Lab on a Chip Systems for Biochemical Analysis, Biology and Synthesis
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Detection of Dna Hybridization on a Configurable Digital Microfluidic
DETECTION OF DNA HYBRIDIZATION ON A CONFIGURABLE DIGITAL MICROFLUIDIC BIO- CHIP USING SPR IMAGING Lidija Malic1, Teodor Veres2 and Maryam Tabrizian1 1Biomedical Engineering Department, McGill University, CANADA and 2Industrial Materials Institute, National Research Council, CANADA ABSTRACT This paper presents a configurable digital microfluidic-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biochip platform comprising an electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) microfluidic device coupled to SPR imaging (SPRi). We demonstrate its application for dynamic on-chip simultaneous immobilization of different DNA probes in combination with multichannel label-free real-time detection of subse- quent hybridization reactions. The integrated EWOD-SPRi system would enable the development of high-throughput, rapid and ultrasensitive biomolecular detection strategies beyond DNA microarray applications. KEYWORDS: Digital microfluidics, EWOD, SPR imaging, DNA hybridization INTRODUCTION EWOD microfluidics has attracted considerable attention in the past decade and the most recent efforts are directed towards its application in biomedical research [1- 3]. While these studies demonstrate the versatility of EWOD devices, the reported applications involve homogeneous phase reactions [4] and detection methods that require labeled biomolecules [2] or sample extraction from the chip [1]. This in- creases both the time and complexity of the assay. To introduce new applications relying on label-free, real-time surface sensitive detection techniques such as SPRi, it would be advantageous to use droplet-based EWOD actuation for surface specific biomolecule immobilization. However, the need of hydrophobic properties for EWOD actuation renders immobilization of biomolecules such as DNA on the sur- face of the chip impossible [3, 4]. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time the use of an EWOD microfluidic chip to dynamically immobilize DNA probes in a two-dimensional array, followed by SPRi detection of bioaffinity interactions. -
Lab on a Chip
Lab on a Chip View Article Online CRITICAL REVIEW View Journal | View Issue Entrepreneurship†‡ Ali K. Yetisen,*a Lisa R. Volpatti,b Ahmet F. Coskun,c Sangyeon Cho,ad Cite this: Lab Chip,2015,15,3638 Ehsan Kamrani,a Haider Butt,e Ali Khademhosseinidfgh and Seok Hyun Yun*ad High-tech businesses are the driving force behind global knowledge-based economies. Academic institu- tions have positioned themselves to serve the high-tech industry through consulting, licensing, and univer- sity spinoffs. The awareness of commercialization strategies and building an entrepreneurial culture can help academics to efficiently transfer their inventions to the market to achieve the maximum value. Here, the concept of high-tech entrepreneurship is discussed from lab to market in technology-intensive sectors such as nanotechnology, photonics, and biotechnology, specifically in the context of lab-on-a-chip Received 26th May 2015, devices. This article provides strategies for choosing a commercialization approach, financing a startup, Accepted 22nd July 2015 marketing a product, and planning an exit. Common reasons for startup company failures are discussed and guidelines to overcome these challenges are suggested. The discussion is supplemented with case DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00577a studies of successful and failed companies. Identifying a market need, assembling a motivated manage- www.rsc.org/loc ment team, managing resources, and obtaining experienced mentors lead to a successful exit. 1. The university entrepreneur channels for global integration and technology transfer through multinational corporations. Knowledge spillovers The era of global entrepreneurship offers worldwide trade, from academic institutions to private industry are major driv- – international capital and investment, intercontinental supply ing force behind economic growth and increase in welfare.1 3 chains, migration of talent, and expansion of knowledge- Increasing investment in research is an incentive for universi- based economies. -
The Royal Society of Chemistry Turns Its Focus on Researchers with Better Search and Measurement Tools
The Royal Society of Chemistry turns its focus on researchers with better search and measurement tools The Royal Society of Chemistry offers a publishing platform providing access to over a million chemical science articles, book chapters and abstracts. Like many publishers of high quality peer-reviewed content, they are under pressure from their community to innovate quickly and harness digital technology in new ways that add value, simplicity and easier access to the research workflow. About Will Russell is responsible for some of the new technical developments • pubs.rsc.org at the Royal Society of Chemistry. “Although we do a lot of in-house • rsc.org development, we need to understand where developments can be • Location: Cambridge UK with improved by working with partners,” he says. “I really believe in the additional editorial teams in Beijing, benefit of strategic technology partnerships with an external partner. China, Bangalore India and There is the speed of getting a key utility to the market and this offers Washington D.C. USA us a tremendous business advantage.” • Scientific publisher of high-impact journals and books “We have journals going back to 1841,” he says. “We started migrating People print content online in the late 1990s. Our biggest challenge now is how • Will Russell we will deliver content in the future in the most useful way for the Business Relationship Manager researcher.” Goals Will pinpoints a way forward. “There are new opportunities presented • Embrace new technology to remain by open science and alternative metrics, and increasing importance competitive against innovative attached to data and open data,” he says. -
Introducing the IMED Biotech Unit What Science Can Do Introduction What Science Can Do
Introducing the IMED Biotech Unit What science can do Introduction What science can do At AstraZeneca, our purpose is to push the Our IMED Biotech Unit applies its research and Our approach to R&D development capabilities and technologies to The IMED Biotech Unit plays a critical boundaries of science to deliver life-changing accelerate the progress of our pipeline. Through role in driving AstraZeneca’s success. Working together with MedImmune, medicines. We achieve this by placing science great collaboration across our three science units, our global biologics arm and Global we are confident that we can deliver the next wave Medicines Development (GMD), our at the centre of everything we do. late-stage development organisation, of innovative medicines to transform the lives of we are ensuring we deliver an innovative patients around the world. and sustainable pipeline. Pancreatic beta cells at different Eosinophil prior to Minute pieces of circulating tumour DNA stages of regeneration apoptosis (ctDNA) in the bloodstream IMED Biotech Unit MedImmune Global Medicines Development Focuses on driving scientific advances Focuses on biologics research and Focuses on late-stage development in small molecules, oligonucleotides and development in therapeutic proteins, of our innovative pipeline, transforming other emerging platforms to push the monoclonal antibodies and other next- exciting science into valued new boundaries of medical science. generation molecules to attack a range medicines and ensuring patients of diseases. around the world can access them. It’s science that compels us to push the boundaries of what is possible. We trust in the potential of ideas and pursue them, alone and with others, until we have transformed the treatment of disease. -
Structure and Function Of
8/5/2019 Micro Array /DNA chip` It is collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface usually glass, plastic or silicon biochip Each DNA spot contains • picomoles (10−12 moles) of a specific DNA sequence • known as probes or reporters . • These can be a short section of a gene • Other DNA element that are used to hybridize a cDNA The original nucleic acid arrays were macro arrays approximately 9 cm × 12 cm Micro Array /DNA chip` Micro Array /DNA chip` cRNA sample (called target) • Probe-target hybridization • Detected • Quantified • detection of fluorophore- silver-, or chemiluminescence-labeled targets Example of an approximately 40,000 probe spotted 1 8/5/2019 Micro Array /DNA chip` Micro Array/ DNA chip` Use • To determine relative abundance of nucleic acid sequences in the target. • To measure the expression levels of large numbers of genes simultaneously • detect RNA (most commonly as cDNA after reverse transcription) • To genotype multiple regions of a genome. Microarray Analysis Techniques Microarray Analysis Techniques Microarray manufacturers LIMMA • Affymetrix • A set of tools for background correction • Agilent MA plots Comparing two different arrays • To plot the data. • Two different samples • R, MATLAB, and Excel • Hybridized to the same array • For adjustments for systematic errors introduced • Differences in procedures • Dye intensity effects. 2 8/5/2019 Protein synthesis • Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules direct Median polish Algorithm the assembly of proteins on ribosomes. The median polish is an exploratory data analy sis procedure proposed by the statistician John Tukey. • Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are used Data Normalization to to deliver amino acids to the ribosome • Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) then links amino acids together to form proteins. -
Lab-On-Chip Microdevices for Capturing, Imaging and Counting White Blood Cells
LAB-ON-CHIP MICRODEVICES FOR CAPTURING, IMAGING AND COUNTING WHITE BLOOD CELLS by Anurag Tripathi A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Mechanical Engineering) in The University of Michigan 2012 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Nikolaos Chronis, Chair Associate Professor Katsuo Kurabayashi Assistant Professor Jianping Fu Assistant Professor Sunitha Nagrath To The Almighty And To My Family & Friends ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS It is my honor and absolute pleasure to acknowledge people who made this thesis possible. First and foremost, I would like to thank my advisor Dr. Nikos Chronis whose guidance and training enabled me to develop skills in microfabrication and microfluidics technology. More than the technical knowledge I gained from Dr. Chronis in the past five years, he taught me the virtues of hard work, sincerity and integrity. In the toughest of situations, his patience and understanding provided me with courage and confidence and enabled me to see through those hard times. He inculcated a strong aptitude for research in me and his ‘never give up’ principle left an indelible impression on my problem solving approach. I would be eternally grateful to Dr. Chronis for mentoring me and transforming me into a better researcher and a better human being. A big gratitude is in order for the other three members of my thesis dissertation committee, Dr. Katsuo Kurabayashi, Dr. Jianping Fu and Dr. Sunitha Nagrath. It was a privilege to have them on my committee. I thank them wholeheartedly for their valuable inputs during the Ph.D. preliminary examinations. I acknowledge the encouragement they provided to my research and would like to thank them for their support and motivation all this while. -
Lab on a Chip
Lab on a Chip View Article Online PAPER View Journal On-chip integration of droplet microfluidics and nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry for Cite this: DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01182a enzyme screening† Joshua Heinemann,ab Kai Deng,ac Steve C. C. Shih,f Jian Gao,b Paul D. Adams,abe Anup K. Singhac and Trent R. Northen*abd Biological assays often require expensive reagents and tedious manipulations. These shortcomings can be overcome using digitally operated microfluidic devices that require reduced sample volumes to automate assays. One particular challenge is integrating bioassays with mass spectrometry based analysis. Towards this goal we have developed μNIMS, a highly sensitive and high throughput technique that integrates drop- let microfluidics with nanostructure-initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS). Enzyme reactions are carried out in droplets that can be arrayed on discrete NIMS elements at defined time intervals for subsequent mass spectrometry analysis, enabling time resolved enzyme activity assay. We apply the μNIMS platform for ki- Received 20th September 2016, netic characterization of a glycoside hydrolase enzyme (CelE-CMB3A), a chimeric enzyme capable of Accepted 2nd December 2016 deconstructing plant hemicellulose into monosaccharides for subsequent conversion to biofuel. This study reveals NIMS nanostructures can be fabricated into arrays for microfluidic droplet deposition, NIMS is com- DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01182a patible with droplet and digital microfluidics, and can be used on-chip to assay glycoside hydrolase enzyme www.rsc.org/loc -
The Bio Revolution: Innovations Transforming and Our Societies, Economies, Lives
The Bio Revolution: Innovations transforming economies, societies, and our lives economies, societies, our and transforming Innovations Revolution: Bio The The Bio Revolution Innovations transforming economies, societies, and our lives May 2020 McKinsey Global Institute Since its founding in 1990, the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) has sought to develop a deeper understanding of the evolving global economy. As the business and economics research arm of McKinsey & Company, MGI aims to help leaders in the commercial, public, and social sectors understand trends and forces shaping the global economy. MGI research combines the disciplines of economics and management, employing the analytical tools of economics with the insights of business leaders. Our “micro-to-macro” methodology examines microeconomic industry trends to better understand the broad macroeconomic forces affecting business strategy and public policy. MGI’s in-depth reports have covered more than 20 countries and 30 industries. Current research focuses on six themes: productivity and growth, natural resources, labor markets, the evolution of global financial markets, the economic impact of technology and innovation, and urbanization. Recent reports have assessed the digital economy, the impact of AI and automation on employment, physical climate risk, income inequal ity, the productivity puzzle, the economic benefits of tackling gender inequality, a new era of global competition, Chinese innovation, and digital and financial globalization. MGI is led by three McKinsey & Company senior partners: co-chairs James Manyika and Sven Smit, and director Jonathan Woetzel. Michael Chui, Susan Lund, Anu Madgavkar, Jan Mischke, Sree Ramaswamy, Jaana Remes, Jeongmin Seong, and Tilman Tacke are MGI partners, and Mekala Krishnan is an MGI senior fellow. -
Chemistry Subject Ejournal Packages
Chemistry subject eJournal packages Subject Included journals No. of journals Analyst; Biomaterials Science; Food & Function; Journal of Materials Chemistry B; Lab on a Chip; Metallomics; Molecular Omics; Biological chemistry Molecular Systems Design & Engineering; Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences; Toxicology Research 10 Catalysis Science & Technology; Dalton Transactions; Energy & Environmental Science; Green Chemistry; Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry; Catalysis science Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences; Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics; Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 8 Lab on a Chip; MedChemComm; Metallomics; Molecular Omics; Natural Product Reports; Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry; Photochemical Biochemistry & Photobiological Sciences; Toxicology Research 8 CrystEngComm; Energy & Environmental Science; Green Chemistry; Journal of Materials Chemistry A; Molecular Systems Design & Energy Engineering; Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics; Journal of Materials Chemistry 7 Energy & Environmental Science; Environmental Science: Nano; Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts; Environmental Science: Environmental Science Water Research & Technology; Green Chemistry; Journal of Materials Chemistry A & C; Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences; Reaction 8 Chemistry & Engineering Food science Analyst; Analytical Methods; Food & Function; Lap on a Chip 4 Catalysis Science & Technology; CrystEngComm; Dalton Transactions; Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers; Metallomics; Photochemical & Inorganic chemistry Photobiological Sciences; -
Guide to Biotechnology 2008
guide to biotechnology 2008 research & development health bioethics innovate industrial & environmental food & agriculture biodefense Biotechnology Industry Organization 1201 Maryland Avenue, SW imagine Suite 900 Washington, DC 20024 intellectual property 202.962.9200 (phone) 202.488.6301 (fax) bio.org inform bio.org The Guide to Biotechnology is compiled by the Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) Editors Roxanna Guilford-Blake Debbie Strickland Contributors BIO Staff table of Contents Biotechnology: A Collection of Technologies 1 Regenerative Medicine ................................................. 36 What Is Biotechnology? .................................................. 1 Vaccines ....................................................................... 37 Cells and Biological Molecules ........................................ 1 Plant-Made Pharmaceuticals ........................................ 37 Therapeutic Development Overview .............................. 38 Biotechnology Industry Facts 2 Market Capitalization, 1994–2006 .................................. 3 Agricultural Production Applications 41 U.S. Biotech Industry Statistics: 1995–2006 ................... 3 Crop Biotechnology ...................................................... 41 U.S. Public Companies by Region, 2006 ........................ 4 Forest Biotechnology .................................................... 44 Total Financing, 1998–2007 (in billions of U.S. dollars) .... 4 Animal Biotechnology ................................................... 45 Biotech -
Lab on a Chip
Lab on a Chip PAPER Experimental and numerical studies on standing surface acoustic wave microfluidics† Cite this: Lab Chip,2016,16,515 Zhangming Mao,a Yuliang Xie,ab Feng Guo,a Liqiang Ren,a Po-Hsun Huang,a Yuchao Chen,a Joseph Rufo,a Francesco Costanzoa and Tony Jun Huang*a Standing surface acoustic waves (SSAW) are commonly used in microfluidics to manipulate cells and other micro/nano particles. However, except for a simple one-dimensional (1D) harmonic standing waves (HSW) model, a practical model that can predict particle behaviour in SSAW microfluidics is still lacking. Herein, we established a two-dimensional (2D) SSAW microfluidic model based on the basic theory in acoustophoresis and our previous modelling strategy to predict the acoustophoresis of microparticles in SSAW microfluidics. This 2D SSAW microfluidic model considers the effects of boundary vibrations, channel materials, and channel dimensions on the acoustic propagation; as an experimental validation, the acoustophoresis of microparticles under continuous flow through narrow channels made of PDMS and sili- Received 23rd June 2015, con was studied. The experimentally observed motion of the microparticles matched well with the numeri- Accepted 21st August 2015 cal predictions, while the 1D HSW model failed to predict many of the experimental observations. Particu- larly, the 1D HSW model cannot account for particle aggregation on the sidewall in PDMS channels, which DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00707k is well explained by our 2D SSAW microfluidic model. Our model can be used for -
New Journal and Database Subscriptions – 2012 -2013
NEW JOURNAL AND DATABASE SUBSCRIPTIONS – 2012 -2013 New Journals Afterall: A Journal of Art, Context and Enquiry American Biology Teacher American Journal of Bioethics American Political Thought Annals of Tourism Research Art Documentation Biodiversity and Conservation Biomaterials Science BioScience Boom: A Journal of California California Archaeology California Management Review Catalysis Science & Technology Chemical Hazards in Industry China Journal Classical Antiquity Classical Philology Crime and Justice Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy Education in Chemistry Educational Technology Research Development Elephant Ethics Federal Sentencing Reporter Food & Function Frankie Gastronomica: The Journal of Food and Culture Haaretz Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences HOPOS: The Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science Huntington Library Quarterly Indian Country Today Indonesia Journal Information, Communication & Society Innovation Policy and the Economy Integrative Biology Issues in Environmental Science and Technology Journal of Applied Remote Sensing Journal of Digital Media Management Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences Journal of Human Capital Journal of Labor Economics Journal of Leisure Research Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS Journal of Modern History Journal of Nanophotonics Journal of North African Studies Journal of Palestine Studies Journal of Photonics for Energy Journal