Industrial Burners Testing and Combustion

PAPER TITLE (ARIAL, 16, BOLD, CAPITAL LETTERS, CENTERED, MAXIMUM 3 LINES) (Blank line) – single line spacing – Times New Roman 10 (Blank line) – single line spacing – Times New Roman 10 R. S. Matosa, ABSTRACT (TIMES NEW ROMAN 10, BOLD) (Blank line) – single line spacing – Times New Roman 10 and T. A. Laursenb Type the text of the abstract here, Times New Roman, 9, lower case letters, (Abbreviate the names, right justified paragraphs, 1.0 line spacing. The abstract should state the objectives, methodology and main conclusions in 200 to 300 words. No not alignment, 1.5 line spacing, Times divide into paragraphs. New Roman, 10, bold) (Blank line) – single line spacing – Times New Roman 10 a Universidade Federal do Paraná Adapt the vertical bar line (in the left of this paragraph) in a way to hold all the text in an organized way, to the left and to the right of this bar line, such Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica as in this example. Bairro Jardim das Américas CP. 19011, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil [email protected] bDuke University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Durham, NC, 27708-0287, USA. (Text right-aligned, 1.5 line spacing, Times New (Blank line) – single line spacing – Times New Roman 10 Roman, 8, not-bolded) Keywords: Type 3 to 5 keywords, separated by commas, in Times New Roman, 9, left aligned. Do not use bold, italic or capital letters. (Blank line) – single line spacing – Times New Roman 10

NOMENCLATURE Superscripts (If applicable, Times New Roman 10, (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 bold) The nomenclature section should list, in (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 alphabetical order, all used symbols, their definitions m maximum and their unit, in alphabetical order, as in the opt optimal examples below: (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 a larger ellipses semi-axis, m INTRODUCTION (TIMES NEW ROMAN, 10, b smaller ellipses semi-axis, m BOLD, CAPITAL LETTERS, LEFT- Ba bias limit of quantity a ALIGNMENT FOR ALL SECTION NAMES) cp fluid specific heat at constant pressure, J/ (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 (kg.K) It is recommended that the authors prepare the m~ dimensionless total mass of the arrangement final paper by overwriting the new text into this file, T average fluid temperature, K since this word document is already formatted using (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 the necessary size and formatting requirements. All Greek symbols (If applicable Times New Roman the formatting information written in blue should be 10, bold) deleted prior to submitting the paper. Blank lines (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 warnings (in green) should also be removed, keeping  thermal diffusivity, m2/s the blank line.  density, kg/m3 From the section “Nomenclature” up to the end  dimensionless time of the paper, use only Times New Roman 10, single- (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 line spaced paragraphs. Subscripts (If applicable, Times New Roman 10, Do not include headings or footnotes into this bold) file. (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Write the main text divided into sections and in unit cell inlet subsections. A common paper would have the w tube surface sections: Introduction, Theory (if applicable),  free stream Experiments, Results and Discussion, Conclusions, (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Acknowledgements (if applicable), References, Appendices (if applicable).

1 Include “objectives” within the introduction Units and Symbols (Subsections use Times New section, without differentiating it into a new section. Roman, 10, bold, left-alignment, first letter of each In all papers, sufficient information should be word in capital letter) provided in the text or by referring to papers in other (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 journals, to permit the work to be repeated. The use of SI (metric) system is mandatory for Do not change the paper size and margins pre- all reported data. Temperatures should be given in °C set to A-4 and 2.5 cm, respectively. The spacing or K. Uncertainties should be specified for before and after paragraphs should be kept at 0 pt experimental and numerical results. throughout the paper. All symbols should be also defined within the The pages should be numbered and the text. tabulation mark of the first line of each paragraph (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 should be kept as 0.75 cm throughout the text. Mathematical Expressions Do not number the sections or sub-sections. (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Differentiate the subsections by using the format Mathematical expressions should be produced shown below for “Units and Symbols”. by an equation editor and should not be introduced Alternatively, the authors may use the pre- along the text itself, as part of a sentence line, but defined word styles, which can be usually found at typed on individual lines. the top-left corner of the word window, as shown in Numbers that identify mathematical expressions red in the figure below. should be enclosed in parentheses located at the right (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 margin of the paragraph, whereas the equation should follow center-alignment, such as below: (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 p P  2 (6) ρu  (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 where p is the pressure, N/m2;  the fluid density, 3 kg/m and u the free stream velocity, m/s. If the expression is too wide to fit into one line, (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 break it up such as shown below: Once the style is selected for a particular item of (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 the paper, such as a section name, it redefines the U1 U1 U1 paragraph in which the cursor lies, applying the U1  U2  U3 formatting information necessary for that item. All X Y Z the pre-defined styling options for RETERM can be P 1 2b  2U  2U  2U     1  1  1 seen at the figure below  2 2 2  (2) (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 X Re2b L  X Y Z  (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Refer to equations in the text such as in “…as derived from Eq. (1)…”, or, if at the beginning of a sentence, “Equation (1) indicates…”. (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Figures and Tables (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Photographs, charts and diagrams are all to be referred to as “Figure (s)”. Figures should be submitted in laser printer output, original line drawings or glossy prints. Photocopies should be avoided. Figures should be clear and suitable for reduction. The amount of lettering should be reduced as much as possible by transferring it to the figure legend. Remaining lettering should be large enough to be clearly legible. Figures and tables, with a suitable caption, should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are referred to in the main text. Figures and tables should be inserted at locations as close as possible to the text in which they are cited the first (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 time. Footnotes to tables should be typed below the

2 table and should be referred to by superscript Include the results of the work. Do not show the lowercase letters. same result using tables and figures. Instead, choose Refer to figures or tables in the text such as in the most appropriate way for the particular case. “Figure 1 and Tab. 3 show…”, or, “…in Fig. 1 it is (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 shown…”. CONCLUSIONS Please note that color figures or tables cannot be (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 printed in color. However, they will appear in color Draw the main conclusions of the work. in the journal website. (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Find below examples on how figures and tables ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS should appear in the final paper. (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 If applicable. (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 REFERENCES H (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 L Cite references in the text by giving the last name of the author(s) and the year of publication: either “Recent work (Prata and Parise, 1985) has t unit cell f indicated...” or “Recently Prata and Parise (1985) u3 u1 u  2 (S+2b)/2 indicated....”. With three or more authors, use the z x y form “Prata et al. (1985)…”. When two or more (t +)/2 f references have the same text identification, append “a”, “b”, etc, to the year of publication. W air Acceptable references include: journal articles, flow dissertations, published conference proceedings, u books, accepted articles if the journal is identified,

fin and private communications. References cited in the text should be listed tube here, in alphabetical order of the last name of the first author. Some sample references follow: Kays, W. M., and London, A. L., 1964, Compact Heat Exchangers, McGraw-Hill Book Company. (for books) Mengüç, M. P., and Dutta, P., 1994, Scattering (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Tomography and its Application to Sooting Diffusion Figure 1. Arrangement of finned elliptic tubes Flames, Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 116, No. 1, (The figure itself and the figure caption should be pp. 144-151. (for journal articles) centered) Phiney, L. M., 1997, Electronic Desorption and (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Microstructure Adhesion Reduction Using Table 1. Process parameters (left alignment) Ultrashort-Pulse Lasers, Doctoral Thesis, University Parameter Value a of California, Berkeley, CA. (for theses) Initial temperature 25°C Viskanta, R., 1995, Convective Heat Transfer in Final temperature 275°C Consolidated Porous Media: A Perspective, in: Pressure 5 MPa Symposium on Thermal Science and Engineering in a Measured at the oven outlet (left alignment) Honor of Chancellor Chang-Lin Tien, University of (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 California, Berkeley, pp. 43-50. (for conference Make figures or tables fit into one column only, proceedings) unless extremely necessary, such as in a wide figure (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 with many important small details. Do not allow for Do not level up the columns of the pages so that blank spaces at the bottom of the pages. Instead, the columns have the same height. Instead, only use relocate figures and tables in such a way to minimize the right column if the whole left column is filled blank spaces. with text, as it can be seen at page 4 of this template. (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 EXPERIMENTS ------(Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 Final Remarks Describe the experimental methodology 1) Only use this template if your paper has already followed. been accepted and you have been requested to adapt (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 your manuscript to the final RETERM publication RESULTS AND DISCUSSION standard template. (Blank line) – single spacing – Times New Roman 10 2) After adapting your paper to this format, submit an electronic copy (Word for Windows, or Latex) of the

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Thank you again for choosing RETERM as your publishing medium and I look forward to receiving future submissions from you to this journal.

The Technical Editor of RETERM