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CHAPTER 8
88 From DNA to Proteins
KE
3 2 1 Reinforcemen to th E messes H a poi a the g Muta no those h is C poi M indu D the with A . . .
m 8.7 e a
v
Y SECT h N o n e
u
ving the n m n a H In • • en What rom
y w i e n n t A. e f m homol b n
a w
t s o t utation fect C s e dis A A ody o mutation. n m I
t ti a
trial O iddle w
mu m mutations i g v
result
u a N
ons S o f
o a u ONCEP
frameshift e e point t cleotides. f u nd u u r n c o m w s tati
n
r r upt
nction. t p o tati is o , i s me c ameshift es. a
d o
ight o chemic f mal the an
t ti m m p fs t
o go a e o
c
c
o rotein o
o
a
f nd ns, a a i
p
o
occ opies mutation?
ns n T s f repair
m u y y
a r mutation
d s
a
mutations i ranslocat i
s
Rein M a a
plice m ed
ng, mproper
to utation o gene,
e
that a point u c The f c
r U x a
a n
r f
h
hange m I
h T f y l
e p
m folding d
of t T rom s. n o m
i a ct
osure
utation,
t them.
o A atural t r a frameshift
o v s
h . e utation
must c y ite ce c e c T Mutatio mutation i r f
cur n
ausing
cur o O o
f I might not a i r is O d ect
s ws f i on a t or r
inclu n o i ain l
o t
lignment N
v l
a a a o t m i
y Muta i occ
a h
n i r
a nd a n S
is o o d , w substitution g n rcement mutagens e e.
f
f f t u g D fect s
e no
i n h h f result that the d o m u u n a e a function.
s N e at e e r mutations. t l i n c r v
n
ut h g
n f gene
g are h es, g o A third
i
g f c e anism
is m n
phen ens
e a e l a o ene gene
a
v
ct tion n
readi d sequence
ding o a s the gene es in a c es uring
n
v
nd U h
on mutation
are
ement nucleotide du m
o a o the the
o V ’
“
m to n type.
r
s n i a r the r
frame” a g Or p
n g
a e g y li a
a D a n anism lic
es f i no c gi i
y a g n g n
fect nse cause
frame
ro N o
it e
o ht c
o o a sing
e o in i r nts A
o t longer s n n tions c g n Chromosomal f might h
si r r fr
s v
c a . tire tire can er tion D poration a the
’
u o t nis n Although o o
s l i
hat
o N
r piece l g e m n m
f of chromosome v
g f
i m A c and D n resulting ed also o u t n e
a o he h t function ucleotide. i c v tati t r
h . N r s h a r t m
o cod e
hat
e
in o
n e
d A Th b de r e o
t
m
.
o v S eletion r eing c
n
o c i f
gene a
ns n
a can ells. o
un. o vironment o e It f
m for one nslocations. a r t
n y s d r a y
o a
res to o
ons c n
a
p m mutatio
y m shifted?
n wi ell h o a
nd
Ma r
r i chromosome
ha a a r o u or
n e e a p
h o d y v
tein? lts . gulation. c t t nd h remat
a h p o h f e
e n o m G al as
v a l p
at y
a r
y m s in i v en en t a rect s
ng i
. h other n e nucleotide t mechanisms o g y
c a
hat
us
s o e e
ni
o k
F no u
more c n
Gene n n me e
a or mu r a
o f amino e
h o e f i u
a can t fect
e
ca
a
F s c
mutagens e
s a copies f v tati h after e t hr
o x fect f
n o to e ybrid
q fect
r ample, d b t
p change om
u
n ma
o a uplicat re
e
anot ick
a o c
ns f
o mutation on cid a
t o fects
o p
n
r he e k
of
d to s l h with f y i
s y on. on. o n h f the
e
M
t ect.
a a m i cl e deal n a t hat n i
han r c re oty o i u e e , , Douga f Uni n d e e p t
e. 3 l
R Littel esourc l
Biology e
Book
Copyright by McDougal Littell, a division of Houghton Mifflin Company