23 Means That Something Has Been Cut Into 3 Equal Pieces and You Have 2 of Them

1) Summary 2) Fractions means that something has been cut into 3 equal pieces and you have 2 of them.

also means 2 ÷ 3 (written as 3 2.00 when you do the calculation)

If the top and bottom number are the same you have a whole one: etc

Finding Fractions of Numbers: To find of a number ÷ by 2, to find ÷ by 3, to find ÷ by 4, to find ÷ by 5, etc.

Always divide by the bottom number, then multiply by the top number:

of 12 12 ÷ 3 = 4 4 x 2 = 8 (to find 1 third ÷3 then x2 to find 2 thirds).

Equivalent Fractions: Some fractions are exactly the same size as each other. You can times (multiply) or divide the top and bottom numbers as long as you remember the rule of fractions:

Always do the same to the top as the bottom

Nb. When you divide make sure you use a number that you can divide both the top and the bottom by. This is called simplifying or cancelling.

Improper Fractions & Mixed Numbers: An Improper fraction is top heavy (). A mixed number has both a whole number and a fraction ( ).

Converting from Improper to Mixed: Divide the bottom number into the top then write the remainder as the fraction.

Example: How many 5’s in 13 (2) how many left over? (3) =

Converting from Mixed to Improper: Multiply the whole number by the bottom number of the fraction then add on the top number of the fraction.

Example: 4 x 3 = 12 then add the extra 2 on. You have 14 thirds = Multiplying Fractions:  Cancel first (remember always to cancel a pair – top & bottom)  Multiply top by top and bottom by bottom

Dividing Fractions:  Change the divide sign into a multiplication sign.  Turn the second fraction upside down.  Multiply as above.

Adding & Subtracting Fractions:  Make sure the denominators are the same (using equivalent fractions)  Add or subtract the top numbers only.

Now we have:

Nb. Use exactly the same method for take away but subtract the top numbers instead of adding.