Abstracts of the International Workshop “ONYGENALES 2020
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The Evolution of Secondary Metabolism Regulation and Pathways in the Aspergillus Genus
THE EVOLUTION OF SECONDARY METABOLISM REGULATION AND PATHWAYS IN THE ASPERGILLUS GENUS By Abigail Lind Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Vanderbilt University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Biomedical Informatics August 11, 2017 Nashville, Tennessee Approved: Antonis Rokas, Ph.D. Tony Capra, Ph.D. Patrick Abbot, Ph.D. Louise Rollins-Smith, Ph.D. Qi Liu, Ph.D. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Many people helped and encouraged me during my years working towards this dissertation. First, I want to thank my advisor, Antonis Rokas, for his support for the past five years. His consistent optimism encouraged me to overcome obstacles, and his scientific insight helped me place my work in a broader scientific context. My committee members, Patrick Abbot, Tony Capra, Louise Rollins-Smith, and Qi Liu have also provided support and encouragement. I have been lucky to work with great people in the Rokas lab who helped me develop ideas, suggested new approaches to problems, and provided constant support. In particular, I want to thank Jen Wisecaver for her mentorship, brilliant suggestions on how to visualize and present my work, and for always being available to talk about science. I also want to thank Xiaofan Zhou for always providing a new perspective on solving a problem. Much of my research at Vanderbilt was only possible with the help of great collaborators. I have had the privilege of working with many great labs, and I want to thank Ana Calvo, Nancy Keller, Gustavo Goldman, Fernando Rodrigues, and members of all of their labs for making the research in my dissertation possible. -
The Phylogeny of Plant and Animal Pathogens in the Ascomycota
Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology (2001) 59, 165±187 doi:10.1006/pmpp.2001.0355, available online at http://www.idealibrary.com on MINI-REVIEW The phylogeny of plant and animal pathogens in the Ascomycota MARY L. BERBEE* Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada (Accepted for publication August 2001) What makes a fungus pathogenic? In this review, phylogenetic inference is used to speculate on the evolution of plant and animal pathogens in the fungal Phylum Ascomycota. A phylogeny is presented using 297 18S ribosomal DNA sequences from GenBank and it is shown that most known plant pathogens are concentrated in four classes in the Ascomycota. Animal pathogens are also concentrated, but in two ascomycete classes that contain few, if any, plant pathogens. Rather than appearing as a constant character of a class, the ability to cause disease in plants and animals was gained and lost repeatedly. The genes that code for some traits involved in pathogenicity or virulence have been cloned and characterized, and so the evolutionary relationships of a few of the genes for enzymes and toxins known to play roles in diseases were explored. In general, these genes are too narrowly distributed and too recent in origin to explain the broad patterns of origin of pathogens. Co-evolution could potentially be part of an explanation for phylogenetic patterns of pathogenesis. Robust phylogenies not only of the fungi, but also of host plants and animals are becoming available, allowing for critical analysis of the nature of co-evolutionary warfare. Host animals, particularly human hosts have had little obvious eect on fungal evolution and most cases of fungal disease in humans appear to represent an evolutionary dead end for the fungus. -
Diversity of Geophilic Dermatophytes Species in the Soils of Iran; the Significant Preponderance of Nannizzia Fulva
Journal of Fungi Article Diversity of Geophilic Dermatophytes Species in the Soils of Iran; The Significant Preponderance of Nannizzia fulva Simin Taghipour 1, Mahdi Abastabar 2, Fahimeh Piri 3, Elham Aboualigalehdari 4, Mohammad Reza Jabbari 2, Hossein Zarrinfar 5 , Sadegh Nouripour-Sisakht 6, Rasoul Mohammadi 7, Bahram Ahmadi 8, Saham Ansari 9, Farzad Katiraee 10 , Farhad Niknejad 11 , Mojtaba Didehdar 12, Mehdi Nazeri 13, Koichi Makimura 14 and Ali Rezaei-Matehkolaei 3,4,* 1 Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord 88157-13471, Iran; [email protected] 2 Invasive Fungi Research Center, Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari 48157-33971, Iran; [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (M.R.J.) 3 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran; [email protected] 4 Department of Medical Mycology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran; [email protected] 5 Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91766-99199, Iran; [email protected] 6 Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj 75919-94799, Iran; [email protected] Citation: Taghipour, S.; Abastabar, M.; 7 Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Piri, F.; Aboualigalehdari, E.; Jabbari, Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran; M.R.; Zarrinfar, H.; Nouripour-Sisakht, [email protected] 8 S.; Mohammadi, R.; Ahmadi, B.; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr 75187-59577, Iran; [email protected] Ansari, S.; et al. -
25 Chrysosporium
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Universidade do Minho: RepositoriUM 25 Chrysosporium Dongyou Liu and R.R.M. Paterson contents 25.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................... 197 25.1.1 Classification and Morphology ............................................................................................................................ 197 25.1.2 Clinical Features .................................................................................................................................................. 198 25.1.3 Diagnosis ............................................................................................................................................................. 199 25.2 Methods ........................................................................................................................................................................... 199 25.2.1 Sample Preparation .............................................................................................................................................. 199 25.2.2 Detection Procedures ........................................................................................................................................... 199 25.3 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................................................200 -
Culture Inventory
For queries, contact the SFA leader: John Dunbar - [email protected] Fungal collection Putative ID Count Ascomycota Incertae sedis 4 Ascomycota Incertae sedis 3 Pseudogymnoascus 1 Basidiomycota Incertae sedis 1 Basidiomycota Incertae sedis 1 Capnodiales 29 Cladosporium 27 Mycosphaerella 1 Penidiella 1 Chaetothyriales 2 Exophiala 2 Coniochaetales 75 Coniochaeta 56 Lecythophora 19 Diaporthales 1 Prosthecium sp 1 Dothideales 16 Aureobasidium 16 Dothideomycetes incertae sedis 3 Dothideomycetes incertae sedis 3 Entylomatales 1 Entyloma 1 Eurotiales 393 Arthrinium 2 Aspergillus 172 Eladia 2 Emericella 5 Eurotiales 2 Neosartorya 1 Paecilomyces 13 Penicillium 176 Talaromyces 16 Thermomyces 4 Exobasidiomycetes incertae sedis 7 Tilletiopsis 7 Filobasidiales 53 Cryptococcus 53 Fungi incertae sedis 13 Fungi incertae sedis 12 Veroneae 1 Glomerellales 1 Glomerella 1 Helotiales 34 Geomyces 32 Helotiales 1 Phialocephala 1 Hypocreales 338 Acremonium 20 Bionectria 15 Cosmospora 1 Cylindrocarpon 2 Fusarium 45 Gibberella 1 Hypocrea 12 Ilyonectria 13 Lecanicillium 5 Myrothecium 9 Nectria 1 Pochonia 29 Purpureocillium 3 Sporothrix 1 Stachybotrys 3 Stanjemonium 2 Tolypocladium 1 Tolypocladium 2 Trichocladium 2 Trichoderma 171 Incertae sedis 20 Oidiodendron 20 Mortierellales 97 Massarineae 2 Mortierella 92 Mortierellales 3 Mortiererallales 2 Mortierella 2 Mucorales 109 Absidia 4 Backusella 1 Gongronella 1 Mucor 25 RhiZopus 13 Umbelopsis 60 Zygorhynchus 5 Myrmecridium 2 Myrmecridium 2 Onygenales 4 Auxarthron 3 Myceliophthora 1 Pezizales 2 PeZiZales 1 TerfeZia 1 -
Chrysosporium Keratinophilum IFM 55160 (AB361656)Biorxiv Preprint 99 Aphanoascus Terreus CBS 504.63 (AJ439443) Doi
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/591503; this version posted April 4, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Characterization of novel Chrysosporium morrisgordonii sp. nov., from bat white-nose syndrome (WNS) affected mines, northeastern United States Tao Zhang1, 2, Ping Ren1, 3, XiaoJiang Li1, Sudha Chaturvedi1, 4*, and Vishnu Chaturvedi1, 4* 1Mycology Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA 2 Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, PR China 3Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA 4Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, Albany, New York, USA *Corresponding authors: Sudha Chaturvedi, [email protected]; Vishnu Chaturvedi, [email protected]. 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/591503; this version posted April 4, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. Abstract Psychrotolerant hyphomycetes including unrecognized taxon are commonly found in bat hibernation sites in Upstate New York. During a mycobiome survey, a new fungal species, Chrysosporium morrisgordonii sp. nov., was isolated from bat White-nose syndrome (WNS) afflicted Graphite mine in Warren County, New York. This taxon was distinguished by its ability to grow at low temperature spectra from 6°C to 25°C. Conidia were tuberculate and thick-walled, globose to subglobose, unicellular, 3.5-4.6 µm ×3.5-4.6 µm, sessile or borne on narrow stalks. -
Geophilic Dermatophytes and Other Keratinophilic Fungi in the Nests of Wetland Birds
ACTA MyCoLoGICA Vol. 46 (1): 83–107 2011 Geophilic dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi in the nests of wetland birds Teresa KoRnIŁŁoWICz-Kowalska1, IGnacy KIToWSKI2 and HELEnA IGLIK1 1Department of Environmental Microbiology, Mycological Laboratory University of Life Sciences in Lublin Leszczyńskiego 7, PL-20-069 Lublin, [email protected] 2Department of zoology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13 PL-20-950 Lublin, [email protected] Korniłłowicz-Kowalska T., Kitowski I., Iglik H.: Geophilic dermatophytes and other keratinophilic fungi in the nests of wetland birds. Acta Mycol. 46 (1): 83–107, 2011. The frequency and species diversity of keratinophilic fungi in 38 nests of nine species of wetland birds were examined. nine species of geophilic dermatophytes and 13 Chrysosporium species were recorded. Ch. keratinophilum, which together with its teleomorph (Aphanoascus fulvescens) represented 53% of the keratinolytic mycobiota of the nests, was the most frequently observed species. Chrysosporium tropicum, Trichophyton terrestre and Microsporum gypseum populations were less widespread. The distribution of individual populations was not uniform and depended on physical and chemical properties of the nests (humidity, pH). Key words: Ascomycota, mitosporic fungi, Chrysosporium, occurrence, distribution INTRODUCTION Geophilic dermatophytes and species representing the Chrysosporium group (an arbitrary term) related to them are ecologically classified as keratinophilic fungi. Ke- ratinophilic fungi colonise keratin matter (feathers, hair, etc., animal remains) in the soil, on soil surface and in other natural environments. They are keratinolytic fungi physiologically specialised in decomposing native keratin. They fully solubilise na- tive keratin (chicken feathers) used as the only source of carbon and energy in liquid cultures after 70 to 126 days of growth (20°C) (Korniłłowicz-Kowalska 1997). -
Collecting and Recording Fungi
British Mycological Society Recording Network Guidance Notes COLLECTING AND RECORDING FUNGI A revision of the Guide to Recording Fungi previously issued (1994) in the BMS Guides for the Amateur Mycologist series. Edited by Richard Iliffe June 2004 (updated August 2006) © British Mycological Society 2006 Table of contents Foreword 2 Introduction 3 Recording 4 Collecting fungi 4 Access to foray sites and the country code 5 Spore prints 6 Field books 7 Index cards 7 Computers 8 Foray Record Sheets 9 Literature for the identification of fungi 9 Help with identification 9 Drying specimens for a herbarium 10 Taxonomy and nomenclature 12 Recent changes in plant taxonomy 12 Recent changes in fungal taxonomy 13 Orders of fungi 14 Nomenclature 15 Synonymy 16 Morph 16 The spore stages of rust fungi 17 A brief history of fungus recording 19 The BMS Fungal Records Database (BMSFRD) 20 Field definitions 20 Entering records in BMSFRD format 22 Locality 22 Associated organism, substrate and ecosystem 22 Ecosystem descriptors 23 Recommended terms for the substrate field 23 Fungi on dung 24 Examples of database field entries 24 Doubtful identifications 25 MycoRec 25 Recording using other programs 25 Manuscript or typescript records 26 Sending records electronically 26 Saving and back-up 27 Viruses 28 Making data available - Intellectual property rights 28 APPENDICES 1 Other relevant publications 30 2 BMS foray record sheet 31 3 NCC ecosystem codes 32 4 Table of orders of fungi 34 5 Herbaria in UK and Europe 35 6 Help with identification 36 7 Useful contacts 39 8 List of Fungus Recording Groups 40 9 BMS Keys – list of contents 42 10 The BMS website 43 11 Copyright licence form 45 12 Guidelines for field mycologists: the practical interpretation of Section 21 of the Drugs Act 2005 46 1 Foreword In June 2000 the British Mycological Society Recording Network (BMSRN), as it is now known, held its Annual Group Leaders’ Meeting at Littledean, Gloucestershire. -
An Annotated Check-List of Ascomycota Reported from Soil and Other Terricolous Substrates in Egypt A
Journal of Basic & Applied Mycology 2 (2011): 1-27 1 © 2010 by The Society of Basic & Applied Mycology (EGYPT) An annotated check-list of Ascomycota reported from soil and other terricolous substrates in Egypt A. F. Moustafa* & A. M. Abdel – Azeem Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Suez *Corresponding author: e-mail: Canal, Ismailia 41522, Egypt [email protected] Received 26/6/2010, Accepted 6/4 /2011 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract: By screening of available sources of information, it was possible to figure out a range of 310 taxa that could be representing Egyptian Ascomycota up to the present time. In this treatment, concern was given to ascomycetous fungi of almost all terricolous substrates while phytopathogenic and aquatic forms are not included. According to the scheme proposed by Kirk et al. (2008), reported taxa in Egypt belonged to 88 genera in 31 families, and 11 orders. In view of this scheme, very few numbers of taxa remained without certain taxonomic position (incertae sedis). It is also worthy to be mentioned that among species included in the list, twenty-eight are introduced to the ascosporic mycobiota as novel taxa based on type materials collected from Egyptian habitats. The list includes also 19 species which are considered new records to the general mycobiota of Egypt. When species richness and substrate preference, as important ecological parameters, are considered, it has been noticed that Egyptian Ascomycota shows some interesting features noteworthy to be mentioned. At the substrate level, clay soils, came first by hosting a range of 108 taxa followed by desert soils (60 taxa). -
Identification of Culture-Negative Fungi in Blood and Respiratory Samples
IDENTIFICATION OF CULTURE-NEGATIVE FUNGI IN BLOOD AND RESPIRATORY SAMPLES Farida P. Sidiq A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY May 2014 Committee: Scott O. Rogers, Advisor W. Robert Midden Graduate Faculty Representative George Bullerjahn Raymond Larsen Vipaporn Phuntumart © 2014 Farida P. Sidiq All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Scott O. Rogers, Advisor Fungi were identified as early as the 1800’s as potential human pathogens, and have since been shown as being capable of causing disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised people. Clinical diagnosis of fungal infections has largely relied upon traditional microbiological culture techniques and examination of positive cultures and histopathological specimens utilizing microscopy. The first has been shown to be highly insensitive and prone to result in frequent false negatives. This is complicated by atypical phenotypes and organisms that are morphologically indistinguishable in tissues. Delays in diagnosis of fungal infections and inaccurate identification of infectious organisms contribute to increased morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients who exhibit increased vulnerability to opportunistic infection by normally nonpathogenic fungi. In this study we have retrospectively examined one-hundred culture negative whole blood samples and one-hundred culture negative respiratory samples obtained from the clinical microbiology lab at the University of Michigan Hospital in Ann Arbor, MI. Samples were obtained from randomized, heterogeneous patient populations collected between 2005 and 2006. Specimens were tested utilizing cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction amplification of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA utilizing panfungal ITS primers. -
PREVALENCE of Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton SPECIES CAUSING Tinea Capitis in CHILDREN AGED 3-14 YEARS in MATHARE INFORMAL SETTLEMENT, NAIROBI, KENYA
PREVALENCE OF Trichophyton, Microsporum AND Epidermophyton SPECIES CAUSING Tinea capitis IN CHILDREN AGED 3-14 YEARS IN MATHARE INFORMAL SETTLEMENT, NAIROBI, KENYA MOTO JEDIDAH NDUNGE (B. Ed. Sc.) Reg. No. I56/21427/2010 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (MICROBIOLOGY) IN THE SCHOOL OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF KENYATTA UNIVERSITY. October 2014 ii DECLARATION This is my original work and has not been presented for a degree or any other award in any other university or any other institution of higher learning. Signature Date Name: Moto Jedidah Ndunge Department of Microbiology APPROVAL BY SUPERVISORS This thesis has been submitted for examination with our approval as University supervisors. Dr. John M. Maingi Department of Microbiology, Kenyatta University. Signature Date Dr. Anthony Kebira Department of Microbiology, Kenyatta University. Signature Date iii DEDICATION To the Lord my God, I give the sacrifice of thanks giving. To my beloved husband Mr. Patrick Mulandi, I thank you for your love, moral support, constant encouragement and financial assistance to make this dream come true of pursuing a higher education. To our children Mark Musyoka and Blessing Mutheu who in your tender age needed your mother’s love and care and yet very patiently waited for the entire months that I was away from home. GOD BLESS YOU. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I acknowledge with gratitude the tireless efforts and support made by the following: - The lecturers of Department of Plant and Microbial Sciences, Kenyatta University for their advisory contributions in various ways. In a very special way, I thank my supervisors Dr. -
SYSTEMATICS of DIVISION ASCOMYCOTA 1 Group
References: Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA. 2008. Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. Webster, J., & Weber, R. (2007). Introduction to fungi. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Url1.: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascomycota SYSTEMATICS OF DIVISION ASCOMYCOTA 1 Group: Plectomycetes Plectomycetes is an artificial group of Ascomycota and it originally contained all Ascomycete fungi which produce their asci within a cleistothecium. Plectomycetes can be defined by the following set of characters; Cleistothecium or gymnothecium is usually present, ascogenous hyphae are usually not conspicuous, asci are scattered throughout the cleistothecium, asci are mostly globose and thin-walled, and the ascospores are released passively after disintegration of the ascus wall, not by active discharge, ascospores are small, unicellular and usually spherical or ovoid, conidia are commonly produced from phialides or as arthroconidia. Class: Eurotiomycetes Most members of the class produce an enclosed structure cleistothecium within which they produce their spores. It contains 10 order, 27 families 280 genus and about 3400 species. Order: Onygenales Onygenales members are able to digest keratin and because of this have become dominant organisms in environments where keratin is available. The most members have colorless cleistothecia and ascospores. The spherical to egg-shaped asci are always uniformly packed in the centrum and may be dispersed among hyphal elements. The ascospores are always single-celled (example: Chrysosporium, Microsporum and Trichophyton). Order: Eurotiales Most members of the order have phialidic asexual stages belonging to the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium or, less commonly, to Paecilomyces or even simpler types. Rarely there is no anamorph at all.