<p> 1) Summary 2) Fractions means that something has been cut into 3 equal pieces and you have 2 of them.</p><p> also means 2 ÷ 3 (written as 3 2.00 when you do the calculation)</p><p>If the top and bottom number are the same you have a whole one: etc </p><p>Finding Fractions of Numbers: To find of a number ÷ by 2, to find ÷ by 3, to find ÷ by 4, to find ÷ by 5, etc.</p><p>Always divide by the bottom number, then multiply by the top number:</p><p> of 12 12 ÷ 3 = 4 4 x 2 = 8 (to find 1 third ÷3 then x2 to find 2 thirds).</p><p>Equivalent Fractions: Some fractions are exactly the same size as each other. You can times (multiply) or divide the top and bottom numbers as long as you remember the rule of fractions:</p><p>Always do the same to the top as the bottom</p><p>Nb. When you divide make sure you use a number that you can divide both the top and the bottom by. This is called simplifying or cancelling.</p><p>Improper Fractions & Mixed Numbers: An Improper fraction is top heavy (). A mixed number has both a whole number and a fraction ( ).</p><p>Converting from Improper to Mixed: Divide the bottom number into the top then write the remainder as the fraction.</p><p>Example: How many 5’s in 13 (2) how many left over? (3) = </p><p>Converting from Mixed to Improper: Multiply the whole number by the bottom number of the fraction then add on the top number of the fraction.</p><p>Example: 4 x 3 = 12 then add the extra 2 on. You have 14 thirds = Multiplying Fractions:  Cancel first (remember always to cancel a pair – top & bottom)  Multiply top by top and bottom by bottom</p><p>© H Jackson 2012 / ACADEMIC SKILLS 1</p><p>Dividing Fractions:  Change the divide sign into a multiplication sign.  Turn the second fraction upside down.  Multiply as above.</p><p>Adding & Subtracting Fractions:  Make sure the denominators are the same (using equivalent fractions)  Add or subtract the top numbers only.</p><p>Now we have: </p><p>Nb. Use exactly the same method for take away but subtract the top numbers instead of adding.</p><p>© H Jackson 2012 / ACADEMIC SKILLS 2</p>