Collections of musicians’ letters in the UK and Ireland: a scoping study

Katharine Hogg, Rachel Milestone, Alexis Paterson, Rupert Ridgewell, Susi Woodhouse

London December 2011

1 Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank all those who gave their time and expertise to make this scoping study possible. They include: the staff of organisations and individuals responding to the survey, staff at the BBC Written Archives, Oxford University Press, the London Symphony Orchestra, Cheltenham Festivals, Royal Festival Hall, Royal Academy of Music, Royal Society of Musicians, and those who kindly agreed to be interviewed on their use and perception of archives of letters.

© Music Libraries Trust 2012

2 Contents

1. Introduction ...... 5 2. Rationale ...... 5 2.1. The resource...... 5 2.2. Repositories ...... 5 2.3. Resource discovery...... 6 2.4. Data integration...... 6 2.5. Metadata issues ...... 7 2.6. Advocacy...... 7 3. Methodology...... 8 3.1. Definitions ...... 8 3.2. Scoping collections...... 8 3.3. Institutional contexts...... 9 3.4. Project management ...... 9 3.5. Survey of holding institutions ...... 10 3.6. Inventory of Musicians...... 11 3.7. Final report...... 12 3.7 Project timeframe...... 12 4. Holding institutions...... 12 4.1. Inventory of collections ...... 12 4.2. National libraries...... 13 4.3. University libraries...... 14 4.4. Public libraries ...... 14 4.5. Public archives and museums ...... 15 4.6. Composer museums and trusts...... 16 4.7. Music Conservatoires ...... 17 4.8. Broadcasting institutions...... 19 4.9. Music publishers ...... 22 4.10. Music festivals ...... 24 4.11. Charitable foundations...... 26 4.12. Orchestras and ensembles ...... 27 4.13. Concert venues...... 28 4.14. Recording companies...... 29 4.15. Other holding institutions...... 30 5. Survey of researchers...... 30 6. Structured interviews with musicians ...... 34 6.1. Participants ...... 34 6.2. Roles...... 35 6.3. Content and format...... 35 6.4. Access, retention and legacy...... 37 6.5. General Observations ...... 39 6.6. Preservation ...... 40 7. Existing finding aids ...... 41 7.1. Online portals and catalogues ...... 41 7.1.1. National Register of Archives http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/default.asp...... 41 7.1.2. Access to Archives (A2A) http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/default.aspx...... 42 7.1.3. Archives Hub Http://www.archiveshub.ac.uk ...... 44 7.1.4. AIM25 http://www.aim25.ac.uk/ ...... 44 7.1.5. Scottish Archives Network (SCAN) http://www.scan.org.uk/index.html...... 46 7.1.6. Archives Wales http://www.archiveswales.org.uk/...... 47 7.1.7. National Archives of Ireland http://www.nationalarchives.ie/ ...... 47 7.1.8. National Library of Ireland: Sources http://sources.nli.ie/Browse/Archive...... 48 7.1.9. Cecilia http://www.cecilia­uk.org...... 49 7.2. Specialist online resources...... 49 3 7.3. Published collections...... 51 8. Synthesis...... 51 8.1. Privacy issues...... 51 8.2. Acquiring and preserving collections ...... 52 8.3. Resource discovery...... 53 9. Recommendations...... 54 Appendix 1. Indicative inventory of musicians’ names and repositories (1900­2011)...... 56 Appendix 2. Select bibliography of published collections...... 93 Appendix 3. Project plan...... 100 Appendix 4. Survey form for holding institutions ...... 102 Appendix 5. Survey form for individuals...... 104 INDEX ...... 106

4 1. Introduction This scoping study was commissioned by the Music Libraries Trust in 2010 to examine one of the longstanding items in its list of desirable projects in the music bibliographical field: the documentation of musicians’ letters. The main objective of the study is to determine the extent to which letters have been preserved and documented, and at what level, with a view to establishing what measures can be undertaken to help improve access to them. It provides a synthesis of information regarding access to musicians’ letters in libraries, archives and other institutions in the UK and the Republic of Ireland, and outlines the limitations of current provision. A key component of the study is presented in Appendix 1, which gives an overview of collections of letters drawn from existing sources of information, from research conducted by team members, and from a survey of holding institutions. The results of this research are discussed in section 4, together with an analysis of the outcomes of a survey of users and researchers. Both surveys inform the recommendations for future activity outlined in section 9.

2. Rationale

2.1. The resource

Letters are key documents for historical and contextual research in all disciplines, often prized especially for the insight they can bring into the personal or inner life of the subject. As an intimate form of communication from one individual to another, letters are often thought to encapsulate the private voice of the writer, making them highly resonant biographical sources. They are equally valued for the contextual and incidental information they can impart. In the case of musicians, letters can provide essential information about all aspects of musical life, from the intricacies of the creative process (especially in the case of collaborative works, such as operas), to practical issues surrounding the preparation of a work for performance, to the social and economic position of musicians in society.

2.2. Repositories

Musicians’ letters nevertheless tend to be less well documented than some other music research materials, such as music manuscripts and printed scores. Although the letters of some key composers have been published (see Appendix 2), they represent merely the tip of the iceberg with regard to the total corpus of letter collections held by libraries and archives internationally. 5 A large body of incoming correspondence might typically form part of a musician’s estate, if the individual concerned was careful about retaining such material, but outgoing correspondence will be – by its very nature – scattered far and wide, if preserved at all. Material relating to particular individuals tends to be scattered in numerous different repositories, both private and public, reflecting the diversity of their personal connections and professional associations. Musicians obviously correspond for professional reasons not only with other musicians, but also with promoters, publishers, broadcasters, members of the public, and the press, as well as with any number of private individuals and corporate bodies for all sorts of personal reasons. Musicians’ letters may be found in repositories relating to all these types of correspondent.

2.3. Resource discovery

The challenge for researchers, therefore, is to locate relevant material in numerous dispersed holdings. But here they typically encounter a number of structural barriers to seamless information retrieval. Collections of letters very often form part of the larger set of papers of individuals or institutions and are often not catalogued or indexed separately, but form part of the description of the entire archive. Significant caches of material are also held by institutions that have not yet catalogued their resources, or do not have the resources to do so. There are currently no federated sources of information specifically focused on documenting holdings of musicians’ letters, either in the UK and Ireland, or internationally. None of the IAML­sponsored ‘R’ projects, for example, are concerned with letter collections. Although letters do fall within the scope of a number of online portals that aim to provide over­arching access to information about archives and collections, these are generally designed to operate at a relatively high level of granularity. In the UK, these notably include Cecilia, the Archives Hub, AIM25, and the A2A database; the relative strengths and weaknesses of these sources vis­à­vis musicians’ letters are discussed in section 5.

2.4. Data integration

Letters also form part of the wider web of music­related source materials, all equally relevant and important to the work of a researcher. Traditionally, library catalogues are divided by format and do not seek to provide integrated access to subject­specific information cutting across different formats and collection­types. In the online environment, such linking and integration of data is possible but has rarely been achieved, although the technical and conceptual issues involved have been tested and discussed, notably by the Mspace project at Southampton University. 1 More

1 http://musicspace.mspace.fm/ 6 effective data linking remains a desirable goal not only for music users but also for the humanities in general, to open up the interrelationships between different materials and sources of information, and to support interdisciplinary research. 2 It is, however, a particularly acute problem in the musical sphere, with its uniquely diverse series of formats embracing sheet music, books, serials, manuscripts, letters, ephemera, sound, and film. The implementation of RDA (Resource Description and Access), anticipated in 2013, with its emphasis on the relationships between descriptive elements (names, subjects, titles) regardless of format, will undoubtedly bring this issue to the fore – at least in the library sector – and provide the basis by which greater integration of resources can be achieved.

2.5. Metadata issues

Metadata issues will continue to be problematic until more collections have been described and catalogued at item level. Ideally one would wish, at a minimum, to have access across collections via an authority list of the names of letter writers and recipients, together with subject access describing something of the content of each letter. Such detailed treatment is generally limited to important special collections and key repositories, such as Leeds University Library via its dedicated letters database (see below). Online access inevitably brings with it the prospect of the mass digitisation of source materials, 3 but musicians’ letters have not, thus far, been made available extensively online. 4 A key restrictive factor is the copyright in unpublished works, including letters, which is currently protected until 31 December 2039.

2.6. Advocacy

The main objective of this scoping study, then, is to determine the extent to which letters have been preserved and documented, and identifying measures which can be undertaken to help improve access to them. A crucial ingredient of the study is the compilation of a preliminary index of collections by names of musicians, which arises from our aim to survey the entire gamut of holding institutions in every sector. It is hoped that the study will itself become a tool for advocacy,

2 These issues are explored in a report prepared by the Research Information Network entitled ‘Reinventing Research? Information practices in the humanities’ (April 2011). See http://www.rin.ac.uk/our­work/using­and­accessing­ information­resources/information­use­case­studies­humanities. 3 The potential for digitisting such material is described in JISC’s report ‘Digitisation of Special Collections: Mapping, assessment, proritisation’ (2009). See http://www.jisc.ac.uk/publications/reports/2009/discmapfinalreport.aspx. 4 A project is currently underway to publish a new annotated edition of Mozart’s letters in several languages See Cliff Eisen et al., In Mozart's Words . Version 1.0, published by HRI Online, 2011. ISBN 9780955787676. An online database of Vaughan Williams’s letters is also planned, supplementing the volume of selected letters published in 2008 (see Hugh Cobbe (ed.), Letters of Ralph Vaughan Williams, 1895­1958 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008). 7 especially since it will, for the first time, give an indication of the degree to which the letters of musicians are endangered documents, prone to be lost to history.

3. Methodology

3.1. Definitions

A scoping study focuses on identifying the extent, nature, and range of research and implementation issues related to the subject of the study, mapping the key concepts relevant to the subject and identifying the main sources and types of evidence available. A review of literature and information resources will help to determine research gaps which a future larger study can address. This scoping study takes a fairly wide definition of both the term ‘musician’ and the concept of a ‘letter’. We have taken a wide definition of ‘musician’ to encompass not only practising musicians and composers, but also agents, publishers and others involved in the business of making music. This reflects the reality of many collections: they are diverse in content. We have, however, sought to limit the scope of the project by focusing on material dating from the twentieth and twenty­first centuries, with an emphasis on the classical tradition. This focus also has the advantage of highlighting collections that are still ‘in flux’ or not yet documented. Our definition of the ‘letter’ is equally broad, intended to encompass not only the traditional personal handwritten document sent from one individual or organisation to another, but also email correspondence (which raises separate issues of preservation).

3.2. Scoping collections

In researching these collections, the aim has been to demonstrate the diversity, scope and value of the resource and not to produce a full and systematic bibliography. This inevitably leads to some unevenness in the level to which different collections are represented in the study, since some are more fully documented than others. Nor does the study aim to capture information about every repository that holds musicians’ letters in the UK and Ireland, an undertaking that would require more time and greater resource than that intended for this project. We have, however, sought to represent the full range of different repositories in various sectors and have supplemented the general survey with case studies that analyse in greater detail the content and arrangement of letter collections in representative locations. Areas which are under­represented in this study include commercial companies, educational establishments, learned societies and membership organisations, and other sources, many of which are listed in section 4.15. Across the UK there was

8 less scope for investigation of resources in Ireland and Scotland, due to the geographic location of the project team and the limited time and funding for the project.

3.3. Institutional contexts

In some institutions, letters clearly were amassed as part of a working archive. At the BBC Written Archives, for example, letters are retained in sequences of files that relate to different departments within the organisation, in which they were archived around the time of receipt (see Case Study 2 below). In other institutions, they were specifically acquired for their scholarly value and/or relationship to other collections in the same repository. The British Library, for example, acquires letters to build on its existing collection strengths, particularly in the field of British music, and to preserve an archive of material in perpetuity on behalf of the nation. Performance venues and ensembles tend to retain letters for contractual reasons, if at all, and they are very often interfiled with related documentation. Only rarely do they maintain discrete collections relating to particular individuals: an example is the collection of Sir Arthur Bliss letters held by the LSO Archive. However, the dividing line between personal and business correspondence can be blurred, and letters are sometimes retained by individuals within an organisation, thus finding their way into private collections.

3.4. Project management

The Music Libraries Trust had originally advertised for a researcher to undertake a scoping study to identify and document collections of musicians’ letters in the UK, but due to the number of applications received the Trust decided to expand the scoping study and to appoint five people to work on it. The project therefore required administration and communication in a different way from that needed by an individual researcher, especially as not all of the five researchers had worked together or met before, and lived in different areas of the UK. The combination of skills of professional librarian, academic researcher and music administrator brought new insights to the project as well as the challenges evident from the first meeting, when the team needed to define the project boundaries, which had been left intentionally broad by the MLT.

The team leaders comprised the professional librarians, Katharine Hogg (nominated as co­ ordinator), Rupert Ridgewell and Susi Woodhouse, and a project plan was devised at an early meeting, with input from the other team members. Alexis Paterson brought to the project knowledge of the primary sources of information about 20 th century music, particularly relating to

9 living composers and the administration and archives of music festivals, and Rachel Milestone has extensive knowledge of local studies collections and administrative records relating to music and musicians, based on her own research.

Having agreed a broad definition of both ‘musicians’ and ‘letters’ the team needed to identify each other’s areas of knowledge and expertise and allocate areas of work accordingly. Geographic location also played a part in which archives were surveyed and by whom, and a standard questionnaire format had to be developed and agreed so that all team members were gathering the same type of information. A wiki site was established to allow the team to share information; for example, it was used to keep track of which organisations had been contacted to publicise the project, and to share large amounts of data which had been collected.

Whilst the Project Co­ordinator was nominated at the meeting with the funders, when most of the team were present, the team subsequently devised their own roles and responsibilities, and decided on the allocation of resources. The project team developed their project plan (Appendix 3), which was approved by the Music Libraries Trust, and occasional reports were made at the request of the Trust. Keeping the team in touch, when all members have jobs elsewhere, was challenging, especially with a geographically disparate group, although the excellent wiki site devised by Susi Woodhouse enabled sharing of information relatively easily.

3.5. Survey of holding institutions

A survey was undertaken seeking to identify further material. The survey form (see Appendix 4) was advertised via email lists as follows:

• Iaml­uk­irl • CILIP Local Studies Group list • LIS­LINK • LIS­Rarebooks

A press release to promote the project and encourage returns to the survey was also sent to the following organizations:

• The Incorporated Society of Musicians • CILIP Update

10 • Classical Music • Musical Times • Making Music • Royal Musical Association • Sound and Music • Royal Society of Musicians • Musicians’ Benevolent Fund

Whilst the request for information for the survey will have reached in excess of 600 institutions in the UK and Ireland and many thousands of individuals, only 27 responses were received, despite reminders. Naturally, the response level was disappointing and the team identified four possible reasons for this:

• The time involved in identifying and documenting separately material which in most cases forms part of a larger documented archive, was more than could be spared by staff. • Relevant material may not yet be documented and again, time could not be set aside to provide information • Given the already high level of online records available for the majority of cultural and educational sector materials (whether at institutional or aggregated levels) it may be that many felt enough information was already available and that no action was necessary. • In the current economic climate, there appears to be a general reluctance to engage in any activities that might be considered outside the mainstream of immediate service provision activities. This is entirely understandable.

3.6. Inventory of Musicians

However, desk analysis of existing online sources, the survey returns and more detailed examination of some selected institutions has enabled the team to bring together in Appendix 1 an inventory of musicians for whom collections of letters are identified (a fuller collections inventory is supplied as a separate spreadsheet – see 4.1 below). In compiling this inventory the team was especially keen to represent the full range of different holding institution, going beyond the more obvious and well­documented public libraries and archives. Some collections were known to be uncatalogued, but available to researchers. In a few cases, however, we were also able to identify collections that were little known, or inaccessible. These are indicative of the challenges often faced by researchers in locating material related to 20 th century musicians and composers, where

11 letters are still often lodged with the recipient individual or body, rather than with a library or public archive. In order to understand these challenges more closely, the team also decided to conduct a survey of researchers by means of a questionnaire and by conducting structured interviews with musicians and others as well. The methodologies and results of these exercises are summarised in chapters 5 and 6 below.

3.7. Final report

Rupert Ridgewell undertook the compilation of the final report, and there were various discussions and revisions between the team members about the content and plan of the report, as contributions from all team members had to be shaped into one document in a timely manner.

3.7 Project timeframe

One of the lessons arising from the project management was that the nature of a project of this kind needs far more time than anticipated to spread the word to the relevant archives and collections, and to create a network of contacts. Publicising the project in professional journals requires a long lead­ time because of publication schedules, and planning time to arrange visits to archives which fit in around the team members’ day jobs also needs careful management , as does chasing would­be contributors who are similarly busy.

4. Holding institutions

4.1. Inventory of collections

The letters of 20 th century musicians are scattered in numerous types of institution, both public and private, throughout the UK and Ireland. The Inventory of collections of musicians’ letters lies at the heart of this scoping study and provides a starting­point for any subsequent research and documentation. The inventory is provided as a separate spreadsheet and covers a total of 110 holding institutions, with information drawn from the general survey, visits to particular institutions, and desk research. There are 1,930 entries for 1,550 musicians, composers, and corporate bodies associated with music and active in the 20 th and/or 21 st centuries. For ease of access, the inventory is presented here alphabetically by name of musician but the spreadsheet version can of course be sorted according to need and/or searched by keyword. In the case of mixed collections that have been indexed by name, there are multiple entries in the inventory

12 covering the same collection. The range of personal and corporate names is wide and encompasses composers, conductors, music clubs and societies, music critics, singers, music publishers, agents, artists’ executives, choreographers, instrumentalists, music teachers, recording engineers, orchestras, choral societies, impresarios, musicologists, editors, music administrators, ballet dancers, journalists and features editors, instrument makers, opera producers, collectors, sound engineers, songwriters, music patrons, government bodies, and music festivals. The inventory also gives some indication of the degree to which letters for particular individuals are scattered in different institutions: letters relating to Elgar, for example, are covered by eighteen entries from nine libraries and archives. But the majority of the musicians listed here are represented in only one institution, usually containing only a fragment of the full correspondence. This is, in a nutshell, the challenge faced by researchers in locating relevant material beyond the obvious public repositories, or within collections that are poorly documented.

While some institutions have been able to catalogue their archival collections to item level, a substantial number of collections have been catalogued only at a fairly low level of detail. In these cases the inventory can give only a broad indication of content. Equally, while we have identified a number of undocumented and, in some cases, largely or entirely unknown collections, much remains to be discovered, especially in the archives of private and commercial arts organisations. The inventory should therefore be regarded as indicative, rather than offering a comprehensive view of the field. In order to help to counteract these imbalances, and to explore issues associated with holdings in different sectors, the team identified a number of representative collections or institutions in several categories for exploration in more depth. The following discussion is therefore intended to distil the survey results and explore issues of access and description via a series of case studies (see 4.7 – 4.14 below). The studies examine the holdings of eight institutions that are impossible to represent fully in the inventory, or which do not make their holdings generally accessible, and which are representative of the issues concerning the preservation of letters in different sectors.

4.2. National libraries

The holdings of public institutions, including libraries, archives and museums, inevitably represent the core of the information collated in the inventory in the spreadsheet. These institutions have as part of their remit the obligation to make their holdings available to the public and catalogue their collections accordingly. The national libraries of Ireland, Scotland and Wales, together with the British Library, hold a critical mass of letters relating to musical life since 1900 and continue to add

13 to their music collections, through purchase and donation. Their holdings typically derive from the estates of composers and musicians, as well as archival collections from music­related bodies, and are often the first port of call for researchers. At the BL, records are available at item level, allowing users to search for individual letters and correspondents. The BL description normally gives the name and occupation of the letter writer and recipient, together with a date and brief summary of content. BL records form the backbone of the Inventory spreadsheet, accounting for about 75 percent of the entries overall.

4.3. University libraries

Archive collections are also found in many university libraries and often reflect a personal connection between a particular composer or musician and the university, or they consist of material relating to the university music society. Letters are often held not by the music library, but by the manuscripts department or special collections library. Thirty universities are represented in the inventory. Access to these collections varies greatly: although many of them have collection­ level descriptions on the National Register of Archives and related online portals, some libraries also maintain special finding aids for particular collections: Cambridge University Library, for example, holds typescript indexes of particular collections such as those for letters in the William Alwyn and Hans Keller archives. The letters database maintained by Leeds University Library is a simple, yet highly effective, tool that acts as the principal finding aid to the holdings of manuscript correspondence in the Library’s Special Collections, numbering over 80,000 letters in total, including many music­related items. 5 Users may search or browse names of authors and recipients, and by location, letter ‘category’, or free text. Each record typically includes a brief summary of the content of individual letters, or collections of letters, although many are simply identified by the date only. The inventory gives details of eight collections of letters held by the library, including the substantial collection of the music critic Herbert Thompson and material relating to the composers Elgar, Stanford, and Medtner.

4.4. Public libraries

Some public libraries also house significant collections, although the lack of specialist staff with responsibility for these collections no doubt helps to explain the low response to the collections survey from this sector. An example is the Edwin Evans collection held by Westminster Music

5 http://www.leeds.ac.uk/library/spcoll/letters/letintro.htm 14 Library, which is searchable on WESTCAT, the Westminster Archives’ online catalogue. 6 There are letters here from some 200 individuals and whilst the entry is too lengthy to reproduce, a sample of records for letters from E. J. Dent is given below, where each hyperlink leads to a slightly fuller description and a reference number for the record itself. 7

33 ­ Edward Dent (1867­1957), Professor of Music 1 ­ Letter from Edward Dent at 10 New Quebec Street, Marble Arch, London to Edwin Evans concerning ballet tickets 2 ­ Letter from Edward Dent at 10 New Quebec Street, Marble Arch, London to Edwin Evans requesting information 3 ­ Postcard from Edward Dent in Prague, Czechoslovakia to Edwin Evans concerning music festivals in Europe 4 ­ Letter from Edward Dent at 77 Panton Street, Cambridge to Edwin Evans concerning a forthcoming visit 5 ­ Letter from Edward Dent at the Evelyn Nursing Home, Trumpington Road, Cambridge letter to Edwin Evans concerning his health and social matters 6 ­ Letter from Edward Dent at Chapel Farm, St Leonards, Tring, Hertfordshire to Edwin Evans concerning his health and a meeting 7 ­ Letter from Edward Dent at 17 Cromwell Place, London to Harold Rutland concerning a concert performance for the BBC

The only other public library listed in the inventory is Cardiff Central Library, which has a collection of material relating to the opera singer Adelina Patti. The low representation of public libraries in the inventory may be explained partly by the low level of participation in the survey in this sector, but also by the fact that material is usually held by regional archives or by local studies collections rather than the music library.

4.5. Public archives and museums

Regional and local civic archives are well represented in the inventory, with collection­level records for 27 institutions altogether, many of them based on entries in overarching national portals, such as the A2A database and ARCHON. Museums and local studies collections, by contrast, tend not to be covered by such databases. It has therefore been impossible to fully represent the scope of material to be found in this type of institution in this report, even if there are certainly important collections to be found here. One of the most significant is the archive of the Arts Council of Great Britain held by the V&A Theatre Collection. Among other administrative documents, this collection contains letters from artists and companies seeking funding from the Arts Council, together with application forms giving detailed accounts of their achievements. Although an inventory of the archive is available online, 8 the collection is not fully processed or catalogued in

6 The letters themselves are available to consult at Westminster Archives. 7 The full Edwin Evans entry may be viewed at: http://www.calmview.eu/Westminster/CalmView/TreeBrowse.aspx?db=Catalog&field=RefNo&key=CML%2F1%2F1 %2F1 8 See http://www.vam.ac.uk/vastatic/wid/ead/acgb/acgbf.html. 15 any depth, so its contents are generally little known. While music­related records are included in the inventory (i.e. ACGB/49­51 series), they generally consist of quite basic access points, which means that requested material has to be checked for sensitive material before access is given to researchers. The collection is, however, potentially an important resource for musicologists and other researchers interested in post­war cultural life in Britain, and the V&A receives many requests for information about it, despite its relative inaccessibility. Most notable are the ACGB's music department records, which document the post­war history of public funding of music across the UK. A particular issue associated with this collection is the need to abide by Data Protection legislation, especially with regard to personal letters (and the addresses on them), which means that personal data is closed for some time until after an individual’s death.

4.6. Composer museums and trusts

The inventory includes records from three institutions devoted to single composers: Britten­Pears Library and the Elgar and Holst Museums. Collections are also to be found associated with various music trusts. The Delius Trust holds over 3,000 letters, of which about 70% were addressed to members of the Delius family, about 5% are letters written by Delius or his family, about 10% consists of other related autograph letters, and the remainder are copies. About 95% of the correspondence has been transcribed into typescript, and most of the non­English material (German, French, Danish/Norwegian) has been translated. Autographs have been photocopied to provide working copies. The collection is accessible by appointment. The website of the Delius Trust includes on its bibliography page various published volumes of Delius’ correspondence. 9 Much of the correspondence is now held by the University of Melbourne.

The RVW Trust does not hold any autograph material of the composer. Letters from musicians (usually applications for funding) are not systematically kept and most will be discarded in time. The archives are not accessible to the public. Ralph Vaughan Williams’ letters, of which over 3,300 are extant, have been catalogued and selected letters have been published. 10 The archives of the Butterworth Trust, which is now defunct, are for historic reasons held by the RVW Trust. There are a few letters from musicians including three from RVW. The collection is accessible by appointment.

9 http://www.delius.org.uk/index.htm. 10 Letters of Ralph Vaughan Williams 1895–1958, edited by Hugh Cobbe. OUP, 2010 16 4.7. Music Conservatoires

Case study 1: The Royal Academy of Music

Musicians are central to the life of a music conservatoire and one would therefore expect conservatoire collections to be important sources of correspondence and other related documentation. This is indeed the case with the Royal Academy of Music.

Background The Royal Academy of Music 11 was founded in 1822 and is Britain’s oldest conservatoire. Among its distinguished alumni are Dennis Brain, Dame Myra Hess, Annie Lennox, Sir Simon Rattle, Sir Arthur Sullivan and Sir Henry Wood, founder of the Promenade Concerts.

Musicians’ letters at the Academy At the Academy, letters are scattered in many different departments, comprising a mixture of research material in the special collections of the library, the museum, administrative working records, and institutional archives. Important correspondence associated with late 19 th and 20 th century musicians can be found in the archives of Sir Granville Bantock, Sir John Barbirolli, Harriet Cohen, Norman McCann (over 2,500 letters), Yehudi Menuhin, Priaulx Ranier, Sir Arthur Sullivan, and Sir Henry Wood (see Appendix 1 for further details).

Documentation There are approximately 8,000 letters documented online in the collections but an unknown number remain as hand lists or in card index form, such as those from Jacqueline du Pré.

The two web­based sources of information for letter collections at the Academy are the Museum’s Apollo database 12 and the Library online catalogue 13. Interesting examples of pre 20 th century collections include Meyerbeer’s correspondence with Lady Westmoreland and other figures important in the early history of the conservatoire, the Broadwood correspondence, featuring letters from T. Bohm to Broadwood concerning flutes; the Wilkinson letters between Clara Schumann and her doctor; and other letters in a file entitled ‘Letters from eminent musicians’, which includes letters from Crotch, Donizetti, Jenny Lind, Meyerbeer, Fanny Mendelssohn, Ambroise Thomas and Cosima Wagner; these are all individually catalogued on Apollo. There is also a card index of

11 http://www.ram.ac.uk 12 http://apollo.ram.ac.uk/emuweb/pages/ram/index.php 13 http://lib.ram.ac.uk/uhtbin/cgisirsi.exe/x/0/0/49 17 letters held in the library special collections, a portion of which has been transferred to the online catalogue.

A search for the keyword ‘letters’ on the Apollo database returns 1400 results – many from the collection of the agent Norman McCann, which was bequeathed to the RAM in 1999. Some of these records have digital images attached; some summarise or indicate the content of the letter; and others are very simple catalogue entries. The number of results does not reflect the number of letters held, as a whole archive may be described in one catalogue entry, such as that for ‘Priaulx Rainier, Letters 1960­1969’1 4, which contains over 1500 letters including an extensive correspondence with Michael Tippett. Such collection level records contain helpful information on the arrangement of the material and access conditions as well as background information on the subject of the archive. The Apollo website also has an introduction to some of its letters collections in a brief essay on its home page entitled ‘Collection Highlights ­ The working musician writes ...’1 5 and a more general overview of its collections.

Administrative departments may also have small amounts of correspondence, but working and administrative papers have not usually been archived. There is correspondence between John McEwen (a former principal of the RAM) and Tobias Matthay; historic archives of the Junior Academy; files relating to the many Prizes and Awards and scholarships; and files relating to the historical instruments collections. Many of these will include documents relating to musicians, but none are indexed although typed lists exist for some files. The RAM Guild holds honorands’ letters; these are the property of the Guild, which can be contacted via the RAM. Departments that might potentially have held interesting collections, such as the annual Composer Festival featuring the works of a living composer, do not appear to have musicians’ letters in any quantity among their files. These are working papers with no finding aids, although staff might be prepared to allow access to a bona fide researcher. The librarian of the RAM, Kathryn Adamson, has indicated that there may be small collections of letters in any of the administrative departments, but it has not been feasible to contact each administrator individually to establish whether they still have any letters in their files, and there is, at present, no institutional procedure for archiving this sort of material.

14 http://apollo.ram.ac.uk/emuweb/pages/ram/display.php?irn=26727 15 See http://apollo.ram.ac.uk/emuweb/pages/ram/index.php. 18 4.8. Broadcasting institutions

Case Study 2: BBC written archives at Caversham

Background The BBC has a long history of promoting music via radio and TV since its foundation in 1922, including the management of several orchestras and the promotion of concerts, such as the BBC Proms. The BBC Written Archives 16 maintains a comprehensive archive of administrative papers and it is still very much a working archive for the institution, rather than simply a library of historic documents. Papers are made available to the public up to and including 1979 (this date is currently under review); post 1979 material which is in the public domain, such as scripts and publications, can be viewed, but internal files from 1980 onward are closed for external research. Earlier files may also be withheld at the discretion of the BBC. Access to material post­1980 is not normally possible, but a researcher may apply to the archive for permission to see later documents. Electronic archiving is not the responsibility of the Written Archives department, but is the domain of Records Management, and is at this stage not available for external research as records would still be too recent. The BBC is partially covered by the Freedom of Information Act, although with a derogation for material relating to art, journalism and literature.

Musicians’ letters at the BBC The BBC has, of course, been associated with virtually every musician of note in the twentieth century through its broadcasting activities and has also employed many prominent musicians both in its orchestras and music staff.

Documentation There is, as one would expect, no online catalogue of material at the written archives. There are several series of papers in the BBC Written Archives that contain substantial caches of musicians’ letters. At first, the arrangement of files may appear challenging to the outside researcher, as they reflect the structure of the organisation and are the working files of the various departments. Thus correspondence with one musician may be spread across a number of departments and files. The researcher should also note that copyright in the documents at the BBC Written Archives Centre will frequently belong to the writer and not to the BBC.

Radio archive files For the music researcher, the most important set of files is probably the radio archives from 1922 to 1962, known as Radio Contributor series 1 (RCONT1). RCONT1 has a manual alphabetical index

16 http://www.bbc.co.uk/historyofthebbc/contacts/wac.shtml 19 of contributors to radio programmes (the index, housed in the reading room at the archives, comprises 18 folders of A4 typescript sheets). The contributors are coded as artist/composer/talks/scriptwriters etc. There are entries for music copyists among them. The index indicates the number of files relevant to the individual and the dates covered by them. There is also a code for ‘source’, which indicates other documents listing sources of information relating to the contributor, e.g. Lorin Maazel, classed as ‘artist’ (1 file, 1955­1962); and Miss Priaulx Rainier, classed as ‘composer’ (1 file, 1941­1962). Occasionally all material from the various registry files relating to an individual is gathered into one place (except the copyright files which are held separately), coded ‘910’, e.g. R.V. Williams, 2 files 1930­1957, and 4 additional files coded as composer, 1928­1952, which include letters about performers, performance times, programming, and letters from publishers, etc. Some index entries note the date of the last (most recent) piece of correspondence in the file.

Following RCONT1 is the next series, RCONT12, which covers the same subjects from the period 1963 to 1972. RCONT15 similarly covers 1973 to 1982 and there are further files for subsequent dates for material not yet available to the public. In addition to the RCONT1 and RCONT12 files, which are for contributors with at least a file of relevant papers, there are also ‘clumps’ files which include smaller numbers of papers for several programme contributors (artists, composers, scriptwriters, music publishers, music copyists and others) grouped together. These are NOT indexed, but are arranged in alphabetical sequences within each category. To ascertain whether any information relating to a musician is to be found there, the reader must ask the archives staff for a specific name and they will search the relevant files, which are all held on closed access. These include administrative papers such as letters of contract for BBC orchestral players and notes on their auditions.

An example: Sir Thomas Beecham Letters relating to the conductor Sir Thomas Beecham may be found in the following files:

• 2 artist files 1949­1950, 1951­2 (file includes a programme from Royal Albert Hall, May 17). Here, almost all the letters are from the BBC to Beecham, relating to concert dates or permissions to distribute a recording to other broadcasters. There are extensive lists of recordings and performers, contracts and fees. There are several copies of letters from Beecham including very sharp exchanges regarding Beecham and the performance of a new work in December 1951. There are also Beecham’s comments regarding programme content, performers and timings, and lists of his programmes.

20 • 2 artist files 1953­1967 ­ these also include copies of letters (originals may have been removed for preservation and security) – including a letter of 25 March 1953 to arrange a rehearsal, where the letter from the BBC includes the line ‘the idea of starting anything at 10 in the morning is always rather frightening’.

• TV artists’ files (see below)

Other Radio Contributor files include the Music Publisher files (RCONT8). Among these papers are letters from the Workers’ Music Association in 1939, offering songs of ‘appropriate national sentiment’ for the BBC to broadcast, including ‘democratic’ music such as Britten’s ‘Ballad of Heroes’. Alan Bush was the Chair of the Executive of the WMA at this time. Even the Contributor files ‘Gramophone recitals 1922­62’ (RCONT9) reveal musicians’ letters; there are seven manuscript and several typescript letters from John Ireland to Anna Instone and Julian Herbage about various programmes being presented by the composer.

Music: general files The series of files under the heading Music: general (R27) includes a wide variety of papers relating to broadcasts, with various subsets, such as competitions and festivals, commissions, music for worship, concert series, and individuals. There are a few musicians’ letters, for example R27/98, which is a file of correspondence with Gerald Finzi, regarding the broadcast performances of works by Parry and Stanley, among others, and Finzi’s comments on the works. The file also contains correspondence between Finzi and Denis Stevens regarding Finzi’s preparation of editions of the Stanley works. Another example is the file for the musicologist Otto Eric Deutsch (R27/81 and R27/750), which contains a letter to Bliss annotated by the composer, regarding new works by Schubert, and correspondence with Lennox Berkeley. The general files include the intriguingly labelled ‘Alien composers’ files (R27/3), which proved to be seven files from 1939­1950 relating to works of foreign composers, and there are ten files relating to ‘commissioned works’.

Other radio files of interest The Radio Contributor files may be the major source for the researcher, but there are other files that may also be of interest and contain relevant information, such as the Music copyists’ file (R77). Interval talks are not likely to be indexed as there is rarely a contract for these. However, there is a file of Talks (R51), covering more significant talks on music, and the Radio contributor ‘clumps’ files RCONT3 also include arrangements for broadcast talks 1922­1962, which include talks on

21 music. The Concert files (R79) deal mostly with logistics for concerts. The BBC Written Archives do keep records of the External Services, although these are not as broad as those for the Domestic Services.

Television files As well as the Radio files, there are TV files which include material relating to musicians as artists from 1936 to the present. These are similarly arranged, with individuals’ files and ‘clump’ files for those contributors with less paperwork in the records.

4.9. Music publishers

Case Study 3: Oxford University Press

Background The Oxford University Press 17 was established in the 15 th century and its archives encompass its history from its inception. The Press started to publish music early in the 20 th century and the archives cover the full period of its publishing history. The archives 18 are arranged to support the business of the publisher and not primarily for research. They are available to the public for bona fide research, subject to a general ‘30 year rule’ for the most recent material, and other files may also be withheld at the discretion of the archivist of OUP.

Musicians’ letters at OUP The Music Department records go back to 1923 and since that time, the press has published the works of many eminent composers including William Walton, Vaughan Williams, Alan Rawsthorne, John Rutter and Constant Lambert.

Documentation As a business archive, the material is arranged according to publication, so that all documents relating to a particular work, series or anthology will be kept together in a single file or set of files; for example, there is a file for Walton’s Belshazzar’s Feast, and another for the anthology Tudor Church Music. There is a card index to allow staff to retrieve files which are now stored in a numerical sequence. Each publication file includes a variety of material; original correspondence from the composer, librettist, editor and others to the publishing house, proof corrections,

17 http://global.oup.com/about/introduction?cc=gb 18 http://www.oup.com/uk/archives/index.html?cc=gb 22 documents relating to first performances and other material. The contracts between the publisher and composer are kept separately and are not normally available to the public.

There are no statistics relating to the size of the archive, but a conservative estimate from the Head of Music is that OUP holds in excess of 50,000 editorial files relating to music, nearly all of which would contain at least one letter of communication from a musician (namely, the composer), and many files would contain letters from more than one musician. The type of publication would ultimately determine the nature of the file contents:

Single work Files for a musical work would typically contain letters from the composer, and possibly from the first conductor, and, depending on the profile of the work, letters from musicians who had subsequently performed the work, or recorded it. The files also often contains letters from critics (such as Felix Aprahamian), musicologists and researchers, and educators (all of which could arguably be classed as ‘letters from musicians’).

Anthology Files for an anthology may contain letters from many composers (as many composers are there are contributors to the anthology), and advisers in academic institutions (such as David Willcocks, when he was at the Royal College of Music) who may have been asked to give their opinions on works being selected for inclusion.

The only access point for a particular file, from the in­house catalogue, is via the composer and work, so there are large numbers of letters which will only be found by preliminary research into possible involvement in a work; for example, a quick look at the file for Walton’s Belshazzar’s Feast for the years 1937­1940 revealed correspondence from Walton and from Osbert Sitwell, the librettist, but also from Sir Malcolm Sargent, among others. High profile works which received multiple performances, recordings, and broadcasts early on in their lives, such as Belshazzar’s Feast, will be richer in material than other files, where more typically the correspondence would simply be between OUP, the composer, and the commissioner/first performer (if any). Similarly the anthologies, tutors and other series are filed by their title and there will not be any way of knowing from the archive which composers are represented within these files. The Head of Music and the OUP archivist will answer enquiries and facilitate access but they are unable to undertake research on behalf of individuals. Information about using the archives is available at http://www.oup.com/uk/archives/6.html.

23 4.10. Music festivals

Case Study 4: Cheltenham Music Festival 19

Background Festivals represent an important component of twentieth­ and twenty­first century musical life from large­scale operations such as Aldeburgh and Edinburgh to more modest initiatives such as Garsington. The Cheltenham Music Festival was established in 1945 and is best­known for its championship of contemporary music. The first concert saw Benjamin Britten conduct the first concert performance of Four Sea Interludes, and since then composers such as Peter Maxwell Davies, Alun Hoddinott, Arthur Bliss and Lennox Berkeley have all had works premiered at Cheltenham. The Festival currently spans two weeks of concerts held in a number of different venues in the town and surrounding area during July.

Archival records The Festival does not hold an official archive and existing materials are spread over a number of locations. The bulk of the collection is stored in Cheltenham Town Hall basement and consists of the working materials of administration of the festival such as box office reports, sponsor and funding information, contracts and publicity materials, and correspondence with those involved. As yet, this is not documented formally, but the majority of these materials date back to the 1970s. It was not possible to establish the existence of earlier records. It should be noted that for many years the festival was run by a team employed by the Cheltenham Borough Council, before Cheltenham Festivals was established as an independent charity and company, hence the use of storage at a council venue.

In terms of the more recent material (2008 onwards), which remains in the current office space, a relatively small amount of paper correspondence exists. The vast majority of routine official correspondence with musicians and composers now takes place by email (contracts being the only real exception). Any personal correspondence that may relate to the festival is likely to be in private hands. The handwritten, ‘thank­you’ type letters that may be located in the offices, tend to have been left attached to scores, and the compilation of a database of the scores held by the festival is in progress, along with notes indicating when a letter remains attached.

The Music Festival Society (a supporters group established in the 1960s) has been approached regarding any archive collections they know of, but to date no information has been forthcoming.

19 It should be noted that Cheltenham Music Festival is now part of the larger organisation ‘Cheltenham Festivals’ (covering the Jazz, Science, Music and Literature festivals). 24 The majority of the Society’s archive is held by a former ‘festival organiser’ of the Cheltenham International Music Festival, with a few items held by the current Chairman. It has been suggested that the County Records Office may hold some materials, but nothing is immediately apparent in their catalogues. Another possible source of correspondence with musicians appearing at the festival would be long­term patrons of the festival who commonly host lunches with the artists in the concert(s) they sponsor, which in turn often result in written exchanges of thanks after the festival. Details of sponsorship from at least some of the past years remain in the Town Hall basement, and these sources could be followed up. The music festival team has begun discussing the possibility of seeking funding to invite a researcher to investigate further the whereabouts of earlier materials, particularly those associated with the many premieres given. It is highly probable that there will be letters from the Festival in the archives of composers of these commissioned works.

With regard to email correspondence, the Festival has full email archives dating from 2006 onwards. These have been archived using Microsoft Outlook. Space limitations and a ‘greenshoots’ policy in the organisation at present discourage the printing of emails, and so the bulk of correspondence today is digital.

Access The Festival team will happily, in principle, grant access to paper collections at the Town Hall, but access needs to be agreed with the Town Hall’s management, and it is likely that this would only be practicable if a long­term research relationship was being established with the festival. All data stored digitally is held on council servers, which require a user login. While it is likely that access could be negotiated and agreed with the council, it may be that this digital correspondence could only be accessed in­house once a researcher had been assigned a login and the relevant permissions. While possible, the time and cost of this may well ultimately make the digital archive a restricted artefact. The company has recently begun looking into funding streams that would allow the digitisation of materials (beginning with fragile tape­recording of music and literature events, but moving onto paper archives if possible) to be accessible via the website, possibly held behind a paywall.

With more recent materials, there are obviously items that are commercially sensitive (details of funding, sponsorship, fee arrangements and even artist feedback) where access would be restricted. In the case of living artists or composers where a coherent stream of letters or emails exists and was requested, it is likely that the festival would ask the researcher to investigate obtaining the permission of the subjects of study in the first instance. In terms of navigating more recent 25 materials, emails, papers and word documents are all filed by folders relating to single events at the festival. Coupled with a complete programme book and brochure collection, there is a fairly straightforward way of cross­checking where the correspondence with any given composer or performer would be, should it exist. Files are archived year­on­year (leaving four years immediately accessible) using the same folder structures. Enquiries about anything contained within recent files would most probably have to be filtered by current staff. While they do provide answers to enquiries on an occasional basis (a recent example was providing details of performances to the CBSO), staffing levels and a busy festival calendar make this at best a limited resource.

Conclusion As will be clear from the outline above, the collection is widely dispersed. Although there is a wish within the organisation to identify, document and archive these materials, resources are not available to do so, and so the future of the collection remains uncertain. Similarly, while it is highly likely that more extensive archives exist in various locations and collections, there is presently no person or organisation actively seeking them, and the chances of locating these resources grows smaller as the legacy of knowledge diminishes. There is no obvious place in Cheltenham for the collection to be housed as a resource for researchers (the Holst museum does not have sufficient storage space), although given the heritage and colourful history of the festival, it seems highly likely that the festival would consider housing the archive with an interested party that was able to preserve and explore the collection.

4.11. Charitable foundations

Case Study 5: Royal Society of Musicians

Background The Royal Society of Musicians 20 was established in 1738 and is Britain’s oldest established musical charity. Its aim is to provide assistance for those working in the music profession and their dependants when in need through accident, illness or old age.

Musicians’ letters at the RSM The Archive Musicians’ letters at the Royal Society of Musicians can be found in its archive and in a separate collection of printed and manuscript materials. The archive includes a membership file for every member of the RSM from around 1800, comprising an application with the signatures of three

20 http://www.royalsocietyofmusicians.co.uk/About­Us.html 26 sponsors, and occasionally letters of recommendation (or otherwise) from other musicians, and letters from the individual member. There are also occasionally letters among the minute books of the Society. Access is subject to a one hundred year rule, at the archivist’s discretion, since members’ files include medical records and other personal details. The archivist may consult an individual member or remove items from a file before access is allowed; if items are removed the researcher will be told they do not have access to the whole file. Membership files are arranged in order of membership number; there is no catalogue or remote access to the collection. The archivist can supply information and scans of papers. There are also files relating to non­members applying for assistance; these are generally more recent and would not normally be accessible to the public.

The RSM collection The RSM collection (as distinct from the Archive) is made up of gifts from members. It includes single letters from Stravinsky and Kodály, and an album formerly belonging to Thyra Lange, which includes letters from various musicians of the 19 th century. This collection is currently being catalogued onto an internal database. There are packets of 19 th century correspondence covering about ten feet of shelf space, which is unknown and unsorted and includes administrative papers of the RSM and many applications to the Society. This may be a remnant of a larger archive that no longer exists, as material survives only for certain years. There are also some papers and correspondence relating to the Royal Society of Female Musicians, which merged with the RSM, although this is not a complete archive. None of the archival material or letters is available in electronic format; some are now searchable online 21 but the cataloguing is a work in progress and only a small proportion of the collection is online at present. Enquiries should be addressed to the Archivist and visits are by appointment.

4.12. Orchestras and ensembles

Case Study 6: London Symphony Orchestra

Background Several major orchestras in the UK maintain designated archives of historic material, including recordings, programmes and correspondence: these notably include the Hallé Orchestra 22, the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra and the London Symphony Orchestra.

21 http://www.royalsocietyofmusicians.co.uk/Archive­Cat.html 22 http://www.halle.co.uk/archives.aspx 27 The LSO 23 is London’s oldest orchestra, founded in 1904, and was the first self­governing orchestra in the UK. It has worked with most of the world’s most renowned musicians and its distinguished principal conductors have included Hans Richter, Edward Elgar, Hamilton Harty, István Kertész, Michael Tilson Thomas and Colin Davis.

Musicians’ letters at the LSO The archive of the London Symphony Orchestra includes files for the orchestra’s players and artists, and any letters to or from them are stored there. There are no finding aids for these files, but they are stored alphabetically and a majority are housed at the Barbican Centre, although a couple of boxes of older material are with an external storage company. The files date back to about the 1960s; there is very little correspondence in the archive from before that time. The archive also contains substantial numbers of files relating to the LSO generally, including many concert and tour files that may also contain correspondence from soloists/conductors. A separate series of files contains historic or important letters from members of the orchestra, conductors, soloists, composers, royalty, and government, etc. dating from the 1940s onwards. The archive also houses a significant and uncatalogued collection of letters from Sir Arthur Bliss. Correspondence was, and still is, collected principally for administrative purposes, rather than for its historical value. As a consequence, a great deal of such ‘filing’ was discarded in the 1960s as there was no storage space in the LSO office at the time. Nowadays the LSO Archivist actively seeks to maintain the collection and add to it where possible. Email correspondence is stored electronically, although copies of important messages are printed and filed. The Concerts Department also tends to print and file email messages. Access to the archives is by appointment with the archivist.

4.13. Concert venues

Case Study 7: Royal Festival Hall

Background Performance venues represent another obvious source of correspondence, although very few of them keep official archives for research or posterity and material is often not actively preserved or collected. The Royal Festival Hall 24 was opened as part of the Festival of Britain celebrations in 1951 and quickly established itself as one of London’s premier concert venues.

Musicians’ letters at the RFH

23 http://lso.co.uk/page/3153/About­the­LSO­Archive 24 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Festival_Hall 28 While it does not maintain a discrete collection of letters relating to musicians, letters are to be found in various locations within the Hall’s archive. The archive consists of 1100 boxes of material from 1948 up to 2005, but there is currently no finding aid and it is impossible to estimate the number of letters held. The archive did not actively collect material until 1993, so there is a gap between 1951 and 1970s (records from the 70s were still in existence in the 90s so were gathered together). There is however almost a perfect run of concert programmes. A box list and various handlists of groups of records have been made over the years, e.g. audio/photographs, but these are not up­to­date. Of the 1100 boxes, approximately 20% derive from the Artistic Programming department, which is the most likely place to find letters relating to musicians. The collection (or at least certain parts of it) will be available to researchers in some way in the future – this may be digitally. It may have to be opened in stages as smaller collections are catalogued etc. A records management exercise was due to take place in 2011 to identify archival records in each department. This will inform appraisal methods of the existing backlog of records and for collecting letters and emails to add to the archive in the future.

4.14. Recording companies

Case Study 8: EMI Archive

Background The advent of commercial recording and broadcasting (both audio and film) in the twentieth century gave musicians access to a much wider audience of listeners, whilst also providing a new income stream. The artistic and financial aspects of recording, viewed in relation to the development of recording technology and modes of distribution, is a burgeoning topic of research, made possible by the preservation of the archives of a major company like EMI. Electric Musical Industries Ltd was formed in 1931 as the result of a merger between the Columbia Recording Company and the Gramophone Company. Since then, it has worked with the widest range of musicians in all musical genres.

Musicians’ letters and EMI The EMI Archive holds correspondence relating to all its artists from the foundation of the company in 1931 onwards. These are stored alphabetically by name of artist and each file includes related material, such as contracts and session schedules. There are no finding aids for this collection, which extends to several hundred metres of shelf space. Researchers should assume that the archive holds material related to any of the firm’s contracted artists and request the relevant files accordingly (see also the interview with Michael Ponder below, section 6.4). Any pre­1945

29 material now belongs to the EMI Archive Trust, which makes them available to researchers at the archive’s purpose­built storage facility in Hayes. 25 Permission to consult later files, which may contain personal and commercially sensitive documents, resides with EMI and requests are dealt with on a case­by­case basis. Because of the arrangement of the files, with pre­ and post­1945 material being stored together, files sometimes have to be filtered by archive staff before being made available to researchers. This material is also still ‘current’ from an administrative point of view, perhaps especially with respect to reissues – the publication of material in the firm’s audio archive – where contractual rights and royalty entitlements in the original recording have to be established.

4.15. Other holding institutions

Other bodies represented in the inventory demonstrate various aspects of the music business and the wide range of contexts in which music is performed. They include art galleries, churches and cathedrals, country houses, and the Guardian newspaper. One might equally anticipate finding caches of letters in the archives of artists’ agents, musical tour companies (e.g. Martin Randall), instrument makers, accountants, film and theatre companies, music clubs and societies, music competitions (e.g. the Leeds International Music Competition), learned societies, livery companies (e.g. the Worshipful Company of Musicians), trade unions (e.g. the Musicians Union), schools and other educational establishments, embassies, and government departments.

5. Survey of researchers

The aim of the Researchers’ Questionnaire was ultimately to gain a sense of who is using musicians’ letters, how and why. It was also desirable to try to determine how accessible researchers find musicians’ letters as a resource and to canvass their view on what can be done, if anything, to improve access. In order to reach as many researchers as possible the questionnaire was distributed via the mailing lists of JISC 26, NABMSA 27 and the RMA 28. The researchers were given just less than two months in which to complete the questionnaire and return it for analysis. Given below is a summary of the answers given in the 25 responses received.

25 http://www.emiarchivetrust.org/ 26 http://www.jisc.ac.uk 27 http://nabmsa.org/ 28 http://www.rma.ac.uk 30 1. What is your research area? The research areas of those who completed the questionnaires are mainly in the area of specific composer editions and biographies. In addition, some research areas cover specific time periods (such as British musical life, 1870­1945) whilst others combine that with specific geographical areas (such as Scottish music, 1830­1950). There are also those who are researching a particular ruling power or cultural phenomenon (such as ‘music banned by the Third Reich between 1933 and 1945’) those who are looking at a particular genre (such as musical theatre) and those who are looking at music criticism.

2. How do you use musicians’ letters in your research (e.g. as primary sources, to check facts, to identify the subject’s family/colleagues, to find opinion)? Most researchers stated that they use musicians’ letters as primary sources. More specifically, they are used for factual information such as biography and musical analysis, to establish dates, timelines and situations, to verify other source data, and for wider information on contexts.

In addition, many researchers use musicians’ letters to find opinion and uncover attitudes and ideas – to ‘get in the mind’ of the musician. More specifically, they are used to gain an insight into a musician’s personality through their habits, views and influences, to learn about the musician’s relationships, to research compositional processes, and to discover musicians’ opinions on works and performances.

Overall they are used as sources for information unavailable elsewhere. As one researcher stated, ‘Letters offer a wormhole into a period that we look back on with hindsight. Letters offer a view from the front­line without the benefit of hindsight’.

3. What are the benefits of using letter collections? Researchers stated that the main benefit of using letter collections is that they provide primary contemporary information, untainted by later analysis – a ‘you are there’ point of view. They are beneficial for showing musicians’ immediate, fresh, and personal opinions – they provide an insight into the private thoughts of musicians. Others stated that they offer an insight into the music itself, such as evidence of potential metaphorical meanings, and they give valuable insights into the process of composition and musical judgement.

Many researchers stated that one of the great benefits of the use of musicians’ letters is that they contain information that is not available elsewhere. They are invaluable for musicians whose 31 careers are not well documented, and reveal aspects of musicians’ personalities that would not otherwise be accessible. In addition, they often contain data that may contradict ‘received wisdom’. As one researcher stated, musicians’ letters ‘offer a window into the mind of the composer’.

4. Did you find the letters before or after you made your decision to research the topic? While some of the researchers said that they found the letters before they made their decision to research the topic, the majority found them after.

5. How aware were/are you of what letter collections are out there? Many researchers simply stated that they were either, ‘fairly aware’, or ‘not as aware as I should be’. Some stated that they were aware of published collections and those held in the larger libraries; they were often dependent upon repositories making their holdings known. Some stated that it was hard to track collections down, although recent online projects tasked at documenting, analysing and displaying letters online has considerably aided awareness of significant collections. One researcher stated that they are very aware of what collections are out there, and are more aware of ‘how poorly they are maintained’. Another stated that the use of musicians’ letters in research is ‘an ongoing process of discovery’.

6. How did you find the collections of letters you have used? The most frequent answer to this question was, ‘by direct searching in libraries and library catalogues’, by word of mouth, and by the use of published collections. Others stated that they used the footnotes and bibliographies of secondary literature as a source. Many stated that the Internet was increasingly playing an important role in this area. The use of websites such as Cecilia, The National Archives, the Dictionary of National Biography, the British Library Manuscripts Online Catalogue, and a general Google search was frequently mentioned. Again, private collections were cited as being more difficult to locate. In this instance researchers attempted to gain information from a musician’s estate, to track down relatives of the subject, to interview subjects, and simply to trawl through a collection. Other means of locating sources mentioned were contacting particular institutions, such as orchestras and publishing houses, being a subscriber to auction­house lists, and the use of eBay.

Despite all the finding aids mentioned above, some researchers stated that locating the sources was still ultimately down to ‘looking in the right places’, ‘intuition’, and ‘happy chance’.

7. How easy was it to find them?

32 Many researchers stated that the task of locating musicians’ letters is less labour­intensive today because of better search engines and more information online. However, others suggested that, whilst over the past ten years it has become easier, it is still by no means easy since many are often contained within other collections and almost never discoverable via search engines. Not surprisingly, the general consensus seems to be that public collections held in libraries and similar institutions are relatively easy to find and use, but letters held in private collections are much more difficult to find and access. As one researcher stated, ‘it is always the case of being a tenacious detective’.

8. Did you contact private collections as well as public? Out of the 25 questionnaires completed, only four of the researchers had not used private collections in their research.

9. What obstacles are there in using letter collections and how can this be improved? One of the main obstacles for researchers seems to be uncatalogued items and the lack of detailed cataloguing; one researcher stated that libraries ‘don’t take [letter] collections seriously’. Once again, the subject of private collections and the difficulty of locating letters within them was raised as an important issue. In addition, not all private collectors are keen to make their material available for the use of researchers, and gaining permission to publish the letters is also an obstacle as copyright laws often prevent use without permission from estates. Researchers also sometimes encounter an archival concern regarding the use of original letters, which often results in restricted access. In addition, a number of researchers stated that one of the greatest obstacles when using original manuscripts is the difficulty of reading the handwriting. Further obstacles stated in response to this question include the difficulty of obtaining copies of letters and the cost thereof, and the cumbersome and expensive nature of inter­library loans.

In order to improve the use of letter collections, many researchers referred to digitisation to make the content available online and help reduce the handling of original documents. A number mentioned the transcription and translation of handwritten letters, again to reduce handling, but also to aid in the understanding of the document. One researcher stated, ‘I wish there were grants available to specifically fund the translation of letters for publication. This would assist future scholars’. Other researchers spoke of the need for better indexing of letters, better catalogues, and online access to those catalogues. One suggested, ‘A better method of cataloguing would assist in finding information about collections (including names of recipients, dates, postmarks, etc.)’. One further suggestion was a drive to encourage private individuals to donate their letters to publicly accessible repositories. 33 A database of letter collections was also mentioned by some respondents as a desirable project. As one researcher stated, ‘an on­going database of musician’s letters and where to find them would be very useful’. Another suggestion was an umbrella site, to which holding libraries and archives could contribute (something like abebooks which allows searches of hundreds of independent booksellers).

10. Any further comments? Very few of the researchers completed this section. Those who did used it as a means of promoting the use of musicians’ letters and of stressing their importance in research. They state that musicians’ letters are an invaluable source of information for many different topics and areas of study. Comments such as: ‘It’s very powerful, handling the original documents’; ‘I regard musicians’ and other letters as a crucial source of information and insight’; and ‘I love using letters, not just because they are fabulous repositories of information, but because one can feel as if they understand the composer just a bit more personally’, are indicative.

6. Structured interviews with musicians

6.1. Participants

Interviews were conducted with a representative cross­section of people currently working in music (predominantly classical) in the UK, to assess how current musicians archive their correspondence and their views of how any researchers now or in the future might access their letters. Fifteen interviews were conducted with the following individuals:

Alison Porter (General Manager, The Opera Group) John McCabe (composer and pianist) Colin Currie (percussionist) Hannah Kendall (composer and administrator, London Music Masters) Huw Watkins (composer and pianist) James Bowman (countertenor) David Hatcher (viola da gamba, accompanist, conductor) Michael Hooper (researcher, York University Music Press, mandolin player) Sally Groves (Director, Schott Music, London)

34 Anthony Powers (composer) Hugh Wood (composer) Ian Mylett (administrator, Schott Music) Michael Ponder (freelance record producer for various companies) Stephen McNeff (composer) George Vass (conductor, festival director)

6.2. Roles

It is immediately apparent that many of the interviewees do not fit easily into a single category of musical activity: Sally Groves was interviewed as Director of Schott Music, London, but included information on her activities as a board member of various other organisations; composer Hannah Kendall also works as an administrator for London Music Masters; George Vass was approached in his capacity as Presteigne Festival Director but also spoke of his conducting activities; John McCabe and Huw Watkins are both composer­performers who spoke differently about correspondence relating to these two activities; and Michael Hooper, who was interviewed for a researcher’s perspective, also spoke of his role at the University of York Press and their collection.

This crossover is unsurprising and reflects the varied roles of musicians today, and a range of attitudes emerged regarding how the correspondence of one person could be split between organisations and private collections. While some, such as Sally Groves, regard all correspondence conducted in work time as the property of Schott Music, others make much clearer divisions between correspondence written while conducting activities on behalf of an employer and when acting as a freelancer, even if that work is in some way associated with institutional/organisational employment. There are several examples in these interviews of correspondences that begin formally and develop into friendships, and that over time, some correspondence may be perceived differently by the subjects as these relationships develop.

The interviewees were asked to consider various aspects of their correspondence, including content and format, access, retention and legacy.

6.3. Content and format

Those working in administration for music institutions such as publishers, performance companies or festivals noted that their correspondence was mostly by email. Alison Porter (The Opera Group)

35 stated that correspondence routinely retained related to funding and contracts, and several interviewees remarked that many artistic decisions are made in verbal communication and not recorded in writing. Some organisations have a policy of archiving electronic correspondence but many do not, so correspondence is not preserved; however Alison Porter suggested that the nature of email meant that correspondents might express themselves more freely than in a paper document and thus they might be more revealing.

Hannah Kendall noted that as administrator for London Music Masters she has correspondence relating to a commission by the scheme, discussing the work with the composer and soloist, and noted that much of the discussion had been generated by the need to explain the work in funding applications. Hannah also remarked that much artistic discussion takes place verbally, and media such as Facebook and texting are also used for sharing information, although little, if any, of this will be preserved.

Sally Groves explained that the Schott Music archives of letters were moved from London to Mainz during an office refurbishment, but have probably not been catalogued. Individual staff members may have disposed of personal letters from composers when they left the company. Current materials include letters with corrections and details of commissions, although many of these are by email and may not be retained. However, editors are more likely to have musically­related correspondence with composers, which may be of more interest to the researcher, and much of this is never seen by the publisher.

Composers and performers offered various responses; some kept ‘only important letters’, others kept everything but rarely in any organised archive, and in general letters were kept for personal reasons rather than with a concept of creating an archive. John McCabe keeps letters from colleagues and ‘celebrity fans’, and from individuals relating to commissions, but not from organisations. However, he noted that he has destroyed anything ‘that might be regarded as indiscreet’, as well as ‘rude and inflammatory’ letters and faxes. McCabe’s collection includes a letter from Britten, to whom he had written asking if he could spread two chords in the Notturno; John has since recorded this work with the letter reproduced in the liner notes; two letters from Alan Rawsthorne and ‘reams’ of letters from Alwyn. He felt that Alwyn was writing ‘for posterity’ and obviously kept copies of all the letters he sent, and he regretted the probable loss of a letter concerning the model of Alwyn’s fifth symphony, which said that John’s second symphony had ‘shown him the way to write his fifth and that was why it was in one movement’. McCabe also has letters bought for him as gifts; letters from Sir Henry Wood and a letter from Dukas.

36 Huw Watkins corresponds mainly by email, and notes that computers break and emails are lost, although in an ideal world he would keep them all. He has paper correspondence from Alexander Goehr, Hugh Wood and Oliver Knussen, sent after performances, and correspondence from Robin Holloway with commentary on the back of a music setting; Holloway would often write letters on the back of old sketches. Hugh Wood, by contrast, keeps letters of all types ‘like mad’ – ‘the trivial, important, business and self­indulgent’. They are kept systematically in labelled box files and include a copy of all letters sent as well as received. His correspondence with his publishers is kept separately and the routine letters will be thrown away. He does not use email, and considers that letters ‘are a way of sorting out serious thoughts’ about music and other important ideas.

Stephen McNeff has correspondence from the 1970s and keeps all paperwork archived. His more interesting correspondence is mostly with writers, as he has composed many pieces for theatre, and he feels that writers place more importance on letters than composers do (mentioning correspondence with Charles Causley and with John Hegley as examples), as well as correspondence with performers. Colin Currie keeps letters, especially relating to commissions he has made, and has in his collection letters from Louis Andriessen, Alexander Goehr and Kurt Schwertsik. He is less concerned with keeping emails, although he has ‘prized’ emails, e.g. from Steve Reich. Examples of important letters include correspondence with Michael Torke regarding note changes and inspiration in his concerto; correspondence with Kalevi Aho throughout the compositional process of his concerto, and a series from Elliott Carter, who at the time of interview had just written Conversations for Colin and who had emailed Colin ‘a phrase a day’ to check out tricky passages.

6.4. Access, retention and legacy

Alison Porter and Hannah Kendall were unsure about access, as much of their material is confidential and financial information. Requests would be decided on a case­by­case basis. Alison Porter felt that the conversation had prompted her to consider the historical value of correspondence; she was in any case reluctant to delete email, not because of any inherent heritage value, but because she felt they were useful. George Vass keeps all correspondence from supporters of the Presteigne Festival, as it is useful for fundraising. He keeps ‘important’ emails relating to commissions and performances, and his collection includes a letter from William Walton about Façade and letters from all the composers­in­residence at the Festival.He has not considered his legacy, although at present he would allow access to ‘edited highlights’ of his collection.

37 Sally Groves stated that at Schott Music, once materials have been filed they will not be thrown away. After a composer’s death letters will be kept, and access would be granted to materials relating to these composers. Living composers would be consulted before access was granted; many of the files will relate to business rather than artistic discussions. Ian Mylett from Schott Music noted that letters with performance notes are sometimes attached to the proof music manuscript and retained with the musical score. Michael Ponder said that recording companies routinely destroy correspondence other than business contracts, due to the quantity of material produced, and there would be no documentation relating to recording and production processes in their archives (but see Case Study 8 at 4.14 above).

Many composers and performers expected their agents to keep materials relating to commissions and performances, and several respondents felt that their agents would be responsible for arranging access to these ‘business’ files. Similarly those who had worked as composers­in­residence or on similar projects felt that the institution would hold relevant correspondence, although the content of this would probably be of a business rather than artistic nature.

Huw Watkins would be happy to grant access to researchers, but does not keep files in any particular order. Like Huw, John McCabe would be happy to grant access, but it would be the researcher’s job to establish the order of correspondence. He considers the question of legacy important, and has begun to dispose of music manuscripts to appropriate homes due to an awareness of preservation issues, and has plans to archive all his manuscript materials. Hugh Wood had not considered his legacy but felt that he should do so, and wants the ‘highly inflammatory work to survive’.

Colin Currie had not considered his ‘collection’ in legacy terms, and ‘throws things out as he goes along’. He felt that electronic formats hold less ‘magic’ and ‘personality’ and uses twitter and blogs as vehicles for publicity rather than for personal communication. He prefers to send handwritten postcards from every city he visits; this will itself generate a dispersed collection of communications from him for future research.

While some respondents were aware of the importance and legacy value of their collections, other were less concerned; for example James Bowman felt that he had no collection of any significance, although he has ‘a few letters from Britten’. He and David Hatcher both agreed that musically related discussions usually took place verbally, and they kept correspondence relating to logistics only for as long as it was needed.

38 Some respondents mentioned collections of others, in private or public ownership, of which they had particular knowledge, for example Anthony Powers had access to the library of Adrian Boult, which includes many letters from composers and performers, including Elgar, Vaughan Williams, Holst and Berg, inside related scores. Some of these letters are now published or in the British Library; the remainder of the collection is eventually destined to go to the Royal College of Music. Sally Groves noted that Alexander Goehr’s materials had all gone from Schott Music to the Akademie der Kunste, and that the Tippett archive, which was out of the office for consultation by the editor of a volume of his letters, would eventually go to the British Library. Michael Hooper explained that David Lumsdaine’s letters had been sold to the National Library of Arts in Australia, although the collection is uncatalogued at present, and Michael has copies of some of the letters. Huw Watkins also knew of specific letters in private ownership and commented on the importance of diaries as well as letters as sources of research information, and Hugh Wood mentioned various private collections and anecdotes about them. For example a collection of letters of Matyas Seiber (Hugh’s teacher) had recently been found by Seiber’s daughter, which included correspondence with Britten, Dallapiccola and Copland among others. Michael Ponder mentioned a collection of letters by Rebecca Clarke, some of which have been published by her estate in New York.

6.5. General Observations

Some general points emerged over the course of conducting these interviews, and also from brief preliminary discussion with intended interviewees (these have not been documented in details), who were unable to participate because of the logistical challenges presented by touring schedules, geography and busy workloads (e.g. Graham Fitkin, Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra). The most universal of these is that all participants required some explanation or clarification of what was meant by ‘musicians’ letters collections – a strong indicator of the dichotomy between how these documents are viewed by researchers and archivists versus working musicians and administrators. Other more varied observations are outlined below:

• There are no obvious occupational or generational factors that seem to indicate trends in attitudes to, retention of, and mediums of correspondence. While this might be attributed to the relatively small scope of the interviews, responses to this topic seemed to be highly personal. • The idea of ‘legacy’ is uncommon. Most interviewees had to be prompted and encouraged to view their correspondence as useful or interesting to researchers.

39 • The idea of an ‘archive’ or ‘collection’ is alien to many practitioners. There may be a slight tendency of older composers to consider their materials as an archive, although not necessarily one which they regard as important for future generations. • Interviewees generally made a distinction between written and email correspondence, in terms of purpose, significance, and storage. • Performers were much less likely to make a clear distinction between correspondence and score materials, referring to ‘manuscripts’ to include those accompanying, and sometimes constituting, correspondence. • ‘Interesting’ things are kept. Although this has probably always been the case for many musicians, selection and filtering of material has almost inevitably occurred prior to a researcher’s access to the materials. The added value that interviewees attach to items of interest may also account for the splits in many festival and organisational collections (see, for example, the current Cheltenham Music Festival report at 4.10). • Understanding organisational structure and the history of those organisations is important in understanding how collections may have been acquired, separated, combined or lost. Within organisations, different subjects of correspondence are commonly housed in different departments, and therefore treated in different ways. • Many organisations had no clear ideas of when materials should or could become ‘archive’, and often storage issues seem to be a more important factor than consideration of value in establishing retention policy

6.6. Preservation

Even those musicians who are aware of the value of their collections struggle to find any guidance on how to preserve them. There is also often an impression that their collections would not be of interest or value to researchers. Access to collections was an issue only for a very small proportion of the interviewees, and even fewer would completely refuse access to selected parts of their collection. When considering allowing researchers access to collections, greater consideration seems to be given to the amount of time and effort that would be required from the subject, as opposed to any great concerns about privacy. One could argue that this reluctance on the part of the musicians surveyed to devote time to establishing any order to their collections is all the more reason for directing researchers to these collections and encouraging them to focus on exploring and cataloguing these private materials. From this small sample of interviewees it is clear that there are vast, ever increasing amounts of musicians’ correspondence. This ever­expanding body of material raises questions of precisely which materials are valued sufficiently to preserve, and how the

40 preservation of digital collections is addressed. All of these interviews focus on musicians who operate primarily in the ‘Western notated’, ‘classical’ tradition: once ‘musician’ is expanded to the fields of popular and folk music, questions of access become even more complex.

7. Existing finding aids

7.1. Online portals and catalogues

In any scoping study it is as important to identify and evaluate existing sources of information as it is to understand the gaps. Whilst there is no single source in the UK which focuses solely on collections of musicians’ letters, there are nine authoritative sources which provide information for a significant proportion of the materials held in public sector bodies, charitable trusts and other institutions. There is, as is to be expected, overlap between the coverage of these resources. Desk analysis of each has been undertaken to identify relevant records to this project and the results are included in the Inventory of Collections of Letters in Appendix 1.

7.1.1. National Register of Archives http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/nra/default.asp

The National Register of Archives (NRA) is maintained by The National Archives: Historical Manuscripts Commission and provides information on the nature and location of manuscripts and historical records relating to British history. All subjects are covered and information is drawn in the main from public sector bodies. The indexes of the NRA are available online and offer a means of searching the catalogues and lists held within the NRA. Where relevant, links are provided to electronic catalogues. Currently there are over 44,000 unpublished lists and catalogues in the NRA.

As one might expect, all the major public repositories are represented and the indexes can be searched by keyword for corporate names, personal names, family names and place names. It is also possible to browse all but the place name categories. For example, searching by “description” under the Personal Name search tab for ”musician” returns 145 records, of which 68 relate to the 20 th century, representing 49 individuals; “composer” reveals a further 235 records, only some of which overlap with the broader term. Where available, there are onward links to the appropriate institution’s website or links to A2A full archival entries (see 7.1.2 below). A typical record is presented below (entries not referring to letters have been omitted):

41 Bax, Sir Arnold Edward Trevor (1883­1953) Knight Composer Scope 1944­45: corresp with Society of Authors Repository British Library, Manuscript Collections Record Reference Add MSS 63211

Scope 1912­31: letters to JF Stainer Repository British Library, Music Collections Record Reference Add MSS 62121

Scope letters to Sir Henry Wood Repository British Library, Music Collections Record Reference Add MS 56419

7.1.2. Access to Archives (A2A) http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/default.aspx

Access to Archives (A2A) provides search and browse options for information about collections of archival records in England and Wales, dating from the eighth century to the present day. The archives described on A2A are found in local record offices and libraries, universities, museums and national and specialist institutions across England and Wales, where they are made available to the public. The database was last updated in 2008 and there are no plans to add further materials, however, the National Archives actively encourages institutions to provide information about their holdings online wherever possible. The database can be searched by simple keyword, or, using the advanced search approach, via keywords or phrases with optional further limitations of date range, place, specific repository or region.

Searching using the single keyword “musician” returns 1179 results, refining this to the 20 th century offers 728 results, and then adding the term “letter” offers over 150 hits (which does not, of course, guarantee that all letter records have been identified). A similar search using “composer” instead of “musician” offers 256 results. Finally, a search using a named individual is more productive: for example Granville Bantock and “letter” returns 95 hits shared between Worcestershire Record Office, King’s College Cambridge, Birmingham University, Surrey History Centre and the Royal Northern College of Music. A2A records follow the standard fond­based hierarchical approach moving from the general to the specific. Below is an example of a typical A2A entry for a collection of letters documented at item level (one record is open and its place in the hierarchy visible):

42 Rawsthorne Papers

Held by Royal Northern College of Music Reference, AR Covering dates, 1918­1972 Extent, 9 series; approx. 242 files. Most items on paper, including photocopy and photographic papers. Some magnetic tape/vinyl, metal objects, and plaster of paris (death mask).

Music AR/1 c.1923­1996 Writings AR/2 c.1917­1991 Letters AR/3 Jul 1914­Mar 1972 Termly reports from Winterdyne School, Southport AR/3/1 Jul 1914­Jul 1918 Letter to Barbara Rawsthorne. AR/3/2 12 Jan 1918 Poem to Barbara Rawsthorne. AR/3/3 25 Aug 1921 Letter to Barbara Rawsthorne. AR/3/4 18 May 1923 Letter to Barbara Rawsthorne. AR/3/5 [May 1923] Poem on waking late AR/3/6 April 1925 Testimonials from the Royal Manchester College of Music AR/3/7 Dec 1928­Sep 1929 Letter to Margaret Bridge. AR/3/10 11 Mar 1931 Letter to Anne Macnaghten. AR/3/11 1934 Letter to Barbara Rawsthorne. AR/3/12 21 Dec 1939 Letter to Barbara Rawsthorne. AR/3/13 [1939] Letter to Hubert and Barbara Rawsthorne. AR/3/14 28 Nov 1940 Letter to Barbara Rawsthorne. AR/3/15 1 Dec 1940 Letter to Barbara Rawsthorne AR/3/15a 31 Aug 1941 Letter to Barbara Rawsthorne AR/3/16 3 Sep 1945 Letter to Alan Rawsthorne. AR/3/17 16 Jan 1953 Letter to Isabel Lambert asking her to live with him AR/3/18 [1953] Letter to Victor Pitcher. AR/3/19 8 May 1954 Letter to Barbara Rawsthorne. AR/3/20 6 Jan [1955] Typescript letter to Alan Rawsthorne AR/3/21 c.1960 Correspondence during Isabel Rawsthorne's trip to Africa AR/3/22 Feb­Mar 1961 Letter to Isabel Rawsthorne. AR/3/23 23 Sep 1963 Correspondence on a setting of poetry AR/3/24 16 Oct­8 Nov 1963 Typescript letter signed from Alan Frank AR/3/25 31 Dec 1964 Letter to Charles Groves. AR/3/26 6 Feb 1965 1 sheet: written on both sides 25.5 by 20.5cm

Contents: Autograph letter signed from Alan Rawsthorne to Charles Groves Dated 6 February 1965. Sudbury Cottage, Little Sampford, Saffron Walden, Essex. Telephone Great Sampford 250. Rawsthorne lists eight corrections to his third symphony which Charles Groves will be conducting the following month. Later additions in different hands in pencil and biro.

Note: Formerly numbered AR 061L Letter to Anna Macnaghten. AR/3/27 18 April 1965 Letter from Julian Bream. AR/3/28 17 Aug 1971 Typescript letter signed to Alan Frank. AR/3/29 10 Mar 1972 Recordings AR/4 1937­1995 Photographs AR/5 c.1870­c.1970 Objects AR/6 1946­1971 Reviews and programmes AR/7 1919­1998 Reminiscences and memorials AR/8 1861­1992 Copies of items held by other repositories and individuals AR/9 1960s­1990s

43 7.1.3. Archives Hub Http://www.archiveshub.ac.uk

The Archives Hub is a JISC service, managed and delivered by Mimas, a national data centre at the University of Manchester. Software development work is undertaken at the University of Liverpool. The Hub provides a gateway to the archives of over 180 academic institutions across the country. A search facility enables the user to combine terms and categories to obtain the most specific request. The database can also be browsed by a range of categories including subject, name and institution. Some 40 collections of letters were identified spread across 18 academic institutions. Entries provide a description of material in the archive, a biography of the subject of the archive, access conditions and other management information.

7.1.4. AIM25 http://www.aim25.ac.uk/

AIM25 is a major project to provide electronic access to collection level descriptions of the archives of over one hundred higher education institutions, learned societies, cultural organisations and livery companies within the Greater London area. Currently there are records for the holdings of some 100 institutions and a full list is provided.

A simple and advanced search facility is offered alongside browsing by subject. Using the browse option for music offers 167 entries arranged in alphabetical order of the subject of the repository. The simple search option offers 106 records when searching for “musician” and refining those results by adding “correspondence” gives 58 records. The same search for “composer” gives 117 results and refining by adding correspondence gives 68 (there is, naturally, overlap between the two results sets). An advanced search facility allows the combining of search terms using Boolean operators, together with options to narrow the search by institution and/or date span. Unfortunately, at the time of writing, this facility was not in operation; however, desk analysis of the database has revealed seven repositories containing letters of 20 th century musicians.

The structure of entries is very similar to that of the Archives Hub, and the entry for the Sir Adrian Boult collection held by the Royal College of Music is given below as an illustration.

44 BOULT, Sir Adrian Cedric (1889­1983) Identity Statement Reference code(s): GB 1249 MS 6905 Held at: Royal College of Music ­ click here to see details of the physical location of collection Full title: BOULT, Sir Adrian Cedric (1889­1983) Date(s): 1920­1954 Level of description: Collection (fonds) Extent : 1 file Name of creator(s): Boult | Sir | Adrian Cedric | 1889­1983 | Knight | conductor

Context Administrative/Biographical history: Born 1889; educated at Westminster School, Leipzig Conservatory and Christ Church, Oxford; DMus, 1914, joined the music staff at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, 1914; conducted first performance of Holst's The Planets, 1918; taught at the Royal College of Music, 1919­1930; assistant musical director, Covent Garden, 1926; musical director of the Bach Choir, 1928­1931; musical director of the City of Birmingham Orchestra, 1924­1930; appointed music director for the BBC, 1930; formed the BBC Symphony Orchestra and toured Europe and the USA; associate conductor of the Proms, 1942­1950; retired from the BBC, 1950; music director of the London Philharmonic Orchestra, 1950­ 1957; musical director of the CBSO, 1959­60; taught at the RCM, 1962­1966; undertook recordings of Elgar and Vaughan Williams for EMI; made his final public appearance and his final recording, 1978; died 1983.

Content Scope and content/abstract: Papers of Sir Adrian Boult, comprising letters (9), 1920­1954, including from Sir Hugh Allen, thanking for Boult's conducting of rehearsals; from Sir Edward Elgar, in regard to his arrival at Boult's rehearsal; from Ethel Smyth on the possible performance of her works; from Adam Carse, sending score of his latest composition. Typescript programme and repertoire lists, mainly 1920s­1930s.

Access & Use Language/scripts of material:English. System of arrangement: In two sections in chronological order: A) Letters. B) Programmes and repertoire lists. Conditions governing access: Usual conditions of the Library of the Royal College of Music apply. See the RCM website or contact the RCM Library for details. Conditions governing reproduction: Photocopying is permitted at the discretion of the Archivist for research purposes only. Finding aids: There is a manuscript detailed list with the papers. The collection is catalogued in the 'Provisional catalogue of letters in the RCM library' by J Kersey, 1997, vol 1. There is also an entry in the supplement to volume 3 of the Manuscripts catalogue in the library of the Royal College of Music.

Archival Information Archival history: Immediate source of acquisition: Presented by Sir Adrian Boult, 1976.

Allied Materials Related material: Boult papers are also held by British Library Manuscript Collections; BBC Written Archives Centre; Bodleian Library, University of Oxford; Cumbria Record Office, Carlisle: Gloucestershire Record Office. See National Register of Archives for details. National Register of Archives: Click here to view NRA record Publication note:

Description Notes Archivist's note: Compiled by Robert Baxter as part of the RSLP AIM25 Project. Source: Grove Dictionary of Music. Rules or conventions: Compiled in compliance with General International Standard Archival Description, ISAD(G), second edition, 2000; National Council on Archives Rules for the Construction of Personal, Place and Corporate Names, 1997. Date(s) of descriptions: Nov 2001

45 7.1.5. Scottish Archives Network (SCAN) http://www.scan.org.uk/index.html

The Scottish Archives Network was formed in August 1999 to improve access to Scotland's archives. The websites, electronic catalogue and digital imaging projects are maintained by the National Archives of Scotland. SCAN offers a single electronic catalogue to more than 20,000 collections of historical records held by 52 Scottish archives. Browse, simple and advanced search facilities are offered for the database. The browse facility provides a list of participating institutions and for each, a list (using its ARCHON code) of all records for that institution in the SCAN database. The search facility offers a Boolean approach and the advanced search enables the addition of date range, specific references and titles. Thus searching for “composer and letters” provides 8 hits and “musician and letters”, 4 – there is some overlap of results. A detailed record for each hit can then be viewed. Once again, records are similar in construction to AIM25 and Archives Hub and an example is set out below:

Record for Gavin Buchanan Ewart Country Code: GB Repository Code: 233 Repository: National Library of Scotland Reference: GB233/Acc.12908/32­40 Title: Gavin Buchanan Ewart (1916­1995) Libretti and lyrics Dates: c1955­1991 Access Status: Open

Description: 32 Manuscript and typescript lyrics and manuscript music, c.1955­1957, of a series of songs on which Gavin Ewart and composer David Bowen collaborated.

33­34 'Tobermory (the cat that knew)' An opera in one act, based on a short story by 'Saki' (H H Munro), with words by Gavin Ewart and music by John Gardner; commissioned and performed by the Royal Academy of Music in 1977. 33 Typescript libretto 34 Copy music and libretto. 35­39 'Boys and Girls Come Out To Play', opera buffa in 2 acts by Robin Holloway, libretto by Gavin Ewart. 35 Copy music draft with libretto Vocal score, Act I Vocal score, Act II Correspondence of Robin Holloway and Gavin Ewart, 1991. 36 Various typescript and some manuscript sections of libretto, mainly from Re­writes 3­7, with correspondence of Robin Holloway and Gavin Ewart, 1991­1995. 37 Manuscript libretto, 'Re­write 6'. 38 Copied typescript draft libretto, dated '3/2/92', with some manuscript amendments. 39 Various typescript and some manuscript sections of libretto, mainly from Re­writes 1­9, with carbon copies of Gavin Ewart's letters to Robin Holloway, 1991­1995. 40 'The Way We Live Now' Corrected manuscript and carbon typescript of a libretto, 1977, by Gavin Ewart based on Trollope's novel. The composer was probably John Gardner, and the opera may have had a brief production run in late 1977. Level:Series

46 7.1.6. Archives Wales http://www.archiveswales.org.uk/

The Archives Wales online catalogue contains information about more than 7,000 collections of historical records in the holdings of 21 archives in Wales. Records may be browsed by subject, name, place and repository. There is a facility to search the index as well as the catalogue itself (for the latter both simple and advanced options are presented). Searching for the term “musician” retrieves 50 posts and “composer” 67 records. Using the advanced facility to narrow the search to 20 th century composer records retrieves 36 records. Advanced search also allows specific institutions to be searched as well as specific fields within a records, however it is not possible to use Boolean operators so a search for “musician” AND “letters” simply doesn’t work. Entries are similar in structure to Archives Hub.

7.1.7. National Archives of Ireland http://www.nationalarchives.ie/

National Archives of Ireland holds the records of the modern Irish State which document its historical evolution and national identity. Holdings relate to all parts of Ireland and the website provides information on essential primary source material for researchers. Records can be searched and, whilst the search returns vary in their detail, these are a useful starting point for further exploration. Searching on simple keywords such as “musician”, “composer” or “pianist” returns modest, but useful, results (9, 17 and 3 respectively). The entry covering the Fleischmann collection at the National University of Ireland, Cork is typical of the more extensive records and is reproduced below:

Aloys Fleischmann collection Form no: 9860 Repository: National University of Ireland, Cork, College Archives Access: Restricted Collection: Fleischmann Collection Date: c1890s­1992 Century: 19th, 20th

Description: The Aloys Fleischmann Collection, c1890s­1992, includes material on organisation with which Fleischmann was involved, many of which would have had women participants, for example, the Choral Festival, the Cork Orchestral Society (and Cork Symphony Orchestra), Cork Ballet Company, Irish Theatre Ballet and Irish National Ballet, includes particular detail regarding Joan Denise Moriarty and also some detail with regard to the dancers. The collection holds large amounts of material relating to the above and includes manuscript and printed letters, photographs, programmes, leaflets, etc. Other organisations include the Music Teachers Association, for which the collection holds manuscript and printed material, Music Association of Ireland, again manuscript and printed material, Cumann Naisiunta na gCor, manuscript and printed material, Aosdana, printed material, Cultural Relations Committee, printed material.

Fleischmann's position as Professor of Music in University College, Cork, has led to material in the collection relating to women. This includes substantial material relating to students, a small amount of material relating to Annie Patterson, Professor of Irish Music, University College, Cork, c1920s and material relating to research assistance, for example on his project relating to a Thematic index to Irish music.

The collection contains a large volume of correspondence between Fleischmann and other Irish and international

47 composers and musicians. It includes letters from: Ina Boyle, Irish composer Elizabeth Maconchy, [Irish] composer Harriet Cohen, pianist and great friend of Arnold Bax. Due to her funding of county music schemes in Ireland, the collection contains large amounts of correspondence with Lady Dorothy Mayer. The collection also includes a huge variety of miscellaneous letters from women, including: Jeanne Sheehy, artist and daughter of Edward Sheehy, writer Dorothy Bell, Fota House, Cork Fanny Feehan, writer Eilis Dillon, as O Cuilleanain, writer Sylvia Duff Knight, daughter of Arthur Duff, composer.

The Fleischmann Collection holds material relating to Tilly Fleischmann (Swertz), Aloys Fleischmann's mother, mostly dating from c1910­1940. There are interesting personal letters between Tilly and a number of her contemporaries, mainly discussing Cork's cultural life, correspondents include Patrick Hennessy, artist, Father Patrick McSwiney, well known Cork personage, Arnold Bax, composer, E J Moeran, composer, Germaine Stockley, amateur watercolourist and wife of Professor William Stockley, History and English Literature, University College, Cork.

Correspondence between Tilly Fleischmann Swertz and her son and husband, also Aloys, letters cover such topics as Fleischmann Senior's time as an internee during World War I and Fleischmann Junior's time spent studying in Germany, early 1920s. The collection holds copies of Tilly Fleischmann's book on Liszt and correspondence regarding the publication of the book. Letters from Tilly Fleischmann's piano students, most of whom were women.

The collection holds a very small amount of material relating to Tilly Fleischmann's sister, Maria Walbruga Swertz, who was [professor] of German, University College, Cork, possibly 1909.

Keyword: societies and clubs' women in entertainment; women artists; employment of women

7.1.8. National Library of Ireland: Sources http://sources.nli.ie/Browse/Archive

The National Library of Ireland’s Sources service provides a database of archives for research support which can be browsed via an interactive map http://sources.nli.ie/Browse/Archive. Once results are returned, these can then be further refined by a range of options including resource type, date, people and specific archive. Unless a particular repository is specified, results are international, but can very quickly be focused down to the level required. There is also a search facility which supports Boolean searching and again results can be quickly refined. Thus, searching for “composer AND letters” brings 14 results. The example below is for the correspondence between Edith Somerville and Ethel Smyth, held at Queen’s University, Belfast.

Correspondence between Edith Somerville and Ethel Smyth. Three hundred letters of Somerville to Smyth, 3 Jan. 1921 ­ 3 Feb. 1930; four hundred and eighty­three Smyth to Somerville, 15 Jul. 1918 ­ 22 Jul. 1943. Collection: Somerville and Ross Collection Format: Manuscript

Subjects: Martin, Violet Florence Smyth, Ethel Somerville, Edith Oenone Music Manuscripts > Belfast

Location: Queen’s University Belfast

48 It is evident (and perhaps inevitable) that there is considerable overlap between several of these national general archival finding aids, in particular, between the National Register of Archives, Archives Hub, Scottish Archives Network and AIM 25. To be able to conduct a search from a single source (or at least a federated search across all resources) would be a more effective way for the researcher to identify relevant materials. The team therefore recommends to Music Libraries Trust that it approach JISC, the National Archives and the Archives and Records Association 29 to discover whether such an approach might be possible (or indeed whether a pilot study for such an approach using music materials would be considered).

7.1.9. Cecilia http://www.cecilia­uk.org In addition to the range of general online resources there are, of course, the available catalogues of individual institutions which vary greatly in their chosen approach and level of detail. Many of these institutions are also represented on the Cecilia database, a IAML (UK & Irl) initiative which has been running since 1999, providing collection level descriptions of the resources held in music institutions in the UK and Ireland.

Those institutions whose records are included in Cecilia indicate whether their collections include letters. Information is at a very general level, but nonetheless provides a useful starting point for further enquiry. Now that the database is able to offer access to individual organisations to create and manage their own records, it is suggested that IAML (UK & Irl) and MLT might work on a joint promotion of this to the music community to encourage the addition of more detailed information on collections of letters as “daughter” records to an organisation’s main collection description. 30 Searching for the term “letters” returns some 400 results, and for “correspondence” over 170 (some of which overlap). At present, Boolean searching and advanced searching are not possible on Cecilia, but the database can be browsed by Institution and by Person and so specific queries are fairly swiftly satisfied. A sample record from the Delius Trust is given in Appendix 1.

7.2. Specialist online resources

7.2.1. Schenker Documents Online Understandably, given some of the copyright issues associated with more recent material, there are currently few specialist online resources devoted to the letters of musicians active since 1900. An

29 The Archives and Records Association. http://www.archives.org.uk/. The Society of Archivists, National Council on Archives and ACALG were merged in 2010 to create the Archives and Records Association to create a bigger voice for the archives and records sector. 30 Note: during the project research period, Cecilia was undergoing technical development which unfortunately did not allow new records to be created. 49 exception is the Schenker Documents Online project, led by Cambridge University, which aims to provide access to the correspondence (including letters, postcards, telegrams, calling cards, and memos), diaries and other documents relating to the music theorist Heinrich Schenker (1868­ 1935).3 1 Thus far, the project has made available a selection of documents in scholarly annotated editions, with English translations, editorial comment, a tag cloud of personal and corporate names, and brief biographies of correspondents. This in­depth treatment is intended as a tool to facilitate research into the development of Schenker’s ideas over a 50­year period and as a resource for scholars in other related fields. The project has not, as yet, included digitised copies of the documents themselves.

7.2.2. In Mozart’s Words The potential for using sophisticated methods of tagging and linking data in the online environment is demonstrated by two projects concerned with the eighteenth century. In Mozart’s Words aims to publish a new scholarly online edition of the Mozart family correspondence, totalling some 1,400 letters, with translations into English, French and Italian. 32 A multilingual thesaurus facilitates searching by places, persons, works and bibliographical references. The project also makes use of geo­spatial tagging to illustrate the composer’s social connections during his travels around Europe as a child prodigy and in later life. An interactive map allows users to track Mozart’s travels and to engage with information about the people he met and the places he visited en route. Thus far the database includes letters from 1769 to 1773 only, but it is intended to be expanded to cover the remaining correspondence and to feature links to catalogues of sources, contemporary documents, and recordings of Mozart’s works.

7.2.3. Electronic Enlightenment – letters & lives online, a subscription resource involving the Bodleian Library, aims not only to provide access to extant correspondence, but also to reconstruct the social networks of correspondents by linking them via substantial internal cross­referencing and biographical notes.3 3 This project shows the potential of digital resources to offer new perspectives and create new avenues of enquiry by linking disparate resources by time, geography, and social strata. Indeed, its stated ambition is to challenge ‘the traditional concept of the “Enlightenment” as the preserve of philosophers’ by tracing the dissemination of ideas and social attitudes through the correspondence of unknown and ‘ordinary’ people. It is possible to browse indexes by surname, nationality, and occupation. As of March 2011, there were 58,776 letters and documents and 7,114 correspondents in the database, yet only 14 musicians were represented and only two of them were British: Charles Burney (1726–1814) and Thomas Shaw (c. 1752–c. 1830).

31 http://mt.ccnmtl.columbia.edu/schenker/ 32 http://letters.mozartways.com/ 33 http://www.e­enlightenment.com/ 50 7.3. Published collections

In order to gain some insight into the extent of existing published collections of musicians’ letters, a search of RILM using the search term ‘published collections of musicians’ letters’ was undertaken. From the first 1000 records, 360 are thought to be relevant. They fall into the following categories:

1. Annotated catalogues/indices of collections of letters, often in particular repositories. 2. Reproductions of (normally selected) correspondence in book form. 3. Publications that use letters as a means of creating a biography in book form. 4. Discussions of collections of letters in book form. 5. Discussions/reports of unpublished letters in journal articles. 6. Abstracts for conference papers on discussions of correspondence. 7. PhD dissertations that focus on a discussion of musicians’ letters. 8. Publications on how to source musicians’ letters.

The most frequent are the reproductions of musicians’ letters in book form, the discussions of collections of letters in book form, and the discussion/reports of unpublished letters in journal articles. The basic search outlined above makes clear the vast number of published collections of musicians’ letters in various forms. The frequent journal articles, conference papers, and PhD dissertations on the subject show that new collections are being found all the time, making it impossible to produce a finite holding for the sourcing of musicians’ letters. However, such publications also demonstrate that musicians’ letters are a valuable resource to many researchers. They provoke much excitement and discussion in the academic world, are entirely relevant and prescient in today’s research environment.

8. Synthesis

8.1. Privacy issues

One of the key recurring issues in this report is the right to privacy. Letters are generally, by their very nature, private documents that communicate matters that are not intended for wider consumption. This is equally true of personal letters between private individuals and letters produced by employees of a public or private organisation in the course of their work: the latter can contain commercially sensitive information, or relate to such matters as terms of employment which are not intended for public airing. Privacy and data protection legislation is intended to protect individuals and organisations from the unauthorised use of private documents, and this has 51 implications for the availability of musicians’ letters in many archives (the Arts Council archive held by the V&A is one example). This is also an overriding factor in the policy adopted by many commercial companies to providing access to their archives. The EMI Archive, for example, restricts access to archival documents created since 1945. Privacy concerns can also affect the willingness of individuals to allow letter collections to enter public institutions, or to make private collections accessible to researchers via appointment. Indeed, many private collectors are understandably cautious about making information about their collections public, for reasons of security as much as privacy. Some respondents to the survey of researchers also mentioned the issue of copyright as a barrier to the publication of letters; the same issue is obviously a factor to be considered in any project involving the digitisation of letter collections.

8.2. Acquiring and preserving collections

This report has highlighted a number of barriers to the acquisition of collections of letters by public libraries and archives. Principal among them is, once again, the issue of privacy. Recipients of personal correspondence are often, for perfectly understandable reasons, cautious about allowing such material to enter the public domain. In many cases, letters have a sentimental value that transcends any consideration of their wider significance. The value of such material is not always recognised by executors of personal estates and, for that reason, is sometimes disposed of. Our survey of musicians has additionally revealed that the scholarly value of personal collections is not always recognised, or at least that the possibility of finding an institutional home for the material is not always considered. Advocacy is clearly also needed at a local level to safeguard material relating to performance organisations and related bodies, such as venues and music festivals. The case of the Cheltenham Music Festival archive demonstrates some of the complexities involved here, not least in identifying and conserving correspondence held by organisations in general administrative files for ongoing business reasons, rather than being gathered in a central archive, and the challenges presented by the merging or separating of partner organisations. The same issue applies to electronic communications, although here there is an even greater danger of data loss owing to a general tendency not to archive emails, either in an electronic or print format. The policy adopted by the London Symphony Orchestra, to selectively print and archive email correspondence (Case Study 6, at 4.12.), is an exception motivated by the general administrative practices of the organisation, rather than the need to archive emails for posterity.

52 8.3. Resource discovery

The survey of researchers undertaken by this project has underlined some key barriers to the effective discovery of musicians’ letters. Principal among them is the lack of granularity in the description of many letter collections held by public institutions and the desirability of indexing crucial elements of content, such as names, dates, and subjects. Although online access has in many ways improved access to existing descriptions to the benefit of research, libraries and archives with few exceptions do not have the resources to provide item­level access to larger collections. Collaborative projects such as Cecilia have tended instead to focus on collection­level access. Only four of the 25 researchers who responded to our survey had not used privately held collections, emphasising the importance of private collections even if they are not widely publicised and are often difficult to track down. Even if access is limited, organisations holding correspondence should be encouraged to consider safeguarding their collections for future generations and, where possible, lodge details of them with a federated database such as Cecilia. It should be noted that none of the private organisations contacted for this report were unwilling to share information about their holdings, although most of them were approached via personal contacts known to team members. We have also identified some examples of organisations – such as Schott Music – that have made provisions for the future of their collections; some larger organisations like the BBC and OUP also maintain archives on a professional basis.

Some researchers mentioned the desirability of creating an umbrella site for documenting musicians’ letters. The inventory of collections produced by this project offers a first step towards achieving that goal, although the sheer volume of material held only in the public sector is a considerable challenge here. In the short term, there is clearly an opportunity to improve the coverage of Cecilia to embrace collections in all sectors – both public and private – and to develop that website to add index entries and item­level descriptions where possible. In the longer term, the digitisation of major repositories and collections will certainly help to improve access, although the level of descriptive metadata required here is equally important and the data cannot be derived from existing catalogues in most cases. Another barrier to effective access is the lack of a central interface to search federated databases such as A2A, ARCHON and AIM25. Awareness of the availability of these resources and their limitations with regard to music collections might also be enhanced. Indeed, there is scope for greater collaboration between the library and academic communities to provide guidance about locating material and identifying collections that would merit exploration. We might legitimately question whether more progress would have been made in the description of letter collections if more students were made aware of these opportunities for discovery. Equally, the general loss of specialist music posts in many university and public

53 libraries risks the loss of an important conduit of information and guidance concerning the identification and mapping of music research materials generally.

9. Recommendations to the Music Libraries Trust from the project team

In order to assist the Trust with the planning of any programme of support for future research into musicians’ letters, the Team would like to offer the following as recommended courses of activity based on evidence gathered over the course of the project:

1. Online resource discovery: there is a need to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of resource discovery for online records because at present information is scattered across a number of databases (see 7.1 above) requiring a number of separate searches. It is recommended that dialogue with relevant public sector bodies such as the National Archives and JISC is sought on federated search mechanisms for resource discovery.

2. Increasing the level of documentation: whilst it is unlikely that any significant quantity of material can be recorded at item level, making available at least basic details of letter collections must be encouraged. It is recommended that MLT and IAML work together to encourage individual institutions and persons to add collection records to the Cecilia database. This will at least provide a starting­point for researchers.

3. Priorities for further research: this scoping study has provided the first step towards the development of a future programme for the documentation of letter collections. It is recommended that, in conjunction with recommendation 2 above, a targeted programme of fully­funded research in priority areas of the music industry is undertaken to secure further and enhanced additions to Cecilia. It is recognised that in the current economic climate, appropriate funding is likely to be difficult to secure, but it may be possible to progress identified priority areas through research undertaken by PhD students or by those preparing for a Master’s in library and information science.

4. Electronic communications: research for this project has shown that there is a very real danger that valuable material will be lost to future generations through lack of preservation policies for electronic communications. It is recommended that MLT undertakes an advocacy campaign to raise awareness of the need for this and to highlight the various sources of expert advice and guidance available.

54 55 Appendix 1: Indicative inventory of musicians’ names and repositories (1900­2011)

Name Institution Source Abrahamsen (Hans), composer. British Library Catalogue Ackroyd (Joyce), president, Bromley Symphony British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Adams (John Coolidge), composer. British Library Catalogue Addison (John), composer. British Library Catalogue Aeolian String Quartet. British Library Catalogue Albrecht (Gerd), conductor. British Library Catalogue Alcock (Sir Walter Galpin), composer and organist. British Library Catalogue Alcock (Susan M.), general sec., Incorporated Society of British Library Catalogue Musicians. Aldeburgh Festival. British Library Catalogue Aldeburgh Music Club Britten‐Pears Foundation Website Aldrich (Richard), music critic. British Library Catalogue Alldis (John), conductor. British Library Catalogue Allen (F.), sec., Tenterden Music Club. British Library Catalogue Allen (Sir Hugh Percy), organist and administrator. British Library Catalogue Allin (Norman), bass. British Library Catalogue Alwyn, William (1905‐1985) Composer British Library Catalogue Alwyn, William (1905‐1985) Composer Cambridge University Library Survey return American Liszt Society. British Library Catalogue American Musicological Society. British Library Catalogue Amfitheatrof (Daniele), composer. British Library Catalogue Amis (John), music critic. British Library Catalogue Ampenoff (Miss O), of Boosey & Hawkes, Ltd. British Library Catalogue Anderson (Marian E.), American contralto. British Library Catalogue Andrewes (John), of Boosey and Hawkes Ltd. British Library Catalogue Andrews, Herbert Kennedy (1904‐1965), musicologist, Royal College of Music NRA teacher, organist and composer Andry (Peter E.), director, E.M.I. Classical Division. British Library Catalogue Anhill (John), musician. British Library Catalogue Ansermet (Ernest), conductor and composer. British Library Catalogue Anson (Hugo Vernon), composer. British Library Catalogue Apivor, Denis (b 1916) Composer British Library NRA Apollo database Royal Academy of Music Case study Apostel (Hans Erich), composer. British Library Catalogue Aprahamian (Felix), music critic British Library Catalogue Arányi de Hunyadvar (Jelly Eva), violinist. British Library Catalogue Arboleya (Enrique Gómez), musician. British Library Catalogue Archives Senate House Library Survey return Arieli (Celia), pianist. British Library Catalogue Armhold (Adelheid), singer. British Library Catalogue Armstrong (Sir Thomas Henry Wait), Principal of the British Library Catalogue Royal Academy of Music. Armstrong née Mitchell (Helen Porter), al. `Nellie British Library Catalogue Melba'; soprano. Armstrong, Marianne Charlotte (1860‐1924), musician Royal College of Music NRA and composer Arnaud (Germaine Yvonne), actress and pianist. British Library Catalogue Arnell (Richard Anthony Sayer), composer. British Library Catalogue Arnold (Malcolm Henry), composer. British Library Catalogue Arnott (Robin A. V.), sec., Dunfermline Choral Union. British Library Catalogue Arnott, Elsie (fl 1933‐1991) Cumbria Record Office, Carlisle NRA Headquarters 56 Aronowitz (Cecil), viola player. British Library Catalogue Arts Council Festival of Britain Victoria and Albert Museum Website Arts Council of Great Britain. British Library Catalogue Arundell (Dennis), composer. British Library Catalogue Ashdown (Edwin), music publisher. British Library Catalogue Ashton (Sir Frederick William Mallandaine), British Library Catalogue choreographer. Atherton (David), conductor. British Library Catalogue Atkins (E. Wulstan), chairman, The Elgar Foundation. British Library Catalogue Atkins (Sir Ivor Algernon), organist, composer and British Library Catalogue editor. Augener, Ltd., music publishers, of London. British Library Catalogue Austin (Frederic), composer and singer. British Library Catalogue Austin (Richard), of the Royal College of Music; British Library Catalogue conductor. Avenworth Concert Direction. British Library Catalogue B.B.C. Symphony Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Babin (Victor), pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue Backhaus (Wilhelm), German pianist. British Library Catalogue Bacon, richard Mckenzie Cambridge University Library Survey return Badura‐Skoda (Paul), pianist. British Library Catalogue Baines (Anthony Cuthbert), composer and musicologist. British Library Catalogue Baines (William), composer. British Library Catalogue Bainton (Edgar Leslie), composer. British Library Catalogue Baker (Dame Janet Abbott), singer. British Library Catalogue Balkwill (Bryan Havell), conductor. British Library Catalogue Ball (Barbara), singer in Leeds Philharmonic Chorus. British Library Catalogue Ball (Beryl), director of Ibbs & Tillett, agents. British Library Catalogue Ballard (Jeremy), violinist. British Library Catalogue Bampton (Claude), pianist and composer British Library Catalogue Bangor Musical Club Bangor University Archives hub Banks (Donald), composer. British Library Catalogue Bantock, Herman sutherland (1874 ‐ 1965) Birmingham University Archives hub Bantock, Raymond Birmingham University Archives hub Bantock, Raymond Holst Museum Survey return

Bantock (Sir Granville Ransome), composer. British Library Catalogue Bantock, Sir Granville Ransome (1868‐1946) Knight Birmingham University Archives hub Composer Bantock, Sir Granville Ransome (1868‐1946) Knight Birmingham University Information NRA Composer Services, Special Collections Department Bantock, Sir Granville Ransome (1868‐1946) Knight Cambridge University Library NRA Composer Bantock, Sir Granville Ransome (1868‐1946) Knight Edinburgh University Library, Special NRA Composer Collections Bantock, Sir Granville Ransome (1868‐1946) Knight National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Composer Collections Bantock, Sir Granville Ransome (1868‐1946) Knight Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Composer Western Manuscripts Bantock, Sir Granville Ransome (1868‐1946) Knight Royal Academy of Music KH report Composer Bantock, Sir Granville Ransome (1868‐1946) Knight Worcestershire Record Office, County NRA Composer Hall Branch Barbirolli (Sir John Battista), conductor. British Library Catalogue Barbirolli, Sir John Giovanni Battista (1899‐1970) Knight, National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA conductor Collections Barbirolli, Sir John Giovanni Battista (1899‐1970) Knight, Royal Academy of Music KH report conductor Bardgett (Herbert), choir director. British Library Catalogue Barenboim (Daniel), pianist and conductor. British Library Catalogue 57 Barenboim née Du Pré (Jacqueline), cellist. British Library Catalogue Barker (Alfred), musician. British Library Catalogue Barnett (John), music director of the Hollywood Bowl British Library Catalogue Association. Barrell, Bernard Britten‐Pears Foundation Website Barrett‐Ayres, Reginald (1920 ‐ 1981) Aberdeen University Archives hub Bart, Lionel (1930‐1999) composer, playwright, lyricist University of Bristol: Theatre Collection NRA Bartholomeusz (Jane), musician. British Library Catalogue Bartók (Béla), composer. British Library Catalogue Bate, Stanley (1913‐1959), composer and pianist Royal College of Music NRA Bates (Thorpe), singer. British Library Catalogue Bauer (Harold), pianist. British Library Catalogue Bax (Sir Arnold Edward Trevor), al. 'Sheila McCarthy'; al. British Library Catalogue 'Dermot O'Byrne'; K.C.V.O.; composer. Beamish, Sally (b1956) Composer Scottish Music Centre NRA Beckett (Gwendolen M. P.), sec. to Sir A. C. Boult. British Library Catalogue Bedford née Lehmann (Mrs Liza), Vocal Professor, British Library Catalogue Guildhall School of Music. Beecham, Sir Thomas (1879‐1961) 2nd Baronet British Library Catalogue Conductor and Composer Beecham, Sir Thomas (1879‐1961) 2nd Baronet BBC Written Archives Case study Conductor and Composer Beecham, Sir Thomas (1879‐1961) 2nd Baronet Sir Thomas Beecham Trust NRA Conductor and Composer Beek (Johanna), concert director of Interartists B.V. British Library Catalogue Beigel (Victor), singing teacher. British Library Catalogue Beinum (Eduard van), conductor. British Library Catalogue Bell (William Henry), composer. British Library Catalogue Bellot (Charlotte Amelia), teacher of R. Quilter. British Library Catalogue Benbow (Edwin), of the Royal College of Music. British Library Catalogue Benjamin (Arthur), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Benjamin (George), composer. British Library Catalogue Bennett (George John), Mus. Doc.; composer. British Library Catalogue Bennett (Richard Rodney), composer. British Library Catalogue Bennett (Stephen), musician. British Library Catalogue Bennett, James Robert Sterndale (fl 1890‐1920), Royal College of Music NRA composer Bennick (Tosta de), Swedish pianist. British Library Catalogue Berg (Alban Maria Johannes), composer. British Library Catalogue Berg (Helene), widow of Alban Berg. British Library Catalogue Berio (Luciano), composer. British Library Catalogue Berkeley (Sir Lennox Randall Francis), C.B.E.; composer. British Library Catalogue Berkeley (Sir Lennox Randall Francis), C.B.E.; composer. Britten‐Pears Library NRA Berlin (Mrs Juanita), folk singer. British Library Catalogue Bernac (Pierre), French baritone. British Library Catalogue Besch (Anthony), music administrator. British Library Catalogue Best (Ailwyn), singer. British Library Catalogue Best (Dorothy), of Salisbury Musical Society. British Library Catalogue Beyer (Isabel), pianist. British Library Catalogue Bialoguski (Michael), conductor. British Library Catalogue Bickers (Joan), conductor. British Library Catalogue Biggs (Collette), music publisher, Longman Group. British Library Catalogue Bimson (John), chairman, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Binns (Malcolm), pianist. British Library Catalogue Birmingham Symphony Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Birtwistle (Sir Harrison), Knt.; composer. British Library Catalogue Bishop (A. W.), of the Performing Rights Society. British Library Catalogue Bishop (Christopher), recording engineer. British Library Catalogue Bishop (E.) and Sons, Ltd., piano makers, of Auckland, British Library Catalogue New Zealand. 58 Biterauf (Hermann), singer. British Library Catalogue Blacher (Boris), composer. British Library Catalogue Black (W. Dunn), accompanist. British Library Catalogue Blackman (Nessa Y.), of Keynote Opera Society Ltd. British Library Catalogue Blackwell's Music Shop. British Library Catalogue Blades, James (1901 ‐ 1991) Edinburgh University Archives hub Blake née Elgar (Carice Irene), daughter of Sir Edward British Library Catalogue Elgar. Blazhkov (Igor), conductor. British Library Catalogue Bliss, Sir Arthur Edward Drummond (1891‐1975) British Library Catalogue composer Bliss, Sir Arthur Edward Drummond (1891‐1975) Aberdeen University Survey return composer Bliss, Sir Arthur Edward Drummond (1891‐1975) Cambridge University Library Survey return composer

Bliss née Hoffmann (Gertrude), wife of Sir Arthur British Library Catalogue Drummond Bliss. Blom (Eric Walter), music critic and editor. British Library Catalogue Blyth (May), singer. British Library Catalogue Boghetti (Giuseppe), singer and teacher. British Library Catalogue Bonavia (Ferruccio), music critic. British Library Catalogue Bond (Graham), of the London Festival Ballet. British Library Catalogue Boosey (Leslie Arthur), music publisher. British Library Catalogue Boosey and Hawkes Ltd. British Library Catalogue Booth (Josiah), composer. British Library Catalogue Booth (Rosalind), secretary. British Library Catalogue Borovsky (A.), Russian pianist. British Library Catalogue Borwick (Leonard), pianist. British Library Catalogue Borwick (Leonard), pianist Royal College of Music Website Bose (Hans‐Jürgen von), composer. British Library Catalogue Bostock (N. Douglas), conductor. British Library Catalogue Boston Music Company. British Library Catalogue Boughton, Rutland (1878‐1960) Composer British Library Catalogue Boughton, Rutland (1878‐1960) Composer Holst Museum Survey return Boughton, Rutland (1878‐1960) Composer Durham County Record Office NRA Boughton, Rutland (1878‐1960) Composer Gloucestershire Archives NRA Boughton, Rutland (1878‐1960) Composer Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Western Manuscripts Boughton afterw. Edt (Joy), daughter of Rutland British Library Catalogue Boughton. Boulanger (Nadia), teacher and conductor British Library Catalogue Boulez (Pierre), French composer. British Library Catalogue Boult (Cedric Randal), J.P.; father of Sir A. C. Boult. British Library Catalogue Boult (Edwina), wife of J. Boult. British Library Catalogue Boult (Jeremy), of Stoke‐sub‐Hamdon. British Library Catalogue Boult (Miss Edina), relation of Sir A. C. Boult. British Library Catalogue Boult (Olive Isabel Eileen), sister of Sir A. Boult. British Library Catalogue Boult formerly Wilson née Bowles (Ann), wife of Sir A. British Library Catalogue Boult. Boult née Barman (Katherine Florence), mother of Sir A. British Library Catalogue Boult. * Boult, Sir Adrian Cedric (1889‐1983) Knight Conductor Tim Reynish (private Survey return collection)[previously unknown] Boult, Sir Adrian Cedric (1889‐1983) Knight Conductor BBC Written Archives NRA Boult, Sir Adrian Cedric (1889‐1983) Knight Conductor British Library Catalogue Boult, Sir Adrian Cedric (1889‐1983) Knight Conductor Cumbria Record Office, Carlisle NRA Headquarters Boult, Sir Adrian Cedric (1889‐1983) Knight Conductor Gloucestershire Archives NRA Boult, Sir Adrian Cedric (1889‐1983) Knight Conductor Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA 59 Western Manuscripts Boulter formerly Carte (Helen), widow of Richard D'Oyly British Library Catalogue Carte; wife (1902) of S. C. Boulter. Bourne, Florence Eliza (fl 1873‐1929) Contralto Singer, Birmingham: Archives and Heritage NRA Known As Madame Bourne, Birmingham Service Bowen (Edwin York), composer. British Library Catalogue Bower (Sir John Dykes), organist. British Library Catalogue Boyd (William), singing teacher, of Belfast. British Library Catalogue Boydell, Brian (1917‐2000), composer and Professor of British Library Catalogue Music Boydell, Brian (1917‐2000), composer and Professor of Trinity College Dublin NRA Music Boyer (William Hurst), conductor. British Library Catalogue Boyle, Ina (Selina) (composer) 1889 ‐ 1967 Trinity College, Dublin Survey Return Boyle, Ina (Selina) (composer) 1889 ‐ 1967 National Library of Ireland Survey return Boyle, Rory (b 1951) Composer Scottish Music Centre NRA Bradbury, Ernest (1919 ‐ 1994) Leeds University Archives hub Bramley (Natalie), soprano. British Library Catalogue Bravington (Eric), Managing Director and Secretary, British Library Catalogue London Philharmonic Orchestra. Braybrooks (Monica), of Petersfield Choral Society. British Library Catalogue Bream (Julian Alexander), guitarist and lutenist. British Library Catalogue Breitkopf & Härtel, music publishers. British Library Catalogue Brema (Marie), singer. British Library Catalogue Brewer (Michael), of Chetham's School of Music. British Library Catalogue Brian, Havergal (1876‐1972) Composer British Library NRA Brian, Havergal (1876‐1972) Composer Keele University. Havergal Brian society Website Archive Brian, Havergal (1876‐1972) Composer Manchester University: John Rylands NRA Library Briant (Bernard), singer. British Library Catalogue Bridge (Frank), composer. British Library Catalogue Bridge (Frank), composer Royal College of Music Website Bridge, Joseph Cox (1853‐1929) Organist Composer and Cheshire Archives and Local Studies NRA Musical Antiquary Bridge, Sir John Frederick (1844‐1924) Knight Organist Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Composer and Musical Antiquary Western Manuscripts Bridgewater (Leslie), of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Brierley (W. B.), pianist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Brison (Roger), of the music publishing firm, Boosey & British Library Catalogue Hawkes. British Council, Music Advisory Committee National Archives Website British Music Society Archives Trinity College of Music Survey return Britten, Edward Benjamin (1913‐1976) Composer . British Library Catalogue Britten, Edward Benjamin (1913‐1976) Composer Britten‐Pears Foundation Website Britten, Edward Benjamin (1913‐1976) Composer Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Western Manuscripts Britten, Edward Benjamin (1913‐1976) Composer Oxford University: Merton College NRA Library Britten, Edward Benjamin (1913‐1976) Composer Tate Gallery Archive NRA Britten, Edward Benjamin (1913‐1976) Composer West Sussex Record Office NRA Britton (Peter), percussion player. British Library Catalogue Broadwood (Evelyn), of John Broadwood & Sons, British Library Catalogue pianoforte makers. Broadwood, John Royal Academy of Music KH report Brodsky, Adolf (1851‐1929) Russian Violinist Elgar Birthplace Museum NRA Brodsky, Adolf (1851‐1929) Russian Violinist Royal Northern College of Music Survey return Brooke (Harold L.), of Novello & Co., music publishers. British Library Catalogue Brookes (Richard), of the British Music Society. British Library Catalogue Brooks (John), of the Robert Simpson Society. British Library Catalogue 60 Brown (David), sec., Havergal Brian Society. British Library Catalogue Brown (H. Milner), Chairman, Liverpool Philharmonic British Library Catalogue Society. Brown (Kenneth), Hon. Director, British Youth Symphony British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Brown (Laurence), pianist. British Library Catalogue Brown (Rosemary), b. 1917. British Library Catalogue Brown, Arthur Henry (1830‐1926) Organist and Essex Record Office NRA Composer Browne, William Charles Denis (1888‐1915) Composer Cambridge University: King's College NRA Archive Centre Brunelleschi (Elsa), choreographer. British Library Catalogue Buckhalter (Edwin), of Severn House Publishers Ltd. British Library Catalogue Buckley Jones (Walter), stepfather of P. A. Heseltine. British Library Catalogue Buesst (Capt. Aylmer), conductor and composer. British Library Catalogue Bullock (John), of the Cheltenham Festival. British Library Catalogue Bullock (Sir Ernest), organist and composer. British Library Catalogue Bunting (Christopher), cellist. British Library Catalogue Burden (Irene), musician. British Library Catalogue Burgess (Grayston), singer. British Library Catalogue Burnett (Richard Leslie), pianist; b.1932. British Library Catalogue Burton (Hal), theatre designer. British Library Catalogue Burton (Humphrey McGuire), musical presenter and British Library Catalogue director; b.1931. Burton (Jonathan Gwynne), musician. British Library Catalogue Busby (Thomas R.), managing director, London British Library Catalogue Symphony Orchestra. Busch (Nicholas), chairman, London Philharmonic British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Bush (Alan Dudley), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Bush (Geoffrey), composer. British Library Catalogue Bush (Grace), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Bush (Nancy Rachel), wife of Alan Bush, composer. British Library Catalogue Bush, Alan Dudley (1900‐1995) Composer Birmingham: Archives and Heritage NRA Service Bush, Geoffrey (1920 ‐ 1998) Exeter University Archives hub Busoni (Ferruccio Dante Michelangiolo Benvenuto), British Library Catalogue composer and pianist. Busoni (Rafaello), son of F. Busoni. British Library Catalogue Busoni née Sjöstrand (Gerda), wife of F. Busoni. British Library Catalogue Busoni, Ferruccio Benvenuto (1866‐1924) Composer Birmingham University Information NRA Services, Special Collections Department Butcher (Edwin W.), of Ryde & District Recorded Music British Library Catalogue Society. Butt (James Henry Baseden), composer. British Library Catalogue Butt afterw. Rumford (Clara Ellen Kennerley), D.B.E.; British Library Catalogue contralto. Butt, James Baseden (b 1929) Composer West Sussex Record Office NRA Butterworth (Arthur), musician. British Library Catalogue Butterworth (George Santon Kaye), composer and folk British Library Catalogue music collector. Butterworth, Arthur (b 1923), trumpeter, conductor and Royal Northern College of Music NRA composer Butterworth, George Sainton Kaye (1885‐1916) Butterworth Trust Survey return Composer and Folk Song Collector Butterworth, George Sainton Kaye (1885‐1916) Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Composer and Folk Song Collector Western Manuscripts Butterworth, George Sainton Kaye (1885‐1916) Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Composer and Folk Song Collector Western Manuscripts Butting (Max), German composer. British Library Catalogue 61 Byard (Theo), singer; afterw. director of Heinemann Ltd., British Library Catalogue publishers. Caddy (Cyril), of E.M.I. advertising division. British Library Catalogue Cage (John), composer British Library Catalogue Caillard (Maurice), pianist. British Library Catalogue Calvert (Samuel), member of the Sheffield Choir. British Library Catalogue Cameron (Francis), Master of Music, Westminster British Library Catalogue Cathedral. Caminer (Matthew J. T.), of Opus, Choral Society. British Library Catalogue Campian Consort. British Library Catalogue Candler (M. T.), of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Cardew (Cornelius), composer. British Library Catalogue Cardew (Dr H. J.), of Chorleywood. British Library Catalogue Cardew neé Wood (Tatiana), wife of Lieut. G. J. Cardew. British Library Catalogue Cardus, Sir Neville (1889‐1975) Knight Music Critic Leeds University Library, Special NRA Collections Cardus, Sir Neville (1889‐1975) Knight Music Critic Manchester University: John Rylands NRA Library Cardus, Sir Neville (1889‐1975) Knight Music Critic Reading University Library: Special NRA Collections Carey (Francis Clive Savill), baritone. British Library Catalogue Carey, Francis Clive Savill (1883‐1968) Singer and Folk Cambridge University Library, NRA Song Collector Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Carey, Francis Clive Savill (1883‐1968) Singer and Folk Cambridge University: King's College NRA Song Collector Archive Centre Carey, Francis Clive Savill (1883‐1968) Singer and Folk English Folk Dance and Song Society: NRA Song Collector Vaughan Williams Memorial Library Carey, Francis Clive Savill (1883‐1968) Singer and Folk Hagley Hall NRA Song Collector Carpenter (John Alden), American composer. British Library Catalogue Carrell (Norman), conductor. British Library Catalogue Carrington (Simon), singer. British Library Catalogue Carritt, Reginald Graham (d 1980), musician and Royal College of Music NRA lecturer Carroll (Ida), President, Incorporated Society of British Library Catalogue Musicians. Carroll (Walter, Ida and Elsa Carroll) Royal Northern College of Music Survey return Carse (Adam von Ahn), composer and writer on music. British Library Catalogue Carter (Elliott Cook), composer. British Library Catalogue Carter (Mrs O). British Library Catalogue Casals (Pablo), cellist and composer. British Library Catalogue Case (John Carol), singer. British Library Catalogue Casella (Alfredo), composer. British Library Catalogue Casey (Terence). British Library Catalogue Casson (Sir Lewis), actor and theatrical producer. British Library Catalogue Castelnuovo‐Tedesco (Mario), Italian composer and British Library Catalogue pianist. Castelvecchio (Linetta Palamidessi de), Serena Professor British Library Catalogue of Italian at University of Birmingham; wife of Rev. Dr R. D. Richardson. Cave (K. Robin S.), conductor. British Library Catalogue Chabannes La Palice née Polignac (Comtesse Armande British Library Catalogue de), musician. Chagrin (Francis), composer. British Library Catalogue Chaplin (H.), maker of keyboard instruments, of British Library Catalogue Letchworth. Chapman (Ernest), concert manager. British Library Catalogue Chapman (Guy Patterson), O.B.E.; publisher. British Library Catalogue Chatterton (Vivienne), singer. British Library Catalogue 62 Chemet (Renée), violinist. British Library Catalogue Cherilland (Camilla), French composer and conductor. British Library Catalogue Child (Harold), baritone. British Library Catalogue Chissell (Joan Olive), music critic. British Library Catalogue Choveaux (Nicholas), composer and concert agent. British Library Catalogue Christie (John), founder of the Glyndebourne opera. British Library Catalogue Clark (Derek J.), of Welsh National Opera. British Library Catalogue Clark (Edward), composer and conductor. British Library Catalogue Clark, Edward (d 1962) Composer and Conductor British Library NRA Clarke (Bruce J.), musician. British Library Catalogue Clarke (Catherine), of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Clarke (Sir Henry Ashley), G.C.M.G.; Director, Royal British Library Catalogue Academy of Music. Clarke‐Smith (D. A.), of Oxford University Dramatic British Library Catalogue Society. Clayton (Henry R.), of Novello & Co. British Library Catalogue Clemens (Cyril Coniston), President, International Mark British Library Catalogue Twain Society. Cleobury (Nicholas Randall), organist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Cleobury (Stephen John), organist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Cleverdon (Douglas), of the British Broadcasting British Library Catalogue Corporation. Cliffe, Frederic (1857‐1931), musician, composer and Royal College of Music NRA teacher Coates (Albert), conductor and composer. British Library Catalogue Coates (Eric), composer. British Library Catalogue Coates (John), tenor. British Library Catalogue Coates (Madelon), wife of Albert Coates. British Library Catalogue Coates, Edith/Powell‐lloyd, harold Cambridge University Library Survey return Cobbett (Walter Wilson), musician. British Library Catalogue Cockerill (G. T.). musician British Library Catalogue Cockerill (John), harpsichordist. British Library Catalogue Coffin, Charles Hayden (1862‐1935) Singer and Actor Richmond Local Studies Library NRA Cohen (Alexander), violinist and man of letters. British Library Catalogue Cohen (Harriet), C.B.E.; pianist. British Library Catalogue Cohen, Harriet (1896‐1967) Pianist Cambridge University Library, NRA Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Cohen, Harriet (1896‐1967) Pianist London University: University College NRA London (UCL) Special Collections Cohen, Harriet (1896‐1967) Pianist Royal Academy of Music KH report Cole (William Charles), D. Mus.; organist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Cole, Maurice (1905‐1984) Pianist Corporation of London Record Office: NRA City of London Colegrove (Michael), publisher. British Library Catalogue Coleman (Ellen), composer. British Library Catalogue Coleridge‐Taylor (Gwendolen afterw. Avril), daughter of British Library Catalogue S. Coleridge‐Taylor; conductor and composer. Coleridge‐Taylor (Samuel), composer. British Library Catalogue Collections Royal College of Music Survey return Colles, Henry Cope Royal College of Music AIM25 Colles, Henry Cope (1879‐1943) Musician and Historian British Library NRA Collinson, Francis M (1898‐1985), folklorist and English Folk Dance and Song Society: NRA musician Vaughan Williams Memorial Library Collinson, Francis M (1898‐1985), folklorist and National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA musician Collections Colman (Ethel), of Carrow Abbey, Norwich. British Library Catalogue Columbia Artists Management, Inc. British Library Catalogue Composer files from 1923 OUP Survey return Composers' Guild of Great Britain. British Library Catalogue 63 Compton (John) Organ Company. British Library Catalogue Connock (S. L.), of the Polytechnic of Central London. British Library Catalogue Connolly (Justin Riveagh), composer. British Library Catalogue Constable (L. D.), of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Cook (Elizabeth Crosby), daughter of Col. Norman British Library Catalogue Porteous, irrigation engineer and baton maker. Cook (Gerald A.), Director of Outside Broadcasts of the British Library Catalogue B.B.C. Cook (Kenneth), composer and writer on music. British Library Catalogue Cooke (Alfred Alistair), K.B.E.; journalist and British Library Catalogue broadcaster. Cooke (Arnold Atkinson), composer. British Library Catalogue Cooke, Arnold Atkinson (b 1906) composer, music Cambridge University: King's College NRA teacher Archive Centre Cooke, Deryck Cambridge University Library Survey return Cope (Cecil), composer. British Library Catalogue Copland (Aaron), composer. British Library Catalogue Copley (Ian Alfred), composer. British Library Catalogue Copper, Bob (1915‐2004), Folk singer Sussex University Library Special NRA Collections Cortot (Alfred Denis), pianist. British Library Catalogue Costelli (Camille), pianist. British Library Catalogue Cottrau (Giulio), composer. British Library Catalogue Couch (Ivy D. R.), singer. British Library Catalogue Coulthard, William M (fl 1983), organist Nottinghamshire Archives NRA Coulthard, William M (fl 1983), organist Royal College of Music NRA Coventry (Charles), music publisher. British Library Catalogue Cowan (Christopher), Director of Music, Uppingham British Library Catalogue School. Coward (Sir Henry), chorus‐master and conductor. British Library Catalogue Coward, Sir Noel (1899‐1973) Knight, playwright and Birmingham University Information NRA composer Services, Special Collections Department Coward, Sir Noel (1899‐1973) Knight, playwright and British Film Institute, Special Collections NRA composer Coward, Sir Noel (1899‐1973) Knight, playwright and British Library NRA composer Coward, Sir Noel (1899‐1973) Knight, playwright and Cambridge University: Churchill Archives NRA composer Centre Coward, Sir Noel (1899‐1973) Knight, playwright and Manchester University: John Rylands NRA composer Library Coward, Sir Noel (1899‐1973) Knight, playwright and V&A Department of Theatre and NRA composer Performance (formerly) Theatre Museum Archive Cowen (Sir Frederic Hymen), composer. British Library Catalogue Cowen, Sir Frederic Hymen (1852‐1935) Knight Elgar Birthplace Museum NRA Composer and Conductor Crabtree (Stephen R.), managing director, London British Library Catalogue Philharmonic Orchestra. Craft (Robert), conductor and writer on music. British Library Catalogue Craig (Harold), of Sutton Coldfield Philharmonic Society. British Library Catalogue Craigie (William Leith), of the Cleveland Training and British Library Catalogue Employment Council. Craine (Eileen), sec., British Federation of Music British Library Catalogue Festivals. Cramer (J. B.) and Co. British Library Catalogue Crane (Kenneth), composer. British Library Catalogue Craxton (Antony), of the Craxton Memorial Trust. British Library Catalogue Creighton (Walter R.), baritone. British Library Catalogue Cresswell, Lyell (b 1944) Composer Scottish Music Centre NRA Crisp (John), sec., National Federation of Music British Library Catalogue 64 Societies. Croft (Margaret), of the Butterworth Trust. British Library Catalogue Crompton, Dorothy London Metropolitan Archives AIM25 Crook (Bernard), musician, of Hampstead. British Library Catalogue Cropper (Marjorie), of Kendal. British Library Catalogue Cross (Joan), singer. British Library Catalogue Cross, Joan (1900‐1993) singer, teacher and opera Britten‐Pears Library NRA administrator Crossley (Paul), pianist. British Library Catalogue Crossley‐Holland (Peter), of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Crowley (Robert), organist? British Library Catalogue Crozier, Eric Britten‐Pears Foundation Website Cruft (John), of the Arts Council of Great Britain. British Library Catalogue Cruft, Adrian Royal College of Music AIM25 Crumb (George Henry), composer. British Library Catalogue Cuénod (Hugues Adhémar), Swiss tenor. British Library Catalogue Cullen (Margery M.), M.B.E.; pianist and festival British Library Catalogue organiser. CUMadrigal Society Archive Cambridge University Library Survey return CUMC archive Cambridge University Library Survey return CUMS Archive Cambridge University Library Survey return Cundell (Edric), conductor and composer. British Library Catalogue Curzon (Sir Clifford Michael), pianist. British Library Catalogue Curzon née Wallace (Lucille), pianist and harpsichordist. British Library Catalogue Dagul (Harvey), pianist. British Library Catalogue Dakers (Lionel), organist. British Library Catalogue Dale (Benjamin James), composer. British Library Catalogue Dallapiccola (Luigi), composer. British Library Catalogue D'Alvarez (Marguerite), opera‐singer. British Library Catalogue Damrosch (Walter), composer and conductor. British Library Catalogue Daniel (Paul), conductor. British Library Catalogue Dannatt, George and Ann Cambridge University Library Survey return Dare, Margaret Marie (1902‐1976) Composer Scottish Music Centre NRA Darke (Harold Edwin), organist. British Library Catalogue Darnton (Philip Christian), composer. British Library Catalogue Dougherty (Barbara), singer British Library Catalogue Dougherty (Patrick), singer British Library Catalogue Davie (Cedric Thorpe), composer. British Library Catalogue Davie, Cedric Thorpe (1913‐1983), composer Scottish Music Centre NRA Davie, Cedric Thorpe (1913‐1983), composer St Andrews University Library NRA Davies (Albert Meredith), Principal, Trinity College of British Library Catalogue Music. Davies (Benjamin Grey), tenor. British Library Catalogue Davies (Charles), conductor. British Library Catalogue Davies (Eiluned), pianist. British Library Catalogue Davies (Fanny), pianist. British Library Catalogue Davies (Gwendoline Elizabeth), C.H.; patroness of the British Library Catalogue arts. Davies (H. H.), of Hamish Hamilton Ltd., publishers. British Library Catalogue Davies (Sir Henry Walford), Master of the King's Music. British Library Catalogue Davies (Sir Peter Maxwell), composer. British Library Catalogue Davies, Evan Thomas (1878 ‐ 1969) Bangor University Archives hub Davies, John Breese (1893‐1940) Author and Musician National Museum Cardiff (formerly) St NRA Fagans National History Museum Davies, Sir Henry Walford (1869‐1941) Knight Composer British Library NRA Organist Broadcaster Davies, Sir Henry Walford (1869‐1941) Knight Composer Elgar Birthplace Museum NRA Organist Broadcaster Davies, Sir Henry Walford (1869‐1941) Knight Composer National Library of Wales: Department NRA Organist Broadcaster of Collection Services 65 Davies, Sir Henry Walford (1869‐1941) Knight Composer Royal College of Music NRA Organist Broadcaster Davies, Sir Henry Walford (1869‐1941) Knight Composer St George's Chapel Archives and Chapter NRA Organist Broadcaster Library Davis (Sir Colin Rex), conductor. British Library Catalogue Davison (Alice), wife of Dr A. T. Davison. British Library Catalogue Davison (Arthur), conductor. British Library Catalogue Davison (James William), music critic. British Library Catalogue Dawkins (Kenneth R.), pianist. British Library Catalogue Dawson (Frederick), pianist. British Library Catalogue de Lara (Adelina), pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue De Peyer, Gervase Tim Reynish (private Survey return collection)[unknown] Dean (Basil), impresario. British Library Catalogue Dean (Mrs Josephine J.), manager of Vox Humana British Library Catalogue Recording Limited. Dearnley (Christopher Hugh), organist. British Library Catalogue Del Mar (Jonathan), conductor. British Library Catalogue Del Mar (Norman), conductor. British Library Catalogue Delbrück (Mrs Helene), of Leverkusen. British Library Catalogue Delius (Frederick Theodore Albert), composer. British Library Catalogue Delius née Rosen (Jelka Helen), wife of Frederick Delius. British Library Catalogue Delius, Frederick (1862‐1934) Musical Composer Delius Trust Survey return Deller (Alfred George), countertenor. British Library Catalogue Denison (John Law), horn player. British Library Catalogue Denison, John Royal College of Music AIM25 Denisov (Edison Vasil'yevich), composer. British Library Catalogue Dennis (Brian), composer. British Library Catalogue Denny (James), M.B.E.; Professor of Music, University of British Library Catalogue Leeds. Dent, Edward Cambridge University Library Survey return Denton (John R.), of Ernest Benn Ltd. British Library Catalogue Dickinson (Peter), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Dickson (Katharine Joan Balfour), cellist. British Library Catalogue Dieren, Bernard Van (1884‐1936) Dutch composer British Library NRA Dillon (James), composer. British Library Catalogue Dodgson (Stephen), composer. British Library Catalogue Dohnányi (Erno), composer; d.1960. British Library Catalogue Dohnányi (O), father of E. Dohnányi. British Library Catalogue Dohnányi (O), mother of E. Dohnányi. British Library Catalogue Dohnányi née Galafrès (Elsa), 2nd wife of E. Dohnányi. British Library Catalogue Dolmetsch (Eugène Arnold), musician and writer. British Library Catalogue Dolmetsch, Rudolph Arnold (1906‐1942), composer, Royal College of Music NRA conductor and musician Doonan (Michael), singer. British Library Catalogue Doris Armitage Royal College of Music NRA Dossor (Lance), pianist. British Library Catalogue Douglas (Richard Roy), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Douglas (Saul), conductor. British Library Catalogue Downes (Ralph William), organist. British Library Catalogue Du Pré (Iris), mother of J. Du Pré. British Library Catalogue Dubois (Marie). musician British Library Catalogue Dundee Jazz Club University of Dundee Archive Services SCAN Dunhill (Thomas Frederick), composer. British Library Catalogue Dunhill, Thomas Royal College of Music AIM25 Dunn (John), violinist. British Library Catalogue Dyson (Sir George), composer. British Library Catalogue Dyson, Sir George (1883‐1964) Knight Organist and Cambridge University: King's College NRA Composer Archive Centre Early Welsh Music Society Bangor University Archives hub 66 East (Sylvia C.), Hon. Sec., The Henry Wood National British Library Catalogue Memorial Trust. Eastwood (R. L.), of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Eberhardt (Siegfried), violinist. British Library Catalogue Edwards (Alfred), of the Musicians' Union. British Library Catalogue Edwards (J. L.), Chairman, Birmingham Philharmonic British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Edwards, Jack (1853‐1942), bookseller and musician National Library of Wales: Department NRA of Collection Services Eisler (Hanns), composer. British Library Catalogue Elgar (Mary), great‐niece of Sir Edward Elgar. British Library Catalogue Elgar (Sir Edward William), Bart.; O.M.; composer.. British Library Catalogue Elgar, Sir Edward Worcester Cathedral Library Survey return Elgar, Sir Edward William (1857‐1934) 1st Baronet Birmingham University Information NRA Composer Services, Special Collections Department Elgar, Sir Edward William (1857‐1934) 1st Baronet British Library NRA Composer Elgar, Sir Edward William (1857‐1934) 1st Baronet Elgar Birthplace Museum NRA Composer Elgar, Sir Edward William (1857‐1934) 1st Baronet Herefordshire Record Office NRA Composer Elgar, Sir Edward William (1857‐1934) 1st Baronet Leeds University Library, Special NRA Composer Collections Elgar, Sir Edward William (1857‐1934) 1st Baronet London University: Senate House Library NRA Composer Elgar, Sir Edward William (1857‐1934) 1st Baronet West Sussex Record Office NRA Composer Elgar, Sir Edward William (1857‐1934) 1st Baronet Worcestershire Record Office, County NRA Composer Hall Branch Elias (Brian), composer. British Library Catalogue Elkin (Robert Stiebel), music publisher and author. British Library Catalogue Elkin and Co., music publishers, of London. British Library Catalogue Elliott (Vernon P.), conductor and bassoonist. British Library Catalogue Ellis (Osian), C.B.E.; harpist. British Library Catalogue Elman (Mischa), violinist. British Library Catalogue Elwes (Gervase Henry Cary), tenor. British Library Catalogue Enesco (Georges), Rumanian composer. British Library Catalogue English Bach Festival Trust. British Library Catalogue English Folk Song and Dance Society. British Library Catalogue Eskdale, George (1897‐1960) Musician Tyne and Wear Archives NRA Evans (Harry), conductor. British Library Catalogue Evans (Nancy), President, Society of Women Musicians. British Library Catalogue Evans née Murrill (Carolyn), daughter of H. Murrill, British Library Catalogue composer. Evans, Edwin Westminster Music Library Survey return Evans, Nancy (1915‐2000) singer and teacher Britten‐Pears Library NRA Eversfield (Harry A.), singing actor. British Library Catalogue Fachiri (Adila Adrienne Adalbertina Maria), violinist. British Library Catalogue Fachiri (Mrs P. G.), mother‐in‐law of Adila Fachiri. British Library Catalogue Fachiri‐Camilloni née Fachiri (Adrienne), daughter of British Library Catalogue Adila Fachiri. Fagan (Gideon), composer; head of music, South African British Library Catalogue Broadcasting Corporation. Fagge (Arthur), composer and conductor. British Library Catalogue Fairfax (Bryan), conductor. British Library Catalogue Falkner (Sir Donald Keith), singer; Director, Royal British Library Catalogue College of Music. Falla (Manuel de), composer. British Library Catalogue Farjeon (Harry), composer. British Library Catalogue Farmer, George henry (1882 ‐ 1925) Glasgow University, Special Collections SCAN 67 Dept Farncombe (Charles), conductor. British Library Catalogue Farnham Festival. British Library Catalogue Fellowes (Canon Edmund Horace), music editor. British Library Catalogue Feodore, Beatrice Mary Victoria (1857‐1944) Princess, Oxford University: Nuffield College NRA Governor of the Isle of Wight and Musician Library Feodore, Beatrice Mary Victoria (1857‐1944) Princess, Public Record Office of Northern Ireland NRA Governor of the Isle of Wight and Musician Feodore, Beatrice Mary Victoria (1857‐1944) Princess, Royal Archives NRA Governor of the Isle of Wight and Musician Ferber (Albert), pianist. British Library Catalogue Fercisova (Liza), pianist. British Library Catalogue Ferguson (Howard), composer. British Library Catalogue Ferneyhough (Brian John Peter), composer. British Library Catalogue Ferrier (Kathleen Mary), contralto. British Library Catalogue Festival Fringe Society Glasgow University Archives hub Fiedler (Max), composer. British Library Catalogue Fiedler, Ethel (1891 ‐ 1945) Bodleian Library Archives hub Field‐Hyde (Margaret), singer. British Library Catalogue Fields, Dame Gracie (1898‐1979) Actress Singer and London Metropolitan Archives NRA Comedienne Finnissy (Michael Peter), composer. British Library Catalogue Finzi (Gerald), composer. British Library Catalogue Finzi (Joyce Amy), artist; wife of Gerald Finzi. British Library Catalogue Finzi, Gerald (1901 ‐ 1956) Reading University Library: Special Archives hub Collections Finzi, Gerald (1901‐1956), composer Gloucestershire Archives NRA Finzi, Gerald (1901‐1956), composer St Andrews University Library NRA Finzi, Gerald (1901‐1956), composer West Sussex Record Office NRA Fischer (Carl), of Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Fischer (Raymond), pianist. British Library Catalogue Fisher (Esther). British Library Catalogue Fisher (Theodora), wife of Edwin Fisher. British Library Catalogue Flagstad (Kirsten), singer. British Library Catalogue Fleming (Iain D. Barber), Chairman of the Board of British Library Catalogue Governors, Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama. Fleming, Christopher Kaye Le (b 1908) Composer British Library NRA Flesch (Carl), violinist. British Library Catalogue Fletcher (Stuart), music critic of 'The Daily Herald'. British Library Catalogue Fleury (Louis François), French flautist. British Library Catalogue Flothuis (Marius Hendrikus), composer. British Library Catalogue Fluck (Alan), music administrator and composer. British Library Catalogue Foggin (Myers), musician and conductor. British Library Catalogue Foldes (Andor), pianist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Fonteyn de Arias (Dame Margot), ballet dancer. British Library Catalogue Forbes (Sebastian), composer. British Library Catalogue Forbes (Watson), viola player. British Library Catalogue Forbes, Robert Jaffrey (1878‐1958) Pianist and Manchester University: John Rylands NRA Conductor Library Ford (Peter), conductor. British Library Catalogue Forman (Nora), heiress and patron of music. British Library Catalogue Fortuin (H. B.), of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Foss, Hubert James (1899‐1953) music critic British Library NRA Foster (Muriel), mezzo‐soprano. British Library Catalogue Foulds (John Herbert), composer. British Library Catalogue Foulds, John (1880‐1939) Composer Borthwick Institute for Archives: NRA University of York Foulds, John (1880‐1939) Composer British Library NRA Fox (Douglas Gerard Arthur), D.Mus.; b.1893; director of British Library Catalogue 68 music, Clifton College, Bristol. Fox‐Strangways (Arthur Henry). British Library Catalogue Frank (Alan), head of music, Oxford University Press. British Library Catalogue Frankel (Benjamin), composer. Letter to E. Chapman, British Library Catalogue 1960. 59814, f. 54. Frankl (Peter), pianist. British Library Catalogue Franklin (Colin), literary editor. British Library Catalogue Fraser (Marjory Kennedy), singer. British Library Catalogue Fraser, Marjory Kennedy (d 1930) Singer Edinburgh University Library, Special NRA Collections Freccia (Massimo), conductor. British Library Catalogue Frere (Elizabeth), features editor, 'Woman's Journal'. British Library Catalogue Fricker (Peter Racine), composer. British Library Catalogue Friedberg (Annie), concert manager. British Library Catalogue Friskin (Rebecca), composer. British Library Catalogue Frost (Ethel M.), member of the Bach Choir. British Library Catalogue Fuller‐Maitland (John Alexander), music critic. British Library Catalogue Fulton (Robert Norman), composer. British Library Catalogue Gaddarn (James), conductor. British Library Catalogue Gál (Hans), composer. British Library Catalogue Gale (John), Chairman, Community Concert Promotions, British Library Catalogue Northampton. Ganz (Albert), son of Wilhelm Ganz. British Library Catalogue Garden, Mary Royal College of Music AIM25 Gardiner (Henry Balfour), composer. British Library Catalogue Gardner, john National Library of Scotland SCAN Garvey (John C.), viola player. British Library Catalogue Gavoty (Bernard), organist. British Library Catalogue Gay (Brian), of the Royal Opera House. British Library Catalogue Gellhorn, Peter (1912‐2004), conductor, composer and British Library NRA pianist Gerhard (Roberto), composer. British Library Catalogue Gerhard, Roberto Juan Rene (1896‐1970) Composer Cambridge University Library, NRA Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Gerhard, Roberto Juan Rene (1896‐1970) Composer Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Western Manuscripts Gerhardt (Claire), mother of E. Gerhardt, singer. British Library Catalogue Gerhardt (Elena), mezzo‐soprano. British Library Catalogue Gerhardt (Reinhold), father of E. Gerhardt, singer. British Library Catalogue German formerly Jones (Sir Edward), composer. British Library Catalogue Gibbons, Lucy Jane (b 1887), musician Royal College of Music NRA Gibbs (Cecil Armstrong), composer. British Library Catalogue Gibbs, Cecil Armstrong (1889‐1960) Composer Britten‐Pears Foundation Website Gibbs, Cecil Armstrong (1889‐1960) Composer Cambridge University Library, NRA Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Gibson (R. D.), director, J. W. Chester, Ltd., music British Library Catalogue publishers. Gibson (Sir Alexander Drummond), conductor. British Library Catalogue Gibson, Sir Alexander Drummond (1926‐1995) Knight National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Musician Collections Gieseking (Walter), pianist. British Library Catalogue Gilbert (Anthony John), composer. British Library Catalogue Gilels (Emil), pianist. British Library Catalogue Gipps (Ruth), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Glasgow Unitarian Youth Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Glasser (Stanley), composer. British Library Catalogue Glock (Sir William), music critic and administrator. British Library Catalogue Godfrey (Sir Daniel Eyers), conductor, Bournemouth British Library Catalogue 69 Municipal Orchestra. Goehr (Alexander Peter), composer. British Library Catalogue Goehr (Walter), al. 'George Walter'; conductor. British Library Catalogue Golden (Herbert), pianist. British Library Catalogue Goldsbrough (Arnold), harpsichordist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Gomperti (Miss Terry), of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Goodall, Reginald Royal Opera House AIM25 Goodson, Katharine Royal College of Music AIM25 *Goossens, Leon Tim Reynish (private Survey return collection)[previously unknown] Goossens (Eugène), conductor; d.1906. British Library Catalogue Goossens (Léon), oboist. Letter to R. Boughton, 1934. British Library Catalogue 52364, f. 95. Goossens (Sidonie), harpist; daughter of Eugene British Library Catalogue Goossens. Goossens (Sir Aynsley Eugene), conductor and British Library Catalogue composer. Goossens, Eugene (1893‐1962) Knight, conductor and British Library NRA musical Critic Gordon Woodhouse née Gwynne (Violet), British Library Catalogue harpsichordist. Gorecki (Henryk Mikolaj), composer. British Library Catalogue Goss (John), baritone. British Library Catalogue Gough (Hugh), maker of harpsichords. British Library Catalogue Gould (Glenn Herbert), Canadian pianist, writer and British Library Catalogue composer. Grace (Harvey), organist. British Library Catalogue Graham, Irvin National Library of Scotland SCAN Grainger (Percy Aldridge formerly George Percy), British Library Catalogue composer. Grainger, Percy Aldridge (1882‐1961) Composer and National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Pianist Collections Graubart (Michael), conductor. British Library Catalogue Gray (Alan), composer and organist. British Library Catalogue Gray (Cecil William Turpie), music critic. British Library Catalogue Gray (H. W.), music publisher, of New York. British Library Catalogue Gray (Stephen), manager, Philharmonia Concert Society. British Library Catalogue Gray, Cecil William Turpie (1895‐1951), music critic and Manchester University: John Rylands NRA composer Library Greatbalch (Winifred), member of the Bach Choir. British Library Catalogue Greene (Harry Plunket), Irish bass‐baritone. British Library Catalogue Greene, Harry Plunket (1865‐1936) Singer British Library NRA Greene, Harry Plunket (1865‐1936) Singer Leeds University Library, Special NRA Collections Greene, Harry Plunket (1865‐1936) Singer Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Western Manuscripts Greenwell (Charles), conductor. British Library Catalogue Greer (David Clive), music editor. British Library Catalogue Grenfell, Joyce Bristol University theatre Archives Survey return Grey (Dame Beryl), ballerina. British Library Catalogue Griffith (Anthony), of E.M.I. Ltd. British Library Catalogue Griffith, Robert David (d 1958) Musician Bangor University, Archives and Special NRA Collections Griffiths (Geoffrey), chairman, Bromley Symphony British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Grosbayne (Benjamin), conductor. British Library Catalogue Groves (Sir Charles Barnard), conductor. British Library Catalogue Groves, Sir Charles (1915‐1992) Conductor National Library of Wales: Department NRA of Collection Services Groves, Sir Charles (1915‐1992) Conductor NLW Archives 70 Wales Guest (Douglas Albert), Organist and Master of the British Library Catalogue Choristers, Westminster Abbey. Gundry (Inglis), composer and writer. British Library Catalogue Gunnarson (Torstein), Programme Director, Norwegian British Library Catalogue Broadcasting Company; Chairman, Kirsten Flagstad International Society. Gunnell (Robert), chairman, Brighton Philharmonic British Library Catalogue Society. Gurney (Ivor), song‐writer. British Library Catalogue Gurney, Ivor Bertie (1890‐1937) Poet and Composer Gloucestershire Archives NRA Guyatt (Andrew), vice‐chairman, British Music Society. British Library Catalogue Gwyther (G. M.), singer. British Library Catalogue Hacking (Leonard), musician. British Library Catalogue Hadden (Rev. Robert Henry), musician. British Library Catalogue Hadley (Patrick Arthur Sheldon), composer. British Library Catalogue Hadley née Stewart (Jean), viola player. British Library Catalogue Hadow, Sir William Henry (1859‐1937) Knight Scholar British Library NRA Educationist and Music Critic Hadow, Sir William Henry (1859‐1937) Knight Scholar Oxford University: Worcester College NRA Educationist and Music Critic Library Haendel (Ida), violinist. British Library Catalogue Haitink (Bernard Johann Herman), conductor. British Library Catalogue Halcian (Leonard), Master, Worshipful Company of British Library Catalogue Musicians. Halifax Choral Society Records West Yorkshire Archives, Calderdate Survey return Office Hall (Ernest), trumpeter and music teacher. British Library Catalogue Hall (Henry Robert), band‐leader. British Library Catalogue Hall (Martin), of Boosey & Hawkes, Ltd. British Library Catalogue Hall afterw. Baring (Marie), violinist. British Library Catalogue Hall, Marie (1884‐1956), Violinist British Library NRA Hall, Marie (1884‐1956), Violinist Gloucestershire Archives NRA Hallé Concerts Society. British Library Catalogue Halle, Charles Royal Northern College of Music Survey return Hallis (Adolph), South African pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue Halsey (Louis), conductor. British Library Catalogue Hambling (G. J. C.), of the Royal Academy of Music. British Library Catalogue Hambourg (Mark), pianist. British Library Catalogue Hammond (Dame Joan Hood), singer. British Library Catalogue Hamond (M.), piano teacher. British Library Catalogue Handley (Vernon George), conductor. British Library Catalogue Harrington (Howard D.), American tenor. British Library Catalogue Harris (Sir William Henry), organist and composer. British Library Catalogue Harrison (Beatrice), cellist. British Library Catalogue Harrison (Vernon), Honorary Treasurer of the Liszt British Library Catalogue Society. Hartog (Howard), of Ingpen & Williams Ltd., agents. British Library Catalogue Harty (Sir Herbert Hamilton), conductor and composer. British Library Catalogue Harty née Nicholls (Agnes Helen), C.B.E., singer; wife of British Library Catalogue Sir H. Harty. Harty, Hamilton (1879 ‐ 1941) QUB Archives hub Harvey (Isidore), pianist. British Library Catalogue Harvey (Jonathan David), composer. British Library Catalogue Harwood (Pamela), sec., Mendelssohn Scholarship and British Library Catalogue Boise Foundations. Harwood, Basil (1859‐1949) Musician and Composer Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Western Manuscripts Harwood, Elizabeth (1938 ‐ 1990) Royal Northern College of Music Archives hub Havergal (R. Henry), of the Royal Scottish Academy of British Library Catalogue 71 Music and Drama. Hawkes (Ralph), of Boosey and Hawkes, music British Library Catalogue publishers. Hawsley (Cyril D. B.), sec. to Sir T. Beecham. British Library Catalogue Hayes (Roland), tenor. British Library Catalogue Hayward, Richard Benjamin (1874‐1961), musician Library and Archives Canada NRA Head (Michael), composer. British Library Catalogue Headlam‐Morley, Else (1866 ‐ 1950) Durham University Archives hub Heath (Sir Edward Richard George), Prime Minister. British Library Catalogue Hedmondt (Emmanuel Christian [Charles]), singer. British Library Catalogue Hedmondt (Marie), music teacher; wife of E. C. British Library Catalogue Hedmondt. Heimeran (Margrit), of Ernst Heimeran Verlag. British Library Catalogue Heimler (Hans), of the B.B.C. Austrian Service. British Library Catalogue Heine (Rudolphus), brother‐in‐law of Paul Mendelssohn‐ British Library Catalogue Bartholdy of Berlin. Heinsheimer (Hans), of Boosey and Hawkes, New York. British Library Catalogue Helliwell (Clifton), music administrator. British Library Catalogue Hely‐Hutchinson (Prof. Christian Victor Noel Hope), British Library Catalogue composer. Hemmings (Peter William), opera company director. British Library Catalogue Henderson (Gavin), Manager, New Philharmonia British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Henderson (Roy), singer and conductor. British Library Catalogue Henle (Günther), music publisher. British Library Catalogue Henschel (Sir Isidor George), musician. British Library Catalogue Henschel, Sir George (1850‐1934), Knight singer British Library NRA Henschel, Sir George (1850‐1934), Knight singer National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Collections Henze (Hans Werner), composer. British Library Catalogue Herbage, Julian Britten‐Pears Foundation Website Herbert (Muriel), composer. British Library Catalogue Herrick (Christopher), organist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Herrmann (Bernard), composer. British Library Catalogue Hertzmann (Erich), Professor of Musicology, Columbia British Library Catalogue University. Hervey (Arthur), composer. British Library Catalogue Herz (Jacques Simon), pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue Heseltine (Arthur Joseph), uncle of P. A. Heseltine. British Library Catalogue Heseltine (Peter afterw. Nigel), son of P. A. Heseltine. British Library Catalogue Heseltine (Philip Arnold), al. 'Peter Warlock'; composer. British Library Catalogue Hess (Julia Myra), D.B.E.; pianist. British Library Catalogue Heugel and Company, French music publishers. British Library Catalogue Heward (Leslie Hays), composer. British Library Catalogue Heyner (Herbert), singer. British Library Catalogue Heyworth (Peter Lawrence Frederick), music critic. British Library Catalogue Heyworth, Peter Lawrence Frederick (1921‐1991), music Guardian News & Media Archive NRA critic (formerly the Newsroom) Higgs (W. T.), organist and composer. British Library Catalogue Hindemith (Paul), composer. British Library Catalogue Hinrichsen (H.), director of C. F. Peters & Co. British Library Catalogue Hirsch, paul Cambridge University Library Survey return Hirst (Linda), singer. British Library Catalogue Hislop, Joseph (1884‐1977), singer National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Collections Hlounová (Marie), violinist. British Library Catalogue Hoban (John Terence Anthony), conductor. British Library Catalogue Hobsbaum (S. B.), of Berlin. British Library Catalogue Hoddinott (Alun), composer. British Library Catalogue Hoddinott, Alun (1929‐2008), composer National Library of Wales: Department NRA 72 of Collection Services Hoffmann (Bruno), player and maker of musical glasses. British Library Catalogue Hoffnung (Gerard), artist, illustrator, musician and British Library Catalogue humorist. Hogwood (Christopher Jarvis Haley), harpsichordist. British Library Catalogue Holbrooke (Joseph afterw. Josef Charles), composer. British Library Catalogue Holbrooke, Josef Charles (1878‐1958), musician Birmingham University Information NRA Services, Special Collections Department Holbrooke, Josef Charles (1878‐1958), musician Cambridge University Library, NRA Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Holiday (Winifred), musician and suffragist. British Library Catalogue Holland (Ismena), wife of Theodore Holland, composer. British Library Catalogue Hollander (Benno), violinist and composer. British Library Catalogue Holland‐Ford (Robert), concert agent. British Library Catalogue Hollins (Alfred) British Library Catalogue Holloway (Robin Greville), composer. British Library Catalogue Holloway, Robin National Library of Scotland SCAN Holst (Gustav Theodore), composer. British Library Catalogue Holst (Imogen), composer and writer on music. British Library Catalogue Holst (Isobel), wife of Gustav Holst. British Library Catalogue Holst, Gustav Holst Birthplace Museum Archive Survey return Holst, Gustav (1874 ‐ 1934) Glasgow University, Special Collections SCAN Dept Holst, Imogen Clare (1907‐1984) Musician Britten‐Pears Foundation Website Holst, Imogen Clare (1907‐1984) Musician Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Western Manuscripts Holt (Simon), composer. British Library Catalogue Homer (James), music scribe. British Library Catalogue Hopkins (Antony), composer and writer on music. British Library Catalogue Hopkinson (Cecil), music bibliographer. British Library Catalogue Horne (Margaret), President, Leith Hill Musical Festival. British Library Catalogue Horner (Burnham W.), composer. British Library Catalogue Horovitz, Joseph (1926‐), composer Gerald Coke Handel Collection, The Survey return Foundling Museum Horsley (Colin Robert), pianist. British Library Catalogue Howard (George), Chairman, B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Howells (Herbert Norman), composer. British Library Catalogue Howells, Herbert Norman (1892‐1983) Composer Gloucestershire Archives NRA Howells, Herbert Norman (1892‐1983) Composer Royal College of Music AIM25 Howes, Frank Stewart (1891‐1974) Musician Critic and British Library NRA Writer Howes, Frank Stewart (1891‐1974) Musician Critic and Royal College of Music AIM25 Writer Howgill (R. J. F.), Controller, B.B.C. Music programmes. British Library Catalogue Huband (Paul), manager, B.B.C. Symphony Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Huddersfield Contemporary Music Festival University of Hudderfiled Survey return Hughes (Paul), conductor. British Library Catalogue Humphries (Roy E.), of London Charity Concert British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Hunt (Nina), singer. British Library Catalogue Hunter (Ian), of Harold Holt Ltd. British Library Catalogue Hurd, Michael John (1918‐2006), composer British Library NRA Hurd, Michael John (1918‐2006), composer Gloucestershire Archives NRA Hurst (George), conductor. British Library Catalogue Hutchings (Arthur James Bramwell), musicologist. British Library Catalogue Hutchinson, Victor Hely‐ (1901‐1947) Composer Trinity College Dublin NRA Director of Music of Bbc Hyllested, August (1856 ‐ 1946) Glasgow University Archives hub Hynd (Ronald), presenter of the Sanguine Fan ballet. British Library Catalogue 73 Ibberson (Miss O), of the Rural Schools Music British Library Catalogue Association. Ibbs and Tillett, music agents. British Library Catalogue Incorporated Society of Musicians. British Library Catalogue Ireland (John Nicholson), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Ireland, John Nicholson (1879‐1962) Composer BBC Written Archives Case Study Ireland, John Nicholson (1879‐1962) Composer Royal College of Music Website Irving (Ernest), conductor and composer. British Library Catalogue Irwin (Mercy), of Liverpool Music Guild. British Library Catalogue Isserlis (Julius), Russian pianist. British Library Catalogue Isserlis (R.), mother of Steven Isserlis. British Library Catalogue Isted (Ronald), of Musical Arts Department, B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Itter (Richard), sound engineer. British Library Catalogue Iwan, Dafydd (b 1943) Folk Singer and Poet National Library of Wales: Department NRA of Collection Services Jackson (Duncan), cousin (?) of P. A. Heseltine. British Library Catalogue Jackson (E. W. A.), sec., The Elgar Society. British Library Catalogue Jacob (Gordon Percival Septimus), composer. British Library Catalogue Jacobson (Maurice). British Library Catalogue Jacques (Reginald), conductor. British Library Catalogue James (Muriel), of Boosey and Hawkes, music British Library Catalogue publishers. Järnefelt (Arvid), brother of Armas Järnefelt, composer. British Library Catalogue Jaye Consort. British Library Catalogue Jeans née Hock (Susi), keyboard player and musicologist British Library Catalogue Jeans, Susi RCO Survey return Jenkins (Sir Thomas Gilmour), vice‐president of Royal British Library Catalogue Academy of Music and of Marine Society. Jenkinson, Ezra (fl 1931‐1954) Composer West Yorkshire Archive Service, NRA Calderdale Joachim (Joseph), violinist. British Library Catalogue Johnson (Marshall), musician and lecturer. British Library Catalogue Johnsson (Bengt), pianist. British Library Catalogue Johnston (William F.), chairman, Goldsmiths Choral British Library Catalogue Union. Johnstone (Harold Diack), organist. British Library Catalogue Johnstone‐Douglas (Walter), singer. British Library Catalogue Johnstone‐Wilson (A. F.), of the British Museum. British Library Catalogue Jonas (George S.), of the City of Birmingham Symphony British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Jones (Parry William John), tenor; of the Royal Opera British Library Catalogue House. Jones (Philip), conductor. British Library Catalogue Jones, Daniel Jenkyn (1912‐1993) Composer and National Library of Wales: Department NRA Conductor of Collection Services Jones, Dennis (d.2005) Royal Northern College of Music Archives hub Jones, Parry William John (1891‐1963) opera singer National Library of Wales: Department NRA of Collection Services Jones, W Bradwen (1892‐1976) composer National Library of Wales: Department NRA of Collection Services Jorda (Enrique), conductor. British Library Catalogue Jordan (Arthur), singer. British Library Catalogue Josephs (Wilfred), composer. British Library Catalogue Joubert (John Pierre Herman), composer. British Library Catalogue Jowett (Albert), Professor of Singing, Yorkshire Training British Library Catalogue College of Music. Joyce (Archibald), composer. British Library Catalogue Judd (George E.), orchestral manager. British Library Catalogue Judd (James), conductor. British Library Catalogue Kadosa (Pál), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue 74 Kagel (Mauricio Raúl), composer. British Library Catalogue Kalisch (Alfred), critic and translator. British Library Catalogue Kalisch, Alfred (1863‐1933) Music Critic Manchester University: John Rylands NRA Library Kalmus (Dr Alfred August Uhlrich), music publisher. British Library Catalogue Karg‐Elert (Elizabeth), wife of S. Karg‐Elert. British Library Catalogue Karg‐Elert (Sigfrid Theodor), organist and composer. British Library Catalogue Karpeles (Maud), folk‐song collector. British Library Catalogue Kastal'sky (Aleksandr), composer and musicologist. British Library Catalogue Katin (Peter), pianist. British Library Catalogue Kaye, A. W. West Yorkshire Archive Service, Kirklees Survey return Office Keith, Prowse & Co., Ltd., concert and musical agency. British Library Catalogue Keller (Hans), music critic. British Library Catalogue Keller, Hans Cambridge University Library Survey return Kennedy (Sylvia), wife of A. L. Kennedy of The Times. British Library Catalogue Kennedy née Koch (Valerie), musician. British Library Catalogue Kennedy, George Michael Sinclair (b 1926) Music Critic Manchester University: John Rylands NRA and Author Library Kennedy, Michael (1926 ‐ John Rylands Library, Manchester Archives hub University Kensington and Chelsea Arts Council. British Library Catalogue Kentner (Louis Philip), pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue Keres (Imre), ballet master. British Library Catalogue Kerman (Joseph Wilfrid), musical scholar and critic. British Library Catalogue Key (Clyde J.), President, The Arturo Toscanini Society. British Library Catalogue Keynote Opera Society Ltd. British Library Catalogue Keys (Ivor Christopher Banfield), organist and British Library Catalogue educationist. Keys (Robert), pianist. British Library Catalogue Kilburn, Nicholas (1843 ‐ 1923) Durham University Archives hub Kilburn, Nicholas (1843‐1923) Musician National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Collections Kilburn, Nicholas (1843‐1923) Musician Trinity College Dublin NRA Kilham Roberts (Denys), Sec.‐Gen., Society of Authors. British Library Catalogue King (Alexander Hyatt), of the Music Room, British British Library Catalogue Museum. King‐Smith (Beresford), concert manager, City of British Library Catalogue Birmingham Symphony Orchestra. King‐Smith (Patricia), public relations consultant; British Library Catalogue chairman, B.B.C. Symphony Club. Kinsey (Herbert), Professor at the Royal College of British Library Catalogue Music. Kirby (Alan J.), O.B.E.; conductor and music British Library Catalogue administrator. Kirby (Norah K.), friend of J. N. Ireland. British Library Catalogue Kirkby Lunn (Louise), singer. British Library Catalogue Klemperer (Otto), conductor. British Library Catalogue Knight (Gerald Hocken), church musician. British Library Catalogue Knorr (O), widow of I. Knorr, Director of Hoch British Library Catalogue Conservatory, Frankfort. Knussen (Stuart Oliver), composer and conductor. British Library Catalogue Koch (Sigurd Christian Erland von), composer. British Library Catalogue Kodály (Emma), wife of Z. Kodály. British Library Catalogue Kodály (Zoltán), composer. British Library Catalogue Koelink (Dr John P. A.), music librarian. British Library Catalogue Kohs (Ellis), American composer and teacher. British Library Catalogue Kolisch (Rudolf), violinist. British Library Catalogue Kondo (Jo), composer. British Library Catalogue Korey (Natali), of the John Ireland Trust. British Library Catalogue 75 Korngold (Erich Wolfgang), American composer. British Library Catalogue Koussevitzky (Sergei Aleksandrovich), conductor. British Library Catalogue Kramer (Arthur Walter), Editor of `Musical America'; British Library Catalogue composer. Krenek (Ernst), composer. British Library Catalogue Krips (Harietta), widow of Josef Krips. British Library Catalogue Krips (Josef), conductor. British Library Catalogue Kubelik (Jan), composer British Library Catalogue Kubelik (Rafael), conductor. British Library Catalogue Kuerti (Anton), music editor, 'Whales Art', Toronto. British Library Catalogue Kwalwasser (Helen), violinist. British Library Catalogue Lachenmann (Helmut), composer. British Library Catalogue Lacour (Marcelle de), harpsichordist. British Library Catalogue Ladmirault (Paul Émile), composer. British Library Catalogue Laing (Roy), violinist. British Library Catalogue Lalandi (Lina), Founder, English Bach Festival Trust. British Library Catalogue Lam (Basil), harpsichordist and musicologist. British Library Catalogue Lambert, Constant (1903‐1951) Musician and Composer British Library NRA Lambert, Constant (1903‐1951) Musician and Composer Cambridge University: King's College NRA Archive Centre Lambert, Constant (1903‐1951) Musician and Composer Royal College of Music AIM25 Lamond, Frederick (1868 ‐ 1948) Glasgow University Archives hub Lampson (Gertrude), of Haywards Heath Music Club. British Library Catalogue Landowski (W. L.), French music critic. British Library Catalogue Lane (Timothy Warden), conductor, Petersfield Choral British Library Catalogue Society. Lang (Craig Sellar), organist and composer. British Library Catalogue Langdon (Michael), bass singer. British Library Catalogue Larkin (Christopher), musician. British Library Catalogue Lasker (Vally), pianist; amanuensis of Gustav Holst. British Library Catalogue Lasker, Valley (b 1885), musician Royal College of Music NRA Lasserson (Sascha), violinist. British Library Catalogue Latham (Sylvia), sec., Royal College of Music Union. British Library Catalogue Laurence (Pauline), singer. British Library Catalogue Lawrence (Richard), of the Arts Council. British Library Catalogue Lawrence (Thomas Bertie), Hon. R.A.M. British Library Catalogue Laycock (Geoffrey Newton Stephen), organist and music British Library Catalogue editor. Le Fleming (Christopher), composer. British Library Catalogue Le Roy, V Senate House Library AIM25 Lea (Laurence F.), chairman, Croydon Philharmonic British Library Catalogue Society. Ledger (Philip), organist and music administrator. British Library Catalogue Lee (John), F.R.C.O., L.R.A.M. British Library Catalogue Leeds Grand Theatre West Yorkshire Archive Service Survey return Leeds Music Club West Yorkshire Archive Service Survey return Leeds Triennial Festival West Yorkshire Archive Service Survey return Lefort (Auguste), professor at the Paris Conservatoire. British Library Catalogue Legge (Robin Humphrey), music editor of 'The Daily British Library Catalogue Telegraph'. Lehár (Franz), composer. British Library Catalogue Leibowitz (René), composer. British Library Catalogue Leicester (Sir Hubert Aloysius), Mayor of Worcester; British Library Catalogue musician. Leicester Philharmonic Society. British Library Catalogue Leigh (Marion), wife of W. Leigh. British Library Catalogue Leigh (Veronica), daughter of Walter Leigh. British Library Catalogue Leigh (Walter), composer. British Library Catalogue Leighton (Kenneth), composer. British Library Catalogue Leighton, Kenneth (1929‐1988), composer Edinburgh University Library, Special NRA 76 Collections Lemare (Iris). British Library Catalogue Lengnick (Alfred) & Co. Ltd., music publishers. British Library Catalogue Lennon (John Winston Ono), musician and songwriter British Library Catalogue Leppard (Raymond John), conductor. British Library Catalogue Leschetizky al. Leszetycki (Theodor). British Library Catalogue Lesure (François), music librarian, Bibliothèque British Library Catalogue Nationale, Paris. Lewin (Robert), music critic. British Library Catalogue Lewis (Gwyneth M.), sec., London Junior Orchestras. British Library Catalogue Lewis (Joseph), conductor. British Library Catalogue Lewis, Anthony (1915 ‐ 1983) Birmingham University Archives hub Ley, Henry Christchurch Oxford Survey return Liebenthal, Tertia (d 1970) Musician and Patron National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Collections Lier (Jacques van), Dutch cellist. British Library Catalogue Lierhammer (Theo), singer. British Library Catalogue Ligeti (Gyorgy Sàndor), composer. British Library Catalogue Lindsay (John), Librarian, B.B.C. Symphony Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Linton (Jessie) afterw. Wood (Lady Jessie). British Library Catalogue Lipkin (Malcolm), composer. British Library Catalogue Liszt (Eduard Rudolf Maria von), cousin of Franz Liszt. British Library Catalogue Littlejohn, Joan Anne (b1927) musician Devon Record Office NRA Littleton (John), of Novello & Co., Ltd. British Library Catalogue Llewellyn, Grant Henton (b 1960), conductor of music Cambridge University Library, NRA Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Lloyd (Stephen), of the Feeney Trust. British Library Catalogue Lloyd Webber (Julian), cellist. British Library Catalogue Lloyd‐Howells (David), composer. British Library Catalogue Loan Fund for Musical Instruments. British Library Catalogue Loder (Edward James), musical editor. British Library Catalogue Lofthouse (Charles Thornton), music educationist and British Library Catalogue conductor. Lofthouse, Charles Thornton (1895‐1974), music Royal College of Music NRA educationist, conductor and harpsichordist London Boy Singers Association Britten‐Pears Foundation Website London Orchestral Concert Board. British Library Catalogue London Philharmonic Orchestra. British Library Catalogue London Sinfonietta. British Library Catalogue Long (Kathleen), pianist. British Library Catalogue Longmire, John (1902‐1986), composer Lincolnshire Archives NRA Lopes Graça (Fernando), composer. British Library Catalogue Loriod (Yvonne), pianist. British Library Catalogue Lotti, Antonio Cambridge University Library Survey return Loughran (James), conductor. British Library Catalogue Loveridge (Iris), pianist. British Library Catalogue Lovett (Terence), musician. British Library Catalogue Lowe (Robert), of the British Youth Symphony British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Löwenbach (Vilma), wife of Dr F. Löwenbach. British Library Catalogue Lowery (William), National President, National Academy British Library Catalogue of Recording Arts and Sciences. Lucas (Howard), amateur composer. British Library Catalogue Luellman (C. Harold), sec., National Federation of British Library Catalogue Gramophone Societies. Lumsden (Sir David James), organist. British Library Catalogue Lutoslawski (Witold), composer. British Library Catalogue Lutyens (Agnes Elisabeth), composer. British Library Catalogue *Lutyens, Agnes Elisabeth (1906‐1983) Composer Tim Reynish (private Survey return 77 collection)[previously unknown] Lympany (Dame Moura), pianist. British Library Catalogue MacCarthy (Maud), afterw. Swami Omananda Puri; wife British Library Catalogue of John Foulds. McCartney (James Paul), musician and composer. British Library Catalogue MacColl, Ewan (1915‐1989), Folk Singer Broadcaster National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Collections Machell (Roger), of Hamish Hamilton Ltd. British Library Catalogue Mackenzie (Sir Alexander Campbell), K.C.V.O.; British Library Catalogue composer. Mackenzie, Sir Alexander Campbell (1847‐1935) Knight National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Composer Collections Mackenzie, Sir Alexander Campbell (1847‐1935) Knight V&A Department of Theatre and NRA Composer Performance (formerly) Theatre Museum Archive MacKerras (Sir Alan Charles), conductor. British Library Catalogue Mackintosh (Eric V.), music master at Elstow School, British Library Catalogue Bedford. Mackower (Ernest). British Library Catalogue Mackower (Rachel), wife of E. Mackower. British Library Catalogue Maclean, Meta (fl 1910‐1969), teacher and musician Cambridge University Library: Royal NRA Commonwealth Society Library MacMillan (Ernest), conductor. British Library Catalogue MacMillan, james Aberdeen University Survey return Macnaghten (Anne Catherine), violinist. British Library Catalogue Macnaghten Concerts. British Library Catalogue Maconchy (Elizabeth), composer. British Library Catalogue *Maconchy, Elizabeth Tim Reynish (private Survey return collection)[previously unknown] Magid (Tatiana), soprano. British Library Catalogue Mahler‐Werfle (Alma) British Library Catalogue Mahler (Gustav), composer. British Library Catalogue Maitland, John Alexander Fuller‐ (1856‐1936) Music British Library NRA Critic and Historian Maitland, John Alexander Fuller‐ (1856‐1936) Music Elgar Birthplace Museum NRA Critic and Historian Malipiero (Anna Wright), wife of G. F. Malipiero. British Library Catalogue Malipiero (Gian Francesco), composer and musicologist. British Library Catalogue Mallinson (Lt.‐Col. Bernard C.), chairman, Banbury & British Library Catalogue District Musical Society. Manduell (John), composer and conductor. British Library Catalogue Mangeot (André Louis), violinist and impresario. British Library Catalogue Mann (Arthur Henry), organist, editor and composer. British Library Catalogue Manns, Sir Auguste (1825 ‐ 1907) Royal College of Music AIM25 Mar, Norman Rene Del (1919‐1994) Conductor Cambridge University Library, NRA Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Marchant (Sir Stanley Robert), composer and organist. British Library Catalogue Markevich née Caetani (Topazia), wife of I. Markevich. British Library Catalogue Marlow (Richard Kenneth), organist and director of British Library Catalogue music. Martin (C. Philip C.), sec., Surrey Philharmonic Society. British Library Catalogue Martland (Stephen), composer. British Library Catalogue Martuni (Bohuslav Jan), Czech composer. British Library Catalogue Massey (Andrew), conductor. British Library Catalogue Matheis (Ernst J.), songwriter. British Library Catalogue Mathias, William James (1934‐1993) Composer National Library of Wales: Department NRA Conductor and Pianist of Collection Services Mattarozzi (Gennaro), composer. British Library Catalogue Matthay (Tobias Augustus), pianist. British Library Catalogue 78 Matthews (Colin), composer. British Library Catalogue Matthews (Denis), pianist. British Library Catalogue Matthews (Michael Gough), pianist; Director, Royal British Library Catalogue College of Music. Matthews, Betty Royal College of Music AIM25 Matthews, Colin Aberdeen University Survey return Matthews, David Aberdeen University Survey return Matthews, Denis James (1919‐1988), pianist Professor St Andrews University Library NRA of Music Matthias, William NLW Archives Wales Maus (Octave), Belgian journalist and musician. British Library Catalogue May (Frederick M.), composer. British Library Catalogue May (John), sec., Association of British Orchestras. British Library Catalogue Mayer (Sir Robert), music patron. British Library Catalogue Mayer née Moulton (Dorothy), singer; wife of Sir Robert British Library Catalogue Mayer. Mayo (Graham), conductor. British Library Catalogue Mays (O), orchestral manager. British Library Catalogue McCann, Norman Royal Academy of Music KH report Mccormack (John), Irish tenor. British Library Catalogue McEwen (Sir John Blackwood), composer. British Library Catalogue McInnes (J. Campbell), musician. British Library Catalogue McIntyre (Ian), chairman, British Federation of Music British Library Catalogue Festivals. McKie (Sir William Neil), organist. British Library Catalogue McLaren (Malcolm), singer. British Library Catalogue Mclean (Hugh John), organist. British Library Catalogue McMorran (Fergus), treasurer, Wimbledon Symphony British Library Catalogue Chorus. McNaught (William Gray), Mus.D.; Editor of `The British Library Catalogue Musical Times'. McRobert (M. J.), of the Arts Council. British Library Catalogue Meakins (Vaughan S.), conductor. British Library Catalogue Medtner, Nicolay (1880‐1951) composer and pianist British Library NRA Medtner, Nikolay (1880 ‐ 1951) Leeds University Library, Special Archives hub Collections Meixner (Michael), Head of Music, Magyar Rádió. British Library Catalogue Mellers, Wilfrid (1914‐2008), composer, critic and Borthwick Institute for Archives: NRA academic University of York Melly, Alan George Heyward (1926‐2007), Jazz Musician Tate Gallery Archive NRA Menuhin (Diana Rosamond), wife of Sir Y. Menuhin. British Library Catalogue Menuhin (Hephzibah), pianist. British Library Catalogue Menuhin (Sir Yehudi), violinist. British Library Catalogue Menuhin, Yehudi (b 1916) Baron Menuhin, violinist Reading University Library: Special NRA Collections Menuhin, Yehudi (b 1916) Baron Menuhin, violinist Royal Academy of Music KH report Menuhin, Yehudi (b 1916) Baron Menuhin, violinist Tate Gallery Archive NRA Menuhin, Yehudi (b 1916) Baron Menuhin, violinist Warwick University: Modern Records NRA Centre Merrick (Frank), pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue Merritt (Kathleen), conductor. British Library Catalogue Merryweather (Alan M.), of the Liszt Society. British Library Catalogue Messiaen (Olivier), composer. British Library Catalogue Meyer (André Charles), collector of music. British Library Catalogue Meyer (Ernst Hermann), German composer. British Library Catalogue Meyer (Harold), violinist. British Library Catalogue Meyer, Ernest herman Cambridge University Library Survey return Meyrick (Richard J.), pianist. British Library Catalogue Micheau (Janine), soprano. British Library Catalogue 79 Miles (Maurice), conductor. British Library Catalogue Miles, Philip Napier (1865‐1935) Composer Bristol University Information Services: NRA Special Collections Miles, Philip Napier (1865‐1935) Composer London University: Senate House Library NRA Milhaud (Darius), composer. British Library Catalogue Milhaud (Madeline), wife of Darius Milhaud. British Library Catalogue Miller (Douglas), pianist. British Library Catalogue Miller (James Simpson), conductor. British Library Catalogue Mills (Christopher Patrick), of the Peter Warlock Society. British Library Catalogue Milner (Anthony Francis Dominic), composer and British Library Catalogue teacher. Mistarz (Eunice), secretary of the Liszt Society. British Library Catalogue Mitchell (Alistair John Wingate), conductor. British Library Catalogue Mitchell (Donald), musicologist British Library Catalogue Mitropoulos (Dimitri), conductor, pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue Moakes (Patricia), sec., Worthing Music Club. British Library Catalogue Moeran (Ernest John), composer. British Library Catalogue Molinari (Kay), soprano. British Library Catalogue Montagu (Jeremy Peter Samuel), percussion player and British Library Catalogue conductor. Montagu‐Nathan (Montagu), violinist and writer on British Library Catalogue music. Moody (Royston E.), amateur composer. British Library Catalogue Moonie, William Beaton (1883 ‐ 1961) Glasgow University Archives hub Moore (Gerald), pianist. British Library Catalogue Moore (Stephen Sidney), percussionist and music British Library Catalogue educationist. Moore, Gerald (1899‐1988) Pianist Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Western Manuscripts Moore, Stephen (c 1900‐1982), musician Royal College of Music NRA Moore, Timothy Cambridge University Library Survey return Moran (Frank), of the Birmingham Festival Choral British Library Catalogue Society. Moreton, George Harry (1864‐1961), organist and Plymouth and West Devon Record Office NRA choirmaster Morgan, Ben NLW Archives Wales Morley (Clive R.), of Morley Pianoforte and Harpsichord British Library Catalogue Galleries. Morley, Else Headlam‐ (1866‐1950) nee Sonntag, Durham University Library, Archives and NRA composer Special Collections: Palace Green Section Morris (Christopher), music publisher, of Oxford British Library Catalogue University Press. Morris (Reginald Owen), musical scholar and teacher. British Library Catalogue Morris, Eric Bangor University Archives Wales Morrison (Angus), musician. British Library Catalogue Morrow, Michael KCL College Archives AIM25 Morton (Rachel), singer. British Library Catalogue Moser (Prof. Albert), Generalsekretär der Gesellschaft British Library Catalogue der Musikfreunde in Wien. Mott (Helga), singer. British Library Catalogue Münch al. Munch (Charles), conductor and violinist. British Library Catalogue Mullings (Frank Coningsby), Professor of Singing, British Library Catalogue Birmingham School of Music. Munrow (David John), player of early wind instruments. British Library Catalogue Murdoch (William), pianist. British Library Catalogue Murray, Anthony Gregory (1905‐1992) Dom, Downside Abbey Archives NRA Ecclesiastical Musician Musgrave (Thea), composer. British Library Catalogue 80 Musical League, The. British Library Catalogue Musicians' Benevolent Fund. Correspondence with Sir British Library Catalogue H. J. and Lady Jessie Wood, etc., 1943‐1944. 56420, ff. 179‐196. Musicians' Union archive Stirling University Survey return Musker (Beatrix), sec., International Classical Division, British Library Catalogue E.M.I. Ltd. Musson (Beatrice), registrar of Dartington Summer British Library Catalogue School. Nabokov (Nicolas), composer. British Library Catalogue Nachez, Tivadar (1859‐1930) Violinist Glasgow University, Special Collections NRA Dept Nancarrow (Conlon), composer. British Library Catalogue Naylor (Bernard), composer. British Library Catalogue Naylor‐Gobel (Mrs K. M), amateur singer. British Library Catalogue Neaman (Yfrah), violinist. British Library Catalogue Needham, Alicia Adelaide (d 1945) nee Montgomery, Cambridge University Library, NRA Pianist and Composer Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Neel (Louis Boyd), M.D.; conductor. British Library Catalogue Nevers (Bernard A. de), music publisher. British Library Catalogue Neville (David), composer. British Library Catalogue Newcombe (Mrs Blanche), singer. British Library Catalogue Newman (Ernest), music critic British Library Catalogue Newman (Marjorie), piano teacher. British Library Catalogue Newman (Mr O), of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Newman (Sidney Thomas Mayow), Reid Professor of British Library Catalogue Music, Edinburgh University. Newman, Philip (1904‐1966), violinist Royal Northern College of Music NRA Newmarch (Elsie), daughter of Mrs R. Newmarch. British Library Catalogue Newton (Ivor), pianist. British Library Catalogue Niblette (Lilian), pianist. British Library Catalogue Nichols, Beverley (1898‐1983) Writer and Composer Cambridge University: Churchill Archives NRA Centre Nicholson (Ralph Ward), conductor. British Library Catalogue Nicholson, Sir Sydney Hugo (1875‐1947) Knight Organist British Library NRA Director Royal School of Church Music Nicolodi (Fiamma), of the Università degli studi di British Library Catalogue Firenze; granddaughter of A. Casella, composer. Nikisch (Arthur), conductor. British Library Catalogue Nikisch (Else), wife of A. Nikisch, conductor. British Library Catalogue Nikisch (Mitja), son of A. Nikisch; pianist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Nikisch (Prof. Dr. Arthur), son of A. Nikisch, conductor. British Library Catalogue Nin y Castellanos (Joaquín), pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue Noble (Jeremy), music critic and broadcaster. British Library Catalogue Nolan (Ronald), piano teacher. British Library Catalogue Nono (Luigi), Italian composer. British Library Catalogue Northcote (Sydney), organist and teacher. British Library Catalogue Nottingk (Jacqueline), sec., London Philharmonic British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Novello, Ivor (1893‐1951) Actor and Composer British Library NRA Novello, Ivor (1893‐1951) Actor and Composer National Library of Wales: Department NRA of Collection Services Novello, Ivor (1893‐1951) Actor and Composer V&A Department of Theatre and NRA Performance (formerly) Theatre Museum Archive Oboussier (Robert), composer. British Library Catalogue O'Casey, Eileen Kathleen (1900‐1995), singer and National Library of Ireland NRA actress O'Dea (T.), of the London Philharmonic Orchestra. British Library Catalogue 81 Odens (Elizabeth Matesky), violinist. British Library Catalogue Ollis (Malcolm L.), of Croydon Philharmonic Society. British Library Catalogue O'Neill (Norman), composer. British Library Catalogue O'Neill née Rückert (Adine), pianist. British Library Catalogue Oram, Daphne (1925‐2003), composer London University: Goldsmiths College NRA Orchestral Employers Association York University, Borthwick Institute A2A Ord (Boris), organist. British Library Catalogue Ornstein (Leo), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Orr (Charles Wilfred), composer. British Library Catalogue Orr (Robin Kemsley), composer. British Library Catalogue Orr née Macaulay (Helen), wife of C. W. Orr, composer. British Library Catalogue Orr, Charles Wilfred (1893‐1976) Composer British Library NRA Orr, Robin Kemsley (1909‐2006), musician and Cambridge University Library, NRA composer Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Orr, Robin Kemsley (1909‐2006), musician and Cambridge University: St John's College NRA composer Library Osbourne (Nigel), composer. British Library Catalogue Ovenden (Lionel H.), organist and composer. British Library Catalogue Oxford Bach Choir. British Library Catalogue Oxford University Opera Club Bodleian Library Archives hub Oxfordshire Music Festival Bodleian Library Archives hub Paderewski, Ignacy Jan (1860‐1941) Polish Pianist and Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Statesman Western Manuscripts Padmore (Andrew), Master of the Music, Cork British Library Catalogue Cathedral. Padmore (Elaine), opera producer. British Library Catalogue Palmer (Louisa), member of the Bach Union. British Library Catalogue Palmer, Christopher (1946‐1995), musician and music Serge Prokofiev Archive NRA critic Palnauer (Dr Josef), musician. British Library Catalogue Parfitt (Gilbert H.), Chairman, National Federation of British Library Catalogue Gramophone Societies. Parikian (Manoug), violinist. British Library Catalogue Park Lane Musical Society. British Library Catalogue Parker (Adelaide) Royal College of Music AIM25 Parker (Charlie), jazz saxophonist British Library Catalogue Parker, Douglas Charles (fl 1902‐1970), music critic National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Collections Parker (George), baritone. British Library Catalogue Parker (Horatio William) British Library Catalogue Parker, Louis Napoleon (1852‐1944) Musician and V&A Department of Theatre and NRA Playwright Performance (formerly) Theatre Museum Archive Parratt (Sir Walter), organist and composer. British Library Catalogue Parratt, Sir Walter (1841‐1924) Knight Organist Cambridge University: King's College NRA Composer Archive Centre Parratt, Sir Walter (1841‐1924) Knight Organist Elgar Birthplace Museum NRA Composer Parratt, Sir Walter (1841‐1924) Knight Organist RCO Survey return Composer Parrott (Ian), composer. British Library Catalogue Parrott (L. Gurney), sec., Royal Academy of Music. British Library Catalogue Parry (Sir Charles Hubert Hastings), Bart.; composer. British Library Catalogue Parry, Sir Charles Hubert Hastings (1848‐1918) Knight Cambridge University: Fitzwilliam NRA Composer and Musical Writer Museum Parry, Sir Charles Hubert Hastings (1848‐1918) Knight Elgar Birthplace Museum NRA Composer and Musical Writer Parry, Sir Charles Hubert Hastings (1848‐1918) Knight Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Composer and Musical Writer Western Manuscripts 82 Parry, Sir Charles Hubert Hastings (1848‐1918) Knight Reading University Library: Special NRA Composer and Musical Writer Collections Parry, Sir Charles Hubert Hastings (1848‐1918) Knight Royal College of Music NRA Composer and Musical Writer Paston (Colin), music master at Eton College. British Library Catalogue Paston (W.), of Boosey and Hawkes. British Library Catalogue Patriss (Sylvia), soprano. British Library Catalogue Patterson (Jeremy), conductor. British Library Catalogue Patti, Adelina Cardiff Central library Survey return Patti, Adelina (1843‐1919) Opera Singer National Library of Wales: Department NRA of Collection Services Patti, Adelina (1843‐1919) Opera Singer West Glamorgan Archive Service NRA Pattrick (John P. D.), General Manager, E.M.I. British Library Catalogue Pavey (Lily), inventor of "Musikriter" machine. British Library Catalogue Paviour (Paul), composer. British Library Catalogue Payne (Anthony), composer. British Library Catalogue Payne, Madeleine London Metropolitan Archives AIM25 Pears (Sir Peter), tenor. British Library Catalogue Pears, Sir Peter (1910‐1986) Knight Singer Britten‐Pears Library NRA Pears, Sir Peter (1910‐1986) Knight Singer Cambridge University: King's College NRA Archive Centre Perez (Raymond), pianist. British Library Catalogue Perlemuter (Vlado), pianist. British Library Catalogue Perry (Thomas D.), Jr.; Executive Director, Boston British Library Catalogue Symphony Orchestra. Peters (Alan J.), of A.J.P. Records. British Library Catalogue Petri (Egon), pianist. British Library Catalogue Philip Jones Brass Ensemble Archive Royal Northern College of Music Archives hub Philipp (Isidor), pianist. British Library Catalogue Phillips (Leslie), composer. British Library Catalogue Phillips (Montague Fawcett), composer. British Library Catalogue Pidoux (Pierre), organist. British Library Catalogue Pietro (Joncain), composer. British Library Catalogue Piggott (H. E. (David)), physics teacher and composer. British Library Catalogue Piggott (Patrick), pianist. British Library Catalogue Pilbery (Joseph), conductor. British Library Catalogue Pitfield, Thomas Baron (1903‐1999), Composer Royal Northern College of Music NRA Pitt (Percy), conductor and composer. British Library Catalogue Pleeth (William), cellist. British Library Catalogue Plukker (Henry), chairman, Concertgebouw Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Plumpton (Alec), conductor and teacher. British Library Catalogue Poetzsch (Fred E.), musician. British Library Catalogue Pole (Reginald), actor and musician. British Library Catalogue Polkinhorne (E.), sec, Royal College of Music. British Library Catalogue Pollitzer (Edward), violinist. British Library Catalogue Pope (Michael D.), chairman, The Elgar Society. British Library Catalogue Pope (Stanley), conductor. British Library Catalogue Porter (Andrew), music critic. British Library Catalogue Porter (Evelyn), music teacher and writer. British Library Catalogue Poston (Elizabeth), composer. British Library Catalogue Poulenc (Francis), composer. British Library Catalogue Powell (Lionel), concert manager. British Library Catalogue Powell, Claud (d 1959) Musician Surrey History Centre NRA Powell, Dora M Royal College of Music AIM25 Preece, Simon (b 1960), singer Cambridge University Library, NRA Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Previn (André George), pianist, conductor and British Library Catalogue composer. Priestman (Brian), conductor. British Library Catalogue 83 Primrose (William), viola player. British Library Catalogue Pritchard (Arthur John), musician. British Library Catalogue Pritchard (John Michael), conductor. British Library Catalogue Procter (Norma), contralto. British Library Catalogue Prokofiev (Sergei Sergeevich), composer. British Library Catalogue Prokofiev, Lina Serge Prokofiev Archive AIM25 Prokofiev, Oleg Serge Prokofiev Archive AIM25 Prokofiev, Serge Serge Prokofiev Archive AIM25 Protheroe (John), musician. British Library Catalogue Protheroe, Daniel and Rhys Morgan NLW Archives Wales Prout, Ebenezer (1835‐1909) Organist and Composer Trinity College Dublin NRA Quilter (Roger Cuthbert), composer. British Library Catalogue Quirk (Charles), pianist. British Library Catalogue Race (Steven), broadcaster. British Library Catalogue Rachmaninoff (Sergei Vasilevich), composer. British Library Catalogue Radcliffe (Philip Fitzhugh), writer on music and British Library Catalogue composer. Radio Telefís Éiréann. British Library Catalogue Rainier (Priaulx), composer. British Library Catalogue Rainier, Ivy Priaulx (1903‐1986), South African composer Royal Academy of Music KH report Ralph (Horace). musician British Library Catalogue Ranalow (Frederick Baring), Irish baritone and actor. British Library Catalogue Rankl (Karl), conductor and composer. British Library Catalogue Raphael (Mark Henry), singer and teacher. British Library Catalogue Rarick (Thomas) Executive Director, American Artists British Library Catalogue Abroad, Inc. Ravel (Joseph Maurice), composer. British Library Catalogue Rawlins (Joseph), singer and musicologist. British Library Catalogue Rawlinson (H. T.), conductor. British Library Catalogue Rawsthorne (Alan), composer. British Library Catalogue Rawsthorne Collection Royal Northern College of Music Survey return Rawsthorne née Lambert (Isabel), wife of A. British Library Catalogue Rawsthorne. Rawsthorne, Alan (1905 ‐ 1971) Royal Northern College of Music Archives hub Raybould (Robert Clarence), conductor. British Library Catalogue RDS Music Committee archives Royal Dublin society Survey return Read (Helen), of Ernest Read Music Association. British Library Catalogue Read (Jennifer), of Ernest Read Music Association. British Library Catalogue Read (Sir John Emms), Chairman, E.M.I. British Library Catalogue Redman, Reginald Ernest (1892 ‐ 19720 Bristol University Archives hub Reed (William Henry), violinist. British Library Catalogue Reed (William Leonard), composer. British Library Catalogue Reeve (P. S.), composer. British Library Catalogue Reeves (George), pianist. British Library Catalogue Regale Singers. British Library Catalogue Reger (Max), composer. British Library Catalogue Reich (Stephen Michael), composer. British Library Catalogue Reid (Charles), music critic. British Library Catalogue Reith (John Charles Walsham), 1st Baron Reith. British Library Catalogue Reizenstein (Franz), composer; d.1968. British Library Catalogue Rensburg (Henry Edward), stockbroker and music critic. British Library Catalogue Reynish (Timothy John), conductor. British Library Catalogue Reynolds (Alfred Charles), composer and conductor. British Library Catalogue *Reynolds, Charles [newly documented] Cambridge University library Survey return Rhodes, Harold (1889‐1956) musician Birmingham University Information NRA Services, Special Collections Department Richards (Anthony), of Demeter Films Ltd. British Library Catalogue Richards (Leslie), of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Richards, Nansi (1888‐1979) Harpist National Library of Wales: Department NRA 84 of Collection Services Richards, T. Euroswydd NLW Archives Wales Richardson (Arnold), organist. British Library Catalogue Richardson (Grace Barrons), organist. British Library Catalogue Richter (Hans), conductor. British Library Catalogue Rickenbacher (Karl Anton), Generalmusikdirektor, British Library Catalogue Westfälisches Sinfonieorchester. Ridout (Alan), composer. British Library Catalogue Ridout, Percy Rodney (1868‐1956), Composer and Royal College of Surgeons of England NRA Organist Riedl (Karl), musician, of Frankfurt‐am‐Main. British Library Catalogue Riley (Stanley), singer. British Library Catalogue Ring (Guy Layton), musician. British Library Catalogue Ritchie (Miss Margaret), soprano. British Library Catalogue Roberson, Paul London Metropolitan Archives AIM25 Roberts (William), al. 'Ernest Newman'; music critic. British Library Catalogue Robertson (James), Director of Opera, Sadler's Wells British Library Catalogue Theatre. Robeson (Paul), actor and singer. British Library Catalogue Robinson (Christopher John), C.V.O.; organist and British Library Catalogue conductor. Robinson (O). British Library Catalogue Roger (Gustave Hippolite), French tenor. British Library Catalogue Rogers (Mary), singer. British Library Catalogue Rogers (Winthrop L.), music publisher. British Library Catalogue Ronald formerly Russell (Sir Landon), Principal, Guildhall British Library Catalogue School of Music. Rootham, Cyril Bradley (1875‐1938) Musician Cambridge University: St John's College NRA Library Rorem (Ned), American composer, diarist and essayist. British Library Catalogue Rosé (Alma), violinist. British Library Catalogue Rose (Bernard William George), organist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Rose née Marshall (Molly Daphne), wife of B. W. G. British Library Catalogue Rose, organist and conductor. Rostal (Max), violinist. British Library Catalogue Roussel (Albert), composer. British Library Catalogue Rowlands (Lionel), conductor, Swansea Orpheus Choral British Library Catalogue and Orchestral Society. Rowley (Alec), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Rowley (Eric D.), of the Incorporated Society of British Library Catalogue Musicians, Portsmouth Branch. Royal Academy of Music Royal Academy of Music Royal Academy of Music. British Library Catalogue Royal Choral Society London Metropolitan Archives AIM25 Royal Manchester College of Music Archives Royal Northern College of Music Archives hub Royal Musical Association. British Library Catalogue Royal Opera House Royal Opera House AIM25 Royal Society of Musicians. British Library Catalogue Rózsavölgyi & Company, Budapest, music and book British Library Catalogue publisher. Rubbra, Charles Edmund Duncan (1901‐1986), Pianist British Library NRA and Composer Rubbra, Edmund Aberdeen University Survey return Rubens (Paul Alfred), dramatist and composer. British Library Catalogue Ruders (Poul), composer. British Library Catalogue Rummel (Walter Morse), pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue Russell (Thomas A.), of the London Philharmonic British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Russell, Sheridan (b 1903) Cellist Warwick University: Modern Records NRA 85 Centre Rutledge (William), conductor. British Library Catalogue Sacher (Paul), conductor. British Library Catalogue Saint Saëns (Charles Camille), composer. British Library Catalogue Sainton (Prosper Philippe Catherine), violinist and British Library Catalogue composer. Salgo (Sandor), conductor. British Library Catalogue Salpeter (Max), violinist. British Library Catalogue Sammons (Albert Edward), violinist. British Library Catalogue Samuel (Harold), pianist. British Library Catalogue Sandeman (Pat), Glasgow Society of Musicians. British Library Catalogue Santley, Sir Charles (1834‐1922), knight, singer Liverpool Record Office NRA Santley, Sir Charles (1834‐1922), knight, singer Royal College of Music NRA Sargeant (Bernard L.), composer. British Library Catalogue Sargent (Sir Harold Malcolm Watts), conductor. British Library Catalogue Saunders‐Jacobs (H.), musician? British Library Catalogue Savill, Patrick Stanley (fl 1930‐1955) conductor Cambridge University: King's College NRA Archive Centre Saxton (Robert), composer. British Library Catalogue Sayers (Lionel), librarian and percussionist, Chicago British Library Catalogue Symphony Orchestra. Sayers (Nellie), composer of musicals. British Library Catalogue Sceats (W. Godfrey), composer and organist. British Library Catalogue Schelling (Ernest), conductor. British Library Catalogue Scherchen (Hermann), conductor. British Library Catalogue Schiever (Ernst), violinist. British Library Catalogue Schloss (Julius), composer. British Library Catalogue Schoenberg (Arnold Franz Walter), composer. British Library Catalogue Schoenberg (Gertrud), wife of A. Schoenberg. British Library Catalogue Schulze (Reinhard), singer. British Library Catalogue Schuster (Leo Frank), music patron. British Library Catalogue Schwarz (Rudolf), conductor. British Library Catalogue Schweitzer (Albert), theologian, philosopher and British Library Catalogue organist. Scott (Charles Kennedy), choral conductor. British Library Catalogue Scott (Cyril Meir), composer. British Library Catalogue Scott, charles Kennedy Trinity College of Music Survey return Scott, Marion Margaret (1844‐1953), musicologist and Royal College of Music NRA musician Scottish National Orchestra Society Ltd. British Library Catalogue Searle (Humphrey Frederic), father of Humphrey Searle. British Library Catalogue Searle (Humphrey), C.B.E.; composer. British Library Catalogue Searle (Phyllis), sister of Humphrey Frederic Searle. British Library Catalogue Searle née Gray (Margaret Lesley Gillen), first wife of British Library Catalogue Humphrey Searle. Seiber (Mátyás), composer. British Library Catalogue Sellick (Phyllis Doreen), pianist. British Library Catalogue Serena (Clara), singer; wife of R. Mellish. British Library Catalogue Serocki (Kazimirez), Polish composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Serres (Jacques), French cellist. British Library Catalogue Sharp, Cecil James (1859‐1924) Musician Author Folk British Library NRA Song Collector Sharp, Cecil James (1859‐1924) Musician Author Folk English Folk Dance and Song Society: NRA Song Collector Vaughan Williams Memorial Library Sharpe (Rita), musician. British Library Catalogue Shaw (P. H.), sec., The Stoke 'Gothic' Symphony British Library Catalogue Orchestra. Shaw, Harold Watkins Royal College of Music AIM25 Shaw, Martin Fallas (1875‐1958) Composer British Library NRA Shaw, Martin Fallas (1875‐1958) Composer Lambeth Palace Library NRA 86 Shawe‐Taylor (Desmond Christopher), music critic. British Library Catalogue Shepherd (Arthur), American composer. British Library Catalogue Shore (Bernard Alexander Royle), viola player. British Library Catalogue Shostakovich (Dmitrii Dmitrievich), composer. British Library Catalogue Shuard (Amy), soprano. British Library Catalogue Sibelius (Jean), composer. British Library Catalogue Sidwell (Martindale), organist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Siegmeister (Elie), composer. British Library Catalogue Silk (Dorothy), singer. British Library Catalogue Silver (Hervey). British Library Catalogue Simpson (Robert Wilfred Levick), composer. British Library Catalogue Simpson, Robert Bodleian Library Simpson society website Simson, Harold Fraser‐ (1878‐1944) Composer British Library NRA Slater (Joseph), musician. British Library Catalogue Slatford (Rodney G. Y.), double bassist. British Library Catalogue Slobodskaya (Oda), Russian soprano. British Library Catalogue Smalley (Roger), composer. British Library Catalogue Smallman (John), choirmaster, of Los Angeles. British Library Catalogue Smart (Clive), Secretary and General Manager of the British Library Catalogue Hallé Orchestra. Smirnoff (Dimitri). British Library Catalogue Smith (Alexander Brent), composer. British Library Catalogue Smith (André M.), bass trombonist. British Library Catalogue Smith (Cecil), music editor, Daily Express. British Library Catalogue Smith (Edward), general manager, City of Birmingham British Library Catalogue Symphony Orchestra. Smith (Ella May), member of the British Music Society. British Library Catalogue Smith (Michael J.), organist and musicologist. British Library Catalogue Smith, Eli (d 1949), composer, musician Saddleworth Museum and Art Gallery NRA Smith, Muriel Royal College of Music AIM25 Smith, Muriel (fl 1915‐1973), musician Royal College of Music NRA Smyth (Ethel Mary), D.B.E.; composer. British Library Catalogue Smyth, Dame Ethel Mary (1858‐1944) Composer and Cambridge University: King's College NRA Suffragist Archive Centre Smyth, Dame Ethel Mary (1858‐1944) Composer and Gloucestershire Archives NRA Suffragist Smyth, Dame Ethel Mary (1858‐1944) Composer and Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies NRA Suffragist Smyth, Dame Ethel Mary (1858‐1944) Composer and National Library of Wales: Department NRA Suffragist of Collection Services Smyth, Dame Ethel Mary (1858‐1944) Composer and Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Suffragist Western Manuscripts Society of Authors. British Library Catalogue Society of Women Musicians Royal College of Music AIM25 Solomon, pianist. British Library Catalogue Solti (Sir Georg), conductor. British Library Catalogue Somervell, Sir Arthur (1863‐1937) Knight Composer National Library of Wales: Department NRA of Collection Services Somes (Michael), of the Royal Opera House. British Library Catalogue Sorabji (Kaikhosru Shapurji), composer. British Library Catalogue Sorabji, Kaikhosru Shapurji (1892‐1988) Composer Sorabji Archive NRA Souster (Timothy Andrew James), composer. British Library Catalogue Souter (Kenneth W.), Liszt scholar. British Library Catalogue Sowerbutts (H. H.), musician and collector. British Library Catalogue Speyer, Edward (d 1934) Musician British Library NRA Spiegl (Fritz), flautist, conductor and humorist. British Library Catalogue Spinner (Leopold), Austrian composer. British Library Catalogue Spring (Carolyn), of EMI Records. British Library Catalogue 87 Stadlen (Peter), pianist and writer on music. British Library Catalogue Stainer (John F. R.), son of Sir J. Stainer. British Library Catalogue Stanford (Sir Charles Villiers), composer, teacher and British Library Catalogue conductor. Stanford, Charles Villiers (1852 ‐ 1924) Newcastle University Archives hub Stanford, Sir Charles Villiers (1852‐1924) Knight Cambridge University Library, NRA Composer and Conductor Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Stanford, Sir Charles Villiers (1852‐1924) Knight Cambridge University: Fitzwilliam NRA Composer and Conductor Museum Stanford, Sir Charles Villiers (1852‐1924) Knight Cambridge University: King's College NRA Composer and Conductor Archive Centre Stanford, Sir Charles Villiers (1852‐1924) Knight Leeds University Library, Special NRA Composer and Conductor Collections Stanford, Sir Charles Villiers (1852‐1924) Knight National Library of Ireland NRA Composer and Conductor Stanford, Sir Charles Villiers (1852‐1924) Knight Royal College of Music NRA Composer and Conductor Stangar (Ann), music producer, B.B.C. Manchester. British Library Catalogue Steinecke (Dr Wolfgang), music critic and administrator. British Library Catalogue Steinitz (Dr Charles Paul Joseph), organist and British Library Catalogue conductor. Steuermann (Eduard), pianist. British Library Catalogue Stevens (Bernard George), composer. British Library Catalogue Stevens (Risë), singer. British Library Catalogue Stevenson (Ronald), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Stevenson, Ronald National Library of Scotland SCAN Stevenson, Ronald (b 1928), composer National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA Collections Stewart (Charles), musician. British Library Catalogue Stewart, Frazer Cambridge University Library Survey return Stiff (Wilfred), of Ibbs & Tillett. British Library Catalogue Stiles (Estelle), sec., Association for British Music. British Library Catalogue St‐Martin (Léonce), organist. British Library Catalogue Stocker, Joan (fl 1933‐1942), musician Royal College of Music NRA Stockhausen (Karlheinz), composer. British Library Catalogue Stokke (Victoria), piano student. British Library Catalogue Stokowski (Leopold), conductor. British Library Catalogue Stokowski, Leopold Royal College of Music website Stone (Frederick), pianist. British Library Catalogue Strauss (Richard Georg), composer. British Library Catalogue Stravinsky (Igor Fyodorovich), composer. British Library Catalogue Stravinsky (Sviatoslav Soulima), son of I. Stravinsky; British Library Catalogue composer. Strickland, Margot (1927 ‐ Exeter University Archives hub 'Stroller', pseudonym; journalist. British Library Catalogue Stuart (Norman), organist. British Library Catalogue Stubbs (Harold), musician. British Library Catalogue Sturzenegger (Richard), composer. British Library Catalogue Suggia (Guilhermina), cellist. British Library Catalogue Sullivan (John), of the Royal Opera House, Covent British Library Catalogue Garden. Sullivan, Sir Arthur Royal Academy of Music KH report Sumsion, Herbert Whitton (1899‐1995) Organist Gloucestershire Archives NRA Supraphon, recording company of Prague. British Library Catalogue Sutherland (Shoma), sec. to R. Layton, of the B.B.C. British Library Catalogue Swarsenski (H.), of the Anglo‐Soviet Music Press. British Library Catalogue Swiatek (Lucie), of the Chopin Society. British Library Catalogue Sykes (Edwin L.), sec., Leith Hill Musical Festival. British Library Catalogue Székely (Zoltán), violinist. British Library Catalogue 88 Szigeti (Joseph), violinist. British Library Catalogue Takemitsu (Toru), composer. British Library Catalogue Tall (Dr David O.), chairman, Percy Grainger Society. British Library Catalogue Tamberlick (Enrico), Italian tenor. British Library Catalogue Tarangu (C.), of the Societatea Filarmonica, Cernauti. British Library Catalogue Tattershall, E Somerville Royal College of Music AIM25 Tavener (John Kenneth), composer. British Library Catalogue Taylor (Colin), composer; of the College of Music, British Library Catalogue University of Cape Town. Taylor, Desmond Christopher Shawe‐ (b 1907) music British Library NRA critic Taylor, Desmond Christopher Shawe‐ (b 1907) music Cambridge University: King's College NRA critic Archive Centre Taylor, Desmond Christopher Shawe‐ (b 1907) music Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA critic Western Manuscripts Taylor, Samuel Coleridge‐ (1875‐1912) Composer Royal College of Music NRA Tcherepnin (Alexander Nikolaievich), composer, pianist British Library Catalogue and conductor. Teague (Horace), musical director and violinist, of British Library Catalogue Cheltenham. Teasedale Griffiths, T. E. NLW Archives Wales Tennant (Miss K.), concert agent. British Library Catalogue Terry (Sir Richard Runciman), organist and musicologist. British Library Catalogue Tertis (Lionel), viola player. British Library Catalogue Thal (Herbert van), artists' agent, of London British Library Catalogue Management & Representation Ltd. Thalben‐Ball (George Thomas), organist. British Library Catalogue Thatcher (Sir Reginald Sparshatt), Principal of R.A.M. British Library Catalogue Theobald (Honor), of the Royal Opera House. British Library Catalogue Thistlethwaite, Lee [Newly documented] Cambridge University Library Survey return Thomas (Mansel), conductor. British Library Catalogue Thompson (Charles F.), singer. British Library Catalogue Thompson (Rev. Kenneth Charles). British Library Catalogue Thompson (Robin), musician. British Library Catalogue Thompson (W. Neville). British Library Catalogue Thompson afterw. Neame (Gwendolyn Mary), al. 'Astra British Library Catalogue Desmond'; contralto; wife of Sir T. Neame. Thompson, Eric (d 1992) musician British Library NRA Thompson, Herbert (1856 ‐ 1945) Leeds University Library, Special Archives hub Collections Thompson, Herbert (1856‐1945) Music and Art Critic of British Library NRA "the Yorkshire Post" Thompson, Herbert (1856‐1945) Music and Art Critic of Leeds University Library, Special NRA "the Yorkshire Post" Collections Thomson (John Mansfield), editor, 'Early Music'. British Library Catalogue Thomson (Virgil), composer and critic. British Library Catalogue Thomson née Stewart (Katharine), daughter of Rev. British Library Catalogue Hugh Fraser Stewart. Tillett (Mrs E. M.), of Ibbs & Tillett, agents. British Library Catalogue Tippett (Sir Michael Kemp), O.M.; C.H.; composer. British Library Catalogue Tippett, Sir Michael Kemp (1905‐1998) Knight Composer West Sussex Record Office NRA Tirimo (Martino), pianist. British Library Catalogue Tobin (John), conductor and Handel scholar. British Library Catalogue Tombs (Kerry), of Cotswold Arts and Music. British Library Catalogue Tooley (Sir John), General Administrator, Royal Opera British Library Catalogue House. Tortelier (Paul), cellist. British Library Catalogue Tovey (Sir Donald Francis), musician. British Library Catalogue Tovey, Sir Donald Francis (1875‐1940), Knight musician Edinburgh University Library, Special NRA 89 Collections Tovey, Sir Donald Francis (1875‐1940), Knight musician Private collection NRA Tovey, Sir Donald Francis (1875‐1940), Knight musician Worcestershire Record Office, County NRA Hall Branch Townsend (Irving J.), National President, National British Library Catalogue Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Toye (Geoffrey), conductor and composer. British Library Catalogue Toye (John Francis), C.B.E.; Director, British Institute, British Library Catalogue Florence; music critic. Tranchell, Peter Andrew (1922‐1993), composer and Cambridge University Library, NRA teacher of music Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Tree (Charles), singer. British Library Catalogue Tree, Beerbohm Bristol University theatre Archives Survey return Trenton (Louise), singer. British Library Catalogue Trezies (James A. H.), of Croydon Symphony Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Troutbeck (Wilfrid Henry), sound engineer. British Library Catalogue Tschaikov (Basil Nichols), clarinettist. British Library Catalogue Tuckwell (Barry), horn‐player. British Library Catalogue Turnage (Mark‐Anthony), composer. British Library Catalogue Turner (Eva), D.B.E.; soprano. British Library Catalogue Turner (Mrs O). British Library Catalogue Turner (Roger W. F.), bell‐ringer. British Library Catalogue Tye (Christopher). British Library Catalogue Tyler (G. Froom), chairman, Swansea Festival Executive British Library Catalogue Committee. Uchida (Mitsuko), pianist British Library Catalogue Unger (Wolfgang), conductor. British Library Catalogue Union of Composers of the USSR. British Library Catalogue Union of Graduates in Music LSE Archives hub Universal Edition Vienna, music publishers. British Library Catalogue Valen (Olav Fartein), composer. British Library Catalogue Valois (Ninette de), D.B.E.; ballerina. British Library Catalogue Van Dieren (Bernard), composer. British Library Catalogue Varese (Edgard Victor Achille Charles), composer. British Library Catalogue Vaughan (Denis Edward), conductor. British Library Catalogue Verbrugghen (Henri), Belgian violinist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Veress (Sándor), pianist and composer. British Library Catalogue Victory (Gerard), composer. British Library Catalogue Victory, Gerard (1921‐1995) Composer and Broadcaster Trinity College Dublin NRA Viersig (Johannes), organist of St Elizabeth, Breslau. British Library Catalogue Vincent (John), composer and teacher. British Library Catalogue Vinter (Gilbert), conductor. British Library Catalogue Vivier (Eugène Léon), horn player. British Library Catalogue Vogel (Edith), pianist. British Library Catalogue Vogel (Wladimir Rudolfovich), composer. British Library Catalogue Vogt (Hans), German composer and teacher. British Library Catalogue Voigt (Ernest R.), of Hawkes & Son, music publishers. British Library Catalogue Volbach, Fritz (1861‐1941) German Composer Elgar Birthplace Museum NRA Vyner (Michael), music administrator. British Library Catalogue Vyvyan (Jennifer), soprano. British Library Catalogue Wailes (Marylin), musician. British Library Catalogue Walford (Samuel E.), maker of harmonicas. British Library Catalogue Walker (Ernest), composer and writer on music. British Library Catalogue Wallace (Ian), singer and actor. British Library Catalogue Wallace, William (1860‐1940), composer and writer on National Library of Scotland, Manuscript NRA music Collections Walter (Bruno), conductor. British Library Catalogue Walter (Frau Olga), of Vienna. British Library Catalogue Walton (Sir William Turner), O.M.; composer. British Library Catalogue 90 Walton née Gil (Susana), wife of Sir William Walton. British Library Catalogue Walton, Sir William (1902‐1983) Knight Composer Cambridge University: King's College NRA Archive Centre Walton, Sir William (1902‐1983) Knight Composer Tate Gallery Archive NRA Walton, Sir William (1902‐1983) Knight Composer Walton Trust NRA Wanless (Thomas), music teacher and editor. British Library Catalogue Warneck (Diether), sec. to D. Fischer‐Dieskau. British Library Catalogue Warner (Richard), organist and musicologist. British Library Catalogue Washington (Henry), organist. British Library Catalogue Watson (Angus), Master of Music, Winchester College. British Library Catalogue Watson (Dr Sydney), O.B.E.; organist. British Library Catalogue Watson (Henry), organist and conductor. British Library Catalogue Watts (Helen), singer. British Library Catalogue Weatherly (Fred E.), songwriter British Library Catalogue Weaver, Geoffrey John (b 1943), teacher and conductor Cambridge University Library, NRA of music Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Webber (Michael), chairman, London Lyric Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Webern (Anton Friedrich Wilhelm von), composer. British Library Catalogue Webster (Sir David Lumsden), K.C.V.O.; General British Library Catalogue Administrator, Royal Opera House, Covent Garden. Wedgwood (Cicely Veronica), D.B.E. British Library Catalogue Wedgwood née Pawson (Iris Veronica), wife of Sir Ralph British Library Catalogue Lewis Wedgwood. Weingartner (Felix), composer and conductor. British Library Catalogue Welch (Reginald Stuart), musician. British Library Catalogue Wellesz (Egon), musicologist. British Library Catalogue Wellesz, Egon (1885‐1974) composer lecturer Oxford University: Bodleian Library, NRA Western Manuscripts Welsing (Hermann Steudner), composer. British Library Catalogue Wessex Philharmonic Orchestra Royal College of Music AIM25 West (John Ebenezer), organist and composer. British Library Catalogue Weston (Pamela Theodora), clarinettist. British Library Catalogue Wetton (Hilary Davan), conductor. British Library Catalogue Wheeler (Frank E.), organist. British Library Catalogue Whettam (Graham Dudley), composer. British Library Catalogue Whewell (Michael), bassoonist. British Library Catalogue Whinyates (Seymour), O.B.E.; violinist. British Library Catalogue White (Clement), composer. British Library Catalogue White (Maude Valérie), composer and writer. British Library Catalogue White, Eric Walter (1905 ‐ Bodleian Library Archives hub Whitehouse (William Edward), F.R.A.M.; F.R.C.M.; British Library Catalogue cellist. Whitmore (Keith B.), general administrator, British Library Catalogue Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra and Bournemouth Sinfonietta. Whittaker, William Gillies (1876‐1944), composer St Andrews University Library NRA Whyte (Margaret M.), musician. British Library Catalogue Wiele (Aimée van de), harpsichordist. British Library Catalogue Wilkinson (Marc), composer. British Library Catalogue Willcocks (Sir David Valentine), conductor British Library Catalogue Williams (Florian), Director of Joseph Williams Ltd., British Library Catalogue music publishers. Williams (Grace), composer. British Library Catalogue Williams (Joseph) Ltd., music publishers, of London. British Library Catalogue Williams (Martin B. M.), sec., Musicians' Benevolent British Library Catalogue Fund. Williams (Peter Frederic), organist and musicologist. British Library Catalogue Williams formerly Wood née Lock (Joan Ursula Penton British Library Catalogue Vaughan), writer; widow of R. Vaughan Williams. 91 Williams née Fisher (Adeline Vaughan), 1st wife of R. British Library Catalogue Vaughan Williams. Williams, Eunice Bryn NLW Archives Wales Williams, Grace (1906‐1977) Composer National Library of Wales: Department NRA of Collection Services Williams, Ralph Vaughan (1872‐1958) composer British Library NRA Williams, Ralph Vaughan (1872‐1958) composer Surrey History Centre NRA Williams, Ralph Vaughan (1872‐1958) composer Vaughan Williams Trust Survey return Williams, William Matthews (1885‐1972), musician Anglesey County Record Office/Archifdy NRA Ynys Mon Williamson (J. R.), musician. British Library Catalogue Williamson (Malcolm Benjamin Graham Christopher), British Library Catalogue composer; Master of the Queen's Music. Willink (Derek E.), singer. British Library Catalogue Willock (Laura), musician. British Library Catalogue Wilson (E. P.), of Arnold Dolmetsch Ltd., musical British Library Catalogue instrument makers. Wilson (John Whitridge), organist and hymnologist. British Library Catalogue Wilson (Marie), violinist. British Library Catalogue Wilson (Sir James Steuart), singer and musical British Library Catalogue administrator. Wilson, John Whitridge Royal College of Music AIM25 Winfield (Roger), oboist. British Library Catalogue Wintle (Julian), of Independent Artists (Production) Ltd. British Library Catalogue Wishart (Peter Charles Arthur), composer. British Library Catalogue Wittgenstein (Paul), pianist. British Library Catalogue Wolff (Christian), composer. British Library Catalogue Wolstencroft (Joan), viola player. British Library Catalogue Wood (Avril), daughter of Sir H. J. Wood. British Library Catalogue Wood (Charles), composer and organist. British Library Catalogue Wood (Hugh), composer. British Library Catalogue Wood (Jessica), of the Henry Wood Concert Society. British Library Catalogue Wood (Michael), of the Royal Opera House, Covent British Library Catalogue Garden. Wood (Muriel), 2nd wife of Sir H. J. Wood. British Library Catalogue Wood (Ralph), composer. British Library Catalogue Wood formerly Hillman neé Ourousoff (Princess Olga British Library Catalogue Michailowna), 1st wife of Sir H. J. Wood. Wood, Christopher Trinity College of Music Survey return Wood, Christopher (1911‐1990) composer, conductor Jerwood Library of the Performing Arts NRA and hapsichordist Wood, Henry J Royal Academy of Music KH report Wood, Sir Henry Joseph (1869‐1944) Knight Musical British Library NRA Conductor Wood, Sir Henry Joseph (1869‐1944) Knight Musical British Library NRA Conductor Wood, Sir Henry Joseph (1869‐1944) Knight Musical Elgar Birthplace Museum NRA Conductor Wood, Thomas (1892‐1950) Composer British Library NRA Woodgate (Leslie), choral conductor. British Library Catalogue Woodman (Richard), pianist. British Library Catalogue Woodward (Eric), conductor. British Library Catalogue Woolfenden, Guy Anthony (b 1937), composer Cambridge University Library, NRA Department of Manuscripts and University Archives Worcester Festival Choral Society. British Library Catalogue Wordsworth (William Brocklesby), composer. British Library Catalogue Wraper (Paul B.), of the B.B.C. Revue Orchestra. British Library Catalogue Wright (Kenneth Anthony), O.B.E.; musical director. British Library Catalogue 92 Wyndham née Hodder‐Williams (Anne), musician. British Library Catalogue Wyss (Sophia), singer. Postcard to B. Stevens, 1946. British Library Catalogue 69027, f. 22. Xenakis (Iannis), composer. British Library Catalogue Young (A. Philip), A.R.C.M.; pianist. British Library Catalogue Young (Basil Alexander), tenor. British Library Catalogue Young (Douglas), composer and pianist. British Library Catalogue Zavertal, Ladislao (1849 ‐ 1942) Glasgow University Archives hub Zirato (Bruno), concert manager. British Library Catalogue Zur Mühlen (Raimund von), German tenor and teacher. British Library Catalogue *Various Ruth Rostron (Private collection: Survey return previously unknown)

Appendix 2: select bibliography of published collections

Albrecht, Theodore Letters to Beethoven and other correspondence Lincoln, NE ; London : University of Nebraska Press in association with the American Beethoven Society and the Ira F. Brilliant Center for Beethoven Studies, San Jose State University, c1996 Anhalt, István Eagle minds : selected correspondence of Istvan Waterloo, Ont. : Wilfrid Laurier Anhalt and George Rochberg, 1961‐2005 University Press, c2007 Ashton, Algernon Truth, wit and wisdom...525 letters to the Press, London : Chapman & Hall, Ltd., 1905 1887‐1903 Bach, Carl Philipp Emanuel The letters of C.P.E. Bach Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1997 Bach, Johann Elias Die Briefentwürfe des Johann Elias Bach (1705‐ Hildesheim : G. Olms, 2005 1755) Bartók, Béla Béla Bartók ‐ letters London (3 Queen Sq., WC1N 3AU) : Faber and Faber Ltd, 1971 Bartók, Béla Bartóks Briefe in die Slowakei Bratislava : [Verlag A‐Press], 1971 Beckett, Samuel The letters of Samuel Beckett Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2009 Beethoven, Ludwig van L. van Beethoven : seine an den Verlag von Leipzig : C. F. Peters, [1927] Hoffmeister und Kühnel Beethoven, Ludwig van Beethoven : letters, journals and conversations London : Jonathan Cape, 1966 Bekker, Paul Briefe an zeitgenössische Musiker Berlin‐Schöneberg : Max Hesses Verlag, 1932 Berg, Alban Alban Berg: letters to his wife London, : Faber, 1971 Berlioz, Hector New letters of Berlioz, 1830‐1868 Westport, Conn. : Greenwood Press , [1974]. Berlioz, Hector Berlioz, selected letters London : Faber and Faber, 1995 Berlioz, Hector Briefe von Hector Berlioz an die Fürstin Carolyne Leipzig : Breitkopf and Härtel, 1903 Sayn ‐ Wittgenstein Berlioz, Hector Lettres à la princesse Paris : L'Herne, c2003 Billington, Elizabeth (musician) Memoirs of Mrs. Billington, from her birth ... With London : James Ridgway, 1792 copies of several original letters Billroth, Theodor Billroth und Brahms im Briefwechsel Berlin : Urban & Schwarzenberg, 1935 Bizet, Georges Lettres de Georges Bizet : impressions de Rome Paris : Calmann‐Lévy, 1908 (1857‐1860), la Commune (1871) Boito, Arrigo Lettere di Arrigo Boito / raccolte e annotate da Roma : Società editrice di "Novissima", Raffaello de Rensis ; disegni di Memmo Genua. c1932 Boulez, Pierre Pierre Boulez and John Cage correspondence Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1993 Brahms, Johannes Briefe der Freundschaft : Johannes Brahms ‐ Klaus Heide in Holstein : Verlag Boyens, Groth c1997 93 Brahms, Johannes Johannes Brahms : life and letters / selected and Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1997 annotated by Styra Avins Brahms, Johannes The Brahms‐Keller correspondence Lincoln, [Neb.] ; London : University of Nebraska Press in cooperation with Library of Congress Music Division, 1996. Britten, Benjamin. Letters from a life: the selected letters of Benjamin London : Faber, 1991 – Britten 1913 – 1976. Vols 1 ‐ 5 v. 4‐ : Woodbridge : Boydell Press in assocation with the Britten‐Pears Foundation Bruckner, Anton Sämtliche Werke. Band 24/1 , Briefe, Band I: 1852‐ Wien : Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag 1886 / Anton Bruckner ; kritische Gesamtausgabe der Internationalen Bruckner‐ herausgegeben von der Generaldirektion der Gesellschaft, 1998 Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek und der Internationalen Bruckner‐Gesellschaft unter Leitung von Leopold Nowak Bülow, Hans von Neue Briefe / herausgegeben und eingeleitet von München : Drei Masken Verlag, a.g, Richard Graf Du Moulin Eckart [c1927] Bülow, Hans von Letters of Hans von Bülow to Richard Wagner [et New York : Vienna House, 1972 al.] Bülow, Hans von Letters of Hans von Bülow to Richard Wagner, London : A. A. Knopf, 1931 Cosima Wagner, his daughter Daniela, Luise von Bülow, Karl Klindworth, Carl Bechstein Burney, Charles The letters of Dr Charles Burney. Vol.1 , 1751‐1784 Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1991 Busch, Hans Verdi's Falstaff in letters and contemporary Bloomington : Indiana University reviews Press, c1997 Bush, Alan The correspondence of Alan Bush and John Ireland Aldershot, England ; Burlington, VT : : 1927‐1961 Ashgate, c2006 Busoni, Ferruccio Letters to his wife / Ferruccio Busoni London : Edward Arnold, 1938 Cantagrel, Gilles Mozart : letters and manuscripts New York : Harry N. Abrams, 2005 Carey, Hugh Duet for two voices : an informal biography of Cambridge [Eng.] ; New York : Edward Dent compiled from his letters to Clive Cambridge University Press, 1979 Carey Catalani, Alfredo The politics of opera in turn‐of‐the‐century Italy : Lewiston, N.Y ; Lampeter : Mellen, as seen through the letters of Alfredo Catalani c1992 Chalupt, René Ravel au miroir de ses lettres / René Chalupt ; Paris : R. Laffont, [c1956] correspondenceondance réunie par Marcelle Gerar et René Chalupt Chopin, Frédéric Correspondenceondance de Frédéric Chopin Paris : Richard‐Masse, 1953‐1960 Copland, Aaron The selected correspondence of Aaron Copland New Haven [Conn.] : Yale University Press, c2006 Cousins, Norman Albert Schweitzer's mission : healing and peace, New York : Norton, c1985 with hitherto unpublished letters from Schweitzer, Nehru, Eisenhower, Khrushchev, and Kennedy CRAWFORD, afterwards COX, Letters from Great Musicians to Young People. New York : G. Schirmer, 1909 Alethea Brinckerhoff, and CHAPIN (Anna Alice) Cvetko, Dragotin Fragment glasbene moderne iz pisem Slavku Ljubljana : Slovenska akademija Ostercu = : A fragment of musical modernism from znanosti in umetnosti, 1988 letters to Slavko Osterc D'Annunzio, Gabriele Caro maestro : [D'Annunzio e i musicisti] / [a cura Genova : De Ferrari, 1997 di] Adriano Bassi David, Hans Theodore The new Bach reader : a life of Johann Sebastian New York ; London : Norton, 1998 Bach in letters and documents Davison, J. W. From Mendelssohn to Wagner. Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1987 DAVISON, James William Music during the Victorian Era. From Mendelssohn London : Wm. Reeves, 1912 to Wagner. Being the memoirs of J. W. Davison de la Grange, Henri‐Louis and Gustav Mahler : letters to his wife London : Faber and Faber, 2005 Günther Weiss (ed) 94 Debussy, Claude Claude Debussy et Gabriele D'Annunzio : Paris : Denoël, [1948] correspondenceondance inédite Debussy, Claude The poetic Debussy : a collection of his song texts Rochester, N.Y : University of and selected letters Rochester Press, 1994 Debussy, Claude Lettres à deux amis : soixante‐dix‐huit lettres Paris : J. Corti, [1942] inédites à Robert Godet et G. Jean‐Aubry Debussy, Claude Debussy's letters to Inghelbrecht : the story of a Rochester, NY : University of musical friendship Rochester Press, c2005 Debussy, Claude Lettres de Claude Debussy a sa femme Emma Paris : Flammarion, 1957 Delacroix, Eugène Eugène Delacroix, further correspondence, 1817‐ Oxford : Clarendon Press ; New York : 1863 Oxford University Press, 1991 Dukas, Paul Correspondenceondance de Paul Dukas / Choix de Paris : Durand, [1971] lettres établi par Georges Favre Eisen, Cliff (ed.) Mozart : a life in letters London : Penguin, 2006 Elgar, Edward Edward Elgar : letters of a lifetime Oxford : Clarendon, 1990 Elgar, Edward Letters to Nimrod : Edward Elgar to August Jaeger, London : D. Dobson, [1965] 1897‐1908 Elgar, Edward Letters of Edward Elgar and other writings London : G. Bles, 1956 Elton, Antony The Kovac letters 1987‐89 : Tony Elton and Tony [Durham : Toad House Books], 1990 Kovac Fauré, Gabriel Lettres intimes / [by] Gabriel Fauré Paris : La Colombe, 1951 Fauré, Gabriel Gabriel Fauré : a life in letters London : Batsford, 1989, c1988 Fay, Amy Music‐study in Germany : from the home London : Macmillan , 1897 correspondence of Amy Fay Ferrier, Kathleen The letters and diaries of Kathleen Ferrier Woodbridge : Boydell Press, 2003 Finzi, Gerald Letters of Gerald Finzi and Howard Ferguson Rochester, NY : Boydell Press, 2001 Flesch, Carl F 'And do you also play the violin?' London : Toccata Press, 1990 Floros, Constantin Alban Berg and Hanna Fuchs : the story of a love Bloomington : Indiana University in letters Press, c2008 Foreman, Lewis (ed.) From Parry to Britten : British music in letters London : Batsford, 1987 1900‐1945 Forkel, Johann Nikolaus The Forkel‐Hoffmeister & Kühnel correspondence : New York ; London : C.F. Peters, c1990 a document of the early 19th‐century Bach revival Fowler, J. T. Life and letters of John Bacchus Dykes, vicar of St; London : John Murray, 1897 Oswald's, Durham FRIEDLAENDER, Max Engelbert Humperdinck als Beethoven‐Forscher. (Sonderabdruck aus “Die Musik.”) [An exchange of letters between M. Friedlaender and E. Humperdinck, with special reference to A. W. F. von Zuccalmaglio.] Gade, Niels W. Optegnelser og breve / udg. af Dagmar Gade København : Gyldendalske boghandels forlag, 1892 Gal, Hans (ed.) The musicians's world : letters of the great London : Thames and Hudson, 1978, composers c1965 Glover, William A musician's letters to the Rev. Canon Richson on Manchester : W. Armstrong, [ca. English music & English artists 1860] Gluck, Christoph Willibald Lettres de Gluck et de Weber Paris : Henri Plon, 1870 Gould, Glenn Glenn Gould : selected letters Toronto ; Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1992 Gounod, Charles Autobiographical reminiscences : with family London : Heineman, 1896 letters and notes on music Grainger, Percy Aldridge The all‐round man : selected letters of Percy Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1994 Grainger, 1914‐1961 Grierson, Mary Donald Francis Tovey : a biography based on Westport, Conn. : Greenwood Press , letters [1970] Grierson, Mary Donald Francis Tovey : a biography based on London ; New York : Oxford University letters Press, 1952 Haine, Malou. 400 lettres de musiciens : au Musée royal de Liège : Mardaga, c1995 Mariemont 95 Hallé, Charles Life and Letters of Charles Hallé Smith Elder & Co, 1896 Hauptmann, Moritz The letters of a Leipzig cantor : being the letters of London, New York : Novello, Ewer, Moritz Hauptmann to Franz Hauser, Ludwig 1892 Spohr, and other musicians Heller, Stephen Lettres d'un musicien romantique à Paris Paris : Flammarion, c1981 Hendrix, Jimi The lost writings of Jimi Hendrix London : Bloomsbury, 1994 Hermand, Jost & James Steakley Writings of German composers New York : Continuum, 1984 (ed) Higelin, Jacques Lettres d'amour d'un soldat de vingt ans Paris : Grasset, 1987 Hildegard, Saint The letters of Hildegard of Bingen. Vol.1 New York ; Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1994 Hindemith, Paul Selected letters of Paul Hindemith New Haven ; London : Yale University Press, c1995 Hogg, James The collected letters of James Hogg Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press, 2004‐2008 Holst, Gustav Gustav Holst ‐ letters to W.G. Whittaker Stuttgart & Berlin, [1926.] Holst, Gustav Letters to W.G. Whittaker / Gustav Holst [Glasgow] : University of Glasgow Press, 1974 Huygens, Constantijn Musique et musiciens au XVIIe siècle : Leyde : E.J. Brill, 1882 correspondenceondance et oeuvre musicales de Constantin Huygens Ives, Charles Selected correspondence of Charles Ives Berkeley ; London : University of California Press, c2007 Janáček, Leoš Intimate letters : Leoš Janáček to Kamila Stösslová London : Faber, 1994 Jerger, Wilhelm Briefe an die Wiener Philharmoniker [Wien] : Wiener Verlag, 1942 Joachim, Joseph Letters from and to Joseph Joachim London : Macmillan, 1914 Johnson, Barbara Urner Catherine Urner (1891‐1942) and Charles Koechlin Aldershot : Ashgate, c2003 (1862‐1950) : a musical affaire Kees, Weldon Weldon Kees and the midcentury generation : Lincoln ; London : University of letters, 1935‐1955 Nebraska Press, c1986 Kiyooka, Roy Transcanada letters / Roy K. Kiyooka Edmonton, Alta. : NeWest Press, c2005 Krause, Christian Gottfried The correspondence of Christian Gottfried Krause : Farnham : Ashgate, c2009 a music lover in the age of sensibility La Baume Lettres sur l'Opéra : 1840‐1842 [éditées par le] Paris, 1921 Duc de Montmorency La Mara Briefe hervorragender Zeitgenossen an Franz Liszt Leipzig : Breitkopf & Härtel, 1895‐ 1904 Leur, Truus de Keep these letters, please! : a written portrait of Amsterdam : Royal Concertgebouw the Concertgebouw Orchestra 1904‐1921 Orchestra ; Bussum : Thoth, c1998 Liszt, Franz Franz Liszt : selected letters Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1998 Lockspeiser, Edward The literary clef: an anthology of letters and London : Calder, 1958 writings by French composers Lonitz, Henri (ed.) Correspondence 1943‐1955 : Theodor W. Adorno Cambridge : Polity, 2005 & Thomas Mann Mahler, Alma Gustav Mahler : memories and letters London : Cardinal, 1990 Mahler, Gustav Briefwechsel 1888 ‐ 1911 / Gustav Mahler, München : Piper, [1980] Richard Strauss Mahler, Gustav Gustav Mahler : letters to his wife London : Faber and Faber, 2004 Mahler, Gustav The Mahler family letters / edited, translated, and Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2006 annotated by Stephen McClatchie Mendelssohn‐Bartholdy, Felix Letters / Felix Mendelssohn‐Bartholdy [London] : Paul Elek, 1946 Mendelssohn‐Bartholdy, Felix Letters / Felix Mendelssohn New York : Pantheon, c1945 Mendelssohn‐Bartholdy, Felix Briefe aus Leipziger Archiven / Felix Mendelssohn Leipzig : Deutscher Verlag für Musik, Bartholdy [1972] Messiaen, Olivier "Bien cher Félix ..." : letters from Olivier Messiaen Cambridge : Mirage, 1998 and Yvonne Loriod to Felix Aprahamian

96 Meyer, Felix Elliott Carter : a centennial portrait in letters and Woodbridge, Suffolk : The Boydell documents Press, 2008 Mitchell, Donald (ed.) Letters from a life : the selected letters and diaries London : Faber, 1991 of Benjamin Britten Monteverdi, Claudio The letters of Claudio Monteverdi Oxford : Clarendon, 1995 Moore, Jerrold Northrop Elgar and his publishers : letters of a creative life London, 1912. Moore, Jerrold Northrop Music and friends : seven decades of letters to London : H. Hamilton, 1979 Adrian Boult from Elgar, Vaughan Williams, Holst, Bruno Walter, Yehudi Menuhin and other friends Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Briefe und Aufzeichnungen / Mozart ; Kassel : Bärenreiter, 1962‐1975 Gesamtausgabe herausgegeben von der Internationalen Stiftung Mozarteum Salzburg ; gesammelt und erläutert von Wilhelm A. Bauer und Otto Erich Deutsch Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. Volume 2 , Letters London : David Campbell, c1997 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart speaks : views on music, musicians, and Schirmer Books : New York ; New York the world : drawn from the letters of Wolfgang : Maxwell Macmillan International ; Amadeus Mozart and other early accounts Oxford : Maxwell Macmillan International, c1991 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Briefe und Aufzeichnungen / Mozart ; Kassel, München : Bärenreiter : Gesamtausgabe herausgegeben von der Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, 2005 Internationalen Stiftung Mozarteum Salzburg ; gesammelt und erläutert von Wilhelm A. Bauer und Otto Erich Deutsch ; auf Grund deren Vorarbeiten erläutert von Joseph Heinz Eibl. Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus The letters of Mozart & his family London : Macmillan, 1938 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's letters, Mozart's life : selected letters London : Faber, 2001 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus The letters of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart London : Longmans, Green and Co., 1865 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart : a life in letters London : Penguin, 2006 Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, January 27, 1756‐ Riverside, Calif. : Ariadne Press, 2007 December 5, 1791 : perspectives from his correspondence Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus A Mozart letter book London : A. Barker, 1956 Nohl, K.F.L. Letters of distinguished musicians : Gluck [and Lond., 1867 others] Norman, Gertrude Letters of composers : an anthology, 1603‐1945 New York : Knopf, 1946 Poulenc, Francis Selected correspondence, 1915‐1963 : echo and London : V. Gollancz, 1991 source / Francis Poulenc Poznansky, Alexander The Tchaikovsky handbook: a guide to the man Bloomington : Indiana University and his music / compiled by Alexander Poznansky Press, c2002 and Brett Langston. Vol. 2, Catalogue of letters, genealogy, bibliography Puccini, Giacomo Letters of Giacomo Puccini, mainly connected with London : Harrap, 1931 the composition and production of his operas Puccini, Giacomo Puccini : 276 lettere inedite : ilfondo dell' Milano : Nuove Edizioni, 1974 Accademia d'Arte a Montecatini Terme REED, afterwards Love Letters of a Musician New York & London : G. P. Putnam’s MACCULLOUGH, Myrtle Sons, 1899 Reger, Max Briefe eines deutschen Meisters : ein Lebensbild Leipzig : Koehler & Amelang, [c1928] Roger‐Ducasse Lettres à Nadia Boulanger / Roger‐Ducasse Sprimont : Mardaga, c1999 Saint‐Saëns, Camille The correspondence of Camille Saint‐Saëns and Aldershot Hants, England ; Burlington, Gabriel Fauré : sixty years of friendship VT : Ashgate, c2004 SAYERS, William Charles Berwick Samuel Coleridge‐Taylor, musician: his life and London : Cassell & Co., 1915 letters Schoenberg, Arnold Arnold Schoenberg: Letters. Selected and edited by London : Faber & Faber, 1964 Erwin Stein

97 Schoenberg, Arnold Arnold Schoenberg correspondence : a collection Metuchen, N.J ; London : Scarecrow, of translated and annotated letters exchanged 1991 with Guido Adler, Pablo Casals, Emanuel Feuermann, and Olin Downes Schönberg, Arnold Briefe / Arnold Schoenberg, ausgewählt und Mainz : B. Schott's Söhne, c1958 herausgegeben von Erwin Stein Schulz, J. A. P. Briefwechsel zwischen Johann Abraham Peter Kassell : Bärenreiter‐Verlag, 1960 Schulz und Johann Heinrich Voss Schütz, Heinrich Letters and documents of Heinrich Schütz, 1656‐ Rochester, NY ; Woodbridge : 1672 University of Rochester Press, 1992 Schweitzer, Albert Albert Schweitzer and Alice Ehlers : a friendship in Lanham, [Md.] ; London : University letters Press of America, c1991 SHEATH, Fabius Nunn Passing‐Notes; or passages from letters to a London : Anglo‐German School of young musician Music, 1906 Shostakovich, Dmitriĭ Story of a friendship : the letters of Dmitry London : Faber and Faber, 2001 Dmitrievich Shostakovich to Isaak Glikman, 1941‐1975 Simeone, Nigel Poulenc in London and dreamland : his letters to Cambridge : Mirage, 2000 Felix Aprahamian, commentaries on songs and London concerts Smetana, Bedřich Letters and reminiscences / Bedřich Smetana Prague : Artia, 1955 Štědroň, Bohumír Leos Janácek : letters and reminiscences Prague : Artia, 1955 Stevenson, Ronald Comrades in art : the correspondence of Ronald London : Toccata Press, c2010 Stevenson and Percy Grainger 1957‐61 Strauss, Richard Richard Strauss & Romain Rolland : London : Calder and Boyars, 1968 correspondence Strauss, Richard Briefwechsel mit Willi Schuh / Richard Strauss Zürich : Atlantis, 1969 Stravinsky, Vera Dearest bubushkin : the correspondence of Vera New York, N.Y. : Thames and Hudson, and Igor Stravinsky, 1921‐1954 1985 Sullivan, Herbert Sir Arthur Sullivan, his life, letters & diaries London : Cassell, 1927 Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich "To my best friend" : correspondence between Oxford : Clarendon, 1993 Tchaikovsky and Nadezhda von Meck, 1876‐1878 Telemann, Georg Philipp Briefwechsel : sämtliche erreichbare Briefe von Leipzig : VEB Deutscher Verlag für und an Telemann Musik, 1972 Thompson, Dave To Major Tom : the Bowie letters London : Sanctuary, c2002 Tiersot, Julien Lettres de musiciens écrites en francais du XV au Turin : Bocca Frères, 1924 XX siècle (de 1480 à 1830) Tippett, Michael Selected letters of Michael Tippett London : Faber and Faber, 2005 Toscanini, Arturo The letters of Arturo Toscanini Chicago : University of Chicago Press, 2006 Tyrell, John (ed) and Janáček, Intimate letters : Leos Janáček to Kamila Stösslová London : Faber and Faber, 2005 Leoš Vaughan Williams, Ralph Letters of Ralph Vaughan Williams 1895‐1958 Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2008 Verdi, Giuseppe The Verdi‐Boito correspondence Chicago ; London : University of Chicago Press, 1994 Verdi, Giuseppe Letters of Giuseppe Verdi London, Gollancz, 1971 Verdi, Giuseppe Verdi's Otello and Simon Boccanegra (revised Oxford [Oxfordshire] : Clarendon Press version) in letters and documents ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1988 Villa‐Lobos, Heitor The Villa‐Lobos letters [London] : Toccata Press, c1994 Wagner, Richard Family letters of Richard Wagner Basingstoke : Macmillan, 1991 Wagner, Richard Richard Wagners Briefe an Frau Julie Ritter München : F. Bruckmann, 1920. Wagner, Richard Richard Wagner's Briefe an Theodor Uhlig, Leipzig, Breitkopf und Härtel, 1888 Wilhelm Fischer, Ferdinand Heine Wagner, Richard The letters of Richard Wagner to Anton Pusinelli New York : Knopf, c1932 Wagner, Richard Richard Wagner's letters to his Dresden friends : London : H. Grevel and Co, 1890 Theodor Uhlig, Wilhelm Fischer, and Ferdinand Heine

98 Wagner, Richard Letters of Richard Wagner to Emil Heckel London : Grant Richards, 1899 Wagner, Richard Letters of Richard Wagner / selected and edited by London : J. M.Dent, E.P. Dutton, 1927 Wilhelm Altmann Wagner, Richard Richard Wagner: letters to Wesendonck et al London : Grant Richards, 1899 Wagner, Richard Richard Wagner to Mathilde Wesendonck London : H. Grevel, 1905 Wallace, Grace Letters of distinguished musicians. London, 1867 Walton, William The selected letters of William Walton London : Faber, 2002 Warlock, Peter The collected letters of Peter Warlock. Volume I, Woodbridge : Boydell, c2005 1899‐1911 Warlock, Peter The collected letters of Peter Warlock. Volume II, Woodbridge : Boydell, c2005 1894‐1930 Warlock, Peter The collected letters of Peter Warlock. Volume III, Woodbridge : Boydell, c2005 1916‐21 Warlock, Peter The collected letters of Peter Warlock. Volume IV, Woodbridge : Boydell, c2005 1922‐30 Webern, Anton Briefe an Hildegard Jone und Josef Humplik [Wien] : Universal Edition, [1959] Weill, Kurt Speak low (when you speak love) : the letters of London : Hamish Hamilton, 1996 Kurt Weill and Lotte Lenya Wesley, Samuel The letters of Samuel Wesley : professional and Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2001 social correspondence, 1797‐1837 Whitcomb, Ian Ian Whitcomb's "Letter from Lotusland" : January [Los Angeles] : I. Whitcomb, 2004. to December 2004 Wolff, Konrad The writings and letters of Konrad Wolff Bloomington, IN : Indiana University Press, c2006. Ziegler, Leonhard Leonhard Ziegler und Xaver Schnyder von Zürich und Leipzig : Wartensee im Briefwechsel Kommissionsverlag von Hug & Cie, [1941]

99 Appendix 3. Project plan Project management

Project team: Katharine Hogg (KH), Rachel Milestone (RM), Alexis Paterson (AP), Rupert Ridgewell (RR), Susi Woodhouse (SW)

KH: Day­to­day administration and coordination with MLT and project team SW: Gathering of survey data, design of data structure and subsequent collection description RR: Strategic direction and development of case studies RM and AP: Case studies, desk research and interviews with living composers Publicity and PR to be undertaken by all, co­ordinated by KH Investigations of identified collections to be undertaken by all team members

Phase one (February–August 2010)

• Data­gathering: focus on 20 th century but to include composers and performers • Design format for data gathering, using fields as in CPP project; data to be structured and tabulated consistently (SW to design) • Design of questionnaire to be sent to targeted groups – these to include IAML list, NRA list, RMA list, local studies libraries (SW) • Desk research to identify existing published collections of letters. These to form an appendix to scoping study (RM) • Survey of existing online portals that provide access to letters in other subject areas (RR) • Living composers’ collections: to investigate what/how they keep correspondence (AP) • RM and AP to consider pragmatically how they might investigate collections in their geographical areas; identify a range of institution types within an area and investigate their collections (AP and RM) • Types of institution to be investigated to include publishers’ archives, by interviewing contacts from Bärenreiter, OUP, Schott Music (KH)

Simultaneously to investigate individual identified collections: • BBC Written Archives (KH) • RAM McCann collection (KH) • BL collections (RR) • Orchestral Library collections (RR) • CUL and other Cambridge collections (SW)

Phase 2 (September 2010)

• Interim report • Collate summaries of data gathered and investigations undertaken. Identify areas for further investigation, sample collections to be examined in more detail, and suggest documentation process for detailed descriptions. (SW/KH/RR) • Continued investigation of identified collections from Phase 1, depending on progress and discoveries made so far

Phase 3 (October–December 2010)

• Develop detailed descriptions and make further investigations arising from interim report. • Case studies (AM, AP)

100 Phase 4 (January–February 2011)

Final report, to include: • an overview of holdings and issues associated with their discovery, documentation and access • case studies based on collections studied, possible themes include holdings of an individual’s letters and/or an institution’s holdings • recommendations on next steps in a programme of documenting collections

101 Appendix 4. Survey form for holding institutions

Music Libraries Trust Musicians' letters scoping study: collections survey This survey is intended to gather general information on the locations and extent of collections of musicians' letters held in institutions in the UK and Ireland.

Survey returns: Please email your completed survey by 31 July 2010 to: [email protected] with the subject line: Musicians' letters survey return

Institution name and address (where applicable)

Contact Name and post title

Contact email and telephone

Letter collections: please complete the columns below with information as requested. Emphasis is on 20th century subjects, but important earlier collections should be included. Please use a separate row for each disctinct collection and insert as many as you need to complete the survey

Short description of collection: size, time span, types of materials (e.g. Name of musician Collection title Letters, emails) or URL where information is available

Thank you for your help

102 EXAMPLE (fictional)

Institution: Sandfordshire University Library

Short description of collection: size, time span, types of materials (e.g. Name of musician Collection title Letters, emails) William Howard (conductor and Includes approx 50 handwritten and typed letters from 1955 ‐ 1970 held as composer) Sandfordshire Musical Society Archives part of the archive. Flora Templeton (soprano) Papers of Flora Templeton Includes four boxes of handwritten letters, 1910 ‐ 1935

103 Appendix 5. Survey form for individuals

Music Libraries Trust Musicians' letters scoping study: collections survey This survey is intended to gather general information on the locations and extent of collections of musicians' letters held in institutions in the UK and Ireland.

Survey returns: Please email your completed survey by 31 July 2010 to: [email protected] with the subject line: Musicians' letters survey return

Contact Name

Contact email and telephone

Letter collections: please complete the columns below with information as requested. Emphasis is on 20th century subjects, but important earlier collections should be included. Please use a separate row for each disctinct collection and insert as many as you need to complete the survey

Short description of collection: size, time span, types of materials (e.g. Name of musician Collection title Letters, emails) or URL where information is available

Thank you for your help

104 EXAMPLE (fictional)

Sandy Ford [email protected] Short description of collection: size, time span, types of materials (e.g. Name of musician Collection title Letters, emails) William Howard (conductor and Includes approx 50 handwritten and typed letters from 1955 ‐ 1970 held as composer) Friends of William Howard part of the archive currently in the care of Sandy Ford. Includes four boxes of handwritten letters, 1910 ‐ 1935 (Sandy Ford's Flora Templeton (soprano) family collection grandmother) Sandy Ford (composer) Personal papers 100 typed letters, 200Mbs email archived files (1980 ‐ present)

105 INDEX OF MUSICIANS’ LETTERS CITED IN THE REPORT

Aho, Kalevi 37 Allen, Hugh 45 Alwyn, William 14, 37 Andriessen, Louis 37 Aprahamian, Felix 23 Bantock, Granville 17, 42 Barbirolli, John 17 Bax, Arnold 42, 48 Beecham, Thomas 20 Berg, Alban 39 Berkeley, Lennox 21 Bliss, Arthur 9, 21, 28 Böhm, Thomas 17 Boult, Adrian 39, 44, 45 Bowman, James 34, 39 Boyle, Ina 48 Bream, Julian 43 Britten, Benjamin 16, 23, 36, 39 Broadwood, Walter 17 Burney, Charles 50 Bush, Alan 21 Butterworth, George 16 Carse, Adam 45 Carter, Elliott 37 Clarke, Rebecca 39 Cohen, Harriet 17, 48 Copland, Aaron 39 Crotch, William 17 Currie, Colin 34, 37, 38 Dallapiccola, Luigi 39 Delius, Frederick 16 Dent, Edward J. 15 Deutsch, Otto Erich 21 Donizetti, Gaetano 17 Du Pre, Jacqueline 17 Dukas, Paul 37 Elgar, Edward 13, 14, 16, 39, 45 Evans, Edwin 14, 15 Finzi, Gerald 21 Fleischmann, Aloys 47 Goehr, Alexander 37, 39 Groves, Sally 35, 36, 37 Hatcher, David 34, 39 Herbage, Julian 21 Holloway, Robin 37, 46 Holst, Gustav 16, 39 Hooper, Michael 35, 39 Instone, Anna 21 Ireland, John 21 Keller, Hans 14 106 Kendall, Hannah 34, 35, 36, 37 Knussen, Oliver 37 Kodaly, Zoltan 27 Lambert, Constant 22 Lind, Jenny 17 Lumsdaine, David 39 Maazel, Lorin 20 Maconchy, Elizabeth 48 Matthay, Tobias 18 McCabe, John 34, 35, 36, 38 McCann, Norman 17, 18 McEwen, John 18 McNeff, Stephen 35, 37 Medtner, Nicolas 14 Mendelssohn, Fanny 17 Menuhin, Yehudi 17 Meyerbeer, Giacomo 17 Moeran, E.J. 48 Mozart, W.A. 7, 50 Mylett, Ian 35, 38 Patti, Adelina 15 Pears, Peter 16 Ponder, Michael 30, 35, 38 Porter, Alison 34, 36, 37 Powers, Anthony 35, 39 Rainier, Priaulx 17, 18, 20 Rawsthorne, Alan 22, 37, 43 Reich, Steve 37 Rutter, John 22 Sargent, Malcolm 23 Schenker, Heinrich 49, 50 Schumann, Clara 17 Schwertsik, Kurt 37 Seiber, Matyas 39 Shaw, Thomas 50 Sitwell, Osbert 23 Smyth, Ethel 45, 48 Stanford, Charles Villiers 14 Stevens, Denis 21 Stravinsky, Igor 27 Sullivan, Arthur 17 Thomas, Ambroise 17 Thompson, Herbert 14 Tippett, Michael 18, 39 Torke, Michael 37 Vass, George 35, 38 Vaughan Williams, Ralph 7, 16, 20, 22, 39 Wagner, Cosima 17 Walton, William 22, 23, 38 Watkins, Huw 34, 35, 38 Willcocks, David 23 Wood, Henry 17, 37 Wood, Hugh 35, 37, 39

107