The Physiology and Structure of Tissues (Biology 396)

Instructor: Dr. Penny S. Perkins-Johnston Office: Science Hall 2, 121 Hours: Wednesday, 0800-1200 or by appointment Phone: (760) 750-8140 Email: [email protected] or via WebCT (webct6.csusm.edu)

Required Text: Junqueira and Carneiro. Basic Histology: Text and Atlas. 11th ed. And CD rom set. McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division.

Other Material: Dissection kit. Available in the book store.

Objectives: The physiology of tissues is intimately linked to their structure. Organ tissues out of homeostatic balance reflect consistent changes in their structure. Tissue physiology and structure explores the link between health and disease at the microscopic level by examining the interrelationship between microanatomical features and their function. Students will analyze the detailed structure and function of cells that comprise tissues, organs and organ systems, and how their structure dictates their specific physiological role in health and disease.

Administrative information: 1. Attendance policy: It is critical to your success in this course that you attend class regularly. If you do not attend regularly, you may be dropped from this class or receive an “F” as a final course grade. 2. It is your responsibility to make sure that you are properly enrolled, and if you decide not to continue in the course, you must officially drop. 3. Turn off all cell phones and pagers when in class. 4. Check for announcements on WebCT daily. 5. Unexcused or excessive absence will result in an “F” in the course. 6. You must take all lecture exams to pass the course.

Evaluation and Grading: Your grade will be based on the total number of points you earn out of the total number of points possible. There are multiple opportunities to earn points. Throughout the semester, you will take about 4 quizzes worth 50 points each. Quizzes will be administered at the beginning of lecture on TUESDAYS, and will be on the previous unit’s lecture material. The final exam is comprehensive and worth 200 points. In addition, students will conduct a research project* on a topic of their own interest, but within the scope of the course. Students will submit their research papers no latter than the day of the final exam. Research projects are worth 100 points.

Grades are assigned on a point basis as a percentage of the total number of points possible (e.g., number of points you earned on all assignments divided by the total number of points possible x 100). Grading Scale:

A: 100-90% B: 89-80% C: 79-70% D: 69-60%

Make up Exams: There are NO make up exams except if you have a serious and compelling reason for not being able to take an exam during the examination period. NOTE: YOU MUST INFORM THE INSTRUCTOR AT LEAST ONE WEEK PRIOR TO THE EXAM DATE. Bring a written explanation stating the reason for needing the make- up exam.

Academic Honesty: Any form of cheating/plagiarism will not be tolerated. On all assignments, DO YOUR OWN WORK. Cheating will result in an “F” on the assignment/test, and “F” in the course, and you will be dropped from the class, and may be expelled from the University. See pages 77-78 in the 2006-2008 CSUSM catalog.

Students with Disabilities: Students with disabilities who require academic accommodations must present me with the appropriate documentation from the Office of Disabled Student Services (DSS, Craven Hall 4200; 750-4905, or TDD 750-4909) at the beginning of the semester. Please see me during my office hour so we can discuss how to accommodate your needs and sign the necessary paperwork.

Research Project: The papers should be written in the format of a journal article (as much as possible) with a title, abstract, introduction, summary of methods, summary of results, discussion and literature citation. Biology 396: Tentative Lecture Schedule

Week Topic Text Chapter 1 Methods of study: Tissue preparation, special techniques, 1 microscopy, cell & tissue culture, detection of specific macromolecules. Interpretation and limitations. 2 Methodology and interpretation, continued 1

3 Cell division, differentiation, apoptosis, necrosis 2 &3

4 Quiz 1 (9/16) 4

Epithelial tissues: types, functions and specializations 5 Connective tissues: types, functions, specializations, fibers, 5 & 6 ground substance.

Physiology, endocrinology and structure of adipose tissue 6 Bone physiology: bone growth and remodeling, metabolic role of 8 bone, calcium homeostasis, histiogenesis.

7 Muscle tissue: Skeletal muscle structure-function and disease. 9 & 10 Nervous tissue: Types, location, function

8 Quiz 2 (10/14) 11 The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac muscle, blood vessel types and functions, carotid bodies, carotid sinuses, arterial degenerative alterations, arteriovenous anastomoses.

Blood and Hematopoiesis: role of growth factors and differentiation of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets. Function of formed elements. Diseases 9 Digestive system: The GI tract from mouth to anus. Structure and 15 physiology of the GI tract.

10 Digestive system: Associated glands and organs: Liver, 16 pancreas (a double gland), salivary glands, and gallbladder. 11 Quiz 3 (11/4) 17 Respiratory system: Conduction, gaseous exchange, respiratory mechanics, defense and disease. Restrictive versus obstructive pulmonary disease characteristics. 12 Integumentary system: The skin and accessory organs. 18 13 Urinary system: kidneys, bladder and urinary passages. JGA 19 and macula densa. 14 Endocrine system: cells, tissues and organs. Role in maintaining 20 homeostasis 15 Quiz 4 (12/2) 21 & 22 Male and Female reproductive systems 16 Final Exam—Turn in project Thursday 1345-1545