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INVENTORY OF THE NEKES COLLECTION OF OPTICAL DEVICES, PRINTS, AND GAMES, 1700-1996, bulk 1740-1920

Finding Aid prepared by Isotta Poggi Getty Research Institute Research Library Special Collections and Visual Resources 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 1100 Los Angeles, CA 90049-1688 Phone: (310) 440-7390 Fax: (310) 440-7780 Email requests: http://www.getty.edu/research/conducting_research/library/reference_form.html URL: http://www.getty.edu/research/conduction_research/library/ ©2007 J. Paul Getty Trust

93.R.118 1 INVENTORY OF THE NEKES COLLECTION OF OPTICAL DEVICES, PRINTS, AND GAMES, 1700-1996, bulk 1740-1920

Accession no. 93.R.118

Finding aid prepared by Isotta Poggi Getty Research Institute Contact Information: Getty Research Institute Research Library Special Collections and Visual Resources 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 1100 Los Angeles, California 90049-1688 Phone: (310) 440-7390 Fax: (310) 440-7780 Email requests: http://www.getty.edu/research/conducting_research/library/reference_form.html URL: http://www.getty.edu/research/conducting_research/library/ Processed by: Isotta Poggi Date Completed: 1998 Encoded by: Aptara ©2007 J. Paul Getty Trust

Descriptive Summary Title: Nekes collection of optical devices, prints, and games Dates: 1700-1996 Dates: 1740-1920 Collection number: 93.R.118 Collector: Nekes, Werner Extent: 45 linear feet (75 boxes, 1 flat file folder) Repository: Getty Research Institute Research Libary Special Collections and Visual Resources 1200 Getty Center Drive, Suite 1100 Los Angeles, CA 90049-1688 Abstract: German filmmaker. The collection charts the nature of visual perception in modern European culture at a time when pre-cinema objects evolved from instruments of natural magic to devices for entertainment. Most of the items date from the mid-18th century to the early 20th century. Request Materials: To access physical materials on site, go to the library catalog record for this collection and click "Request an Item." Click here for access policy . Language: Collection material is in French, German and English. Access Open for use by qualified researchers. Publication Rights Contact Library Rights and Reproductions Preferred Citation

93.R.118 2 Nekes collection of optical devices, prints, and games, 1700-1996, bulk 1740-1920, Research Library, The Getty Research Institute, Accession no. 93.R.118 Acquisition Information This collection, acquired in 1993, is a portion of the larger collection of optical devices, prints and games assembled by the German experimental filmmaker Werner Nekes. Processing History The collection was initially rehoused by Hillary Brown. In 1995-1997 it was processed and cataloged by Isotta Poggi. The collection was re-boxed by Alan Tomlinson in April 1999. The finding aid was edited by Jocelyn Gibbs in 1998-99. A large portion of the collection was included in the exhibition Devices of Wonder: From the World in a Box to Images on a Screen, 2000 at the J. Paul Getty Museum. Biographical / Historical Note Already a collector in his early childhood, Werner Nekes turned his interest to and cinema history when he reached his twenties. While he was a student of linguistic philology and psychology in Freiburg and Bonn in the mid-1960s he worked on his first film. Between 1969 and 1972 he taught at the Academy of Visual Arts in Hamburg. While doing research for an article on , he began to collect devices, prints, and books related to pre-cinema technologies and entertainment. Ten years later, when he finally found an original set of thaumatropes in Cologne, he had assembled a broad range of material concerning anamorphosis, panoramas, camera obscuras, peepshows, metamorphosis, shadowgraphy, and optical illusions along with a supporting library. In the early 1980s he taught first as visiting professor at Wuppertal and later at the Academy of Art and Design in Offenbach. Some years later he worked as a consultant for the pre-cinema galleries of the Deutsches Film Museum in Frankfurt and co-founded the North Rhine-Westfalia film office, as well as the International Center for New Cinema in Riga. In this period he also designed and installed a room-sized walk-through in a former Wasserturm, which had been turned into a museum in Mülheim a. d. Ruhr. In 1992, in the same museum, he exhibited his pre-cinema collection in the exhibition Von der Camera Obscura zum Film. In 1993 he organized the exhibition Schattenprojektionen and directed the Internationales Schatten-theaterfestival in Oberhausen. Since 1965 Nekes has directed more than 70 (see his filmography in Appendix 1) including a series of documentaries that demonstrate how early optical devices, prints, and other objects contributed to the development of popular entertainment as well as to the evolution of cinema technologies. In these documentaries (available in the Getty Research Library on videotape) he used the material from his own collection, a portion of which was acquired by the Getty Research Institute in 1993. Scope and Content of Collection The Nekes collection of optical devices, prints, and games charts the nature of visual perception in modern West European culture and the rise of popular artifacts which used movement and tricks of visual perception to amuse and astonish. The items date from circa 1700 to the early 20th century, with the bulk dating from the mid-18th century to the early 20th century. The collection contains rare items such as a French camera obscura, circa 1750, as well as popular images, such as 19th-century slides, paper silhouettes and greeting cards with moving parts. Other items include an 18th-century peepshow, peepshow prints, over 100 megalographs, a camera lucida, a Lorrain , a , anamorphosis watercolors accompanied by a cone viewer, and circa 20 collapsible Engelbrecht perspective theatres. Arrangement Arranged in four series: Prints, circa 1700-1996 Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980 Subjects - Topics (Cinematography)--Instruments. Drawing instruments Optical instruments Popular culture--Europe Genres and Forms of Material Advertising cards--1800-1900 Amusements Anamorphoses Camera lucidas Camera obscuras

93.R.118 3 Card games--1700-1900 Cast shadows Educational games Educational toys Engravings--Europe--18th century Engravings--Europe--19th century Flip books Games Lantern slides Magic lanterns Miniature theaters Montages--1700-1900 --1700-1900 Optical illusions Peepshows Phenakistoscopes Physionotrace works Prints--Europe--18th century Prints--Europe--19th century Thaumatropes Stereoscopic photographs --1700-1900 Toys Vues d'optique Contributors Boilly, Louis, 1761-1845 Campe, Friedrich, 1777-1846 Hogarth, William, 1697-1764 Shénan, J. E. Spooner, William Imagerie Pellerin (Epinal, France) L. Saussine (Firm) Riley Brothers, Ltd. S. W. Fores (Firm) Liebig's Extract of Meat Company Titles Optical devices collection (Getty Research Institute) Prints collection (Getty Research Institute)

Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Scope and Content Note Series comprises a variety of illustrations, most of which illustrate optical phenomena and the use of optical devices and toys. A few are toys designed to be manipulated so as to produce visual effects involving movement or transformation. Series is arranged in 2 subseries.

93.R.118 4 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IA. Prints depicting optical devices and optical phenomena, 1700-1996

Series IA. Prints depicting optical devices and optical phenomena, 1700-1996 Scope and Content Note Anamorphosis is represented in two documentary images that illustrate how to design anamorphic projections. A print by Hogarth depicts the result of misinterpreting the rules of perspective; several prints show an early 20th-century fictional vision of scientific progress and inventions in the year 2000 (from the series En l'an 2000). One print shows the manufacture of glass, and others show various optical devices (such as the zograscope, the camera lucida, and the magic lantern) and electricity. Twelve printed items show the use of the magic lantern. In one example the magic lantern is used as a slide in strategic military planning. Another (oversize) print, by J.E. Shénan, illustrates the atmosphere of a magic lantern entertainment show in the late 18th century (La laterne magique). One print shows dendrites and mineral abstract compositions (see also Series III for a florentine stone whose patterns resemble a Tuscan city skyline). Other oversize prints include two prints after paintings by L. Boilly, L'Amour couronnée and L'Optique, (the latter depicts the zograscope used for entertainment at home) and three posters advertise Werner Nekes'exhibition, Schatten Projektionen (held in Germany in Spring 1993), and his film series, Was geschah wirklich zwischen den Bilder? in which Nekes shows artifacts from his collection, many of which are now in the Getty collection. Southwark Fair (after Hogarth) and four other prints illustrate various types of peepshow boxes and depict itinerant showmen carrying peepshows on their backs. The optical phenomenon known as is represented in a technical print which depicts a , and in a small advertising image for a . A Lavater engraving shows how profiles may be traced by means of projected shadows. A manual contains instructions on how to cast shadows on a wall. Also included are prints with moveable or foldable parts (such as the cutout forms from the Imagerie d'Épinal, designed to turn in the wind, and a satirical image depicting a couple whose heads revolve). Other printed items for children are meant to be cutup and reassembled.

Box 1*, Folder 1 [Engraving about anamorphosis after J. Holbein painting], circa 1850 Scope and Content Note Paris; chez Chereau et Joubert, rue des Mathurins aux deux Pilliers d'Or; J. A. Piérron Sculp.

Box 1*, Folder 1 [2 prints about anamorphosis], 1753 Scope and Content Note From Alexandre Savérien, Dictionnaire Universal de Mathematique et de Physique. Paris. Tome I, plate XXXV and plate XXXVII.

Box 1*, Folder 2 Le Verre, 1850s-1870s Scope and Content Note Paris; Typographie E. Meyer, 22 rue de Verneuil; From: Delbrück, Jules. Les récréations instructives. Paris: G. Borrani. circa 1860-62. Vol. I. Illustrates glass manufacturing and a magic lantern and a peepshow; Colored engraving; 30x39cm.

Box 1*, Folder 2 Das Ballongespenst, 1889? Scope and Content Note Germany; Gebrüder Kröner; Original-zeichnung von C.G.Robech. Date handwritten on verso. Wood engraving depicting reflection; 32x24cm.

Box 1*, Folder 3 [Color wood engraving with 12 scenes], 1800s Scope and Content Note Printed in The Netherlands. One of the scenes depicts the zograscope; 30x37cm.

93.R.118 5 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IA. Prints depicting optical devices and optical phenomena, 1700-1996

Box 1*, Folder 3 [Camera lucida], 1800s Scope and Content Note Printed image from a German magazine.

Box 1*, Folder 4 Catoptrics: plate CXXVIII, circa 1800 Scope and Content Note A Bell Prin. Wal. sculptor fecit. Engraving; 26.5x20cm.

Box 1*, Folder 4 El progreso científico; El Fotófono : Aparatos Para “oir la luz” y “ver el sonido, 1890 Scope and Content Note Spain. Engraving from unidentifed printed source; 15x24cm.

Box 1*, Folder 5 Whoever makes a design without the knowledge of perspective will be liable to such obscurities as are shown in the print, 1700s Scope and Content Note England, W. Hogarth, J. Moore Sculp. Engraving; 14.5x12 cm.

Box 1*, Folder 5 L’ Electricité, undated Scope and Content Note Paris. Showing uses of electricity. Colored wood engraving; 26x37.5cm.

Box 1*, Folder 6-9 En l'an 2000, circa 1900 Scope and Content Note 8 color lithograph sheets with 82 cards whose images envision life in the year 2000 (including one with caption, Correspondance Cinéma-Phono-Télégraphique); 10.5 x 12.5 cm. and smaller. 2 prints per folder.

Box 1*, Folder 10 Mr. & Mrs. Caudle during the various curtain lectures, 1800s Scope and Content Note London, published by William Spooner, 377 Strand; Kohler & L'Enfant lith. Printers. Two prints with moving parts, with revolving heads. Color lithograph; 32x25 cm. Fragile.

Box 1*, Folder 10 Carriage at pleasure, 1860 Scope and Content Note France. With fold-up window. Colored engraving; 23x28 cm.

Box 1*, Folder 11 Naturspiele: Dendriten and Florentiner Ruinen-Marmor, 1700s Scope and Content Note Germany, J.H. Schnuzer. Color engraving with three figures showing dendrites and the Florentine stone; with related text (Miscellanea, Vol IX, No. 28) in German, French, Latin, and Hungarian (?); 25x20cm. See also Box 30 for a Florentine / Tuscany stone.

Box 1*, Folder 11 Constructions Petit, 1870s? Scope and Content Note Imagerie de P. Didion, à Metz, Delhalt Successeur; Déposé à Metz et à Nancy. Format Transformations no. 71. Transformation pictures for children on one sheet meant to be cut up in order to form new pictures. Color wood engraving; 38x26cm.

93.R.118 6 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IA. Prints depicting optical devices and optical phenomena, 1700-1996

Box 1*, Folder 12 [Cut-out shapes for children] undated Scope and Content Note French; Imagerie d'Épinal; Pellerin & Cie. To create mechanical forms animated by wind. 3 color wood engravings.

Box 1*, Folder 12 Moulin à vent Physical Description: 2 sheets, No 1001, 1024.

Box 1*, Folder 12 Scierie Physical Description: No. 1006.

Box 1*, Folder 12 La Maison du Forgeron Physical Description: No. 1002. 29.5 x 40 cm.

Box 1*, Folder 13 Decoraciones de Teatro, 1840 Physical Description: 3 items Scope and Content Note Barcelona; Lit. de hijos de Paluzíe. Color wood engravings; 37x46 cm.

Box 1*, Folder 13 Decoraciones de teatro de casa rustica #1007 Box 1*, Folder 13 Decoraciones de teatro: Bastidores #1020 Box 1*, Folder 13 Decoraciones de teatro de sala #1020 Box 1*, Folder 14 Galerie Militaire Française Rébus Images, circa 1800 Scope and Content Note Lyon; chez Giraud freres et Gayet; rue Bonneveau. Engraving with 36 scenes. No 16. 28.5x38.5cm.

Box 1*, Folder 15 [Robertson Lantern], 1840 Scope and Content Note France. Printed image from unidentifed French journal.

Box 1*, Folder 15 3 color greeting cards that depict magic lanterns, circa 1900 Scope and Content Note France. La lanterne magique; Amitié sincère; [Children watching a magic lantern show].

Box 1*, Folder 15 [Magic lantern show and turning pictures], 1900s Scope and Content Note Cop. by C. Delattre No. 9; Lilla Nygatan; 9 Stock-holm, Sweden No. 4028. Color greeting card / postcard; 15.5x10.5cm.

Box 1*, Folder 16 Geistererscheinung auf der Bühne, 1864 Scope and Content Note . Wood engraving, torn from unidentified German publication.

Box 1*, Folder 16 Reproduction photographischer Depeschen durch die Laterna magica während der Belagerung von Paris, 1877 Scope and Content Note Germany; from: Das Buch der Erfind., 7 Aufl., II Bd., p.32. On the use of the magic lantern for educational / military / strategic purposes; 16.5x24.5cm. Cut from publication.

93.R.118 7 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IA. Prints depicting optical devices and optical phenomena, 1700-1996

Box 1*, Folder 17 La Lanterne Magique : Diogène faisant voir la lanterne magique à Alexandre, circa 1850 Scope and Content Note No. 1; Chez Aubert & Cie. Pl. de la Bourse; Imp. d'Aubert & Cie. 23x30.5cm.

Box 1*, Folder 18 Laterna magica : zauberbilder, circa 1900 Scope and Content Note Germany, Munich; Mün-chener Bilderbogen; Hof. und Universitätis Buch-druckerei von Dr. C. Wolf & Sohn in München; Herausgegeben und verlagt von Braun & Schneider. No. 128 and No. 129; 2 sheets, 4 pictures each; 44.5x35.5cm.

Box 1*, Folder 18 La lanterne magique, 1800s Scope and Content Note France; N.o 60; Ces dessins ornent les enveloppes co-miques qu'on trouve chez M. M. Aubert; pictures signed T. Maurisset. 1 sheet, 3 pictures, with captions: La lanterne magique d'Aubert; Le premier jour de l'année; Les indiscrétions. 8x14cm. For framed prints depicting the magic lantern, see also Boxes 71*-72**.

Box 1*, Folder 19 La foire = Der Jaarmarkt, 1700s Scope and Content Note The Netherlands. No 11; Shows the trades at the fair, including the peepshow Captions in French and Dutch. Hand-colored; 34x36cm.

Box 1*, Folder 20 [Trades and occupations including man with a portable peepshow], 1800s Scope and Content Note Germany; Nurnberg; bei Fr. Campe. Color engraving; 27x44cm.

Box 1*, Folder 20 [Chinese peep box], 1800s Scope and Content Note Color engraving.

Box 1*, Folder 21 Southwark Fair, 1796 Scope and Content Note England; engraved by J. Phillibronn. from original by William Hogarth; Jones & Co. Temple of the Muses, Finsbury Square. Published also in Il mondo nuovo as work by T. Cook (c.1744-1818). Etching; 12.5x16.5cm. on mount 20x23.3cm.

Box 1*, Folder 21 Oh raree shoe = Rare chose a voir = Chi vuol veder meraviglie, circa 1950 Scope and Content Note England; Mauron delin.; P. Tempest exc. No. 22. Color engraving.

Box 1*, Folder 22 Le Praxinoscope, jouet d'optique, 1879 Scope and Content Note Framed print; 14x9.5cm. Cut from a French magazine.

Box 1*, Folder 22 Kaléidoscope [i.e. Zoetrope], 1880s-1890s Scope and Content Note France; Cambrai. Advertisement for la Chicorée Nouvelle, by Casiez-Bourgeois; Titled mistakenly: Kaléidoscope. 10.2x6cm. Shows children playing with a zoetrope. Lithograph.

93.R.118 8 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IA. Prints depicting optical devices and optical phenomena, 1700-1996

Box 1*, Folder 23 Image Contre-Révolutionnaire: Silhouette de Louis XVI au menton du sans - culotte, 1790s Scope and Content Note France. Etching; 20.5x13.5cm.

Box 1*, Folder 24 Art of Shadowgraphy : how it is done, 192? Scope and Content Note London; By Trewey; Print. Publi.d by Jordison & Co., Ltd., 40 Gerrard St., Shaftesbury Ave., W. and at Middlesbrough. 16pp. booklet; 22cm.

Box 1*, Folder 24 Chocolat de Beukelaer, undated Physical Description: 15 cards Scope and Content Note Advertising cards with silhouette figures, on black sheets of paper. From The Netherlands?

Box 1*, Folder 25 Method of taking profiles, undated Scope and Content Note Lavater Silhouettier-Stuhl. Engraving; 16.8x9.8cm.

Box 1*, Folder 25 Megalographie, 1870 Scope and Content Note France; Testu & Massin, Paris. 3 chromolithographs showing the use of megalographs. Advertisement cards “Au bon marche;” Aristide Boucicaut; 8x12cm.

Box 71* [Magic Lantern] undated Scope and Content Note France; Pegard or Degard. Engraving, framed.

Box 72** La laterne magique, 1790 Scope and Content Note J.E. Shénan pinx.; J. Ouvrier sculp; A Paris chez l'Auteur Place Maubert, chez Mr Bellot Md Bonnetier au Soleil d'or. “dediée a Son Altesse Sérénissime Monseigneur le Prince Palatin du Rhin Duc régnant des Deux Ponts.” Engraving.

Box 73** L'optique, 1790s Scope and Content Note French; [Peint par L.Boilly]; [(La Bassée 1761 - Paris 1845)]; [Gravé par F. Cazenave] [(Paris 1770-?)]; [A Paris chez l'Auteur, Rue Jacques N. 13 en face de la rue de la parcheminerie]; [Imprimé par Finot]. Engraving; 13.5x19.5cm.

Box 74** L'Amour couronn, undated Scope and Content Note Peint par L. Boilly; Gravé par J. F. Cazenave. Engraving; 55 x 45 cm. in frame 79 x 64.5cm.

Flat file folder 1** Posters advertising an exhibition and a film by Werner Nekes, 1993-1996 Physical Description: 3 items

Flat file folder 1** Schatten Projektionen : Ausstellung vom 3. April bis 18. Mai 1993 Flat file folder 1** Was geschah wirklich zwischen den Bilder? Physical Description: 2 copies.

93.R.118 9 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IB. Vues d'optique and translucent prints, circa 1700-1976

Series IB. Vues d'optique and translucent prints, circa 1700-1976 Scope and Content Note A large group of translucent illustrations, meant to be viewed with backlighting, includes 35 German and French vues d'optique (pricked and non-pricked prints), several French pin-pricked prints, and English polyorama images. See also Series III for translucent objects, such as the lithophane depicting Napoleon III, the porcelain lamp shade, and a moonlight scene printed on gauze cloth.

Box 2* Non-pricked vues d'optique, circa 1700-1976 Box 2*, Folder 1 Vue de la Porte et Place Bourgogne sur le Port de la Ville de Bordeaux, undated Scope and Content Note Paris; chez J. Chereau, rue S.t Jacques. No.114; mounted on wood; color engraving.

Box 2*, Folder 1 [Cityscape] undated Scope and Content Note Representing a walled city by a river; On verso: hard to read handwritten captions. Colored engraving; 17.5x26.3 cm.

Box 2*, Folder 2 Thuscana Visus, undated Scope and Content Note Iustus Sadeler excudit. 1 print, part of series on 5 senses. 24.5x36.5cm. Cfr. Il Mondo Nuovo, p.239, Catalogo Remon-dini series on 5 senses; cfr. also catalog Probst, ibid. p.72.

Box 2*, Folder 2 Prospectus Interior Ecclesiae S.ti Pauli in Roma = L'interieur de S.t Paul de Rome, between 1740-1775 Scope and Content Note Paris; chez Daumont, rue St. Martin; Anne Fonbonne Sculp. 7.e Vue d'optique representant; on paper, not stiffened; 33x47.5cm. The caption's format compares with the Vauxhall gardens vue d'optique Box 3, f. 3. See also pricked vue d'optique of St. Paul's in Rome church interior Box 3, f. 7.

Box 2*, Folder 3 [Neoclassic fountain in foreground with palace in background] 1700s Scope and Content Note Blackened on frame, no caption visible; 26.5x36.5cm.

93.R.118 10 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IB. Vues d'optique and translucent prints, circa 1700-1976

Box 2*, Folder 3 L'Eglise de St. Pierre a Rome, undated Scope and Content Note Representing an entrance. Title handwritten on verso. 26x41.5cm.

Box 2*, Folder 4 Vue de l'hospital des enfants trouvés a Londres. The Foundling Hospital of London, Act of Parl't 1 May 1756 Scope and Content Note Paris; chez Basset, rue S. Jacques a S.e Genevieve. 30x43cm.

Box 2*, Folder 4 Netley Abbey, undated Scope and Content Note London; Reeves & sons Cheapside & W. Morgan 64 Hutton. G. W.'s Dioramic views: No.[3], number in pencil; l9.5x15 cm.

Box 2*, Folder 5 Mont Blanc, 1838 October 12 Scope and Content Note London; published by Wm. Morgan, 25 Bart-letts Buildings, Holborn. No 16; Morgan's Improved Protean Scenery; 17x25cm.

Box 2*, Folder 5 [Crystal palace] 1851 May Scope and Content Note England; London; publ. by William Spooner, 379 Strand.; G. F. Bragg del. Verso: Spooner's Protean View of the Great Exhibition of All Nations: Changing the Exterior to the Interior View of the Building, London. Recto: The Crystal palace, As Seen From Kensington Gardens, London. 23x28.5cm. See Box 21 for more images by William Spooner.

Box 2*, Folder 6 Thames Tunnel, London, circa 1850 Scope and Content Note England; London; publ. by William Spooner; 379 Strand. 15.5x24cm.

Box 2*, Folder 6 [Volcano] undated Scope and Content Note Denmark; Alfred Jacobsen. No. 2; backlit translucent print; 31x37cm.

Box 2*, Folder 7 [Alchemist laboratory] 1976 Scope and Content Note Denmark; Alfred Jacobsen. F456. Backlit translucent print; 27x39cm.

93.R.118 11 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IB. Vues d'optique and translucent prints, circa 1700-1976

Box 2*, Folder 7 [Enchanted garden] 1976 Scope and Content Note Denmark; Alfred Jacobsen. F440. Backlit translucent print; 27x39cm.

Box 2*, Folder 8 [Castle interiors] 1799 Feb 16 Scope and Content Note London; Publ.d at R. Ackermann; 101 Strand; Mannskirsch del. & sculp. Two lithographs with colored paper backing; b&w; print size: No.17: 47x34.5cm.; No.18: 47x34.5cm.

Box 3 Pricked vues d'optique, 1740-1810 Box 3, Folder 1 Nan-hsiung, circa 1750-1810 Scope and Content Note Augsbourg; Negoce co-mun de l'Academie Im-periale d'Empire des Arts libereaux; Gravé par Francois Xav. Haber-mann; Vue de Nanhung; Nanhung: Ist die 3te Haupt Granz und Zoll Stadt, in der chinesischen Provinz Quantung, wobei ein Wasser fliesset, welches so schwarz wie eine Dinte, u. worinen doch die geschmackhaffteste Fische sich befunden auch ist hier die beste schwarze Erde anzutreffen, worauss der berühmte chinesische Dusch oder schwarze Farbe versertiget wird. Also with equivalent text in French. Collection des prospects; 31x44cm.

Box 3, Folder 2 Les pyramides de l'Egypte, circa 1750-1810 Scope and Content Note Pyramides Aegyptiae, miraculum mondi tertium = Les pyramides de l'Egypte, troisieme miracle du monde = I [sic] piramidi d'Egitto, il terzo miracolo del mondo = Die egyptischen Pyramiden, dritte Wunderwerck der Welt. Med. Fol.o Augsburg; Georg Baltha-sar Probst excud. A. V. No 43; 31x44cm.

Box 3, Folder 3 Prospectus majoris deambulatorii horti Vauxhall ab Introitu = La vue de la Grande Allee du Jardin de Vauxhall prise de l'Entrée, 1740-1775 Scope and Content Note Paris chez rue [St. Martin]. 24e Vue d'optique representant... 31x45cm.

93.R.118 12 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IB. Vues d'optique and translucent prints, circa 1700-1976

Box 3, Folder 4 Palais du Rois de Pologne, undated Scope and Content Note A view of Bilnitz in Saxony one of the Palaces of the King of Poland = vue de Bilntz, en Saxe, un des palais du roi de Pologne. Etching; 28.5x43.5cm.

Box 3, Folder 5 Pyrotechnicae repraesentationis splendidissimae typus = Réprésentation d'un superbe feu d'artifice, circa 1766-1790 Scope and Content Note [Augsburg; G. Balthasar Probst] Cf. Il Mondo Nuovo, p.72. Med. Fol.o N.o 53. Fireworks in honor of Joseph II. Engraving; 31x44.5cm.

Box 3, Folder 6 [Prospectus magni mercatus versus Ecclesie B.B.M./ad Monachium. = Vue du grand Marchè vers l'Eglise de Notre Dame a Mume] undated Scope and Content Note [Bassano; Remondini]? Caption / title taken from Il Mondo Nuovo, p.228, Catalogo Remondini. 30x45cm.

Box 3, Folder 7 St. Paul de Rome. The inside of S Pauls Church in Rome = Vue interieur de l'Eglise de S Paul de Rome, 1740-1775 Scope and Content Note Paris; chez Daumont rue St. Martin. 28x44cm. See Box 2*, f.2 for a less fine copy of this vue d'optique.

Box 3, Folder 8 Prospectus ecclesiae Sanctae Mariae Majoris, undated Scope and Content Note View of the church in Rome. After Piranesi. 29x44cm.

Box 3, Folder 9 Theatre de Marcelluz a Rome: Vue du fameux Theatre de Marcelluz a Rome, undated Scope and Content Note Paris; chés Huquier fils, Graveur, rue St. Jacques. Etching; 28x44cm.

93.R.118 13 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IB. Vues d'optique and translucent prints, circa 1700-1976

Box 3, Folder 10 L'amphitheatre de Rome, circa 1750-1810 Scope and Content Note Amphitheatrum romanum, miraculum mundi sextum = L'amphitheatre de Rome, sixieme miracle du monde = L'amfiteatro di Roma, il sesto miracolo del mondo = Der grosse runde Schauplaz zu Rom, sechste Wunderwerk der Welt, Augsburg; Georg Bal-thasar Probst excud. AV. Med. Fol.o No 43; 31x44cm. Cf. Vedereviaggiare, p.72.

Box 3, Folder 11 Vue de la place St. Charles de Turin, 1740-1775 Scope and Content Note Paris; chez Daumont rue St. Martin. Etching; 28x44cm. Vue Perspective de la place St. Charles de Turin et de la porte neuve dans l'eloignement; Cf. Vedereviaggiare, p.116.

Box 3, Folder 12 Gezic[ht] [na de Ra]am Poort [te Am]sterdam = Vue de la Porte des Rame à Amsterdam, circa 1750-1810 Scope and Content Note Amsterdam; by P. Fouquet junior; 29.5x44.5cm. Found in Catalogus 115 prenten Amsterdam, p.19.

Box 3, Folder 13 Gesigt het Buyten-Hof na het Hof te zien in ‘s Gravenhage = Vue du Buyten-Hof, vers la Cour a la Haye = Veduta del Buyten-Hof, verso la corte a Haia = Prospect des Buyten-Hof, gegen Hof anzusehen, zu Grafenhaag, undated Scope and Content Note 202; Etching; 30.5x43 cm.

Box 3, Folder 14 Winter gezigt van t'Hage: van de zyde van het westland, 1757 Scope and Content Note Title handwritten on verso; date handwritten on piece. Iceskating scene. 30x44.5cm.

Box 3, Folder 15 Gesigt van de inside van de Kirck te Gouda, circa. 1750-1810 Scope and Content Note Title handwritten on verso; 29.5x44.5cm.

93.R.118 14 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IB. Vues d'optique and translucent prints, circa 1700-1976

Box 3, Folder 16 Vue du Promontore du Bonne Esperance, circa 1750-1810 Scope and Content Note Gravé par I. Riedet? Prospect des Vorgeburges der Guten Hoffnung = Vue du promontoir de Bonne Esperance. Collection des prospects; 31x45cm. In Il mondo nuovo F. Riedel is listed as one of the artists active at the Kaiserlich Franziskische Akademie.

Box 3, Folder 17 Banque des Marchands à Stockholm, 1755-1790 Scope and Content Note [Augsburg; Academie imperiale d'Empire des arts liberaux...] Collection des Prospects.; 29x44cm.

Box 3, Folder 18 Vue de Saalstadt. Lust Pallast zu Saalstadt des Königes von Schweden = Vue de Saalstadt Palais d'Été de S. M. le Roi de Suede, 1750-1810 Scope and Content Note Augsbourg ou Negoce comun de l'Academie Imperiale d'Empire des Arts liberiaux; Jaques [sic] Miller delin.; Gravé par Jean Benoit Winkler. Collection des Prospects; 30x43cm.

Box 3, Folder 19 [Lightning and shipwreck] circa 1750-1810 Scope and Content Note 30x42cm.

Folder 4-5 Pin-pricked images, 1750-1851 Scope and Content Note Composed entirely from pin-pricks unless otherwise noted.

Box 4 [Flower bouquet] undated Scope and Content Note Image à l'Aiguille. Produced in France. 36x23 cm.; on cream-colored paper.

Box 4 [Bird] undated Scope and Content Note Image à l'Aiguille. Produced in France. 14x22 cm.; on cream-colored paper.

Box 5 [Man standing with stick and pitcher] 1750 or 1780 Scope and Content Note Pin-prick and watercolor drawing; in wooden frame with glass; 30x24.3cm.

93.R.118 15 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IB. Vues d'optique and translucent prints, circa 1700-1976

Box 5 Urania's mirror or, a view of the heavens; pictures of the constellations, 1825 Scope and Content Note London, Samuel Leigh, 18 Strand. Print on box lid: Sid[ne]y Hall. sculp[si]t. Cardboard box, wit23.5x17.5x3cm., contains 32 pricked etchings of the constellations on with white backing paper.

Box 6-7 Polyorama images, 1851 Box 6 L'hiver et l'ete, 1851 Scope and Content Note France; Lemaire. No. 69. 1 polyorama image, meant to be backlit, framed in wood for support but without viewing device; 26x33.5 cm.

Box 7 Polyorama images, 1851 Physical Description: 18 images Scope and Content Note France; Lemaire. 14.5x20cm.. Fragile: 1-11 in bad condition, some ripped. See Box 70** for viewer.

Box 7 Le palais de Cristal Extérieur et Intérieur (Londres) Box 7 Place de la Concorde, Paris Box 7 Salle de l'Opera a Paris Box 7 L'hiver et l'eté Box 7 Charing Cross Box 7 Temple - Bar Londres Box 7 Le nouveau parlement (Londres) Box 7 Le beau temps et l'Orage Box 7 La tour de Londres Box 7 Versailles Box 7 La messe de minuit Box 7 La messe de minuit Box 7 S.t Bavon à Gand Box 7 Chemin de Fer Box 7 Londres et le tunnel Box 7 Palais Royal Box 7 Chapelle de Holy-rood (Edimbourg): Exterieur et intérieur Box 7 Champs Elysées à Paris Box 7 Palerme : environs de Palerme Box 8 [Napoleon III] 1860s Physical Description: 15.5x12.5cm. Scope and Content Note France. Lithophane picture. See Box 63** for another example.

93.R.118 16 Series I. Prints, circa 1700-1996 Series IB. Vues d'optique and translucent prints, circa 1700-1976

Box 9 [Moonlight] 1830 Scope and Content Note France. Pencil drawing on paper and thin fabric; in oval paper mat, in glass and wood frame; 23.5x28.5cm.

Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Scope and Content Note Series includes greeting cards, advertising cards, montage cards, and backlit postcards, along with silhouttes (aka megalographs) and printed items that use transparency for their effects. Series arranged in three subseries.

Series IIA. Cards, circa 1750-1950 Scope and Content Note Subseries includes a group of greeting cards in the Biedermeier style, which were used in late 19th-century Germany and Austria to express thoughts of love and friendship. These cards “move” through pullout or foldout windows. Montage cards include games from France, Germany, and Spain (with several “metamorphosis instantaneas”) as well as an early example of a Walt Disney metamorphosis toy. Seven original albums with hundreds of illustrated Liebig Extract advertising cards show a broad range of themes appealing to popular imagery.

Box 10 Biedermeier cards, between 1790-1820 Scope and Content Note 28 colored engravings and 2 original drawings, most with moveable parts, depicting mythological, historical, and genre scenes. Of 3 types: Fold-out cards, pull-out cards, and hand-made cards. Cards are numbered 1-28.

Box 10 Fold-out cards: Box 10 [Arcadian mythological scene depicting three female figures and a lyre player, possibly Apollo] Scope and Content Note 411. A fold-out window discloses a short Romantic poem. Engraving; 8.5x10cm. [1]

Box 10 [Neoclassical scene with two women and Eros] Scope and Content Note Cästrin Trowitz Sch.; 409. A fold-out window discloses a short romantic poem; Engraving; 8.5x10cm. [2]

Box 10 Die Vorsicht erhöret Scope and Content Note Cüstrin Trowitz Sch.; 403. Card for friendship showing a classical scene: man in devotional pose and female figure, possibly personification of Friendship; a fold-out window discloses a short poem; verso shows a personal dedication; 8x10 cm. [3]

Box 10 [Garden feast and wine toss] Scope and Content Note A fold-out window discloses a short poem to wine and to the joys of life. Engraving; 8x9.5 cm. [4]

93.R.118 17 Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Series IIA. Cards, circa 1750-1950

Box 10 [Scientist in his lab] Scope and Content Note Hand-drawn picture; fold-out window shows children looking inside the lab; 9x11cm. [5]

Box 10 Pull-out windows: Box 10 [Young lady with moveable flower bouquets] Scope and Content Note Nürnberg; bei Riedel; 185. Engraving; 7x8.5cm. [1]

Box 10 [Family greeting card] Scope and Content Note Wien; bey G. Gruber. With caption “Lohnt dich das Glück, bist du zufrieden / So sey noch vom Geschick” and fold-out window with caption “Familien Glück Dir beschieden”; a hand-written name, possibly Joh. Zü(mann, in verso; 7.5x9.5cm. [2]

Box 10 Ich habe dich so lieb Scope and Content Note Wien; bey H. F. Müller; No. 108. Personal dedication in verso; 7x9cm. [3]

Box 10 [Forget-me-not] Scope and Content Note Wien; bey H. F. Müller; No. 137. Flower vases display a pull-out window with picture and caption; 7.5 x 9.5cm. [4]

Box 10 [Guitar with pull-out song] Scope and Content Note Wien; bey H. F. Müller; No. 254. Family greetings in verso; 7.5 x 10cm. [5]

Box 10 [Putti and goddess figure] Scope and Content Note Wien; bey H. F. Müller; No. 259. Love and friendship card depicting putti flying over a cloud which turns into a female figure sitting on a lion and surrounded by putti; 8x 9.5cm. [6]

Box 10 [Old woman turning into young lady] Scope and Content Note Wien; bey H. F. Müller; No. 399. Friendship card; personal dedication in verso; 9 x 7.5cm. [7]

Box 10 Alle haben masken vor dem Gesicht Scope and Content Note Wien; bey H. F. Müller; No. 124. Friendship card with carnival masks and caption; 7.5 x 9.5cm. [8]

Box 10 [Man playing the harp, with pull-out image of woman listening] Scope and Content Note Wien; b[ey] Ignaz Eder; No. 24. 11.5x9.5cm. [9]

93.R.118 18 Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Series IIA. Cards, circa 1750-1950

Box 10 [Country scene of man carrying a basket and a cord on his back] Scope and Content Note With pull-out image of woman popping out of the cord; 9x7.5cm. [10]

Box 10 [Winged putto on a cloud sending good wishes] Scope and Content Note Wien; Johann Neidl; No. 161. 9.5x7.2cm. [11]

Box 10 Freude Glück und Wonne Scope and Content Note Wien; Johann Neidl; No. 261. Friendship greeting card with pull-out window which shows little girl; 6.5x8.8cm. [12]

Box 10 [Tower opening to a view of a young dancing lady] Scope and Content Note Peepshow-type card; 11.5x8.5cm. [13]

Box 10 [Male hairdresser with Eros’ attributes: wings and cloth around his waist] Scope and Content Note Wien; Joh. Schönberg; No. 79. 10.3x7.5cm. [14]

Box 10 Aus Achtung Pflicht und Dankbarkeit Scope and Content Note Wien; Anton Berka; No. 108. Thank you card; 107x8cm. [15]

Box 10 Das Bild der frohen Zukunft giebt uns munser Kaiser Vater Franz Scope and Content Note Wien; J. Adamek; 132. With pull-out window depicting allegories of religion, agriculture, sea and trading, science and the arts; 10.5x8.5cm. [16]

Box 10 [Young man turning into old man] Scope and Content Note Wien; bey A. Paterno. Engraving; personal dedication in verso; 10.5x8.3cm. [17]

Box 10 [Types by water mills] Scope and Content Note Wien; bey J. Bermann; No. 295. 7.5x9.4cm. [18]

Box 10 [Bouquet of flowers hiding an angel] Scope and Content Note Augsburg; bey Antor Hauser; 62. Personal dedication in verso; 10.8x8cm. [19]

Box 10 [Young woman lifting wreath of flowers] Scope and Content Note München; bei J. Sidler; 74. Personal dedication on verso; 10.3x8cm. [20]

Box 10 [Countryside scene turning into an interior one with man playing music] Scope and Content Note Prague; J. Seidan; N.o 41. 9.5x12.3cm. [21]

Box 10 Hand-made cards:

93.R.118 19 Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Series IIA. Cards, circa 1750-1950

Box 10 [Dutch example with personal dedications] 1796 Scope and Content Note Netherlands. Hand-drawn water-color.

Box 10 [Dutch example with personal dedications] 1800 Scope and Content Note Netherlands. Hand-drawn water-color.

Box 11 32 cards showing montage, undated Box 11 [Coffee-grinder] Physical Description: 3x9.5cm. [1]

Box 11 [The black cat] Scope and Content Note The Netherlands. Flirtation; 15x9cm. [2]

Box 11 Good old days Scope and Content Note Irenco Robert Bier AB; Bastugatan 43, 117 25 Stockholm; 08/69 10 12; Original 1909. Series Good Old Days # 271 [3]

Box 11 [The glass of wine] Scope and Content Note Flirtation; foldable postcard; 14x9cm. [4]

Box 11 Bestrafte Neugier! Scope and Content Note Foldable postcard; 14x9cm. [5]

Box 11 [Romantic postcard] Physical Description: 9x14cm. [6]

Box 11 Es hat Alles zwei Seiten! Diese ist die andere Physical Description: 9x14cm. [7]

Box 11 St. Valentine's Hamper Physical Description: 15.5x10cm. [8]

Box 11 The lover's seat, A spoon ‘neath the moon Scope and Content Note Part of the Milton Series; Woolstone Bros.; London E. C.; The Milton View Novelty; England. Postcard with souvenir views from Saltburn and handwritten letter. [9]

Box 11 Schnell photographie Scope and Content Note Magic photographie; 7.5x5cm. [10]

Box 11 Guguss est mort, Guguss ressuscite Scope and Content Note Paris; Au bon marché; Advertisement card; Rue du Bac, Rue de Sèvres, Rue de Babylone, Rue Velpeau; Imp. A. Mulcey. St. Etienne. 12.5x8.5cm.; Story sequence on two sides of card. [11]

93.R.118 20 Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Series IIA. Cards, circa 1750-1950

Box 11 Le telephone bar Scope and Content Note Paris; Au bon marché; Advertisement card; Rue du Bac, Rue de Sèvres, Rue de Babylone, Rue Velpeau; Imp. A. Mulcey. St. Etienne. 12.5x8.5cm.; Story sequence on two sides of card. [12]

Box 11 N'éveillez pas le chat qui dort Scope and Content Note Paris; Au bon marché; Advertisement card; Rue du Bac, Rue de Sèvres, Rue de Babylone, Rue Velpeau; Imp. A. Mulcey. St. Etienne. 12.5x8.5cm. Story sequence on two sides of card. [13]

Box 11 Instantaneas Metamorphosis 11 items Scope and Content Note No. 1-10 and one unnumbered. All 10.3x6.3cm. [14-24]

Box 11 Walt Disney's book of puzzle discs, circa 1950? Scope and Content Note A Welcom’ product; by Williams, Ellis & Co.; Ltd. London, S.E.; copyright Walt Disney Production. No. 1 series. 4 discs of cutouts to draw 4 Walt Disney's characters; 19x21cm. [25]

Box 11 [Clown] Scope and Content Note Germany. Series 302. Game of metamorphosis in whcih the image changes by sliding part of the card up and down (not functioning). 14x9cm. [26]

Box 11 [Woman admiring flower] Scope and Content Note Germany. Series 303. Game of metamorphosis in which the image changes by sliding part of the card up and down (not functioning). 14x9cm. [27]

Box 11 Hony soit qui mal y pense mais faites attention commen ça va Scope and Content Note Postcard with sequenced story in pullout window; 9x14cm. [28]

Box 11 La carte postale de 12,003 mots Pierre Raikoff Physical Description: 14x9cm. [29]

Box 11 [Hunting scene in three sequences] Scope and Content Note Signed A.B. Open: 10.5x22cm. [30]

Box 11 [Adage about laurel on the hat] Scope and Content Note With pull-out window and verses in rhyme in German; 14x9cm. [31]

Box 11 [Mothers-in-law] Scope and Content Note With pull-out window and verses in rhyme in German; 14x9cm. [32]

93.R.118 21 Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Series IIA. Cards, circa 1750-1950

Box 11 Funny Jungleland Moving-pictures, 1909 Scope and Content Note W. K. Kellogg; Battle Creek, Mich.; Copyright 1909; Patented Jan. 15, 1907; Advertisement for Kellogg. Montage book; on the same principle as Metamorphosis instantaneas, cutouts over a three page foldout; 23x17cm.

Box 12-18 Liebig albums of advertising cards, 1800s Physical Description: 7 albums Scope and Content Note Liebig Company Fleisch Ex-tract; Printed in Argentina, Uruguay, Germany, and Italy. Series 1-3 and 5-8] in original Liebig collecting albums; cards illustrate various topics: theater plays, cities and landscapes, scientists, musicians, races, character types, love themes; children's stories, exotic places, birds, battles, etc.

Box 12 Album für Liebig-Bilder Physical Description: 80 pp., 480 cards; 5x32.5x24cm.

Box 13 Album für Liebig-Bilder Physical Description: 60pp., 360 cards; 4x32x24cm.

Box 14 Album für Liebig-Bilder Physical Description: 120 pp., 720 cards; 7.5x32x24cm.

Box 15 Liebig-Bilder Album Physical Description: 50pp., 300 cards; 3.5x29x27.5cm.

Box 16 Liebig-Bilder Physical Description: circa 240pp., ca.1040 cards; 2x31.5x27.8cm.

Box 17 Album für Liebig-Bilder Physical Description: 88pp.,528 cards; 4.5x34.5x31.8cm.

Box 18 Album für Liebig-Bilder Physical Description: 78pp., 488 cards; 4.5x31x28.5cm.

Series IIB. Silhouettes, 1780-1980 Scope and Content Note Subseries includes a set of over one hundred 18th-century paper silhouettes (i.e. megalographs), which depict popular and historical figures, trades, and characters (see Appendix 3 in the repository's Research Files for an item listing of the megalographs). There is one metal megalograph made by Nekes himself, circa 1980. Also in this subseries are cutouts and silhouette pictures made as advertisements for chocolate and cookies, and given away as collectibles.

Box 19 Megalographs, 1780-1814 Scope and Content Note 132 megalographs that show historical, religious and mythical figures of the 18th-century culture, including political leaders, artists, trades and caricatures. Most are from The Netherlands, most artists are anonymous. With 8 pp. photocopied articles. See appendix in the repository's Research file for a detailed list of the megalographs with transcribed titles, (when applicable/readable).

93.R.118 22 Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Series IIB. Silhouettes, 1780-1980

Box 19 [Chocolat Guerin-Boutron] late 1800s Scope and Content Note France; Chocolats de qualité supérieure Guérin-Boutron; 29 Boulevard Poissonnière; Paris; F. Champenoise. One megalographic card for advertisement of chocolate brand; 6.5x5.5cm.

Box 19 [Portrait du comique prince] late 1800s Scope and Content Note France; modele deposé L. G.; Maurice Rouchier, Poitiers; Paris, Imprimerie Moderne, 47 Boulevard Ménilmontant. One megalographic card for advertisement of Les biscuits du Poitou; Instructions read: “Découpez les parties noires de cette Tête vous aurez par l'ombre le portrait du comique Prince.”

Box 19 [Bust of woman] circa 1980 Scope and Content Note Germany; made by Werner Nekes for demonstration. One metal megalograph; made on a brass leaf; 9.5x8cm.

Series IIC. Transformative images, 1820-1920 Scope and Content Note This subseries contains over one hundred early 20th-century postcards mostly of European cities and sites (including German military propaganda) which, when backlit, dissolve from day to night scenes, a modern development of the vue d'optique. Also included are five polyorama discs (lacking the proper viewing device), and a set of twenty prints by William Spooner, which he called protean because, with the use of lighting, the images change. These depict English monuments, landscapes, and public events as well as biblical and war scenes.

Box 20 Backlit postcards, 1890-1920 Scope and Content Note 129 translucent postcards of day-to-night scenes, arranged geographically. Produced in Germany and France. Number of postcards of each topic noted in parenthesis.

Box 20 German cities Scope and Content Note Aachen (1); Berlin (13); Bingen (1); Blankensee (1); Bremen (2); Charlottenburg (1); Chemnitz (1); Drachenfels (1); Ems (1); Frankfurt (1); Hamburg (9) (1st is planned for exhibition); Hannover (5); Heidelberg (1); Hildesheim (1); Insterburg (1); Kaiser Wilhelm Kanal (1); Karlsruhe (1); Köln (29); Leipzig (1); Mainz (4); München (7); Nürnberg (3); Potsdam (1); Riesengebirge (2); Rüdesheim (1); Schlangenbad (1); Schneekoppe (1); Stuttgart (1); Weimar (1); Wiesbaden (4).

Box 20 Non-German cities Scope and Content Note Barcelona (5) (1st is planned for exhibition); Bradford (1); Glasgow (4); Lilienstein (1); London (2); Paris (4); Philadelphia (1); St. Louis, Missouri (1); Tölz (1); Wien (2).

Box 20 Miscellanea Scope and Content Note German military propaganda (8); New year's greeting card (1).

93.R.118 23 Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Series IIC. Transformative images, 1820-1920

Box 21 Polyorama discs Scope and Content Note 5 round paper discs (viewer not included); 1-3 on metal frame; 4-5 lacking frames; diam. 8cm. [Villa by lake]; [Castle and village]; [Harbor scene with windmill in background]; [Church interior]; [Doge palace, Venice]

Box 21 Spooner Protean prints, 1820-1840 Physical Description: 22 prints Scope and Content Note London; William Spooner; 377 Strand. Prints that change when held against a light.

Box 21 [A snow scene that, on being held before a strong light, changes to a perspective of a tunnel] Scope and Content Note Spooner Protean view no. 2. Mounted on board; colored; 21x28.5cm.

Box 21 St. George's Chapel Windsor Castel that changes to the splendid ceremony of the interment of King William the Fourth London Scope and Content Note Spooner's Protean View no. 8; William Spooner; 377 Strand. 18x14cm.

Box 21 [An Italian scene that changes to a moonlight view with a funeral procession] Scope and Content Note Spooner protean view no. 9. Mounted on board; colored; 21x28.5cm.

Box 21 [An Italian scene that changes to a moonlight view with a funeral procession] Scope and Content Note Spooner protean view no. 9. Same as above; not colored; not mounted on board; without backing tissue paper.

Box 21 Green park Scope and Content Note Spooner protean view no.11. Title and series in pencil. mounted on board; colored; 21x28.5cm.

Box 21 An interior of a cathedral with the celebration of midnight mass Scope and Content Note Spooner protean view no. 23. Not mounted; colored; 18.5x22.5

Box 21 The new house of parliament, which seems to rise from the ruins and conflagration of the old buildings Scope and Content Note Spooner protean view no. 25. Not mounted on board; not colored; 22x19cm.

Box 21 St. Paul Cathedral shewing the booths of the city companies & Christ's Hospital on the Queens visit to Guildhall Scope and Content Note Spooner protean view no. 26. Captions read: “Victoria our friend / Edward our founder”; not mounted on board; not colored; 21.6x19.3cm.

93.R.118 24 Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Series IIC. Transformative images, 1820-1920

Box 21 Poet's corner, Westminster Abbey, changing to the shades of Shakespeare, Scott & Byron Scope and Content Note Spooner protean view no. 29. Not mounted on board; colored; 22x19cm.

Box 21 St. Jean d'Acri changing to the bombardment by the British & allied fleet, Nov.r 3.d 1840 Scope and Content Note Spooner protean view no. 39; R. S. Harst, lith, 244 Strand. Ships names read: Thunder, Phenix; not mounted on board; colored; 19x22.5cm.

Box 21 Jordan Scope and Content Note Scriptural [protean view] no. 3; in pencil. Colored cutout; 15x18.3cm.

Box 21 [The city of Jerusalem changing to the entry of Our Saviour] Scope and Content Note Scriptural protean view no. 4; by G. F. Bragg; Printed by W. Kohler. Not colored; not cut out; 19x22cm.

Box 21 [The city of Jerusalem changing to the entry of Our Saviour] Scope and Content Note [Scriptural protean view no. 4; by G. F. Bragg; Printed by W. Kohler]. Same as above but without title and publishing information because cut. Colored; 15x18.2cm.

Box 21 Haverford Priory Scope and Content Note Spooner's transparencies no. 2. Mounted on cardboard; colored; 21x28.5cm.

Box 21 Haddon Hall-Derbyshire Scope and Content Note Spooner's transparencies no. 6. Mounted on cardboard; colored; 21.5x28.5cm.

Box 21 [Winter changing to summer] Scope and Content Note Mounted on cardboard; colored; 16x20cm.

Box 21 Chartres cathedral Scope and Content Note Title in pencil; not mounted on cardboard; colored; 15.2x17.5cm.

Box 21 [Coronation of queen] Scope and Content Note Not mounted on cardboard; colored; 18.5x14.3cm.

Box 21 [Welcome V. R.] Scope and Content Note Banners in the scene read “Welcome V. R.”; not mounted on cardboard; colored; 16.3x18.5cm.

93.R.118 25 Series II. Cards and small printed items, circa 1750-1980 Series IIC. Transformative images, 1820-1920

Box 21 [Night scene of church] Scope and Content Note Not mounted on cardboard; colored; 14x18cm.

Box 21 [Tunnel changing to a celebration in a park] Scope and Content Note Unreadable caption in pencil; not mounted on cardboard; colored; 14x19cm.

Box 21 [City scene] Scope and Content Note Not mounted on cardboard; colored; 12x17cm.

93.R.118 26 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980 Scope and Content Note Series includes optical instruments and artists’ aids as well as viewers designed to exhibit prints (including those in Series I and II) while creating special effects through backlighting, movement or transformation. An 18th-century mirrored cone of Dutch origin is used to transform and view the accompanying 13 water-colored anamorphic pictures. The anamorphic images are possibly part of a series introduced by the title/proverb in Old Dutch “Verwagt nog beeter” (“expect even better”). The zograscope is used to enlarge and view non-pricked vues d'optique. Artists’ aids include a box-form camera obscura used for drawing images from nature, a camera lucida and a pocket-size Lorrain mirror. Another camera obscura in the form of a large wooden book perhaps had a twofold purpose as a camera obscura and as a viewer for non-backlit vues d'optique. Objects that functioned as toys and games include montage toys (functioning by simple juxtaposition of images or parts of images, such as a myriorama by Friedrich Campe, a physionotrace, and a number of mica overlays), flipbooks and rebus games, as well as moving toys (e.g. the magnetic lottery or “Magic painter,” which rotates by means of a hidden magnet, the polymorphoscope with a multifaceted rotating which multiplies the single image painted on a glass slide, and a Spanish-made metal figure, moved by balancing a counterweight). A florentine stone, although a natural object, has a pattern that resembles the profile of a metropolis. A one-lens magic lantern (the English Praestantia, by the Riley Brothers) is accompanied by 18 slides of different sizes which represent the variety of slides made for the 19th-century commercial market. Peepshows are represented by a variety of three-dimensional paper theaters ranging from perspective theaters designed Martin Engelbrecht (see Appendix 2) in the 18th century, to early-20th century paper souvenirs illustrating foreign places, legendary events, religious icons and fairy-tales characters. A particularly detailed item in this category is a many layered peepshow from 18th-century central Europe depicting a sumptuous religious festival. Another kind of paper theater is represented by the Ombres Chinoises, a popular miniature shadow theater from France which includes four backdrops. These depict theatrical shows such as the serpentine dance (an allusion to Loie Fuller), a town carnival, and the grand fountains at Versailles. There are two sets of late 19th-century thaumatropes (i.e. “wheel of wonder”) from Germany and from France. Thaumatropes are small paper discs (with a diameter of approximately 2 1/2 inches) with related images on each side which merge into one another when they are twirled by the strings attached at the sides of the discs. Also included is a set of moving panoramas, i.e. the discs to be viewed with a phenakistoscope, included in this collection, made in the 1830's by the English company S. W. Fores Optical Illusions. These panorama discs, of approximately 8” in diameter, depict sequential scenes displayed in segments and are viewed while rotating in front of a mirroring surface. The collection holds another set of three discs made in Germany in the same period. Two different types of hand-held stereoscopes are included in this series: one based on Oliver Wendell Holmes’ model, and one made by (1781-1868) in England. Two pictures (one from Germany and one from England) accompany the Holmes’ type . These slides display two separate images adjacent to each other (for example a bird and a cage) which, when viewed through the stereoscope, merge into one whole scene. A third stereoscope in the collection is the large column stereo viewer (Box 75**). A set of about 80 glass stereoscopic slides depict panoramic views mostly of European landscapes, city monuments and wars (with a few views of Middle Eastern sites). Six viewers designed to view backlit images include: two polyorama panoptiques in large and small formats, a moving panorama, meant to be backlit with candlelight and depicting a tour through London's squares, and a French viewing stand with twelve oval backlit prints of famous cities and monuments including Paris, London, and Constantinople. In this group also is included a 15 ft-long rolled panorama depicting the route from Hamburg to Altona, a lithophane lamp-shade, and a wooden foldable viewing box with two (to allow two viewers at the same show) for backlit vues d'optique.

93.R.118 27 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 22 Konus-spigel, 1700 Scope and Content Note The Netherlands. Cone viewer for anamorphic images; 7.8x8.4 cm.; in original box.

Box 23 Anamorphic pictures, 1700 Scope and Content Note 13 square hand drawn, watercolor anamorphic pictures, with hand-written numbers in parenthesis (1-4, 6, 8-12, 15, 17, 18). Contemporary with cone viewer in box 22. On verso of all pictures appear initials in ink: AVM. ca.27x27 cm.

Box 24 Camera lucida = Chambre claire universelle, undated Scope and Content Note With 12 lenses in box; 28x6x2.5 cm. box.

Box 25 Nouvelle Chambre Claire Universelle, undated Scope and Content Note Par P. Bervil-le; 25, Rue de la Chaussée -d'Antin; [Ed. Hemmelé ?]; Paris. Booklet. On cover: Notice explicative sur la chambre claire universelle brevetée S. G. D. G.; Appareil permanent de reduire, agrandir, copier des paysages, portraits, documents, objets etc. rapidement et exactement (25 pp. with some illustrations); 17x12.3 cm.

Box 26 Lorrain mirror, 1800s Scope and Content Note German? Used by artists for translating colors into graded shades for drawing; also reduces scale; 8x7x1.5 cm.

Box 27 Box-form camera obscura, 1860 Scope and Content Note La nature calquée directement; B.A. Paris; 9359 Imp. Hemmerlé et Cie. With instructions in French and drawers for supplies; portable; 13.5x14.5x24.8 cm. and lens tube 4x4 cm. Rectangular wooden box divided with biconvex lens, a mirror (displayed diagonally at 45o across the area), glass on the upper surface of the box, and a lid that can be lifted. Instructions in French suggest placing tracing paper on the glass to trace the image reflected by the mirror. Contains two small compartments for tools storage; 13x4.5x4.5 cm. and 13x4.5x3 cm. Below these are two small drawers, 13x11.5x3 cm.

Box 28** Theatre de l'Univers, circa 1750 Scope and Content Note Made in France. A camera obscura shaped like a book; title on “spine”; possibly used also as a viewer for vues d'optique; 10x36x55 cm.; when opened to 90 degrees, turns into an optical device. A vue d'optique placed inside is reflected in the mirror (10.5x13 cm.) which is angled at 45 degrees on the top of the book cover and is joined to a bi-convex lens (5x10 cm.); when unfolded the book-form camera obscura measures 56 cm. in height.

Box 29** Zograscope, circa 1750 Scope and Content Note Made in Holland. Used to view, focus, and enlarge prints. Also known in contemporary sources as “show glass” or “diagonal mirror,” it was named zograscope by instrument-maker George Adams; wood and glass; 26x51x20 cm. diam.

93.R.118 28 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 30 Florentine / Tuscany pictorial stone, undated Scope and Content Note With illusionary landscape; 13x8.5x1 cm. See also Box 1* folder 11 for print of florentine stone and of dendrites. Cfr. Baltrusaitis, Aberrations. Chapter 2, Pictorial stones.

Box 31 Friedr[ich] Protzen's Kupfer Schablonen, 1880 Scope and Content Note Germany; Kupfer-Schablonen- Fabri-ck von Friedr. Protzen; Unter den Linden 24. Bel-Etage im Gerold'-schen Hause; Ber-lin. Children's game of 17 copper plates used as stencils for painting; 2.3x12x7.3 cm.; plates circa 6x7 cm. and smaller; with original charcoal pencil.

Box 32 [Magnetic lottery] 1770 Scope and Content Note Austria or The Netherlands.Wood; On verso of box hand-written caption reads: A French ... / This is 80 / years old / 1894 / M. F. Walker/ Clefton House / Searbis; 11.5x12.2x2.5cm. Plus 4 colored wood slides with pictures on both faces, depicting: landscapes, 2 still lives, and a portrait; 10.5x11 cm. Repository has another copy of this item: see Le peintre abile, or, Magic painter, Special Collections accn. no. 96.R.58.

Box 33 Polymorphoscope, 1840 Scope and Content Note England. With faceted and convex lens; 23x8x7 cm. (3x 4.5 cm. diameter viewer). Plus 10 slides, hand-painted on glass; 5.5x7.5cm. and smaller: 1. bees; 2. parrot; 3. butterfly; 4. clown's face; 5. wind-mill; 6. old woman face; 7. man and woman; 8. two men with joining noses; 9. swan [cracked glass]; 10. [Untitled].

Box 34 Pop-out card game, circa 1850-1890 Scope and Content Note France. 16 cards show historical scenes with 8 pop-out holes which contain questions and answers; 13x18.5cm.

Box 35 Rebus game, circa 1700-1750 Scope and Content Note France. 23 playing cards illustrate rebus images, plus a card with explanations. Original set of 24 cards, No. 19 missing; 11.5x8.2cm.

Box 36 Myriorama, undated Scope and Content Note Germany; Nürnberg; bei Fredrich Campe. 16 parts; Classical ruins landscape; 19.5x7cm.

Box 37 Physionotrace, circa 1800-1850 Scope and Content Note England. Man's profile on paper plus cutouts to change his physiognomy and dress (12 noses, 2 hats, 1 uniform); picture drawn on cardboard; 12.8x10.2cm.

93.R.118 29 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 38 Comic metamorphoses for boys = Komisches Metamorphosenspiel für Knaben = Les métamorphoses jeu comique pour les garçons = Komik. Verrandelings Spel voor Jongens, circa 1820 Scope and Content Note Made in England or Germany. Wooden box with cards in three segments from letter “a” through “m” to create various figure (horizontal montage game); hand-colored titles in four languages; initials Frk. in corner; 21x13.5cm.

Box 39 Spanish animation toy, 1890 Scope and Content Note A man with a cane, made of metal stands balanced by a counterweight; 23.5x16cm.; 45cm. long.

Box 40 Metamorphosis / Montage, Flip books, 1840 Physical Description: 2 books

Box 40 Klappbilderbuch so oder so, undated Scope and Content Note Germany. 12. heitere Doppel-bilder gezeichnet v. Leo-nhardt Diefenbach u. a. Kunstlern. 12 double pages; 18x21 cm.

Box 40 Neues Verwandlungs-Bilderbuch : zur Unterhaltung und Belustingung der heiteren Jugend mit sechs Doppelbildern in lithograph, undated Scope and Content Note Farbendruck, Germany. Verlag von J. F. Shcreiber [sic]; Esslingen; Original Steinzei-chnungen von Maler W. von Breitschwert. Title page is a xerox; 27x22 cm.

Box 40 Magic picture book = Bilder-Zauberei = Livre de la magie graphique, 1860 Scope and Content Note Germany; Nürnberg; D. u. V. v. Tauber & Geek. 12cm.

Box 40 Novelty! Metamorphoses Picture-Book = Verwandlungs-Bilder-Buch = Nouveauté! Livre de Metamorphoses, 1850 Scope and Content Note Germany. Foldout in three parts with montage cutouts in the central section.

Box 41 Paper overlays, circa 1750-1790 Scope and Content Note England. Written caption: “heads drawn by Samuel Archdale Beddouse”; Burritt and Hudson 85 Cheap-side; blindstamp. Head with characters; consists of 39 hand-drawn paper overlays with identification or comments and 1 portrait on cardboard; in modern green box: 21x119 cm.

Box 42 [Portrait with costumes] circa 1700 Scope and Content Note 7 oval mica overlays (8.5x6.5 cm.); and 1 oval paper portrait, with a walnut box; 13x10 cm. The mica overlays have costumes painted on them which, when laid on top of the portrait, change the character of the portrait.

Box 43 [Indian trades] 1820-1860 Scope and Content Note 11 mica overlays illustrate Indian trades 11.5x8 cm.; and 1 card; 11.5x7.5 cm.;

93.R.118 30 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 44 [Birds] 1800s Physical Description: 1. 10.8x15.3cm.; (in bad condition)2. 10.8x15 cm.; (in bad condition)3. 11x15.5 cm.; (in good condition) Scope and Content Note English. 3 single mica cards depict birds

Box 45 [Purse-shaped montage] circa 1750-1790 Scope and Content Note 4 cards and portrait; military uniforms and ethnic costumes; 6.5x7 cm.; cards: 6.2x6.2 cm.

Box 46** Magic lantern slides, undated Physical Description: 18 slides Scope and Content Note #6-18 slides are framed; some have mechanic devices to rotate or move the images. 1-5 are smaller single-glass slides without any mechanism to produce movement.

Box 46** [Cartoon figures] Box 46** [Harlequin: 2 sequences] Scope and Content Note With French text written on slide.

Box 46** [Racial and ethnic types] Physical Description: 2 slides

Box 46** [Cartoon depicting man smoking and causing an explosion] Scope and Content Note Numbered 5-8.

Box 46** [Boat at sea] Scope and Content Note Newton & Co. Opticians; Fleet St.; London.

Box 46** [Chromatrope] Scope and Content Note Newton & Co. Opticians; Fleet St.; London.

Box 46** [Two characters looking at each other] Box 46** [Childrens’ parade] Scope and Content Note Newton & Co. Opticians; Fleet St.; London.

Box 46** [Magician's tricks: 3 sequences] Box 46** [Three landscapes] Scope and Content Note N.B., Black background is chipping.

Box 46** [Burlesque scene of man riding a donkey: 3 sequences] Box 46** [Phantasmagoria: 3 sequences] Box 46** [Village fair] Box 46** [Caricatures and types] Physical Description: 4 slides

93.R.118 31 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 47** Praestantia, circa 1885-1900 Scope and Content Note Bradford, England; Riley Brothers. Magic lantern with one lens (diam. 4.5cm.); iron, brass, and glass, with electric bulb; 23.5x13x35.5cm. Top part of magic lantern has label: M. D. & S. J. Wilks / 26 Errwood Avenue / Temple Meads / Buxton / Derbys. SK17 9BD / Tel. Buxton 3821. Date from Magic images, p. 27.

Box 48 Paper peep shows, 1939 Box 48 World of tomorrow : New York World's Fair 1789-1939, 1939 Scope and Content Note Copyright by Elizabeth Sage Hare & Warren Chappeu. Proscenium plus 4 layers and backdrop; 12.5x16.5x0.5 cm. (when folded).

Box 48 Le petit chaperon rouge, 1939 Scope and Content Note Paris; Au bon mar-ché; Maison Aristide Boucicaut. Small peepshow; color; N.B., 1 small figure has separated from the peepshow, included.

Box 48 Mère du Sauveur, priez pour nous, 1939 Scope and Content Note Paris; Villemur, éditeur; Rue de la Harpe, 55. Paper doily and peepshow with image of the Madonna; pricked; 11.5x7 cm.

Box 48 Nansen in the Polar regions, 1939 Scope and Content Note Same as in Box 49 below; not mounted.

Box 49 Three small peepshows, 1920s Scope and Content Note London, Paris, New York; Raphael Tuck & Sons, Ltd. Printed in Germany. Each 10x5x8.5 cm.

Box 49 Nansen in the Polar regions Scope and Content Note See also Box 48.

Box 49 Mount Vesuvius, Italy Box 49 Lake Lucerne, Switzerland. Box 50 [Religious festival] circa 1830-1875 Scope and Content Note Elaborate peepshow, with 62 accordion folds, that expands to 1.30 m. x 47 cm. high. Origin unknown (Northern France or Netherlands?). Hand-painted Church interior displays a religious feast.

Box 51 Engelbrecht perspective theaters: large format, 1700s Physical Description: 7 theaters Scope and Content Note Most cited in La camera dei sortilegi, as noted.

Box 51 [Praesentation einer Hirsch-Jagd] Scope and Content Note Series no. 14; sheets [89], 90-94; 5 parts and backdrop. Cfr. La camera dei sortilegi, p. 60.

93.R.118 32 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 51 [Praesentation eines scharffen Rencontre] Scope and Content Note Series no. 18; sheets 114-118; 3 parts and backdrop. Cfr. La camera dei sortilegi, p. 60.

Box 51 Präsentation der Italiänischen Comödianten, circa 1700 Scope and Content Note I. Wachmuht inv. et del. Series n.o 22; sheets 137-142; proscenium and 4 parts and 2 different backdrops (both numbered 142, a garden view and the background theater interior); large format, part of 20x20 cm. Cfr. La camera dei sortilegi, p. 49 and p. 60.

Box 51 [Praesentation des Markus Platzes in Venedig] Scope and Content Note Series no. 35; sheets [225], [...], [...], [...], [231]; proscenium and 3 parts and backdrop. Cfr. La camera dei sortilegi, p. 60.

Box 51 Representation d'un joutte sur l'eau Scope and Content Note Alternate title: [Praesentation eines schönen Fischer Stechen] Series no. 47; sheets ; 2 parts and backdrop. Cfr. La camera dei sortilegi, p. 61.

Box 51 [Theater] Scope and Content Note Series no. 48; sheets 317, 319, 320, [321], [322]; proscenium and 4 parts and backdrop.

Box 51 [Der Bethlehemitische Kindermort] Scope and Content Note Series no. 57; sheets [379], 380-385; proscenium and 5 parts and backdrop; colored engraving; 17x19cm. Cfr. La camera dei sortilegi, p. 37 and p. 61; also at Milan, Museo della Scala; Munich, Bayerische National-museum; and Augsburg, Staats und Stadt Bibliothek.

Box 52 Engelbrecht perspective theaters: medium format, circa 1720 Physical Description: 12 theaters Scope and Content Note Theaters are partial, with pieces missing.

Box 52 [Roman military camp] circa 1720 Scope and Content Note 5 parts and 1 backdrop and 1 synthesis sheet; hand colored on parchment, this set is constituted of two originally separate sets, which however present the same handwriting on the verso of the various layers: layers 1, 2, 3, belong to one set; layers 4-6 belong to another; 8.5X13 cm.

Box 52 [Channel with northern city in background] Scope and Content Note 4 parts (2 missing). Cfr. La camera dei sortilegi, p.57.

Box 52 [Court life] Scope and Content Note 3 parts and backdrops.

93.R.118 33 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 52 [Villa with garden] Scope and Content Note 1 part and backdrop.

Box 52 [Kitchen interior] Scope and Content Note 1 part and synthesis sheet.

Box 52 [Village with ruins] Scope and Content Note 3 parts and synthesis sheet; possibly part 2 belongs to a different set.

Box 52 [Synagogue lectern] Scope and Content Note 1 part.

Box 52 [Joseph into the pit] Scope and Content Note 2 parts.

Box 52 [Daniel in the lions’ den] Scope and Content Note 1 backdrop.

Box 52 [Christ's life] Scope and Content Note 1 part and backdrop.

Box 52 [Winter] Scope and Content Note 1 part; copy of item #4 in Box 53, 3rd layer.

Box 52 [Spring] Scope and Content Note 2 parts and synthesis sheet; copy of item #1 in Box 53, layers 2 and 4.

Box 53 The Four Seasons, Engelbrecht perspective theaters: medium format, circa 1720 Box 53 [Spring] Scope and Content Note 5 parts and backdrop.

Box 53 Perspectivische Vortellung eines schönen Garten Scope and Content Note Summer. 5 parts and backdrop.

Box 53 Perspectivische Vorstellung des Englischen Grüsses und der Heimsuchung Maria Scope and Content Note Fall. Proscenium and 5 parts and backdrop.

Box 53 [Winter] Scope and Content Note 5 parts and backdrop.

93.R.118 34 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 54 Engelbrecht viewer, 1800s Scope and Content Note Augsburg. With glass lens and opaque white glass lid. A horizontal wooden box with a modern lens and internal grooves to hold the layers of an Engelbrecht theater.

Box 55 Thaumatropes disks, circa 1900 Physical Description: 5 disks Scope and Content Note England. 6.4 cm. diam. each. 1-2. The juggler (2 copies); 3-4. Jack in the box (2 copies); 5. Get cracking

Box 55 Jeu du , 1890 Scope and Content Note France; Paris. Académie des arts graphiques; 18, Rue Malher. 10.5x16.5x2 cm. 10 paper thaumatropes, in cardboard box diameter 7.5 cm. 1. Au cirque; 2. Una grande représentation; 3. L'Oiseau e'énvole; 4. L'Aquarium; 5. La Malle des Indes; 6. Il était une Bergère; 7. La force prime le droit; 8. Sur le pont d'Avignon; 9. C'est la Mère Michel; 10. Steeple-Chase.

Box 56 Handle for Moving panorama Scope and Content Note Aka spindle doodle. Made by the repository to be used with panorama in Box 57

Box 57 Fores's Moving Panorama or Optical Illusions, giving life and activity to inanimate objects : a nut for philosophers; to be viewed with a phenakistoscope , circa 1833-1834 Scope and Content Note London; S. W. Fores Optical Illu-sions, Publ.d at 41, Picadilly; S. W. Fores. Cardboard portfolio with set of 7 large English disks; 23.5 cm. diam., and 3 small German hand-colored disks (unknown maker); 19 cm. diam.

Box 58 Ombres Chinoises, 1880 Scope and Content Note France, Paris; L. Saussine Éditeur. Large box with frame and groove to hold placards and rolls used to hang paper, 38x54x9.5 cm.; and 4 placards (paper on wood frame, fragile, colored lithograph?, badly ripped). 1. Danse serpentine dans la cage aux lions, signed Ludovic, 35x42cm.; 2. A Victor Hugo, 35x42 cm.; 3. [Town carnival] 35x42 cm.; 4. Grand eaux a Versailles; signed Ludovic, 35x42 cm.

Box 59 Wooden hand stereoscope, 1860s or later Scope and Content Note Holmes type, made in Germany? 19x32x10 cm.; lens 8x16 cm.

Box 59 Stereoscopic cards Physical Description: 2 cards Scope and Content Note When viewed through the stereoscope, the two parts of the image overlap, creating an optical illusion.

Box 59 [Cage and bird] Scope and Content Note Germany; Series no. 4.

93.R.118 35 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 59 [Man at table waiting to be served by woman who is entering the room with a dish] Scope and Content Note London; William Spooner, 379 Strand; Series no 5. Caption: “Optical transpositions: great expectations, a magic novelty for the stereoscope.”

Box 60 Stereo viewer for backlit images, 1880 Scope and Content Note Brewster type, made in England. Wood; 11x17x15 cm.

Box 61 Glass stereo slides, 1850s-1970s Scope and Content Note Images of expositions and panoramic views of European landscapes, made by various manufacturers. 81 slides in 4 small boxes (a-d) organized by country in alphabetical order. See list of individual slides in the repositories’ Research files.

Box 61 (a) Austria, Bohemia, England, France Box 61 (b) Germany, Greece, Italy - art and architecture Box 61 (c) Italy - war, Middle East Box 61 (d) Spain, unidentified places Box 62 51 metal stereograph plates Scope and Content Note To be used in the column stereo-viewer as ballast [see Box 75**]. Not original Nekes’ material; 17x8.5 cm.

Box 63** Lithophanie lamp shade Physical Description: Porcelain; 19.6x21.5 cm. diam.

Box 64** Lithophanie lamp stem, silver, Physical Description: 36x15 cm.brass; 21.5x14 cm.

Box 65** In excursion to London, 1880 Scope and Content Note Made in England. A panorama known as an “eidophusikon” or “moving panorama” with views of London, in a viewer for backlit prints. Wood and paper; candle holder in back of viewer. 18x17x9 cm.

Box 66 Längenpanorama Reise von Hamburg nach Altona, 1823 Scope and Content Note A panorama scroll, made in Germany. 8x492 cm.

Box 66 Peter Suhrs, Panorama einer Reise von Hamburg nach Altona und zurück, 1909 Scope and Content Note Erklärt von Dr. J. Heckscher; mit 7 Abbildungen. Berlin W. 30; Hermann Barsdorf Verlag; 1909. 136 pp.; 24x15.5 cm. Guidebook to a panorama.

Box 67** Voyage Où Il Vous Plaira, 1860 Scope and Content Note Viewer for backlit prints, with prints. Made in France. Prints are stamped with the name J. C. Nicolai. Viewing stand for front and back lighting, and 12 oval backlit prints: 1. Versailles; 2. Londres, La Tamise; 3. Somerset House, Bernard Castle; 4. Notre Dame de Paris; 5. Tunnel de Rolleboise (Chemin du Hàvre); 6-7.Constantinople; 8. Venise; 9. La Tamise et le Tunnel; 10. Arsenal de Toulon ; 11. Les Bains de Dieppe; 12. Lugano.

93.R.118 36 Series III. Artifacts, 1700- circa 1980

Box 68** Viewer for backlit prints, circa 1750 Scope and Content Note Vues d'optique viewer for two people, aka Guckkasten, made in Holland. Foldable; wood; h. 32.8 cm; w. 49.5 cm; d. 96 cm.

Box 69 Polyorama panoptique, 1850 Scope and Content Note Brevet d'invention S. G.tie du Gouv.t; French. Viewer for backlit prints composed of 3 parts: viewing lens on mahogany frame, a bellows (to regulate focus) and the slide box (slides are inserted from above); 12.5x16x14 cm.; paper, wood, and fabric; measures 3x3 cm. Cfr. Il mondo nuovo, p.103 and p.185. See backlit prints in Box 69.

Box 69 Backlit prints, 1850 Physical Description: 4 items Scope and Content Note Images on paper in wood frames; with colored backing paper and pin-pricks. For use in the Polyorama panoptique, Box 69. [Venice: Doge palace] badly ripped, 14.5x9.5 cm.; La nuite de Noël en Angleterre, 14.5x9.5 cm.; Regent Street: la Bourse (Londres) 14.5x9.5 cm.; [Castle] 14.5x9.5 cm.

Box 70** Polyorama panoptique et diagraphique pour dessiner d'apres nature, 1851 Scope and Content Note France; Brevet d'invention S. G.tie du Gouv.t. Used also as a camera obscura. Viewer for translucent backlit images, composed of 3 parts: viewing lens on mahogany frame, a bellows (to regulate focus) and the slide box. Slides are inserted from the side to be viewed. Paper, wood, and fabric; 16.5 h. x 46 l. x 21.6 w. cm. See Box 7 for 18 images to be used with this type of viewer.

Box 75** Wooden column stereo-viewer, late 1880s Scope and Content Note Made in France. Floor-standing. See Box 62** for metal plates to be used with stereo-viewer for ballast.

93.R.118 37