AMERICANt MUSEUM Novitates PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 Number 2792, pp. 1-30, figs. 1-62 August 13, 1984
A Revision of the Spider Genera Trachyzelotes and Urozelotes (Araneae, Gnaphosidae)
NORMAN I. PLATNICK' AND JOHN A. MURPHY2
ABSTRACT The subgenus Trachyzelotes Lohmander is re- (Kroneberg), with which Zelotes insipiens (Simon) moved from Zelotes, elevated to generic rank, and of Senegal, Z. sorex Denis of Egypt, Z. cavaleriei redefined to include those zelotines with a dis- Schenkel ofChina, Drassylluspeninsulanus (Banks) tinctive cluster of stiff setae on the anteromedian of the southwestern United States and Mexico, surface of the chelicerae; the generic name Si- Camillina spinibarbis (Simon) of Oman, C. acan- monizelotes Marinaro is a nomen nudum that was thognatha (Purcell) of South Africa, Scotophaeus intended by its author to refer to the same group chohanius Patel and Patel of India, and Drassodes of species. Trachyzelotes seems natively Mediter- indraprastha Tikader and Gajbe ofIndia are newly ranean but some species have apparently been in- synonymized, and which is newly recorded from troduced into (and redescribed from) far-flung Hawaii; and T. kulczynskii (Bosenberg), with which areas. Three species groups are recognized within Z. samoensis Berland of Samoa is newly synon- the genus. The pedestris group contains only the ymized, the male ofwhich is described for the first European type species T. pedestris (C. L. Koch). time, and which is newly recorded from Florida, The lyonneti group contains one new species, T. Jamaica, and St. Kitts. The barbatus group con- stubbsi from Cyprus, and four Mediterranean tains two new species, T. huberti from Algeria and species transferred from Zelotes: T. lyonneti (Au- T. malkini from Turkey, Crete, and the Soviet douin), with which Zelotes ursinus (0. P.-Cam- Union, and six Mediterranean species transferred bridge) ofIsrael, Z. brasilianus (Keyserling) ofBra- from Zelotes: T. barbatus (L. Koch), newly re- zil, Z. philippsoni Denis of Morocco, Z. errans corded from California; T.fuscipes (L. Koch), with Benoit of Saint Helena, and Drassyllus agilis which Zelotes rubicundulus (Simon) of France is (Bryant) of the southern United States are newly newly synonymized; T. ravidus (L. Koch); T. ho- synonymized, and which is newly recorded from losericeus (Simon); T. mutabilis (Simon), with Peru; T. adriaticus (Caporiacco), the female of which Zelotes microbarbatus Marinaro of Algeria which is described for the first time; T. jaxartensis is newly synonymized; and T. costatus (Denis), the ' Curator, Department of Entomology, American Museum of Natural History; Adjunct Professor, Department of Biology, City College, City University of New York. 2 323 Hanworth Road, Hampton, Middlesex, England TW12 3EJ.
Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 1984 ISSN 0003-0082 / Price $2.60 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792 male of which is described for the first time. The Chile, Z. scutatus Mello-Leitao of Brazil, Z. key- genus Urozelotes Mello-Leitao contains the new serlingi Roewer of Uruguay, Camillina amnicola species U. mysticus, from an unknown locality, Tucker of South Africa, C. gigas Schmidt of the and the cosmopolitan, synanthropic species U. Canary Islands, Drassodes agelastus Keyserling of rusticus (L. Koch), transferred from Zelotes, with Brazil, D. malodes Tikader of India, and U. car- which Zelotes completus (Banks) of Mexico, Z. diogynus Mello-Leitao ofArgentina are newly syn- luteus (F. 0. P.-Cambridge) of Guatemala, Z. pa- onymized. cificus (Simon) of Hawaii, Z. porteri (Simon) of INTRODUCTION This paper, the twentieth in a series on the CNC, Canadian National Collection, Dr. C. D. spider family Gnaphosidae, is the fourth de- Dondale and Mr. J. H. Redner voted to representatives of the Zelotes com- CRB, Dr. R. Bosmans plex, a highly speciose and worldwide group CUC, Cornell University Collection, housed at AMNH containing those gnaphosids with a preening DEB, Mr. D. E. Bixler comb on metatarsi III and IV. Three genera DTJ, Dr. D. T. Jennings belonging to the complex (Drassyllus, Cam- EPC, Exline-Peck Collection, Dr. W. B. Peck illina, and Zelotes) have large American fau- FIS, Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Dr. M. nas recently revised by Platnick and Shadab Grasshoff (1982a, 1982b, 1983). The present paper FMNH, Field Museum ofNatural History, Dr. L. completes coverage ofthe New World mem- Watrous bers of the group by providing accounts of FSCA, Florida State Collection ofArthropods, Dr. two Old World genera that include species G. B. Edwards apparently introduced into various parts of HEC, Hope Entomological Collections, Oxford University, Dr. M. C. Birch and Mr. I. Lansbury America. JAB, Dr. J. A. Beatty The format of the descriptions and stan- JAM, Mr. J. A. Murphy dard abbreviations of morphological terms LACM, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles follow those used by Platnick and Shadab County, Dr. C. L. Hogue and Mr. C. Nagano (1975); all measurements are in millimeters. MCN, Museu de Ciencias Naturais, Porto Alegre, We thank Dr. M. U. Shadab ofthe American Dr. A. A. Lise Museum for providing illustrations, Ms. J. MCV, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Verona, Whelan of the American Museum for assis- Dr. G. Osella tance with the scanning electron microscope, MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Dr. H. Dr. C. D. Dondale ofthe Biosystematics Re- W. Levi MET, Mr. M. E. Thompson search Institute for reviewing a draft of the MLP, Museo de La Plata, Dr. R. F. Arrozpide manuscript, and the curators and collectors MNHN, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, listed below for supplying specimens. Dr. M. Hubert MRAC, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Dr. COLLECTIONS EXAMINED R. Jocque NVH, Dr. N. V. Homer AMNH, American Museum of Natural History, PGA, Dr. P. G. Aguilar F. including material made available by Dr. W. J. PMB, Dr. P. M. Brignoli Gertsch REL, Dr. R. E. Leech BJK, Dr. B. J. Kaston SAM, South African Museum, Ms. C. A. Car and BMNH, British Museum (Natural History), Mr. Dr. V. B. Whitehead P. Hillyard and Mr. F. Wanless SBM, Santa Barbara Museum ofNatural History, BRV, Dr. B. R. Vogel Dr. F. G. Hochberg and Mr. S. Miller CAS, California Academy ofSciences, Dr. W. Pu- SCJ, Mr. S. C. Johnson lawski TAM, Texas A&M University, Dr. A. Dean CDFA, California Department of Food and Ag- UCB, University of California at Berkeley, Drs. riculture, Ms. M. J. Moody E. I. Schlinger and C. Griswold CDU, Mr. D. Ubick UCR, University of California at Riverside, Mr. CEM, Dr. M. Emerit S. Frommer CKT, Dr. K. Thaler VDR, Mr. V. D. Roth 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 3
FIGS. 1, 2. Trachyzelotes sp. 1. Chelicerae, anterior view, showing cluster of stiffsetae. 2. Metatarsus I, ventral view, showing one doubled row of thick setae.
WAS, Dr. W. A. Shear light; PME usually largest, others subequal; WCS, Mr. W. C. Sedgwick typically with AME separated by less than WRI, Mr. W. R. Icenogle their diameter, much closer to ALE, PME ZIL, Zoological Institute, Leningrad, Dr. V. I. separated by their radius or less, farther from Ovtsharenko ZMH, Zoologisches Museum, Universitat Ham- PLE, lateral eyes of each side separated by burg, Dr. G. Rack less than their diameter, MOQ slightly wider ZSI, Zoological Survey ofIndia, Dr. B. K. Tikader in back than long or in front. Clypeal height at AME greater than their diameter. Chelic- TRACHYZELOTES LOHMANDER, NEW RANK erae with up to seven small retromarginal teeth; promargin and median half of anterior Zelotes (Trachyzelotes) Lohmander, 1944, p. 13 surface coated with stiff setae (fig. 1); boss [type species by original designation Zelotes pe- present anterolaterally. Endites short, rect- destris (C. L. Koch)]. angular, obliquely depressed, anteriorly nar- Simonizelotes Marinaro, 1967, p. 702 (nomen nu- rowed; labium rounded distally; sternum re- dum). bordered, without sclerotized extensions to DIAGNOSIS: Specimens of Trachyzelotes can coxae, with uniformly short setae. Leg for- be distinguished from those of all other ze- mula 4123. Typical leg spination pattern (only lotine genera by the presence of a cluster of surfaces bearing spines listed): femora: I dl- stiff setae on the anteromedian surface ofthe 1-0, pO-0-1; II dl-l-0; III dl-l-0, pO-1-1, rO- chelicerae (fig. 1). 1-1; IV dl-l-O, rO-0-l; tibiae: III pl-1-1, vlp- DESCRIPTION: Total length 3.3-12.4. Car- 2-2, rO-l-l; IV p2-1-1, v2-2-2, r2-1-1; me- apace oval in dorsal view, widest between tatarsi: II v2-0-0; III pO-1-2, v2-0-0, rO-1-2; coxae II and III, truncated anteriorly and pos- IV pl-2-2, v2-2-0, rl-2-1. Legs light brown teriorly, smoothly narrowed opposite palpi, with tarsi lightest; ventral surface of meta- light brown with darker reticulations, long tarsi and tarsi I and II with two doubled rows stiff black setae along edge of posterior de- of thick setae (fig. 2); tarsi with two dentate clivity, and reflexed lateral margins; cephalic claws and weak claw tufts; trochanters un- area flattened, thoracic groove very short, notched; metatarsi III and IV with distal longitudinal. From above, anterior eye row preening combs; trichobothria in two rows very slightly recurved, posterior row very on tarsi, one on metatarsi. Abdomen gray slightly procurved; from front, both rows (males only with short orange anterior scu- procurved; AME circular, dark, PME irreg- tum), dorsum with three pairs oflighter mus- ularly rectangular, light, ALE and PLE oval, cle impressions, anterior surface with long 4 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792 bristles, otherwise with uniformly short setae be distinguished by genitalic features. The as on sternum; six spinnerets, anteriors typ- type species, T. pedestris (C. L. Koch), has a ically gnaphosoid, with six long spigots. Palp uniquely elongated terminal apophysis (fig. with simple retrolateral tibial apophysis, 3) and massive, fused anterior epigynal ducts elaborate terminal apophysis fused to em- (fig. 6). The lyonneti group, including the next bolar base, and elongate median apophysis. five species treated below, contains males with Epigynum typically with sinuous, m-shaped obliquely oriented terminal apophyses and median ridge. embolar bases (as in fig. 7) and females with TAXONOMIC HISTORY: The species here a semicircular anterior epigynal margin (as placed in Trachyzelotes have been recognized in fig. 10). The barbatus group, including the as constituting a natural group since the time remaining eight species, contains males with of Simon (1914), who dealt with the obvious distally rounded terminal apophyses and em- heterogeneity of the French species then as- bolar bases (as in fig. 27) and females with signed to Zelotes by separating them into three anterolaterally expanded anterior epigynal informal groups. One of those groups (his ducts (as in fig. 30). group C) included only a single species, Ze- TREATMENT: Our treatment of Trachyzel- lotes carmeli (O. P.-Cambridge), which (as we otes is preliminary, in two important senses. shall demonstrate in a subsequent paper in First, because Zelotes is such a large genus, this series) does not belong to Zelotes. The it has not been feasible to locate and examine bulk of the French species were assigned to the type specimens of the many dozens of group B, but the species ofTrachyzelotes were available specific names. Other described taxa segregated as group A, although (as noted by which should be assigned to Trachyzelotes Miller, 1967) Simon erroneously included one may therefore be discovered in the future, of those species, Zelotes rubicundulus (Si- and some changes of specific names may en- mon), in group B instead; Simon also misi- sue. Second, the reader is forewarned that dentified another member of group A, Ze- some apparently undescribed species of the lotes fuscipes (L. Koch), as a different group barbatus group exist that we have not treated B species. Lohmander (1944), in assigning below because the material currently avail- the Swedish species of Zelotes to subgenera, able consists only of unassociated males or established the name Trachyzelotes for one females, often with inadequate (or no) local- of Simon's group A species, Zelotes pedestris ity data. (C. L. Koch). Finally, Marinaro (1967) pro- UNCERTAIN NAME: Judging by the original posed the generic name Simonizelotes; al- description, it seems likely that Zelotes setig- though both the Zoological Record for 1968 er (L. Koch, 1875) from Ethiopia belongs to and Brignoli's (1983) catalog listed another Trachyzelotes, but we have not been able to member of Simon's group A, Zelotes bar- locate the holotype among the BMNH gna- batus (L. Koch), as the type species of Si- phosids and are unable to identify the species monizelotes, Marinaro actually designated no from Koch's illustration. The name is there- type species. He said only (p. 701): "A la fore regarded as a nomen dubium until to- premiere categorie appartiennent, pour l'Al- potypical material becomes available. gerie, Zelotes barbatus (L. Koch), microbar- batus n. sp. et costatus (Denis); en font aussi Trachyzelotes pedestris (C. L. Koch) probablement partie les especes fran9aises du Figures 3-6 groupe A, type Z. barbatus de Simon." Even Melanophora pedestris C. L. Koch, 1837, p. 17 if he had designated one of these taxa as the (holotype from "Bayern," West Germany, may type species, Simonizelotes would be ajunior be in Zoologisches Museum, Berlin, not ex- It amined). subjective synonym of Trachyzelotes. Drassus pedestris: Blackwall, 1861, p. 442. should also be noted that one character used Prosthesima pedestris: 0. P.-Cambridge, 1874, p. by Marinaro to define the group, the presence 321. of unequally sized teeth on the tarsal claws, Zelotes pedestris: Simon, 1914, p. 152. Roewer, is inadequate for that purpose, for it can vary 1954, p. 455. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4939. even on different legs of the same specimen. Zelotes (Trachyzelotes) pedestris: Lohmander, SPECIES GROUPS: Three species groups can 1944, p. 13. 1 984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 5
FIGS. 3-6. Trachyzelotes pedestris (C. L. Koch). 3. Palp, ventral view. 4. Palp, retrolateral view. 5. Epigynum, ventral view. 6. Epigynum, dorsal view.
DIAGNOSIS: This well-known European PLE 0.07. MOQ length 0.24, front width 0.20, species can be easily separated from members back width 0.27. Epigynum with anteriorly of the lyonneti and barbatus groups by the depressed median plate (fig. 5); anterior epig- elongated terminal apophysis ofthe male palp ynal ducts massive, fused (fig. 6). Leg spi- (fig. 3) and the massive, fused anterior epig- nation: femur IV rO-0-0; metatarsi: II vO-0- ynal ducts of females (fig. 6). 0; III rl-1-2; IV rl-2-2. MALE: Total length 3.98-5.26. Carapace MATERIAL EXAMINED: England: BERK- 1.91-2.20 long, 1.57-1.80 wide. Femur II SHIRE: Wytham Woods, Apr. l1-July 6, 1.20-1.48 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: 1954-1955 (J. A. L. Cooke, AMNH), 2Q. AME 0.05, ALE 0.09, PME 0.09, PLE 0.09; DORSET: Ringsted Bay Cliffs, June 19-24, AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.02, PME- 1978-1983, under stones (P. Hillyard, PME 0.05, PME-PLE 0.06, ALE-PLE 0.05. BMNH), 36, 42. SUFFOLK: Capel Green, MOQ length 0.22, front width 0.16, back Apr. 14, 1961, grass roots (J. A. L. Cooke, width 0.22. Terminal apophysis elongated AMNH), 12. SURREY: North Downs (J. A. prolaterally, embolus twisted basally (figs. 3, Murphy, AMNH), 16, 1Q. France: no specific 4). Leg spination: femora: II pO-0-1; III dl- locality (CUC), 16, 12. BOUCHES-DU- 1-1; IV rO-0-0; tibiae: III v2-2-2; IV p1-1-1; RHONE: Marseilles, June 1977 (H. Zibrow- metatarsi: II vO-0-0; III p0-2-2. ius, MCZ), 12. DORDOGNE: Les Eyzies, July FEMALE: Total length 7.07 ± 0.88. Cara- 20, 1981 (CEM), 12. EURE: Vernon, May pace 2.53 ± 0.28 long, 2.04 ± 0.25 wide. 21-22, 1982, garden (H. and L. Levi, MCZ), Femur II 1.59 ± 0.18 long. Eye sizes and 18. PYRENEES-ATLANTIQUES: no spe- interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.09, PME cific locality (MNHN), 16, 12. SEINE-ET- 0.1 1, PLE 0.10; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE MARNE: Chelles (MNHN), 16, 32. VEND- 0.03, PME-PME 0.05, PME-PLE 0.06, ALE- EE: Foret de la Tranche (MNHN), 22. VIL- 6 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
F 10 K (K U 11,/-i
FIGS. 7-10. Trachyzelotes lyonneti (Audouin). 7. Palp, ventral view. 8. Palp, retrolateral view. 9. Epigynum, ventral view. 10. Epigynum, dorsal view.
LE-DE-PARIS: Paris (E. Simon, BMNH), 19. synonymized with lyonneti by Chyzer and Kul- Spain: SANTANDER: Camaleiio, Picos de czynski, 1897, p. 208. Europa, July 3, 1967, elevation 500 feet, un- Prosthesima lyoneti: Simon, 1878, p. 98 (lapsus). der stone (B. Malkin, AMNH), 19. Switzer- Prosthesima ursina: Simon, 1878, p. 99. land: VALAIS: Zermatt (BMNH), 16. Italy: Prosthesima oceanica Simon, 1883, p. 273, fig. 6 (female holotype from Ponta Delgada, Sao FRIULI-VENEZIA GIULIA: Trieste: Tri- Miguel, Azores, should be in MNHN, lost). First este (BMNH), 19. Yugoslavia: "Dalmatien" synonymized with lyonneti by Chyzer and Kul- (BMNH), 19. Denmark: no specific locality czyfiski, 1897, p. 208. (MCZ), 29. Drassus brasilianus Keyserling, 1891, p. 34, fig. DISTRIBUTION: Europe; recorded from En- 13 (female holotype from Rio Grande, Rio gland to Israel (Bonnet, 1959). Grande do Sul, Brazil, in BMNH, examined). NEW SYNONYMY. Trachyzelotes lyonneti (Audouin), Prosthesima secreta: Chyzer and Kulczyfiski, 1896, new combination p. 10. Figures 7-10 Scotophaeus brasilianus: Mello-Leitao, 1915, p. 143. Drassus lyonnetii Audouin, 1827, p. 383, pl. 5, fig. Latonigena brasilianus: Mello-Leitao, 1918, p. 72, 6 (male holotype from Egypt or Syria, should fig. 42. Bonnet, 1957, p. 2363. be in MNHN, lost). Zelotes ursinus: Reimoser, 1919, p. 171. Roewer, Melanophora lyonetii: Simon, 1864, p. 117 (lap- 1954, p. 460. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4958. sus). Zelotes oceanicus: Reimoser, 1919, p. 204. Melanophora ursina 0. P.-Cambridge, 1872, p. Nodocion agilis Bryant, 1936, p. 93, fig. 3 (male 245, fig. 25 (two female syntypes from "the plains holotype from Dallas, Dallas County, Texas, in ofthe Jordan" River, Israel, in HEC, examined). MCZ, examined). Roewer, 1954, p. 427. Bon- NEW SYNONYMY. net, 1958, p. 3105. NEW SYNONYMY. Drassus secretus Thorell, 1875b, p. 92 (female ho- Nodocion zelotoides Chamberlin, 1936b, p. 6, fig. lotype from the Madeira Islands, should be in 20 (female holotype from Green Island Bird Zoologisk Museum, Copenhagen, lost). First Refuge, Cameron County, Texas, in AMNH, 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 7
examined). Preoccupied by N. zelotoides Worley CALIFORNIA: Contra Costa Co.: Tilden (1928). Park, June 20-July 18, 1980 (J. B. Fraser, Nodocion solaster Chamberlin, 1937, p. 170 (no- AMNH), 26, 19. Los Angeles Co.: no specific men novum for N. zelotoides Chamberlin). First locality, summer 1955 (H. N. Edison, synonymized with agilis by Ubick and Roth, 1973, p. 2. AMNH), 19; Altadena, Aug. 1966 (F. Rus- Zelotes brasilianus: Mello-Leit&io, 1943, p. 216 (not sell, AMNH), 19; Ballona Wetlands, near fig. 42). Roewer, 1954, p. 467. Playa del Rey, July 9-Sept. 16, 1980 (C. D. Nodocion chamberlini Roewer, 1951, p. 443 (su- Nagano, J. N. Hogue, LACM), 29, Mar. 22, perfluous nomen novum for N. zelotoides Cham- 1981 (C. D. Nagano, J. N. Hogue, LACM), berlin); 1954, p. 427. 16; Eagle Rock, Aug. 12, 1956 (J. D. Soule, Zelotes lyonneti: Roewer, 1954, p. 453. Bonnet, AMNH), 29; Glendale, Apr. 23-May 21, 1959, p. 4934. 1951-1952 (T. Tice, AMNH), 29; Long Zelotes philippsoni Denis, 1956, p. 275, fig. 1 (fe- Beach, Apr. 21, 1968 (M. E. Thompson, male holotype from Rabat, Rabat-Sale, Moroc- MET), 16; Los Angeles, Apr. 23, 1949 (J. D. co, in MNHN, examined). NEW SYNONYMY. Drassyllus agilis: Ubick and Roth, 1973, p. 2. Soule, AMNH), 16, June 5-Sept. 17, 1956 (J. Zelotes errans Benoit, 1977, p. 55, figs. 19a-f (fe- D. Soule, AMNH), 29; Redondo Beach, July male holotype from Basse Fisher's Valley, Saint 2, 1950 (H. L. Shantz, AMNH), 19; San Cle- Helena, in MRAC, examined). NEW SYN- mente Island (N end), Mar. 22, 1972 (J. Doy- ONYMY. en, UCB), 19; San Pedro, Aug. 22, 1950 (D. E. Beck, AMNH), 19; Sunland, May 12-June DIAGNOSIS: This species seems closest to 10, 1955-1957 (R. X. Schick, AMNH), 26; T. adriaticus and T. stubbsi (males ofall three Whittier Narrows Recreation Area, Aug. 16, have distinct prolateral extensions on the ter- 1976 (M. E. Thompson, MET), 19. Marin minal apophysis) but can be distinguished by Co.: San Anselmo, Mar. 31, 1973 (J. Zari, having the prolateral extension of the ter- CAS), 19. Monterey Co.: Carmel, Mar. 31, minal apophysis sharply pointed (fig. 7) and 1954 (AMNH), 19; Pebble Beach, Sept. 9, the m-shaped median ridge of the epigynum 1953, in stables (H. Baxter, AMNH), 16. Riv- short (fig. 9). erside Co.: Riverside, July 3, 1956 (E. I. MALE: Total length 4.69 ± 0.38. Carapace Schlinger, AMNH), 19, Aug. 7, 1957 (E. I. 2.16 ± 0.18 long, 1.73 ± 0.11 wide. Femur Schlinger, AMNH), 16, May 25, 1976, dry II 1.48 ± 0.10 long. Eye sizes and interdist- grass (D. Carroll, UCR), 18; Winchester, Mar. ances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.11, PME 0.09, PLE 23-Nov. 11, 1969-1982, in building, on 0.10; AME-AME 0.03, AME-ALE 0.01, driveway, and crawling on turned soil (W. R. PME-PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.07, ALE-PLE Icenogle, WRI), 56, 39. San Diego Co.: Al- 0.04. MOQ length 0.25, front width 0.19, varado Canyon, Mar. 27, 1976, under rocks back width 0.24. Prolateral extension of ter- (S. C. Johnson, SCJ), 16, 19; Del Mar, Apr. minal apophysis sharply pointed, median 15-May 30, 1957 (J. A. Comstock, AMNH), apophysis massive (figs. 7, 8). Leg spination: 19; La Mesa, Aug. 12, 1952 (W. M. Pearce, femur II p0-0- 1; tibia III v2-2-2; metatarsus AMNH), 19, Apr. 20, 1978, in yard (S. C. III vlp-0-0, rl-1-2. Johnson, SCJ), 16; 8 mi. N Oceanside, Mar. FEMALE: Total length 7.09 ± 0.75. Cara- 30,1960 (W. J. Gertsch, W. Ivie, R. Schram- pace 2.48 ± 0.25 long, 1.90 ± 0.17 wide. mel, AMNH), 19; Otay Mesa, Johnson Can- Femur 11 1.60 ± 0.10 long. Eye sizes and yon, Apr. 1-27, 1977-1978, elevation 500 interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME feet, grassy canyon side, under rocks (S. C. 0.11, PLE 0.12; AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE Johnson, W. R. Icenogle, SCJ, WRI), 56,129; 0.02, PME-PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.06, ALE- San Diego, Apr. 1971, pitfalls (B. J. Kaston, PLE 0.07. MOQ length 0.29, front width 0.22, BJK), 36, 19; San Pasqual Valley, May 17, back width 0.28. Median epigynal ridge short, 1948 (W. M. Pearce, AMNH), 16, 19; Sunset anterior epigynal ducts m-shaped (figs. 9, 10). Cliffs, Point Loma, Aug. 26, 1977, on beach Leg spination: femur II pO-0-1; tibia III rl- sand (S. C. Johnson, SCJ), 16. San Mateo Co.: 1-1; metatarsi: I vlp-0-0; II v2-lp-0; III rl- Atherton, Dec. 11, 1927 (J. C. Chamberlin, 1-2. AMNH), 16; San Bruno Mountain, Mar. 7, MATERIAL EXAMINED: United States: 1979, matured late June (D. Ubick, CDU), 8 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
/
)
FIGS. 11-14. Trachyzelotes adriaticus (Caporiacco). 11. Palp, ventral view. 12. Palp, retrolateral view. 13. Epigynum, ventral view. 14. Epigynum, dorsal view.
19; 0.5 mi. W San Mateo, May-Sept. 1962, elevation 70)0-1100 feet (B. Malkin, AMNH), pitfall (H. Stark, CAS), 16. Santa Clara Co.: 39. TEXAS:,: Baylor Co.: no specific locality, San Jose, May 5-June 3, 1974-1980, under May 10, 19'75, ground (T. Emsoff, NVH), 19. rocks (D. Ubick, CDU), 16, 29; Stanford Uni- Cameron CcO.: Green Island Bird Refuge, May versity, Palo Alto, July 19, 1924 (C. Duncan, 4, 1935 (S. Mulaik, AMNH), 19 (type); 11 MCZ), 19. Solano Co.: Fairfield, Apr.-Aug. mi. E Rio H[ondo, Dec. 8,1954 (K. W. Haller, 1955 (K. W. Haller, AMNH), 16, 19. Stan- AMNH), I Y. Dallas Co.: Oak Cliff, Dallas, islaus Co.: 5 mi. N Turlock, May 25, 1976, May 15, 1S935 (S. Jones, MCZ), 19 (type); pitfall, grassland (J. Collins, UCB), 19. Tulare Southern M[ethodist University, Dallas, June Co.: Waukena, Aug. 10, 1979, sticky trap in 14-July 7, 11935-1936, mule barn (S. Jones, cotton (D. Carroll, CDFA), 16. Ventura Co.: MCZ), 39. JHidalgo Co.: Rio Grande Valley Pt. Mugu Naval Air Station, May 22-Aug. State Park, ]Bentsen, July 7-11, 1970, carrion 24, 1981-1982, pitfalls (C. D. Nagano, J. N. trap (A. Newton, MCZ), 18. Kleberg Co.: Hogue, LACM), 116, 99. ILLINOIS: Madi- Kingsville, IFeb. 26-Dec. 15, 1969 (J. Hallan, son Co.: Alton, May 10, 1976, under rock in AMNH), lc6, 19. Potter Co.: Amarillo, Aug. yard (S. Walter, MCZ), 19. MISSOURI: 30, 1942 (B.. Malkin, AMNH), 16. Travis Co.: Phelps Co.: Rolla, June 18-July 24, 1953- Austin, Maty 1-Aug. 1, 1945-1948 (H. Ex- 1957 (H. Exline, D. L. Frizzell, EPC), 16, 29. line, D. L. FFrizzell, EPC), 16, 59. Brazil: RIO Saint Louis Co.: Saint Louis (N. and P. Rau, GRANDE DO SUL: Porto Alegre, Jan. 18, MCZ), 16. OREGON: Lane Co.: Coburg Hills, 1955 (G. Wiiener, MCN), 19; Rio Grande (von Feb. 22, 1942 (B. Malkin, H. Stobie, AMNH), Ihering, BI 4NH), 19 (type). Peru: CALLAO: 16; Eugene, Mar. 19-Aug. 12, 1941-1946, Callao, Noiv. 16, 1950 (E. S. Ross, A. E. elevation 800-1200 feet (B. Malkin, AMNH), Michelbachler, CAS), 16, 19. LIMA: Huaura 36, 59; Spencer Butte, June 29-Sept. 13, 1941, Valley, Jan. 1969, in cotton fields (P. Aguilar 1 984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 9
F., PGA), 26, 19; Lima, in cotton field (W. minal apophysis (fig. 11), females by the lat- Weyrauch, EPC), 19; 47 km. E Lima, Feb. 8, erally short anterior epigynal ducts (fig. 14). 1965, elevation 1100 m., under stones in pas- MALE: Total length 4.25, 4.28. Carapace ture (H. W. Levi, MCZ), 16, 1Q; Quebrada de 1.90, 1.91 long, 1.53, 1.55 wide. Femur II Chilca, 7 km. E Santa Maria del Mar, Dec. 1.19, 1.30 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: 24, 1973, elevation 720 m. (O. F. Francke, AME 0.05, ALE 0.08, PME 0.06, PLE 0.09; AMNH), 39; Quebrada Verde (P. Aguilar F., AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.02, PME- EPC), 19; Valle Lurin, Nov. 1958, cotton PME 0.07, PME-PLE 0.06, ALE-PLE 0.03. leaves (P. Aguilar F., EPC), 19. LORETO: MOQ length 0.22, front width 0.18, back Iquitos, Nov. 1961 (J. Callan, AMNH), 16. width 0.19. Terminal apophysis with short, France: BOUCHES-DU-RHONE: Marig- blunt prolateral extension, retrolateral tibial nane (MNHN), 26, 19. Italy: VENETO: Ve- apophysis slightly incised at tip (figs. 11, 12). nezia: Pelta di Bo, June 22, 1979 (CKT), 19. Leg spination: femur II p0-0- 1; tibiae: III v2- Greece: CRETE: Gortyna, Apr. 16-18, 1979- 2-2; IV p 1 - I - 1; metatarsi: I v2-0-0; III p1-1- 1981 (J. A. Murphy, JAM), 26, 19. Turkey: 2. rl-1-2. ANTALYA: ancient Phaselis, May 13-14, FEMALE: Total length 5.23-6.64. Carapace 1981 (B. Malkin, AMNH), 16. Soviet Union: 2.17-2.44 long, 1.67-1.93 wide. Femur II TURKMEN S.S.R.: Copetdag, Apr. 22-28, 1.43-1.71 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: 1978 (V. Kuznetnov, ZIL), 19. Israel: "on the AME 0.07, ALE 0.10, PME 0.10, PLE 0.10; plains of the Jordan" River, 1865 (O. P.- AME-AME 0.05, AME-ALE 0.02, PME- Cambridge, HEC), 29 (types). Algeria: AL- PME 0.04, PME-PLE 0.07, ALE-PLE 0.06. GER: Boufarik, Nov. 7, 1948 (B. Malkin, MOQ length 0.24, front width 0.19, back AMNH), 19; El Harrach, May 9, 1983 (R. width 0.24. Median m-shaped epigynal ridge Bosmans, CRB), 16. Morocco: RABAT- moderately long, anterior epigynal ducts SALE: Rabat, Aug. 17, 1952 (J. Philippson, abruptly terminated laterally (figs. 13, 14). C. Pollock, MNHN), 19 (type). Madeira Is- Leg spination: femora: II, IV pO-0-1; meta- lands: DESERTA GRANDE: no specific lo- tarsi: II vlp-0-0; IV v2-lp-lp. cality, July 2-5, 1957 (MNHN), 16. MA- MATERIAL EXAMINED: Italy: APULIA: Is- DEIRA: Pico do Cruz, Apr. 19, 1973 (J. A. ole Tremeti: Insula Diomedea Caprara, May Murphy, JAM), 29. Saint Helena: Basse Fish- 15, 1948 (Ruffo, MCV), 16 (type). BASILI- er's Valley, Jan. 10, 1966 (MRAC), 19 (type). CATA: Potenza: Potenza, June 4, 1962, DISTRIBUTION: Natively Mediterranean; streamside fields, rocks (H. W. Levi, P. Ton- apparently introduced in United States, Bra- giorgi, MCZ), 16. TUSCANY: Isole Toscano: zil, and Peru. Isola di Giannutri, June 3-5, 1966 (E. Ca- SYNONYMY: 0. P.-Cambridge (1872) was panna, PMB), 19. Yugoslavia: CROATIA: unaware that ursina is the female oflyonneti; Insel Unije, offIstrian Peninsula, Aug. 9, 1975 the subsequent redescriptions by Thorell, (Schatz, CKT), 19; Rovinj, Aug. 1, 1965 (K. Keyserling, Bryant, Denis, and Benoit are Thaler, CKT), 19. presumably due to the unexpected occur- DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Italy and rence of the same species on five continents Yugoslavia. as well as several scattered islands. Trachyzelotes stubbsi, new species Trachyzelotes adriaticus (Caporiacco), Figures 15, 16 new combination TYPE: Male holotype from coastal cliffs at Figures 11-14 Cape Kiti, near Lamaca Airport, Cyprus (May 1982; A. Stubbs), deposited in AMNH. Zelotes adriaticus Caporiacco, 1953, p. 87, figs. ETYMOLOGY: The name is a 8a, b (male holotype from Insula Diomedea Ca- specific pa- prara, Tremeti Islands, Apulia, Italy, in MCV, tronym in honor of the collector of the ho- examined). lotype. DIAGNOSIS: Males can be easily recognized DIAGNOSIS: Males can be recognized by the by the distally expanded prolateral extension short, blunt prolateral extension of the ter- on the terminal apophysis (fig. 15). 10 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
I
'
...... 18
FIGS. 15-18. 15, 16. Trachyzelotes stubbsi, new species. 17, 18. T. ravidus (L. Koch). 15. Palp, ventral view. 16. Palp, retrolateral view. 17. Epigynum, ventral view. 18. Epigynum, dorsal view.
MALE: Total length 4.81. Carapace 2.23 Senegal, in MNHN, examined). NEW SYN- long, 1.73 wide. Femur 11 1.46 long. Eye sizes ONYMY. and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.09, Echemus spinibarbis Simon, 1897, p. 96 (female PME 0.11, PLE 0.10; AME-AME 0.05, holotype from Masqat, Oman, in MNHN, ex- amined). Roewer, 1954, p. 419. NEW SYN- AME-ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.05, PME-PLE ONYMY. 0.04, ALE-PLE 0.06. MOQ length 0.27, front Prosthesima peninsulana Banks, 1898, p. 217, pl. width 0.19, back width 0.27. Prolateral ex- 13, fig. 16 (female holotype from Baja Califor- tension of terminal apophysis wider distally nia, Mexico, in CAS, destroyed). NEW SYN- than proximally, tip of retrolateral tibial ONYMY. apophysis slightly incised (figs. 15, 16). Leg Prosthesima iaxartensis: Kulczy'nski, 1901, p. 323 spination: femora II, IV p0-0- 1; tibia III v2- (lapsus). 2-2; metatarsus IV v2-2-2. Melanophora acanthognathus Purcell, 1907, p. FEMALE: Unknown. 333, fig. 66 (female lectotype, designated by OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: None. Tucker, 1923, p. 335, from Bergvliet, Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, in SAM, examined). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Cyprus. NEW SYNONYMY. Zelotespeninsulanus: Petrunkevitch, 1911, p. 150. Trachyzelotes jaxartensis (Kroneberg), Roewer, 1954, p. 469. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4940. new combination Zelotes jaxartensis: Reimoser, 1919, p. 168. Figures 19-22 Roewer, 1954, p. 451. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4928. Melanophorajaxartensis Kroneberg, 1875, p. 23, Camillina spinibarbis: Berland, 1919, p. 463. Bon- pl. 2, figs. la-c (female holotype from Samar- net, 1956, p. 945. kand, Uzbek S.S.R., Soviet Union, depository Nodocion barbaranus Chamberlin, 1922, p. 154 unknown). (female holotype from Santa Barbara, Santa Prosthesima insipiens Simon, 1885, p. 382 (two Barbara County, California, in MCZ, exam- female and three male syntypes from Dakar, ined); 1936a, p. 12, fig. 16. Roewer, 1954, p. 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES I1I
22 ' .. -7 `:". ..
/
I FIGS. 19-22. Trachyzelotes jaxartensis (Kroneberg). 19. Palp, ventral view. 20. Palp, retrolateral view. 21. Epigynum, ventral view. 22. Epigynum, dorsal view.
427. Bonnet, 1958, p. 3105. First synonymized dyanagar, Kaira District, Gujarat, India, should with peninsulanus by Ubick and Roth, 1973, p. be in ZSI, not examined). NEW SYNONYMY. 3. Drassodes indraprastha Tikader and Gajbe, 1975, Nodocion iugans Chamberlin, 1922, p. 154 (male p. 276, figs. 11-14 (female holotype from bank holotype from Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara ofSot Nadi, Amroh, Moradabad District, Uttar County, California, in MCZ, examined). Roew- Pradesh, India, in ZSI, examined). Tikader, er, 1954, p. 427. First synonymized with pen- 1982, p. 419, figs. 283-287. NEW SYNONY- insulanus by Ubick and Roth, 1973, p. 3. MY. Camillina acanthognathus: Tucker, 1923, p. 335. DIAGNOSIS: This species seems closest to Zelotes sorex Denis, 1944, p. 6, fig. 12 (female holotype from Luxor, Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt, T. kulczynskii (both have very long median in BMNH, examined). Roewer, 1954, p. 466. epigynal ridges) but can be distinguished by NEW SYNONYMY. the distinct protuberance on the embolar base Camillina acanthognatha: Roewer, 1954, p. 410. (fig. 19) ofmales and the longer anterior epig- Bonnet, 1956, p. 943. ynal margin (fig. 21) of females. Zelotes insipiens: Roewer, 1954, p. 464. Bonnet, MALE: Total length 5.24 ± 0.71. Carapace 1959, p. 4928. 2.32 ± 0.26 long, 1.88 ± 0.21 wide. Femur Nodocion jugans: Bonnet, 1958, p. 3105 (invalid II 1.60 ± 0.16 long. Eye sizes and interdist- emendation). ances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.1 1, PME 0. 14, PLE Zelotes cavaleriei Schenkel, 1963, p. 50, fig. 25 0.10; AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.02, (female holotype from Anshun, Kweichow, PME-PLE ALE-PLE China, in MNHN, examined). NEW SYNON- PME-PME 0.02, 0.05, YMY. 0.05. MOQ length 0.28, front width 0.25, Drassyllus peninsulanus: Ubick and Roth, 1973, back width 0.30. Embolar base with distinct p. 3. distal protuberance, retrolateral tibial apoph- Scotophaeus chohanius Patel and Patel, 1975, p. ysis relatively short (figs. 19, 20). Leg spi- 35, figs. 2a-e (female holotype from Vallabh Vi- nation: femur III dl-1-1, rO-0-1. 12 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
FEMALE: Total length 6.56 ± 0.78. Cara- Riverside Co.: Palm Canyon, Palm Springs, pace 2.73 ± 0.22 long, 2.14 ± 0.19 wide. Mar. 27, 1960 (W. Ivie, R. Schrammel, Femur II 1.78 ± 0.15 long. Eye sizes and AMNH), 16; Riverside, May 6, 1936 (S. C. interdistances: AME 0.11, ALE 0.13, PME Bishop, AMNH), 32. San Diego Co.: 6 mi. E 0.15, PLE 0.12; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE Chula Vista, Feb. 10, 1979, under rock (W. 0.02, PME-PME 0.03, PME-PLE 0.05, ALE- R. Icenogle, WRI), 12; National City, July PLE 0.07. MOQ length 0.34, front width 0.30, 12, 1931 (R. V. Chamberlin, AMNH), 26, 12; back width 0.33. Anterior epigynal margin Otay Mesa, Johnson Canyon, Apr. 27, 1978 relatively long, extending down sides, ante- (S. C. Johnson, SCJ), 16; San Diego, Mar. 1- rior epigynal ducts relatively long, extending 12, 1922 (G. Merriken, AMNH), 12; San Die- up sides (figs. 21, 22). Leg spination: femur go River, July 12, 1931 (R. V. Chamberlin, III dl -1 - 1, rO-0- 1; metatarsus III p1- 1-2, rI - AMNH), 12. Santa Barbara Co.: Santa Bar- 1-2. bara, Apr. 1913 (R. V. Chamberlin, MCZ), MATERIAL EXAMINED: United States: AR- 18, 12 (types), Sept. 5, 1947 (A. Bacon, IZONA: Cochise Co.: 18 mi. E Douglas, Mar. AMNH), 12, Apr. 8, 1949 (H. L. Schantz, 26, 1963 (S. M. Sutton, BRV), 12; Tomb- AMNH), 22, June 19, 1949 (H. L. Schantz, stone, Apr. 6, 1938 (AMNH), 16. Maricopa AMNH), 16, June-Oct. 1971 (Dodd, SBM), Co.: Litchfield Park, Dec. 26, 1940 (S. and 16, 32. Ventura Co.: Ojai, Jan. 24, 1930 (H. D. Mulaik, AMNH), 16; Scottsdale, Dec. 3, Brandt, AMNH), 16; Pt. Mugu Naval Air Sta- 1902 (H. W. Britcher, AMNH), 12. Pima Co.: tion, May 15-Aug. 24, 1981-1982, pitfalls Tucson, Sept. 1 5-Oct. 12, 1913 (J. T. Carl- (C. D. Nagano, J. N. Hogue, LACM), 46, 22. son, CAS), 12, Aug. 1935 (P. Steckler, NEVADA: Clark Co.: Las Vegas, May-Aug. AMNH), 12, Feb.-Apr. 1940 (A. R. Phillips, 1944 (D. J. Zinn, AMNH), 12. Mexico: BAJA AMNH), 12; 0.5 mi. E Tucson, Feb. 1935 (A. CALIFORNIA NORTE: Meling Ranch, San Griswold, MCZ), 12; 10 mi. E Tucson, Feb. Jose, May 1-4,1961 (W. J. Gertsch, V. Roth, 27, 1935 (A. Griswold, MCZ), 12. Yuma Co.: AMNH), 36, 82; 11 mi. SW Punta Prieta, Yuma (N. Banks, MCZ), 12, Jan. 30, 1958 Apr. 15, 1969, elevation 200 feet (S. C. Wil- (V. Roth, AMNH), 96, 32, Sept. 15, 1958 (V. liams, CAS), 12; Rancho San Luis (23 mi. S Roth, AMNH), 12. CALIFORNIA: Imperial El Marmol), Jan. 12, 1965, palm oasis (V. Co.: Brawley, Apr. 20, 1961 (D. Thompson, Roth, AMNH), 16; mouth ofRio Guadalupe AMNH), 12; Calexico, Jan. 25, 1957, in al- (32 mi. N Ensenada), Oct. 16, 1926 (H. H. falfa field (E. I. Schlinger, AMNH), 12; 7 mi. Cleaves, AMNH), 16; San Telmo de Arriba, W El Centro, Mar. 14, 1941 (W. Ivie, May 3, 1961 (W. J. Gertsch, V. Roth, AMNH), 12; Glamis, Apr. 11, 1965, creosote AMNH), 12; 40 mi. S Tecate, Nov. 10, 1957, bush (L. D. Anderson, UCR), 12; Meloland in oak grove (V. Roth, AMNH), 12. BAJA Field Station, Sept. 1978, cotton (L. A. Hic- CALIFORNIA SUR: Rancho de Parras (12 kle, UCR), 16. Los Angeles Co.: Los Angeles, mi. S Loreto), Jan. 29, 1965 (V. Roth, Nov.-Dec. 1922 (G. Grant, AMNH), 26, 29; AMNH), 16; San Jose del Cabo, Mar. 15-17, Point Firmin, San Pedro, July 22, 1931 (R. 1945 (M. Correa, AMNH), 32. COAHUILA: V. Chamberlin, AMNH), 16; Santa Catalina Saltillo, July 3, 1936 (L. I. Davis, AMNH), Island: no specific locality, May 13, 1936 16. SONORA: "Los Algodones," 6 mi. W (AMNH), 12, Avalon, Sept. 10, 1910 (J. T. Bahia San Carlos, Mar. 22-23, 1980 (J. Doy- Carlson, CAS), 16, El Rancho Escondido, en, UCB), 16, 12; 6 mi. S Presa Obregon, Mar. 1938 (T. D. A. Cockerell, AMNH), 12; 3 mi. 24, 1980 (C. E. Griswold, UCB), 12. TA- W Santa Monica, Mar. 17, 1941 (W. Ivie, MAULIPAS: Jaumave, May 5, 1946 (H. AMNH), 16; Topanga Canyon, near mouth, Wagner, AMNH), 12. Egypt: ASYUT: Asyuit, Mar. 18,1941 (W. Ivie, AMNH), 16. Orange Mar. 19, 1974, pitfall traps in sugar cane (A. Co.: Dana Point, Apr. 8, 1947 (AMNH), 12; A. Negin, BMNH), 22. KAFR ASH Laguna Beach, July 14, 1931 (R. V. Cham- SHAYKH: Luxor, Mar. 1923 (S. Hirst, berlin, AMNH), 16, Dec. 28, 1932 (W. Ivie, BMNH), 12 (type). Yemen: Aden (MNHN), AMNH), 16, May 12,1936 (AMNH), 18. Pla- 12. Oman: Masqat (MNHN), 12 (type). Soviet cer Co.: 4 mi. W Newcastle, Apr. 15, 1958 Union: KALMYK AUTONOMOUS S.S.R.: (L. M. Smith, R. 0. Schuster, AMNH), 12. Caspiiskii, June 11, 1974 (A. Ponomazjov, 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 13
23 ./i,\
26~
FIGS. 23-26. Trachyzelotes kulczynskii (B6senberg). 23. Palp, ventral view. 24. Palp, retrolateral view. 25. Epigynum, ventral view. 26. Epigynum, dorsal view.
ZIL), 1Q. India: UTTAR PRADESH: Mor- DISTRIBUTION: Natively Mediterranean adabad: bank of Sot Nadi, Amroh, Mar. 12, (Egypt to Soviet Union), apparently intro- 1973 (A. Hussain, ZSI), 19 (type). China: FU- duced in United States, Mexico, India, China, KIEN: Gang-keu, July 25, 1936 (L. Gressitt, Senegal, South Africa, and Hawaii. MCZ), 19. KIANGSU: Su-chou (AMNH), 19. SYNONYMY: The numerous redescriptions KWEICHOW: Anshun, 1912 (MNHN), 19 are presumably due only to the unexpectedly (type). PEKING: Tsing Hua College, Peking, wide distribution ofthe species. Nov.-Dec. 1924 (P. W. Claassen, AMNH), 16. Senegal: Dakar (MNHN), 36, 29 (types). South Africa: CAPE OF GOOD HOPE: Trachyzelotes kulczynskii (B6senberg), Beaufort West, Oct. 29, 1905 (W. F. Purcell, new combination SAM), 19; Bergvliet, Dec. 1899 (W. F. Pur- Figures 23-26 cell, SAM), 19, Sept. 1904 (W. F. Purcell, SAM), 19 (type); Cape Peninsula, 1899 (F. Prosthesima kulczynskii B6senberg, 1902, p. 313, Treleaven, SAM), 19; Cape Town, Nov. 1897 figs. 463A, B (female holotype from Pforzheim, (Paynter, SAM), 29, July 1898 (R. M. Light- Baden-Wiirttemberg, West Germany, de- foot, SAM), 19; Cape Town Gardens, Aug. stroyed). 1903 (W. F. Purcell, SAM), 19. Hawaii: Zelotes kulczynskii: Reimoser, 1919, p. 168. OAHU: Honolulu, June 12, 1950, in soil (D. Roewer, 1954, p. 451. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4929. E. Feb. Zelotes samoensis Berland, 1934, p. 325, figs. 7, Hardy, AMNH), 19, 1951, leaf mold 8 (female holotype from Samoa, in BMNH, ex- (D. E. Hardy, AMNH), 16, Nov. 1951 (D. E. amined). Roewer, 1954, p. 467. Bonnet, 1959, Hardy, AMNH), 19; Kawaihapai, Feb. 1959, p. 4949. NEW SYNONYMY. sand dunes near shore (O. and I. Degener, AMNH), 19; Koko Head Crater, Oct. 14, 1952 DIAGNOSIS: This species seems closest to (W. C. Mitchell, AMNH), 19. T. jaxartensis but can be distinguished by the 14 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
30
7
FIGS. 27-30. Trachyzelotes barbatus (L. Koch). 27. Palp, ventral view. 28. Palp, retrolateral view. 29. Epigynum, ventral view. 30. Epigynum, dorsal view. distally smooth embolar base (fig. 23) and the ly extended laterally (figs. 25, 26). Leg spi- shorter anterior epigynal margin (fig. 25). nation: femora: II pO-O- 1; III pO-O- 1, rO-O- 1; MALE: Total length 3.94 ± 0.33. Carapace tibiae: III vlp-lp-2; IV p1-1-1, vlp-2-2; me- 1.58 ± 0.09 long, 1.26 ± 0.07 wide. Femur tatarsi: II vO-0-0; III rl-2-2; IV vlp-2-0. 11 1.08 ± 0.08 long. Eye sizes and interdist- MATERIAL EXAMINED: United States: ances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.10, PME 0. 12, PLE FLORIDA: Monroe Co.: Fleming Key, Mar. 0.11; AME-AME 0.05, AME-ALE 0.01, 30, 1980, Australian pine litter (G. B. Ed- PME-PME 0.03, PME-PLE 0.03, ALE-PLE wards, FSCA), 16. Jamaica: ST. CATHER- 0.04. MOQ length 0.31, front width 0.21, INE: 1.5 mi. W Spanishtown, Oct. 10, 1957 back width 0.27. Embolar base smoothly (A. M. Chickering, MCZ), 19. British West rounded distally, retrolateral tibial apophysis Indies: ST. KITTS: no specific locality, Sept. relatively short (figs. 23, 24). Leg spination: 14-22, 1966 (A. M. Chickering, MCZ, femur III rO-O- 1; tibiae: III p1-0-1, v1p-0-2, AMNH), 176, 259. Samoa: no specific locality rO-l-0; IV pl-0-1, vlp-lp-2, rl-1-1; meta- (BMNH), 19 (type). tarsi: II vO-0-0; III pO-1-0, vl p-0-0, rO-0-0; DISTRIBUTION: According to Braun (1982), IV pO-1-1, vlp-lp-0, rl-2-0. this species is one of several described by FEMALE: Total length 5.70 ± 0.76. Cara- B6senberg (1902) from Germany which have pace 2.08 ± 0.12 long, 1.64 ± 0.11 wide. never again been taken in that country and Femur 11 1.33 ± 0.12 long. Eye sizes and which have subsequently been recorded only interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.11, PME from Balkan localities (in this case, Yugos- 0. 14, PLE 0. 12; AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE lavia, Bulgaria, and Romania). Although we 0.01, PME-PME 0.02, PME-PLE 0.04, ALE- have seen no Balkan specimens ofthe species, PLE 0.03. MOQ length 0.28, front width 0.27, B6senberg's illustration of the epigynum back width 0.30. Anterior epigynal margin leaves little doubt that he had this species, relatively short, anterior epigynal ducts great- and not T. barbatus (as was suggested by 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 15
Braun) or any other member of the lyonneti traps (J. B. Fraser, AMNH, UCB), 16, 39. group. We therefore assume that the species Marin Co.: Novato, Apr. 25, 1982 (matured is natively Balkan and introduced in Florida, late May), grassland, under serpentine floats Jamaica, St. Kitts, and Samoa. (D. Ubick, CDU), 36. Spain: BALEARES: SYNONYMY: Berland provided no charac- Ibiza: C'an Prats, Apr. 13-14, 1980 (J. A. ters by which to distinguish samoensis from Murphy, JAM), 16; Puig de Perella, Apr. 7, kulczynskii, and there appear to be none. 1980 (J. A. Murphy, JAM), 16. Majorca: Pal- ma (MNHN), 16. France: "Gallia meridion- Trachyzelotes barbatus (L. Koch), al" (MNHN), 16. CORSE: Corsica: no spe- new combination cific locality (E. Simon, BMNH), 19. Italy: Figures 27-30 LATIUM: Mt. Circao, near Terralina, May Melanophora barbata L. Koch, 1866, p. 161, figs. 16-17, 1962, shrubs (H. and L. Levi, MCZ), 101-103 (male lectotype, here designated, from 16. SICILY: Trapani: Isola Favignana, Isole "Dalmatien," Yugoslavia, in BMNH, exam- Egadi, June 1966 (E. Riggio, PMB), 16. Yu- ined). goslavia: "Dalmatien" (BMNH), 56, 19 (in- Prosthesima barbata: Simon, 1878, p. 45. cluding lectotype). Zelotes barbatus: Simon, 1914, p. 153. Roewer, DISTRIBUTION: Spain to Yugoslavia; intro- 1954, p. 445. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4914. duced in California. Although the species has DIAGNOSIS: Males can easily be recognized been recorded from north Africa by Koch by the broad embolus (fig. 27), females by the (1866) and some more recent authors, no medially expanded anterior epigynal ducts specimens have been found in the north Af- (fig. 30). rican collections available to us, and we sus- MALE: Total length 5.70 ± 0.63. Carapace pect that, like Koch's record (based on a male 2.63 ± 0.30 long, 2.03 ± 0.23 wide. Femur of T. mutabilis), they all represent misiden- II 1.65 ± 0.21 long. Eye sizes and interdis- tifications of other species in the barbatus tances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.11, PME 0.15, PLE group. 0.11; AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.02, Trachyzelotesfuscipes (L. Koch), PME-PME 0.03, PME-PLE 0.05, ALE-PLE new combination 0.07. MOQ length 0.34, front width 0.29, back width 0.33. Embolus relatively broad, Figures 31-34 long, median apophysis prolonged proxi- Melanophorafuscipes L. Koch, 1866, p. 189, figs. I 127-129 (male lectotype, here designated, from mally (figs. 27, 28). Leg spination: femora: Sicily, Italy, in BMNH, examined). dl-0-0, p0-0-0; II dl-0-0; III p0-0-0, rO-0-0; Prosthesima fuscipes: Simon, 1878, p. 51. IV rO-0-0; tibiae: III v2-2-2; IV p1-1-1; me- Prosthesima rubicundula Simon, 1878, p. 89 (male tatarsi: II vlp-0-0; III pl-1-2, v2-lp-0, rl- and female syntypes from several localities in 1-2. France, should be in MNHN, lost). NEW SYN- FEMALE: Total length 7.17-9.37. Carapace ONYMY. 3.00-3.67 long, 2.23-2.93 wide. Femur II Melanophora rubicundula: Galiano, 1910, p. 381. 1.91-2.12 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: Zelotesfuscipes: Simon, 1914, p. 216 (not fig. 365). AME 0.10, ALE 0.14, PME 0.16, PLE 0.11; Roewer, 1954, p. 450. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4924. AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.02, PME- Zelotes rubicundulus: Simon, 1914, p. 216, figs. PME 0.02, PME-PLE 0.06, ALE-PLE 0.05. 311, 340. Roewer, 1954, p. 457. Bonnet, 1959, MOQ length 0.34, front width 0.28, back p. 4947. width 0.34. Epigynum relatively small, an- DIAGNOSIS: Males can easily be recognized terior epigynal ducts expanded, almost glo- by the subdistally twisted embolus (fig. 31), bose, medially (figs. 29, 30). Leg spination: females by the posterolaterally extended an- femora as in male; tibia IV p1-0- 1; metatar- terior epigynal ducts (fig. 34). sus III p1-1-2. MALE: Total length 4.23 ± 0.49. Carapace MATERIAL EXAMINED: United States: 1.90 ± 0.21 long, 1.53 ± 0.18 wide. Femur CALIFORNIA: Contra Costa Co.: Briones 11 1.17 ± 0.16 long. Eye sizes and interdist- Reservoir, June 22-Aug. 2, 1980, pitfall traps ances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.09, PME 0.08, PLE (J. B. Fraser, AMNH, UCB), 56, 29; Tilden 0.07; AME-AME 0.04, AME-ALE 0.01, Nature Area, July 4-Aug. 15, 1980, pitfall PME-PME 0.05, PME-PLE 0.04, ALE-PLE 16 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
/131 I.>
« L X34~~~~~~~~3
C~~~~~~~~~~.
FIGS. 31-34. Trachyzelotesfuscipes (L. Koch). 31. Palp, ventral view. 32. Palp, retrolateral view. 33. Epigynum, ventral view. 34. Epigynum, dorsal view.
0.03. MOQ length 0.18, front width 0.14, (BMNH), 22; Coto Doniana, June 11-16, 1967 back width 0.21. Embolus twisted subdistal- (B. Malkin, AMNH), 16. BALEARES: Ibiza: ly, sharply narrowed dorsally (figs. 31, 32). C'an Prats, Apr. 13, 1980, pine woods, litter Leg spination: femur II rO-0-0; tibia III v2- (J. A. Murphy, JAM),1 ; Cala Aubarca, Sept. 2-2; metatarsi: II v2-lp-0; III pl-2-2, rl-l- 26-27, 1976 (J. A. Murphy, JAM), 16; Puig 2; IV rl-2-2. de Perella, Apr. 7, 1980 (J. A. Murphy, JAM), FEMALE: Total length 5.01 ± 0.96. Cara- 18. BARCELONA: Pineda, May 9, 1981 (J. pace 2.01 ± 0.23 long, 1.60 ± 0.20 wide. Dalingwater, JAM), 12. CADIZ: Barbate de Femur II 1.23 + 0.16 long. Eye sizes and Franco, Apr. 8, 1974 (J. A. Murphy, JAM), interdistances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.09, PME 16. France: "Gallia meridional" (E. Simon, 0.07, PLE 0.07; AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE MNHN), 146, 162, (E. Simon, BMNH), 26, 0.01, PME-PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.05, ALE- (E. Simon, CUC), 26, 12. BOUCHES-DU- PLE 0.03. MOQ length 0.20, front width 0.16, RHONE: no specific locality (MNHN), 46, back width 0.20. Epigynum relatively large, 12. DORDOGNE: Les Eyzies, July 22, 1981 anterior ducts squared anterolaterally (figs. (CEM), 12Q. PYRENEES-ORIENTALES: 33, 34). Leg spination: femora: I p0-0-0; II Banyuls-sur-mer (MNHN), 46, 32, Mar. 28, dl-0-0; III rO-0-1; IV p0-0-1; tibia III v2-2- 1967, roadside streambed (H., L., and F. Levi, 2; metatarsi: II v2-0-0; III p i-2-2, rl-1-2; IV MCZ), 12. VENDEE: Les Monettes, Apr. 26, rl-2-2. 1960 (J. Denis, MNHN), 16. Italy: BASILI- MATERIAL EXAMINED: Portugal: FARO: CATA: Potenza: Potenza, June 4, 1962, el- Fonie, near Monte Gordo, Apr. 8, 1982, filled evation 800 m., streamside field, rocks (H. in rubbish dump (J. A. Murphy, JAM), 16; W. Levi, P. Tongiorgi, MCZ), 16. SICILY: Tavira, Apr. 15-16, 1982 (J. A. Murphy, no specific locality (BMNH), 16, 1Y(including JAM), 26, 29. Spain: no specific locality lectotype). Greece: AEGEAN ISLANDS: Do- 1 984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 17
FIGS. 35-38. Trachyzelotes holosericeus (Simon). 35. Palp, ventral view. 36. Palp, retrolateral view. 37. Epigynum, ventral view. 38. Epigynum, dorsal view. decanese: Kos: Kefalos, Dec. 12, 1978 (B. tinguished by the more posteriorly situated Malkin, AMNH), 19. Yugoslavia: CROA- junction between the spermathecal ducts and TIA: Split (MNHN), 1Q. Tunisia: Tunis the anterior epigynal ducts (figs. 17, 18). (MNHN), 29. Algeria: CONSTANTINE: MALE: Unknown. Ouled Rahmoun (MNHN), 16. FEMALE: Total length 4.00. Carapace 1.72 DISTRIBUTION: Mediterranean. long, 1.33 wide. Femur 110.95 long. Eye sizes SYNONYMY: Simon's redescription was ap- and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.07, parently due to his consistent misidentifica- PME 0.07, PLE 0.08; AME-AME 0.04, tion offuscipes as a species of his group B; AME-ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.05, PME-PLE similar misidentifications have been made by 0.04, ALE-PLE 0.03. MOQ length 0.23, front modem authors such as Machado (1941) and width 0.18, back width 0.19. Median epigy- Jezequel (1961). nal ridge long, extending halfofspermathecal length, spermathecal ducts relatively short Trachyzelotes ravidus (L. Koch), (figs. 17, 18). Leg spination: femora: I p0-0- new combination 0; II dl-0-0; III pO-0-1, rO-0-1; IV rO-0-0; Figures 17, 18 tibiae: III p0-1-1, vO-lp-2, rO-1-1; IV p1-1- Prosthesima ravida L. Koch, 1875, p. 48, pl. 5, 1, vlp-2-2, ri-I-i; metatarsi: III p0-1-1, rO- figs. 4, 4a (female holotype from "der abyssin- 1-1; IV pl-1-i, rl-i-i. ischen Provinz Hamaszen" [=Eritrea, Ethio- MATERIAL EXAMINED: Only the holotype. pia], in BMNH, examined). DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Ethiopia. Zelotes ravidus: Roewer, 1954, p. 465. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4946. Trachyzelotes holosericeus (Simon), DIAGNOSIS: Females resemble those of T. new combination costatus in having the median ridge of the Figures 35-38 epigynum extending beyond the anterior Prosthesima holosericea Simon, 1878, p. 47, pl. margin of the spermathecae, but can be dis- 14, figs. 10, 11 (male and female syntypes from 18 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
Pyrenees-Orientales, France, should be in fra (Vibert, MNHN), 19. Morocco: no specific MNHN, lost). locality (MNHN), 26, 39; Essaouira (MNHN), Melanophora holosericea: Galiano, 1910, p. 366. 19; Ourika (MNHN), 39. Madeira Islands: Zelotes holosericeus: Simon, 1914, p. 213, figs. 280, 281. Roewer, 1954, p. 451. Bonnet, 1959, ILHAS DESERTAS: Ilheu Chao, May i1, p. 4927. 1957 (H. Coiffait, MNHN), 19. Zelotes lyonneti (misidentification): Denis, 1962, DISTRIBUTION: Western Mediterranean. p. 38, fig. 28 (female only). Trachyzelotes mutabilis (Simon), DIAGNOSIS: Males can easily be recognized new combination by the retrolaterally folded embolar base (fig. Figures 39-42 35), females by the widely separated sper- mathecae (figs. 37, 38). Melanophora barbata (misidentification): L. Koch, 1866, p. 161 (record from "Oase Bisera" [=Bis- MALE: Total length 6.53 ± 0.65. Carapace kra, Aures, Algeria] only). 2.86 ± 0.35 long, 2.28 ± 0.25 wide. Femur Prosthesima mutabilis Simon, 1878, p. 46, pl. 14, II 1.78 ± 0.20 long. Eye sizes and interdist- figs. 7, 8 (male and female syntypes from Porto- ances: AME 0.05, ALE 0.11, PME 0.15, PLE Vecchio, Corsica, Corse, France, should be in 0.12; AME-AME 0.12, AME-ALE 0.04, MNHN, lost). PME-PME 0.02, PME-PLE 0.07, ALE-PLE Zelotes mutabilis: Simon, 1914, p. 213, fig. 284. 0.08. MOQ length 0.29, front width 0.22, Roewer, 1954, p. 454. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4936. back width 0.31. Embolar base folded over Zelotes microbarbatus Marinaro, 1967, p. 693, figs. embolus at anterior retrolateral corner ofpalp I0a, b, 11 (male syntypes from two localities in (figs. 35, 36). Leg spination: femora: I dl-0- Algeria, depository unknown). NEW SYNON- 0, p0-0-0; II dl-0-0; III pO-0-1, rO-0-0; IV YMY. rO-0-0; tibia IV p1-0-1, vlp-2-2. NOTE: As with the two other barbatus group FEMALE: Total length 8.72 ± 1.79. Cara- species described by Simon (T. rubicundulus pace 3.36 ± 0.37 long, 2.61 ± 0.29 wide. and T. holosericeus), no material identifiable Femur 11 1.98 ± 0.20 long. Eye sizes and as part of the type series of this species cur- interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.13, PME rently exists in the Simon collection (MNHN). 0.14, PLE 0.13; AME-AME 0.10, AME-ALE Unlike those two species, however, no ma- 0.03, PME-PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.09, ALE- terial identified by Simon exists in other col- PLE 0.08. MOQ length 0.31, front width 0.24, lections either, and there is therefore some back width 0.34. Median epigynal ridge near uncertainty about the identity of the species. anterior epigynal margin, spermathecae We ascribe the males and females detailed widely separated, anterior ducts usually ex- below to T. mutabilis for the following rea- panded basally but narrower in some north sons: 1) the two sexes have been taken to- African specimens (figs. 37, 38). Leg spina- gether at Oran, Algeria; 2) specimens are tion: femora: I p0-0-0; III pO-0-1, rO-0-0; IV known from southern France as well as Tu- rO-0-0; tibia IV pl-1-1, rl-1-1; metatarsus nisia and an island off Sicily, and are there- III pl-1-2. fore likely to occur at the type locality, on MATERIAL EXAMINED: Portugal: AL- Corsica, as well; 3) like T. rubicundulus and GARVE: Mata Nacionale, Apr. 13, 1982 (J. T. holosericeus, but unlike other barbatus A. Murphy, JAM), 16; Monte Gordo, Apr. 5, group species, specimens are well represented 1971 (J. A. Murphy, JAM), 18. Spain: CIU- in the Simon collection; 4) these males are DAD REAL: Pornuelo de Calatrava the only ones with an embolus that is suffi- (MNHN), 16. CORDOBA: Cordoba ciently arched distally to correspond to Si- (MNHN), 19. MADRID: Torrejon de Ardoz, mon's (1878) lateral view ofthe palp; 5) these 1961 (K. W. Haller, AMNH), 16, 19. MAL- females are the only ones from western Med- AGA: Malaga (BMNH), 16, 29; Ronda iterranean localities in which the spermathe- (MNHN), 26, 49. France: "Gallia meridion- cae are large enough, and the median area of al" (E. Simon, CUC), 16, 19, (MNHN), 56, the epigynum small enough, to correspond to 49. Algeria: no specific locality (MNHN), 16, Simon's admittedly sketchy (1878 and 1914) 39. MEDEA: Bou Saada (MNHN), 36, 19. figures ofthe epigynum; and 6) these females ORAN: Oran (MNHN), 19. SAIDA: 'An Se- match the epigynal figure by Jezequel (1961), 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 19
42
FIGS. 39-42. Trachyzelotes mutabilis (Simon). 39. Palp, ventral view. 40. Palp, retrolateral view. 41. Epigynum, ventral view. 42. Epigynum, dorsal view. based on an MNHN specimen now repre- pace 2.65 ± 0.30 long, 2.67 ± 0.23 wide. sented only by Jezequel's epigynal slide Femur 11 1.67 ± 0.23 long. Eye sizes and mount, the label of which bears no locality interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.11, PME data. This decision requires us to assume that 0. 13, PLE 0.1 1; AME-AME 0. 13, AME-ALE the only MNHN specimen bearing the name 0.04, PME-PME 0.11, PME-PLE 0.08, T. mutabilis (on a typewritten, not Simon, AME-PLE 0.08. MOQ length 0.34, front label) is misidentified; it is a male, from an width 0.27, back width 0.37. Median epigy- unknown locality, that belongs to an other- nal area very small, spermathecae relatively wise unknown species. large, spermathecal ducts relatively short (figs. DIAGNOSIS: Males can be distinguished by 41, 42). Leg spination: femora: I pO-0-0; III the distally arched embolus (figs. 39, 40), fe- pO-1-0, rO-0-0; IV rO-0-0; tibiae: III v2-2-2; males by the very small median area of the IV pl-1-1, rl-1-1; metatarsi: II vO-0-0; III epigynum (fig. 41). pl-2-2, rl-1-2. MALE: Total length 4.92 ± 0.60. Carapace MATERIAL EXAMINED: Spain: ALBACETE: 2.27 ± 0.27 long, 1.75 ± 0.20 wide. Femur Pozuelo (MNHN), 1 . ALICANTE: Beni- II 1.39 ± 0.17 long. Eye sizes and interdist- dorm, 1961 (K. W. Haller, AMNH), 19. ances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.10, PME 0.14, PLE ZARAGOZA: Calatayud, June 1907 0.12; AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.02, (MNHN), 19. France: "Gallia meridional" PME-PME 0.03, PME-PLE 0.04, ALE-PLE (MNHN), 16. VAR: Callian (MNHN), 19. It- 0.05. MOQ length 0.30, front width 0.23, aly: SICILY: Agrigento: Linosa, Isole Pelagie, back width 0.31. Embolus highly arched dis- Mar. 12, 1980 (AMNH), 16. Yugoslavia: tally (figs. 39, 40). Leg spination: femora: I "Dalmatien" (BMNH), 19 (paralectotype of pO-0-0; III dO-1-0, pO-0-0, rO-0-0; IV rO-O- Melanophora barbata). Tunisia: Kairouan 0; tibiae: III v2-2-2; IV pl-0-i, rl-i-i; me- (MNHN), 29. Algeria: no specific locality tatarsi: II vO-0-0; III pO-2-1, rO-1-0. (MNHN), 16. ALGER: El Harrach, June 22, FEMALE: Total length 6.60 ± 0.98. Cara- 1983 (R. Bosmans, CRB), 16; Sainem, May 20 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
46r
FIGS. 43-46. Trachyzelotes costatus (Denis). 43. Palp, ventral view. 44. Palp, retrolateral view. 45. Epigynum, ventral view. 46. Epigynum, dorsal view.
23, 1983 (R. Bosmans, CRB), 18. AURES: bution and because of genitalic similarities Biskra (BMNH), 18 (paralectotype ofMelan- with the respective sexes of T. huberti, new ophora barbata). CONSTANTINE: Ouled species. Rahmoun (MNHN), 16. ORAN: Oran DIAGNOSIS: Males can be distinguished by (MNHN), 3d, 3Y. TLEMCEN: Maghnia the enlarged retrolateral loop of the embolar (MNHN), 16. base (figs. 43, 44), females by the very long DISTRIBUTION: Mediterranean. median epigynal ridge and spermathecal ducts SYNONYMY: The validity of the synonymy (figs. 45, 46). depends on the soundness of our identifica- MALE: Total length 4.89-7.65. Carapace tion of T. mutabilis, discussed above. 2.18-3.40 long, 1.69-2.76 wide. Femur II 1.40-2.23 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: Trachyzelotes costatus (Denis), AME 0.05, ALE 0.10, PME 0.07, PLE 0.09; new combination AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.02, PME- Figures 43-46 PME 0.06, PME-PLE 0.07, ALE-PLE 0.06. MOQ length 0.21, front width 0.18, back Zelotes costatus Denis, 1952, p. 118, fig. 4 (female width 0.20. Retrolateral loop ofembolar base holotype from Oued Cherrat, Morocco, in about half ofbulb MNHN, examined). Roewer, 1954, p. 447. occupying length (figs. 43, Zelotes spadix (misidentification): Denis, 1952, p. 44). Leg spination: femora: III pO-0-1, rO-0- 1 16, figs. 5, 6 (male only). 1; IV rO-0-0; tibia IV p1-1 - 1. FEMALE: Total length 5.87-10.01. Cara- NOTE: Males and females have not been pace 2.61-3.59 long, 2.03-2.66 wide. Femur collected together but are matched here be- II 1.67-2.16 long. Eye sizes and interdist- cause of similarities in their size and distri- ances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.14, PME 0.12, PLE 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 21
FIGS. 47-50. Trachyzelotes huberti, new species. 47. Palp, ventral view. 48. Palp, retrolateral view. 49. Epigynum, ventral view. 50. Epigynum, dorsal view.
0.1 1; AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.04, Trachyzelotes huberti, new species PME-PME 0.05, PME-PLE 0.09, ALE-PLE Figures 47-50 0.12. MOQ length 0.34, front width 0.25, back width 0.29. Median epigynal ridge long, TYPES: Male holotype and female paratype extending past anterior margin of sperma- from Oran, Oran, Algeria (no date or collec- thecae, spermathecal ducts very long (figs. 45, tor), deposited in MNHN. 46). Leg spination: femora: III dl-1-1, rO-0- ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a pa- 1; IV rO-0-0; tibiae: III v2-2-2; IV p1 -l-1; tronym in honor of Dr. M. Hubert, whose metatarsi: II vO-0-0; III pl-1-2. help in dealing with specimens from the Si- MATERIAL EXAMINED: Portugal: FARO: mon collection (MNHN) and their localities Fonie, near Monte Gordo, Apr. 8, 1982, filled enabled us to complete this study. rubbish dump (J. A. Murphy, JAM), 1&. DIAGNOSIS: This species is similar to T. Spain: CADIZ: Laguna de Medina, Apr. 10, costatus, but males can be distinguished by 1974 (J. A. Murphy, 16; Zahara de los the smaller retrolateral loop of the embolar JAM), base (figs. 47, 48), females by the shorter me- Atunes, Apr. 11, 1974 (J. A. Murphy, JAM), dian epigynal ridge, larger spermathecae, and 16. MALAGA: Ronda (MNHN), 19. Algeria: laterally widened anterolateral epigynal ducts no specific locality (MNHN), 19. ALGER: (figs. 49, 50). Bou Zegza, Apr. 16, 1983 (R. Bosmans, CRB), MALE: Total length 5.11-5.53. Carapace 16. CONSTANTINE: Ouled Rahmoun 2.25-2.43 long, 1.92-2.08 wide. Femur II (MNHN), 19. Morocco: Oued Cherrat (be- 1.58-1.87 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: tween Casablanca and Rabat), Apr. 22-25, AME 0.08, ALE 0.13, PME 0.14, PLE 0.13; 1951 (Gattefosse, MNHN), 19 (type); Ourika AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.03, PME- (MNHN), 19. PME 0.03, PME-PLE 0.06, ALE-PLE 0.07. DISTRIBUTION: Western Mediterranean. MOQ length 0.30, front width 0.23, back 22 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
r.,
..- As
FIGS. 51-54. Trachyzelotes malkini, new species. 51. Palp, ventral view. 52. Palp, retrolateral view. 53. Epigynum, ventral view. 54. Epigynum, dorsal view. width 0.31. Retrolateral loop ofembolar base Trachyzelotes malkini, new species occupying less than half of bulb length (figs. Figures 51-54 47, 48). Leg spination: femora: II pO-0-1; III rO-O- 1; IV pO-O- 1; tibia III rO- 1 -0; metatarsi: TYPES: Male holotype taken in a garage near II vO-0-0; III pO-2-2; IV rl-2-2. a garden at an elevation of 3000 feet at An- FEMALE: Total length 6.55-9.69. Carapace kara, Ankara, Turkey (November 13, 1960; 2.61-2.97 long, 2.13-2.50 wide. Femur II R. Walsh), and female paratype from the 1.84-2.00 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: Gordium ruins, 50 miles SW ofAnkara, An- AME 0.08, ALE 0.11, PME 0.15, PLE 0.13; kara, Turkey (June 2, 1979; B. Malkin), de- AME-AME 0.12, AME-ALE 0.04, PME- posited in AMNH. PME 0.04, PME-PLE 0.08, ALE-PLE 0.07. ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a pa- MOQ length 0.31, front width 0.28, back tronym in honor of Mr. Borys Malkin, col- width 0.34. Median epigynal ridge short, lector of the paratype and many other inter- spermathecae large, spermathecal ducts rel- esting spiders. atively long, anterolateral epigynal ducts wid- DIAGNOSIS: This distinctive species is eas- ened laterally, with transversely oriented ter- ily recognized by the obliquely oriented em- minal bulb (figs. 49, 50). Leg spination: bolus of males (fig. 51) and the distally sit- femora: II pO-O-i; IV pO-O-1; tibia III v2-2- uated median epigynal ridge of females (fig. 2; metatarsus III rl-1-2. 53). OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: Three males MALE: Total length 3.38-3.58. Carapace and five females taken with the types 1.47-1.98 long, 1.17-1.49 wide. Femur II (MNHN), one male from an unknown lo- 0.97-1.33 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: cality in Algeria (MNHN), and one male from AME 0.05, ALE 0.09, PME 0.10, PLE 0.09; an unknown locality (MNHN). AME-AME 0.07, AME-ALE 0.02, PME- DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Algeria. PME 0.02, PME-PLE 0.03, ALE-PLE 0.06. 1 984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 23
MOQ length 0.25, front width 0.18, back both rows procurved; AME circular, dark, width 0.22. Embolus curved, obliquely ori- PME irregularly rectangular, light, ALE and ented (figs. 51, 52). Leg spination: femur III PLE oval, light; PME usually largest, AME pO-O-i, rO-O-1; tibiae: III ri-i-i; IV r2-2-1; smallest, ALE and PLE subequal; AME sep- metatarsi: II vO-0-0; III pO-2-2, rl-1-2. arated by roughly their diameter, much closer FEMALE: Total length 5.88-7.97. Carapace to ALE, PME subcontiguous, much farther 2.63-2.99 long, 2.04-2.41 wide. Femur II from PLE, lateral eyes ofeach side separated 1.58-1.98 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: by roughly their radius; MOQ wider than long, AME 0.07, ALE 0.1 1, PME 0. 13, PLE 0. 12; widest in back. Clypeal height at AME greater AME-AME 0.08, AME-ALE 0.03, PME- than their diameter. Chelicerae typically with PME 0.03, PME-PLE 0.08, ALE-PLE 0.08. one retromarginal and three promarginal MOQ length 0.30, front width 0.22, back teeth, with only scattered setae anteriorly; boss width 0.30. Anterior and median epigynal present anterolaterally. Endites long, rect- ridges approximate, anterolateral epigynal angular, obliquely depressed, anteriorly nar- ducts recurved distally (figs. 53, 54). Leg spi- rowed; labium narrowed at base; sternum re- nation: femora: II pO-O-i; III rO-O- 1; tibia III bordered, with small sclerotized extensions v2-2-2, rl-1-1; metatarsus III p1-1-2, ri-l- to and between coxae, with scattered long 2. setae. Leg formula 4123. Typical leg spina- OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: Greece: tion pattern (only surfaces bearing spines list- CRETE: Agios Nikolaos, Apr. 6, 1979 (J. A. ed): femora: I, II dl-1-0, pO-O-1; III, IV dl- Murphy, JAM), 16; Kalathas, Akrotiri, Apr. 1-0, pO- 1-1, rO- 1-1; patella III rO- 1-0; tibiae: 1981 (J. A. Murphy, JAM), 18; Mallia, Apr. III pl-1-1, v2-2-2, rl-i-i; IV pl-1-i, v2-2- 13, 1972 (J. A. Murphy, JAM), 1i. Soviet 2, r2-1-1; metatarsi: II v2-lp-0; III p1-2-2, Union: RUSSIAN S.F.S.R.: Gelendzhik, v2-2-0, rl-2-2; IV pl-2-2, v2-2-0, rl-2-1. Caucasus, June 18-July 15, 1926 (S. Spassky, Legs uniformly light orange; all tarsi and an- ZIL), 12. terior metatarsi lightly scopulate; tarsi with DISTRIBUTION: Known only from Crete, two dentate claws; clawtufts virtually obso- Turkey, and the Soviet Union. lete; trochanters unnotched; metatarsi III and IV with distal preening combs; trichobothria UROZELOTES MELLO-LEITAO in two rows on tarsi, one on metatarsi. Ab- domen tan with orange Urozelotes Mello-Leitiio, 1938, p. 111 [type species pale (males only slight by original designation Urozelotes cardiogynus anterior scutum), dorsum with two pairs of Mello-LeitAo, = U. rusticus (L. Koch)]. darker muscle impressions, surface coated with long bristles and short setae; six spin- DIAGNOSIS: Specimens of Urozelotes can be nerets, anteriors typically gnaphosoid, with distinguished from those ofall other zelotine one short ventral and eight long dorsal spig- genera by genitalic characters: males have a ots. Palp with basally thickened retrolateral pointed terminal apophysis closely appressed tibial apophysis, pointed terminal apophysis to the embolus (figs. 55, 59), and females have overlapping embolus, and elongate, distally an epigynum bearing an elongate, triangular situated median apophysis. Epigynum -with median plate (figs. 57, 61) and anterior epig- anteriorly narrowed median plate; anterior ynal ducts bearing bulbous anterolateral ex- epigynal ducts with bulbous anterolateral ex- tensions (figs. 58, 62). tensions. DESCRIPTION: Total length 4.0-7.6. Cara- TAXONOMIC HISTORY: The pace oval in dorsal view, widest between cox- type species, ae II and III, truncated anteriorly and pos- heretofore usually referred to as Zelotes rus- teriorly, abruptly narrowed opposite palpi, ticus (L. Koch), has been enigmatic for many light orange, darkest anteriorly, with numer- years. Platnick and Shadab (1983, p. 100) ous long, thin, black setae along midline and indicated that "Because of its synanthropic edge of posterior declivity; lateral margins habits, Z. rusticus occurs in scattered local- not reflexed; cephalic area flattened; thoracic ities all over the world (and has therefore groove long, longitudinal. From above, an- accumulated what is probably the longest list terior eye row very slightly recurved, poste- of synonyms of any gnaphosid species), but rior row very slightly procurved; from front, no close relatives of the species have been 24 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
FIGS. 55-58. Urozelotes rusticus (L. Koch). 55. Palp, ventral view. 56. Palp, retrolateral view. 57. Epigynum, ventral view. 58. Epigynum, dorsal view. identified in the literature on any fauna." help counteract the unfortunate tendency of Several workers have expressed dissatisfac- many European arachnologists to lump all tion with the placement ofthe species in Ze- European zelotines into the single genus Ze- lotes, and Platnick and Shadab (1983) ex- lotes despite their diverse affinities with var- cluded it from that genus because (like the ious other genera occurring outside of Eu- species here assigned to Trachyzelotes) it lacks rope. the intercalary sclerite of the male palp that seems synapomorphic for true Zelotes. Luck- Urozelotes rusticus (L. Koch), ily, the generic name Urozelotes, based on new combination one of the numerous synonyms, is available Figures 5 5-58 for the species. We have found a second Prosthesima rustica L. Koch, 1872, p. 309 (female species that is clearly congeneric with U. rus- holotype from "Trient," Trento, Trentino-Alto ticus. Unluckily, it does not answer the ques- Adige, Italy, in BMNH, examined). tion of what part of the world the genus is Drassus razoumowskyi Pavesi, 1873, p. 123, fig. native to, for the only known specimens of 3 (male holotype from Lugano, Ticino, Swit- the second species are from the Simon col- zerland, depository unknown, not in Museo lection (MNHN) and, like most of the un- Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova [Dr. G. Ar- bocco, in litt.]). First synonymized with (and worked material accumulated by Simon, bear erroneously given priority over) rusticus by Si- no locality data at all. Although we would not mon, 1914, p. 218. normally describe new taxa from unknown Melanophora rustica: Canestrini, 1875, p. 28. localities, in this case it seems necessary, to Drassus cerdo Thorell, 1875a, p. 97 (male holotype establish both the relationships of U. rusticus from Liguria, Italy, depository unknown, not in and the validity of the genus and thereby to Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Genova [Dr. 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 25
G. Arbocco, in litt.]). First synonymized with Zelotes pallidus: Petrunkevitch, 1911, p. 150. rusticus by Simon, 1914, p. 218. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4938. Prosthesima pallida Keyserling, 1877, p. 602, pl. Zelotes porteri: Petrunkevitch, 1911, p. 151. 14, fig. 22 (female holotype from Montevideo, Roewer, 1954, p. 469. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4942. Montevideo, Uruguay, in ZMH, examined). Zelotes razoumowskyi: Simon, 1914, p. 218. Preoccupied by Prosthesima pallida 0. P.-Cam- Zelotes rustica: Reimoser, 1920, p. 231. bridge (1874). Drassyllus blandus: Chamberlin, 1922, p. 168. Prosthesima larifuga Simon, 1878, p. 90, pl. 14, Roewer, 1954, p. 414. Bonnet, 1956, p. 1602. fig. 22 (male holotype from Campo di l'Oro, Drassyllus femoralis: Chamberlin, 1922, p. 170. Corsica, Corse, France, in MNHN, examined). Roewer, 1954, p. 415. Bonnet, 1956, p. 1603. First synonymized with rusticus by Simon, 1914, Drassyllus liopus Chamberlin, 1922, p. 170 (male p. 218. holotype from Austin, Travis County, Texas, in Drassus agelastus Keyserling, 1891, p. 35, fig. 14 MCZ, examined). Roewer, 1954, p. 416. Bon- (two female syntypes from Taquara, Rio Grande net, 1956, p. 1604. First synonymized with rus- do Sul, Brazil, in BMNH, examined). NEW ticus by Ubick and Roth, 1973, p. 8. SYNONYMY. Camillina amnicola Tucker, 1923, p. 336, figs. Prosthesima blanda Banks, 1892, p. 18, figs. 57, 56A, B (female holotype from junction ofCroc- 57a (male holotype from Ithaca, Tompkins odile and Marico Rivers, Transvaal, South Af- County, New York, in MCZ, examined). First rica, in SAM, examined). Roewer, 1954, p. 410. synonymized with rusticus by Ubick and Roth, Bonnet, 1956, p. 943. NEW SYNONYMY. 1973, p. 8. Zelotes rusticus: Charitonow, 1932, p. 140. Roew- Prosthesima minima Banks, 1892, p. 19, fig. 69 er, 1954, p. 461. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4947. (juvenile holotype from Ithaca, Tompkins Zelotes razoumovskyi: Roewer, 1932, p. 413 (lap- County, New York, in MCZ, examined). First sus). synonymized with blanda by Banks, 1910, p. 8. Haplodrassus magister Chamberlin, 1933, p. 6, Drassodes cerdo: Simon, 1893, p. 359. figs. 11, 12 (male holotype from Minneapolis, Prosthesima completa Banks, 1898, p. 219, pl. 13, Hennepin County, Minnesota, in AMNH, ex- fig. 22 (male syntype from La Chuparosa, Baja amined). Roewer, 1954, p. 403. Bonnet, 1957, California Sur, Mexico, in MCZ, examined). p. 2091. First synonymized with rusticus by NEW SYNONYMY. Ubick and Roth, 1973, p. 8. Prosthesima lutea F. 0. P.-Cambridge, 1899, p. Zelotes razoumowski: Bristowe, 1935, p. 745 (lap- 57, pl. 4, figs. 16, 16a (female holotype from sus). Guatemala, in BMNH, examined). NEW SYN- Zelotes razoumowskii: Caporiacco, 1936, p. 75 ONYMY. (lapsus). Melanophorapacifica Simon, 1899, p.412 (female Drassyllus abdalbus Chamberlin, 1936b, p. 15, figs. holotype from Laysan Island, Hawaii, should be 31,32 (male holotype from Tucson, Pima Coun- in MNHN, lost). NEW SYNONYMY. ty, Arizona, in AMNH, examined). Roewer, Melanophora porteri Simon, 1904, p. 89 (female 1954, p. 413. Bonnet, 1956, p. 1602. First syn- holotype from Los Perales, Valparaiso, Chile, onymized with rusticus by Ubick and Roth, in MNHN, examined). NEW SYNONYMY. 1973, p. 8. Zelotesfemoralis Banks, 1904, p. 336, pl. 38, fig. Urozelotes cardiogynus Mello-Leitao, 1938, p. 11, 1 (female holotype from Claremont, Los An- fig. 30 (female holotype from Pehuajo, Buenos geles County, California, in MCZ, examined). Aires, Argentina, in MLP, examined). Roewer, First synonymized with rusticus by Ubick and 1954, p. 441. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4781. NEW Roth, 1973, p. 8. SYNONYMY. Melanophora rustica orientalis Simon, 1908, p. 77 Zelotes scutatus Mello-Leitao, 1939, p. 529, figs. (female holotype from Tonkin, Vietnam, in 14, 15 (male holotype from Sao Paulo, Sao Pau- MNHN, examined). Roewer, 1954, p. 462. First lo, Brazil, in Instituto Butantan, not examined). synonymized with rusticus by Bonnet, 1959, p. 4948. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4949. Preoccupied in Zelotes Zelotes blanda: Banks, 1910, p. 8. by Z. scutatus (O. P.-Cambridge, 1872); not Z. Drassodes agelastus: Petrunkevitch, 1911, p. 137. scutatus Mello-Leitao (1941), =Camillina chi- Bonnet, 1956, p. 1560. lensis (Simon). NEW SYNONYMY. Zelotes blandus: Petrunkevitch, 1911, p. 148. Zelotes keyserlingi Roewer, 1951, p. 444 (nomen Zelotes completus: Petrunkevitch, 1911, p. 148. novum forProsthesimapallida Keyserling); 1954, Roewer, 1954, p. 467. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4919. p. 468. NEW SYNONYMY. Zelotes luteus: Petrunkevitch, 1911, p. 150. Roe- Zelotes paulistus Roewer, 1951, p. 444 (nomen wer, 1954, p. 468. Bonnet, 1959, p. 4934. novum for Z. scutatus Mello-Leitao). 26 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
Drassodes agelasius: Roewer, 1954, p. 396 (lap- KANSAS: Bourbon, Cowley. LOUISIANA: sus). Iberville, Vernon, West Baton Rouge. Zelotes pacificus: Roewer, 1954, p. 467. Bonnet, MARYLAND: Dorchester. MINNESOTA: 1959, p. 4938. Hennepin. MISSOURI: Johnson. NEVADA: Zelotes elytrogaster (misidentification): Roewer, 1954, p. 468 (references to Z. scutatus Mello- Clark, Nye. NEW JERSEY: Hunterdon. NEW Leitao, 1939, and Z. paulistus Roewer only). MEXICO: Bernalillo, Sandoval. NEW Zelotes (Drassyllus) rusticus: Gertsch, in Lindroth, YORK: Kings, New York, Queens, Tomp- 1957, p. 104. kins, Warren. NORTH DAKOTA: Divide, Drassodes malodes Tikader, 1962, p. 572, figs. 2a- Grand Forks. OKLAHOMA: Comanche. c (female holotype from Dhakuna, West Bengal, OREGON: Jackson. PENNSYLVANIA: India, in ZSI, examined); 1982, p. 397, figs. 230- Bucks, Montgomery. SOUTH CAROLINA: 232. NEW SYNONYMY. Lexington. TEXAS: Dallas, Erath, Garza, Camillina gigas Schmidt, 1973, p. 362, fig. 3 (fe- Kleberg, Lubbock, Medina, Parker, Travis, male holotype from Playa del Ingles, Grand Ca- Wichita. UTAH: Washington. VIRGINIA: nary, Canary Islands, in FIS, examined; not Fairfax. WEST VIRGINIA: Greenbrier. male). NEW SYNONYMY. WISCONSIN: Dane. Mexico: BAJA CALI- DIAGNOSIS: Males can easily be distin- FORNIA NORTE: Ensenada. BAJA CALI- guished from those of U. mysticus by the FORNIA SUR: Bahia Magdalena, La Chu- smaller terminal apophysis (fig. 55), females parosa, La Paz, San Ignacio. CHIHUAHUA: by the wider median epigynal plate (fig. 57). Santa Barbara. COAHUILA: Cueva de Leon. MALE: Total length 6.50 ± 0.77. Carapace COLIMA: Cueva de la Finca. SONORA: De- 3.15 ± 0.33 long, 2.33 ± 0.27 wide. Femur semboque, El Coyote. VERACRUZ: Hua- II 2.12 ± 0.19 long (143 specimens exam- tusco. Guatemala. Brazil: MINAS GERAIS: ined). Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.08, Minas de Serinha Diamantina. RIO ALE 0.13, PME 0.15, PLE 0.11; AME-AME GRANDE DO SUL: Canela, Morro Santana, 0.08, AME-ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.02, Taquara. Uruguay: MONTEVIDEO: Mon- PME-PLE 0.06, ALE-PLE 0.04. MOQ length tevideo. Argentina: BUENOS AIRES: Pe- 0.27, front width 0.24, back width 0.32. Ter- huajo. Chile: ATACAMA: Copiapo. SAN- minal apophysis narrow, not reaching as far TIAGO: Las Condes, Pirque, Providencia, distally as embolus, retrolateral tibial apoph- Santiago. VALPARAISO: Los Perales, Quil- ysis curved ventrally at about half its length lota, Vifna del Mar. England: ESSEX: Tilbury (figs. 55, 56). Leg spination: metatarsus II v2- Dock. GREATER LONDON: London. 0-0. France: CORSE: Campo di l'Oro. HAUTE- FEMALE: Total length 6.66 ± 0.72. Cara- VIENNE. YONNE: Champigny. YVE- pace 3.04 ± 0.26 long, 2.23 ± 0.20 wide. LINES: Versailles. Italy: TRENTINO-ALTO Femur II 2.01 ± 0.17 long (145 specimens ADIGE: Trento. Egypt: MATRUH: Siwa. examined). Eye sizes and interdistances: AME Libya: Ghiryan, Sabrata. Algeria: ORAN: 0.10, ALE 0.14, PME 0.18, PLE 0.12; AME- Oran. Canary Islands: GRAND CANARY: AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.03, PME-PME 0.02, Playa del Ingles. Madeira Islands: PORTO PME-PLE 0.09, ALE-PLE 0.07. MOQ length SANTO: near airport. India: TAMIL NADU: 0.34, front width 0.29, back width 0.38. Me- Coonoor. WEST BENGAL: Dhakuria. Viet- dian epigynal plate very wide posteriorly (figs. nam: Tonkin. Japan: HONSHU: Higashita- 57, 58). Leg spination: femora I, II 0-1-1. kaai-cho. Borneo: SABAH: Kinabalu Na- RECORDS: Canada: ONTARIO: Toronto. tional Park. Dahomey: Porto-Novo. United States (county records only): ALA- Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe. South Africa: CAPE BAMA: Tuscaloosa. ARIZONA: Cochise, OF GOOD HOPE: Calvinia, Cedar Moun- Gila, Pima, Yuma. ARKANSAS: Carroll, tains, Hanover, Kalk Bay, Paarl, Palmierfon- Washington. CALIFORNIA: Fresno, Impe- tein, Queenstown, St. Helena Bay, Steenberjs rial, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Cove, Stompneus. TRANSVAAL: junction, Bernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, Santa Crocodile and Marico Rivers. Hawaii: HA- Clara, Shasta, Tulare, Ventura, Yolo. CON- WAII: Pohakuloa. OAHU: Koko Head Cra- NECTICUT:- Hartford. FLORIDA: Lake. ter. GEORGIA: Thomas. ILLINOIS: Cook. DISTRIBUTION: Synanthropic and thereby 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 27
FIGS. 59-62. Urozelotes mysticus, new species. 59. Palp, ventral view. 60. Palp, retrolateral view. 61. Epigynum, ventral view. 62. Epigynum, dorsal view.
virtually cosmopolitan, although no speci- 1.80-2.27 long, 1.37-1.74 wide. Femur II mens have been recorded from Australia or 1.17-1.37 long. Eye sizes and interdistances: New Zealand. AME 0.05, ALE 0.06, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08; NATURAL HISTORY: Specimens have been AME-AME 0.05, AME-ALE 0.02, PME- most frequently taken in buildings, but are PME 0.03, PME-PLE 0.05, ALE-PLE 0.05. also known from gardens, pastures, citrus or- MOQ length 0.20, front width 0.15, back chards, oak forests, and caves. width 0.19. Terminal apophysis wide, reach- SYNONYMY: The numerous redescriptions ing farther distally than embolus, retrolateral are presumably due only to the unexpectedly tibial apophysis not curving ventrally (figs. wide distribution of the species. 59, 60). Leg spination: femora: II pO-1-1; IV p0-0-1, rO-0-1; tibiae: III rO-1-1; IV p1-0-1. Urozelotes mysticus, new species FEMALE: Total length 4.79. Carapace 2.19 Figures 59-62 long, 1.65 wide. Femur II 1.33 long. Eye sizes TYPES: Male holotype and female paratype and interdistances: AME 0.07, ALE 0.08, from an unknown locality (no date or collec- PME 0.10, PLE 0.09; AME-AME 0.05, tor), deposited in MNHN. AME-ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.04, PME-PLE ETYMOLOGY: The specific name refers to 0.05, ALE-PLE 0.04. MOQ length 0.23, front the unknown type locality. width 0.19, back width 0.24. Median epigy- DIAGNOSIS: Males can easily be distin- nal plate narrow posteriorly (figs. 61, 62). Leg guished from those of U. rusticus by the larger spination: femur IV pO-0-1. terminal apophysis (fig. 59), females by the OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: Three-males narrower median epigynal plate (fig. 61). taken with the types (MNHN). MALE: Total length 4.03-5.10. Carapace DISTRIBUTION: Unknown. 28 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
LITERATURE CITED Bristowe, William Syer 1935. The spiders of Greece and the adjacent Audouin, Jean Victor islands. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1934, 1827. Explication sommaire des planches pp. 733-788. d'arachnides de l'Egypte et de la Syrie, Bryant, Elizabeth B. publiees par Jules-Cesar Savigny. In 1936. New species of southern spiders. Psy- Description de l'Egypte. Paris, Histoire che, vol. 43, pp. 87-101, figs. 1-9. Naturelle, Zoologie, vol. 22, pp. 291- Cambridge, Frederick Octavius Pickard- 430. 1899. Arachnida-Araneida. In Godman, F. D., Banks, Nathan and 0. Salvin, Biologia Centrali-Amer- 1892. The spider fauna of the Upper Cayuga icana. London, vol. 2, pp. 41-88, pls. Lake Basin. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila- 3-6. delphia, pp. 11-81, pls. 1-5. Cambridge, Octavius Pickard- 1898. Arachnida from Baja California, and 1872. General list of the spiders of Palestine other parts of Mexico. Proc. California and Syria, with descriptions of numer- Acad. Sci., ser. 3, vol. 1, pp. 205-308, ous new species, and characters of two pls. 13-17. new genera. Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1904. Some Arachnida from California. Ibid., pp. 212-354, pls. 13-16. ser. 3, vol. 3, pp. 331-376, pls. 38-41. 1874. Systematic list of the spiders at present 1910. Catalogue ofNearctic spiders. Bull. U.S. known to inhabit Great Britain and Ire- Natl. Mus., vol. 72, pp. 1-80. land. Trans. Linnean Soc. London, vol. Benoit, P. L. G. 30, pp. 319-334. 1977. La faune terrestre de l'ile de Sainte-He- Canestrini, Giovanni lene. 3. 7. Fam. Drassidae. Ann. Mus. 1875. Catalogo degli araneidi del Trentino. Roy. l'Afrique Centrale, no. 220, pp. 52- Atti Soc. Veneto-trentina Sci. Nat. Pa- 62, figs. 18-22. dova, vol. 3, pp. 27-35. Berland, Lucien Caporiacco, Lodovico di 1919. Note sur le peigne metatarsal que pos- 1936. Aracnidi fezzanesi raccolti dai prof. G. sedent certaines araignees de la famille Scortecci nel 1934-xii. Atti Soc. Italiana des Drassidae. Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat., pp. Sci. Nat., vol. 75, pp. 67-93, figs. 1-6. 458-463, 1 fig. 1953. Aracnidi Pugliesi raccolti dai Signori 1934. Araignees de Polynesie. Ann. Soc. Ent. Conci, Giordani-Soika, Gridelli, Ruffo France, vol. 103, pp. 321-336, figs. 1- e dall'autore. Mem. Biogeogr. Adriati- 18. ca, vol. 2, pp. 63-94, figs. 1-9. Blackwall, John Chamberlin, Ralph V. 1861. Descriptions of several recently discov- 1922. The North American spiders ofthe fam- ered spiders. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. ily Gnaphosidae. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash- 3, vol. 8, pp. 441-446. ington, vol. 35, pp. 145-172. Bonnet, Pierre 1933. Four new spiders of the family Gna- 1956. Bibliographia araneorum. Toulouse, vol. phosidae. Amer. Mus. Novitates, no. 2, pt. 2, pp. 919-1926. 631, pp. 1-7, figs. 1-12. 1957. Bibliographia araneorum. Toulouse, vol. 1936a. Records of North American Gnaphos- 2, pt. 3, pp. 1927-3026. idae with descriptions of new species. 1958. Bibliographia araneorum. Toulouse, vol. Ibid., no. 841, pp. 1-30, figs. 1-45. 2, pt. 4, pp. 3027-4230. 1936b. Further records and descriptions of 1959. Bibliographia araneorum. Toulouse, vol. North American Gnaphosidae. Ibid., no. 2, pt. 5, pp. 4231-5058. 853, pp. 1-25, figs. 1-47. B6senberg, W. 1937. Change of name. Pan-Pacific Ent., vol. 1902. Die Spinnen Deutschlands. Zoologica, 13, p. 170. vol. 14, pp. 97-384, pls. 9-36. Charitonow, Dimitri Eustratiewitch Braun, Rudolf 1932. Katalog der russischen Spinnen. Iejie- 1982. Deutung der angeblich neuen 'Deutsch- godnik Zoologhitscheskogo Mouzeia- land'-Arten Bosenbergs und ihrer bal- Akademia Naouk, vol. 32, pp. 1-206. kanischen 'Wiederfunde.' Senckenber- Chyzer, Cornel, and Wladyslaw Kulczyn'ski giana Biol., vol. 62, pp. 355-384. 1896. Ordo Araneae. In A Magyar Birodalom Brignoli, Paolo M. Allatvilaga (Fauna Regni Hungariae). 1983. A catalogue of the Araneae described Budapest, vol. 3, pp. 1-33. between 1940 and 1981. Manchester, 1897. Araneae Hungariae. Budapest, vol. 2, 755 pp. pt. 2, pp. 147-306, pls. 6-10. 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 29
Denis, Jacques Lindroth, Carl H. 1944. Descriptions d'araignees nord-afri- 1957. The faunal connections between Europe caines. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse, and North America. New York, 344 pp. vol. 79, pp. 41-57, figs. 1-30. Lohmander, Hans 1952. Notes d'araneologie marocaine. I. Les 1944. Vorlaufige Spinnennotizen. Arkiv Zool., Zelotes du Maroc. Rev. Fran9aise Ent., vol. 35, no. 16, pp. 1-21. vol. 19, pp. 113-126, figs. 1-26. Machado, Antonio de Barros 1956. Spiders collected in French Morocco by 1941. Araignees nouvelles pour la faune por- the Durham Colleges Expedition Club. tugaise (II). Publ. Inst. Zool. Dr. Au- Proc. Zool. Soc. London, vol. 126, pp. gusto Nobre Fac. Cienc. P6rto, no. 3, 275-281, figs. 1-8. pp. 1-60, figs. 1-29. 1962. Les araignees de l'archipel de Madere Marinaro, Jean-Yves (Mission du Professeur Vandel). Publ. 1967. Les araignees d'Afrique du Nord. I. Sur Inst. Zool. Dr. Augusto Nobre Fac. une collection de Drassidae a peigne Cienc. PBrto, no. 79, pp. 1-118, figs. 1- metatarsal d'Algerie. Bull. Soc. Zool. 88. France, vol. 92, pp. 687-704, figs. 1-22. Galiano, E. F. Mello-Leitao, Candido Firmino de 1910. Datos para el conocimiento de la dis- 1915. Notas arachnologicas. Broteria, vol. 13, tribucion geogrfafica de los arfacnidos en pp. 143-144. Espana. Mem. Soc. Espana Hist. Nat., 1918. Drassoideas do Brasil. Arch. Esc. Sup. vol. 6, pp. 343-424. Agr. Med. Veterinaria, vol. 2, pp. 17- Jezequel, J. F. 74, pls. 1-4. 1961. Contribution a l'etude des Zelotes fe- 1938. Algunas arafias nuevas de la Argentina. melles (Araneidea, Labidognatha, Gna- Rev. Mus. La Plata, new ser., Zool., vol. phosidae) de la faune fran,aise (2e note). 1, pp. 89-118, figs. 1-39. Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., ser. 2, vol. 1939. Algumas aranhas de S.-Paulo e Santa 33, pp. 594-610, figs. 1-34. Catarina. Mem. Inst. Butantan, vol. 12, Keyserling, Graf Eugen pp. 523-531, pls. 1-3. 1877. Spinnen aus Uruguay und einigen an- 1941. Las arafias de Cordoba, La Rioja, Ca- deren Gegenden Amerikas. Verhandl. tamarca, Tucumfan, Salta y Jujuy. Rev. Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, vol. 27, pp. Mus. La Plata, new ser., Zool., vol. 2, 571-624,pl. 14. pp. 99-198, figs. 1-91, pls. 1-12. 1891. Die Spinnen Amerikas. Brasilianische 1943. Cat'alogo das aranhas do Rio Grande do Spinnen. Nurnberg, vol. 3, 278 pp., 10 Sul. Arq. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro, vol. pls. 37, pp. 149-245, figs. 1-65. Koch, Carl Ludwig Miller, Frantisek 1837. Uebersicht des Arachnidensystems. 1967. Studien uber die Kopulationsorgane der Niirnberg, pt. 1, 39 pp., 6 pls. Spinnengattung Zelotes, Micaria, Rob- Koch, Ludwig ertus und Dipoena nebst Beschreibung 1866. Die Arachniden-Familie der Drassiden. einiger neuen oder unvollkommen be- Nlrnberg, pts. 1-6, pp. 1-304, pls. 1- kannten Spinnenarten. Acta Sci. Nat. 12. Brno, vol. 1, pp. 251-298, pls. 1-14. 1872. Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Arachniden- Patel, B. H., and H. K. Patel fauna Tirols. Zweite Abhandlung. 1975. On some new species ofspiders offam- Zeitschr. Ferdinandeums Tirol Vorarl- ily Gnaphosidae (Araneae: Arachnida) berg, ser. 3, vol. 17, pp. 239-328. from Gujarat, India. Rec. Zool. Surv. 1875. Aegyptische und abyssinische Arachn- India, vol. 68, pp. 33-39, figs. 1-3. iden gesammelt von Herrn C. Jickeli. Pavesi, Pietro Nurnberg, 96 pp., 7 pls. 1873. Catalogo sistematico dei ragni del Can- Kroneberg, A. I. tone Ticino. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. 1875. Araneae. In Fedtschenko, A. P., Pu- Genova, vol. 4, pp. 5-215. teshestvie v Tourkestan. Zoologischer Petrunkevitch, Alexander Theil. Moscow, vol. 2, pp. 1-58, pls. 1- 1911. A synonymic index-catalogue ofspiders 5. of North, Central and South America. Kulczyinski, Wladyslaw Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 29, 1901. Arachnoidea. In Horvath, G., Zoolo- pp. 1-791. gische Ergebnisse der dritten asiatischen Platnick, Norman I., and Mohammad U. Shadab Forschungsreise des Grafen Eugen Zi- 1975. A revision ofthe spider genus Gnaphosa chy. Budapest, vol. 2, pp. 311-369. (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) in America. 30 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792
Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 155, 1885. Materiaux pour servir a la faune des pp. 1-66, figs. 1-150, maps 1-15. arachhides du Senegal. Ibid., ser. 6, vol. 1982a. A revision of the American spiders of 5, pp. 345-396. the genus Drassyllus (Araneae, Gna- 1893. Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris, phosidae). Ibid., vol. 173, pp. 1-97, figs. vol. 1, pt. 2, pp. 257-488, figs. 216-490. 1-281, maps 1-41. 1897. Arachnides recueillis par M. M. Main- 1982b. A revision of the American spiders of dron a Mascate, en octobre 1896. Bull. the genus Camillina (Araneae, Gna- Mus. Hist. Nat., pp. 95-98. phosidae). Amer. Mus. Novitates, no. 1899. Ergebnisse einer Reise nach dem Pacific 2748, pp. 1-38, figs. 1-120. (Schauinsland 1896-1897). Arachno- 1983. A revision of the American spiders of ideen. Zool. Jahrb. Syst., vol. 12, pp. the genus Zelotes (Araneae, Gnaphosi- 411-437. dae). Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. 1904. Etude sur les arachnides du Chile. Ann. 174, pp. 97-192, figs. 1-272, maps 1- Soc. Ent. Belgique, vol. 48, pp. 83-114, 22. figs. 1-8. Purcell, W. F. 1908. Etude sur les arachnides du Tonkin. Bull. 1907. New South African spiders ofthe family Sci. France Belgique, vol. 42, pp. 69- Drassidae in the collection ofthe South 147, figs. 1-16. African Museum. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 1914. Les arachnides de France. Paris, vol. 6, ser. 7, vol. 20, pp. 297-336, pls. 8-15. 308 pp., 537 figs. Reimoser, Eduard Thorell, Tamerlan 1919. Katalog der echten Spinnen (Araneae) 1875a. Diagnoses aranearum Europearum ali- des Palaarktischen Gebietes. Abhandl. quot novarum. Tijdschr. Ent., vol. 18, Zool.-Bot. Gesell. Wien, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 81-108. pp. 1-280. 1875b. Descriptions of several European and 1920. Araneidae. In Beitrage zur Kenntnis der North African spiders. Kongl. Svenska Fauna dalmatiens. Zool. Jahrb. Syst., Vetensk.-Akad. Handl., vol. 13, no. 5, vol. 42, pp. 227-232. pp. 1-203. Roewer, Carl F. Tikader, B. K. 1932. Arachnoidea, Spinnentiere. In Broh- 1962. On two new species of spiders of the mer, P., Fauna von Deutschland. Leip- genera Scotophaeus and Drassodes zig, pp. 404-432, figs. 1-69. (family Gnaphosidae) from West Ben- 1951. Neue Namen einiger Araneen-Arten. gal. Proc. First All-India Congr. Zool., Abhandl. Nat. Ver. Bremen, vol. 32, pp. pp. 570-573. 437-456. 1982. The fauna of India. Spiders: Araneae. 1954. Katalog der Araneae. Bremen, vol. 2, Calcutta, vol. 2, 536 pp., 504 figs. pt. 1, 923 pp. Tikader, B. K., and U. A. Gajbe Schenkel, Ehrenfried 1975. New species of Drassodes spiders (Ar- 1963. Ostasiatische Spinnen aus den Museum aneae: Gnaphosidae) from India. Ori- d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Mem. ental Insects, vol. 9, pp. 273-281, figs. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., new. ser., Zool., 1-22. vol. 25, pp. 1-288, figs. 1-161. Tucker, R. W. E. Schmidt, Gunter 1923. The Drassidae of South Africa. Ann. 1973. Zur Spinnenfauna von Gran Canaria. South African Mus., vol. 19, pp. 251- Zool. Beitr., new ser., vol. 19, pp. 347- 438, pls. 8-11. 391, figs. 1-12. Ubick, Darrell, and Vincent D. Roth Simon, Eugene 1973. Nearctic Gnaphosidae including species 1864. Histoire naturelle des araignees. Paris, from adjacent Mexican states. Amer. 540 pp., 207 figs. Arachnol., no. 9, suppl. 2, pp. 1-12; 1878. Les arachnides de France. Paris, vol. 4, suppl. 3, pp. 1-6. pp. 1-334, pls. 12-16. Worley, L. G. 1883. Materiaux pour servir a la faune arach- 1928. New Nebraska spiders. Ann. Ent. Soc. nologique des iles de l'Ocean Atlan- Amer., vol. 21, pp. 619-622, figs. 1-6. tique. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, ser. 6, vol. 3, pp. 259-314, pl. 8.