office. iii). Wash Room: Wash room will be provided separately for male & femaleworkers. ======******======
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. CHAPTER – III DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 GENERAL 3.1.1 Study area Exploitation of mineral resources from the land through mining causes environmental and ecological instability, severe land degradation besidesbiological physical and socio-economic imbalance. The impact of the mining activities can be quantified throughEnvironmental Impact Assessment Studies within the impact zone. The findings of EIA studies help in preparation of the environmental management plan for mitigating the adverse impacts.
For the purpose of studying the baseline status of the environment, core zone and buffer zone are considered for Impact Assessment. The core area for the purpose comprisesapplied mining lease area of 2439 Hect. The buffer zone comprises a 10 km from around the core area.
This section contains a description of the existing baseline environmental status of the Gair mumkin Luni nadi, Mitri nadi and their Tributaries the data collected has been used to define the environmental scenario of the area, against which the potential impacts of the project has been assessed.
3.1.2 Sources of Environmental Data The baseline information on micro-meteorology, ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality and floristic descriptions are largely drawn from the data generated by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd, M/s Noida Testing Laboratories (NABL Accredited Lab). Long term meteorological data recorded at the nearest IMD station, Bilara Tehsil, district Jodhpur, Rajasthan was collected. Apart from these, secondary data have been collected from Census Handbook, Revenue Records, Statistical Department, Soil Survey and Land use Organization, District Industries Centre, Forest Department, Central Ground Water Authority, etc. The generation of primary data as well as
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 52
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. collection of secondary data and information from the site and surroundings
st th was carried out duringpre-monsoon season i.e. 1 Dec 2013 to 28 Feb 2014. 3.1.3 Aspect Studied As per the gazette notification dated 14th September 2006 and guidelines of CPCB, the study area was demarked. The study was conducted within a radius of 10 km from mine as center. The study period defined is Dec 2013 to Feb 2014.
The discipline covered by the baseline data collection programme includes the following:- Topography, Physiography, Atmospheric condition, Air, Noise, Soil & Water environment, Biological environment, Land use, cropping pattern & Socioeconomic aspects.
3.1.4 Presentation Each of the aspects listed above considered ahead in a sequential manner. Data Collected during the baseline study period are given ahead and provides a sound knowledge of the existing environment.
3.2 STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE The study area includes the villages of Bilara Tehsil within 10 Kms. radius from the mine as center. TABLE 3.1: STUDY AREA AT A GLANCE S. No. Particulars Details 1.0 General Particulars 1.1 Latitude and Longitude Block No. Latitude Longitude
Block-1 West End 26016’56” N 73022’08” E East End 26030’58” N 73044’27” E Block-2 West End 26009’24” N 73025’08” E
East End 26017’58” N 73050’57” E
1.2 Populations 1.3 Tehsil Bilara 1.4 District H.Q. Jodhpur
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 2.0 Demography 2.1 Total Population 369580 Male 188998 Female 180582 2.2 Literates 61.5% 2.3 No. of Household 70451 2.4 Schedule Caste 80296 2.5 Schedule Tribe 3781 3.0 Land Use Pattern Ha. 3.1 Open/Wasteland 4240.83 3.2 Scrub land 5238.91 3.3 Settlement 2531.02 3.4 Vegetation 36.45 3.5 Water Bodies 5.5 3.6 River 3945.94 3.9 Agriculture 231507.55 4.0 Total Area 247506.2 4.1 Climatology (Dec., 13 to Feb., 14) 4.2 Mean monthly maximum temp. 45°C °C 4.3 Mean monthly minimum temp. 9°C °C 4.4 Relative humidity % 4.5 Total Rainfall in mm. 326.8mm
3.3 PHYSIOGRAPHY, TOPOGRAPHY & DRAINAGE 3.3.1 Physiography Jodhpur district forms part of Desert in this arid region, there aresand dunes, alluvial areas dotted with few hillocks and hill chains scattered in the area. In the eastern part of the district, the area between Bilara and Jodhpur is covered by alluvium deposited due to fluvial action of Luni river system. The eastern part of the district exhibits gentle undulating topography interrupted by small ridges of hard rocks. The general elevation of plains varies from 300 m amsl in
M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 54
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. north to 150 m amsl in south. Regional slope is from north-east towards south- west direction. Orientation of alluvial plain area follows the Luni River and its tributaries. Sand dunes occupy a major part of the district north of Vindhyan escarpment in northern and northwestern part of the district. The sand dunes are transverse and longitudinal types formed due to aeolian action and overlie the denuded consolidated formations. Ridges and hillocks are common features in Bilara and Osian tehsils. A chain of escarpments and ridges composed of comparatively resistive rocks like granite, rhyolite and Jodhpur sandstone are found extending from Shergarh in the west to Bilara in the east. The alluvial and sand filled valleys are separated by the ridges whose crest elevation ranges from 325 to 460 m amsl. In the northern part of the district, highest peak of the hill is 284 m amsl. Presence of boulder beds exhibit striking plain topography around Bap and similarly the lowlying out-crops of limestone, shale and sandstone layers are also observed in northern part of the district near Phalodi. 3.3.2 Topography The topography of the applied area is mainly flat. The highest elevation of applied lease area near Mitri River is 304.8 mRL and lower elevation point is 243.84 mRL. Same as in Luni River the highest elevation point is 274.32mRL and lower elevation point is 243.84 mRL. The drainage of this area in general flowing from NE towards SW. Refer Figure 3.1: Topography Map of the Study Area.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
FIGURE 3.1: TOPOGRAPHY MAP OF THE STUDY AREA
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
3.3.3 Drainage: Jodhpur district falls in the Luni & Barmer Basins. Major River of the district is Luni, which flows in ENE to WSW direction. It enters in Jodhpur district near village Jhak in Bilara tehsil and leaves the district near village Dhundhara. Total length of the Luni River is 125 km in Jodhpur district. Channel pattern of Luni is dendritic to sub-parallel. However in major part of the district, the drainage is essentially ephemeral and internal. Important tributaries to the Luni River are Mithri and Bandi. Other streams in the district are Jojri, Golasmi, Guniamata and Bastua, which are all ephemeral. Refer Figure 3.2: Drainage Pattern of the Study Area. (Source: District Groundwater Brochure CGWB).
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
FIGURE 3.2: DRAINAGE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
3.4 CLIMATIC CONDITION The district experiences arid to semi-arid type of climate. Mean annual rainfall (1971-2005) of the district is 326.8 mm whereas normal rainfall (1901- 1970) is lower than average rainfall and placed at 296.1 mm. The rainy days are limited to maximum 15 in a year. Almost 80% of the total annual rainfall is received during the southwest monsoon, which enters the district in the first week of July and withdraws in the mid of September. Probability of annual rainfall exceeding 650 mm is only 10%. However, there is 90% probability that the annual rainfall will be more than 190 mm. The probability of occurrence of mean annual rainfall is 45%. Drought analysis based on agriculture criteria indicates that the district is prone to mild and normal type of droughts. Occurrence of severe and very severe type of drought is very rare. As the district lies in the desert area, extreme of heat in summer and cold in winter is the characteristic of the desert. Jodhpur is no exception. Both day and night temperatures increase gradually and reach their maximum values in May and June respectively. The temperature varies from 49 degree in summer to 1 degree in winter. Atmosphere is generally dry except during the monsoon period. The humidity is highest in August with mean daily relative humidity is 81%. The annual maximum potential evapotranspiration in the district is quite high and it is highest (264.7 mm) in the month of May and lowest (76.5 mm) in the month of December. (Source: District Groundwater Brochure CGWB).
3.5 REPLENISHMENT OF THE AREA The rotational mining shall be adopted to facilitate the replenishment of the excavated part of river during rainy season. Thus the mineable area has been divided in 2 parts i.e. Block 1 & Block 2. The mining of these 2 part is suggested on rotation basis in such a way that working site of previous year mining will act as depository for the monsoon season.
3.6HUMAN SETTLEMENT There is no human settlement within the appliedlease area. Total 70451 household within the study areawith population of 369580.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
3.7 HYDROLOGICAL ASPECTS Delhi Super Group: Rocks comprising of schists, phyllites, slates and quartzites form aquifer in isolated patches in small area in south-eastern part of the district. These patches occur within the granitic terrain. These generally form poor aquifer. Ground water occurs under unconfined condition in weathered mantle and fractured zone. Yield of existing open wells generally varies from 30 to 90 m3 /day and discharge of bore wells is also very poor below 160lpm. Granites and Rhyolites: Granites and rhyolites although cover a vast area in southern part of the district, but are indeed poor aquifers. Ground water occurs under unconfined conditions in secondary spaces in weathered and fractured zones. The fractures tend to die out with depth. Yield of open wells in these formations varies from 10 to 50 m3/day. Yield of wells tapping good weathered zone in granites is up to 80 m3/day. Dug-cum bore wells and bore wells in favourable selective locations can yield up to 120 m3/day. Jodhpur and Nagaur Sandstone: Jodhpur and Nagaur sandstones are forming aquifer over a large area in central and northern parts of the district. These cover maximum area among all aquifers. These are generally hard and compact layered rocks with intermittent shale and clay layers but softer and friable sandstone layers and patches do occur in these formations making it a good yielding aquifer tapped by open wells and bore wells. Sandstone is fine to medium grained, sometimes coarse to gritty and friable. In such formations, the friable and soft nature often leads to formation of small cavities in saturated zones. This makes it a very good aquifer forming chief source of ground water in the area. A large number of light to medium duty bore wells have been constructed in such areas for irrigation and water supply purposes. In the central part of the district, ground water in this formation is generally free from salinity problem. Ground water in sandstone occurs under unconfined to semi-confined conditions. Open wells tapping sandstone generally yield low to moderate quantity of water with yield varying from 30 to 180 m3/day. Bore wells tapping saturated zones down to depth of 200 m yield 7 to 55 m3/hr water with 5m to 8m draw down. Bilara limestone: Bilara limestone is the most potential aquifer in the district. The limestone exposures are found between Khawaspura & Bilara in eastern M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 60
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. part of the district and between Phalodi & Chadi in northern part. Siliceous and cherty limestone and dolomites with association of shale beds is quite common. In Borunda - Bilara area, limestone is mostly dolomitic, grey to dark at places, inter bedded with thin cherty layers. In Chadi - Phalodi area, limestone are predominantly cherty or siliceous. Further north-west of Phalodi, limestone is with thick cover of shale. In Borunda - Ransigaon - Bilara area, limestone shows steep dips and pitching folds. These beds are highly crumpled and show development of caverns formed due to solution activities. In Phalodi - Chadi area, limestone are not so much disturbed having low angle of dip towards north and show development of caverns to lesser extent. Thickness of limestone varies from a few meters to more than 100 m. The yield of wells in both the areas varies largely because of considerable variation in limestone characters. In Phalodi area, yield of wells generally lies between 10 & 40 m3/hr for 2 to 9 m draw down. In Borunda - Bilara area, discharge of the wells varies from 12 to 272 m3/hr with a draw down in range of 3 to 16 m. Bap boulder bed: Bap boulder bed occurs in narrow stretch in northern part of the district having NE-SW extension. It consists of ill-sorted boulders, pebbles, cobbles embedded in silty matrix. Ground water occurs under unconfined condition. Wells in this formation yield meager quantity of water, which is saline. Paleocene and associated formation: Semi-consolidated formations comprising of soft, friable sandstone, grit conglomerates ranging from Permian to Paleocene age form aquifer in extreme north- western part of the district. There is association of varying amount of shales and clays with the above sediments, which causes great variation in the yield of the wells. Among semi- consolidated formations, Lathi sandstone does not form prominent aquifer in the district. Yield of wells varies largely but generally lies in range of 15 to 60 m3/hr. There is also quality zonation due to intermittent shale/clay layers. Unconsolidated sediments: The unconsolidated Quaternary sediments comprising of alluvium, valley fill and aeolian sands form important aquifers in some parts of the district mainly in Shergarh, Luni and Bilara blocks. In major part of the area, these sediments occur as thin blanket over the older sediments but in certain area the thickness up to 70 m and as such form aquifers. In a narrow strip extending east-west ward between Shergarh- M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 61
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Balesar- Agolai-Doli- Jodhpur, alluvium forms aquifer. Thickness of alluvium varies from 47 to 69 m in this area. Yield of open wells varies from 20 to 100 m3/day in alluvium. Yield of exploratory tube wells constructed in alluvium ranges from 22 to 55 m3/hr. In Shergarh and Balesar, yield of tube wells tapping valley fills varies from 20 to 36 m3/hr. Thickness of alluvium in southern part of the district along the course of Luni river and its tributaries is comparatively less and water is generally brackish. Depth to Water Level Depth to water level (2006) in the district, monitored on 74 stations, ranges from 2.10 to 77.94 meters below ground level (mbgl) and 0.30 to 70.88 m during pre monsoon and post monsoon, 2006, respectively. During pre monsoon, shallow (2.10 to 34.54 m) water level exists in Balesar, Bap, Bilara, Luni and Shergarh blocks. In Bhopalgarh, Mandore, Osian, and Phalodi blocks water level is from 3.78 to 77.94 m.During post monsoon, shallow (0.30 to 37.60 m) water level exists in Balesar, Bap, Bilara and Luni blocks. In the Bhopalgarh, Mandore, Osian, Phalodi and Shergarh blocks water level is from 3.48 to 70.88 m.Seasonal fluctuation of pre & post monsoon, 2006 indicates rise in all the blocks except Bhopalgarh and Bilara due to widespread and good rainfall. Rise in water level more than 10 m was observed in Mandore and Phalodi blocks. (Source: District Groundwater Brochure CGWB). 3.8 ATMOSPHERIC CONDITION Atmospheric conditions include meteorological condition and ambient air quality of the study area. Meteorological conditions with respect to wind velocity and direction in the study area was determined by IMD station Jodhpur. The required data for interpretation the ambient air quality of the study area was generated by establishing a monitoring network. Regular field observations as per the norms of MoEFandCC and CPCB were taken from the established monitoring stations. 3.9 METEOROLOGY Introduction Meteorological factors such as wind speed; direction variation in temperature, humidity etc. play a direct role in dispersion of pollutants atmospheric pressure, rainfall and cloud cover also govern this activity. Other factors such as terrain and local topography also take part in atmospheric dispersion.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Meteorology plays a vital role in affecting the dispersion of pollutants. Since meteorological factors show wide fluctuations with time, meaningful interpretation can be drawn only from long term reliable data. Such source of data is the Indian meteorological Department (IMD), which maintains a network of meteorological stations at several important locations. The nearest IMD stations Jodhpur,Meteorological information available for this station is temperature, humidity, rainfall, wind speed and wind direction. The data recorded at Jodhpur IMD station for the period Dec, 2013 to Feb, 2014 are summarized in below table. Meteorological Data from IMD Station The data have been collectedfrom Jodhpur IMD station for the study period Dec, 2013 to Feb, 2014, which are summarized in the below table. TABLE 3.2: MEAN TEMPERATURE& RELATIVE HUMIDITY Relative Humidity Temperature (°C) Wind Speed (km/hr.) (%) Month 8.30 HRS 17.30 HRS Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Dec, 13 29.7 5.2 78 32 6 02 6 03 Jan, 14 28.3 4.2 75 30 8 04 11 02 Feb, 14 31.4 6.2 62 35 9 02 11 03
Site Specific Meteorological Data The data recorded at site of the study period Dec, 2013 to Feb, 2014 are temperature and relative humidity, which are summarized in the below table. TABLE 3.3: MEAN TEMPERATURE& RELATIVE HUMIDITY
Month Wind Speed (kmph) Temperature (oC) Relative Humidity (%) 8:30 hrs. 17:30 hrs.
Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min. Max. Min.
Dec.13 0.2 16.7 0.8 9.0 88 39 18.5 36.0 Jan.14 0.2 24.1 0.2 17.0 94 22 22.2 41.0
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Feb.14 0.3 18.5 0.2 22.0 56 14 16.7 45.0
Wind Rose Wind speed of a site plays a vital role in predicting the extent of air pollution. It gives a clear view about the extent to which air pollutants are carried before they touch the ground. Wind rose is diagrammatic representation of wind speed in a specified direction with its arms representing sixteen directions; each arm gives a clear frequency distribution of wind speed.
Wind roses are generated with the site meteorological information’s initially collected. These raw data are processed with certain interpolation and stability classes and joint frequency function are developed to eventually reach to the development of wind roses. Refer Figure 3.3: Wind Rose Diagram
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
FIGURE 3.3: WIND ROSE DIAGRAM
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3.10 AMBIENT AIR ENVIRONMENT To establish the ambient air quality the studies were carried out during winter season of the Month Dec, 2013 to Feb, 2014.
3.10.1 Ambient Air Sampling Ambient air quality sampling was carried out with the help of Respirable particulate matter Sampler “ Respirable Dust Sampler” (RDS). The data generated by M/s Noida Testing Laboratories for ambient air quality status within 10 km. radius of the mine has been compiled along with micrometeorological conditions for particulars season.
3.10.2. Location of Ambient Air Sampling Stations 11sampling stations were established around the core zone within 10 km radius to study the present air quality. The locations are given in below table and the area marked in Figure.
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TABLE 3.4: LOCATION OF AMBIENT AIR MONITORING STATIONS
S.No. Location Station name
1. AQ1 Jaliwas
2. AQ2 Sathin
3. AQ3 Bitan
4. AQ4 Runkia
5. AQ5 Chandelo
6. AQ6 Hasilpura 7. AQ7 Janandawas 8. AQ8 Khareli
9. AQ9 Dhanapa
10. AQ10 Rawar 11. AQ11 DW near Bhavi
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. FIGURE 3.4: TION IN THE STUDY AREA
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. 3.10.3. Sampling Schedule Eight/Twenty four hourly samples were collected from station round the clock, twice a week for continuous three month(Dec, 2013toFeb, 2014). 3.10.4. Air quality parameter The following parameters were analyzed for each sample.
- Particulate Matter(PM10)
- Sulphur dioxide(SO2)
- Oxides of nitrogen (Nox) The sampling and testing of ambient air quality parameters were carried out as per relevant parts of IS 5182. The brief details of testing procedure adopted are given inbelow table. TABLE 3.5: PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING VARIOUS AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS Parameters Testing Procedure Gravimetric method using Respirable particulate
PM10 matter Sampler “ Respirable Dust Sampler” (RDS) IS:5182(Part IV)1973 Absorption in dil. NaOH and then estimated calorimetrically with sulphanilamide and N(I- NOx Nepthyle) Ethylene diamine Dihydrochloride and Hydrogen Peroxide(IS:5182 1975, Part VI) Absorption in Sodium Tetra Chloro- Mercurate followed
SO2 by Colorimetric estimation using P-Rosaniline hydrochloride and Formaldehyde(IS:5182 Part II. 1969)
The detailed results of ambient air quality are given in table below table.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. TABLE 3.6: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY
NAAQS*
Parameters Ind. & Res. , Rural A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 use Minimum 42.1 41.2 40.7 42.1 41.8 60 Maximum 45.8 46.4 45.9 45.2 46.5 (PM2.5) 98% tile 45.66 46.4 45.65 45.2 46.40 Minimum 67.4 68.7 67.9 67.3 70.3 100 Maximum 75.2 76.7 77.6 75.5 77.2 (PM10) 98% tile 75.15 76.28 76.05 75.10 77.01 Minimum 7.4 7.5 7.4 7.6 9.1 80 Maximum 10.7 10.5 10.4 10.5 11.4 (SO2) 98% tile 10.6 10.45 10.35 10.5 11.4 Minimum 16.5 18.6 16.1 16.8 18.7 80 Maximum 22 22.4 21.6 21.6 22.5 (NO2) 98% tile 21.90 22.35 21.46 21.50 22.5
NAAQS*
Parameters Ind. & Res. , Rural A10 A6 A7 A8 A9 A11 use 42.6 42.5 42.1 41.3 42.4 Minimum 42.1 60 Maximum 46.7 47.8 45.7 46 45.7 45.8 (PM2.5) 98% tile 46.51 47.11 45.60 45.77 45.5 45.61 Minimum 70.3 70.5 67.6 67.1 67.1 67.4 100 Maximum 76.8 76.5 75.3 76 75.5 76 (PM10) 98% tile 76.57 76.40 75.3 75.58 75.31 75.95 Minimum 9.8 9.5 7.6 7.1 7.3 7.6 80 Maximum 12.3 11.8 10.5 10.7 10.3 10.5 (SO2) 98% tile 11.9 11.7 10.5 10.36 10.3 10.5 Minimum 19.6 19.4 16.3 16.4 16.9 16.7 80
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Maximum 23.6 22.3 28.6 21.9 21.6 21.9 (NO2) 98% tile 23.37 22.11 25.51 21.76 21.5 21.85
Note: The 98th percentile is calculated statistically only to compare with NAAQ standards of short terms values.
TABLE: RESULTS FREE SILICA IN PM10
Free Silica in Locati S.No. Station name PM on 10 (Average) 1. AQ1 Jaliwas 2.41 2. AQ2 Sathin 2.35 3. AQ3 Bitan 2.34 4 AQ4 Runkia 2.41 5 AQ5 Chandelo 2.53 6 AQ6 Hasilpura 2.37 7 AQ7 Janandawas 2.38 8 AQ8 Khareli 2.46 9 AQ9 Dhanapa 2.43 10 AQ10 Rawar 2.48 11 AQ11 DW near Bhavi 2.39
Baseline Scenario
As observed in air monitoring results the level of SO2& NO2 at all locations are and rural areas has never surpassed at any station. The maximum & minimum
concentrations of SO2 were found to be 12.3 g/m3 & 7.4 g/m3 much below
from the prescribe limit NAAQ levels. As far as the gaseous pollutants SO2 and
NO2 are concerned, the prescribed CPCB limit of 80 g/m3 for residential
respectively. The maximum & minimum concentrations of NO2 were found to be 25.51.g/m3&16.1 g/m3 respectively
The maximum &minimum concentrations of PM10 for all the 11 AAQM stations were found to be 77.6 g/m3 and 67.1 g/m3 respectively which are very much below to the prescribe limit.
3.11 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Mining and allied activities are usually noise-prone activities. Excessive noise levels may cause adverse effects on human being and its associated environment including domestic animals, wild life, natural ecosystem and structure. The noise problem is said to exist when the sound level in the air causes interference in human activities such as disturbance in sleep, work and speech communication leading to annoyance. Perception of noise by individuals varies depending on number of factors such as natural sensitivity / hearing ability, level of exposure, time of the day, socio-cultural activities etc. at the time of exposure to sound. The impact of noise at community level can have different effects varying from aesthetic impairment such as annoyance, frequent hypertension to as high as loss of hearing. The health impact of noise on individual depends on several factors, viz. physical dose (intensity of sound pressure level and duration of exposure), frequency spectrum, intermittency etc. as well as human factors like sex, age, health condition, occupational exposure etc. The background noise levels within the mine and around it were recorded using sound meter to establish the existing scenario.
3.11.1 Monitoring Methodology of Noise Level Noise standards have been designated for different types of land use, i.e. residential, commercial, industrial and silence zones, as per ‘The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by the Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi on February 14, 2000’. Different standards have been stipulated during day time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (10 pm to 6 am). The noise analysis within the study area was recorded using 4-20, sound level meter. The analysis reveals that the noise’s well within the permissible range. The noise rating method as Leq i.e. equivalent sound pressure level has been adopted for the measurement of noise level in various selected sampling locations of this region. It is the energy means of the noise level over a specified period and is expressed in terms of decibels. Methodology for monitoring of noise levels is given in below table.
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. TABLE 3.7: LOCATION OF NOISE MONITORING STATIONS
NOISE LEVEL Leq. dB (A)
Sampling Coordinates of Aerial distance. & Station Day Time Night Time Location Sampling locations direction (6:00 a.m. to (10:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m.) 6:00 a.m.) N 260 20.41.75’ 0.7 Kms in N1 Jaliwas 52.50 35.17 E 730 26.17.99’ North Direction N 260 27.17.73’ 4.5 Kms in N2 Sathin 50.33 36.10 E 730 34.19.70’ North Diection 9.3 Kms in N 260 30.7.47’ N3 Bitan South East 51.57 37.64 E 730 50.17.37’ Direction N 260 20.2.90’ 9.8 Kms in N4 Runkia 53.17 38.59 E 730 38.17.96’ South Direction 4.1 Kms in N 260 14.57.00’ N5 Chandelao South West 52.87 39.74 E 730 23.54.79’ Direction N 260 08.3.95’ 4.2 Kms in N6 Hasilpura 53.51 35.27 E 730 32.52.26’ South Direction N 260 10.30.53’ 9.0 Kms in N7 Jandanwas 52.91 36.87 E 730 48.26.51’ South Direction 8.3 Kms in N 260 21.06.27’ N8 Kharuli North East 53.61 39.49 E 730 53.56.34’ Direction 5.4 Kms in N 260 34.0.37’ N9 Dhanapa North East 51.54 38.18 E 730 44.42.57’ Direction
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3.11.2 Noise Level Results The noise monitoring within the study area was recorded using sound level meter. Noise readings were taken at 11different locations in the study area.
TABLE 3.8: NOISE LEVEL WITHIN THE STUDY AREA
Station Sampling Location NOISE LEVEL Leq. dB (A) Day Time Night Time (6:00 a.m. to 10:00 (10:00 p.m. to p.m.) 6:00 a.m.)
NQ1 Jaliwas 52.50 35.17
NQ2 Sathin 50.33 36.10
NQ3 Bitan 51.57 37.64
NQ4 Runkia 53.17 38.59
NQ5 Chandelao 52.87 39.74
NQ6 Hasilpura 53.51 35.27
NQ7 Jandanwas 52.91 36.87
NQ8 Kharuli 53.61 39.49
NQ9 Dhanapa 51.54 38.18
Baseline Scenario Ambient noise levels were measured at 8 locations around the proposed project site. A noise level varies from 50.33 to 53.61 Leq dB during day time and during night time noise level ranges from 35.17 to 39.74 Leq. Thus noise levels at all locations were observed to be within the prescribed limits.
From the above study and discussions it can be concluded that noise levels in the study area are well within the prescribed limits as prescribed by the CPCB and State Pollution Control Board.
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TABLE 3.9: CPCB NOISE STANDERD
Leq in dB (A) Category of Zones Day Night Industrial 75 70
Commercial 65 55
Residential 55 45
Silence Zone 50 40 a. Day time is from 6.00 Am to 10.00PM. b. Night time is reckoned between 10.00 PM to 6.00AM c. Silence zone is defined as an area up to 100m around premises of hospitals, educational institution and courts. Use of vehicle horn, loudspeaker and bursting of crackers is banned in these zones. Note: Mixed categories of areas be declared as one of the four above mentioned categories by the competent Authority and the corresponding standards shall apply.
3.12SOIL ENVIRONMENT Soil is defined as a thin layer of earth's crust which serves as a natural medium for the growth of plants. It is the unconsolidated mineral matter that has been subjected to and influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as, parent material, climate organism and physiochemical action of wind, water and sum light an acting over a long period of time. Soil differs from the parent materials in the morphological, physical, chemical and biological properties. Also soils differ among themselves in some or all the properties depending on the differences in the gothic and environmental factors. The soil samples were analyzed for physical and chemical characteristics.
3.12.1 Methodology for Soil Monitoring Soil samples from depth (0-15 cm) were collected from these villages area for estimation of the physicochemical characteristics of soil. Air-dried and Sieved samples have been used for determination of physical properties of soil. Standard methods were followed for the analysis of soil samples.
3.12.2 Soil Sampling Location
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Soil survey was carried out by Environmental Expert Team, while conducting the studies for preparing the report for the main plant of the applicant, by drawing samples from various locations in post-monsoon seasons Dec 2013-Feb 2014 and analyses the same for physical and chemical parameters. TABLE 3.10: SOIL SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA
Aerial distance in km. & direction Station Sampling Location Coordinates from Mine Site
N 260 20.41.75’ S1 Jaliwas 0.7 Kms in North Direction E 730 26.17.99’ N 260 27.17.73’ S2 Sathin 4.5 Kms in North Diection E 730 34.19.70’ N 260 30.7.47’ 9.3 Kms in South East S3 Bitan E 730 50.17.37’ Direction N 260 20.2.90’ S4 Runkia 9.8 Kms in South Direction E 730 38.17.96’ N 260 14.57.00’ 4.1 Kms in South West S5 Chandelao E 730 23.54.79’ Direction N 260 08.3.95’ S6 Hasilpura 4.2 Kms in South Direction E 730 32.52.26’ N 260 10.30.53’ S7 Jandanwas 9.0 Kms in South Direction E 730 48.26.51’ N 260 21.06.27’ 8.3 Kms in North East S8 Kharuli E 730 53.56.34’ Direction
N 260 34.0.37’ 5.4 Kms in North East S9 Dhanapa E 730 44.42.57’ Direction
Refer Figure 3.8: Soil Sampling Location in the Study Area
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3.12.3 Soil Analysis Results Soil analysis was carried out and the results following below table. TABLE 3.11: SOIL ANALYSIS RESULTS
S.No Parameters Unit Locations S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9
1 pH(1:5 8.54 suspension) 7.81 7.91 8.30 7.54 7.88 8.95 8.21 7.84
2 Electrical µS/cm 427 Conductivity 250 314 420 264 326 398 430 326 (1:5suspensio n.) 3 Calcium (as mg/kg 1824.56 1282.29 961 1561.23 1198.02 954 1496.01 1882 1362.20 Ca) 4 Magnesium(as mg/kg 511.32 121.80 219.3 632 118.77 212.6 691 414 267.91 Mg) 5 Sodium (as mg/kg 11.54 27.0 183.0 27.96 26.05 179.0 22.02 10.79 9.09 Na) 6 Potassium(as mg/kg 102.35 K) 24.0 86.0 76.90 22.01 84.0 74.68 91.95 164.33
7 Water holding % by 17.7 32.50 28.60 29.15 30.44 27.24 31.34 18.6 18.30 Capacity mass 8 Porosity % by 24.1 28.10 22.0 24.0 25.18 21.0 25.01 24.6 18.32 mass 9 Sand % by 82.4 69.23 83.72 82.86 66.61 83.94 87.77 85.0 93.3 mass 10 Clay % by 0.77 8.84 5.71 0.72 8.57 6.65 0.80 1.20 3.37
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mass 11 Silt % by 16.4 mass 30.0 7.44 11.43 28.14 7.17 12.25 14.2 3.33
12 Cation Meq/100 7.20 Exchange gm 3.56 4.36 5.86 4.12 4.49 6.31 6.32 5.06 Capacity 13 Sodium - 4.89 Absorption 1.68 2.13 2.56 0.99 2.34 3.06 4.21 3.86 Ratio 14 Nitrogen % by 0.051 0.048 0.056 0.061 0.066 0.057 0.058 0.058 0.051 mass 15 Phosphorus(P2 mg/kg 8.34 8.90 10.62 9.86 9.45 10.29 10.24 9.36 11.68 O5) 16 Zinc (Zn) mg/kg 4.67 3.68 4.62 5.03 4.31 4.76 4.57 5.12 4.36 17 Bulk Density gm /cc 1.5362 1.388 1.51 1.60 2.124 1.48 2.10 1.4694 1.474 18 Organic % by 0.46 0.36 0.48 0.64 0.29 0.45 0.54 0.51 0.41 Matter mass
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Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Results of Analysis of the Soil
Soil is the media for supplying the nutrients for plant growth. Nutrients are available to plants at certain pH and pH of soils can reflect by addition of pollutants in it either by air, or by water or by solid waste or by all of these. In order to establish the baseline status of soil characteristics, soil samples were collected at 9 sampling locations. The analysis results show that soil is basic in nature as pH value ranges from 7.54 to 8.95, with organic matter 0.29 % to 0.64%. The concentration of Nitrogen, Phosphorus & Potassium has been found to be in good amount in the soil samples. Soil texture is loamy.
3.13 WATER ENVIRONMENT In order to conduct EIA Studies, baseline data pertaining to water environment of the existing project was carried out evaluating the basin characteristics, drainage pattern, and hydrology.
3.13.1 Ground Water Quality Assessment The sources of potable water are the hand pumps, tub-wells & dug well in the area. Samples were collected from the available water resources around the applied mine lease area. The samples were collected & tested from different sites.
The quality of ground water was studied by collecting water samples from representative open dug wells, tube wells & hand pumps. The details of water quality sites are given in below table. The samples were collected during winter season (Dec., 2013 to Feb. 2014).
The ground water table in this region between 0.30-70.80m bgl (Post monsoon) and 2.10-77.94 m bgl (Pre-monsoon) from the the ground level.
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FIGURE 3.10: SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF SITE ELEVATION, WORKING DEPTH & GROUND WATER
HIGHEST CONTOUR 302 mRL LOWEST CONTOUR 229 mRL
ULTIMATE DEPTH 3.0meter
WATER TABLE 65.0 m BGL (Post monsoon) 70.0 m BGL (Pre monsoon) Proposed working will not intersect Ground water table.
3.13.2 Ground Water Monitoring Methodology To evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of the water resources existing in the study area, water samples from ground water sources were collected during the pre-monsoon season and characterized for physico- chemical parameters. Water samples from 11 ground water source were characterized. There samples were analyzed for various parameters and compared with standards IS: 10500. The locations of water sampling stations have been shown in below table.
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TABLE 3.12: GROUND & SURFACE WATER SAMPLING LOCATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA
Aerial distance in km. & Station Sampling Location Coordinates direction from Mine Site N 260 12’59.118” 0.10 Kms in North West GW1 Pichiyak E 730 40’6.457” Direction N 260 16’15.731” 4.7 Kms in North GW2 Beeravas E 730 40’46.577” Direction N 260 17’2.237” 7.7 Kms in North GW3 Tilwasni E 730 37’32.617” Direction N 260 23’36.240” 0.26 Kms in South GW4 Nadan E 730 34’16.560” Direction N 260 24’32.220” 1.0 Kms in North GW5 Jaliwara Kalan E 730 34’14.133” Direction N 260 20’40.252” 8.2 Kms in North East GW6 Ransiaaon E 730 44’6.99” Direction N 260 17’53.132” 7.1 Km in North East GW7 Banjra E 730 42’0.324” Direction N 260 22’58.754” 0.92 Kms in South GW8 Pipar City E 730 32’33.595” Direction N 260 23’18.928” 0.8 Kms in South GW9 Chirdhani E 730 34’18.014” Direction
.
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13.4 Analysis Report of Water Quality The quality of ground water was studied by collecting 11 water samples from representative hand pump. The physico-chemical characteristics of ground water samples presented in below table.
TABLE 3.13: ANALYSIS RESULTS OF GROUND WATER
G G GW GW GW G GW GW Location W W GW9 Limits of IS:10500 -2012 1 2 3 W6 7 8 4 5 Parametrs Permissible limit in Desirabl the Absence of e limit Alternate Source (Max.) (Max.) Total Coliform Abse Absen Abse Abse Abse Abse Abse Abse Absent - 10.00 (MPN/100 nt t nt nt nt nt nt nt ml) E. Coli Abse Absen Abse Abse Abse Abse Abse Abse (CFU/100ml Absent Absent Absent nt t nt nt nt nt nt nt ) Colour <1. <1. <1. <1. <1. <1. <1. <1.0 <1.0 5 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Odour Agr Ag Ag Ag Agr Agr Agr Agr eea ree ree ree eea Agree Agreeab eea eea eea Agreeable ble abl abl abl ble able le ble ble ble e e e Taste Agr Ag Ag Ag Agr Agr Agr Agr eea ree ree ree eea Agree Agreeab eea eea eea - ble abl abl abl ble able le ble ble ble e e e Turbidity <1. <1. <1. <1. <1. <1. <1. <1.0 <1.0 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 pH value 7.4 7.98 7.8 7.2 8.2 8.16 7.3 7.54 8.21 6.5-8.5 - 9 6 3 4 2 Total 628 124 752 Dissolve .0 4 14 12 13 105 716 1684 500 2000 Solid( 95 80 84 0.0 TDS) Aluminum BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.03 0.2 (asAl) L L L L L L L L Anionic BD BD surface L L BD BD BD BD BD BD Detergent BDL 0.5 No Relaxation L L L L L L s(as MBAS) Barium BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.2 1.0 (as Ba) L L L L L L L L Boron (as 0.1 0.15 <0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.23 0.19 0.7 No Relaxation M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 82
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. B) 4 8 0 20 0.14 Calcium 32. 94.6 16 17 164 187. 65.8 75.3 125.0 (as Ca) 06 5.5 0.2 .21 30 0 0.5 1.0 5 2 1 1 Anionic BD BD BD BD surface L L L L BD BD BD BD Detergent BDL 75 200 L L L L s(as MBAS) Chloramin BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD L L BDL 4.0 No Relaxation es (as Cl2) L L L L L L Chloride 264. 156. 172. 412.5 252. 165. 325 298 204 56 87 250 1000 (as Cl) 32 7 20 24 .49 .54 .80 Copper as <0. <0.0 <0.0 <0. <0. <0. <0.0 <0. <0.05 0.05 1.5 Cu (mg/l) 05 5 5 05 05 05 5 05 Fluoride 1.66 1.35 1.1 1.6 1.6 2.18 1.3 2.57 2.31 1.0 1.5 (as F) 0 5 5 1 Free BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Residual L L L L L L BDL 0.2 1.0 L L Chlorine Iron (as 0.15 0.25 0.20 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.18 0.1 0.387 0.3 No Relaxation Fe) 4 2 4 70 9 Magnesiu 28.3 17.6 83.6 78. 104 85. 34.6 32. 57.0 30 100 m (as Mg) 0 9 4 90 .30 40 8 76 Manganes BD BDL BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.1 0.3 e (as Mn) L L L L L L L Nitrate 17.5 23.5 30.2 24. 25. 33. 31.2 20. 39.95 45 No Relaxation (as NO3) 6 0 0 50 62 40 5 78 Selenium <0. <0.0 <0.0 <0. <0. <0. <0.0 <0. <0.01 0.01 No Relaxation (as Se) 01 1 1 01 01 01 1 01 Silver (as BD BDL BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.1 No Relaxation Ag) L L L L L L L Sulphate 165. 112. 156. 175 227 165 346. 118 186.0 200 400 (as SO4) 9 0 84 .87 .60 .60 0 .5 Sulphide( BD BDL BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.05 No Relaxation as H2S) L L L L L L L Alkalinity 265. 436. 470. 530 544 510 488. 454. 587.36 ( 30 0 60 .0 .60 .2 0 26 200 600 asCaCO3) Total 252. 418. 520. 588 640 492 520. 472. 614.98 Hardness 40 0 80 .0 .00 .3 0 98 200 600 (as
CaCO3) Zinc (as 0.40 0.61 0.90 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.65 1.76 1.870 5.0 15 Zn) 9 0 5 Cadmium BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.003 No Relaxation (asCd) L L L L L L L L Cyanide BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.05 No Relaxation (as CN) L L L L L L L L Lead ( as BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.01 No Relaxation Pb) L L L L L L L L Mercury BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.001 No Relaxation M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 83
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. (as Hg) L L L L L L L L Nickel (as BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.02 No Relaxation Ni) L L L L L L L L Arsenic BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BDL 0.01 0.05 (as As) L L L L L L L L Total BD BD BD BD BD BD BD BD Chromium L L BDL 0.05 No Relaxation L L L L L L (as Cr)
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Observation of Ground Water: Analysis results of ground water reveal the following;
pH varies from to 7.23 to 8.24
Total Hardness varies from 252 to 1610 mg/l
Total Dissolved Solids varies from 716 to 4752 mg/l
In all the location water quality is good & all parameters very much below in the permissible limit of IS:10500:2012. The TDS level (4752 mg/l) ground water sample of village Tilwasni is much above the permissible limit.
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3.14 TRAFFIC STUDY Traffic density Traffic density measurements were performed at different locations at Village Sindhipura, Bhawi, Rampur Bhatiya, Bilara and SH – 21, SH – 58,SH – 68, SH – 61, NH-112 Locations of these stations are marked on the map. The monitoring was performed in Dec-2013 - Feb. 2014. Traffic analysis is carried out by understanding the existing carrying capacity of the roads near to the project site and the connecting main roads in the area. Then depending on the capacity of the mine, the number of trucks that will be added to the present scenario will be compared to the carrying capacity. Traffic density measurement were made continuously for 24 hours by visual observation and counting of vehicles under three categories, viz., heavy motor vehicles, light motor vehicles and two/three wheelers. As traffic densities on the roads are high, two skilled persons were deployed simultaneously at each station during each shift- one person on each of the two directions for counting the traffic. At the end of each hour, fresh counting and recording was undertaken. Total numbers of vehicles per hour under the three categories were determined. The results of measurements are given in the summery in below table.
TABLE 3.14 : EXISTING TRAFFIC SCENARIO & LOS
Existing Road V C LOS V/C Ratio Near Village 250 10,000 0.025 A Sindhipura SH-21 1391 15,000 0.09 A
Existing Road V C LOS V/C Ratio Near Village 240 10,000 0.024 A
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Bhawi
NH-112 1532 15,000 0.102 A Existing Road V C LOS V/C Ratio Near Village 290 10,000 0.029 A Rampur Bhatiya SH-58 1250 15,000 0.083 A
Existing Road V C LOS V/C Ratio Near Village 210 10,000 0.021 A Bilara SH-61 1392 15,000 0.092 A
V= Volume of Vehicles in PCU’s/day & C= Capacity of Highway in PCU’s/ day
The existing Level of Service (LOS) is “A” i.e. excellent.
V/C LOS Performance 0.0 - 0.2 A Excellent 0.2 - 0.4 B Very Good 0.4 - 0.6 C Good / Average / Fair 0.6 - 0.8 D Poor 0.8 - 1.0 E Very Poor
Note: Capacity as per IRC: 64-1990
DURING MINE OPERATION Proposed Capacity of mine/annum : 40, 00,000 TPA
No. of working days : 295 days
Proposed Capacity of mine/day : 13559 TPD
Tractor trolleys Capacity : 20 tonnes
No. of tractor trolleys deployed/day : 677 tractor trolleys
Considering both loaded & empty trucks: 1354 PCUs
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TABLE 3.15: MODIFIED TRAFFIC SCENARIO & LOS
Modified Road V C LOS V/C Ratio Near village all 990 10,000 0.09 A villages All Highways 5565 15,000 0.37 B
Results From the above analysis it can be seen that the V/C ratio is likely to change to 0.09 & 0.37 with LOS being A and B which is Excellent and Very Good, as per classification. So the additional load on the carrying capacity of the concerned roads is not likely to have any adverse affect.
3.15 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT The basic purpose to exploring the biological environment under Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is to assist in the decision making process and to ensure that the project options under consideration are bio-environmental-friendly. EIA identifies ways of improving project environmentally by preventing, minimizing, mitigating or compensating for adverse impacts before exploration and development phase. The present study on the floral assessment of the proposed project is based on field survey of the area supported by secondary data from various governmental and non-governmental sources.
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The objectives of this study were as follows: To conduct detail study for floral/ faunal/ avifaunal elements in the study area of proposed project site. To assess scheduled species in the proposed site. (Rare, endangered, critically endangered, endemic and vulnerable). To identify locations and features of ecological significance
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To collect Baseline data for the study area along with a description of the existing terrestrial, wetland and aquatic vegetation. To identify Impact of proposed project before exploration and during development phase on the biological environment. 3.15.1 ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN DURING THE STUDY 1. Flora survey - Identification and documentation of Tree, shrub, herb, climber and grass species - Analysis of scheduled taxa of the proposed site 2. Fauna survey - Identification and Documentation of Avian, Reptilian, Amphibian, Mammal and other faunal diversity - Observations by direct and indirect evidences - Analysis of Scheduled species 3. Study of Habitat/microhabitat for the faunal elements in the project site and surrounding areas within 10 km range from the site. 4. Photo documentation for flora and fauna (E – herbarium for flora)
3.15.2 STUDY AREA The study area is situated in Tehsil Bilara and District Jodhpur. This is a river bed mining project in Jodhpur. The topography of the study area is found to be uneven with sand. The vegetation mostly comprises of open scrub vegetation. The study of ecology comprising of existing flora and fauna was assessed within 10 km radial distance from the Jodhpur sand mine area. A detailed list of sampling locations studied for biological environment is presented in below table.
3.15.3 SURVEY METHODOLOGY 3.15.3.1 FLORA M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 89
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The present study on the floral assessment for the proposed project activity is based on extensive field survey of the area. The study has been conducted in winter season. The plant species were identified with the help of taxonomists of related fields and nearby Institutions. Besides the collection of plant species, information was also collected with vernacular names of plant species made by local inhabitants. In this process the whole study area was divided into different sections to get the maximum diversity of plant species. The sampling sites were selected based on land use pattern, topography and floristic composition of the study area. Data on forest type legal status and their extent in the study area has been collected from forest department. The other relevant data on bio-diversity, like economically important plant species and medicinal plant, Rare and endangered species in the study area have been collected from secondary sources like forest and wild life departments.
3.15.3.2 FAUNA The study of fauna takes substantial amount of time to understand the specific faunal characteristics of the area. The assessment of fauna have been done on the bases secondary data collected from different government offices like forest department, wildlife department etc. The presence of wildlife was also confirmed from the local inhabitants depending on the animal sightings and the frequency of their visits in the project area. In addition review of secondary data was another source of information for studying the fauna of the area. In addition the following sources were also used.
Sighting during ecological studies Animal call Foot mark and excreta
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3.15.3.3 AVIFAUNA During Birds survey actual counts of birds were made following the standard survey technique. Observations were made during a walk through in the chosen transect for sighting birds. The number of birds observed in each sampling location was directly counted and listing was made. Birds were noted, counted and identified with the help of 8X40 “Optima Zenith” binocular and standard field identification guides. 3.15.4 FOREST AND FOREST TYPES IN THE STUDY AREA The forest types of the study area can be classified into following groups in accordance with “Survey of Forest Types of India” by Champion and Seth (1968) Tropical Thorn Forests, Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests 1) Tropical Thorn Forests Tropical thorn forests are found in arid and semi-arid regions of western Rajasthan. These extend from western Indo -Park border and gradually merge with the dry deciduous mixed forests of the Aravalli hills and the south-eastern plateau. The main species found in this kind of forests are Acacia nilotica, Acacia leucophloea, Prosopis cineraria, Capparis aphylla, Zizyphus spp., Flacourtia spp. etc. 2) Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests The main species found in this kind of forests are Anogeissus pendula, Anogeissus latifolia, Acacia catechu, Terminalia tomentosa, Terminalia balerica, Terminalia arjuna, Boswellia serrata, Dendrocalamus strictus, Lanea grandis and its associates.
3.15.5 FLORAL INVESTIGATION 3.15.5.1 CORE ZONE (ML AREA) The core area for the purpose comprises mining lease area of 2439 Ha. The proposed project is river bed mining of sand. The major rivers of the proposed lease are gair mumkin nadi, Mitri River, Luni River and its tributaries.
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The core zone is in three blocks and no forest land involved, while open mixed jungle in the study area. No wildlife sanctuary, National parks found in the study area. Most of the area in core zone is covered with sand and during discussion with villagers it was noted that water remains only for few days in the rainy season otherwise the river bed remains dry throughout the year. As the lease area is covered with sand very few plants were observed in the lease area. Some Acacia species were observed in small patches in the lease area. Dense patches of Grass species were observed throughout lease area. The core zone is restricted to mine leases and scattered thorny vegetation. Some agriculture fields are also present around the Sand mining area. The mine owners have planted some tree species around their lease area to create green belt. The species observed during survey are Azadirachta indica, Dalbergia sisoo, Albizzia lebbeck, Ficus religiosa, Mangifera indica, Ailanthus excels etc.
3.15.5.2 BUFFER ZONE (10 KM STUDY AREA) The buffer zone of the study area is dominated by barren land with thorny vegetation. Most of the area around human settlement and the roadside have good vegetation. The common species found to exist in the area are Azadirachta indica Ficus benghalensis, Ficus religiosa, Mangifera indica, Prosopis cineraria, Acacia catechu, Salvadora oleoides, Salvadora persica, Albizia lebbeck, Ailanthus excels, Calotropis giganta, Prosopis juliflora, Zizyphus xylopyra Tephrosia perpuria, Tinospora cordifolia, Tribulus species etc. The agriculture fields mainly consist of plantation of Bajra, Jowar, Sesamum, and Red chillies.
3.15.5.3 MEDICINAL PLANTS Medicinal plants have played an essential role in the development of human culture, for example religions and different ceremonies. Many of the modern medicines are produced indirectly from medicinal M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 92
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. plants. Medicinal plants are most important resource for the traditional medicine & herbal industry and they are also a source of livelihood.
3.15.5.4 MAMMALS Faunal diversity provides a characterization of the project site and interconnections with respect to the wildlife and wildlife habitats that either occurs on or within the vicinity of the project site. The site characterization is based on surveys conducted in January 2014, supplemented by available data from the State/Central Forest Officials, observations during site visit and enquiring the local people. The diversity of fauna basically depends upon density and diversity of flora. The richer the diversity among the flora better will be the diversity in fauna. Wildlife present in the study area was identified through a combination of direct observation and indirect indicators including vocalizations and signs (e.g., scat, tracks). Wildlife surveys were conducted concurrently with the plant community assessment. The study area consists of dry and thorny vegetation. Present conditions of the area do not support higher mammals. On the basis of information collected from local people, Indian Hare (Lepus nigricollis), House Mouse (Mus musculus), Blue Bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus), Common mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii), Squirrel (Funambulus palmarum) are present in study area. The list of faunal elements recorded from (mammals, birds, and reptile) visual observations during site visit and on the basis of information collected from local peoples.
3.15.5.5 AVIFAUNA Birds are often used as a biological model because they are good ecological indicators and they are easily observable. Moreover, trends that hold for birds may hold for other species of wildlife as well. Diversity of avifauna is one of the most important ecological indicators to evaluate the quality of habitats. Now-a-days, avifaunal diversity has been decreasing due to the destruction of natural habitats and human disturbances. Birds are M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 93
Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. essential animal group of an ecosystem and maintain a trophic level. Therefore, detail study on avifauna and their ecology is important to protect them. Birds are the bio-indicators of different status of environment like urbanization, industrialization and human disturbance. They are one of the best indicators of ecosystem. The areas having good bird diversity signifies healthy forest. They can be sensitive indicators of pollution problems and function as early warning system. The avifauna was found to be mostly distinctive to the habitat which consisted of a combination of hilly terrain, agricultural fields and barren land. The total diversity was found to be less. During survey, birds like Pigeons, Doves, Crows, Peafowl, Myna, Sparrows, Bulbuls, Babblers and Eurasian Collared Dove are observed in and around mine leases and villages. A detailed List of bird Species observed in the study area is given in below .
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TABLE 3.16 LIST OF FLORAL SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE STUDY AREA Sr. No. Botanical Name Local Name Family
1. Abrus precatorius Chirmi Fabaceae
2. Acacia farnesiana Gandi babul Mimoseceae
3. Acacia nilotica Desi Babool Fabaceae
4. Acacia tornilis Israli Babool Fabaceae
5. Acacia leucophloea Urajio Fabaceae
6. Acacia jaquimontii Bhoo banwal Fabaceae
7. Achyranthes aspera Andhi Jado Amaranthaceae
8. Ackyranthes aspara Andhijhara Amaranthaceae
9. Aegle marmelos Bil patara Rutaceae
10. Aena Javanica Safed bui Amaranthaceae
11. Aerva tomentosa Bui Amaranthaceae
12. Aloe vera Gwar Patha Xanthorrhoeaceae
13. Albezzia lebbeck Shirish Fabaceae
14. Anogeissus pendula Dhok Combretaceae
15. Argemone mexicana Satyaanaashi Papaveraceae
16. Aristida funiculate Lampdo Poaceae
17. Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae
18. Barleria indica Vigradanti Acantheceae
19. Barleria priontis Bhharadanti Acanthaceaae
20. Bauhinia racemosa Kachnar Caesalpiniceae
21. Boerhavi diffusa Chinawari Nyctaginaceae
22. Calotropis gigantea Aak Asclepiadaceae
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23. Calotropis procera Aak Asclepiadaceae
24. Capparis deciduas Ker Capparidaceae
25. Cassia aungustifolia Senna Caesalpinaceae
26. Cenchrus biflorus Bhurat Poaceae Clerondendrum Arni Verbenaceae 27. phlomidis
28. Crotalaria burhia Senia Fabaceae
29. Commiphora wightii Guggal Burseraceae Cymbopogon Chidi Bejro Poaceae 30. Jawarancosa
31. Cynodon dactylon Motha Poaceae
32. Dactlyoctnium sindicum Zirni grass Poaceae
33. Euphorbia caducifolia Danda Thor Euphorbiaceae
34. Echinops echinatus Unth kantalo Asteraceae
35. Eleusine compressa Tantia Poaceae
36. Fagonia cretica Dhamasa Fabaceae
37. Ficus benghalensis Vad Moraceae
38. Ficus religiosa Pipal Moraceae
39. Gymnema syhestre Gumsaar Asclepiadaceae
40. Indegofera cordiffolia bekario Fabaceae Leptadenia Khimp Asclepiadaceae 41. pyrotechnica
42. Maytenus emarginata Kankera Celastraceae
43. Mimosa hamata Hamata Fabaceae
44. Oropetium thomem Surshia Poaceae
45. Oxalis carniculata Khati buti Oxalidaaceae
46. Plumbago zaylanic chitrala Plumbaginaceae
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47. Prosopis cineraria Khejri Fabaceae
48. Prosopis Juliflora Vilayati Babool Fabaceae
49. Salmalia malabarica Semal Bombacaceae
50. Salvadora oleoides Mithi Jaal Salvadoraceae
51. Salvadora persica Khari Jaal Salvadoraceae
52. Sarcostemma acidum Khir Khimp Apocynaceae
53. Solanum surattense Adkuntali Solanaceae
54. Tinospora cordifolia Neem G. loya Menispermaceae Tribulus species Gokhru Zygophyllaceae 55. (rajasthanensis)
56. Tecomela undulate Rohira Bignoniaceae
57. Tephrosia purpurea Sorphanko Fabaceae
58. Tragus biflorus Bur grass Poaceae
59. Withania somnifera Asvgandha Solanaceae
60. Zizyphus mauritiana Bordi Rhamnaceae
61. Zizyphus numularia Jhadi Ber Rhamnaceae
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TABLE 3.17: LIST OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN STUDY AREA
Sr. Botanical Common Family Medicinal Use No Name Name 1. Abrus Chirmi Fabaceae Uterinestimulant,abortifacient, toxic. precatorius 2. Acacia nilotica Babul Fabaceae Demulcent 3. 3. Adhatoda Adulsa Acanthaceae Expectorant, antispasmodic, febrifuge vasica 4. Aegle Bel Rutaceae Stomachic, antimicrobial (specific for marmelos diarrhoea, colitis, dysentery and enteric infections), digestive, astringent, spasmolytic, hypoglycaemic 5. Albizia procera Kala Siras Mimosaceae Anti-allergic 6. Aloe vera Gwarpatha Liliaceae Purgative, Gel—topically emollient, anti- inflammatory, antimicrobial (used for wound healing, sunburn) 7. Azadirachta Neem Meliaceae Fever, Skin diseases indica 8. Bauhinia Kachnar Fabaceae Buds—a decoction is given in piles (also variegata used against tumours), haematuria, menorrhagia 9. Butea Palash Fabaceae Liver disorders monosperma
10. Calotropis Mudar, apple of Asclepiadaceae Bronchial asthma, Leaves—used for procera* Sodom, Sodom treating chronic cases of dyspepsia, apple, mudar, flatulence, constipation and mucus in stool or osher or stabragh 11. Cassia fistula Amaltas Fabaceae Purgative, Febrifugal, Astringent,Antibilious 12. Cordia Gundo Boraginaceae Astringent, Demulcent, Expectorant, dichotoma Diuretic, Anthelmintic 13. Dalbergia Sisam Fabaceae Stimulant, Appetiser, Anthelmintic, latifolia Spasmogenic 14. Dendrocalamus Manvel, Bans Poaceae Retained placenta strictus 15. Emblica Aamla Euphorbiaceae Antianaemic, Anabolic, Antiemetic, Bechic, officinalis Astringent, Antihaemorrhagic, Antidiarrhoeal, Diuretic, Antidiabetic,
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Sr. Botanical Common Family Medicinal Use No Name Name Carminative, Antioxidant 16. Eucalyptus sp. Nilgiri Myrtaceae Antiseptic, antibiotic, antiviral, Antifungal, antispasmodic 17. Ficus religiosa Peepal Moraceae Astringent, Antiseptic, Alterative, laxative, Haemostatic 18. Ficus Bargad Moraceae Diabetes, Dysentery bengalensis 19. Jatropha Ratanjyot Euphorbiaceae Used for Scabies, Ringworm, Eczema, curcas Whitlow, Warts, Syphilis 20. Lagerstroemia Kalhariya, Kakdiyo Lythraceae Astringent, Fungitoxic parviflora 21. Lannea Moledi Anacardiaceae Bark—Stimulant and Astringent; used in coromandelica gout; decoction for Aphthae of the mouth and for toothache 22. Madhuca Mahua Sapotaceae Stimulant, Demulcent, Laxative, indica Anthelmintic, Bechic 23. Mangifera Aam Anacardiaceae Astringent, Antiscorbutic indica 24. Moringa Mithosaragavo Moringaceae Cardiac and circulatory stimulant oleifera
25. Nyctanthes Tamat, Harsingar Oleaceae Febrifuge, Anti-inflammatory, arbor-tristis Antispasmodic, Hypotensive, Respiratory stimulant. Used for fevers,Rheumatism, Obstinate sciatica
26. Ocimum Vantulsi Lamiaceae Neurological and Rheumatic affections, in gratissimum seminal weakness and in aphthae of children, Antibacterial, Antifungal
27. Pithecellobium Jungle jalebi Fabaceae Astringent, Febrifuge, Antidysenteric dulce*
28. Polyalthia Ashoka Annonaceae Febrifuge, Causes cardiac depression longifolia*
29. Tridax Kumru Asteraceae Styptic, Antidiarrhoeal, Antidysenteric procumbens 30. Sida acuta Chikan Malvaceae Astringent, Cooling, Stomachic, Febrifuge, Diuretic; used for nervous and sexual debility, Haemorrhoids, Biliary disorders 31. Syzygium Jamun Myrtaceae Acute diarrhea cumini
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Sr. Botanical Common Family Medicinal Use No Name Name 32. Tamarindus Imli Fabaceae Cooling, Digestive, Carminative, laxative, indica Antiscorbutic 33. Tectona Sagaun Verbenaceae Expectorant,Antiinflammatory,Antibilious, grandis Anthelmintic 34. Terminalia Arjun Combretaceae Cardioprotective and Cardiotonic arjuna 35. Terminalia Behada Combretaceae Purgative, Astringent bellerica 36. Vitex Negundo Nirgudi Verbenaceae Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic; removes foetid discharges and worms from ulcers
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TABLE 3.18: LIST OF FAUNAL SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE STUDY AREA Common As per WPA/ S. No. Scientific name Family Name 1972
Boselaphus Nilgai Bovidae Schedule III 1. tragocamelus (Blue bull) Canis aureus Jackal Canidae 2. Schedule II Funambulus pennati Squirrel Sciuridae 3. Schedule IV Vulpes bengalensis Indian fox Canidae 4. Schedule II Herpestes javanicus mongoose Herpestidae 5. Schedule IV lepus nigricollis Hare Leporidae 6. Schedule IV Semnopithecus entellus Hanuman Cercopithecidae Schedule II 7. langoor Rattus rattus Rat Muridae 8. Schedule V
TABLE 3.19: LIST OF AVIFAUNAL SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE STUDY AREA Schedule as per S. No. Scientific Name Common Name Family WPA 1972 Acridotheres tristis Indian Myna Sturnidae 1. Schedule IV Bubulcus ibis Cattle egret Ardeidae 2. Schedule IV Columba livia Blue rock pigeon Columbidae 3. Schedule IV Corvus splendens House crow Corvidae 4. Schedule IV Franeolinus Gray partidage Phasianidae Schedule IV 5. pondercerianus Merops orientalis Green bee-eater Meropidae 6. Schedule IV Passer domesticus House sparrow Passerinae 7. Schedule IV Saxicoloides fulicata Indian robin Turdinae 8. Schedule IV Streptopelia decaocto Indian ring dove Columbidae 9. Schedule IV Streptopelia Little brown dove Columbidae Schedule IV 10. senegalensis Tringa hypoleueos common Sandpiper Schedule IV 11. sandpiper Turdoides caudatus Common babbler Timalimae 12. Schedule IV Pycnonetus cafer Red vented bulbul Pycnonotidae 13. Schedule IV M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 101
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Dicrurus admimilbs Black Drongo Dicruridae Schedule IV 14. Copsychus Saularis Magpie Robin Corvidae Schedule IV 15. Miscicapa parva Red breasted Muscicapidae Schedule IV 16. Flycatcher Streptopelia decaocto Eurasian Columbidae Schedule IV 17. Collared Dove
Source: Survey during site visit Public Consultation
3.15.6 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT As per the mining plan 50hect of total land area should developed as part of green belt in next years, it is recommended that plantation should be done along the peripheral areas and open spaces in the buffer zone of the proposed project site. This will help to reduce the noise pollution; dust spread and also enhances the aesthetic value around the project site. Plantation will be done at the rate of 1000 saplings per hectare. In the ensuing five year it is proposed to plant over 50 hectares area with 50000 samplings. The expected rate survival is assumed at 80%. To improve the survival rate in the adverse climate condition necessary consultation would be taken from the Forest department. Proposed plantation area shall be fenced properly for improving the survival rate. Plantation will be carried out in the lease area in phased manner.
3.15.6.1 CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF SPECIES FOR GREENBELT
The plant species suitable for greenbelt development need to be selected based on the following criteria: Fast growing Thick canopy cover Perennial and evergreen Large leaf area index High sink potential
3.15.6.2 GUIDELINES FOR PLANTATION M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining 102
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The plant species identified for greenbelt development should be planted using dug-pit technique. The pit size should be in between 45 cm x 45 cm x 45 cm to 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm depending on the soil quality. Soil proposed to be used for filling the pit should be mixed with well decomposed farm yard manure or sewage sludge at the rate of 3.6 kg (on dry weight basis).The filling of soils should be completed at least 5-10 days before the actual plantation. Healthy seedlings of identified species should be planted in each pit. Proper density of plants (no. per hectare) should be maintained within the greenbelt. The minimum distance between two plantations should be dependent on the choice of species and compatibility of different species to grow together. The distance should be in between 2.5m to 5m for plantation in greenbelt. 3.15.6.3 ROADSIDE PLANTATION Minimum of two rows of plants are required for plantation on roadside to minimize the pollution effects. While planting, care should be taken to ensure that plants in second row fall in between the two plants of first row. 3.15.6.4 SELECTION OF PLANT SPECIES Keeping in view the climatic condition status of soil and vegetation types the following plant species are suitable for plantation for the proposed project site, also advised will be taken from Forest Department. Plant species for green belt development are given in Table 3.21.
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TABLE 3.20 LIST OF PLANT SPECIES FOR GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT Sr. Scientific Name Common Family Sensitive / Habit Growth Regeneration Evergreen / No. Name Tolerant rate Deciduous 1. Acacia catechu Khair Mimoseae T Shrub Quick By seed Evergreen growing 2. Acacia farnesiana Babul Mimoseae T Tree Quick By seed Evergreen growing 3. Acacia nilotica Indian Mimoseae T Tree Quick By seed Evergreen Gum growing 4. Aegle marmelos Bell tree Rutaceae T Tree Quick By seed & root Evergreen growing cutting 5. Albizia chinensis Siris Mimoseae T Tree Quick By seed Deciduous growing 6. Albizia lebbeck Siran Mimoseae T Tree Quick By seed Deciduous growing 7. Albizia moluccana Subabul Mimoseae T Tree Quick By seed Evergreen growing 8. Albizia procera White Mimoseae T Tree Quick By seed Deciduous Siris growing
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Sr. Scientific Name Common Family Sensitive / Habit Growth Regeneration Evergreen / No. Name Tolerant rate Deciduous 9. Anthocephalus Kadamba Rubiaceae T Tree Quick By seed Deciduous chinensis growing 10. Artocarpus Kathal Urticaceae T Tree Slowing By seed Evergreen heterophyllus growing 11. Azadirachta indica Neem Meliaceae T Tree Quick By seed Evergreen growing after 1st season 12. Bambusa Bamboo Poaceae T Shrub Quick By cuttings Deciduous arundinacia growing 13. Bambusa vulgaris The Poaceae T Shrub Quick Cuttings golden growing bamboo 14. Bauhinia Kanchan Caesalpinace T tree/shrub Quick By seeding Deciduous acuminate ae growing 15. Bauhinia varigata Kanchan Caesalpinace T Tree Quick By seeds ae growing 16. Butea Palas Fabaceae T Tree Quick By seeds Deciduous monosperma growing
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Sr. Scientific Name Common Family Sensitive / Habit Growth Regeneration Evergreen / No. Name Tolerant rate Deciduous 17. Callistemon Battle Myrtaceae T Tree Slow By seeds Evergreen citrinus brush growing cutting 18. Citrus aurantium Nebu Rutaceae T Tree/ Quick By seeds, Evergreen shrub growing Stem cutting 19. Cordia dichotoma Chota Cordiaceae T Tree Quick By seeds, Evergreen losora growing Stem cutting after 1st year 20. Dalbergia sissoo Sissoo Moderate By seeds, Root Evergreen during 1st & Slum year and cuttings rapid afterward s 21. Derris indica Karanja Fabaceae T Tree Quick By seeds Evergreen growing 22. Diospyros Tendu Ebenaceae T Tree Slow By seeds, Root Evergreen melanoxylon growing suckers 23. Emblica officinalis Awala Euphorbiace T Tree Quick By seeds, Deciduous
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Sr. Scientific Name Common Family Sensitive / Habit Growth Regeneration Evergreen / No. Name Tolerant rate Deciduous ae growing cuttings, budding, inarching 24. Ficus benghalensis Bargad Moraceae T Tree Quick By cutting Evergreen growing seeds 25. Ficus religiosa Pipal Moraceae T Tree Quick Through Evergreen growing seeds, cutting 26. Grewia Phalsa Tiliaceae T Shrub Quick By seeds Evergreen subinequalis growing 27. Lantana camara Lantana Verbenaceae T Shrub Quick By seeds, Evergreen growing cuttings 28. Lawsonia inermis Mehandi Lythraceae T Shrub Quick By seeds, Evergreen growing cuttings 29. Madhuca longifolia Mahwa Sapotaceae Quick By seeds Deciduous growing 30. Mangifera indica Mango Anacardiace T Tree Quick By seeds, Evergreen ae growing transplantatio after 1st n, grafting, year budding, air
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Sr. Scientific Name Common Family Sensitive / Habit Growth Regeneration Evergreen / No. Name Tolerant rate Deciduous layering, root cutting, marcutting 31. Nerium indicum Kaner Apocynaceae T Shrub Quick By Cutting Evergreen growing 32. Polyalthia Ashok Ananaceae S Tree Quick Through seeds Evergreen longifolia growing (fresh) 33. Prosopis chilensis Vilayati Mimosaceae T Tree Quick By seeds, root Evergreen kikkar growing sucker 34. Prosopis cineraria Khejri Mimosaceae T Tree Quick By seeds, root growing sucker 35. Psidium guayava Amrud Myrtaceae T Tree Quick By seeds, Evergreen growing stem, cutting, budding, grafting 36. Ricinus communis Erandi Euphorbiace T Shrub Quick By seeds, Evergreen ae growing 37. Saraca asoka Ashok Caesalpinace T Tree Quick By seed Evergreen ae growing
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Sr. Scientific Name Common Family Sensitive / Habit Growth Regeneration Evergreen / No. Name Tolerant rate Deciduous 38. Tamarindus indica Imli Caesalpinace T Tree Quick By seed Evergreen ae growing (Early) 39. Tectona grandis Teak Verbenaceae T Tree Quick By seeds Deciduous growing 40. Terminalia arjuna Arjuna Combretacea T Tree Quick By seeds, Deciduous e growing Cutting 41. Zizyphus Ber Rhamnaceae T Tree Quick By seeds Evergreen mauritiana growing 42. Zizyphus xylopyra Katber Rhamnaceae T Staggler Quick By seeds Evergreen shrub growing Source: “Guideline for Developing Greenbelt” Central pollution Control Board, Program objective series PROBES/75/1999-2000
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3.16 LAND ENVIRONMENT 3.16.1 Land use of Study Area (Buffer Zone) The total and of the study area is divided into following categories:- i. Open land ii. Scrub land iii. River iv. Forest v. Settlement vi. Agriculture
3.16.1.1DATA INPUT IRS LISS3 Multispectral digital FCC (False Color Composite) data from NRSC Bhuwan Portal has been used for preparation of Land use/ Land cover thematic map of study area. Project site mine plan map & Google maps and Toposheet has been used as a reference map for preparation of base layer map like road, rail network, project site boundary, landmarks point etc.
Technical Details Satellite Image IRS LISS3 Band Combination 2,3,4 DIP Software ERDAS Imagine 9.2 & Arc GIS 9
3.16.1.2 METHODOLOGY Land use / Land cover map preparation, Base map creation; and Geometric correction of satellite image has been processed using ERDAS Imagine 9.2 Software. The methodology used for Land use pattern of study area is explained in following headings.
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3.16.1.3 GEOREFERENCING OF TOPOMAPS SOI toposheet has been geo-referenced in geographic lat/long coordinate system using ERDAS Imagine Software.
3.16.1.4 BASE MAP LAYER CREATION Project site mine plan map & Google maps and geo-referenced toposheet has used as a reference map for base layer creation. In base layer linear, polygon and point feature like road, rail, canal, village location and project site have been created in vector data format. Base map layer information has been used for analysis of surrounding feature like road, rail, and village location near project site activity through superimposed on thematic map for data integration.
3.16.1.5INTERPRETATION OF SATELLITE IMAGE Hybrid technique has been used i.e. visual interpretation and digital image processing for identification of different land use and vegetation cover classes based on spectral signature of geographic feature. Spectral signature represents various land use class. Image interpretation keys are developed, based on image characteristics like color, tone, size, shape, texture, pattern, shadow, association etc, which enables interpretation of satellite images for ground feature.
For validation of Land Use Plan Ground truth data on geographic features of the study area has been collected by site visit to the area for verification of information of the different doubtful features of the study areas, which were found to be responsible for the occurrence of specific spectral reflectance behavioral patterns. Ground truth data has been carried out for verification of the ground features (esp. one in doubt) interpretation accuracy and reliability of remotely sensed data.
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CONCLUSION All vector layer superimposed on land use land cover map for final map composition and used for analysis and study of area.
TABLE 3.21: LAND USE PATTERN OF THE STUDY AREA LANDUSE AREA (in Hectares) % Area Open/Wasteland 4240.83 1.71 Scrub land 5238.91 2.11 Settlement 2531.02 1.02 Vegetation 36.45 0.14 Water Bodies 5.5 0.22 River 3945.94 1.59 Agriculture 231507.55 93.53 Total Area 247506.2 100%
Refer Figure 3.13: Land use Pattern of the Study Area.
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3.16.2 Land use of Applied Lease area (Core Zone) The applied lease area of 2439 hect.Has undulate topography with minimum and maximum elevation of the leasehold area, above mean sea level are 229 m mRL and 302 m mRL respectively. No forest land is involved in the core zone. The summarized details of the type of and covered in the applied lease area is indicated in below Table. TABLE 3.22: LAND USE PATTERN-EXISTING& UP TO END OF LEASE PERIOD (5 YEAR) All figures in Hect. S. Particulars Present At the end of 5th No. land use year (ha.) (ha.) 1 Quarry Area 8.40 0.00 2 Infrastructure (road/ material 3.40 3.40 handing / stockyard) 3 River bed( mined and natural 0.00 421.65 reclamation by rain water born sediments ) 4 Plantation area including green belt 0.00 50.00 5 Undisturbed land including 2427..20 1963.95 restricted are along roads bridges, culverts etc 2439 2439
It is river bed mining project. River bed will be excavated upto a depth of 3m thickness leaving statutory barrier. Material will be replenished every year during the Monsoon. So no change in form of dig will occur. Applied Lease area will change in form of plantation done during the year.
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3.17 SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT OF BILARA SAND MINING PROJECT, DISTRICT JODHPUR, RAJASTHAN 3.17.1.0 INTRODUCTION Socio-Economic Impact Assessment (SEIA) refers to systematic analysis of various social and economic characteristics of human being living in a given geographical area. The geographical area is often called Study Area or Impact Area. SEIA is carried out simultaneously with Environment Impact Assessment (EIA). The prime objective of SEIA is to identify and evaluate potential socio-economic and cultural impacts of a proposed development project on the lives and conditions of people, their families and their communities. If the potential impacts are significant and adverse, SEIA assist the developers and other stakeholders to reduce, remove or prevent these impacts from happening. The present study seeks to determine the severity of the socio-economic and cultural impacts. The objectives of the study are as follows: To identify and assess socio-economic activities, which are significantly influenced by mining activities. To examine the perceptions of local communities’ on how mining activities impact the socio-economic life of the people To suggest interventions that can assist in mitigating the negative impacts of mining Socio-economic study is multidisciplinary, using theories and methods from Sociology, Economics, History, Psychology, Geography etc. As per Notification dated 14th September, 2006 of the then Ministry of Environment & Forests (Since renamed as ‘Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change) Socio-economic impact assessment of the study area of a project is mandatory for all the listed projects classified into 39 sectors. The study area consists of a core area where the proposed project is expected to come up and a buffer area encircling the project area with a radius of ten kilometres from the centre of the project site. The Socio-economic impact assessment focuses the effect of the project on social and economic well-being of the community. The above assessment is made through a socio-economic survey conducted by a team of experts that consist of a demographer, statistician, econometrician, social scientist, health expert and gender specialist. The outcome of the study relies on both quantitative and qualitative measure of impacts. The impacts are evaluated in terms of changes in community demographics, housing, employment & income, market effects, public services, retail business, quality of life and artistic qualities of the community. Qualitative assessment of community perceptions about development is an important measure of development impacts. Assessing proposed developments in socio-economic context help the community leaders and local people identify potential social equity issues, evaluate the adequacy of social services and determine whether the project has adverse effects on overall social well-being or not.
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3.17.2.0 SCOPE OF THE PROPOSED STUDY 1) Collection of baseline data of the study area 2) To comprehend socio-economic status of people living in the study area 3) To assess probable impact of the project on social and economic aspects in the study area 4) To measure the impact of the project on Quality of life of the people living in the study area 5) To ensure sustainability of positive impacts 6) To recommend mitigation measures on adverse impacts
3.17.3. 0 RIVER BED SAND (BAJRI) MINING PROJECT, Bilara, District Jodhpur. An attempt has been made in the succeeding paragraphs of this report to assess the Socio- economic impact of the proposed Sand (Bajri) mining project in tehsil Bilara, district Jodhpur, Rajasthan. As per Notification dated 14th September, 2006 of the then Ministry of Environment & Forests (Since renamed as ‘Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change) it is a Category “A” Project. The total mining lease area is 2439 Hectares and the lease has been granted to Shri Himmat Singh S/o Sh. Kalyan Singh Shekhawat 98, Rooprajat Township, Phase-11, Pal Road, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) for a period of five years. The mining lease has been granted as per the provisions made in Rajasthan Mineral Concession Rules, 1986.The yearly production of sand has been estimated at four million ton. By the end of five year’s lease period the lease holder is expected to dig out 20 Million Tons of sand from the above quarry. This will be 25.2 percent of the total mineable reserve of 79.46 Million Tons in the same pit. While discussing about the quality of the above sand it is reported that the said sand is of good quality and can safely be used in the construction of roads, buildings, railway beds, bricks, plasters, etc. It can also be used in the manufacture of sheet glasses, water filtration, leisure & sports etc. The total cost of the project has been estimated at Rs 2.5 crore.
3.17.4.0 STUDY AREA The study area, also known as Impact Area has been defined as sum total of core and buffer area with a radius of ten kilometres from the periphery of the project site. The study area includes all the land marks both natural and manmade, falling therein. The study area of the proposed sand mining project is spread over in three districts namely Jodhpur ,Pali and Nagaur in the state of Rajasthan. There are 129 villages and no urban areas in the study area. The Sub-district wise distribution of villages in the study area is provided in Table 3.23:
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Table 3.23: District and Sub-district wise distribution of Habitations in the Study area. Sr. State District Sub-district Number of Habitations % to total number No. of Habitations in the study area Rural Urban Total
1 Rajasthan Jodhpur Phalodi 3 - 3 2.3 Osian 3 - 3 2.3 Bhopalgarh 23 - 23 17.5 Jodhpur 10 - 10 7.6 Luni 3 - 3 2.3 Bilara 65 2 67 51.1 Pali Sojat 7 - 7 5.3 Jaitram 10 - 10 7.6 Nagaur Merta 5 - 5 3.8 Total 3 9 129 2 131 100
Figure3.14 : Sub-district wise distribution of Habitations in the study area
Sub-District wise distribution of habitations (Villages & towns)
Total 131 Merta 5
Jaitram 10 districts - Sojat 7 Bilara 67 Luni 3 Jodhpur 10 Bhopalgarh 23
Osian 3 Namesof Subthe Phalodi 3 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 No. of Habitations
It may be seen from the above table and figure that 51 percent of the villages are located in Bilara and the remaining 17 percent in Sub- district Bhopalgarh.
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The River Sand area is located in the Gair mumkin /Nala/ Bala in Bilara Tehsil of district Jodhpur. The lease area is in the river bed and devoid of any vegetation. Some local herbs and shrubs are present here and there near the mining site. It is a Government land and the same has been allotted for open cast sand mining. Land on both sides of the lease area is private agricultural land. The buffer area is a part of Great Thar Desert of Rajasthan. Broad land use pattern of the study area is presented in Table 3.24 and Figure 3.15 below.
Table 3.24: Broad Land-use Pattern in the Study Area Sr. No Description of Land Estimated Area ( Ha) Percentage to total area 1 Forest Land 557.5 0.2 2 Agricultural Land 202483.6 73.8 2(a) Irrigated Land 41114.0 15.0 2(b) Un-Irrigated 161369.6 58.8 3 Cultivable Waste 23389.3 8.5 4 Area not available for 48075.8 17.5 Cultivation Total 157078.45 274506.2
Figure 3.14: Broad Land-use Pattern in the Study Area
There is no major Reserved and Protected forest in the study area. However, there are patches of forests land at Bhagwanpura, Boroonda, Hariyada, Jhak, Khari Kalan, Murkasni and Vishnu Nagar. About 73.8 percent of the land in the study area is
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agricultural land. The major crops grown in the area are maize, guar, bajra, moth, moong, chanwla, till, groundnut, chilli, cotton, wheat, barley, chana, isabgol, rape seed), mustard seed and taramira. About 20.3 percent of the agricultural land is irrigated. The major portion of irrigation in the study area is carried out by Tube wells (59.1 percent), wells (38.4 percent) and Government Canal (1.8 percent). It has been observed that most of the wells have been electrified for watering the agricultural fields. About 17.5 percent of the total area is not available for agriculture. The lease area forms 5.1 percent of the ‘area not available for cultivation’. Due to its location and availability of better infrastructural facilities, industrial growth is noticeable in the study area. A sizeable number of engineering industries have come up in the study area. There are other industrial units engaged in the manufacture of cement, industrial gases, textiles, derivatives of Gaur Gum, Chemicals, Plastics, electronics, electrical, mineral based utensil units etc. Wooden Furniture, ghee, earthen pots, cots, leather shoes, woollen clothes etc are produced by small scale and micro industrial units in the study area. Oil is extracted from Taramira plants. It is used in cooking, pickling and as a massage oil.
3.17.5.0 APPROACH & METHODOLOGY A mixture of both quantitative and qualitative approach has been adopted for Socio- economic Impact assessment of the upcoming sand mining project in tehsil Bilara, district Jodhpur, Rajasthan. Since qualitative information is hypothetical in nature and cannot be analyzed directly they were converted into numerical facts prior to data analysis. The Socio-economic study was conducted by extensive site visit and collection of secondary data from the reports of Census 20011, Census2001, Annual Health Survey 2012-13, District Statistical Hand Book, Monthly Statistics of Mineral Production published by IBM and various Websites. During the course of site visit people living in the neighbouring villages were asked to express their perception about the project.
3.17.6.0 HYPOTHESIS “Sand) Mining has significant socio-economic impacts on livelihoods of local communities”. 3.17.7.0 BASELINE DATA Baseline data refers to basic information collected before a project/scheme is implemented. It is used later to provide a comparison for assessing impact of the project. Any attempt to collect base line data while undertaking actual impact assessment study is faced with recall error. The baseline data was collected from secondary sources. It consists of demographic particulars and amenities. The data presented in the table below pertains to study area as a whole. The Statement indicating village level population, sex ratio, literacy rate, workers participation rate
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and dependency rate in the study area is attached at the end of this report at ANNEX Table 3.25: Demographic Particulars of the Study Area S.N. Description Number Percentage to Respective totals 1 Gender wise Total Population of the Study 369580 100 Area Male 188998 51.1 Female 180582 48.9 Sex Ratio (No. Of females per 1000 males) 955 Overall density of population (per sq. Km) 134.6 2 Sector wise Total Population of the Study 369580 100 Area Rural 293180 79.3 Urban 76400 20.7 Density of population in rural areas (per 111.7 sq. Km) Density of population in urban areas (per 636.7 sq. Km) 3 Gender wise total population in Rural 293180 100 Areas Male 150269 51.3 Female 142911 48.7 Sex Ratio in rural area (No. Of females 951 per 1000 males) 4 Gender wise total population in Urban 76400 100 Areas Male 38729 50.7 Female 37671 49.3 Sex Ratio in urban area (No. Of females 973 per 1000 males) 5 Gender wise Total Population (0-6 age 54614 100 group) Male 28873 52.9 Female 25741 47.1 Sex Ratio of 0-6 age group population (No. 892 Of females per 1000 males) 6 Gender wise population (0-6 age group) in 44171 100 Rural Areas Male 23342 52.8 Female 20829 47.2
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S.N. Description Number Percentage to Respective totals Sex Ratio of 0-6 age group population in 892 rural area (No. Of females per 1000 males) 7 Gender wise population (0-6 years) in 10443 100 Urban Areas Male 5531 53.0 Female 4912 47.0 Sex Ratio of 0-6 age group population in 888 urban area (No. Of females per 1000 males) 8 Sector wise number of Households 70451
Rural 56448 Urban 14003 Average Household size in the Study Area 5 as a whole Average Household size in Rural Area 5 Average Household size in Urban Area 5 Highest Household size in the Study Area 7 Lowest Household size in the Study Area 4 9 Total Population of Schedule Caste 80296 100 Community in the Study Area Male 41332 51.5 Female 38964 48.5
Sex Ratio (No. Of females per 1000 males) 943 10 Gender wise Schedule Caste Population in 68784 100 Rural Areas Male 35474 51.6 Female 33310 48.4 Sex Ratio of Schedule Caste population in 939 Rural Areas (No. Of females per 1000 males) 11 Gender wise Schedule Caste Population in 11512 100 Urban Areas Male 5858 50.9 Female 5654 49.1 Sex Ratio of Schedule Caste population in 965 Urban Areas (No. Of females per 1000 males)
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S.N. Description Number Percentage to Respective totals 12 Total Population of Schedule Tribe 3781 Community 13 Total Literates in the Study Area 193715 100 Male 124681 64.4 Female 69034 35.6 Overall Literacy Rate in the Study Area 61.5 Male 77.9 Female 44.6 Gender gap in literacy rate 33.3 14 Gender wise distribution of Literates in 146616 100 the Rural Areas Male 96164 65.6 Female 50452 34.4 Overall Literacy Rate in Rural Areas 58.9 Male 75.8 Female 41.3 Gender gap in literacy rate in rural areas 34.5 15 Gender wise distribution of Literates in 47099 100 the Urban Areas Male 28517 60.5 Female 18582 39.5 Overall Literacy Rate in Urban Areas 71.4 Male 85.9 Female 56.7 Gender gap in literacy rate in Urban 29.2 Areas 16 Total Workers in the Study Area 167349 100 Male 97226 58.1 Female 70123 41.9 Overall Gender Gap in work participation 7.3 rate Overall Dependency Rate of Non-workers 120.8 Dependency Rate of Male Non-workers 54.8 Dependency Rate of Female Non-workers 66.0
17 Gender wise distribution of Total Workers 139832 100 in the Rural Areas Male 77620 55.5 Female 62212 44.5
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S.N. Description Number Percentage to Respective totals Overall Gender Gap in work participation 5.3 rate Overall Dependency Rate of Non-workers 109.7 Dependency Rate of Male Non-workers 52.0 Dependency Rate of Female Non-workers 57.7 18 Gender wise distribution of Workers in 27517 100 the Urban Areas Male 19606 71.3 Female 7911 28.7 Overall Gender Gap in work participation 15.3 rate Overall Dependency Rate of Non-workers 177.6
Dependency Rate of Male Non-workers 69.5
Dependency Rate of Female Non-workers 108.2
19 Total Main Workers in the Study Area 111704 100 Male 78165 70.0 Female 33539 30.0 Overall Gender Gap in work participation 40.0 rate of main workers 20 Gender wise distribution of Main Workers 88456 100 in the Rural Areas Male 60089 67.9 Female 28367 32.1 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 35.8 Main workers in rural areas 21 Gender wise distribution of Main Workers 23248 100 in the Urban Areas Male 18076 77.8 Female 5172 22.2 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 55.6 Main workers in Urban areas 22 Total Marginal Workers in the Study Area 55645 100 Male 19061 34.3 Female 36584 65.7
Overall gender gap in work participation 31.4 rate of Marginal workers
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S.N. Description Number Percentage to Respective totals 23 Gender wise distribution of Marginal 51376 100 Workers in the Rural Areas Male 17531 34.1 Female 33845 65.9 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 31.8 Marginal workers in Rural Areas 24 Gender wise distribution of Marginal 4269 100 Workers in Urban Areas Male 1530 35.8 Female 2739 64.2 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 28.4 Marginal workers in Urban areas 25 Total Household Industrial Workers in 3472 100 the Study Area Male 2550 73.4 Female 922 26.6 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 46.8 Household Industrial Workers 26 Gender wise distribution of Household 2147 100 Industrial Workers in Rural Areas Male 1526 71.1
Female 621 28.9 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 42.2 Household Industrial Workers in Rural Areas 27 Gender wise distribution of Household 1325 100 Industrial Workers in Urban Areas Male 1024 77.3 Female 301 22.7 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 54.6 Household Industrial Workers in Urban Areas 28 Total Agricultural Workers in the Study 114824 100 Area Male 56351 49.1 Female 58473 50.9 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 1.8 Agricultural Workers in the Study Area
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S.N. Description Number Percentage to Respective totals 29 Gender wise distribution of Agricultural 104853 100 Workers in Rural Areas Male 51087 48.7 Female 53766 51.3 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 2.6 Agricultural Workers in Rural Areas 30 Gender wise distribution of Agricultural 9971 100 Workers in Urban Areas Male 5264 52.8 Female 4707 47.2 Gender Gap in work participation rate of 5.6 Agricultural Workers in Urban Areas 31 Total Cultivators in the Study Area 70897 100 Male 38591 54.4 Female 32306 45.6 32 Gender wise distribution of Cultivators in 64248 100 Rural Areas Male 34864 54.3 Female 29384 45.7 33 Gender wise distribution of Cultivators in 6649 100 Urban Areas Male 3727 56.1 Female 2922 43.9 34 Total Agricultural Labour in the Study 43927 100 Area Male 17760 40.4 Female 26167 59.6 35 Gender wise distribution of Agricultural 40605 100 Labour in Rural Areas Male 16223 40.0 Female 24382 60.0 36 Gender wise distribution of Agricultural 3322 100 Labour in Urban Areas Male 1537 46.3 Female 1785 53.7 37 Total ‘Other Workers’ in the Study Area 49053 100 Male 38325 78.1 Female 10728 21.9
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S.N. Description Number Percentage to Respective totals 38 Gender wise distribution of Other 32832 100 Workers in Rural Areas Male 25007 76.2 Female 7825 23.8 39 Gender wise distribution of Other 16221 100 Workers in Urban Areas Male 13318 82.1 Female 2903 17.9
Source: Census 2011 NB: All the rates and ratios provided in the above table has been compiled on the basis of Census 2011 data
3.17.8.0 CURRENT SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS 3.17.8.1 Population Composition According to 2011 Population Census the study area has a total population of 369580. Of this 51.1 percent are male and the remaining 48.9 percent are female. Of the total population 79.3 percent live in rural areas and the remaining 20.7 percent in urban areas. Further 14.8 percent of the total population belongs to 0-6 age group. About 52.9 percent of them are male and the remaining 47.1 percent are female.
3.17.8.2 Sex Ratio The overall sex ratio in the study area has been worked out to 955 females per 1000 males, which is higher than the national average of 940 females per 1000 males. The highest sex ratio of 1188 females per 1000 males has been recorded in village Beejasani, district Jodhpur, Rajasthan. On the other hand the lowest sex ratio of 814 females per 1000 males has been observed in village Sindhi pura in district Jodhpur, Rajasthan The sex ratio of Children belonging to 0-6 age group has been worked out to 892 females per 1000 males, which is below the national average of 914 females per 1000 males.
3.17.8.3 Density of Population The Overall density of population in the study area has been worked out to 134.6 per sq. Kilometre. The density of population in the urban area is 636.7 per sq. Kilometre, while in the rural area is 111.7 per sq. Kilometre.
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3.17.8.4 Households There are 70451 households in the study area out of which 46448 is in rural area and remaining 14003 is in urban area. The average household size is 5. The highest household size in the study area is 7 and the lowest is 4.
3.17.8.5 Social Structure In the study area the total number of persons belonging to Scheduled Caste community is 80296, which is 21.7 percent of the total population. The gender wise distribution of schedule caste population is male 51.5 percent and female 48.5 percent. Thus, the sex ratio of the Scheduled caste community is 943 females per one thousand males. Besides Scheduled Caste there are also people belonging to Scheduled tribe community. However, their presence is only limited to 56 villages. In the study area the total number of persons belonging to Scheduled Tribe community is 3781, which is slightly above one percent of the total population. The gender wise distribution of schedule Tribe population is male 52.7 percent and female 47.6 percent. The sex ratio of the Scheduled tribe community has been worked out to 907 females per one thousand males. The socio-economic development of poor and downtrodden scheduled castes and scheduled tribes is a continuous process and the government, both at the centre and the states is constantly making efforts to improve the destiny of these people. Distribution of surplus land to the members of the above categories of people is an important step taken by the government for their economic empowerment. The State Government has drawn up its own list of socially and educationally backward classes and implementing developmental schemes for them, mainly in the field of education. All the ongoing schemes are critically examined and modified to cater to the needs of different groups amongst these communities. The government has also started various schemes to improve the quality of life of the rural poor, especially for the scheduled castes and scheduled tribes by making special provisions for them. ‘Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana’ is one such programme, which was launched to safeguard the interest of the weaker sections and women by providing them wage employment. The ‘Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana’(SHSY), another rural development scheme also aimed at bringing poor families above the poverty line by providing them income generating assets through a mix of credit and subsidy. The SGSY has also made an explicit provision that 50 per cent of the Swarozgaris assisted should be from SCs/STs. The Scheduled caste and scheduled tribe people are making rapid progress both in economic and social sphere. Today they are no more untouchables. The literate Schedule Caste and Scheduled tribe people are engaged in trade, commerce & industry, private & government services including police and armed forces.
3.17.8.6 Literacy Status
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All persons aged seven years and above, who can both read and write with understanding in any language are considered as literate. The total number of literate persons in the study area is 193715, which is 52.4 percent of the total population. Of the total number of literate persons 64.4 percent are male and the remaining 35.6 percent are female. The overall literacy rate in the study area has been worked out to 61.5 percent. The gender wise distribution of literacy rate is 77.9 percent for male and 44.6 percent for female, creating a gender gap 33.3 percent.
3.17.8.7 Workers A worker has been defined as a person who participates in a productive activity with or without compensation, wages or profit and such participation may be physical and/or mental in nature. A worker may be a main worker or a marginal worker. The main workers are those workers who had worked for the major part of the total working period. In case the total working period is 365 days the worker must have worked for more than 183 days. The marginal workers, on the other hand are those workers who had worked for less than six months during the last 365 days. The total number of workers in the study area has been worked out to 167349, which comprises 45.3 percent of the total population. Of the total workers 58.1 percent are male and the remaining 41.9 percent are female. The overall work participation rate is 45.3 percent. While male work participation rate is 23.3 percent, it is only 19.0 percent in the case of females. This creates a gender gap of 7.3 percent. The main workers constitute 66.7 percent of the total work force, while marginal workers form only 33.3 percent of the total working population in the study area. Further analysis of the data reveals that as expected there exists male dominancy in the case of Main workers (70 percent) and female dominancy in the case of Marginal workers (65.7 percent). In this connection it is stated that women members in a household are preoccupied with household work besides taking care of their children and other members of the household. Hence, they prefer to work as a marginal worker rather as a main work. Further classification of the workers has revealed that in the study area 68.6 percent of the total workers are agricultural workers, 2.1 percent are household industrial workers and the remaining 29.3 percent are ‘Other Workers’. Furthermore, of the total agricultural workers about 61.7 percent are Cultivators and the remaining 38.3 percent are Agricultural Labour. About 54.4 percent of cultivators are male and the remaining 45.6 percent are female. On the other hand, 40.4 percent of Agricultural labours are male and the remaining 59.6 percent are female. It has been observed that a significant number of women in the study area work as Agricultural Labour and they come from various districts of the states. Thus the agricultural labours are mostly immigrants from other states/regions. They are landless labour work in the field of big farmers for which they get wages or part of the produce. The wages of women agricultural labour is miserably low in comparison to their male counterpart, though they put same amount of hard work as the male does. The ‘Other
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Workers’ include white collar workers, blue collar workers, pink collar workers, informal workers, etc.
3.17.8.8 Dependency Ratio Based on total number of workers gainfully employed and non-workers either in search of a job or old & retired or physically handicapped or students or people who have no intention to work, the overall dependency rate has been worked out to 120.8 percent. While the dependency rate for male is 54.8 percent, it is 66.0 percent in the case of female. This indicates that unemployment situation in the study area is a matter of concern.
3.17.9.0 AMENITIES Based on information collected from secondary sources various amenities available in the study area have been provided in the table below. Table 3.26: Amenities available in the Study Area Description Number of villages Number of institutions where the facility is available Villages Towns Villages Towns
(A) INSTITUTIONAL EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES Primary Schools 130 2 218 34 Middle Schools0000 82 2 94 14 Secondary School 20 2 20 4 Senior Secondary School 4 2 4 6
College 1 - 1 -
Adult Literacy Centre 25 1 25 22
Total no. Of Institutions 362 80 (B) HEALTH FACILITIES Allopathic Hospitals 1 1 1 1(56) Allopathic Dispensery 3 1 3 2 Ayurvedic Dispensary 16 - 16 - Maternity Child Welfare Center 5 - 5 - Health Centre 13 2 13 2(30) Primary Health Centre 17 - 17 - Primary Health Sub-center 52 - 52 -
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Family Welfare Centre 6 2 6 2 T B Clinic - 1 - 1 Nursing Home - 1 - 1 Total for Institutional Health Facilities 113 9(86) Registered Medical Practiners 3 - 3 - Child Health Worker 21 - 23 - Total no of Medical persons 26 (C) DRINKING WATER FACILITIES Wells 88 - - -
Hand Pump 80 - - -
Tank 76 - - River 10 - - - Tube well 62 - - - Tap 94 - - - No. Of Water bore wells - 2 - 3076
(D) ELECTRICITY Power for Domestic use in 20 - - - villages Power for agricultural uses only 1 - - - Power for domestic and 16 - - - agricultural uses only Power for domestic and Other 5 - - - uses only Power for all uses 82 - - - Total no. Of villages 124 - - - No of Connections in urban areas: Connections for Domestic Uses - 2 - 9457 Connections for Commercial - 2 - 1703 Uses Connections for Industrial Uses - 2 - 592 Connections for Street Lighting - 2 - 2570 Connections for Other Uses - 1 - 2017 Total 16339 (E) ROADS 1.Rural Areas Only Paved Roads /pakka road 10 - - -
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Only Foot Roads 1 - - - Only Mud roads /kacha road 4 - - - Paved and Foot Roads 3 - - - Paved and Mud Roads 10 - - - Mud Roads and Foot Roads 29 - - - Paved, Mud and Foot Roads 72 - - - Total for rural areas 129 - - - 2. Urban Areas Paved Roads in Urban areas - 2 - 70 (Kms) Mud Roads in Urban Areas - 2 - 95 (Kms) Total Length of the roads in the - 165 Urban areas (in Kms) (F) Banking and Credit facilities Commercial Banks 10 2 10 11 Cooperative Banks 3 - 3 - Total 13 11 Agricultural Credit Societies 34 2 34 3 Non- Agricultural Credit 2 2 2 7 Societies Total 36 10 NB: The figure in bracket indicates number of beds in the health institution Source: RGI The data given in the above table reveals that the study area is still lacking in basic amenities like affordable health facilities, educational institutions, sanitation and safe drinking water, paved roads etc.
3.17.10.0 ASSESSMENT OF LIKELY SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT 3.17.10.1 Impact on Population Composition In general no impact is envisaged on the population composition of the study area as there will be no in-migration or out-migration of villagers. Since all the workers will be recruited locally in-migration of people in search of job in the proposed mining project is not expected. Similarly, chances of out migration of people due to environmental degradation resulting from mining activities are remote as sand is not so lethal even if it is handled loosely. Hence, there will be no negative impact on the population composition of the study area. If on the other hand, the project proponent is compelled to recruit few highly skilled workers from outside the study area the impact on population composition will be insignificant.
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3.17.10.2 Impact on Employment For removal of Sand from the river bed the project proponent intends to recruit the local people. The total number of people to be recruited will depend upon quantity of minerals to be extracted over a period of time. In the initial years the number of such people will be less but gradually it will go up when the extraction of minerals will pick up. It has been worked out that193 workers will be engaged for the operation of the mine to achieve the targeted production of one million ton per annum. Of the total number of workers to be engaged for the extraction of the mineral 11 will be highly skilled, 157 skilled, 20 Semi-skilled and five un-skilled workers. The overall in charge of the project will be a First class Manager having adequate experiences. Besides providing direct employment to the local people there will be indirect employment for about 100 persons in the service sector, who too are either Semi-Skilled and or Un-skilled workers. Thus 98 percent of the workers to be recruited for the purpose are either semi-skilled or un-skilled workers. This is a positive impact of the proposed mining project. It is expected that total number of workers in the study area will increase by 0.17 percent when the project will be in operation. The table and figure below provides category wise manpower proposed to be deployed by the project proponent during the functioning of the mine. Table 3.27: Category wise distribution of manpower to be deployed during the operation of the mine Sr. No. Manpower Description Skilled/Semi Number % to total Skilled/Unskilled number of persons recruited (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) A Formal Workers 1 Mining Engineer Skilled 1 0.3 2 Mining Foreman Skilled 10 3.4 3 JCB/Dumper Driver Skilled 150 51.2 4 Labor Semi-Skilled 20 6.8 5 Clerical & Other Staffs Skilled 5 1.7 6 Security Guard & Un-Skilled 5 1.7 Water Man 7 Environment Assistant Skilled 2 0.7 Total (A) - 193 65.9 B Informal Workers Semi-Skilled & 100 34.1 Un-skilled Total (A&B) 293 100
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Figure 3.15: Category wise distribution of manpower to be deployed during the operation of the mine
Category wise distribution of manpower to be deployed during the operation of the mine 0% 3% Mining Engineer 34% Mining Foreman
JCB/Dumper Driver
Labor
1% Clerical & Other Staffs
2% 51% Security Guard & Water Man Environment Assistant 2% 7% Informal Workers
3.17.10.3 Increased Supply of sand for end use The Sand has about 200 uses. It serves as an excellent material for mortar or concrete work. It is used in the manufacture of sheet glass, water filtration etc. Due to poor supply of Sand many building and infrastructure projects are facing unwarranted delay resulting to cost escalation and job loss for labour. With the commencement of the proposed Bilara Sand mining project there will be increased supply of sand in Rajasthan and adjoining states. This will give boost to the construction activities and other sand based industries in the region. Uninterrupted supply of this important raw material is essential for infrastructure development of the state and for greater employment opportunities for local jobless. This is a positive impact of the project.
3.17. 10.4 Scope for promotion of sand based industries in the study area. With increased supply of sand the prospective entrepreneurs shall have the opportunity to set up sand based industrial units for manufacturing Resin Coated Sand for use in foundries, Sheet/Flat glass, sand bags, bricks, paints etc. This will generate additional employment opportunities for jobless in the region. This is a positive impact of the project.
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3.17.10.5 Impact on Approach Roads Movement of trucks, dumpers and other vehicles to and fro the quarry site is expected to increase substantially, when the mine will start production. The existing approach roads connecting the quarry with the national and state highways are narrow and uneven. There will be mud slides and traffic bottle necks if the road is not widened and their surface conditions are not improved to support heavy truck dumper traffic. Hence, there is a wide scope for road development in the area. This is a positive impact of the project.
3.17.10.6 Impact on Agriculture The mine lease area is a government land and no agriculture is carried on in it. Hence, damage to agriculture carried on in the lease area does not arise at all. The crops grown on both sides of the river too will not be adversely affected since mining will remain concentrated on the river bed. Hence, there will be no adverse effect on crop production in the study area.
3.17.10.7 Flood Control & protection to life and property The study area is exposed to annual flood resulting to destruction of life and property. Due to proposed mining the river channel will become deep enough to hold the excess water that flows into the river during the rainy season. This will stop overflowing of the river submerging the fertile land on both sides of the river bank. In this way the proposed riverbed mining will save the standing crops and thousands of people and their property from the vagaries of annual floods. This is a positive impact of the project.
3.17.10.8 Impact on consumption pattern of the local people The mining project plans provide gainful employment to 193 people direct and indirect employment to about 100 people. This will add to their household income, and bring a positive change in their consumption pattern. The quality of life will improve to those households who will be benefitted by getting employment in the above mining project. This is a positive impact of the project.
3.17.10.9 Impact on State Income The upcoming mining project will make positive impact on state’s economy as state’s revenue will increase due to higher collection of royalty, dead rent, taxes and fees. It has been estimated that the state exchequer will be richer by Rs.18.21 crores annually by collecting royalty from the operator of the mine. This has been worked out by multiplying the sale price of mineral by rate of royalty (in percentage) and total quantity of mineral produced/ dispatched. It is a positive and direct impact of the project on State’s Gross Domestic product (SGDP).
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3.17.10.10 Impact on Law & Order As local people will be employed to run the quarry, no law & order problem is envisaged. It is expected that the workers will attend to their duties from their residences and return to their homes after the day’s work is over. There would have ethnic issues and subsequent law & order problem if the workers were migrants and lived in shanties close to the mining area. However, to meet any untoward incident police posts may be set up close to the project area.
3.17.10.11 Check on illegal mining Illegal sand extraction in the riverbed has far reaching impacts on the society as it creates disturbances in the social well being of the people. There are instances of indiscriminate violation of ‘Illegal Mining Rules’ framed by various state governments. This has resulted to increase in the instances of conflicts in the area. Majority of the people who are engaged in illegal sand mining activities are outsiders with criminal backgrounds. They force the local people in different ways to sell their lands for extraction of sand and those who oppose them are physically attacked. Conflict between the criminal groups for the monopoly of sand mining is a usual scene in many areas across the country and in many cases it is fatal. In such cases the common people are helpless as they are often threatened by the mafias. Further, illegal mining brings windfall gain to the sand mafias resulting to conspicuous expenditures especially on drinking, which again causes law and order problem in the mining area and its surrounding areas. Thus illegal mining not only bring loss to the Government revenue but also create law and order problems in the mining area. The proposed mining project at Bilara, district Jodhpur, Rajasthan has legal backing since the lease has been granted by the Government and the miner will start operating the mine after the receipt of environment clearance and other permissions from the Government. Such projects with legal backing are expected to put a check on illegal mining and siphoning of government revenue.
3.17.10.12 Impact on Health Mining is always a health hazard and extraction of Sand is no exception to that. The major health problem originates from mining of sand is the generation of dust and other pollutants. It exposes communities to airborne particulate matter that damages lungs of infants, children, elderly persons and those with existing health problems. This must be checked with the commencement of mining activity, otherwise it will lead to permanent respiratory diseases. Under community health programmes, the mine operators are encouraged to invest in the building of healthcare infrastructure like hospitals, clinics, health education resources, emergency response personnel and equipment, doctors, nurses and hygienists. Given below are few steps to be taken up by the mine operator to meet any health hazard during the course of mining practices.
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3.17.10.12.1 Safe work environment The project proponent ensures health and safety of all the employees at work. He intends to provide and maintain a safe work environment and ensures that the machinery and equipment in use is safe for employees. He further ensures that work arrangements are non-hazardous to employees.
3.17.10.12.2 Provision of First Aid: There will be provision for First Aid and the first aiders will be well trained in handling patients working in mines.
3.17.10.12.3 Regular health examination: Periodical medical examination as per Mines Rule 1955 will be undertaken for all the mine workers. Regular health examination will be compulsory for all workers engaged in extraction of minerals. The regular health examination will cover treatment of serious back injury; existing asthma or respiratory diseases, existing skin diseases, lung function test (pre and post ventolin), Audiograms, Chest X- ray etc.
3.17.10.12.4 No work for temporal disabilities: The workers having temporary disability will stop doing the job till he/she recovers from disabilities.
3.17.10.12.5 Health Education: Adequate health education and information related to the job will be provided to the workers. Baseline health information will be recorded for future references.
3.17.10.12.6 Tie up with the nearest hospital for medical help: To meet the medical needs of the mine workers tie-ups with nearest hospitals will be made. Efforts will be made to reserve few beds in the above hospitals for the workers of the upcoming mining project. This will ensure timely medical aid to the affected persons. 10.12.7 Supply of Mask, Gloves etc:
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The workers in the sand mine are subject to respiratory diseases. For protection from dust it will be made compulsory for all workers to wear masks and gloves, while working in the mine.
3.17.10.12.8 Administration of Anti-venom injections: Provision of Anti-venom therapy will be made available for administration to the workers in case of snake, spider and insect bites, while working in the mine.
3.17.10.12.9 Special telephone number: A special telephone number will be made available to the workers in case of emergency so that they can dial the same for medical assistances. Further, efforts will be made to provide vehicles to the patients in short duration for shifting to the health institutions.
3.17.10.12.10 Special Group Insurance Scheme: All the mine workers will be covered under a Group Insurance Scheme of LIC or any other Insurance company to achieve economic objectives and social obligations.
3.17.11.0 PERCEPTION OF LOCAL PEOPLE During the course of site visit people living in the villages close to the mining site were requested to express their perception about the up-coming mining project at Bilara. Almost all of them overwhelmingly supported the project and insisted that it should start operating without delay. They offered full cooperation to the project proponent in the development of the mine and its unblemished operation. They however, wanted full assurance from the lease holder on the following issues: a) All the persons to be deployed for extraction of sand should be recruited locally and in no case outsiders will be recruited for the purpose. b) The mud road connecting the quarry with the Tar road should be well maintained and there should not be any pothole or uneven surface. This will ensure speedy transportation of sand from the quarry to the end users. Further, there will be no piling up for future transhipment. c) The local communities should be involved while implementing the CSR activities. People in the study area also demanded that mining should be done all the year round and continuously since the mineral never gets exhausted due to regular replenishment.
3.17.12.0 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to responsibility of a company to ensure positive impact on environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of public sphere. It is a new concept in the mining sector and the companies are still going through the learning curve. The CSR activities are
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increasingly taken up by the project proponents not only as fulfilling of mandatory provisions but also for the formation and or enhancement of brand image. Besides the above, CSR is seen more as a responsibility towards society rather than a business promotion activity. It is the need of the day for expansion of occupational welfare. The project proponent of the upcoming Sand mining project has already identified the activities, which are proposed to be undertaken for the benefits of the local community. This will not only improve the socio-economic status of the people but also enhance the reputation of the project proponent among the general public. The project proponent proposes to spend Rs.7.5 lakhs in five years for which the lease has been granted. Based on ‘Community Needs Survey’ conducted in the study area the following activities are proposed to be taken up for the benefits of the local community. 1)Health camps for local community 2)Financial assistance to schools for construction and maintenance of toilets separately for males and females. 3) Self-help groups (microfinance for women and farmers). 4) Grant of scholarship to meritorious girl students belonging to Schedule caste & Schedule tribe community 5) Repair of wells, tube wells and hand pumps
Tentative year wise allocation of funds for the above activities proposed to be taken up by the project proponent is provided in the table below:
Table3.28: Year wise allocation of funds for the various activities proposed to be taken up by the mine owner S. No Activities Allocation of fund (Rs. Lakhs) Year1 Year Year Year4 Year 5 Total 2 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 Health camps for local 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 1.50 community 2 Financial assistance to 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 2.50 schools for construction and maintenance of toilets separately for males and females. 3 Self-help groups 0.50 - 0.50 - 0.50 1.50 (microfinance for women and farmers). 4 Grant of scholarship to 0.30 - 0.30 - 0.30 0.90 meritorious girl students
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belonging to Schedule caste community 5. Repair of wells, tube 0.40 - 40 - 0.30 1.10 wells and hand pumps Total 2.00 0.80 2.00 0.80 1.90 7.50
All the activities listed above for community development will be implemented in close collaboration with the village pradhans. The Project proponent may avail the services of a NGO in this regard.
3.17.13.0 CONCLUSION During the course of the study a number of factors were identified, which are expected to influence the socio-economic life of the people in the study area, when the mining project is under implementation. Though most of them are positive impacts but there are few negative impacts. The positive impacts are expected to enhance the quality of life of the people. The implementation of the Bilara Sand (Bajri) Mining project will generate both direct and indirect employment for the local jobseekers. Besides the above it will bring a check on illegal mining in the district. Since the quarries have been allotted by the Government on lease basis, mining operation will be legally valid and it will bring additional income to the state exchequer in the form of royalty and dead rent. It is expected that intending entrepreneurs will venture to set up micro and small scale units in the near future making the area a mixed society, dependent on industry, trade and business. At present agriculture is the main occupation of the people. With the implementation of the proposed mining project the occupational pattern of the people in the area will change making more people engaged in industrial and business activities rather in agriculture. Thus there will be a gradual shifting of population from agriculture to mining and industry. It thus proves that “Sand Mining activities have significant socio-economic impacts on livelihoods of local communities. However, care has to be taken to discourage illegal mining that results to social tension, conflicts and alcoholism that may pose a threat to the well being of the people living in the neighbourhoods of the mining area. Under the CSR programme thrust has been given on Self-help groups (microfinance for women and farmers) and construction of toilets in village schools. Accordingly, tentative allocation has been made.
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CHAPTER – IV ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 INTRODUCTION Any human activity in any environment produces impact, modifying it to a status which is considered adverse or beneficial according to the damage or improvement it brings about in physical, chemical and biological status of air, water, land including biota and in socio-cultural life styles and economy of the populace it affects. Depending on the nature of activities and existing status, the impacts are assessed for their importance. On the basis of the impact analysis, the mitigating action and future monitoring requirement are focused in the Environmental Management Plan for counting or minimizing adverse impacts.
Effects of this mining project on each of the environmental parameters are detailed below in accordance with the parameter of environment likely to be affected. - Climate - Air environment - Land environment - Ecology - Water environment - Noise levels - Soil - Socio-economic environment - Cultural and Heritage environment
Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or secondary. Primary impacts are those which can be attributed directly to the project. On the indirect or induced and typically include the associated investments and change patterns of social and economic by the proposed actions.
4.2 TOPOGRAPHY & DRAINAGE 4.2.1 Topography Topography of the surrounding area will remain unchanged. No change in topography of applied mining lease area, beacause due to removal of sand, temporary pits will be generated and it will be replenished during the monsoon.
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4.2.2 Drainage Drainage pattern of the area is dendritic. The applied lease area is part of Gair mumkin Luni nadi, & Mitri nadi, and their Tributaries. The drainage pattern of the lease area is from ENE to WSW. Systematic mining i.e. removal of sand will be done as per approved mining plan. So there will be no impact on the drainage pattern.
Mitigation Measures The mine working will be confined to river bed only and in no case disturbing any surface area outside which may affect topography or drainage. Proposed Mining blocks for removal of sand will change the topography of river bed on temporary basis,which will be temporary and in monsoon itself will be restored to original position. Mining will be done in a planned way i.e. removal and collection of minerals/working shall be started from the centerpart and then laterally in 3 meter thickness, so that the river course will not get affected. Unwanted material including mineral or spillage (if any) will not be stacked on the bank side as it will hinder the flow of water in monsoon season. The removal and collection of sand from river bed will not have any impact on natural drainage of surrounding area as the removedBajri from river bed is filled with flow in river during monsoon season.
4.3 IMPACTS ON CLIMATE 4.3.1 Temperature The temperature pattern is a regional behavior and is not likely to be affected by the river bed mining activity over a small area. Some local effect may be perceived due to mining, afforestation and creation of voids in the applied lease area. 4.3.2Rainfall The trend of rainfall, as studied and discussed in last chapter, forms part of a regional pattern, not dependent on the relatively small area of river bed mining activity. The mining operation, therefore, is not likely to have any adverse impact on rainfall pattern. 4.3.3 Wind Speed The wind speed in any area is dependent upon local topography and generation of elevation and depression of pressure changes in the region. The controlling factors for the pressure changes lie much beyond the control of small area under mining operations. Thus, no adverse impact on the regional wind speed is anticipated due to the mining operations. However, some local ground level changes may take place due to the buildings, green belt developed around the mine, etc.
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4.3.4 Humidity
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The pattern of relative humidity depends mainly on the rainfall, wind, temperature and other weather phenomenon that regional in behavior. The mining operation is not likely to have any impact on the relative humidity inthe surrounding.
4.4 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT 4.4.1 Impactthrough Mathematical Modeling for Sand Mining Project As explained in the previous chapter, the ambient air quality monitoring results show that all the parameters such as PM10, SO2, and NOx are within the limits prescribed by CPCB for “Industrial and Mixed use” areas as well as areas meant for “Residential and Rural” areas.
The major contribution of air pollution is by river bed mining, such as excavation, loading, transportation, and handling of Bajri.This will lead to momentary rise in the particulate matter (PM10). The dust liberated in mining and other related operations is injurious to heath if inhaled in sufficient quantity.
4.4.2 AirQuality Modeling The impact of the expansion on the air quality has been predicated using Fugitive Dust Model(FDM),which is a computerized air quality model specifically designed for computing concentration and deposition impacts from fugitive dust sources. The sources may be point, line or area sources. The model has not been designed to compute the impacts of buoyant point sources, thus it contains no plume rise algorithm. The model is generally based on the well-known Gaussian Plume formulation for computing concentrations, but the model has been specifically adapted to incorporate an improved gradient transfer deposition algorithm. Emissions for each source are apportioned by the user into a series of particle size classes. A gravitational setting velocity and a deposition velocity are calculated by FDM for each class. 4.4.3 Pollutants / Model Options Considered for Computations The model simulations deal with major Pollution Particulate Matter (PM10) and gaseous emissions viz. SO2 & NO2.
4.4.4 Meteorological Data Data recorded by continuous weather monitoring station on wind speed, direction, and temperature at one hour interval for the monitoring period was used as meteorological input.
4.4.5 Presentation of result
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In the present case model simulations have been carried using the hourly triple joint frequency data. Short – term simulations were carried to estimate concentration at the receptors to obtain an optimum description of variations in concentrations over the site in 10-km radius covering 16 directions.The incremental concentration is estimated for the monitoring period. For each time scale, i.e. for 24 hr. the model computes the highest concentration observed during the period over all the measurement points. Dust emission rate from the applied mining area, based on the following empirical formula. a) Dust emission due to excavation: Pa x 23.6 Dust emission (DE) = ------Wd x Wh x 1000
DE = Dust emission in kg/hr. Pa = Annual Excavation in Tonnes Wd = No. of days of operation in a year Wh = Effective working hrs. in a day
About 23.6 Quantity of dust emitted in kg/for 1000 tonnes of excavation Dust emission rate= (40, 00,000 x23.6)/ 295x8x1000) = 40.Kg/hr.
The above mentioned emission rate is without adoption of dust control measures. The literature suggests that dust control measures reduce the emissions and effective emission rate is one third of the computed emission. Accordingly emission rate to be in the modeling is (40/3) i.e. 13.33 kg/hr.
Mine Dimensions The mine dimensions are as follows: Applied lease Area = 2439 hectare
Meteorological Data On site hourly meteorological data for winter months (Dec 2013 to Feb. 2014) in respect of wind speed, wind direction, temperature and cloud amount are utilized in this study. The data was put in model format. The mixing heights have been extracted from CPCB publications.
Modeling Procedure Methodology: Prediction of ground level concentrations (glc’s) due to mining have been made by Industrial Source Complex, Short Term (ISCST3) as per CPCB guidelines. ISCST3 is US-EPA approved model to predict the air quality. The model uses rural dispersion and regulatory defaults options as per guidelines on air quality models (PROBES/70/1997-1998). The model assumes receptors on undulating
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and hilly. This model is capable of handling point, area, and line sources simultaneously.
Meteorological inputs required are hourly wind speed and direction ambient temperature, stability class, mixing height and wind exponents. The model details follow.
Gaussian Plume Model Ground Level Concentration , from a point source at any receptor under unlimited mixing is given by (USEPA ISCST3, 1987). Qg1g2 = (2 yzu) where, g1 = exp(-y2/2y2) g2 = exp[-(z-H)2/2z2] + exp[-(z+H)2/2z2]
In unstable or neutral conditions if z > 1.6 L (limited mixing) the distribution below the mixing height is uniform with height provided that both the effective height H, and the receptor height z are below the mixing height Qg1 = In unstable(yLu 2 case ) or neutral conditions when z < 1.6 L
Qg1 = (2 yzu)
Where, Q = source strength Z = receptor height above the ground u = wind speed L = mixing height and y &z = dispersion parameters g3 = exp[-(z-H+2NL)2/2z2] + exp[-(z+H+2NL)2/2z2]
Evaluation with N the number of reflections, varying from –4 to +4 is usually sufficient Stability Classification Hourly stability is determined by wind direction fluctuation method as suggested by Slade(1965)and recommended by CPCB (PROBES/70/1997-1998). = Wdr/6
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, is standard deviation of wind direction fluctuation, Wdr is the overall wind direction fluctuation or width of the wind direction in degrees. The table for stability classes is given as under.
Stability Class (degree) A > 22.5 B 22.4 – 17.5 C 17.4 – 12.5 D 12.4 – 7.5 E 7.4 – 3.5 F < 3.5
Dispersion Parameters
Dispersion parameters y and z for open country conditions (Briggs, 1974) are used as the project is locatedon a flat terrain in a rural area. Atmospheric dispersion coefficients vary with downwind distance (x) from emission sources for different atmospheric stability conditions. (CPCB – PROBES/70/1997-98).
Rural Conditions Stability Class y z A 0.22x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.20x B 0.16x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.12x C 0.11x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.08x(1+0.0002x).5 D 0.08x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.06(1+0.0015x).5 E 0.06x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.03x(1+0.0003x)-1 F 0.04x(1+0.0001x)-.5 0.16x(1+0.0003x)-1
Ambient Air Quality Standards Ambient air quality standards promulgated by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for all type of land uses for the relevant air quality parameters are as follows: Concentration (g/m3)
PM10 SO2 NOx 100 80 80
Plan and frame work of computations
Selection of locations
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The locations have been selected around the applied area covering an area of 10 km radius from the centre of applied lease area. The entire area has been put on grid network and grid spacing has been taken as 500 m.
Plan of computation
The emission rate, dispersion coefficients and other input data being now available; it was planned to compute the following: The 24 hourly averaged incremental concentration with hourly data. Identification of grid point having peak concentration for the incremental values.
Preparation of isopleths of for various pollutants.
Predicted ambient air quality
With a wide fluctuation in meteorological parameters it is a complex task to predict post project ambient air quality. With available ambient air quality data and incremental concentrations computed through mathematical modeling the post project ambient air quality.
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FIGURE 4.1: GROUND LEVEL CONCENTRATION OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY IN OPERATION PHASE OF 10 Km FOR PM10(NORTH BLOCK)
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Mitigation measures To control the emissions regular preventive maintenance of transportation vehicle will be carried out on contractual basis. Proper mitigation measures like water sprinkling will be adopted to control dust emissions. Plantation will be carried out on approach roads & nearby vicinity of river bank. It is being ensured that all transportation vehicles will carry a valid PUC certificate. There is no toxic element present in the mineral which may contaminate the soil.
(a) During Drilling & Blasting No drilling & blasting is involved in this project. (b) During Transport Operations All the haul roads will be kept leveled, wide and compacted. Regular water spraying will be done on haul roads in the applied mining area. In order to reduce dust pollution, green belt will be developed.
4.5 IMPACT ON NOISELEVEL The exposures to excessive noise levels can lead to: Prevention of sleep, insomnia and fatigue. Decrease in speech reception, communication, distraction and diminished concentration thus adversely affecting job performance efficiency. Chronic psychological disturbance including impaired hearing. Irreparable cardiovascular, respiratory andneuralgic damages in certain extreme cases. The area is general representscalm surroundings. There is no heavy traffic, industries or noisy habitation in theapplied area. With the increase in scale of mining operations, vehicles operation and men, noise levels are expected to be increased.
Mitigation Measures Periodical monitoring of noise will be done. No other equipment’s except the transportation vehicleswill be allowed. Noise generated by the transportation vehicles shall be intermittent and does not cause much adverse impact. Proper maintenance of transportation vehicles will be carried out which help in reducing noise during operations. Plantation will be taken up along the approach roads and vicinity of river bank. The plantation minimizes propagation of noise and also arrests dust.
4.6 IMPACT ON HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS
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The applied lease area is itself being part of River Gair mumkin Luni nadi, & Mitri nadi, and their Tributaries .The flow of ground water (sub surface flow) is following the trend of topography, which is in the ENE to WSW. The proposed working area remains dry for more than nine months in a year except for the rainy season. The mining of Bajri will be done up to a depth of 3mt, which will have insignificant impact on water regime.
The ground water table in the applied area is about 2.10-77.94 (Pre-monsoon) mbgl and 0.30-70.80 mbgl (Post-monsoon)meters below the surface of river bed.It will not be disturbed as ultimate working depth will be 3.0m from the surface level. Thus the mine operation will not affect the hydrological conditions of the area. Every year during the monsoon season, the rain water would replenish the removed material, thus it will be positive impact on the ground water scenario in the subsequent mining period.
4.7 IMPACT ON WATER QUALITY The proposed project is for removal of bajari from the river bed up to a depth of 3 mtrs only, which will not have any impact on the water quality.
Mitigation Measures Removal of sand in the area will be done well above the water table as well as river bed water level therefore; no impact on water regime is anticipated. The river bed level while the workings in the area are proposed up to a max. depth of 3m. So that water level is not touched. No waste water will be generated from the proposed activity, as the project only involves removal/collection of Bajri from river bed.
4.8 IMPACT ON FLORA (Core & Buffer Zone) 4.8.1 Impacts As the mining activities will be confined to core zone only, no adverse impact is foreseen on the flora of buffer zone. The proposed project involves removal/collection of sand from river bed, construction of approach road & office which will not have any impact on the flora of core zone. 4.8.2 Mitigation Measures Working will be done in such a way that it will not affect the flora.Plantation will be carried out on approach roads and nearby vicinity at river banks areas will, over a period of time, to upgrade the flora.
4.9 IMPACT ON FAUNA(Core & Buffer Zone) 4.9.1 Impact No impact on the fauna is anticipated as removal/collection of sand will be done in the dry part of the proposed blocks of applied area. No endangered species found in the applied lease area. 4.9.2 Mitigation Measures The impact on the fauna due to the removal/collection of sand will be negligible. Working will be confined to core zone only by manual means and fauna in the
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core zone is minimal. Even so, by restricting mining at any time to small areas, impact on fauna will be kept to the minimum. However, progressive plantation activity being undertaken will over a period of time create conditions favorable for fauna.
4.10 IMPACT ON LAND ENVIRONMENT 4.10.1 Land Use in Buffer Zone No adverse impact is anticipated on land use of buffer zone due to the proposed mining operations, as all the related activities are confined to the core zone.
4.10.2Impact on land use pattern including change of river course If the mining is not carried out in a systematic manner by leaving sufficient safety barriers from bank then it may disturb the river flow/course. Stacking of unwanted material including mineral or spillage (if any) on the bank side of the river will hinder the flow of water in monsoon season, raise water level upstream, which may lead to bank cutting or flouting. Deviation from planned mining procedures can lead to river channel shifting as well as degradation of surrounding land, causing loss of properties and degradation of landscape. Removal/collection of sand within a river bed may have some impact on the stream’s physical characteristics, such as channel geometry, bed elevation in stream roughness of the bed, flow velocity, discharge capacity, sediment transportation capacity etc. Alteration or modification of the above attributes may cause noticeable hazardous impact on ecological equilibrium of riverine regime.
Mitigation Measures Removal/collection of sand will be done from central part of river bed and sufficient safety barrier say 10% of width will be left towards bank side. So that the river flow/course will not get disturbed. Removal/collection of sand will be started from dip side towards rise at the center and also laterally in 3 meter slice so that the river course will not get affected. Unwanted material or spillage (if any) will not be stacked by the side of the excavation voids created. This is to be done so, because it will otherwise hinder the flow of water in monsoon season. Removal/collection of sandwill be done by leaving safety barrier on both sides and maximum barrier should be on concave side of river preferably the flow channel (excavation void created) should be kept straight so as to help avoid erosion as side cutting.
4.10.3 Land Degradation Control Measures The present land use, land use after 5 years working land use of the applied leasehold area is given in below table.
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TABLE 4.1: LAND USE PATTERN PRE – EXISTING &UP TO END OF LEASE PERIOD (5 YEARS) (IN HECTARE) S. No. Particulars Present At the end of 5th land use year (ha.) (ha.) 1 Quarry Area 8.40 0.00 2 Infrastructure (road/ material 3.40 3.40 handing / stockyard) 3 River bed( mined and natural --- 421.65 reclamation by rain water born sediments ) 4 Plantation area including green belt ----- 50.00 5 Undisturbed land including 2427.20 1963.95 restricted are along roads bridges, culverts etc 2439 2439
4.11 IMPACT ON SOIL No soil cover exists in the core zone so there will be impact. No impact on soil of the buffer zone is envisaged due to Removal/collection of sand,as fugitive emission shall remain confined within working area/haul road and emission will be controlled by water sprinkling and plantation.
4.12 IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 1) Impact on Population Composition 2) Impact on Employment 3) Increased Supply of Sand for end use. 4) Scope for promotion based industries in the study area. 5) Impact on Agriculture 6) Flood control & protection to life and property 7) Impact on Consumption pattern of the local People. 8) Impact on State Imcome. 9) Impact on Law & Oder. 10) Check on illegal Mining 11) Impact on Health 12) Safe work Environment 13) Provision for First Aid
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TABLE 4.2: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT MATRIX Environmental Aspect of Setting & Potential impacts Mitigation measures Operation baseline Fugitive Emissions Effective water 1. Ore handling & Noise sprinklers 1. Air Fugitive Emissions Effective water 2.Transportation & Noise sprinklers The Regional emissions well ------within norms Provision of reducing 1. Contamination 2. Water turbidity & SS 1. Ore excavation Existing water 2. Altered Provision of rain water quality is hydrologic regime harvesting potable
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CHAPTER – V ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
5.1. INTRODUCTION Consideration of alternatives to a project proposal is a requirement of EIA process. During the scoping process, alternatives to a proposal can be considered or refined, either directly or by reference to the key issues identified. A comparison of alternatives helps to determine the best method of achieving the project objectives with minimum environmental impacts or indicates the most environmentally friendly and cost effective options. 5.2. FACTOR BEHIND THE SELECTION OF PROJECT SITE The proposed project is mining unit for the removal/collectionof sand from Gair mumkin Luni nadi, Mitri nadi, their Tributaries of Tehsil: Bilara, District: Jodhpur, Rajasthan.The letter of Intent has been granted by State Govt.The proposed mining lease area has following advantages:- The applied mining area occurs in a non-forest area. The required material is found in the sound quality/quantity in the applied area. There is no habitation within the applied lease area; hence no R & R issues exist. The river bed (proposed mining blocks of applied mining lease area) remains dry accepts the monsoon season. Availability of skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled workers in this region. All the basic amenities such as medical, firefighting, education, transportation, Communication and infrastructural facilities are accessible. Applied area hasgood connectivity through road and rail. The nearest highway is NH-112, SH-58, SH -21 and SH -61. The proposed mining operations will be restricted up to a depth of 3 mtr which will not intersect the ground water level. Hence, no impact on ground water environment. 5.3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITE No alternatives are suggested as the proposed project is site specific as per the occurrence of material.
5.4. FACTOR BEHIND SELECTION OF PROPOSED TECHNOLOGY Open cast semi-mechanized mining operation method will be used for the removal of sand from the proposed blocks. The proposed method is suitable for the area as:- As the material deposition is superficial and not deeply embedded, therefore opencast method of working is preferred. There is lesser chance of subsidence in case of opencast mining. As there is no soil cover/OB in the area. The material will be loaded by light weight excavator totrucks& will be sold directly to the buyers. M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining
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5.5. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY Open cast-semi mechanized method has been selected for this project. This technology is having least gestation period, economically viable, safest and less labour intensive. The method has inbuilt flexibility for increasing or decreasing the production as per market condition. =====********======
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CHAPTER – VI ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
6.1 INTRODUCTION Success of any environmental management programme dependsupon the efficiency of the organizational set up responsible for Implementation of the programme. Post project monitoring is an essential part to check the impact of any project activity. Hence monitoring of various environmental parameters will be carried out a regular basis to ascertain the following: To assess environmental impacts. State of pollution within the mine lease and in its vicinity. Planning for predictive or corrective actions in respect of pollution to keep it within permissible limits. Examine the efficiency of pollution control system adopted at the site. Monitoring will be carried out at side as per the statutory requirements. Environmental monitoring will be taken up for various environmental components as per conditions stipulated in Environmental Clearance Letter issued by MOEF&CC& Consent to operate issued by the State Pollution Control Board. Compliance of same will be submitted to respective authorities on regular basis.
6.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL In order to maintain the environmental quality within the stipulated standard, regular monitoring of various environmental component is necessary which will complied as per condition for this an Environmental Management team be constituted.
6.2.1 Hierarchical System Apart from having an EMP, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring its effective implementation. We will undertake to monitor the environmental pollution levels by measuring ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise levels etc. by appointing external agencies. We will ensure that the pollution is limited to allowable values and to take corrective action if required. In case the monitored results of environmental pollution are found to exceed the allowable values, the Environmental Management Cell will suggest remedial action and get these suggestions implemented through the concerned Departments. The Environmental Management cell will also coordinate all the related activities such as collection of statistics of health of workers and population of the region, afforestation and green belt development.
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The proposed organizational chart for environmental management FIGURE 6.1: ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
Environmental Management Cell
Chief Executive officer
Env. Officer(M.Sc. Env Geologist /Mines ).Sc) Manager/Assi.M.M
Monitoring of Air, Noise, Soil and Water
6.2.2ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY: Project proponent is committed to providing a quality service in a manner that ensures a safe and healthy workplace for employees and minimizes potential impact on the environment. They will operate in compliance with all relevant environmental legislation and strive to use pollution prevention and environmental best practices. The Applicant will:- Integrate the consideration of environmental concerns and impacts into all the decision making & activities. Promote environmental awareness among the employees and encourage them to work in an environmentally responsible manner. Trained, educate and inform our employees about environmental issues that may affect their work. Where required by legislation or where significant health, safety or environmental hazards exist, develop and maintain appropriate emergency and spill response programmes. Strive to continually improve our environmental performance and minimize the social impact and damage of activities by periodic review of environmental policy in light of current and planned future activities.
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6.3 RESPONSIBILITIES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT TEAM (EMT) The said team is responsible for: 1. Collecting water and air samples, work zone monitoring for air pollutants. 2. Analyzing the water and air samples. 3. Implementing the control and protective measures. 4. Coordinating the environment related activities within the project as well as with outside agencies. 5. Collecting statistics on health of workers and population of surroundings villages. 6. Green belt development etc. 7. Monitoring and evaluating the progress of implementation of environmental management programme.
6.4 MONITORING SCHEDULEAND PARAMETERS To evaluate the effectiveness of environmental management programme, regular monitoring of the important environment parameters will be taken up. The schedule, duration and parameters to be monitored are shown in table:
TABLE 6.1: MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS Monitoring Duration Particulars Important Monitoring Parameters Frequencies of Station Surface / pH, SS, TDS, Iron, Hardness, Once in a Ground Grab Alkalinity Chlorides, Nitrates year water Sulphate & Flourides Ambient air Once in a 24 hr. PM , SO and NO monitoring Quarter. 10 x x Noise Once in a 8 hr. Level in dB(A) and dB(C) Monitoring quarter Soil Once in a PH, Conductivity, Sulphate, Nitrate, Grab Sampling year Phosphates, Alkalinity & texture.
6.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT The below table give overall investment on the environmental safeguards and recurring expenditure for successful monitoring and implementation of control measures.
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TABLE 6.2: COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (Investment and Recurring cost Rs. Lakh) Sr. No Particulars Proposed Capital Proposed Rec. Cost / cost in lakh annum in lakh
1. Pollution monitoring 5.00 2.0 2 Water Sprinkling 4.5 1.4 3 Plantation including 10.0 2.8 maintenance 4 Haul road and other roads repair and maintenance 4.00 1.2
5 Occupational Health 3.5 1.0
5 Miscellaneous (fencing, 3.0 0.9 water sprinkling etc.)
Total 30.0 9.3
Total investment on environmental improvement works envisaged is Rs. 30 lakhs and recurring expenditure during the stage of production is Rs. 9.3 lakhs per year.
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CHAPTER – VII ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 INTRODUCTION The proposed project is for the mining (removal of sand), from the river bed of Luni and Mitri river by opencast semi-mechanized method of mining. As per the EIA notification 2006, before the establishment of project public consultation, Risk assessment & social impact assessment due to project has to be addressed, which are as follows: 7.2 PUBLIC CONSULTATION Public notice for the public hearing was published in two daily news papers, “INDIAN EXPRESS” on dated 20-02-2015 and “RAJASTHAN PATRIKA” (Hindi edition) on dated 20-02-2015. The public hearing was chaired by Shri. M.L Nehra , Additional District Collector, Jodhpur, Shri M.C Sharma, Regional Officer, Rajasthan Pollution Control Board , Jodhpur, Gaj Singh Goyal, Legal Officer, Rajasthan Pollution Control Board , Jodhpur and also attended by local peoples, during the process suggestion, objection were invited from the local people regarding the project. During the public consultation, no objection regarding the project has been received. However people are happy for the coming project as they will get employment and other facilities. Public hearing proceedings along with their attendance of the public hearing on 06-04-2015 at 12-00 NOON at Rajeev Gandhi Seva Kendra, Village Pichiyak,Gram Panchayat Pichiyak, Panchayat Samiti Bilara, Tehsil- Bilara, District – Jodhpur Rajasthan and remarks on concerns raised during public consultation dated on 06-04-2015, Minutes of public hearing is given in below table.
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Name of the person with Issues raised by the Response/Commitment of address Public Officer to Project Proponents
Mr. Sandeep Singh What will be the effect of Environment Consultant Ms Sekhawat sand mining on the Anju Saini replied that the Vill. Hanumangarh water level. mining is carried out to a depth 3 meters so there is no disturbance to the water level that is 65 to 70 meters.
Narendra Singh To conserve the Environment Consultant Ms Resident of the Village environment near river Anju Saini replied that to region trees have to be reduce the effect on planted in nearby areas environment, plantation will ,How will they be be carried out. Local planted. indigenous plants will be planted that can grow well in the region. Plantation will be carried out after every year and PP will take care of it. We request the resident of village to help us in this task. Mahendra Singh In river region, the sand Loi obtained from Rajasthan Resident of the Village mining is carried out Mining Department states beyond 3 meters. What that beyond 3 meters sand is the solution for it mining cannot be carried out. If any person is found doing so kindly lodge a complaint in the Mining Department. Ishwar Chand Sand mining is supposed The local people will be Village- Pichak to give job to people but employed in this project. Apart there are no such from it the JCB and other employment produced as such machines will be used J.C.B is used for sand from the village itself so that mining. We demand job money is deployed in the for villagers and stop the village. The PP will take full use JCB in minining. precaution and will provide There is no facility of the people with helmet and helmet water spray etc other safety goods.The PP can on top of it we have to forward your request for pay full price on the subsidized sand for common common use of sand and use of the resident of the are not rendered any villagers, because government M/s Himmat Singh Shekhawat River Bed Mining
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discount. charges the PP for these sand mining too. Will there be any There won’t be any shortage of shortage of water or not water since the mining is done due to Bajri mining? upto three metres only. We are permitted for minning upto three metres only and it will not affect the ground level water.
How should trees be According to the report planted in this area? prepared by us and the rules and regulations mentioned in it clarifies that around 50,000 plants will be planted by us in the mining area and the nearby road, hospitals, primary schools, river, etc. What will be the According to the Letter of consequence if the Intent for mining provided by mining is done below Himmat Singh Shekhawat in the 3 metres limit? which we can’t do mining above 3 metres, if it is not followed then complain would be longed in the mining department because it is mandatory according to the government instructions that we can’t do mining below 3 metres. Local residents were not given employment by In context to this issue, the the mining authorized information provided was that persons? no mining will be done by JCB so local residents will be provided employment. There will be time to time supply of water in mining area to prevent air pollution. All the workers working in mining area will be provided with all
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the facilities. The mining work will be started after the environment clearance. All the local residents will be provided cheap Bajri and in context of royality, it is the work of mining department to provide relaxation to local residents otherwise not.
1. M.L.Nehra, Additional District Collector (Jodhpur)
You all have given good suggestions and I have requested the project proponent that all the suggestions given by the villagers and the conditions in the project should be properly followed by the company. The proponent should keep one thing in mind that all the local residents should be provided enough employment in the mining area and the assurance regarding the environment should be properly followed. All the NGO’s working in this area should be given prime importance and in addition to it all the students of lower class should be provided with medical facilities, scholarship, etc. 2. M.C.SHARMA, Regional Officer (RSPCB, Jodhpur)
You all are residents of this area and since the project is also in this area, we will find the optimum solution for your problems and you will be benefited by it. You should be provided with cheap Bajri and the workers working in the mining area should be local. There should be proper care regarding the environment security since it is the major requirement of the people so it will be properly taken care. If the mining is done below 3 metres, you should inform the mining department. I would also request the project proponent that during the mining they should take care of the environment protection and if any activity is done against it, you should inform the SPCB or the MOE&F. all the difficulties in the project should be solved and project proponent should help the local residents.
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7.3 RISK ASSESSMENT AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN All types of industries face certain types of hazards which can disrupt normal activities abruptly, similarly River Bed Mining also has impending dangers or risk which need be addressed for which a disaster management plan has been formulated with an aim of taking precautionary steps to avert disasters and also to take such action after the disaster which limits the damage to the minimum. Nevertheless, the following natural problems maybe encountered during the mining operation. 1.Increase in gradient of the river – One of the most frequently occurring hazards of the river bed mining is the increase of river gradient due to haphazard mining practices. Due to selective mining in vast patches of the bed, the amount of suspended load, turbidity and velocity of the water may increase which may affect the overall behavior of the stream. 2. Dumping of waste material – the waste left from the river bed mining consists of unusable aggregates and mainly clay. The clay is generally dumped back in the mined out areas. Subsequently the clay gets mixed with stream water to results in increased turbidity and siltation downstream. 3. Water pollution – The left over aggregates are fine grained particles that are lifted easily by increase of stream water velocity. Retention times of these particles are long and quality of water is affected consequently. As per proposal made under the mining plan, during proposed working the area will be developed by means of semi-mechanized opencast mining method. Exploitation and transportation of minerals are to be carried out by excavator means. Water table will not be touched during processed working. No high risk accidents like landslides, subsidence flood etc. have been apprehended. But possibility of accidental disaster is also not ruled out. Therefore, all the statutory precautions should be taken for quick evacuation as per the Rajasthan Minor Mineral Concession Rule 1986 (amended up to Dec 24, 2013) framed under section 15 of Mines & Minerals (Development & Regulation) Act 1957). The possible risks in the case of river bed mining project are bank erosion, floods, accidents due to transportation etc. Mining and allied activities are associated with several potential hazards to both the employees and the public at large. A worker in a mine should be able to work under condition, which are adequately safe and healthy. At the same time the environmental condition should be such as not to impair his working efficiency. This is possible only when there is adequate safety in mines. Hence, safety is one of the most essential aspects of any working mine. safety of the mine and the employees will be taken care according to the mining rules & regulations, which are well defined with laid down procedure for safety, which when scrupulously followed safety is ensured not only to manpower but also to working environment.
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7.3.1 Possible Risks Due To Inundation & Its Control Mining will be done during thenon-monsoon periods; therefore problem of inundation is not likely to happen.
7.3.2 Dewatering Depth of mine is limited to 3m depth only from the river bed level whereasthe ground water level varies from 2.10-77.94 mbgl (Pre-monsoon) and 0.30- 70.80mbgl (Post-monsoon). Hence no dewatering is required.
7.3.3 Possible Risks Due To Failure of Pit Slope & Its Control Pit will be created of limited depth only i.e. 3m thus the chance of failure of pit slope does not exist.
7.3.4 Possible Risks Due To Failure of Waste Dump & Its Control No waste dump is created therefore the question of failure of waste dump does not exist. 7.3.5 Possible Risks Due To Fire & Its Control The operation does not anticipate any fire disaster.
7.3.6 Measures to Prevent Accidents Due to Trucks/Dumpers All transportation within applied mining lease working should be carried out directly under the supervision and control of the management. The vehicles will be maintained in good condition and checked thoroughly at least once a month by the competent person authorized for the purpose by the management. Road signs will be provided at each and every turning point up to the main road (wherever required). To avoid danger while reversing the equipment’s/ vehicles especially at the working place / loading points, stopper should be posted to properly guide reversing/ spotting operating, otherwise no person should be there within 10 km radius of machine. A statutory provision of the fences, constant education, training etc. will go a long way in reducing the incidents of such accidents.
7.3.6 Other Possible Measures to Avoid Risks/ Disaster Due to River Bed Mining. Unwanted material including mineral or spillage (if any) should not be stacked on the banks as it will hinder the flow of water in monsoon season. Mining of minerals / working shall be started from the center from dip to rise and then laterally in 1 Meter slice so that the river course could not get affected. Removal/collection of sand in a uniform way so that the river flow/ course shall not get disturbed. River banks will not be excavated to from access ramps.
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Only excavated river gravel should be used to deposit against the river bank to form access ramps.
Maintenance and monitoring: The area will be monitored every week by competent person and if maintenance is needed will be done as per requirement. DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN This should deal with action plan for high risk accidents like landslides, subsidence, flood, inundation in underground mines, fire, seismic activities, tailing dam failures etc. and emergency plan proposed for quick evacuation, ameliorative measures to be taken etc. The capability of lessee to meet such eventualities and the assistance to be required from the local authorities should be described. _ The shallow depth of activities in river bed mining will not involve any high risk accident due to side falls/collapse. _ The complete mining operation will be carried out under the Management and control of experienced and qualified Mines Manager having Certificate of Competency to manage the mines granted by DGMS. _ All the provisions of MMR 1986 and other laws applicable to mine will strictly be complied with. _ During heavy rainfall the mining activities will be closed. _ All persons in supervisory capacity will be provided with proper communication facilities. _ Proper coordination with Irrigation Department will be maintained so that at the time of releasing water, if any, from the dam suitable warning/information is given in advance. 7.4 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS Dry- pit mining by open cast method involves dust generation by excavation, loading and transportation of mineral. At site, during excavation and loading activity, dust is main pollutant which affects the health of workers whereas environmental and climatic conditions also generate the health problems. Addressing the occupational health hazard means gaining an understanding of the source (its location and magnitude or concentration), identifying an exposure pathway (e.g. a means to get it in contact with someone), and determination of likely a receptor (someone receiving the stuff that is migrating). Occupational hazard due to sand mining mainly comes under the physical hazards. Possible physical hazards are as below mention:- 7.4.1 Physical hazrads due to mining operations Following health related hazards were indentified due to riverbed sand mining operations to the workers:- 1. Light: - The workers may be exposed to the risk of poor illumination or excessive brightness. The effects are eye strain, headache, eye pain and lachrymation, congestion around the cornea and eye fatigue.
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2. Heat and Humidity: - The most common physical hazard is heat. The direct effects of heat exposure are burns, heat exhaustion, heat stroke and heat cramps; the indirect effects are decreased efficiency, increased fatigue and enhanced accident rates. Heat and humidity are encountered in hot and humid condition when temperatures and air temperatures increase in summer time up to 480C or above in the river bed mining area. 3. Eye Irritation: - During the high windy days in summer the sand could be the problems for eyes like itching and watering of eyes. 4. Respiratory Problems: - Large amounts of dust in air can be a health hazard, exacerbating respiratory disorders such as asthma and irritating the lungs and bronchial passages. 5. Noise Induced Hearing Loss: - Machinery is the main source of noise pollution at the mine site. 7.4.2 Medical examination schedule To minimize the health impacts PPE like dust masks, ear plugs/ muffs and other equipments will be provided for use by the work personnel. All workers will be subjected to Initial Medical Examination as per Mines Rule 1955 at the time of appointment. Periodical Medical Examination will be conducted at least once in five years. Medical camps will be organized. The detail of health check up and periodical medical examination schedule is given below. Medical Examination Schedule S.No Activities 1st Year 2nd Year 3rd Year 4th Year 5th Year 1 Initial Medical Examination (Mine Workers) a Physical Check - up - - - - b Psychological Test - - - - c Audiometric Test - - - - d Respiratory Test 2 Periodical Medical Examination (Mine Workers) a Physical Check - up - b Audiometric Test - c Eye Check - up - d Respiratory Test - 3 Medical Camp - (Mine Workers & Nearby Villagers 4 Training (Mine Workers)
Medical Follow Ups:-Work force will be divided into three targeted groupsage wise as follows:- Age Group PME as per Mine Rule 1955 Special Examination Less than 25 years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies Between 25 to 40 Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies
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Years Above 40 years Once in a Three Years In case of emergencies Medical help on top priority immediately after diagnosis/accident is the essence of preventive aspects.
7.5 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT, R&R ACTION PLAN There will be the positive impact on the villagers of the nearby villages in the form of employment, business promotion and social welfare. There is no human settlement in the applied lease area. Thus there is no impact on the human settlement and thus no R & R plan is required. ====*******====
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CHAPTER-VIII PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 INTRODUCTION Project proponentis very much conscious of their obligation to society at large. The management will help in overall socio economic development of the area. This is proposal for the production of ordinary sand (Bajri) proposed production 40,00,000 MTPA of from applied mine (Area 2439 Ha) near Tehsil: Bilara, District: Jodhpur, Rajasthan. 8.2 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE The mining activity will generate of socioeconomic benefits to the people of the area. There will be generation of employment to the local people as well as their earning will increase. Additional facilities like that educational, medical transportation etc. will be made available to the local population. Overall positive impact will be on population. Due to mining activity, increased revenue earnings in the area will lead to the development of infrastructural facilities like that transport road, schools, Hospitals etc. The lessee will contribute to the various developmental activities in all the nearby villages and will work for all round development viz., providing water supply, communication and telecommunication facilities, creating environmental awareness, imparting knowledge on agriculture, mechanization, health and sanitation and most importantly ensuring a sustainable development for the social upliftment of the habitats of the area. The promoters will also provide funds for the various development activities of the neighboring villages as and when required.
Promotion of social & economic status Applicant has contributed to the economical and social development of the area. It will provide direct employment to about 193 people and indirect employment to many more. The applicant believes in the philosophy to provide better health and medical facilities not only to their families but also to villagers.
8.3 IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE Due to proposed project direct/ indirect employment, revenue to the govt., business opportunities will be developed in the area, which will increase living standard of the people. It will ultimately leads to the improvement in the physical infrastructure facilities such as transport, road, housing, schools as well as hospitals.Due to improved earning there will be improvement in the entertainment facilities and marketing facilities with the improvement in social status.
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8.4 HEALTH & SAFETY All safety measures i.e. safety appliances, safety awards, posters, slogan related to safety etc. necessary safety equipment’s shall be provided to the workers like helmets, safety boots, dust mask, ear muffs etc.
All necessary medical facilities will be provided along river bed site. Periodical health checkup of the employees will be done. All necessary facilities will be provided as per mines Rules. Provision of rest shelters for mine workers with amenities like drinking water etc. Periodical training programme to inform the employees about their task, associated risk and safe working practices will be undertaken. 8.5 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL With mining activities, local people will have a lot of direct and indirect employment avenues opened up. There will be direct employment opportunities in the applied mine and the secondary employment will also develop in the neighboring villages by providing services to the employed manpower. Thus, the local people will enjoy the economic upliftment.
8.5.1 Management & Supervisory Personal For safe and systematic mining sufficient technical and supervisory staffs are required at applied mine site, at present non-technical & technical staffs are employed in the mine. The proposal for employment of managerial and supervisory staff has been furnished in the plan as given below. TABLE 8.1: EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL Sr. Designation No. Category No 1 Mining Engineer 1 Having First Class Managers Certificate
2 Mining Foreman 10 Having certificate from DGMS. Highly skilled
3 JCB/ Dumper Driver 150 Skilled 4 Labor 20 Semi Skilled 5 Clerical and other staff 5 Skilled 6 Security Guard & Water man 5 Unskilled
Environment Assistant 2 Skilled Total 193
Mining operation shall not be commenced conducted unless complete staffs are appointed as required under the Regulation of the Rajasthan Mineral Concession Rules 1986.
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8.6 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS The project proponent will arrange for the regular medical checkup camps for the workers which will be also be extended for the villagers. Arrangements for the supply of drinking water in the period of scarcity to the nearby villages will also be done by the project proponent.
The project activity and the management will definitely support the local panchayat and provide other form of assistance for the development of public amenities in this region. The applicant will contribute to the local schools, dispensaries for the welfare of the villagers.
Green belt development / Plantation will be taken up in the vicinity of river banks, along the approach roads, around Govt. building, schools. ====*******====
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CHAPTER-IX ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
9.1 INTRODUCTION The environmental impact assessment presented in previous chapter is based on the control measures. It is concluded that the mining activities having substantial, but reversible impact on environment and the suggestive measures should be taken so as to minimize the impacts.
Environmental management plan details the environmental quality control measures which are proposed for this project to achieve the production of 40,00,000 MTPA of ordinary sand (Bajri) by complying with the stipulated standard limit specified by state pollution control board and CPCB.
Environment Management Plan, which is to be implemented in the project has detailed under the following heads: River course environment Air Environment Water Environment Noise Environment Solid waste Management Biological Environment including Plantation Development Implementation of EMP and monitoring Programme
9.2 RIVER COURSE ENVIRONMENT Land degradation is one of the major adverse impact of opencast mining activities related to mining and any effort to control adverse impacts would be incomplete without appropriate land reclamation strategy. Deviation from planned mining procedure can lead to bank erosion/cutting and thereby river channel shifting degradation of land, causing loss of properties and degradation surrounding of landscape. Thus for environment friendly river bed mining the following control/abatement measures will be followed:
Removal/collection of Sand (Bajri) will be done in central part of river and sufficient safety barrier say 10% of width will be left towards bank side. So that the river flow / course will not get disturbed. Removal/collection of sand will be started from dip side towards rise at the center and also laterally in 3 meter slice so that the river course will not get affected. Unwanted material including mineral or spillage (if any) will not be stacked by the side of the excavation area. If need be done then it should be dozed afterwards in excavation voids created. This is to be done so, because it will otherwise hinder the flow of water in monsoon season.
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Leaving safety barrier on both sides and maximum barrier should be on concave side of river preferably the flow channel (excavation void created) should be kept straight so as to help avoid erosion as side cutting. In the first five years, removal/collection will be done, which will be replenishment with monsoon season.
9.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT In order to minimize impacts of mining on air and to maintain it within the prescribed limits of CPCB/SPCB, an Environment Management Plan (EMP) has been prepared. This will help in resolving all environmental and ecological issues likely to cause due to removal of sand in the area.
During the course of mining notoxic substances are released into the atmosphere as such there seems to be no potential threat to health of human beings.
In river bed mining activities, the only source of gaseous emission is from the tractor trolley. The reasons may be quality of fuel, improper operation of the engine, etc. proper maintenance of engines will improve combustion process and brings reduction in pollution.The fugitive dust generation during mining and transportation requires some mitigation.
Measures to Prevent Generation & Dispersal of Dust Dust particles that are normally generated during mining operations when become airborne lead to increase in PM10 level in the ambient air. Another source of dust generation is the transport of material by tractor trolley. Dust suppression by water spraying is adopted on the roads. Maintenance of transported vehicles and maintenance of kutchha road on regular basis. Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation of sand and waste by water sprinklers. Plantation will be carried out on approach roads & nearby vicinity of river bank. To control the emissions regular preventive maintenances of equipment’s will be done to adopt corrective actions wherever needed. It is being ensured that all transportation vehicles will carry a valid PUC certificate. Dust mask will be provided to the workers.
9.4 NOISE ENVIRONMENT The noise level monitoring carried out in the area has indicated that the present noise levels in mine site are generally within limits. The deployments of vehicles for transport and other auxiliary operations have increased the noise level but are naturally attenuated within applied lease area itself.
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9.4.1 Noise Abatement and Control Proper maintenance of transportation vehicleswill be carried out, which help in reducing generation of noise during operations. No other equipment’s accept the transportation vehicles as tractor trolley is allowed. Noise generated by these transportation vehicles is intermittent and does not cause much adverse impact. Periodical monitoring of noise will be done to adopt corrective actions wherever needed. Plantation will be taken up along the approach roads and on river bank. The plantation minimizes propagation of noise and also arrests dust.
General precaution for blasting will be taken up as following:- No drilling and blasting involved in this project.
9.5 WATER MANAGEMENT Removal/collection of sand in the area will be done well above the water table; therefore impact on water regime is not anticipated. The ground water level of lease area is 2.10-77.94mbgl (Pre-monsoon) and 0.30-70.80mbgl (Post-monsoon) from the surface level. The removal/collection of sand from river bed does not have any impact on natural drainage of surrounding area as no mining will be carried out, outside the lease area. Removal/collection of sand will be done up to a depth of 3m in the river bed, which will be replenished during monsoon season, more or less restoring to original position thus not affecting normal drainage in the river channel also.
9.5.2 Waste Water Management No waste water is generated due to proposed working as project only involves removal/ collection of sand from river bed in dry state.
9.6SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT No solid waste is generated from the said mining operations. There is no toxic element present in the mineral which may contaminate the soil. 9.7BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT The mining activity will have insignificant effect on the existing flora and fauna in the core/buffer zone. Flora & fauna found in the buffer zone will not get affected because mining activities will be confined to core zone only by manual means.
The purpose of the project itself is to save the flora around the project area from river widening, excessive erosion and floods. It was found that the removal/ collection of sand will not have any significant impact on the flora and fauna of
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the region. The aquatic flora & fauna is also not likely to be affected as proposed mining blocks remains dry except the rainy season.
There is a requirement to establish a stable ecosystem with both ecological and economic returns. Minimization of soil erosion and dust pollution enhances the beauty of the core and the buffer zone. To achieve this it is planned to increase plantation activities. The basic objectives of Plantations are as follows:- • Improvement of Soil quality • Quick vegetative cover to check soil erosion • Improvement in river bank stability • Conservation of biological diversity • Provide forage and browse for wild life
9.7.2 Plantation Development The main aim of plantation of mine area is to control dust/noise in the area, and to protect land from erosion and provide an aesthetic landscape. Keeping the up to the plan period in mine the stage wise plantation will be done.
Total 50 hectare are will be covered by the plantation. It will arrest environmental pollution, erosion and upgrade the scenic beauty of the area. Planting and sowing operations are followed up with adequate post plantation care, which includes replacement of casualties.
TABLE 9.1: STAGE WISE PLANTATION PROGRAMME Year Saplings to be Survival Place of plantation planted 80 %
I 5000 4000 Along the roads,in II 5000 4000 schools and public III 5000 4000 building and other IV 5000 4000 social forestry V 5000 4000 programme. Total 25,000 20,000
Protection of Plantation Sites The afforested areas have to be protected from cattle menace, human interference, soil erosion, plant diseases, etc. Check bunds, masonry chutes, protected drains, etc. will be constructed wherever required to control and regulate the water flow to prevent soil erosion and washing away of
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nutrients. Plants will be protected from diseases by the application of proper pesticides. Soil manuring etc. will be done whenever necessary. Plants will be protected from cattle menace and human interference by providing fencing and proper watch and ward.
9.7.3 Guidelines for Plantation Development In order to facilitate the proper growth of vegetation, limited measures involving preparation of seedbed with suitable amount of fertilizers and treatment with mulches will be taken. Vegetation cover generally helps in: Stabilizing erodible slopes to minimize pollution. Control of dust. Enhancement of aesthetic value. Maximizing evpo-transpiration, which helps minimizing run off. Reducing noise. For revagetation, the plants and saplings suitable for the existing soils and site condition may consider. It is recommended to plant fast growing local plant species, which can adapt to the local climate. This has to be done in consultation with local Government Horticulturist.
9.8 SOCIO – ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT 9.8.1 Management Plan for Socio-Economic Environment The environmental management plan has been developed with a view to bring down the levels of impacts as discussed in the last chapter within limits. In each of the areas of impact, measures have to be taken to reduce potentially significant adverse impacts and where these are beneficial in nature, such impacts are to be enhanced/augmented so that the overall adverse impacts are reduced to as low level as possible. For the socio economic development about 20.0 lacs will be spent up to operational phase.
There will be over all positive effect on social life on the local people, as they will get job opportunity, transport and medical facilities so the mining activities will benefit them directlyor indirectly. 1. Ordinary sand production and employment opportunities. 2. Reduction in the migration of jobless laborers from native place to other distant places. 3. Interaction of local people with outsides, and improvement in communication, which will enhance their present status of knowledge and confidence.
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Employment The mining operations will employ about total 193 persons. Preference will be given to the local population while inducting any manpower. The future mining activity would provide indirect employment to a large number of local population in activities like planting and watering of trees for green belt development.
Business Promotion While offloading the jobs to outside parties’ preference will be given to the local people.
9.8.2 Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to responsibility of a company to ensure positive impact on environment, consumers, employees, communities, stakeholders and all other members of public sphere. It is a new concept in the mining sector and the companies are still going through the learning curve. The CSR activities are increasingly taken up by the project proponents not onlyas fulfilling of mandatory provisions but also for the formation and or enhancement of brand image. Besides the above, CSR is seen more as a responsibility towards society rather than a business promotion activity. It is the need of the day for expansion of occupational welfare. The project proponent of the upcoming Sand (Bajri) mining project has already identified the activities, which are proposed to be undertaken for the benefits of the local community. This will not only improve the socio-economic status of the peoplebut also enhance the reputation of the project proponent among the general public. The project proponent proposes to spend Rs. 20.0 lakhs for the benefits of the local community under CSR activities. It is proposed to spend the above amount during the lease period of five years. Based on ‘Community Needs Survey’ conducted in the study area the following activities are proposed to be taken up for the benefits of the local community. a. Health camps for local community b. Cleaning of well(s) adjacent to the project site from which the people draw water for their daily use c. Assistance to local schools for the construction and maintenance of toilets separately for males and females d. Social and skill building interventions for self-employment (10 persons to be trained every year) e. Grant of one time scholarship to meritorious girl child belonging to Schedule caste and Scheduled tribe community f. Grant of seed capital to Self Help Groups for promotion of micro enterprises.
Tentative year wise allocation of funds for the above activities proposed to be taken up by the project proponent is provided in the table below:
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TABLE 9.2: YEAR WISE ALLOCATION OF FUNDS FOR THE VARIOUS ACTIVITIES PROPOSED TO BE TAKEN UP BY THE MINE OWNER
S. No Activities Allocation of fund (Rs. Lakhs) Year1 Year Year Year4 Year 5 Total 2 3 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) 1 Health camps for local 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90 4.50 community 2 Financial assistance to 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50 2.50 schools for construction and maintenance of toilets separately for males and females. 3 Self-help groups 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70 3.50 (microfinance for women and farmers). 4 Grant of scholarship to 0.80 - 0.80 - 0.80 2.40 meritorious girl students belonging to Schedule caste community 5. Repair of wells, tube 0.40 - 40 - 0.30 1.10 wells and hand pumps 6. Vocational Training to 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 4.00 the workers 7. Drinking Facility to the 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 2.00 workers Total 4.50 3.30 4.50 3.30 4.1 20.0
All the activities listed above for community development will be implemented in close collaboration with the village Sarpanch / Pradhan. The Project proponent may implement the same by availing the services of a NGO.
9.9 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH Safety of employee during mining operation and maintenance of mining equipment will be taken care as per Mines & Minerals Development & Regulation Act 1957 amended 2012, MMCR 1986, amended 2013. To avoid any adverse effect on the health of workers due to dust, noise sufficient measures have been provided in the mining project. These include:
TABLE 9.3: OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH IMPACTS AND MEASURES Anticipated occupational Health and Proposed mitigation measures Safety Impacts Lung disease and respiratory disorder - Dust mask will be provided to the
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due to dust esxposure workers.
- Precautions will be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and dispersing in the environment.
- Air emission control system such as water sprinkling, green belt development.
- Free Silica analysis of mineral will be done.
- Budget of pollution control i.e dust suppression by water sprinkling is proposed in EMP.
Noise - Ear muff will be provided
- Good Maintance of vehicles
Accident at site - PPEs will be provided to the workers likely hand gloves,safety shoes etc
Others - Awareness program/training programme will be organized for workers for occupational safety.
- Smoking and tobacco will be banned at site.
- First-aid box with all necessary facilities will be provided at the mining area. Following measures will be taken for health and safety purpose:- Pre-placement and medical examination will be conducted as per Rule 29(b) of The Mine Rule, 1955. Pre-placement health checkup will be made mandatory and periodic health checkup will be done. Medical records of each employee will be maintained separetaly and will be updated as required. Medical examination of workers including chest X-ray of employee will be taken. They will be given vocational training at the regular interval. They will be provided with personal protective equipment’s (PPE) like helmets, safety shoes, dust mask etc.
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Initial and periodical medical checkup will be conducted for the employers working in the mine as per the Mine Rule 1955. Occupational health surveillance program will be done periodically to check any contraction due to the exposure of dust. All the workers will get benefit of Group Insurance Scheme. Common vocational training center will be set up at district level from time to time to train the workers. Their living standard will be improved by providing them the facilities of schools, hospitals, garden, sanitation, drinking water etc.
9.10 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY
The most common disease in this region are common cold and cough, malaria, Entric fever like typhoid. In this proposed project, impact on the health of public has been assessed and the remedial measures for air emissions, noise control will be taken up in the villages. Adverse health impact will be due to air pollution, noise pollution etc. All control measures for air emissions, noise control will be taken to strictly comply with norms. Periodical free health camps will be taken up in the villages. Measures:- Trucks will be covered by tarpaulin covers to control the air pollution. Catalyze combustion fitted with tractor trolley, trucks and silencers to air pollution. All transportation vehicles carry a valid PUC Certificates to noise pollution. Mininmun use of horns and speed limit of 10 km/hr in the village area to noise ollution.
9.11 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL Apart from having an EMP, it is also necessary to have a permanent organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring its effective implementation.
The applicant will undertake to monitor the environmental pollution levels by measuring ambient air quality, water and effluent quality, noise levels etc., by appointing external agencies. The applicant will ensure that the pollution is limited to allowable values and to take corrective action if required.
In case the monitored results of environmental pollution are found to exceed the allowable values, the Environmental Management Cell will suggest remedial action and get these suggestions implemented through the concerned departments.
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The Environmental Management Cell will also co-ordinate all the related activities such as collection of statistics of health of workers and population of the region, afforestation and green belt development.
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
Environmental Management Cell
Chief Executive officer
Env. Officer(M.Sc. Env Geologist /Mines .Sc) Manager/Assi.M.M
Monitoring of Air, Noise, Soil and Water 9.11.1 Aesthetic Environment The plantation of a number of various species in the proposed area for plantation will improve the aesthetic environment over this area. ====*******====
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CHAPTER – X SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
10.1 INTRODUCTION The proposed project for removal/ collection of sand (Bajri) &production capacity is 40, 00,000 MTPA from the applied area of 2439 Ha, at nearVillages Ravaniyana, Jaspali, Jaliwada Khurd, Ransi Gaon, Malkosni, Madlia, Malawas, Bala, Kalauna, Garhsuria, Khojanagar, Borunda, Jaiti Was, Lawari, Lamba, Hariada, Hariadhana, Halpur Kalan, Halpur Khurd, Pichiank, Benad, Peepad City, Jhank, Bankalia, Padasala Kalan, Beenawas, Lunngaon Kalan, Sovanian, Ria, Sambhadia, Birawas, Bilada Chak 111, Ooalavi,Nananh, Bijasani, Lunn Gaon Khurd, Ramnagar kalan, Rampuria, Rawar, Anand Nagar, Binjwadia, Banjada, Barna, Devnagar, Buchkalan, Jhurli, Jajhi Bagh Kalan, Jaswantpura, Jailwa, Jatiawas, Chodha.Tehsil Bilara District Jodhpur (Rajasthan). As per the New Notification 14th September 2006, this project falls in Category ‘A’ and therefore this project requires Environmental Clearance from EAC (mining) of EAC, New Delhi. Terms of References’ (ToR) presentation for the project have been done at EAC, New Delhi, before Expert Appraisal Committee and the committee has suggested Terms of References (ToR) vide EAC, New Delhi, vide Letter No. J- 11015/320/2013-IA-II (M), dated 19.12.2013 to be incorporated in the preparation of EIA/EMP Report.
10.2 AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS FOR ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION MEASURES 10.2.1 Funds for Green Belt Protection The management cell of the project is very conscious to minimize the pollution load in the applied lease area. A thick canopy cover of green belt will bedeveloped as discussed in the earlier chapters. Over 5000 numbers of trees/year will be invested for environmental protection measures. A recurring amount of Rs 3.5 lacs will be spent every year.
10.2.2 Funds for Dust Suppression Water is spread around the mining area through tankers to control the dust suppression. A recurring amount of Rs. 0.6 lacs. will be spent every year.
10.3 DETAILS OF THE PROJECT
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TABLE 10.1: PROJECT DETAILS Name of project River Bed mining project of OrdinarySand Name of River Gair mumkin Luni nadi, Mitri nadi, their Tributaries Tehsil Bilara District Jodhpur State Rajasthan Latitude and Block No. Latitude Longitude Longitude Longitude Block-1 West End 26016’56” N 73022’08” E 73°11’3.38’ E East End 26030’58” N 73044’27” E Block-2 West End 26009’24” N 73025’08” E 73°25’23.17’ E East End 26017’58” N 73050’57” E
Area of the Mine 2439 Ha Manpower (proposed) 193 Water Requirement 29 KLD Green Belt Development 50000 no of Saplings ( 25000 sapling near river bed (proposed) and remaining 25000 sapling are proposed near villages,school,hospitals etc.) Capital Cost for EMP 30Lac Annual Recurring Cost 9.3 Lac/year from EMP Capital Cost of the 2.5 Crore Project
10.4 IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE 10.4.1 Monitoring Programme For the implementation of these mitigation measures, it is important to monitor various environmental parameters so as to ensure proper working of all the environmental control measures. This sectionrepresents monitoring schedule and infrastructural requirement for environmental protection, which is given in below table:
TABLE 10.2: MONITORING SCHEDULE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS Monitoring Duration Important Monitoring Particulars Frequencies of Station Parameters pH, SS, TDS, Iron, Hardness, Surface/ Once in a Grab Alkalinity Chlorides, Nitrates Ground water Year Sulphate & Flourides
Ambient air Once in a 24 hr. PM10, SOx and NOx
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monitoring Quarter. Noise Once in a - Level in dB(A) and dB(C) Pollution Quarter. PH, Conductivity, Sulphate, Working Once in a - Nitrate, Phosphates, Alkalinity environment Quarter. &texture.
10.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT The below table give overall investment on the environmental safeguards and recurring expenditure for successful monitoring and implementation of control measures.
TABLE 10.3: COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES (Investment and recurring cost Rs. in Lakh)
Sr. No Particulars Proposed Capital Proposed Rec. Cost / cost in lakh annum in lakh
1. Pollution monitoring 5.00 2.0 2 Water Sprinkling 4.5 1.4 3 Plantation including 10.0 2.8 maintenance 4 Haul road and other roads repair and maintenance 4.00 1.2
5 Occupational Health 3.5 1.0
5 Miscellaneous (fencing, 3.0 0.9 water sprinkling etc.)
Total 30.0 9.3
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Total investment on environmental improvement works envisaged is Rs. 30.0 lakhs and recurring expenditure during the stage of production is Rs. 9.3 lakhs per year.
10.6 GREENBELT DEVELOPMENT The project proponent has planned to develop 40ha along the road and appliedlease area. This will help in reducing the spread of pollutants and will also be effective in attenuating noise levels.
10.7 RECOMMENDATION M/s Udaipur Min –Tech Pvt. Ltd. surveyreveals that the management will stress on improvement of Environment. Regular water spraying will be practiced. The management will provide ear muffs, shoes,trained the person for their use and helmets to the workers in the mine.
The regular medical check-up of workers willbe carried out. Green belt development is to be stressed and workers must be motivated for plantation care.The general environmental awareness isgiven to the local workers. Regular maintenance of vehicles will be carried out. Slogans of Environment, health &safety will be displayed in the local language.
The verbal interactions with neighboring villagers reveals that due to river bed mining no impact on water level is antibuted. Hence significantly no impact will bethere due to mining activity. However, themine isfresharea and no significant problemsare reported by the villagers. The management must keenly celebrate the importance of World Environment Day to create awareness amongst the workers. Conservation of soil and water must be emphasized not only at works but also at their own place. With the proposal of Environment management plan and intention of continual improvement the mine may be accorded environmental clearance.
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CHAPTER – XI DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED (RQP/UDP/354/2009/B)
The consultant engaged for the preparation of the EIA/EMP of the project is M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. The information about the company with address is as follows:
INTRODUCTION: Realizing the need for multi-disciplinary and pragmatic approach to mine development and mine environment management, a few dedicated Mining engineers & Geo-scientists with decades of practical experience started M/S Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. company as a consultancy organization in 1994 registered as company with the Registrar of Companies, Rajasthan and got recognized (RQP/UDP/354/2009/B) from Indian Bureau of Mines, Ministry of Mines, Govt. of India and ISO 9001:2008, 14001:2004, & 18001:2007 Certified Company and accreditation by NABET “A’’ category for open cast mines. Today it has grown not only to handle anything in mining of non-fuel minerals but ready to face any challenging environmental assignment in the field of mining industry and modification of varied industries and environmental clearance of diverse industries.
M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd. Provides services in the field of Environmental impact assessment and management for Mining area.
OUR SERVICES: We provide wide range of services. These include:
At Mining Services:- Evolution of Mineral property and feasibility studies. Preparation of Mining Plan, Scheme of Mining with Mine Closure Plan(Progressive & Final) as per MCR1960, MCDR 1988 & GCDR 1999. Up gradation & Processing of Non-Metallic Minerals.
At Environmental Services: EIA / EMP report. Monitoring of Ambient Air quality, Stack emissions, Work zone air quality, Source monitoring and Control. Monitoring of water, Waste water, and Pollution source identification and control process. Monitoring of Soil Quality, Noise level, Solid waste or Sludge quality. Environmental audit, Industrial risk assessment and risk management and hazardous waste management.
ACHIEVEMENTS:- The Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.(UMTPL) in a short period after its inception has prepared more than 1000 Mining Plan and Scheme of mining with Progressive Mine Closure/Final Mine Closure Plan of various minerals in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Assam & M.P. and more than 950 of them have already approved from IBM- M/s Sarv Shri Surya Associates River Bed Mining 204 Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
Udaipur/Dehradun/Ajmer/Nagpur, Deptt. Of Mines & Geology-Rajasthan, Deptt. of Geology & Mining –Gandhinagar (Gujarat), Deptt. of Geology & Mining- Bhopal(MP). UMTPL has conducted Mine Surveys, Geological Mapping, Geological reserves as per UNFC, Mine Planning, Environment monitoring for various mines in different states of India as well as Abroad. UMTPL has prepared during year 2000-01 to 2010-11, more than 150 EIA/EMP report of various major mineral mines for MOEF, New Delhi, SEIAA – Jaipur, SEIAA-Gandhinagar, SEIAA-Shimla and 100 of them have already secured approval & Environmental clearance. The 25 EMP in cluster approved from Dist. Level Environment Committee in Rajasthan as per RMMCR -2012.
The UMTPL has also prepared during year 2012-13, more than 50 EC cases of minor mineral mines for SEIAA-Jaipur, SEIAA-Gandhinagar, SEIAA- Shimla, SEIAA-Haryana & Panjab & SEIAA-Mumbai.
THE CORE TEAM: The key persons of team are: 1) Mr. S. S. BIST – M.Sc. (Geology), M.Tech. (Applied Geology) & PG Diploma in Environment & Ecology, RQP (IBM), MMGI, FGSI etc. having 20 years professional experience of survey and geological mapping, prospecting & mine planning for various non-metallic/metallic minerals, preparation of pre-feasibility& feasibility report, preparation of Mining plan/Scheme of Mining with PMCP/FMCP, Preparation of EIA/EMP report and mining of Granite, Marbles etc. 2) Mr. B. L. MOD- Diploma in Mining and AMIE(Mining) with First Class Mine Manager Certificate of competency (Unrestricted), Certified Mine Surveyor’s Certificate of competency (Unrestricted), RQP(IBM), MMGI, C. Engg. MIE, MMEA, having 45 years working experience in field of mining viz underground as well as opencast mine of various metallic and non- metallic mineral in India as well as abroad. Preparation of Mining plan/Scheme of Mining with PMCP/FMCP, preparation of EIA/EMP report. 3) Mr. S. K. MOHTA – Diploma in Mining with First Class Mine Manager Certificate having 45 years working experience in field of mining viz underground as well as opencast mine of various metallic and non-metallic mineral in India as well as abroad.
4) Mr. S. N. SHARMA-B.E in Mining with First Class Mine Manager Certificate, PG Diploma in Marketing Management, RQP(IBM) Nagpur, Maharashtra having 31 years working experience in field of mining viz. underground as well as open cast mine of various metallic and nonmetallic mineral in India. Preparation of Mining Plan/ Scheme of Mining with PMCP/FMCP, Preparation of EIA/EMP report of Mining project. 5)Mr. U. C. SHARMA- M.E in Environmental Engineering, B.E in Civil Engineering, MBA in H.R, having 20 years’ experience in field of Civil Environment Engineer. Preparation of EIA/EMP report of Mining Project. 6) Mr. N. S. NARUKA- M. Phil. (Environment Management), M.Sc. (Environment Science), Lead Auditor for (ISO14001:2004) EMS, and Diploma in Industrial Safety, having over 10 years of work experience in the Environmental Impact Assessment & Analysis with report writing. Evaluation M/s Sarv Shri Surya Associates River Bed Mining 205 Prepared by M/s Udaipur Min-Tech Pvt. Ltd.
and preparation of EIA’s of Mining project for environmental clearance. 7.) Dr. DIPANWITA BHAKAT –Ph.D. (Environmental Science), M. Tech. & M.Sc. (Environmental Science), is having over 2 years of teaching experience in Environmental Science. Besides, our team of Professionals is given below: 1 Ashok Kumar Pardesi Diploma in Mining & Certified Surveyor. 2 Rashmi Shrimali M. Sc.(Chemistry) 3 Jitendra Singh Sankhala B.E.(Mining) 4 Rajveer Singh M.Sc.(Remote Sensing & GIS) 5 Kamlesh Kumar M.Sc. (Environment Science) 6 Kamod Kanwar Rathore M.Sc. (Environment Science) 7 Kailash Meena M.A. (Geography), Diploma in RS & GIS. 8 Rahul Deshmukh MSW & BSW (Social Works) 9 Sameer Deshpande M.Sc.(Botany) 10 Ramesh Vishwakarma M. Sc.(Geology) 11 Nirupama Jain M. Sc.(Geology) 12 Ashima Jain B. Tech. (Mining Engineering) 13 Mohammed Afzal M. Sc. (Env. Science & Biotechnology) 14 Naveen Kumar Meena M.A. (Political Science) 15 Lakshmi Lal Meghwal Diploma in Draftsman & Certified Surveyor. 16 Harish Kumar Pardesi Drafts man & AutoCAD Master. 17 Praveen Koted Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master. 18 Madan Lal Dangi Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master. 19 Anil Damor Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master. 20 Lokesh Menaria Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master. 21 Nirmal Menaria Computer Operator & AutoCAD Master
CONTACT PERSON - S. S. BIST 206 “APEKSHA COMPLEX” HIRAN MAGRI, SECTOR-11 UDAIPUR – 313002 (RAJ.)- INDIA PHONE - +91-294-2489672(OFF), MOBILE - +9194141 67672 e mail : [email protected] Visit us at: www.udrmintech.com
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