Chapter 8 Stoichiometry Review

Honors Chapter 12 – Stoichiometry Review

1. Aluminum metal reacts with oxygen gas to produce aluminum oxide. If you have 6.0 g of aluminum metal… a. How many liters of oxygen gas are needed for complete reaction? b. What is the mass, in grams, of aluminum oxide that will be produced?

2. Several brands of antacid tablets use aluminum hydroxide to neutralize excess stomach acid. The aluminum hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid in your stomach to produce aluminum chloride and water. a. What quantity of hydrochloric acid, in grams, can a tablet of 0.75 g of aluminum hydroxide consume? b. How many grams of water are produced?

3. The metabolic disorder diabetes causes a buildup of acetone (CH3COCH3) in the blood of untreated victims. Acetone, a volatile compound, is exhaled, giving the breath of untreated diabetics a distinctive odor. The acetone is produced by a breakdown of fats in a series of reactions. The equation for the last step is: CH3COCH2CO2H  CH3COCH3 + CO2

a. What mass, in grams, of acetone can be produced from 125 mg of acetoacetic acid (CH3COCH2CO2H)?

4. The reaction of zinc metal and chlorine gas has been used as the basis of a car battery. The compound produced is zinc (II) chloride. a. What is the theoretical yield of zinc (II) chloride if 35.5 g of zinc is allowed to react with excess chlorine gas? b. If only 65.2 g of zinc (II) chloride is obtained, what is the percent yield from the reaction?

5. Ammonia (NH3) can be prepared by the reaction of a calcium oxide with ammonium chloride. Water and calcium chloride are also produced from this reaction. a. If 112 g of calcium oxide and 224 g of ammonium chloride are reacted, what is the maximum possible yield of ammonia? b. What mass of the excess reactant remains after the maximum amount of ammonia has been formed?

6. Aspirin (C9H8O4) is produced by the reaction of salicylic acid (C7H6O3) and acetic anhydride (C4H6O3). C7H6O3 + C4H6O3  C9H8O4 + CH3CO2H

a. If you mix 100 g of each of the reactants, what is the maximum mass of aspirin that can be obtained?

7. Disulfur dichloride, which has a revolting smell, can be prepared by reacting sulfur dichloride with sodium fluoride to produce sulfur tetrafluoride, disulfur dichloride and sodium chloride. You begin with 5.23 g of sulfur dichloride and excess sodium fluoride. a. What is the theoretical yield of disulfur dichloride? b. If only 1.19 g of disulfur dichloride is obtained, what is the percent yield from the reaction?