The Growth of U.S. Political Parties

Name ______Date ______The Growth of U.S. Political Parties

When George Washington took office in 1789, the United States had no political parties. However, political disagreements began to divide Americans during Washington’s presidency. Before Washington left office in 1797, he warned Americans that parties would lead to “jealousies and false alarms.” Alexander Hamilton (the Secretary of the Treasury) and Thomas Jefferson (Secretary of State) disagreed on many issues. They both believed they knew what was best for the country. Two rival political parties emerged to compete for power during this time…the Federalists & Republicans.

As party rivalry grew, newspapers took sides. Newspapers had great influence on public opinion. They raged against political opponents.

Directions:

Using pages 288-289, identify the different views of both men in the chart below. Use details from the book to fill in the chart.

Manufacturing or Federal or State Interpretation of Ally Farming Power the Constitution

Alexander Hamilton (appealed to northerners)

FEDERALISTS

Thomas Jefferson (appealed to southerners)

REPUBLICANS Directions:

Now imagine being an American citizen in the late 18th century. You are going to decide which party you will join. List FEDERALISTS or REPUBLICANS below. In the left hand column, list 5 important issues to your political party. In the right hand column, elaborate giving 2-3 sentences why each issue is important.

Name of my political party ______

I BELIEVE IT IS IMPORTANT FOR …

The Second President (page.291)

1. The ______president of the United States was ______.

. GEORGE 2 JOHN ADAMS WASHINGTON

 Tall & Dignified  S _ _ _ _ & P _ _ _ _  Spoke Little  O ______ Chose his Words Carefully  Intense Temper, but Calm  S _ _ _ _ _ B ______in Public  Intense T _ _ _ _ _ , often in Trouble  Disliked Political Parties  F ______Party  Martha Custis Washington  Over 300 enslaved  S _ _ Adams, A _ _ _ _ _ Adams  A ______

Conflict With France (page.291-292)

3. The French objected to ______, which was a deal between ______and ______to prevent war in the West Indies. (SEE MAP)

4. ______ships began to ______American ships in the ______.

5. Adams sent ______to Paris to discuss the rights of ______.

6. The French foreign minister ______sent three agents to offer the Americans a deal. The agents asked for a ______bribe and a $10 million loan to France before they would talk.

7. Adams did not reveal the names of the French agents, calling them ______, ______& ______. This would be known as the ______.

8. American would not pay the ______, but Adams refused to ask ______to declare war on France.

9. Instead, Adams strengthened the ______by building ______, fast-sailing ships with many guns. Alien & Sedition Acts (page.293)

10. In 1798 the ______pushed several laws through Congress known as ______. Under the act, the president could ______any ______that was thought to be dangerous to America.

11. A new ______law was also created.

12. The new law made new white immigrants wait ______years to become citizens compared to ______years under previous laws.

13. The ______passed these laws because ______supported Thomas Jefferson and the ______.

14. Define: SEDITION ACT -

15. Republicans protested that the Sedition Act violated the _____ Amendment.

Rights of States (page.293)

16. Define: NULLIFY –

17. Thomas Jefferson opposed the Alien & Sedition Acts and supported ______.

18. Two states ______& ______passed resolutions supporting Jefferson’s view that STATES had the RIGHT to NULLIFY a law passed by the federal government.

19. DEFINE: KENTUCKY & VIRGINIA RESOLUTIONS -