BBG) Operations and Stations Division (T/EOS) Monthly Reports, 2011-2014
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Song, State, Sawa Music and Political Radio Between the US and Syria
Song, State, Sawa Music and Political Radio between the US and Syria Beau Bothwell Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2013 © 2013 Beau Bothwell All rights reserved ABSTRACT Song, State, Sawa: Music and Political Radio between the US and Syria Beau Bothwell This dissertation is a study of popular music and state-controlled radio broadcasting in the Arabic-speaking world, focusing on Syria and the Syrian radioscape, and a set of American stations named Radio Sawa. I examine American and Syrian politically directed broadcasts as multi-faceted objects around which broadcasters and listeners often differ not only in goals, operating assumptions, and political beliefs, but also in how they fundamentally conceptualize the practice of listening to the radio. Beginning with the history of international broadcasting in the Middle East, I analyze the institutional theories under which music is employed as a tool of American and Syrian policy, the imagined youths to whom the musical messages are addressed, and the actual sonic content tasked with political persuasion. At the reception side of the broadcaster-listener interaction, this dissertation addresses the auditory practices, histories of radio, and theories of music through which listeners in the sonic environment of Damascus, Syria create locally relevant meaning out of music and radio. Drawing on theories of listening and communication developed in historical musicology and ethnomusicology, science and technology studies, and recent transnational ethnographic and media studies, as well as on theories of listening developed in the Arabic public discourse about popular music, my dissertation outlines the intersection of the hypothetical listeners defined by the US and Syrian governments in their efforts to use music for political ends, and the actual people who turn on the radio to hear the music. -
U.S. International Broadcasting Informing, Engaging and Empowering
2010 Annual Report U.S. International Broadcasting Informing, Engaging and Empowering bbg.gov BBG languages Table of Contents GLOBAL EASTERN/ English CENTRAL Letter From the Broadcasting Board of Governors 5 (including EUROPE Learning Albanian English) Bosnian Croatian AFRICA Greek Afan Oromo Macedonian Amharic Montenegrin French Romanian Hausa to Moldova Kinyarwanda Serbian Kirundi Overview 6 Voice of America 14 Ndebele EURASIA Portuguese Armenian Shona Avar Somali Azerbaijani Swahili Bashkir Tigrigna Belarusian Chechen CENTRAL ASIA Circassian Kazakh Crimean Tatar Kyrgyz Georgian Tajik Russian Turkmen Tatar Radio Free Europe Radio and TV Martí 24 Uzbek Ukrainian 20 EAST ASIA LATIN AMERICA Burmese Creole Cantonese Spanish Indonesian Khmer NEAR EAST/ Korean NORTH AFRICA Lao Arabic Mandarin Kurdish Thai Turkish Tibetan Middle East Radio Free Asia Uyghur 28 Broadcasting Networks 32 Vietnamese SOUTH ASIA Bangla Dari Pashto Persian Urdu International Broadcasting Board On cover: An Indonesian woman checks Broadcasting Bureau 36 Of Governors 40 her laptop after an afternoon prayer (AP Photo/Irwin Fedriansyah). Financial Highlights 43 2 Letter From the Broadcasting Board of Governors 5 Voice of America 14 “This radio will help me pay closer attention to what’s going on in Kabul,” said one elder at a refugee camp. “All of us will now be able to raise our voices more and participate in national decisions like elections.” RFE’s Radio Azadi distributed 20,000 solar-powered, hand-cranked radios throughout Afghanistan. 3 In 2010, Alhurra and Radio Sawa provided Egyptians with comprehensive coverage of the Egyptian election and the resulting protests. “Alhurra was the best in exposing the (falsification of the) Egyptian parliamentary election.” –Egyptian newspaper Alwafd (AP Photo/Ahmed Ali) 4 Letter from the Board TO THE PRESIDENT AND THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES On behalf of the Broadcasting Board of Governors (BBG) and pursuant to Section 305(a) of Public Law 103-236, the U.S. -
Antenna Systems Demonstrator Volume 1 Instructor's Manual ASD512-1
Antenna Systems Demonstrator - Volume 1 Instructor's Manual ASD512-1 Antenna Systems Demonstrator Volume 1 Instructor’s Manual ASD512-1 Feedback Feedback Instruments Ltd, Park Road, Crowborough, E. Sussex, TN6 2QR, UK. Telephone: +44 (0) 1892 653322, Fax: +44 (0) 1892 663719. email: [email protected] website: http://www.fbk.com Manual: 512-1 Ed C 082000 Printed in England by Fl Ltd, Crowborough Feedback Part No. 1160–005121 Notes Antenna Systems Demonstrator ASD512-1 PREFACE THE HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK ACT 1974 We are required under the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, to make available to users of this equipment certain information regarding its safe use. The equipment, when used in normal or prescribed applications within the parameters set for its mechanical and electrical performance, should not cause any danger or hazard to health or safety if normal engineering practices are observed and they are used in accordance with the instructions supplied. If, in specific cases, circumstances exist in which a potential hazard may be brought about by careless or improper use, these will be pointed out and the necessary precautions emphasised. While we provide the fullest possible user information relating to the proper use of this equipment, if there is any doubt whatsoever about any aspect, the user should contact the Product Safety Officer at Feedback Instruments Limited, Crowborough. This equipment should not be used by inexperienced users unless they are under supervision. We are required by European Directives to indicate on our equipment panels certain areas and warnings that require attention by the user. -
GAO-03-772 US International Broadcasting
United States General Accounting Office Report to the Committee on International GAO Relations, House of Representatives July 2003 U.S. INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING New Strategic Approach Focuses on Reaching Large Audiences but Lacks Measurable Program Objectives a GAO-03-772 July 2003 U.S. INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING New Strategic Approach Focuses on Highlights of GAO-03-772, a report to the Reaching Large Audiences but Lacks Committee on International Relations, House of Representatives Measurable Program Objectives Prompted by a desire to reverse Consistent with its new plan to dramatically increase the size of U.S. declining audience trends and to international broadcasting listening and viewing audiences in markets of support the war on terrorism, the U.S. strategic interest, the Broadcasting Board of Governors has launched Broadcasting Board of Governors several new projects, including Radio Sawa in the Middle East, Radio Farda (BBG), the agency responsible for in Iran, and the Afghanistan Radio Network. These projects adhere to the U.S. international broadcasting, Board’s core strategy of identifying a target audience and tailoring each began developing its new strategic approach to international broadcast product to market circumstances and audience needs. broadcasting in July 2001. This approach emphasizes the need to The Board’s plan lacks measurable program objectives designed to gauge the reach mass audiences by applying success of its new approach to broadcasting, detailed implementation modern broadcast techniques and strategies, resource needs, and project time frames. A number of key strategically allocating resources to effectiveness measures could provide a starting point for developing focus on high-priority markets. measurable program objectives and related performance goals and GAO was asked to examine (1) indicators under the Board’s annual performance plan. -
Eutelsat S.A. €300,000,000 3.125% Bonds Due 2022 Issue Price: 99.148 Per Cent
EUTELSAT S.A. €300,000,000 3.125% BONDS DUE 2022 ISSUE PRICE: 99.148 PER CENT The €300,000,000 aggregate principal amount 3.125% per cent. bonds due 10 October 2022 (the Bonds) of Eutelsat S.A. (the Issuer) will be issued outside the Republic of France on 9 October 2012 (the Bond Issue). Each Bond will bear interest on its principal amount at a fixed rate of 3.125 percent. per annum from (and including) 9 October 2012 (the Issue Date) to (but excluding) 10 October 2022, payable in Euro annually in arrears on 10 October in each year and commencing on 10 October 2013, as further described in "Terms and Conditions of the Bonds - Interest"). Unless previously redeemed or purchased and cancelled in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Bonds, the Bonds will be redeemed at their principal amount on 10 October 2022 (the Maturity Date). The Issuer may at its option, and in certain circumstances shall, redeem all (but not part) of the Bonds at par plus any accrued and unpaid interest upon the occurrence of certain tax changes as further described in the section "Terms and Conditions of the Bonds - Redemption and Purchase - Redemption for tax reasons". The Bondholders may under certain conditions request the Issuer to redeem all or part of the Bonds following the occurrence of certain events triggering a downgrading of the Bonds as further described in the Section "Terms and Conditions of the Bonds — Redemption and Purchase - Redemption following a Change of Control". The obligations of the Issuer in respect of principal and interest payable under the Bonds constitute direct, unconditional, unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Issuer and shall at all times rank pari passu among themselves and pari passu with all other present or future direct, unconditional, unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of the Issuer, as further described in "Terms and Conditions of the Bonds - Status". -
Elliptical Polarization Is Your Best Dollar Value Summary the Good Old Days of VHF in the Analog World VHF Worked Well in the Analog World
Bill Ammons The Spectrum Repack: Broadcasters Clinic 2016 Is there a move to VHF in your future? Maybe a move to VHF in your future? A quick look back at the analog era model, what worked, what did not How big is that VHF antenna? Why one’s VHF reception failed after the DTV conversion, and how to fix it How much Effective Radiated Power, (ERP), is now reaching your viewers New challenges in getting through to your viewers Elliptical polarization is your best dollar value Summary The good old days of VHF in the analog world VHF worked well in the analog world. The picture was not perfect on the outer edges of the market…but it worked. Ghosting was common, something the digital world has solved. Outdoor antennas were the norm; you could walk into Sears, and come out with one a few minutes later. “Rabbit-Ears” antennas were sold everywhere. A once-common sight was the Radio Shack VU-90 Antenna. (I worked for Radio Shack for a few years, and sold tons of those “magical” antennas.) On the TV station side of life most stations on high band VHF, had a 12-bay batwing antenna, with a 30+ kW transmitter. For low band a 4 or 6 bay batwing got stations up to the maximum power of 100 kW. This was beach front property at the time. VU-90 The most important thing about the Analog TV Era Grandma knew how to position the rabbit ears antenna on top of her TV. This was to get the best picture to watch the Lawrence Welk show…he was on channel 8. -
Getting Data up the Hill
Getting Data up the Hill June 2018 Sponsored by From the Publishers of Radio World MAKING DIGITAL RADIO EASIER & AFFORDABLE The Tools Are Limited Only by Your Imagination Let’s explore trends in how radio stations are “getting their data up the hill” in 2018 Cover Art: Ingram Publishing By Paul McLane network outages caused by others. Rain fade is rarely an issue, and your channel is licensed and reasonably secure The payloads that radio broadcasters must move to from interlopers thanks in part to its point-to-point and from their transmitter sites have grown dramati- nature. cally in the 21st century. The technology industry has kept pace, offering a broadening array of data transport options to carry those loads. How should technical managers take advantage of Digital STLs can deliver you a bit- increased bandwidth for digital content, monitoring and identical copy of the input to the output control while doing so reliably and economically? What — and that means no noise, no noise new solutions are available? How can engineers assess cost, reliability, audio performance and suitability for buildup, no noise distortion as you will single-frequency networks? What are the IP connections get in any analog circuit. involved; how are engineers sending composite base- band at low bandwidth? What role do HD Radio second- ary channels play? — Bill Gould, Moseley This eBook explores such questions and more. Much of the information here is based on discussion in a recent Nautel-led webinar that you can find at www.nautel. There’s negligible delay in uncompressed audio; and com/webinar/getting-content-transmitter-site, though this with modern compression, configurations of four, six and ebook contains additional information as well. -
EUTELSAT S.A. € 500,000,000 1.125 PER CENT BONDS DUE 23 June 2021 ISSUE PRICE: 99.894 PER CENT
EUTELSAT S.A. € 500,000,000 1.125 PER CENT BONDS DUE 23 June 2021 ISSUE PRICE: 99.894 PER CENT The €500,000,000 aggregate principal amount 1.125 per cent. bonds due 23 June 2021 (the Bonds, and each a Bond) of Eutelsat S.A. (the Issuer) will be issued outside the Republic of France on 23 June 2016 (the Bond Issue). Each Bond will bear interest on its principal amount at a fixed rate of 1.125 per c ent. per annum from (and including) 23 June 2016 (the Issue Date) to (but excluding) 23 June 2021, payable in Euro annually in arrears on 23 June of each year and commencing on 23 June 2017, as further described in "Terms and Conditions of the Bonds – Interest". Unless previously redeemed or purchased and cancelled in accordance with their terms and conditions, the Bonds will be redeemed at their principal amount on 23 June 2021 (the Maturity Date). The Issuer may, at its option, and in certain circumstances shall, redeem all (but not part) of the Bonds at par plus any accrued and unpaid interest upon the occurrence of certain tax changes as further described in "Terms and Conditions of the Bonds – Redemption and Purchase – Redemption for tax reasons". The Bonds may also be redeemed (i) at the option of the Issuer, in whole or in part, at any time, prior to the Maturity Date, as further described in "Terms and Conditions of the Bonds — Redemption and Purchase — Make Whole Redemption by the Issuer", (ii) at any time prior to the Maturity Date, in whole (but not in part), at par plus accrued interest, if 80 per cent. -
American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) 2015 3D Design & Simulation of Printed Dipole Antenna
American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) 2015 American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-ISSN: 2320-0847 p-ISSN : 2320-0936 Volume-4, Issue-9, pp-76-80 www.ajer.org Research Paper Open Access 3D Design & Simulation of Printed Dipole Antenna Protap Mollick1, Amitabh Halder2, Mohammad Forhad Hossain3, Anup Kumar Sarker4 1(CSE, American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh) 2, 3, 4 (EEE, American International University-Bangladesh, Bangladesh) ABSTRACT: This paper represents design of a printed dipole antenna with both lambda by 2 & half dipole. In this research paper the impedance increases with combined design on the FR-4 substrate and ground plane. The main feature of printed dipole antenna is there is a feeder between the radiant elements. Average impedance about 73 ohm, which is very large form other antenna. For vertical earth position impedance decreases about 36 ohm. Applied AC voltage forwarding bias dipole antenna gains are high but when reverse bias condition gains are low. Between ropes to station there is need extra insulator that abate high impedance current flow to dipole antenna. Feed lines are approximately 75 ohm and the main length between two poles are 143 meter. The radius of two pole line is very thin it’s about 2.06 meter. Transmission lines are added in the last portion of feed lines, which situated apposite of two poles. Designs are simulated by hfss and solving equations are done my matlab. Keywords–Rabbit ears, folded dipole, omnidirectional, azimuthal direction, 3db gain. I. INTRODUCTION In radio and telecommunications a dipole antenna or doublet is the simplest and most widely used class of antenna. -
Classification of Geosynchronous Objects
esoc European Space Operations Centre Robert-Bosch-Strasse 5 D-64293 Darmstadt Germany T +49 (0)6151 900 www.esa.int CLASSIFICATION OF GEOSYNCHRONOUS OBJECTS Produced with the DISCOS Database Prepared by ESA’s Space Debris Office Reference GEN-DB-LOG-00211-OPS-GR Issue 20 Revision 0 Date of Issue 28 May 2018 Status Issued Document Type Technical Note Distribution ESA UNCLASSIFIED - Limited Distribution European Space Agency Agence spatiale europeenne´ Abstract This is a status report on geosynchronous objects as of 1 January 2018. Based on orbital data in ESA’s DISCOS database and on orbital data provided by KIAM the situation near the geostationary ring is analysed. From 1523 objects for which orbital data are available (of which 0 are outdated, i.e. the last available state dates back to 180 or more days before the reference date), 519 are actively controlled, 795 are drifting above, below or through GEO, 189 are in a libration orbit and 19 are in a highly inclined orbit. For 1 object the status could not be determined. Furthermore, there are 59 uncontrolled objects without orbital data (of which 54 have not been cata- logued). Thus the total number of known objects in the geostationary region is 1582. If you detect any error or if you have any comment or question please contact: Stijn Lemmens European Space Agency European Space Operations Center Space Debris Office (OPS-GR) Robert-Bosch-Str. 5 64293 Darmstadt, Germany Tel.: +49-6151-902634 E-mail: [email protected] Page 1 / 187 European Space Agency CLASSIFICATION OF GEOSYNCHRONOUS OBJECTS Agence spatiale europeenne´ Date 28 May 2018 Issue 20 Rev 0 Table of contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Sources 4 2.1 USSTRATCOM Two-Line Elements (TLEs) . -
US Agency for Global Media (USAGM) (Formerly Broadcasting Board of Governors) Operations and Stations Division (T/EOS) Monthly Reports, 2014-2019
Description of document: US Agency for Global Media (USAGM) (formerly Broadcasting Board of Governors) Operations and Stations Division (T/EOS) Monthly Reports, 2014-2019 Requested date: 21-October-2019 Release date: 05-March-2020 Posted date: 23-March-2020 Source of document: USAGM FOIA Office Room 3349 330 Independence Ave. SW Washington, D.C. 20237 ATTN: FOIA/PRivacy Act Officer Fax: (202) 203-4585 Email: [email protected] The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is a First Amendment free speech web site, and is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. UNITED STATES U.S. AGENCY FOR BROADCASTING BOARD OF GLOBAL MEDIA GOVERNORS 330 Independence Avenue SW I Washington, DC 20237 I usagm,gov Office of the General Counsel March 5. -
News Media Industry
Spring 2007 Industry Study Final Report News Media Industry The Industrial College of the Armed Forces National Defense University Fort McNair, Washington, D.C. 20319-5062 i NEWS MEDIA 2007 ABSTRACT: The ability of US citizens to freely express their views and opinions is a gift we must never take for granted. A key means by which our government and citizens communicate is the News Media. This critical industry is now experiencing tremendous change. Technological advances have led to an explosion in communication media that now provide consumers more news options than ever before. Traditional media such as newspapers, television and radio are being forced to develop digital media in order to maintain and attract a wider customer base. Historical advertising and business models are no longer adequate, but finding a replacement has proven difficult. This critical industry will survive the challenges of today, but the future state of the industry remains uncertain. Ms. Janet Anderson, Defense Intelligence Agency COL Florentin Buhos, Romanian Armed Forces Mr. Ed Celentano, The Boeing Company MG Yadmaa Choijamts, Mongolian Armed Forces Ms. Iris Cooper, Dept of Transportation/Maritime Administration Col Ed Daniel, US Air Force-ANG Ms. Nhu-Nga Do, US Navy Ms. Tara Feret Erath, Dept of State LtCol Yori R. Escalante, USMC Mr. Paul Guinee, USCG CDR James Landers, US Navy CDR Joe Mahan, US Navy Col BJ Marshall, US Air Force-ANG COL Bill McCarver, US Army Ms. Shelia Moyer, Dept of State CDR Aaron Stanley, US Navy CAPT Eric Myhre, US Navy, Faculty Col Theodore Ogren, US Air Force, Faculty Lt Col Sean Herr, US Air Force, Faculty Dr.