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Libros De Artes Marciales: Guia Bibliografica Comentada UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA DEMEXICO FACULTAD DE FILOSOFÍA Y LETRAS COLEGIO DE BIBUOTECOLOGIA "LIBROS DE ARTES MARCIALES: GUIA BIBLIOGRAFICA COMENTADA" T E s 1 N A QUE PARA OBTENER EL TITULO DE LICENCIADO EN BIBLIOTECOLOGIA P R E S E N T A JAIME ANAXIMANDRO GUTIERREZ REYES ASESOR: LIC. MIGUEL ANGEL AMAYA RAMIREZ MEXICO, D.F. 2003 UNAM – Dirección General de Bibliotecas Tesis Digitales Restricciones de uso DERECHOS RESERVADOS © PROHIBIDA SU REPRODUCCIÓN TOTAL O PARCIAL Todo el material contenido en esta tesis esta protegido por la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor (LFDA) de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (México). El uso de imágenes, fragmentos de videos, y demás material que sea objeto de protección de los derechos de autor, será exclusivamente para fines educativos e informativos y deberá citar la fuente donde la obtuvo mencionando el autor o autores. Cualquier uso distinto como el lucro, reproducción, edición o modificación, será perseguido y sancionado por el respectivo titular de los Derechos de Autor. Agradecimientos: A Shirel Yamile, mi pequeña princesa, a quien adoro. A mis padres, gracias a ellos he podido llegar hasta aquí. A mi asesor, el Licenciado Miguel Ángel Amaya Ramírez, por su guía y consejos. coA mis sinodales, por su ayuda y valiosas observaciones: Lic. Patricia de la Rosa Valgañon Lic. María Teresa González Romero Ing. René Pérez Espinosa Lic. Cesar Augusto RamÍrez Velázquez CONTENIDO INTRODUCCIÓN CAPITULO l. LAS ARTES MARCIALES 1.1 Definición. 1 1.2. Antecedentes. 2 1.3. Tipología 7 1.3.1. Artes marciales practicadas como deporte 7 1.3.2. Artes marciales practicadas como métodos reales de combate 13 1.3.3. Artes marciales como practicas espirituales 18 1.3 A. Artes marciales como practica recreativa 19 1.4. Las artes marciales en la actualidad. 21 Notas 24 Obras consultadas 24 CAPITULO 11. BIBLlOGRAFIA 2.1. Definiciones 29 2.2. Antecedentes 30 2.3. La bibliografía en México 35 204. Tipología 35 204.1. Bibliografía sistemática y enumerativa 36 204.2. Bibliografía analítica o crítica 37 204.3. Otras divisiones 38 20404. Ordenamiento 41 Notas 43 Obras consultadas 43 CAPITULO Ill. GUIA BIBLlOGRAFICA DE ARTES MARCIALES BIBLIOGRAFÍA A 46 B 48 C 53 D 61 E 63 f' 63 G 68 H 71 J 76 K 77 L 83 M 87 N 93 o 96 P 97 R 102 S 104 T 109 U 113 V 114 W 115 X 116 Y 117 Z 120 rNDlCES 122 Indíce por título 123 Indíce por temas 128 ANALlSIS DE LA BIBLlOGRAFIA 130 CONCLUSIONES 134 INTRODUCCIÓN En la actualidad las artes marciales se han popularizado por todo el orbe, sobre todo gracias a los actuales medios de comunicación, ya sea como práctica deportiva, para conocer elementos y tradiciones de otras culturas, aplicada a la defensa personal o al ocio. Actualmente su trascendencia es representativa en la cultura occidental, tanto así, que existen competencias internacionales donde incluso representantes de países occidentales han destacado por encima de los países orientales. Su popularización sobre todo por películas, ha logrado llamar la atención sobre todo de niños y jóvenes, y, por supuesto, de los padres y profesionales de varias áreas, que analizan estas actividades desde distintos enfoques. Las artes marciales tienen miles de años de existencia, desde un principio fueron una parte importante del clan, la tribu y la nación en todo el mundo para su supervivencia; en aquellos tiempos su finalidad era específicamente su uso en la guerra, ya sea para dominar o para defenderse. Esto motivó a que, con el uso y aplicación de los movimientos marciales, se fueran depurando, conservando lo que había demostrado ser útil y desechando lo inútil para la finalidad que se perseguía. Así como fue necesaria la preservación de otros tipos de conocimiento, también fue necesario preservar el de las artes guerreras, que en el caso de civilizaciones tan antiguas como la que existió en la India y China, tenían un alto nivel de desarrollo y eficacia tres siglos antes de Cristo. Sin embargo, no existían materiales adecuados para la preservación de este conocimiento, al igual que otros conocimientos se transmitía de manera oral o en materiales que no se preservaron hasta nuestros días. Un elemento importante de transmisión de estos conocimientos eran las danzas guerreras, las cuales vinculaban la música, las creencias religiosas y la magia. De esas danzas guerreras quedan remmIscencias en un conjunto de movimientos predeterminados generalmente conocido con el nombre (en japonés) de kata. Este punto es importante, ya que cada una de estas es un medio de transmisión del conjunto de principios, teorías, ejercicios, tradiciones, estrategias, tácticas y técnicas que se practican en un arte marcial. A pesar de la aparición del papel, la transmisión del kata se restringió a la casta guerrera en casi todos los países orientales, ya que el conocimiento que proporcionaba solo podían tener acceso aquellos que estaban iniciados en estas prácticas y que habían alcanzado ciertos niveles, la revelación del conocimiento de cada kata era (en japonés) okuden, esto es, una enseñanza secreta, para que cualquier principio que no conociera el posible enemigo fuera una ventaja para el practicante. De ahí que en las artes marciales tradicionales, la práctica de los katas sea tan importante Con la evolución del armamento, el uso de las artes marciales se volvió casi obsoleto, porque los ejércitos y policías de todos los países, desde hace décadas, han contratado a maestros e instructores de artes marciales para entrenar a sus miembros en técnicas de sumisión, de defensa, de ataque, e incluso letales, para el adiestramiento de sus miembros. Siendo aSÍ, que las artes marciales son practicadas actualmente con diversos enfoques que poco o nada tienen que ver con su primigenia razón de ser. Estos enfoques han originado la producción de diversos tratados, artículos, documentales, novelas, ensayos, estudios y manuales en distintos formatos: libros, películas, publicaciones periódicas, carteles, audiograbaciones, videograbaciones, CDs, DVDs y páginas WEB. En la actualidad la cantidad de información en está temática es muy amplia, motivo por el cual y con el objetivo de proporcionar una herramienta básica para la localización y uso de estos materiales, se elaboró está guía bibliográfica con referencias de materiales bibliográficos localizados en tres importantes centros de documentación: la Biblioteca Nacional de México, el Centro de Documentación de la Dirección General de Actividades Deportivas y Recreativas de la UNAM, y la Biblioteca de la Escuela Nacional de Entrenadores Deportivos. Se delimito únicamente a estas unidades de información porque la Biblioteca Nacional sirve como depositaria de lo publicado en nuestro país; el Centro de Documentación de Actividades Deportivas y Recreativas, porque a nivel nacional, la UNAM cuenta con una alta infraestructura y deportistas de alto nivel en la práctica del Karate, Judo y Tae Kwon Do, contando con su acervo de obras especializadas en esta temática, que en años recientes, con el desempeño de los deportistas universitarios, entre otros factores, han aumentado la adquisición de libros de temática deportiva, entre ellos, varios títulos de artes marciales; la Escuela Nacional de Entrenadores Deportivos porque existen allí programas y cursos de especialización deportiva, entre ellas, dos están dedicadas a las artes marciales, por lo cual, se requiere de bibliografía especializada en está temática. Existen más materiales bibliográficos en otras bibliotecas y centros de documentación, pero consideré estas bibliotecas como las más representativas. Se utilizaron las normas ISO 690 por provenir de uno de los más importantes organismos a nivel internacional encargados de emitir normas d eestandarización, sin embargo, cabe aclarar que la estructura de los registros está basada en la norma, no es aplicada en su integridad, fue adaptada a las necesidades de este trabajo. Se enfocó a materiales bibliográficos, porque si bien, existe una gran cantidad de publicaciones periódicas (en español, sin contar las que se publican en otros idiomas), audiocasetes, videocasetes, carteles, CDs, DVDs en el mercado, casi no se encontró material de artes marciales en estos formatos en las bibliotecas que se eligieron. Las páginas WEB tienen el inconveniente de que son temporales, por lo cual, también fueron descartadas. ii Para lograr el objetivo de esta guía, se dividió en los siguientes tres capitulas: El primero define y explica que son las artes marciales, sus antecedentes históricos, los diferentes tipos, su división de acuerdo al enfoque actual en que se consideran, y cómo son consideradas y practicadas las artes marciales en la actualidad. El segundo capítulo se dedica a definir lo que es la actividad bibliográfica, los antecedentes históricos, tanto a nivel internacional como en nuestro país, se desglosa a los dos tipos de bibliografías más importantes: la sistemática y la analítica, se exponen otras tipologías de la bibliografía y su ordenamiento. El tercer capítulo está dedicado a la guía bibliográfica propiamente dicha, se encuentra orden~da alfabéticamente por el asiento principat esto significa por el nombre del autor o el título de la obra, de acuerdo al caso; con la finalidad de una localización más eficiente se incluyen dos índices para la localización del material por título de la obra y por tema. iii CAPITULO I. LAS ARTES MARCIALES El ser humano ha logrado manipular y transformar su realidad para satisfacer sus necesidades, pero no como un individuo solitario, sino en conjunto, esto es, en sociedad. La sociedad se ha conformado de varios elementos
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