AMERICANt MUSEUM Novitates PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 Number 2792, pp. 1-30, figs. 1-62 August 13, 1984 A Revision of the Spider Genera Trachyzelotes and Urozelotes (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) NORMAN I. PLATNICK' AND JOHN A. MURPHY2 ABSTRACT The subgenus Trachyzelotes Lohmander is re- (Kroneberg), with which Zelotes insipiens (Simon) moved from Zelotes, elevated to generic rank, and of Senegal, Z. sorex Denis of Egypt, Z. cavaleriei redefined to include those zelotines with a dis- Schenkel ofChina, Drassylluspeninsulanus (Banks) tinctive cluster of stiff setae on the anteromedian of the southwestern United States and Mexico, surface of the chelicerae; the generic name Si- Camillina spinibarbis (Simon) of Oman, C. acan- monizelotes Marinaro is a nomen nudum that was thognatha (Purcell) of South Africa, Scotophaeus intended by its author to refer to the same group chohanius Patel and Patel of India, and Drassodes of species. Trachyzelotes seems natively Mediter- indraprastha Tikader and Gajbe ofIndia are newly ranean but some species have apparently been in- synonymized, and which is newly recorded from troduced into (and redescribed from) far-flung Hawaii; and T. kulczynskii (Bosenberg), with which areas. Three species groups are recognized within Z. samoensis Berland of Samoa is newly synon- the genus. The pedestris group contains only the ymized, the male ofwhich is described for the first European type species T. pedestris (C. L. Koch). time, and which is newly recorded from Florida, The lyonneti group contains one new species, T. Jamaica, and St. Kitts. The barbatus group con- stubbsi from Cyprus, and four Mediterranean tains two new species, T. huberti from Algeria and species transferred from Zelotes: T. lyonneti (Au- T. malkini from Turkey, Crete, and the Soviet douin), with which Zelotes ursinus (0. P.-Cam- Union, and six Mediterranean species transferred bridge) ofIsrael, Z. brasilianus (Keyserling) ofBra- from Zelotes: T. barbatus (L. Koch), newly re- zil, Z. philippsoni Denis of Morocco, Z. errans corded from California; T.fuscipes (L. Koch), with Benoit of Saint Helena, and Drassyllus agilis which Zelotes rubicundulus (Simon) of France is (Bryant) of the southern United States are newly newly synonymized; T. ravidus (L. Koch); T. ho- synonymized, and which is newly recorded from losericeus (Simon); T. mutabilis (Simon), with Peru; T. adriaticus (Caporiacco), the female of which Zelotes microbarbatus Marinaro of Algeria which is described for the first time; T. jaxartensis is newly synonymized; and T. costatus (Denis), the ' Curator, Department of Entomology, American Museum of Natural History; Adjunct Professor, Department of Biology, City College, City University of New York. 2 323 Hanworth Road, Hampton, Middlesex, England TW12 3EJ. Copyright © American Museum of Natural History 1984 ISSN 0003-0082 / Price $2.60 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792 male of which is described for the first time. The Chile, Z. scutatus Mello-Leitao of Brazil, Z. key- genus Urozelotes Mello-Leitao contains the new serlingi Roewer of Uruguay, Camillina amnicola species U. mysticus, from an unknown locality, Tucker of South Africa, C. gigas Schmidt of the and the cosmopolitan, synanthropic species U. Canary Islands, Drassodes agelastus Keyserling of rusticus (L. Koch), transferred from Zelotes, with Brazil, D. malodes Tikader of India, and U. car- which Zelotes completus (Banks) of Mexico, Z. diogynus Mello-Leitao ofArgentina are newly syn- luteus (F. 0. P.-Cambridge) of Guatemala, Z. pa- onymized. cificus (Simon) of Hawaii, Z. porteri (Simon) of INTRODUCTION This paper, the twentieth in a series on the CNC, Canadian National Collection, Dr. C. D. spider family Gnaphosidae, is the fourth de- Dondale and Mr. J. H. Redner voted to representatives of the Zelotes com- CRB, Dr. R. Bosmans plex, a highly speciose and worldwide group CUC, Cornell University Collection, housed at AMNH containing those gnaphosids with a preening DEB, Mr. D. E. Bixler comb on metatarsi III and IV. Three genera DTJ, Dr. D. T. Jennings belonging to the complex (Drassyllus, Cam- EPC, Exline-Peck Collection, Dr. W. B. Peck illina, and Zelotes) have large American fau- FIS, Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, Dr. M. nas recently revised by Platnick and Shadab Grasshoff (1982a, 1982b, 1983). The present paper FMNH, Field Museum ofNatural History, Dr. L. completes coverage ofthe New World mem- Watrous bers of the group by providing accounts of FSCA, Florida State Collection ofArthropods, Dr. two Old World genera that include species G. B. Edwards apparently introduced into various parts of HEC, Hope Entomological Collections, Oxford University, Dr. M. C. Birch and Mr. I. Lansbury America. JAB, Dr. J. A. Beatty The format of the descriptions and stan- JAM, Mr. J. A. Murphy dard abbreviations of morphological terms LACM, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles follow those used by Platnick and Shadab County, Dr. C. L. Hogue and Mr. C. Nagano (1975); all measurements are in millimeters. MCN, Museu de Ciencias Naturais, Porto Alegre, We thank Dr. M. U. Shadab ofthe American Dr. A. A. Lise Museum for providing illustrations, Ms. J. MCV, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Verona, Whelan of the American Museum for assis- Dr. G. Osella tance with the scanning electron microscope, MCZ, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Dr. H. Dr. C. D. Dondale ofthe Biosystematics Re- W. Levi MET, Mr. M. E. Thompson search Institute for reviewing a draft of the MLP, Museo de La Plata, Dr. R. F. Arrozpide manuscript, and the curators and collectors MNHN, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, listed below for supplying specimens. Dr. M. Hubert MRAC, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Dr. COLLECTIONS EXAMINED R. Jocque NVH, Dr. N. V. Homer AMNH, American Museum of Natural History, PGA, Dr. P. G. Aguilar F. including material made available by Dr. W. J. PMB, Dr. P. M. Brignoli Gertsch REL, Dr. R. E. Leech BJK, Dr. B. J. Kaston SAM, South African Museum, Ms. C. A. Car and BMNH, British Museum (Natural History), Mr. Dr. V. B. Whitehead P. Hillyard and Mr. F. Wanless SBM, Santa Barbara Museum ofNatural History, BRV, Dr. B. R. Vogel Dr. F. G. Hochberg and Mr. S. Miller CAS, California Academy ofSciences, Dr. W. Pu- SCJ, Mr. S. C. Johnson lawski TAM, Texas A&M University, Dr. A. Dean CDFA, California Department of Food and Ag- UCB, University of California at Berkeley, Drs. riculture, Ms. M. J. Moody E. I. Schlinger and C. Griswold CDU, Mr. D. Ubick UCR, University of California at Riverside, Mr. CEM, Dr. M. Emerit S. Frommer CKT, Dr. K. Thaler VDR, Mr. V. D. Roth 1984 PLATNICK AND MURPHY: TRACHYZELOTES AND UROZELOTES 3 FIGS. 1, 2. Trachyzelotes sp. 1. Chelicerae, anterior view, showing cluster of stiffsetae. 2. Metatarsus I, ventral view, showing one doubled row of thick setae. WAS, Dr. W. A. Shear light; PME usually largest, others subequal; WCS, Mr. W. C. Sedgwick typically with AME separated by less than WRI, Mr. W. R. Icenogle their diameter, much closer to ALE, PME ZIL, Zoological Institute, Leningrad, Dr. V. I. separated by their radius or less, farther from Ovtsharenko ZMH, Zoologisches Museum, Universitat Ham- PLE, lateral eyes of each side separated by burg, Dr. G. Rack less than their diameter, MOQ slightly wider ZSI, Zoological Survey ofIndia, Dr. B. K. Tikader in back than long or in front. Clypeal height at AME greater than their diameter. Chelic- TRACHYZELOTES LOHMANDER, NEW RANK erae with up to seven small retromarginal teeth; promargin and median half of anterior Zelotes (Trachyzelotes) Lohmander, 1944, p. 13 surface coated with stiff setae (fig. 1); boss [type species by original designation Zelotes pe- present anterolaterally. Endites short, rect- destris (C. L. Koch)]. angular, obliquely depressed, anteriorly nar- Simonizelotes Marinaro, 1967, p. 702 (nomen nu- rowed; labium rounded distally; sternum re- dum). bordered, without sclerotized extensions to DIAGNOSIS: Specimens of Trachyzelotes can coxae, with uniformly short setae. Leg for- be distinguished from those of all other ze- mula 4123. Typical leg spination pattern (only lotine genera by the presence of a cluster of surfaces bearing spines listed): femora: I dl- stiff setae on the anteromedian surface ofthe 1-0, pO-0-1; II dl-l-0; III dl-l-0, pO-1-1, rO- chelicerae (fig. 1). 1-1; IV dl-l-O, rO-0-l; tibiae: III pl-1-1, vlp- DESCRIPTION: Total length 3.3-12.4. Car- 2-2, rO-l-l; IV p2-1-1, v2-2-2, r2-1-1; me- apace oval in dorsal view, widest between tatarsi: II v2-0-0; III pO-1-2, v2-0-0, rO-1-2; coxae II and III, truncated anteriorly and pos- IV pl-2-2, v2-2-0, rl-2-1. Legs light brown teriorly, smoothly narrowed opposite palpi, with tarsi lightest; ventral surface of meta- light brown with darker reticulations, long tarsi and tarsi I and II with two doubled rows stiff black setae along edge of posterior de- of thick setae (fig. 2); tarsi with two dentate clivity, and reflexed lateral margins; cephalic claws and weak claw tufts; trochanters un- area flattened, thoracic groove very short, notched; metatarsi III and IV with distal longitudinal. From above, anterior eye row preening combs; trichobothria in two rows very slightly recurved, posterior row very on tarsi, one on metatarsi. Abdomen gray slightly procurved; from front, both rows (males only with short orange anterior scu- procurved; AME circular, dark, PME irreg- tum), dorsum with three pairs oflighter mus- ularly rectangular, light, ALE and PLE oval, cle impressions, anterior surface with long 4 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES NO. 2792 bristles, otherwise with uniformly short setae be distinguished by genitalic features. The as on sternum; six spinnerets, anteriors typ- type species, T. pedestris (C. L. Koch), has a ically gnaphosoid, with six long spigots.